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Family Rhynchitidae Guide to the British Species

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Family Rhynchitidae Guide to the British Species Family Rhynchitidae Guide to the British species References The source of most of the couplets is from my translation of Arved Lompe’s German key adapted for the British fauna. The original can be found at http://www.coleo- net.de/coleo/texte/rhynchitidae.htm and linked pages. The translation is reproduced here with the kind permission of Dr Arved Lompe. The keys to genera Involvulus, Rhynchites and Temnocerus are translated and adapted from Hoffman (1958) Fauna de France 62: Coléoptères Curculionides. Checklist of species From the Checklist of Beetles of the British Isles, 2012 edition, edited by A. G. Duff. (Available for download from www.coleopterist.org.uk/checklist.htm). This lists 17 species in 9 genera. BYCTISCUS Thomson, C.G., 1859 NEOCOENORRHINUS Voss, 1951 betulae (Linnaeus, 1758) germanicus (Herbst, 1797) populi (Linnaeus, 1758) interpunctatus (Stephens, 1831) CAENORHINUS Thomson, C.G., 1859 minutus (Herbst, 1797) mannerheimii (Hummel, 1823) pauxillus (Germar, 1824) DEPORAUS Samouelle, 1819 RHYNCHITES Schneider, D.H., 1791 betulae (Linnaeus, 1758) auratus (Scopoli, 1763) INVOLVULUS Schrank, 1798 bacchus (Linnaeus, 1758) caeruleus (De Geer, 1775) TATIANAERHYNCHITES Legalov, 2002 cupreus (Linnaeus, 1758) aequatus (Linnaeus, 1767) LASIORHYNCHITES Jekel, 1860 TEMNOCERUS Thunberg, 1815 olivaceus (Gyllenhal, 1833) coeruleus (Fabricius, 1798) longiceps (Thomson, C.G., 1888) nanus (Paykull, 1792) Image Credits The illustrations in this key are reproduced from the Iconographia Coleopterorum Poloniae, with permission kindly granted by Lech Borowiec. Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) Family Rhynchitidae Key to British species 1 Head behind the eyes rounded. Rostrum broadening towards the tip, at most twice as long as its broadest point. Upper surface black or elytra blue-metallic. Length 2.8-5 mm. ...................................................................................2 Head behind the eyes straight or only slightly rounded, so the head is not clearly narrowed. Rostrum at least twice as long as wide and usually longer. ................3 Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 2 Body uniformly black, relatively short with not all the hairs lying on the surface. Pronotum broader than long, broader than the head across the eyes; pronotum broadest behind the middle and strongly narrowing towards the front. Hind femora thickened, moderately in females, strongly in males. Hind tibiae with pointed tubercles along the inner side. Length 2.5-4.0 mm. ......................................... .......... Deporaus betulae On birch and alder, more rarely oak, beech, hazel and cherry. Females roll a leaf into an elongated funnel shape and then lay 1-6 eggs inside and drop to the ground to pupate. Body dark blue, relatively narrow so that the head and pronotum appear elongate; legs slender. Upper surface covered with pale grey hairs that lie on the surface. Pronotum no broader than long and not broader than the head measured across the eyes. Hind femora and tibiae without distinctive features; tibiae sometimes brown. Length 2.8-4.0 mm. ............ ......... Caenorhinus mannerheimii One birch and more rarely willows and hazel. The larvae develop in fallen leaves. Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 2 Upper surface bare although the slopes of the elytra have a covering of extremely fine hairs which lie on the surface. The sides of the hind coxae do not extend to reach the inner surface of the episterna. Upper surface uniformly shining metallic (although the colour depends on the orientation with respect to the light). Robust species, length 4-7 mm. ....................... .......... Genus Byctiscus Upper surface clearly hairy (if indistinct then narrow species under 3.5 mm. with dark hair lying on the surface). Hind coxae broad, reaching the episterna at the sides. ...................................................................................................................3 Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 3 Upper surface with short, dark hairs lying on the surface which are difficult to see under low magnification. Hind tibiae obtusely angled on the outer surface and smooth. Elytra about 1.5 times as long as their combined width. Narrow, metallic blue species, length 2.0-3.5 mm. ............................... .......... Genus Temnocerus Upper surface covered with obvious, more or less erect hairs. Hind tibiae sharply angled on the outer surface, the angle finely notched. ..........................................4 Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 4 Elytra without a short row of punctures between the base of the first complete stria and the suture. .............................................................................................5 Base of the elytra with a short row of punctures next to the suture, between it and the first complete stria. .........................7 Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 5 Elytra with the 9th stria (second to last) united with the 10th stria (the marginal one) near the middle. Striae very strong with the intervals very convex. Metallic bronzy- copper (occasionally purplish). Hairs on the top surface few, erect. .......................................................................... .......... Involvulus cupreus Feeds on various woody members of the rose family, e.g. blackthorn, plum, cherry, rowan, apple, pear and cultivated hawthorn. Elytra with the 9th stria remaining separate from the 10th stria all the way to the tip. .........................................................................................................................6 Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 6 Striae on the elytra very distinct, punctured. Pronotum of the male unarmed. Rostrum curved in both sexes. Blue or green species. ..................................................................... .......... Involvulus caeruleus Feeds on various woody members of the rose family, e.g. apples, pears, cherries, plums and rowan. Striae on the elytra much less distinct, almost lost in the furrowed surface texture. Males with a distinct spine on the pronotum, visible as a small tubercle when viewed from the side. Rostrum of males curved, of females straight. Tarsi short, the second segment broader than long, distinctly lobed at the tip. Upper surface with a clear metallic shine. ................................ .......... Genus Rhynchites Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 6 Elytra more compact, at most 1.4 times as long as their combined width. Rostrum curved, as long as (males) or longer than (females) the pronotum. Length 2.0-4.5 mm. ..................7 Elytra more elongate, 1.4-1.7 times as long as their combined width. Proboscis usually straight and short, at most as long as the pronotum. Length 3.3-7.2 mm. ............................................. .......... Genus Lasiorhynchites Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 7 Elytra reddish-brown, usually narrowly darkened along the suture at least behind the scutellum. Body metallic, shining bronze. Rostrum, antennae and legs black. Middle of the antennae, femora and tibiae often reddish or brown. Striae on the elytra narrower than the intervals, which are themselves finely punctured. The ninth stria is united with the tenth in the middle of the side of the elytra. Length 2.7- 4.5 mm. ................................................................................... ........... Tatianaerhynchites aequatus On woody Rosaceae, most commonly on hawthorn. May be a pest in orchards, in particular of apples. Upper surface uniformly metallic dark blue-black, rarely green or bronze. ............................................................. .......... Genus Neocoenorrhinus Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) Genus Neocoenorrhinus Translated and adapted by Mike Hackston, from Lompe (2009) - http://www.coleo- net.de/coleo/texte/caenorhinus.htm. 1 The ninth stria on the elytra (the second to last) reaches the tip, where it is united (or not) with the tenth stria. Striae broader than the intervals; intervals without punctures or if they are present they are difficult to make out. ...........................................2 Diagram shows an elytron from the side. The ninth stria is united with the tenth at or a little beyond half way along the elytra. Intervals as broad as the striae with distinct punctures. .......................3 Creative Commons. © Mike Hackston (2014). Translated from Lompe (2011) and Hoffmann (1958) 2 The ninth (red dots) and the tenth stria (the marginal stria) on each elytron have some extra punctures between them in the first third under the shoulders. Striae broader than the intervals. Intervals with punctures scarcely visible even with 50x magnification. Hairs comparatively shorter. Dark blue or blue-green. Rostrum as long as the head and pronotum combined (shorter in females). Length 1.5- 3.1 mm. .............................................................................. .......... Neocoenorrhinus germanicus On herbaceous or woody species of Rosaceae and willows. May be a pest particularly
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