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Subkultura Hip-Hop

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Subkultura Hip-Hop MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA Pedagogická fakulta Katedra občanské výchovy Subkultura Hip-Hop Diplomová práce Vedoucí diplomové práce: Vypracoval: Mgr. Zdeněk Hons Bc. David Kupka Brno, 2016 Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracoval samostatně, s využitím pouze citovaných literárních pramenů, dalších informací a zdrojů v souladu s Disciplinárním řádem pro studenty Pedagogické fakulty Masarykovy univerzity a se zákonem č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů. Souhlasím, aby práce byla uložena na Masarykově univerzitě v knihovně Pedagogické fakulty a byla zpřístupněna ke studijním účelům. V Brně dne 14. 03. 2016 . Bc. David Kupka Poděkování V následujících řádcích bych rád poděkoval vedoucímu práce Mgr. Zdeňkovi Honsovi, který mi během tvorby této diplomové práce poskytl odborné rady, informace, zkušenosti a konzultace, které pro mne a zejména moji práci byly velice přínosné. Dále bych chtěl poděkovat jednotlivým respondentům za umožnění shromáždění dat a informací potřebných pro mou diplomovou práci. Bibliografický záznam KUPKA, David. Subkultura Hip-Hop: diplomová práce. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, Pedagogická fakulta, Katedra občanské výchovy, 2016 Anotace Diplomová práce „Subkultura Hip-Hop“ je rozdělena na teoretickou a praktickou část a zabývá se hiphopovou subkulturou. Teoretická část diplomové práce obsahuje vysvětlení pojmu kultura a její stručný historický vývoj. Dále obsahuje definice pojmu subkultura a jednotlivé teorie subkultur, které popisují subkultury z historického hlediska, přes moderní pojetí, až po dnešní postmoderní koncepce. Součástí je také historie, vývoj, charakteristika a definice hiphopové subkultury. Praktická část diplomové práce obsahuje kvantitativní sociologický výzkum, který je proveden technikou dotazníku a výsledky tohoto výzkumu odhalí strukturu, koncepci, názory a vztahy ke společnosti hiphopové subkultury. Klíčová slova kultura, subkultura, teorie subkultur, životní styl, hip hop, společnost, hudba, rap Annotation The Master´s thesis „The Hip-Hop Subculture“ is divided into theoretical and practical part and deals with hip hop subculture. The theoretical part of the Master´s thesis contains explanation of the culture and its brief historical development. It also consists of a definitions of subculture and various theories of subcultures, which describes subcultures from historical point of view, through the modern conception, to today´s postmodern concepts. It includes the history, development, characteristics and definition of the hip hop subculture. The practical part of the Master´s thesis contains quantitative sociological research, which is realized by technique of questionnaire and the results of this research reveal structure, conception, attitudes and relationships with the society of hip hop subcultures. Key words culture, subculture, theory of subcultures, lifestyle, hip hop, society, music, rap OBSAH ÚVOD ...................................................................................................................................... 9 TEORETICKÁ ČÁST ......................................................................................................... 11 1 Kultura ............................................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Historický vývoj pojmu kultura...................................................................................... 13 1.2 Filosofická dimenze pojmu kultura ................................................................................ 14 1.3 Speciálně vědní dimenze pojmu kultura......................................................................... 15 1.4 Typologie pojmu kultura ................................................................................................ 18 2 Subkultura ......................................................................................................................... 20 2.1 Definice pojmu subkultura ............................................................................................. 21 2.1.1 Základní pojmy subkultur ....................................................................................... 23 2.2 Typologie subkultur ....................................................................................................... 25 2.3 Subkultura vs. hnutí ........................................................................................................ 26 2.4 Subkultura a styl ............................................................................................................. 27 2.5 Rizika subkultur ............................................................................................................. 29 3 Teorie subkultur ................................................................................................................ 31 3.1 Chicagská škola .............................................................................................................. 31 3.1.1 První generace ......................................................................................................... 32 3.1.2 Druhá generace ........................................................................................................ 33 3.1.3 Třetí generace .......................................................................................................... 33 3.2 Birminghamské Centrum ............................................................................................... 34 3.3 Post-subkulturní éra ........................................................................................................ 37 3.3.1 Postmoderní kritika birminghamského Centra ........................................................ 38 3.3.2 Post-subkulturní teorie ............................................................................................ 39 4 Subkultura hip hop ........................................................................................................... 42 4.1 Sedmdesátá léta .............................................................................................................. 45 4.1.1 Vznik hip hopu a DJingu – DJ Kool Herc .............................................................. 45 4.1.2 Grandmaster Flash ................................................................................................... 46 4.1.3 Zlom hip hopu ......................................................................................................... 47 4.2 Osmdesátá léta ................................................................................................................ 48 4.2.1 Progres turntablismu ............................................................................................... 50 4.2.2 Gangsta rap .............................................................................................................. 51 4.2.3 Miami bass .............................................................................................................. 52 4.3 Devadesátá léta ............................................................................................................... 52 4.3.1 Západní pobřeží ....................................................................................................... 53 4.3.2 G-funk ..................................................................................................................... 55 4.3.3 Gangsta rap z jihu .................................................................................................... 56 4.3.4 Barevnej jih ............................................................................................................. 56 4.3.5 Scifi Hip Hop .......................................................................................................... 57 4.3.6 Východní pobřeží .................................................................................................... 58 4.4 Losangeleské války ........................................................................................................ 61 4.5 Nové tisíciletí ................................................................................................................. 62 4.5.1 Timbaland & The Neptunes .................................................................................... 63 4.5.2 South Side ............................................................................................................... 63 4.5.3 Crunk ....................................................................................................................... 64 4.5.4 Chopped & screwed ................................................................................................ 65 4.5.5 Hip hop is death ....................................................................................................... 65 4.5.6 Mash-up ................................................................................................................... 67 4.5.7 UK Grime ................................................................................................................ 67 4.6 Subkultura hip hop v České republice ............................................................................ 68 4.7 Slovník pojmů ................................................................................................................ 70 PRAKTICKÁ ČÁST ...........................................................................................................
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