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Better Builds with Maven The How-to Guide for Maven 2.0 John Casey Vincent Massol Brett Porter Carlos Sanchez Jason van Zyl Better Builds with Maven. The How-to Guide for Maven 2.0 © 2006 Mergere, Inc. The contents of this publication are protected by U.S. copyright law and international treaties. Unauthorized reproduction of this publication or any portion of it is strictly prohibited. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and the authors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of information contained in this book or from the use of programs and source code that may accompany it. In no event shall the publisher and the authors be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damage caused or alleged to have been caused directly or indirectly by this book. Printed: June 2006 in the USA Version 1.0.1 Acknowledgments I'm very lucky to have been able to write this book with the core Maven team. They are all great developers and working with them on Maven since 2002 has been an endless source of discoveries and enlightening. Jason van Zyl and I were initially supposed to write half of the book but we soon realized that there was a substantial amount of work to be done on the code to stabilize Maven and the plugins before we could write about it. This is when Brett Porter, Carlos Sanchez and John D. Casey stepped up to the plate and jumped on board to help us. They ended up writing a big portion of the book and improving the overall book's quality by several folds. Thank you guys! We owe you. I'd like to thank Jason of course who's guided Maven all those years and who's had the foresight and courage to rewrite Maven 2 from scratch, taking into account all learnings from the past. A special thank goes to Jesse McConnell who's helped me a lot to write the J2EE chapter and especially the Web Services part. Thanks also to all our reviewers who provided great feedback and fixed our errors. They are all part of the vibrant Maven community whether as committers or contributors. In no special order, I'd like to thank Stephane Nicoll, Napoleon Esmundo C. Ramirez, Felipe Leme, Jerome Lacoste, Bill Dudney and David Blevins. A big thank to Mergere which sponsored this book and a company I admire for really understanding open source. Thanks to Winston Damarillo and Gordon King for making this book possible and thanks to Natalie Burdick for driving it relentlessly to completion, which is not a small feat when you have to manage a bunch of hardcore open source developers who continually lapse into coding when they should be writing instead! Delivering a quality book would not have been possible without the professional help of Lisa Malgeri and Elena Renard who did all layouts, copy editing and more generally transformed our technical prose into proper and readable English. Thank you to Joakim Erdfelt for the graphical images in our Figures. A huge thank to Pivolis for allowing me to work part time on the book even though the return on investment was far from being guaranteed! Once more Francois Hisquin and Jean-Yves Grisi have proved that they have their employees' satisfaction at heart. Last but not least, all my love goes to my wife Marie-Albane and my 3 young kids who kept loving me unfalteringly even though I spent a good portion of our play-time to write this book. Vincent Massol i I'd like to start by thanking everyone who has been involved in the Maven community over the years, for sticking with it through some of the early development and for holding the development team to a higher standard. Maven is the cumulative work of nearly 40 committers and an even larger number of contributors who've taken the time to give feedback, contribute ideas, answer questions, test features, and submit fixes. Jason van Zyl deserves particular credit and has my constant admiration for having the foresight to start the project and for continuing to stick unwaveringly to his vision throughout its development. I'd also like to thank Paul Russell and the development team during my time at Fairfax Digital, for trusting my judgment to use Maven on our projects, and without whom I would never have been able to get involved in the project in the first place. Both I and the Maven project owe you all a debt of gratitude. I'm grateful to have had the opportunity to finally write a book about Maven, and to do so with such a number of my talented friends and colleagues. To the authors Jason, Vincent, John and Carlos - congratulations on a job well done. To Natalie Burdick, for her dedication to see this through, despite having all of the least enjoyable tasks of keeping the development on track, doing additional copy editing and organizing its release. To Lisa Malgeri and Elena Renard, for their copy editing, formatting and development of the book's template, whose work made this book as professional and polished as it is. I'm very thankful to the team at Mergere and Simula Labs for not only sponsoring the development of the book and making it available free of charge, but for the opportunity to work in such a tremendous environment. It is a rare thing to be able to work with such a friendly group of people that are among the brightest in their field, doing what you enjoy and being able to see your our own personal vision realized. Personally, I'd like to say how much I appreciate all of my family, friends, and those of St Paul's Anglican church for all of their care,support, help and encouragement in everything that I do. My most heartfelt thanks and all of my love go to my wife Laura, for loving me as I am despite all my flaws, for her great patience and sacrifice in allowing me to work at all hours from home, and for leaving her native Michigan to live in a bizarre foreign land. I continue to hope that it was for me and not just because of the warmer climate. Brett Porter ii I would like to thank professor Fernando Bellas for encouraging my curiosity about the open source world, and the teammates during my time at Softgal, for accepting my crazy ideas about open source. Also, I'd like to thank my family for their continuous support, especially my parents and my brother for helping me whenever I needed. Thanks also to all the people in Galicia for that delicious food I miss so much when traveling around the world. Carlos Sanchez Many thanks to Jesse McConnell for his contributions to the book. It is much appreciated. All of us would like to thank Lisa Malgeri, Elena Renard and Joakim Erdfelt for their many contributions to the book. Finally, we would like to thank all the reviewers who greatly enhanced the content and quality of this book: Natalie Burdick, Stephane Nicoll, Napoleon Esmundo C. Ramirez, Felipe Leme, Jerome Lacoste, Bill Dudney, David Blevins, Lester Ecarma, Ruel Loehr, Mark Hobson, Tim O'Brien, Chris Berry, Abel Rodriguez, Fabrice Bellingard, Allan Ramirez, Emmanuel Venisse and John Tolentino. Vincent, Jason, John, Brett and Carlos iii About the Authors Vincent Massol has been an active participant in the Maven community as both a committer and a member of the Project Management Committee (PMC) since Maven's early days in 2002. Vincent has directly contributed to Maven's core, as well as to various Maven plugins. In addition to his work on Maven, he founded the Jakarta Cactus project-a simple testing framework for server-side Java code and the Cargo project-a J2EE container manipulation framework. Vincent lives and works in Paris, where he is the technical director of Pivolis, a company which specializes in collaborative offshore software development using Agile methodologies. This is Vincent's third book; he is a co-author of JUnit in Action, published by Manning in 2003 (ISBN 1-930-11099-5) and Maven: A Developer's Notebook, published by O'Reilly in 2005 (ISBN 0-596-00750-7). Jason van Zyl: As chief architect and co-founder of Mergere, Inc., Jason van Zyl focuses on improving the Software Development Infrastructure associated with medium to large scale projects, which has led to the founding of the Apache Maven project. He continues to work directly on Maven and serves as the Chair of the Apache Maven Project Management Committee. Brett Porter has been involved in the Apache Maven project since early 2003, discovering Maven while searching for a simpler way to define a common build process across projects. Immediately hooked, Brett became increasingly involved in the project's development, joining the Maven Project Management Committee (PMC) and directing traffic for both the 1.0 and 2.0 major releases. Additionally, Brett has become involved in a variety of other open source projects, and is a Member of the Apache Software Foundation. Brett is a co-founder and the Director of Engineering at Mergere, Inc., where he hopes to be able to make the lives of other developers easier. He is grateful to work and live in the suburbs of Sydney, Australia. John Casey became involved in the Maven community in early 2002, when he began looking for something to make his job as Ant “buildmeister” simpler.