PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA SALES LINE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Prepared for: Penn West Exploration Calgary, Alberta
Prepared by:
Airdrie, Alberta
April 2012 RCS Project No.: 12-3247
Waskada Sales Line – Environmental Assessment
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Overview ...... 1 1.2 Project Purpose ...... 1 1.3 Alternatives to the Project ...... 1 1.4 Alternative Means of Completing the Project ...... 1 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 3 2.1 Activities ...... 3 2.1.1 Pipeline ...... 3 2.1.2 Additional Activities ...... 3 2.2 Land Use and Ownership ...... 3 2.3 Planning and Design ...... 4 2.3.1 Environmental Planning ...... 4 2.3.2 Project Design ...... 4 2.3.3 Routing ...... 4 2.4 Surveying ...... 5 2.5 Pipeline Construction ...... 5 2.6 Operation ...... 5 2.7 Decommissioning ...... 6 2.8 Public and Regulatory Consultation ...... 6 3 EXISTING BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 10 3.1 BIOPHYSICAL SETTING ...... 11 3.1.1 Physiography ...... 11 3.1.2 Geology ...... 11 3.1.3 Climate ...... 12 3.1.4 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Quality ...... 14 3.1.5 Soils ...... 14 3.1.6 Watershed ...... 14 3.1.7 Aquatic Resources ...... 20 3.1.8 Vegetation ...... 20 3.1.9 Wildlife ...... 26 3.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING ...... 32 3.2.1 Land Use and Resource Use ...... 32 3.2.2 Protected and Conservation Areas ...... 33 3.2.3 Heritage Resources ...... 34 3.2.4 First Nations ...... 34 4 POTENTIAL BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 35 4.1 Methodology ...... 35 4.1.1 Boundaries ...... 35 4.1.2 Mitigation Measures ...... 36 4.1.3 Residual Effects ...... 36 4.1.4 Significance ...... 36 4.2 Assessment of Project Effects on Environment ...... 37 4.2.1 Physical Environment ...... 37 4.2.2 Greenhouse Gases and Air Quality ...... 38 4.2.3 Soil ...... 38 4.2.4 Water ...... 39 4.2.5 Aquatic Resources ...... 40 4.2.6 Wetlands ...... 41 4.2.7 Vegetation ...... 42 4.2.8 Wildlife ...... 44 4.2.9 Land Use and Resource Use ...... 45 4.2.10 Heritage resources ...... 45
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4.2.11 First Nations ...... 46 4.2.12 Communities ...... 46 4.2.13 Economy ...... 46 4.2.14 Public Health ...... 46 4.2.15 Infrastructure and Services...... 47 4.2.16 Spills, Releases and Accidents ...... 47 4.3 Assessment of Environment Effects on Project ...... 48 5 POTENTIAL CUMULATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ...... 50 5.1 Methods ...... 50 5.1.1 Past, Existing, and Future Activities ...... 50 5.2 Assessment of Cumulative Effects on Biophysical and Socio-economic Environment .... 51 5.2.1 Physical Environment ...... 51 5.2.2 Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change ...... 52 5.2.3 Soil ...... 52 5.2.4 Water ...... 52 5.2.5 Aquatic Resources ...... 52 5.2.6 Wetlands ...... 52 5.2.7 Vegetation ...... 53 5.2.8 Wildlife ...... 53 5.2.9 Land Use and Resource Use ...... 53 5.2.10 Heritage resources ...... 54 5.2.11 First Nations ...... 54 5.2.12 Economy ...... 54 5.2.13 Public Health ...... 54 5.2.14 Infrastructure and Services...... 54 6 INSPECTION, MONITORING, AND REPORTING ...... 55 6.1 Inspection ...... 55 6.2 Monitoring ...... 55 6.2.1 Watercourse Crossings ...... 55 6.2.2 Right-of-way ...... 55 6.3 Post-Construction Environmental Assessment ...... 55 6.4 Reporting ...... 56 7 CONCLUSION ...... 57 8 REFERENCES ...... 58 8.1 Personal Communications ...... 58 8.2 Literature Cited ...... 59
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Regional Location of the Proposed Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line ...... 2
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Technical Details for 8” and 4” Sales Lines ...... 3 Table 2 Maintenance Schedule ...... 5 Table 3 Record of Consultation ...... 7 Table 4 Environmental Background ...... 10
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Table 5 Average Monthly and Yearly Precipitation and Temperature (1971 to 2000) for the Project ...... 13 Table 6 Potential Watercourses to be Crossed by Proposed Penn West Waskada Sales Line 2012/2013 ...... 15 Table 7 Uncultivated Quarter Sections to be Crossed by the Project ...... 21 Table 8 Plant Species Listed as Endangered or Threatened on the Manitoba Endangered Species Act ...... 22 Table 9 Schedule 1 Rare Plant Species Listed on the Species at Risk Act that occur in Manitoba ...... 23 Table 10 Descriptions of Potential Rare Plant Species along the Proposed Pipeline Route ...... 24 Table 11 Rare Plant Species Observed within 1 km of the Proposed Pipeline Route* ...... 25 Table 12 Occurrence of Species of Conservation Concern within the Aspen Parkland Subregion of Manitoba ...... 27 Table 13 Description of Species of Concern within the greater Project Area* ...... 29 Table 14 Communities in Proximity to the Project ...... 32 Table 15 Effects of Project on Physical Environment ...... 37 Table 16 Effects of Project on Soil ...... 38 Table 17 Effects of Project on Water ...... 39 Table 18 Effects of Project on Aquatic Resources ...... 41 Table 19 Effects of Project on Wetlands ...... 42 Table 20 Effects of Project on Vegetation ...... 43 Table 21 Effects of Project on Wildlife ...... 44 Table 22 Effects of Project on Land and Resource Use ...... 45 Table23 Effects of Project on Public Health ...... 46 Table 24 Effects of Project on Infrastructure and Services ...... 47 Table 25 Effects of Spills, Release, and Accidents...... 48 Table 26 Effects of Project on Infrastructure and Services ...... 49 Table 27 Listing of Existing and Proposed Pipeline Projects in Proximity to Project Area ...... 51
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line Proposed Route ...... 66 (see Map Pocket) ...... 66 Appendix 2 Soils within the Project Area ...... 67 Appendix 3 Preliminary List of Wetlands to be Crossed by Project ...... 72 Appendix 4 Manitoba Noxious Weeds ...... 75 Appendix 5 Rare Plant Species in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion ...... 77
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
Penn West Exploration (Penn West) manages the Waskada pipeline (Petroleum Branch Operating License No. 23), which is an 87 km sales pipeline that transports crude oil from their battery site at 12-30-1-25 WPM to the Enbridge Pipelines Inc. (Enbridge) Cromer terminal at 13-17-9-28 WPM. The original pipeline was constructed in 1984/1985.
Over recent years, Penn West has conducted in-line inspections and replaced or repaired sections of pipeline along the route. As an alternative to future pipeline replacements, Penn West is proposing to construct a new pipeline(s) adjacent to the existing right-of-way. The new pipeline route will consist of an 8" (219.1 mm O.D.) crude oil pipeline and a 4" (114.3 mm O.D.) natural gas liquid (NGL) pipeline constructed in the same trench, and referred to as the Waskada Sales Line (the Project). The NGL pipeline will not terminate at the Enbridge Cromer terminal but will continue north to 13-17-10-28 WPM.
Figure 1 displays the regional location of the existing and proposed Penn West pipelines.
1.2 Project Purpose
The proposed crude oil pipeline will reduce concerns regarding pipeline integrity, require less maintenance than the current aging pipeline, as well as increase the amount of product transported to Enbridge's Cromer terminal because of an increase in pipeline size (219.1 mm over 168.3 mm). The construction of the pipeline is considered feasible by Penn West based on the successful construction of the existing Waskada pipeline and the recent approval and construction of other pipeline projects within the local area (i.e., EOG Resources Canada Waskada to Cromer).
1.3 Alternatives to the Project
The alternative to the proposed Project would be to continue repairing portions of the existing pipeline. The existing line is considered a high risk pipeline because of corrosion in a number of locations, including large sections (~8 km to 15 km in length) that will have to be replaced as soon as feasible. The continued use of the existing pipeline over the construction of a new pipeline is less desirable because of the continued extensive testing and maintenance required to safely operate this pipeline.
1.4 Alternative Means of Completing the Project
Alternative means of completing the Project include considering different route options. Aside from using different routing options, there are limited alternative means to completing the Project.
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Provident Facility 13-17-10-28 WPM R.M. of Wallace
Cromer Facility 13-17-9-28 WPM
Pipestone Creek
R.M. of Pipestone
6 Reston
R.M. of Albert Stony Creek
Jackson Creek Melita Souris River
R.M. of Arthur R.M. of Brenda
Waskada Waskada Creek 30-1-25 WPM Battery Site LEGEND FIGURE 1 LOCATION OF THE Penn West Exploration Waskada Pipeline PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA SALES LINE PROJECT Existing Penn West Exploration Pipeline Watercourses Municipality
Rural Municipality
Scale: 1:450,000 Source Imagery: www.valtus.com Kilometers 12-3247 0 3.75 7.5 15 22.5 30 Survey: Altus Geomatics Waskada Sales Line – Environmental Assessment
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Project will include project design, environmental planning, routing, activities associated with the pipeline and the installation of additional facilities, and operations.
2.1 Activities
2.1.1 Pipeline
The Penn West Waskada Sales Line will consist of two pipelines constructed within the same trench. Table 1 outlines the project details for each pipeline.
Table 1 Technical Details for 8” and 4” Sales Lines
8” Sales Line 4” Sales Line
Pipeline location From 12-30-1-25 WPM to 13-17-9-28 WPM From 12-30-1-25 WPM to 13-17-10-28 WPM Size (mm O.D.) 219.1 mm 114.3 mm Total existing length (m) 92 km 105 km Pipe Material Steel Steel Product Oil emulsion Natural gas liquid 20 m + 5 m Right-of-Way and Within same trench as 8” sales line. When adjacent to existing pipeline right-of-way, 5 m Workspace widths of workspace taken from existing right-of-way. Minimum 1.5 m Depth of Cover Within same trench as 8” sales line. (minimum) Increased depth of cover for crossing watercourses, wetlands and areas with special conditions. Trench width (m) 1 m 1 m Installation method Conventional Conventional Test medium Water/Methanol Water/Methanol Existing low and high grade roads, and temporary Existing low and high grade roads, and Access access roads temporary access roads
2.1.2 Additional Activities
The Project will also include the construction of above-ground facilities including a riser and pigging receiver at the end of each pipeline and nine riser sites. Isolation valves will be located in between these riser sites. The locations of the proposed riser sites will be determined and approved by Penn West and determined by convenient access, ensuring protection for areas of concern, and pipeline requirements.
Temporary facilities will also be constructed to enable pipeline construction. These facilities are likely to include temporary access roads, shoo-flies, and equipment marshalling areas.
2.2 Land Use and Ownership
The Project traverses freehold land which is largely under agricultural activity, such as crop cultivation and ranching (Government of Manitoba 2012l). Figure 1 shows the regional location of the proposed Project. A large scale map is provided in Appendix 1 displaying the quarter sections to be traversed and the applicable landowner.
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2.3 Planning and Design
2.3.1 Environmental Planning
As part of the planning process, environmental planning was undertaken to address potential environmental concerns that would be incorporated into initial planning and design of the pipeline. The environmental planning program included preliminary consultation with regulators and local organizations to identify any areas of concern and applicable regulatory requirements. Section 2.8 contains a detailed description of the consultation program. Environmental planning was included in route selection and will help guide construction methods and timing to minimize the potential impact of the Project on the local and regional environment.
The Petroleum Branch of Manitoba Innovation, Energy and Mines is responsible for the administration of Crown oil and gas rights. Penn West is applying for a pipeline license through the Petroleum Branch’s application process. The Manitoba Environment Act, administered by Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship (MBCWS), outlines the environmental assessment and licensing process for those developments that may have potential for significant environmental effects. The Project is considered a Class 2 development (i.e., pipeline greater than 10 km long) under the Manitoba Environment Act and its Classes of Development Regulation; and therefore, this Environmental Assessment (EA) report is part of the EA and licensing process required for project approval. Manitoba has an agreement with the federal government whereby a cooperative EA is undertaken when an environmental assessment is required under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act or Manitoba Environmental Act.
2.3.2 Project Design
The Project was designed with best management practices and mitigation measures to reduce the potential effects the project may have on the surrounding environment, including addressing integrity problems that have been encountered with the existing pipeline. Both pipeline specifications and construction methods (e.g., trench depth) were considered during project design.
2.3.3 Routing
The routing for the Project was based on following the existing pipeline as much as possible to take advantage of the existing right-of-way for workspace and access. Routing the Project adjacent to the existing right-of-way follows the preferred practice of routing industrial activities along existing disturbances. Other routing considerations included avoidance of, or minimizing impacts to wetlands, landowner concerns, and existing infrastructure (i.e., pipelines, well sites). Landowner concerns were site- specific and incorporated into routing and surveys. Field routing was completed by Penn West and surveyors at the time of initial surveying (February-April 2012).
2.3.3.1 Wetlands
Specific routing criteria with respect to wetlands were established by reviewing municipal, provincial and federal regulations, guidelines, or recommendations, including:
Avoid wetlands, particularly Class III to V wetlands (Stewart and Kantrud 1971). Attempt a setback of 100 m from wetlands (Environment Canada 2009), particularly from Class III to IV wetlands within pasture or native prairie. This setback was difficult to achieve in certain areas because of proximity of wetlands and existing pipelines and infrastructure.
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Bore or Horizontally Directional Drill (HDD) Class IV and V wetlands where original route alignment was preferred. Minimize disturbance to Class I and II wetlands if crossed. If crossing a wetland cannot be avoided, attempt to cross along the wetland edge. In such circumstances, an attempt will also be made to minimize clearing in the right-of-way, to locate the trench outside the wetland, to place topsoil and spoil piles outside the wetlands, and/or to use shoo-fly access.
2.4 Surveying
Surveying was undertaken with routing criteria and considerations in mind in February to March 2012. Field alterations to the proposed routing were completed by the field supervisor to address site-specific conditions.
2.5 Pipeline Construction
Construction of the proposed pipeline is scheduled to begin in September 2012. Final clean-up will occur immediately following construction if possible. If frozen ground conditions are encountered, final cleanup will occur during non-frozen ground conditions in spring/summer 2013. Final cleanup of any native prairie and seeded pasture will occur in 2013 following a wildlife survey. Final seeding will be conducted, if needed, immediately following topsoil replacement during non-frozen conditions.
2.6 Operation
The sales oil pipeline will perform with a maximum flow rate of 20,000 bbl/day and the NGL line will be designed to handle 1400 bbl/day. The pipelines are expected to operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, so as to prevent the adverse conditions associated with stagnant and intermittent flow. Table 2 outlines the general maintenance schedule proposed for the pipelines during operation.
Table 2 Maintenance Schedule
Maintenance Associated Activities Schedule
Internal corrosion prevention measure: (minimum every second day) pig launching is carried out as soon as the previous pig has reached the pig receiver. Every few days Aerial Right-of-way photos*: (every third day) serves as a monitoring tool for vegetation, erosion, activities, pipeline leaks and signage concerns. Equipment inspections: of valve sites, site security, lease and equipment conditions, and instrumentation gas supply Monthly Chemical use tracking: as part of the corrosion prevention program, volumes of chemicals applied and analytical data collected will be monitored and tracked. Cathodic protection (CP)*: obtain rectifier voltage and current readings and adjusting the settings as needed to Bi-monthly ensure adequate CP protection is being applied. Corrosion residual level testing: free water is collected to determine residual level and to complete sulphate Quarterly reducing and acid producing bacteria surveys; will help to revise corrosion prevention program. Leak inspections: of all equipment and hardware involved in the leak detection system. Semi-Annually Pressure test: of the shipping pump’s shut-down switches. Pressure calibration test*: of pipeline pressure transmitters (includes written report) Thorough shipping pump inspection: all associated valves, transmitters and actuators are inspected for proper operation and maintenance is completed, if required. Annually Communication system test*: radio diagnostics and signal strength will be tested (includes written report) Confirm cathodic protection*: complete pipeline inspection is performed to ensure adequate cathodic protection is being applied and the entire system (i.e. parts, bonds, posts) is meeting desired standards; maintenance is
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done, if required. Pipeline awareness program*: follow-up meetings with landowners. Depth of cover surveys*: the depth of cover at all major water body crossings will be measured for erosion control; frequency of surveys increased if determined to be needed based on first few years of data Within first 10 In-line inspection (ILI): the operation of the pipeline and the degradation of the pipeline wall thickness will be years (more inspected with actions reflecting the amount of wall thickness lost (verification digs or higher frequency ILIs frequently if may be required if 50-80% lost; repair digs and complete pipe section replacement are carried out when over needed) 80% of wall thickness is lost)
* Performed by third party contractors
2.7 Decommissioning
Currently, the plan for decommissioning will be abandonment-in-place following the life cycle of the pipelines. It is difficult to predict if procedures and/or decommissioning requirements will change over the course of the pipelines’ life cycles. Should different procedures be available or required, decommission will follow these requirements.
2.8 Public and Regulatory Consultation
Public and regulatory consultation was undertaken in the planning stages of the Project. Municipal, provincial, and federal government agencies were contacted to discuss the proposed Project and seek direction or recommendations for certain environmental issues. In addition, stakeholders such as non- governmental organizations were contacted where the Project may be of interest. Table 3 includes the agencies and organizations which were consulted during the planning process and preparation of the EA and Environmental Protection Plan (EPP – Part B).
Public consultation also included notifying landowners, residents, and occupants within 1.5 km of either end point of the pipeline and those within 0.5 km along the length of the pipeline. Submitted letters are signed and received from all landowners, residents and occupants along the pipeline right-of-way. In addition to landowners, residents, and occupants, rural municipalities are notified as are operators with facilities within 30 km of the pipeline (including Canadian Pacific Railway).
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Table 3 Record of Consultation
Contact Agency Method Date Items Discussed
Director Environmental Assessment and Licensing Clarification on Environmental Assessment Proposal Tracy Braun Branch Conversation January 12, 2012 submission. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship
Email January 19, 2012 Clarification on Environmental Assessment Proposal. Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch Conversation January 24, 2012 Information required and environmental concerns. Elise Dagdick Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship Direction given with respect to federal cooperative Conversation January 25, 2012 environmental assessment and consultation with other branches of MCWS.
Email January 12, 2012 Clarification on application under Oil and Gas Act.
Chief Petroleum Engineer Email January 18, 2012 Clarification on information required for application. Jennifer Abel Petroleum Branch Innovation , Energy and Mines Conversation January 24, 2012 Clarification on information required for application. Conversation February 15, 2012 Initial Aboriginal Consultation Assessment
Clarification on crossing water bodies and desired Conversation January 13, 2012 approach for consultation.
Conversation January 20, 2012 Wetland specific considerations. Water Stewardship Division Email February 13, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. William Weaver Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship Email February 28, 2012 Received comments to consultation letter.
Email March 15, 2012 Clarification request on wetland compensation.
Conversation/Email March 21, 2012 Response on wetland compensation agreements.
Biodiversity Information Manager Conversation January 26, 2012 Record request for wildlife and plants in project area. Manitoba Conservation Data Centre Chris Friesen Manitoba Conservation and Water Email March 15, 2012 Records received. Stewardship
Conservation Data Centre Acting Conversation January 26, 2012 Data sharing agreement. Nicole Firlotte Coordinator Email January 26, 2012 Sent contact information.
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Manitoba Conservation Data Centre Clarification on consultation within Manitoba Conservation Manitoba Conservation and Water Conversation January 30, 2012 and Water Stewardship (e.g., biologists). Stewardship
Conversation February 7, 2012 Clarification on formal consultation.
Habitat Specialist Email February 13, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. Jonathan Wiens Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection March 19, 2012 Manitoba Conservation and Water Email. Sent email asking for input on environmental survey times. Stewardship March 20, 2012 Conservation March 20, 2012 Clarification on recommendations.
Fisheries Biologist Water Stewardship Division Bruno Bruederlin Email January 26, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship
Conversation January 25, 2012 Clarification on conservation easements in project area.
Stephen Carlyle Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation Email January 30, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter.
Conversation March 15, 2012 Discussed native prairie and wetland concerns.
Identification of conservation easement locations in project Curtis Hullick Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation Email February 3, 2012 area.
A/Senior Habitat Biologist Sherri Clifford Discussed a possible need for DFO approval regarding Central and Arctic Region Conversation March 6, 2012 stream crossings. Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Conversation January 25, 2012 Discussed formal consultation. Archaeological Services Officer Perry Blomquist Historic Resources Branch Email January 26, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. Manitoba Culture, Heritage and Tourism Conversation March 2, 2012 Inquired regarding status of review.
Enquired regarding traditional land use and Heritage Historic Resources Branch Email March 2, 2012 Brian Smith Resource Assessment. Manitoba Culture, Heritage and Tourism Conversation March 2, 2012 Follow-up conversation.
Parks Superintendent Darlene Perrett Conversation January 31, 2012 Discussed consultation preference. Parks and Natural Areas Branch
Conversation January 27, 2012 Comments received regarding project area. Manager Yasemin Wruth Email January 30, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. Turtle Mountain Conservation District Email February 3, 2012 Received response to letter
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Email February 23, 2012 Received comments.
Conversation March 15, 2012 Clarification on comments.
Conversation January 30, 2012 Comments received regarding project area. Manager Dean Brooker Email January 30, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. West Souris Conservation District Email January 31, 2012 Information request.
Chief Administrative Officer Trudy Murray Conversation January 30, 2012 Discussed project and sent formal consultation letter. Rural Municipality of Albert
Gavin Mackenzie Rural Municipality of Albert Conversation/Email February 15, 2012 Discussed project and sent formal consultation letter.
Chief Administrative Officer Conversation January 31, 2012 Message left regarding project. Sandra Anderson Rural Municipality of Arthur Email February 1, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter.
Weed Specialist Email March 12, 2012 Sent request for any weed concerns. Delnor Davies Rural Municipalities of Arthur and Edward Conversation March 13, 2012 Discussed weed issues in RM.
Chief Administrative Officer Email February 9, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. Diane Woodworth Rural Municipality of Brenda Letter February 21, 2012 Received letter from RM.
Weed Supervisor Al Szoradi Conversation March 13, 2012 Discussed weed concerns in RM. Rural Municipalities of Brenda-Winchester
Chief Administrative Officer Email February 1, 2012 Sent consultation letter. June Greggor Rural Municipality of Pipestone Letter February 21, 2012 Received letter from RM.
Weed Supervisor Robert Tingey Email March 12, 2012 Sent request for any weed concerns. Received response. Rural Municipality of Pipestone
Chief Administrative Officer Don Stephenson Email March 16, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter. Rural Municipality of Wallace
Email February 3, 2012 Sent formal consultation letter.
Calvin Cuthbert Ducks Unlimited Canada Received response with request for notification and Email February 23, 2012 inspection.
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3 EXISTING BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The following subsections describe in detail the existing biophysical and socio-economic environment along the proposed pipeline route. Information on the existing environment was determined through the review of existing literature, including environmental databases and similar projects completed in the region. Field surveys will be completed to gather specific information on biophysical characteristics. Table 4 provides an overview of the main environmental conditions for the proposed Project.
Table 4 Environmental Background
Component Environmental Description
Biophysical Setting Souris till plain Natural Region Parkland-prairies Provincial Ecological Area (Manitoba Agriculture, Food Aspen Parkland Natural Ecoregion and Rural Initiatives n.d) Prairie Ecological Zone Physiographic Region and Region: Interior Plains Division (Natural Resources Division: Saskatchewan Plains Canada 2006) Geological eon - Phanerozoic Geological era - Mesozoic Period - Cretaceous Geology (Manitoba Mineral Epoch - Upper Resources Division 1979) Geological province - Western Canada Sedimentary Basin Lithotectonic description - Riding Mountain Formation Lithological description - Shale, siliceous and bentonitic (Pherozoic subunit) - Soft grey bentonitic clayey siltstone and shale Cultivation – cereal or oil seed crops. Land Use and Dominant Seeded pasture – smooth brome, wheatgrass, and other grass species. Vegetation Native prairie – dominated by grasses, forbs, and shrub, and which may be used as pasture for livestock. Watercourses and wetlands – native and introduced riparian vegetation. Black Chernozemic soils are the dominant soil type in the area with poorly drained Gleysolic soils occurring in depressions and under stream channels. Imperfectly drained Regosolic soils are also Soils present along the proposed pipeline. (Manitoba Agriculture, Food The soil textures range from loams to coarse sands deposited over morainal, lacustrine, alluvial and Rural Initiatives n.d.) and eolian parent material. Slopes in the project area are generally level to gently sloping. Watershed Assiniboine River (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d.) Socio-Economic Boundaries
Agricultural Region Southwest Region (Manitoba Agriculture, Food Melita District and Rural Initiatives n.d.) Virden District Rural Municipality of Brenda Rural Municipalities Rural Municipality of Albert (Manitoba Agriculture, Food Rural Municipality of Arthur and Rural Initiatives n.d.) Rural Municipality of Pipestone Rural Municipality of Wallace Conservation Districts Turtle Mountain Conservation District (Manitoba Agriculture, Food West Souris Conservation District and Rural Initiatives n.d.)
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Component Environmental Description
Freehold – 99% of route Land Ownership Crown – SW 11-5-27 WPM Community Pastures None (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d.) The proposed pipeline will cross six quarter sections where Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation Conservation Lands has conservation easements. Four of these easements are associated with wetlands, but two are (Manitoba Agriculture, Food for the whole quarter section. and Rural Initiatives n.d.) The proposed pipeline will not cross any conservation easements held by Nature Conservancy of Canada or Ducks Unlimited Canada. However, while not an easement, a Ducks Unlimited conservation project will be crossed. Ecological Reserves None (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d.) Provincial Parks or None Recreational Areas (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d.) Wildlife Management Areas None (Manitoba Agriculture, Food Broomhill Wildlife Management Area is ~1.5km east of the proposed project. and Rural Initiatives n.d.) Heritage Resources Manitoba Historical Research Branch Memorandum will be received or resolved prior to pipeline (Historical Resources construction. Branch) First Nations The Canupawakpa Dakota First Nation has two communities within ~15 km of the proposed (Department of Energy, pipeline. Mines and Resources 1994)
3.1 BIOPHYSICAL SETTING
3.1.1 Physiography
The Project is located within the Saskatchewan Plains Division of the Interior Plains Physiographic Region of Canada (Natural Resources Canada 2006). The southwestern corner of Manitoba is described as till plain with rolling to undulating terrain (Nammacher 1960). The landscape of southwestern Manitoba includes numerous wetlands and a few large rivers. The project area is also described physiographically as the Manitoba Uplands (Betcher et al. 1995).
3.1.2 Geology
3.1.2.1 Bedrock
The majority of the proposed pipeline route is underlain by the Riding Mountain Formation, which is part of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (Government of Manitoba 2012k). The Riding Mountain Formation is from the Upper Cretaceous age. Under the majority of the route, the Riding Mountain Formation consists of siliceous and bentonitic shale. A variant of the Riding Mountain Formation consisting of soft grey bentonitic clayey siltstone and shale underlies the northern-most 10 km of the pipeline route.
3.1.2.2 Surficial
Surficial deposits covering the largest area along the pipeline route consist of glacial till (Matile and Keller 2004). Till is comprised of calcareous clay diamicton predominantly derived from Mesozoic shale. Till
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Substantial areas of glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine deposits are present along the pipeline route as well (Matile and Keller 2004). Glaciofluvial sediments are comprised of fine sand, minor gravel, thin silt and clay interbeds up to 75 m thick. These areas are subaqueous outwash fans deposited in Lake Agassiz by meltwater turbidity currents and later moved by wind and waves. Glaciolacustrine sediments are comprised of clay, silt, and minor amounts of sand up to 20 m thick and with low relief. Glaciolacustrine sediments were deposited from suspension in off-shore, deep water in Lake Agassiz. Glaciolacustrine deposits were commonly scoured and sorted by icebergs.
Small areas of alluvial and colluvial deposits are present along creeks and rivers along the proposed route (Matile and Keller 2004). Alluvial sediment consists of gravel, sand, silt, clay, and organic detritus up to 20 m thick and found along channels and floodplains of creek and rivers. Colluvial deposits refer to landslide debris, eroded slopes, and sheet flood deposits associated with steep slopes.
3.1.3 Climate
The climate along the proposed pipeline route is characterized by long, cold winters and short, warm summers (Ecological Stratification Working Group 1995). Average annual temperature is around 3°C, with monthly averages ranging from -17°C to 20°C, depending on the location and time of year (Environment Canada 2012). January and December are the coldest months and July and August are the warmest. Average annual precipitation along the proposed route varies from 467 mm to 478 mm (Environment Canada 2012). Monthly precipitation is highest in June and lowest in February. Snowfall ranges from 112 cm to 125 cm along the route and is greatest in January or March.
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Table 5 Average Monthly and Yearly Precipitation and Temperature (1971 to 2000) for the Project
Distance to Station Station Name Pipeline Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Year Location (km) Average Precipitation (mm) 49° 11’ N, Deloraine 25 19.6 14.3 24.4 33.8 49.9 85.3 67.4 58.5 51.2 33.9 20.6 19.3 478.1 100° 30’ W 49° 11’ N, Pierson 27 22.6 17.9 21.7 31.4 54.7 76.8 67.6 51.8 46.8 32.3 21.9 21.7 467.2 101° 16’ W 49° 50’ N, Virden 22 21.3 17.0 26.7 30.1 49.6 77.2 66.1 61.0 49.7 30.9 22.7 22.1 474.3 100° 57’ W Average Temperature (°C) 49° 11’ N, Deloraine 25 -15.5 -12.2 -4.7 4.9 12.6 17.1 19.5 18.5 12.2 5.4 -4.5 -13.2 3.3 100° 30’ W 49° 11’ N, Pierson 27 -15.9 -11.5 -4.7 4.7 12.3 17.0 19.4 18.6 12.6 5.4 -4.8 -13.0 3.3 101° 16’ W 49° 50’ N, Virden 22 -16.7 -12.2 -5.3 4.2 11.9 16.6 19.0 18.0 11.9 5.2 -5.1 -13.7 2.8 100° 57’ W Source: Environment Canada (2012)
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3.1.4 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Quality
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Manitoba were calculated at 20, 274 kT CO2 equivalents per year in 2009 (Environment Canada 2011, Manitoba Eco Network 2012). Mining/oil and gas extraction were calculated to contribute 132 kT CO2 equivalents and construction 75 kT.
Construction of the Project will contribute GHG emissions from the use of fossil fuels such as diesel fuel and gasoline. This contribution of emissions will occur in the short-term and is anticipated to be less than 1% of Manitoba’s 2009 emissions (Environment Canada 2011). The Project will tie into existing infrastructure and replace an existing pipeline; therefore, emissions during the operation and maintenance of the pipeline will be minimal and likely no greater than currently emitted.
Air quality in the region is considered good for the majority of the time, with occasional values that exceed established thresholds for emission types (e.g., H2S, SO2, particulates) (Manitoba Conservation 2000, MBCWS n.d.). The Project activities will contribute emissions and likely dust particulates to the local area in the short-term.
3.1.5 Soils
The majority of the proposed pipeline is underlain by well to imperfectly drained Black Chernozemic soils. Example Black Chernozemic soil series include Waskada, Two Creeks, Goodlands, Ryerson, Regent, Coatstone, Stanton and Newstead. Black Chernozemic soils are often missing or have small B horizons (Rego Black Chernozems) or have faint to distinct mottling (Gleyed Black Chernozems) or both characteristics (Gleyed Rego Black Chernozems). Various poorly drained Gleysolic soils (e.g., Tilston soil series) occur in depressions and under stream channels along the proposed route. Imperfectly drained Regosolic soils are also present along the proposed pipeline. Rutledge, Plum Creek and Neelin are some of the Regosolic soil series present. Soils along the proposed route are predominantly non-stony and non- saline (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d., Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives 2010, Appendix 2). Soils along the proposed pipeline route will be surveyed to guide construction methods.
3.1.6 Watershed
The Project is located within the Assiniboine River watershed (Manitoba Agriculture, Food, and Rural Initiatives n.d.). Natural drainages and watercourses in the project area flow into the Souris River, a tributary of the Assiniboine River which flows east to Lake Winnipeg. The general drainage follows a west to east pattern (Betcher et al. 1995).
3.1.6.1 Watercourses
Based on the route survey, five named watercourses will be crossed by the proposed pipeline: Waskada Creek, Souris River, Jackson Creek, Stony Creek, and Pipestone Creek (Table 6). In addition, there are four tributaries to these watercourses and Oak Lake, an oxbow to the Souris River, and a number of potential non-defined channel watercourses described as natural drainages which will also be crossed. Aquatic assessments of these watercourses will be completed as part of the environmental surveys to confirm proposed crossing methods and type of watercourse (i.e., defined or non-defined banks). Table 6 outlines the potential watercourses to be crossed and surveyed.
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Table 6 Potential Watercourses to be Crossed by Proposed Penn West Waskada Sales Line 2012/2013
Restricted Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Proposed Pipeline Crossing Proposed Vehicle and Equipment Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Method Crossing Window*
Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 1 Natural drainage NW 30-1-25 WPM 14N 366848 5436767 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 2 Natural drainage SW 31-1-25 WPM 14N 366915 5437379 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 3 Natural drainage NW 31-1-25 WPM 14N 366896 5438603 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible April 1 to HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry or 4 Waskada Creek SW 6-2-25 WPM 14N 366908 5439071 Existing access June 15 frozen to bed Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 5 Natural drainage SE 12-2-26 WPM 14N 366715 5440749 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 6 Natural drainage SE 12-2-26 WPM 14N 366592 5441052 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 7 Man-made drainage SW 13-2-26 WPM 14N 365948 5442436 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 8 Natural drainage NE 14-2-26 WPM 14N 364995 5443659 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 9 Natural drainage SE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 365023 5443947 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 10 Natural drainage SE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 365097 5444069 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 11 Natural drainage NE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 365231 5444713 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 12 Natural drainage NE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 364986 5445204 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 13 Natural drainage SE 26-2-26 WPM 14N 364621 5445827 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 14 Natural drainage NW 26-2-26 WPM 14N 364291 5446465 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 15 Natural drainage NW 26-2-26 WPM 14N 363910 5446879 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible
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Restricted Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Proposed Pipeline Crossing Proposed Vehicle and Equipment Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Method Crossing Window*
Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 16 Natural drainage SE 34-2-26 WPM 14N 363675 5447928 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 17 Natural drainage NE 2-3-26 WPM 14N 363133 5449915 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 18 Natural drainage NE 2-3-26 WPM 14N 363005 5450576 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible April 1 to Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 19 Ditch SE 11-3-26 WPM 14N 362861 5450896 Open cut or HDD June 15 snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 20 Natural drainage NW 11-3-26 WPM 14N 362410 5451722 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 21 Natural drainage SW 14-3-26 WPM 14N 361995 5452613 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 22 Natural drainage SE 15-3-26 WPM 14N 361834 5452877 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 23 Natural drainage NE 15-3-26 WPM 14N 361623 5453225 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 24 Natural drainage NE 15-3-26 WPM 14N 361425 5453552 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 25 Natural drainage SW 22-3-26 WPM 14N 361152 5454250 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 26 Natural drainage NW 22-3-26 WPM 14N 360869 5455544 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible April 1 to 27 Souris River oxbow SW 9-4-26 WPM 14N 358893 5460794 HDD Existing access June 15 April 1 to 28 Souris River SE 8-4-26 WPM 14N 358856 5461353 HDD Existing access June 15 April 1 to 29 Jackson Creek SE 17-4-26 WPM 14N 358335 5462890 HDD Existing access June 15 Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 30 Ditch SW 19-4-26 WPM 14N 356502 5464574 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 31 Natural drainage NE 16-5-27 WPM 14N 350774 5473531 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Unnamed tributary to April 1 to HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry or 32 SE 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350567 5474283 Existing access Stony Creek June 15 frozen to bed
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Restricted Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Proposed Pipeline Crossing Proposed Vehicle and Equipment Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Method Crossing Window*
April 1 to HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry or 33 Stony Creek SE 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350581 5474516 Existing access June 15 frozen to bed Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 34 Natural drainage NE 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350279 5474834 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 35 Natural drainage NW 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350021 5475365 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 36 Natural drainage SW 20-6-27 WPM 14N 348760 5484573 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 37 Natural drainage SE 6-7-27 WPM 14N 346360 5489565 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 38 Natural drainage NE 7-7-27 WPM 14N 345975 5491684 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 39 Natural drainage NE 7-7-27 WPM 14N 345859 5491855 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 40 Natural drainage NW 25-7-28 WPM 14N 343442 5496580 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 41 Natural drainage NW 36-7-28 WPM 14N 343510 5498543 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Unnamed tributary to April 1 to Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 42 NW 1-8-28 WPM 14N 343567 5500316 Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) Pipestone Creek June 15 snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 43 Natural drainage SW 12-8-28 WPM 14N 343869 5501150 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 44 Natural drainage NW 12-8-28 WPM 14N 344048 5501595 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 45 Natural drainage NW 12-8-28 WPM 14N 344115 5502008 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 46 Natural drainage SW 13-8-28 WPM 14N 343986 5502334 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 47 Natural drainage NE 23-8-28 WPM 14N 343471 5505328 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Pipestone Creek April 1 to 48 SW 25-8-28 WPM 14N 343716 5505732 Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) Existing access oxbow/overflow June 15 April 1 to 49 Pipestone Creek SW 25-8-28 WPM 14N 343718 5505845 HDD Existing access June 15
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Restricted Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Proposed Pipeline Crossing Proposed Vehicle and Equipment Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Method Crossing Window*
Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 50 Natural drainage NW 25-8-28 WPM 14N 343739 5506554 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 51 Natural drainage SW 1-9-28 WPM 14N 343823 5509372 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 52 Natural drainage SW 11-9-28 WPM 14N 342335 5510965 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 53 Natural drainage NE 10-9-28 WPM 14N 341757 5511338 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 54 Natural drainage NE 10-9-28 WPM 14N 340784 5511850 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 55 Natural drainage SW 16-9-28 WPM 14N 340064 5512689 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Unnamed tributary to April 1 to HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry or Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 56 NE 28-9-28 WPM 14N 340010 5516845 Oak Lake June 15 frozen to bed snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 57 Natural drainage SE 33-9-28 WPM 14N 340033 5517577 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice bridge or 58 Natural drainage NE 33-9-28 WPM 14N 339726 5517991 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) snow fill if feasible Existing access, or temporary clear span 59 Natural drainage NW 5-10-28 WPM 14N 337931 5520057 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge; ice bridge or snow fill if feasible Unnamed tributary to April 1 to HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry or Existing access, or temporary clear span 60 SW 8-10-28 WPM 14N 337926 5521024 Oak Lake June 15 frozen to bed bridge; ice bridge or snow fill if feasible
*Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) 2009
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3.1.6.2 Wetlands
The project area is located within what is known as the Prairie Pothole region, or Continental Prairie Wetland Region (Biodiversity Institute of Ontario 2008). The region is dominated by mostly marshes and open shallow water created during glaciation in the Pleistocene era. Wetlands on the landscape function as recharge and discharge zones for groundwater and, as a result, are important for groundwater supply. Wetlands also play an important role by trapping and storing sediment, maintaining banks and shores, storing water and energy, recharging aquifers, filtering and buffering water, reducing and dissipating energy, maintaining diversity, and creating primary productivity (Ambrose et al. 2004). The majority of the wetlands within the project area are classified as marshes (Government of Manitoba 2012j, National Wetlands Working Group 1997), many of these have been modified by agricultural activities (e.g., drained, modified to dugouts, or farmed through). These wetlands are typically Class I Ephemeral Pond, Class II Temporary Pond, and Class III Seasonal Pond (Stewart and Kantrud 1971) wetlands. Larger wetlands which retain more water during the growing season are not modified as drastically by agricultural activities.
The Project was routed with the intention of minimizing the impact to wetlands in the region, particularly Class III to Class VI (Seasonal to Permanent Ponds) wetlands. Routing with respect to wetlands is discussed in Section 2.3.3.
Due to the prevalence of wetlands and the limitations associated with constructing a pipeline which will maintain its integrity resulted in a number of wetlands being crossed by the proposed pipeline route. A wetland survey and assessment will be completed in spring/summer 2012 to confirm the class and function of the wetlands originally identified from the survey plan and desktop review. In addition, wildlife surveys will be completed along the proposed route and will include surveying wetlands. The results of the surveys will be submitted to the Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch and MBCWS. Appendix 3 lists the wetlands which will be assessed and the tentative class and potential crossing method (if applicable) to be used.
3.1.6.3 Groundwater
The southern portion of the Project, south of the Souris River, is situated in a shale bedrock aquifer, which is the Odanah Member of Cretaceous Pierre Shale Formation. The remaining portion of the Project is situated where there is no bedrock aquifer less than 150 m from the ground surface. Sand and gravel aquifers include areas with “very few widely scattered minor sand and gravel aquifers” from 30-1-25 WPM (battery site) to 22-3-26 WPM and from 32-5-27 WPM to the Cromer facility. From 22-3-26 WPM to 25-4-27 WPM there is “thick and extensive unconfined sand and gravel” and from 25-4-27 WPM to 32-5-27 WPM lenses of sand and gravel (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d.). Small portions of the Project will cross the Oak Lake Aquifer. The aquifer is shallow and unconfined and an important source of water for residents in southwestern Manitoba (Oak Lake Aquifer Management Plan, Round Table 2000).
Betcher et al. (1995) postulated that recharge of the Odanah Shale Aquifer is likely “upward and downward leakage of water from the surrounding low permeability materials with local focused discharge in outcrop areas”.
In the Odanah Shale Aquifer, water quality is quite variable (i.e., 500 mg/L to 9,000 mg/L TDS) with higher TDS values at greater depths. The common groundwater types include sodium-calcium-sulphate- chlorine-bicarbonate and calcium-magnesium-sodium-bicarbonate-sulphate. Associated with this aquifer
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3.1.7 Aquatic Resources
In the Province of Manitoba it is the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and MBCWS, Water Stewardship Division that regulate works in water bodies. Fisheries resources are protected under DFO’s Federal Fisheries Act and its province-specific Operational Statements (OS - 2009). All streams are subject to protection under the provincial Rivers and Streams Act. The Environment Act governed by MBCWS will also delegate licenses for development projects that have the potential to negatively impact the environment, which include pipeline installations crossing a water body. Stream crossings in Manitoba must follow the Manitoba Stream Crossing Guidelines for the Protection of Fish and Fish Habitat (DFO and Department of Natural Resources (DNR) 1996).
The DFO Manitoba OS for Timing Windows includes lists of common Manitoba fish species sorted according to their spawning periods (DFO 2009). There are two species of common spring spawners, northern pike (Esox lucius) and white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) that are found in the Souris River Basin. Forage species including brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans), ninespine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius), longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae), black bullhead (Ictalurus melas), and other minnow species are also found in the Souris River Basin. All water bodies crossed by the Project are included within DFO’s Southern Manitoba Timing Window of April 1 to June 15 according to the two spring- spawning fish species. No work is allowed below the ordinary high water mark during these restricted time periods without project-specific DFO review.
The Stream Crossing Guidelines have been incorporated into the Project route design. Aquatic assessments will be conducted by a qualified aquatic environmental specialist (QAES) in order to evaluate the quality of fish habitat upstream, downstream and at each proposed crossing location. Habitat quality will be determined according to spawning, rearing and overwintering habitat present as well as migration potential. DFO has been notified and consulted with regards to the Project and their recommendations have been included in the planning stages and within the EPP (Part B).
3.1.8 Vegetation
The Project is located within the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion of Canada, which is characterized as an intermediary zone between boreal forest and prairie grasslands extending from Alberta to Manitoba. This ecoregion is now primarily highly productive cultivated lands. Where originally trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) and mixed shrubs dominated mesic sites, and grasslands and oak (Quercus macrocarpa) groves occupied drier sites, cultivation of cereal and oil-seed crops has removed the majority of this type of vegetation (Ecological Stratification Working Group 1995).
Similar to the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion as a whole, the majority of the project area is cultivated land. Table 7 provides a list of quarter sections with native parkland habitat excluding wetlands which will be crossed by the proposed pipeline. These uncultivated quarter sections will be surveyed for rare plant and invasive plant/weed species (see Sections 3.7.1 and 3.7.2). Quarter sections cultivated for annual crops will not be surveyed for weeds because cultivation generally includes weed control. However, quarter sections which are cultivated for hay or seeded to pasture will be surveyed for weeds since weed control may or may not be conducted by the landowner.
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Table 7 Uncultivated Quarter Sections to be Crossed by the Project
Land Use Legal Land Location Description
Seeded Pasture SW 27-3-26 WPM Modified Pasture/Riparian NE 28-3-26 WPM Watercourse/drainage through quarter section Riparian SE 8-4-26 WPM Souris River Riparian Forest Native Prairie SE 17-4-26 WPM Jackson Creek Upland Trees SW 19-4-26 WPM Stand of isolated trees Seeded Pasture NW 25-4-27 WPM Modified Seeded Pasture SE 35-4-27 WPM Small area with dugout Trees NE 35-4-27 WPM Isolated stand of trees Trees SE 10-5-27 WPM Isolated stand of trees Seeded Pasture NE 10-5-27 WPM Native? Seeded Pasture NW 10-5-27 WPM Modified; isolated stand of trees Native prairie/Pasture SW 11-5-27 WPM Leased; Crown-owned Seeded Pasture SW 15-5-27 WPM Modified Seeded Pasture SE 16-5-27 WPM Modified Seeded Pasture NE 16-5-27 WPM Modified Native Prairie/ SE 21-5-27 WPM Stony Creek Pasture/Riparian Native Prairie/Pasture NE 21-5-27 WPM Modified Native prairie/Pasture NW 21-5-27 WPM Modified Seeded Pasture NW 24-7-28 WPM Modified Seeded Pasture/Trees NW 25-7-28 WPM Portion of quarter section pasture; isolated stands of trees Seeded Pasture NW 36-7-28 WPM Portion of quarter section pasture; low topography Seeded Pasture SW 24-8-28 WPM Modified Native Prairie/Pasture NW 24-8-28 WPM Slightly modified Native Prairie/Pasture NE 23-8-28 WPM Native Native Prairie/Pasture SE 26-8-28 WPM Native prairie/shrubland Native Prairie/Pasture SW 25-8-28 WPM Shrubland/wetlands Riparian SW 25-8-28 WPM Pipestone Creek Riparian NE 28-9-28 WPM Modified Riparian SW 8-10-28 WPM Modified
3.1.8.1 Non-native and Invasive Species
Non-native or exotic plant species refer to those species not originally found in Manitoba at the time of European contact. Many non-native species are invasive in native habitats, meaning they can invade native plant communities and displace native plant species. All non-native invasive plant species observed along the pipeline will be noted while in the field. Particular attention will be given to plant species listed in the Manitoba Noxious Weed Act. Under the Act, landowners and occupants are required “to prevent the growth, ripening and scattering of (noxious) weeds or weed seeds” on their land or the land they work on. The complete list of noxious weeds in Manitoba is provided in Appendix 4.
Noxious weed species observed in the area during previous surveys along the existing Penn West pipeline (Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. 2008, 2010) included. quackgrass (Agropyron repens), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus), common burdock (Arctium minus), absinth (Artemisia
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Consultation with the rural municipalities revealed a number of weed species which are of particular concern in the Project area. These species include leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula), Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus), downy brome (Bromus tectorum), scentless chamomile (Tripleurospermum inodorum), knapweeds (Centaurea spp.), bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), toadflax (Linaria spp.), milkweed (Asclepias spp.), and red bartsia (Odontites serotina) (Tingey pers. comm., Davies pers. comm., Szoradi pers. comm.).
3.1.8.2 Rare Plant Species
Rare plant species are tracked provincially by the Manitoba Conservation Data Centre (MBCDC). The MBCDC provides provincial (and national) ranks for each species. No legal protection is provided to rare species on the MBCDC list. However, rare species are candidates for legal protection as either Endangered or Threatened under the Manitoba Endangered Species Act. Species included in the Act are shown in Table 8. Five species in Table 8 are known to exist in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion (Government of Manitoba 2012a): small white lady’s-slipper (Cypripedium candidum), buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides), hackberry (Celtis occidentalis), hairy prairie-clover (Dalea villosa), and western spiderwort (Tradescantia occidentalis).
Table 8 Plant Species Listed as Endangered or Threatened on the Manitoba Endangered Species Act
Manitoba CDC Ranking Common Name Scientific Name S Rank G Rank
Endangered Great Plains Ladies'-Tresses Spiranthes magnicamporum S1S2 G4 Small White Lady's-slipper* Cypripedium candidum S2 G4 Western Prairie Fringed-orchid Platanthera praeclara S1 G3 Threatened Buffalograss* Buchloë dactyloides S1 G4G5 Culver’s-root Veronicastrum virginicum S1 G4 Hackberry* Celtis occidentalis S1 G5 Hairy Prairie-Clover* Dalea villosa S2S3 G5T5 Riddell’s Goldenrod Solidago riddellii S2 G5 Western Silvery Aster Symphyotrichum sericeum S2 G5 Western Spiderwort* Tradescantia occidentalis S1 G5
* Species occurring in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion (Government of Manitoba 2012)
Rare plant species are also tracked on a national scale by the Committee on Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). This agency then makes recommendations whether to give a species legal protection under the Species at Risk Act (SARA). Species given legal protection are listed in Schedule 1 of SARA. Ten plant species listed on the SARA occur in Manitoba (Table 9). Six of these
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Table 9 Schedule 1 Rare Plant Species Listed on the Species at Risk Act that occur in Manitoba
Common Name Scientific Name COSEWIC Status SARA Status
Buffalograss* Bouteloua dactyloides Special Concern Threatened Gattinger's Agalinis Agalinis gattingeri Endangered Endangered Hairy Prairie-clover* Dalea villosa Special Concern Threatened Riddell's Goldenrod Solidago riddellii Special Concern Special Concern Rough Purple False-foxglove* Agalinis aspera Endangered Endangered Small White Lady's-slipper* Cypripedium candidum Endangered Endangered Smooth Goosefoot* Chenopodium subglabrum Threatened Threatened Western Prairie Fringed-orchid Platanthera praeclara Endangered Endangered Western Silvery Aster Symphyotrichum sericeum Threatened Threatened Western Spiderwort* Tradescantia occidentalis Threatened Threatened
* Species occurring in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion (Government of Manitoba 2012)
To determine the presence of rare plants along the proposed pipeline route, one or two field visits will be conducted. A rare plant survey will be conducted in June and if during this survey there is apparent potential for late-flowering plants to occur, another survey will be conducted in August. Habitat requirements and key identifying characteristics of the rare species with potential to occur along the proposed pipeline route will be reviewed prior to field visits. Results from the survey(s) will be submitted to MBCDC and a supplemental report submitted to the Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch.
A complete list of rare plant species previously observed within the proposed pipeline route area is provided in Table 11 (MBCDC 2012a). Rare plant species and communities known to occur in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion are listed in Appendix 5. A total of 126 rare vascular plant species and five rare plant communities have been found in this subregion to date.
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Table 10 Descriptions of Potential Rare Plant Species along the Proposed Pipeline Route
Recovery Plan Common Scientific 1 1 Flowering 1 Habitat Preference Associated Species 1 Limiting Factor(s) Completed Name Name Time (Y/N) Dry, shallow coulee bottoms, lower coulee slopes, Blue grama, needle-and-thread, Growing season Bouchloe and mid-slope benches. Also occurs in adjacent June to Buffalograss western wheat grass, June grass, length, northern limit Yes dactyloides upland in slight depressions and next to mid-July Kentucky bluegrass, gumweed of range disturbances such as cattle trails. Needle-and-thread, sand grass, Habitat loss, dune Hairy Prairie- Actively shifting or partially stabilized sand dunes July to late Dalea villosa sand bluestem, pasture stabilization, leafy In prep. clover and sand blowouts August sagewort, prairie sagewort spurge invasion Big bluestem, little bluestem, Specialized habitat Rough Purple Low wet meadows with sparse vegetation and bluegrasses, low goldenrod, July to early Agalinis aspera requirement, No False-foxglove exposed, basic soils. silverleaf psoralea, purple prairie- August agriculture clover Historically, it occurred in open tall grass prairie, dry-mesic hillsides, low calcareous grassland, and calcareous fens. Today, in Manitoba it occurs in Encroachment of Small White Cypripedium grassland in forest-grassland complexes as well as April to woody vegetation, Unknown 2 No Lady's-slipper candidum grassland on south-facing slopes with calcareous July invasive species, sandy loam soil. In Ontario it grows on the edge of plant collection2 brush, in marshes and marshy limestone meadows, and in grassland.2 Habitat loss, dune Mixedgrass prairie with sandy soil. South- or west- Northern wheat grass, sand stabil-ization, invasive Smooth Chenopodium June to facing eroded slopes and at the edge of stabilizing grass, Canada wild rye, sand species, oil and gas No Goosefoot subglabrum August sand dunes and blowouts. dropseed, Indian rice grass development, recreational activity Overgrazing, dune stabil-ization, Sand grass, choke cherry, poison Partially stabilized sand dune ridges. More locally it Late June invasion by leafy Western Tradescantia ivy, common wild rose, creeping is often found on steep, south-facing slopes or in to mid- spurge, habitat loss, In prep. Spiderwort occidentalis juniper, pasture sagewort, silver blowouts. August oil and gas sagebrush development, recreational activity 1 Sources: Environment Canada (2007), COSEWIC (2006a, b), Smith (2002, 1998). 2 Additional sources for small white lady`s-slipper: Government of Canada (2011a), Flora of North American Editorial Committee (2003)
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Table 11 Rare Plant Species Observed within 1 km of the Proposed Pipeline Route*
MB CDC 2 3 4 Scientific Name Common Name 1 MB ESA COSEWIC SARA S Rank Arnica fulgens Shining Arnica S2 N/A N/A N/A Asclepias verticillata Whorled Milkweed S3 N/A N/A N/A Astragalus giliviflorus Threeleaf Milkvetch S1 N/A N/A N/A Astragalus pectinatus Narrow-leaved Milkvetch S2S3 N/A N/A N/A Boltonia asteroides var. recognita White Boltonia S2S3 N/A N/A N/A Bouteloua curtipendula Side-oats Grama S2S3 N/A N/A N/A Calamagrostis montanensis Plains Reed Grass S3 N/A N/A N/A Carex bicknellii Bicknell's Sedge SH N/A N/A N/A Clematis virginiana Virgin's-bower S2 N/A N/A N/A Dichanthelium wilcoxianum Sand Millet S2 N/A N/A N/A Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann's Spike-rush S1 N/A N/A N/A Galium aparine Cleavers SU N/A N/A N/A Tuberous-rooted Helianthus nuttallii ssp. rydbergii S2 N/A N/A N/A Sunflower Nassella viridula Green Needle Grass S3 N/A N/A N/A Oxytropis sericea Early Yellow Locoweed S1 N/A N/A N/A Thermopsis rhombifolia Golden Bean S2 N/A N/A N/A
* Source: MBCDC (2012) 1 Source: Government of Manitoba (2012a) 2 Source: Government of Manitoba (n.d.b.) 3 Source: COSEWIC (2011) 4 Source: Government of Canada (2011)
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3.1.9 Wildlife
As noted, the Project is located within the Aspen Parkland region of south-western Manitoba, in an area that has been highly modified from native habitat to agricultural land (Government of Manitoba 2012a). A few remnant patches of native prairie will be crossed by the proposed pipeline project. Native grassland quarters, along with other lands with permanent cover will be assessed for wildlife usage in a spring wildlife survey in 2012.
The project is located near the Broomhill Wildlife Management Area. Originally established to protect mixed-prairie grassland for sharp-tailed grouse, it is now a refuge for Baird’s sparrow and loggerhead shrike (Manitoba Conservation n.d.). This area will not be crossed by the proposed pipeline
No wetlands within the List of Wetlands of International Importance (Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands 2012) will be traversed by the proposed pipeline project. No migratory bird sanctuaries will be crossed by the pipeline route (Natural Resources Canada n.d.).
The low-relief and little cover of the area are naturally non-conducive to ungulates and are noted to have moderately severe or severely limiting factors to ungulate production (including aridity and topography) (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 1970a). Additionally, the non-permanence of wetlands within this region leads to moderate to severe limitations to production of waterfowl (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 1970a). The project area falls within Game Hunting Area 28, Game Bird Hunting Zone 4, Deer Zone E, and the Open Area Zone 1 Trapping area (Manitoba Conservation 2011a).
Wildlife species of conservation concern are noted provincially by the MBCDC. The MBCDC provides provincial (and national) ranks for each species, and notes the rank of breeding populations of migratory species. No legal protection is provided to rare species on the MBCDC list. However, rare species are candidates for legal protection as either Endangered or Threatened under the Manitoba Endangered Species Act. Wildlife species with conservation status that have potential to occur in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion of Manitoba are shown in Table 12 (Government of Manitoba n.d.a.).
Five avian and one amphibian species listed provincially as either Endangered or Threatened under the Manitoba Endangered Species Act are suspected to occur in the Project area: Baird’s sparrow, Sprague’s pipit, burrowing owl, ferruginous hawk, loggerhead shrike and the great plains toad (MBCDC 2012, Government of Manitoba 2012). Detailed descriptions of these species and other species of provincial concern likely to be found within the project area can be found in Table 13. Snake hibernacula are also found in proximity to the route (MBCDC 2012).
It is known that construction during the breeding season can have unique impacts on bird species. For this reason, Environment Canada has recommended setback limits for development. Medium diameter pipeline construction is listed as a High Impact activity with regards to the disturbance it may cause to nesting birds and breeding amphibians (Environment Canada 2009a). The recommended setbacks listed in Table 13 are those determined for Saskatchewan, where available for the species of concern. In the event an active bird nest is discovered of a species that does not have a specific setback distance, further discussion will be needed with Environment Canada to set an appropriate distance.
Best management practices that may be implemented to mitigate construction activities during breeding season include pre-development inventories and post construction monitoring for a period of two years if construction occurs within recommended setback limits.
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The wildlife survey for the proposed project will consist of:
An inquiry of Manitoba Conservation for the spatial distribution of species of concern that could potentially occur in the project area; Desktop site selection based on aerial photography of the project area; A breeding bird point count survey, and a general ground search targeting avian species of concern and potential amphibian breeding habitats.
Results of the wildlife survey will be submitted to the MBCDC and a wildlife report will be submitted as a supplement to the environmental assessment report to Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch and MBCWS.
Table 12 Occurrence of Species of Conservation Concern within the Aspen Parkland Subregion of Manitoba
Global Provincial 2 COSEWIC 4 Common Name Scientific Name 1 1 MB ESA 3 SARA Rank Rank Status Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii G5 S4S5B - Not at Risk - Aechmophorus Western Grebe G5 S4B - Not listed - occidentalis Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii G4 S1B Endangered Not at Risk - Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum G5 S2B - Not listed - Threatened Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii G4 S2B Threatened Threatened Schedule 1 Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias G5 S4S5B - Not listed - Special Special Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus G5 S2S3B - Concern Concern Schedule 3 Endangered Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia G4 S1B Endangered Endangered Schedule 1 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis G5 S1S2B - Not listed - Special Threatened Great Plains Toad Bufo cognatus G5 S2 Threatened Concern Schedule 1 Threatened Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis G4 S2B Threatened Threatened Schedule 1 Lark Bunting Calamospiza melanocorys G5 S1B - Not listed - Chestnut-collared No status Calcarius ornatus G5 S1S2B - Threatened Longspur No Schedule Threatened Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica G5 S2B - Threatened Schedule 1 Endangered Piping Plover Charadrius melodus G3 S1B Endangered Endangered Schedule 1 Special Common Snapping Chelydra serpentina serpe G5T5 S3 - Not listed Concer Turtle ntina Schedule 3 Black Tern Chlidonias niger G4 S4B - Not at Risk - Threatened Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor G5 S3B - Threatened Schedule 1 Threatened Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi G4 S3S4B - Threatened Schedule 1 Special Coturnicops Special Yellow Rail G4 S3S4B - Concern noveboracensis Concern Schedule 1 Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator G5 S1S2B - Not at Risk - Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus G5 S4B - Threatened No status
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Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii G5 S2S3B - Not listed - Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris G5 S3B - Not listed - Endangered Northern Prairie Skink Eumeces septentrionalis G5 S1 - Endangered Schedule 1 Western Hognose Heterodon nasicus G5 S1S2 - Not listed - Snake Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica G5 S4B - Threatened No status Lanius ludovicianus Threatened Loggerhead Shrike G4T4 S2B Endangered Threatened excubitorides Schedule 1 Red-headed Melanerpes Threatened G5 S2B - Threatened Woodpecker erythrocephalus Schedule 1 Long-tailed Weasel Mustela frenata G5 S3 - Not at Risk - Black-crowned Nycticorax nycticorax G5 S3S4B - Not listed - Night-heron Mule or Black- Odocoileus hemionus G5 S3 Threatened Not listed - tailed Deer Special No status Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus G5 S3B - Concern No Schedule Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis G5 S4S5B - Not listed - Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya G5 S2S3B - Not listed - Plains Spadefoot Toad Spea bombifrons G5 S2S3 - Not at Risk - Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri G5 S4B - Data Deficient Northern Redbelly Storeria occipitomaculata G5 S3S4 - Not listed Snake Barred Owl Strix varia G5 S3S4 - Not listed Western Plains Garter Thamnophis radix haydenii G5T5 S4 - Not listed Snake Threatened Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera G4 S3B - Threatened Schedule 1 Threatened Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis G5 S4B - Threatened Schedule 1 1 Source: Government of Manitoba (n.d.a.c.) Species are evaluated and ranked based on their range-wide status (global-G) and their province-wide (subnational – S) status with a numerical rank ranging from 1 (very rare) to 5 (demonstrably secure). 1 Very rare throughout its range or in the province (5 or fewer occurrences, or very few remaining individuals). May be especially vulnerable to extirpation. 2 Rare throughout its range or in the province (6 to 20 occurrences). May be vulnerable to extirpation. 3 Uncommon throughout its range or in the province (21 to 100 occurrences). 4 Widespread, abundant, and apparently secure throughout its range or in the province, with many occurrences, but the species is of long-term concern (> 100 occurrences). 5 Demonstrably widespread, abundant, and secure throughout its range or in the province, and essentially impossible to eradicate under present conditions. B Breeding: refers to the breeding population of a migratory species 2 Source: Manitoba Endangered Species Act (Government of Manitoba n.d.a.) 3 Source: COSEWIC (2011b). 4 Source: Species at Risk Act (Government of Canada 2011) Extirpated Species that no longer exist in the wild in Canada, but exist elsewhere in the wild. Endangered Species facing imminent extirpation or extinction. Threatened Species that is likely to become an endangered species if nothing is done to reverse the factors leading to its extirpation or extinction. Species of Species that may become threatened or endangered because of biological characteristics or Special concern identified threats.
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Table 13 Description of Species of Concern within the greater Project Area*
Setback Common 1 1 1 Scientific Name Habitat Species Description Limiting Factor(s) Distance Name 2 (m) Birds Small, inconspicuous ground-nesting sparrow, often lays Prairie grasslands, once found four to six eggs and may renest or double brood Continued loss and degradation of throughout southern Manitoba, between late May and early August. Incubation lasts 11 native grassland habitat and decline in Baird’s Ammodramus 4 now in extreme southwest corner to 12 days, fledglings often leave the nest within 10 days nesting range. Insecticide use may 50 Sparrow bairdii of the province in mixed grass of hatching, and start flying within 14 days. Food contribute to mortality as young and prairie and lightly grazed habitat. consists of insects and grass seeds. Most begin adults feed on insects. migration in August and overwinter in northern Mexico. Originally nested in tall-grass Medium-sized ground-nesting passerine, looks similar to prairie throughout mid-western Continued loss and degradation of a sparrow. Adults return in mid-May, to establish US and southern Canada. native habitat, mortality from agricultural Dolichonyx territories for nesting. Each clutch typically contains 3-7 4 Bobolink Range has decreased due to operations, and pesticide exposure 200 oryzivorus eggs and fledglings will leave the nest within about three agriculture and they will now nest have led to severe declines in weeks of hatching. Insects make up most of its diet. in forage crops and remnant tall- population. Winters in South America, east of the Andes. grass prairie. Small grassland owl that nests underground in abandoned ground squirrel, badger or fox burrows. Prey Continued loss and degradation of Prairie grasslands. Nesting sites, items include insects, small rodents and birds, with most native grassland habitat and decline in Athene including all that have been foraging done at dawn and dusk. Owls return to Burrowing Owl nesting range has resulted in reduced 500 active within the past two years, Manitoba in May, 4-12 eggs are laid and incubated for cunicularia nesting success and increased mortality are protected under federal law. about four weeks. At seven to eight weeks young begin of young. to hunt for themselves. Migration to the southern US and Mexico occurs in September. Loss of breeding habitat, particularly Medium-sized ground-nesting songbird. Adults arrive in Short and mixed-grass prairie due to energy sector developments and early to mid-May, females excavate the nest and lay Chestnut- regions of the northern Great agricultural activity. Idle grassland is Calcarius three to five eggs which are incubated for 10 to 12 days. 4 collared Long- Plains. Typically breeds in unsuitable for breeding and birds 200 ornatus Young will fledge after 10 days and form flocks of spur recently grazed or mowed arid require patches of more than a few immature birds by late June. Overwintering occurs in the grass prairie. hectares for territory. It may be southern U.S. and northern Mexico. extirpated in south-central Manitoba The largest North American soaring hawk. Light Open areas of native prairie Continued loss and degradation of underside has distinctive V-shaped dark marking grasslands with scattered trees native grassland habitat. Decline in against light underpants. Pairs generally return by late and shrubs. Generally nests are number of main prey item (Richardson’s Ferruginous Buteo March to the same nest site year after year. Three to found in isolated trees or other ground squirrel). Anthropogenic 1000 Hawk five eggs are laid in late April and are incubated by the regalis elevated structure. Artificial disturbance can cause pair to abandon female for 30 days. Young remain in the nest for six to nesting platforms have increased the nest, resulting in egg/fledgling eight weeks. Migration to the southern US and Mexico number of safe nesting sites. mortality. begins in September. Grasshopper Ammodramus Open grasslands and native Small brown ground-nesting sparrow. Nest often has a Habitat loss, degradation and 504
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Setback Common 1 1 1 Scientific Name Habitat Species Description Limiting Factor(s) Distance Name 2 (m) Sparrow savannarum parklands of North America. grass dome above. Song is reminiscent of the sound of fragmentation throughout its range. Not grasshoppers, and grasshoppers are its main prey item. common in Manitoba. Range is throughout North Habitat loss, degradation and Eremophila America in a variety of habitats Small, brown, ground-nesting songbird of open country. 4 Horned Lark fragmentation throughout its range. Not 50 alpestris where bare ground and short Primarily feeds on seeds. common in Manitoba. grasses are found. Black sparrow (breeding, brown when non-breeding) of Grasslands of the Great Plains of the Great Plains. Ground nest is generally found near a Habitat loss, degradation and Calamospiza 4 Lark Bunting the US and southern Prairie shade-providing plant/shrub. They feed on insects, fragmentation throughout its range. Not 50 melanocorys provinces. seeds, grains and some fruit. Overwinter in southern common in Manitoba. US and northern Mexico. Prairie songbird, slightly smaller than a robin. A striking Loss of native grassland and parkland black facial mask covers its eyes. It is an ambush habitat for agricultural use, in Grasslands and aspen parklands, predator that perches on treetops and wires. It is known conjunction with pesticide use has have Lanius breeds throughout North Loggerhead to impale prey on thorns or barbed wire. They nest in led to major declines throughout its udovicianus America. Subspecies will 400 Shrike shrubs in open areas, with the female laying one egg range. Collisions with vehicles are interbreed in areas of range excubitorides per day for an average of 5-6 eggs. They primarily feed another major cause of mortality. overlap. on insects and small birds, frogs and rodents. Migration Overall reproductive success in to the southern US occurs in late summer. Manitoba has been low. Loss of habitat due to cultivation, Small ground-nesting songbird with non-descript brown Endemic to the Canadian Prairies overgrazing and the reduction in fire plumage. Rarely seen, these birds are detected by their and the northern Great Plains of frequency. High mortality in nestlings Sprague’s Anthus song. Females nest between late May and early July, the US. It nests in native and fledglings, and Brown-Headed 350 Pipit with less than one in three nests successful. They feed spragueii grasslands of intermediate Cowbird parasitism contribute to low primarily on insects. Overwinters in southern U.S. and height. nest success. Pesticide use likely also northern Mexico. has a negative impact. Small olive brown flycatcher, very similar to alder Habitat loss and alteration due to road Typically occupies relatively dry, flycatcher. Nests in bushes or small trees on the expansion, wetland drainage and Willow Empidonax 4 upland sites dominated by margins of wetlands. Three to four eggs are laid and clearing of rail allowances. It can be a 50 Flycatcher traillii shrubs, especially willows. incubated for about 14 days. Fledging occurs after about victim of cowbird parasitism. Not two weeks. It feeds on insects captured in the air. common in Manitoba. Breeding range is from the One of the smallest rails, buffy body is laterally Loss and degradation of wetland habitat Northwest Territories to the north compressed with long toes for travelling through aquatic due to agriculture and human Coturnicops eastern US. Typically found in Yellow Rail vegetation. Ground nesting bird which uses a variety of development. Wintering range habitat is 350 noveboracensis marshes dominated by sedges, damp habitats including river valleys and salt marshes. severely restricted to a narrow band of true grasses and rushes, with no Adults eat invertebrates and seeds. coastline in the south eastern U.S. standing water Amphibians Relatively large toad, grayish yellow to light brown or Loss of temporary wetlands used for Grasslands and dry brushy areas 400 from green in colour. Toads breed following warm heavy breeding. Tadpoles experience high of the central plains, it breeds in breeding Great Plains rains in late spring and early summer, and may not mortality due to predation and pools Bufo cognatus ephemeral to seasonal wetlands ponds and Toad breed in dry years. Eggs are laid, fertilized and drying up prior to metamorphosis. High on native prairie. Burrow into soft wintering deposited on debris and vegetation near the bottom of traffic mortality, especially near breeding ground during dry or cold periods. sites. the pool. Hatching occurs in three to five days. Tadpole wetlands. Traffic noise can also change
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Setback Common 1 1 1 Scientific Name Habitat Species Description Limiting Factor(s) Distance Name 2 (m) transformation is temperature dependent and occurs 18- call behaviour, and in effect, mating 49 days after hatching. behaviour. Pesticide and herbicide application may increase mortality, as insects are a key food source. Plump toad with short limbs and a pronounced bony lump between the eyes. They have a wedge-shaped 100 from projection (the “spade”) on the inside of their hind feet Alteration and destruction of breeding breeding Breeding occurs in Class III used for digging their burrows. They use their “spade” to Plains habitat due to agriculture and energy ponds and Spea wetlands in arid and semi-arid tunnel backwards until they find moisture. Breeding Spadefoot resource activity. High traffic mortality, adjacent bombifrons regions of native short-grass occurs immediately after summer rains allow toads to Toad especially when migrating to breeding native prairie. emerge from their burrows. Eggs are laid in clusters wetlands. upland attached to vegetation just below the water surface and 3 area . will hatch within two days. Tadpoles will transform to toads within 21-40 of hatching. * Source: MBCDC (2012) 1 Source: Government of Manitoba (n.d.b.), Alberta Sustainable Resource Development (2011), COSEWIC (2011), Poole and Gill (2002) 2 Source: Environment Canada (2009) 3 Source: Arsenault (2009) 4 Source: Gregoire (pers. comm.)
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3.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SETTING
3.2.1 Land Use and Resource Use
3.2.1.1 Communities and Municipalities
The Project is located within the Rural Municipalities of Brenda, Arthur, Albert, Pipestone, and Wallace, and within the Turtle Mountain and West Souris Conservation Districts (Figure 1). The Project is within proximity of one town, one village, and numerous hamlets (Table 14). Based on general population numbers for these rural municipalities and communities the approximate population of the greater region surrounding the Project is approximately 5,300.
Table 14 Communities in Proximity to the Project
Proximity to Municipality 1, 2 Community Location Population Project Type Rural Municipality of Brenda 30-1-25 WPM to 6-2-25 WP Traversed R.M. 549 Waskada 5/6-2-25 WPM ~1 km Village 199 Rural Municipality of Arthur 1-2-26 WPM to 35-4-27 WPM Traversed R.M. 440 Melita 6-4-26 to 1-4-27 WPM ~3.5 km Town 1051 Rural Municipality of Albert 3-5-27 WPM to 31-6-27 WPM Traversed R.M. 339 Rural Municipality of Pipestone 5-7-27 WPM to 33-9-27 WPM Traversed R.M. 1419 Reston 8/9-7-27 WPM ~1.5 km Hamlet 550 Pipestone 9-7-26 WPM ~10 km Hamlet N/A Canupawakpa Dakota First 33,34,35-7-26 WPM and ~15 km I.R. 611 Nation and Oak Lake Reserves 34-8-26 WPM; 2/3/4-8-26 WPM Cromer 9-9-28 WPM ~1.5 km Hamlet N/A Rural Municipality of Wallace 5-10-28 WPM to 17-10-28 WPM Traversed R.M. 1507 Virden 22-10-26 WPM ~24 km Town 3114
1 Source: Manitoba Bureau of Statistics (2008a-h) 2 Source: Town of Virden (2007)
The communities of Waskada, Melita, Reston, and Virden provide the majority of services for their respective rural municipalities. These communities provide medical, emergency, and waste/landfill services, as well as accommodation and other tourist services. The potential effects of the Project on these communities with respect to human health, infrastructure, services and economy are discussed in Section 4.
3.2.1.2 Infrastructure
The Project will traverse a number of types of infrastructure, both residential and commercial. The types of infrastructure which will be crossed include:
Paved Roads (Highways) Low to High Grade Gravel Roads Undeveloped Road Allowances Railway Lines(CPR, current and abandoned) Water Lines Hydro Lines
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Telecommunication Lines Pipelines
Detailed crossings are located in the survey plans for the Project. Crossing agreements and notifications are necessary prior to Project commencement.
3.2.1.3 Land Use
The Project is located within the Melita and Virden Agricultural Districts of the Southwest Region (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiative n.d.). The majority of the privately-owned land in the Project area is used for crop and livestock production. Private land not cultivated is generally used for livestock grazing. There are some delegated community pastures in the Rural Municipality of Wallace, but no community pastures are within proximity of the Project. There is Crown-owned land within proximity to the Project either used as grazing lease or designated as protected lands. The Project does cross one quarter section under grazing lease, but no protected areas (see Section 3.2.2).
The Project is located in an area with active oil and gas exploration and development. Appendix 1 displays oil and gas wells located in proximity to the Project. There are also numerous pipelines which traverse the region. The Enbridge Cromer facility at the north end of oil pipeline is within the Daly Sinclair oilfield boundary (Manitoba Innovation, Energy and Mines 2012). The Penn West battery site at the south end of pipeline is located within the Waskada oilfield boundary.
There are two abandoned mines about 17 km east of the south end of the Project. Both mines have moderate hazard levels based upon their potential impacts on human health and safety and the environment (AMEC 2007). The majority of the region has had its potash rights withdrawn, except for a portion of land surrounding the northern section of the Project where a pending potash exploration permit is held by the Western Potash Corporation (Manitoba Innovation, Energy and Mines 2012). The Project is positioned in Forest Management Unit 6, but does not hold any Forest Management Licences (FML) (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d.).
As mentioned in Section 3.1.9, the Project is located within various hunting zones. The project area is of particular interest for game bird hunting (i.e., upland birds and waterfowl) in the fall. The Project area crosses primarily privately-owned land; and therefore, hunting activities in the area are generally only done with landowner permission.
Wildlife viewing is another recreational activity undertaken in the area. Manitoba’s Grassland Birding Trail, which consists of a series of recommended driving routes and viewing locations, is situated in the region from Pierson, north through Melita and onto Broomhill. The Birding Trail displays the popularity of this recreational activity in the area (Manitoba Conservation 2011b). The majority of wildlife viewing, particularly birds, is done in the spring and summer coinciding with breeding, but may also occur during the fall to view migration.
3.2.2 Protected and Conservation Areas
The Project does not cross any protected areas such as federal or provincial parks, ecological reserves, recreation areas, or special conservation areas (Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives n.d.). However, the region does have conservation easements held by and land owned by the Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation (MHHC), the Nature Conservancy of Canada (NCC), Ducks Unlimited Canada (DUC), and the Manitoba Naturalists Society.
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The Project is proposed to route through conservation easements managed by the MHHC near the northern end of the pipeline. The MHHC is directed by the Minister of Conservation and Water Stewardship and develops stewardship programs focused on conserving, restoring and enhancing private lands in Manitoba (MHHC n.d.). The route will cross five quarter sections, each of which has a conservation easement for wetlands on the property. The pipeline will also cross two quarter sections, which have conservation easements applied to the native prairie in the entire quarter section. In consultation with MHHC, Penn West routed the pipeline around wetlands wherever possible. Where re- routing is not possible, boring under the wetlands is proposed. Where the pipeline will cross native prairie conservation easements, mitigation measures are outlined in the EPP (Part B) to minimize the impact of pipeline construction. In addition, off-site compensation will be negotiated with MHHC to address the temporary loss of native prairie function between construction and restoration and the potential long-term effects of such activities.
No conservation easements held by NCC or DUC will be crossed by the Project. However, DUC does have a wetland habitat enhancement reservoir at Jackson Creek (Government of Manitoba 1998, Manitoba Environment Act License 2365) which will be crossed by horizontal direction drill. DUC was consulted with respect to the Project and their comments and concerns are addressed in the EPP (Part B) (Cuthbert pers. comm.).
3.2.3 Heritage Resources
A request for information regarding heritage resources was submitted to the Historical Resources Branch of Manitoba Culture, Heritage, Tourism and Sport. In the event that heritage resources are encountered, procedures and mitigation measures to be followed are presented in the EPP (Part B).
3.2.4 First Nations
The Canupawakpa Dakota First Nation has two communities in the area, the Canupawakpa Dakota and Oak Lake Reserves (I.R.59 and I.R. 59A), both of which are located approximately 15 km from the Project. The Project will not cross any reserve lands. An Initial Aboriginal Consultation Assessment was completed (Penn West Exploration 2012) and submitted to the Manitoba Petroleum Branch as part of the pipeline application under the Oil and Gas Act. The assessment recommended that no aboriginal consultation was required.
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4 POTENTIAL BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Potential effects to the biophysical and socio-economic environment caused by the proposed Project were assessed based on the existing environmental setting and the details of the Project. The identified effects were used to develop appropriate mitigation measures, which are provided in the EPP (Part B) to minimize or eliminate these effects. Potential adverse residual effects were then identified (i.e., effects that would remain following the implementation of mitigation measures).
4.1 Methodology
The environmental assessment was undertaken using the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency Practitioner’s Guide (CEAA 1994). During the environmental assessment, valued ecosystem components (VEC) were identified through consultation with regulators and the public, and from previously identified components from existing projects in the area (e.g., EOG Resources Canada Waskada to Pierson Pipeline, Provident Energy Ltd. NGL Pipeline). The identification of VECs also included framing components with respect to spatial and temporal boundaries. Potential environmental and socio- economic effects were determined using scientific thresholds, existing literature and projects, previous experience and professional judgment. Mitigation measures, typically standard methods of pipeline construction and operation, were recommended to eliminate or minimize potential effects. Residual effects following mitigation measures and the likelihood these effects would have a significant adverse effect on the environment was then determined.
4.1.1 Boundaries
To assess the potential environmental effects of the Project, the spatial and temporal boundaries for the biophysical and socio-economic components were identified. Spatial and temporal boundaries were developed in consultation with other EAs that have been completed in the region (i.e., EOG Resources Canada Waskada to Pierson pipeline).
The spatial boundaries used were dependent on the component assessed and whether the cumulative effects of the project were being assessed.
Site: within footprint of Project (i.e., right-of-way) Local: within immediate area surrounding Project (<1 km) (i.e., quarter section level) Sub-regional: within a few kilometers of the Project (i.e., section to township level) Regional: within management or ecological boundaries (e.g., watershed level)
The temporal boundaries used were in relation to the phases and duration of the Project. Construction of the project is proposed for the third and fourth quarter of 2012. Operation of the Project is scheduled to begin in the first quarter of 2013, with the life of the Project persisting for approximately 50 years.
Short-term: within 3 years of Project commencement (i.e., construction and reclamation) Moderate: within the lifetime of the Project (i.e., approximately 50 years) Long-term: following the completion of the Project (i.e., after decommissioning)
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4.1.2 Mitigation Measures
Mitigation measures were developed to minimize or eliminate potential environmental effects on biophysical and socio-economic components. Specific mitigation measures are included in an EPP (Part B). Mitigation measures were developed based on industrial and government regulations, standards and guidelines and previous experience in pipeline construction. Site-specific mitigation measure will also be provided on Environmental Alignment Sheets (EAS) to guide construction activities. EASs can be made available following the completion of environmental surveys (e.g., soil, wetland, weeds), if requested.
4.1.3 Residual Effects
Following the implementation of mitigation measures, there is potential for adverse residual effects caused by the Project. For example, following the implementation of mitigation measures there may still be potential for disturbance to wildlife habitat or soil admixing. Following the identification of residual effects on VECs, the significance of the residual effects was determined.
4.1.4 Significance
The significance of residual effects of the Project was assessed based on magnitude, geographic extent, duration, frequency, and reversibility (CEAA 1994). Likelihood that a significant environmental effect will occur was determined if significant residual effects were identified. Likelihood is based on probability of occurrence and the scientific uncertainty with the prediction. A significant effect could have, for example, high magnitude, regional extent, long-term duration, high frequency, and would be irreversible.
The following outlines how the components of significance were defined (CEAA 1994; Kelly Wm. Scott and Associates 2011):
Magnitude
None: no interaction between the Project and the natural population or the interaction has no effect. Negligible: no measurable effect on the population. Low: effect on specific group within natural population, but does not affect the population as a whole. Medium: effect on specific group within natural population and may cause change in population, but not to the overall integrity of the whole population. High: effect on whole population that causes a change and affects the integrity of the whole population.
Geographic Extent
Site: within footprint of Project (i.e., right-of-way) Local: within immediate area surrounding Project (i.e., quarter section) Sub-regional: within a few kilometers of the Project (i.e., section or township) Regional: within management or ecological boundaries (i.e., watershed)
Duration
Short-term: within 3 years of Project commencement (i.e., construction and reclamation)
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Moderate: starts with construction and persists within the life of the Project (i.e., approximately 50 years) Long-term: following the completion of the Project (i.e., after decommissioning)
Frequency
Low: sporadic within one phase of Project Medium: continuous within one phase of Project High: continuous throughout all phases of Project
Reversibility
Reversible: population or environment would return to baseline within life of Project Irreversible: effect is permanent or population or environment would return to baseline after the life of the Project
4.2 Assessment of Project Effects on Environment
Environmental effects were assessed for the construction and operation of the pipeline project as well as associated activities (e.g., access roads) and decommissioning. A complete list of associated activities is not yet available for the proposed Project; however, the type of activities was assessed. Decommissioning of the pipeline is anticipated in 50 years. Decommissioning is assumed to be abandonment-in-place, but will completed as per standards and regulations at the time.
4.2.1 Physical Environment
The Project has the potential to affect the physical environment through construction and operation activities. Pipeline construction may cause minor changes in the physical environment. Industry standards to reduce and eliminate the effects of the Project on the physical environment are outlined in the EPP (Part B). However, there is the potential for residual effects on the physical environment to remain following construction. These effects will be identified during post-construction assessment and any issues will be corrected. Potential residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 15.
Table 15 Effects of Project on Physical Environment
Significance
Standard Component Effect Residual Effect and Action Mitigation Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Surface Yes. erosion Yes. Minor surface erosion associated Erosion following construction. Post- Not likely Erosion Site Short Low R Low with control construction assessment will significant construction measures. identify issues and corrective and operation action will be taken. Yes. Yes. Terrain Re- Minor surface slumping slumping Not likely Slumping contouring following construction. Post- Site Short Low R Low following significant and construction assessment will construction. stabilizing as identify issues and corrective
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Significance
Standard Component Effect Residual Effect and Action Mitigation Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility needed. action will be taken.
*See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects to the physical environment from the Project were determined to be site specific, short in duration, low in frequency, reversible, and negligible in magnitude; and therefore, not likely to be significant.
4.2.2 Greenhouse Gases and Air Quality
The Project has the potential to affect GHG emissions and air quality through the use of fossil fuels and dust creation in the short-term during construction activities (~4 months). Operational activities will not produce additional GHG beyond those currently produced by activities associated with the existing pipeline. The effect of the Project on the GHG emissions and air quality is considered sub-regional in extent, short-term in duration, medium in frequency, reversible, low in magnitude; and therefore, not likely to be significant.
4.2.3 Soil
The Project has the potential to affect soil through construction and operation activities. Industry standards for construction, soil handling, and reclamation will be implemented to reduce or eliminate the effects of the Project on soil. These standards are outlined in the EPP (Part B). A soil survey will be completed in spring/summer 2012 to identify soil characteristics and potential problem soils for construction methods and soil handling. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 16.
Table 16 Effects of Project on Soil
Significance
Standard Component Effect Residual Effect and Action Mitigation* Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Yes. Minor mixing of topsoil and Mixing of Yes. subsoil following Not likely Admixing topsoil and Site Short Low R Neg Soil handling construction. Identify during significant subsoil. methods. post-construction assessment and correct issue. Rutting of soil Yes. from No. Contingency plan for Rutting equipment Contingency ------wet ground conditions. operation on plans for wet wet soil. conditions. Yes. Yes. Subsidence/ Sunken or Not likely Site Short Low R Neg Crown raised trench. Re-contouring Minor undesirable sunk or significant and proper raised trench following
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Significance
Standard Component Effect Residual Effect and Action Mitigation* Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility soil construction. Identify during replacement. post-construction assessment and re-contour as needed. Yes. Localized Minor surface erosion during surface Yes. erosion construction, particularly Not likely Erosion during trench Erosion with sensitive area such as Site Short Low R Neg significant construction control problem soils. Address with and soil measures. proper erosion control piling. measures and post- construction assessment. Yes. Minimize equipment Yes. Localized traffic when Minor compaction from compaction applicable Not likely Compaction trench construction. Identify Site Short Low R Neg during and follow significant during post-construction and construction. recommende correct issue. d soil handling measures. *See EPP (Part B)
Standard mitigation measures will be used to eliminate or minimize the occurrence of the identified residual effects. However, should these residual effects occur they will be site specific, short in duration, low in frequency, reversible, and low in magnitude; and therefore, not likely to be significant.
4.2.4 Water
The Project has the potential to affect water resources through construction and operation activities. Industry standards to reduce or eliminate the effects of the Project are outlined in the EPP (Part B). Water resources that may be affected include surface water, ground water, drainage patterns and springs. The risk of pipeline activity affecting groundwater, including shallow aquifers like Oak Lake Aquifer is small (Oak Lake Aquifer Management Plan, Round Table 2000), because of the shallow depth of construction and mitigation measures implemented. The implementation of standard construction methods and regulations as they relate to surface water will result in negligible effects. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 17.
Table 17 Effects of Project on Water
Significance
Standard Residual Effect Component Effect Mitigation* and Action Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Release of Yes. Yes. Not likely Surface water sediment or other Watercourses, Unlikely Site Short Low R Low quality substances into wet drainages occurrence that significant watercourses, and wet wetlands would temporarily
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Significance
Standard Residual Effect Component Effect Mitigation* and Action Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility drainages, and will be crossed affect water wetlands during using a trenchless quality. Implement crossing. method. The contingency plans watercourse in case of crossings will be releases. monitored for drilling fluid or sediment releases during crossing. Erosion control and re-vegetation will occur as needed. Yes. Temporary Yes. interruption of Temporary drainage during Re-contour interruption of construction or drainages as Not likely Drainage natural drainage following Local Short Low R Low soon as possible significant during trench reclamation. following construction. Identify during trenching. post-construction and re-contour if necessary. Yes. Yes. Inadvertent Minimize ground Disruption of disruption of disturbance and subsurface water Not likely Springs natural springs Local Short Low R Low note existing flow. Maintain significant during subsurface water. flow and mitigate construction. any short-term effects. Yes. Ensure erosion and sediment No. Contamination of control as well as Mitigation and Groundwater groundwater from spill mitigation contingency plans ------quality construction and contingency for sediment and sediment or spills. plans in place, spills. particularly in wetlands and recharge areas. *See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects identified were determined to be local, short in duration, low in frequency, reversible, and low in magnitude; and therefore, not likely to be significant.
4.2.5 Aquatic Resources
Watercourses with defined bed or banks and potential to provide fish habitat will be crossed using a trenchless method, which is the method preferred by MBCWS (Weaver pers. comm.). All crossings will comply with the Manitoba Stream Crossing Guidelines for the Protection of Fish and Fish Habitat (DFO and MNR 1996) as well as DFO’s Manitoba Operational Statements (DFO 2009). Based on the compliance with provincial and federal regulations, a harmful alteration, disruption and destruction (HADD) of fish habitat is unlikely to occur. Trenchless methods of crossing watercourses drastically decrease the potential for a HADD or impact to riparian vegetation to occur. However, during trenchless construction
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Waskada Sales Line – Environmental Assessment there is the potential for a drilling fluid release to occur. Water quality monitoring is conducted during watercourse crossings to ensure a quick response to any release and to apply contingency planning. Drilling fluid is comprised of water or the combination of water and bentonite, an inert substance. The drilling mud does contribute sediment if released into a watercourse, but it typically dissipates quickly and if contingency planning is followed there is a low potential to impact aquatic resources. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 18.
Table 18 Effects of Project on Aquatic Resources
Significance
Residual Standard Component Effect Effect and Mitigation* Action Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Yes. If clearing is No. needed, Potential removal Unlikely seeding Riparian vegetation of riparian removal of ------and/or vegetation. riparian staking will vegetation. be completed. Yes. Unlikely occurrence Yes. that would Release of Water quality temporarily sediment or other Not likely Water quality monitoring affect water Site Short Low R Low substances into significant will be quality. watercourses. conducted. Implement contingency plans in case of releases. *See EPP (Part B)
There is a low probability that a residual effect on aquatic resources will occur because standard mitigation measures will be implemented, which will decrease the likelihood of any residual effects occurring. The residual effect identified is site-specific, short-term, low frequency, reversible, low magnitude and unlikely to be have a significant effect on aquatic resources.
4.2.6 Wetlands
The Project has the potential to affect wetlands through construction and operation activities. Project planning incorporated the federal wetland policy of avoidance, minimization and compensation (Government of Canada 1991) as well as MBCWS guidelines (Weaver pers. comm.). Avoidance of wetlands was attempted during routing and survey exercises; however, to maintain pipeline integrity and to accommodate other project considerations, not all wetlands could be avoided by the Project. A trenchless crossing method will be used where the pipeline crosses wetlands, specifically Class IV and V wetlands (Semi-permanent and Permanent Ponds) (Stewart and Kantrud 1971) or wetlands with open water. Minimal disturbance construction will be carried out for traversing Class I and II wetlands (Ephemeral and Temporary Ponds), and potentially Class III (Seasonal Ponds) wetlands. Compensation agreements will be entered into with MBCWS where a trenchless crossing method is not possible and as determined by MBCWS, to ensure there is no loss of wetland habitat function.
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Minimal disturbance of wetlands may include situating the trench outside of the ecological boundary of the wetland, minimizing the amount of workspace used, situating topsoil and spoil piles outside wetlands, and minimizing clearing. Appropriate construction methods and mitigation measures help to minimize the effects of pipeline construction through wetlands. Successful long-term recovery of wetlands crossed by pipelines has been documented but limited to cases where construction was completed correctly (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 2004). Relatively short recovery times for vegetation in wetlands allows for reduced impact on wetland-dependent wildlife. Mitigation measures include erosion and sediment control, sod salvage, re-contouring and contingency planning for spills to maintain water quality and hydrological function. Post-construction assessments will be conducted on traversed wetlands to monitor natural recovery and function. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 19.
Table 19 Effects of Project on Wetlands
Significance
Standard Residual Effect and Component Effect Mitigation* Action Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Yes. Disturbance Yes. Loss of habitat will be Gradual vegetation function, overall minimized and recovery. Post- Habitat and during time when Not likely construction will Site Short Low R Low function lapse between necessary re- significant identify issues with construction and contouring natural recovery and recovery. and natural correct as needed. recovery implemented. Yes. Yes. Introduction of Erosion and Low potential for sediment or a increased sediment. Water sediment Not likely spill into surface Sediment control Local Short Low R Low quality control as well significant water or as spill measures and groundwater. contingency contingency plan. plan. Yes. Minor changes in Yes. Change in topography and Hydrologic hydrology from Re-contouring hydrology after Not likely Local Short Low R Low function change in will return site construction. Post- significant topography. to original construction topography. assessment to identify and correct as needed. *See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects identified are considered site to local in extent, short in duration, low in frequency, reversible, low in magnitude, and not likely to be significant.
4.2.7 Vegetation
The Project has the potential to affect vegetation within the area. It is anticipated that the proposed pipeline may cross portions of native prairie in approximately eight quarter sections in addition to other remnant areas of native vegetation (i.e., associated with wetlands, remnant tree stands, and riparian areas). Routing of the Project attempted to minimize the removal of native vegetation. Standard
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Table 20 Effects of Project on Vegetation
Significance
Standard Residual Effect Component Effect Mitigation* and Action Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Yes. Yes. Areas with Potential Introduction weeds will be introduction or or spread of identified prior spread of weed Non-native Not likely non-native / to construction species. Identify Local Short Low R Low species significant weed and equipment weeds during post- species cleaning construction protocols will assessment and be operation and implemented. address issues. Yes. Yes. Minimize the Loss of native Loss of vegetation during Native amount of Short- Not likely native time lapse between Site Low R Low vegetation clearing and Medium significant vegetation. follow best construction and management recovery. practices. Monitor recovery. Yes. Loss of potential wildlife habitat and Tree and Yes. shrub removal loss to landowner. Loss of trees Short – Not likely (remnant Minimize Survey to identify Site Low R Low or shrubs. Medium significant stands or amount of potential wildlife shelterbelt) clearing. habitat. Consultation with landowner to mitigate impact. No. If rare plants are Loss or Yes. encountered, disturbance Rare species Avoidance of implement ------to rare plant identified rare mitigation species. plant species. measures in consultation with MBCWS. No. Yes. If rare plant communities are Avoidance or Disturbance encountered, Plant minimal to rare plant implement ------communities disturbance in communities. mitigation rare plant measures in communities. consultation with MBCWS. *See EPP (Part B)
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Mitigation measures will reduce the effects of the Project on native vegetation and avoid many potential residual effects. Remaining residual effects identified are considered site or local in extent, short in duration, low in frequency, reversible, low in magnitude, and not likely to be significant.
4.2.8 Wildlife
The project has the potential to affect wildlife within the area. Project construction is scheduled for fall/winter, which is outside the breeding bird and amphibian season. As a result, the potential to affect wildlife species will be reduced. Field surveys for breeding birds, amphibians, and species at risk (including preferred habitat) will be completed in spring/summer 2012 at species-appropriate time. Surveys will be completed to identify species at risk and important habitat. Mitigation measures such as rerouting, conducting activities outside the breeding period, and minimizing disturbance are outlined in the EPP (Part B). Should species at risk or important habitat be encountered during the field surveys, mitigation measures will be discussed with MBCWS wildlife biologists. In addition, a contingency plan has been included in the EPP to address potential wildlife issues that may be encountered during construction or operation activities. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 21.
Table 21 Effects of Project on Wildlife
Significance
Standard Component Effect Residual Effect Mitigation* Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility Yes. Yes. Disturbance to Disturbance Avoid or wildlife habitat Not likely Habitat of wildlife minimize during time lapse Local Short Low R Low significant habitat. habitat between disturbance. construction and recovery. Yes. Sensory Yes. Construct disturbance Disturbance to during non- to wildlife wildlife species breeding Not likely Behaviour during during construction. Local Short Low R Low period and significant construction Implement reduce and contingency plan for duration of operation. wildlife encounters. activities. Yes. Yes. Reduce Potential mortality vehicle and through Wildlife equipment Not likely Health construction and Local Moderate Low IR Low mortality. speed and significant operation. Follow minimize preventative duration of measures. activities. *See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects identified are considered local in extent, short or moderate in duration, low in frequency, reversible or irreversible, low in magnitude, and not likely to be significant. Effects on wildlife have the potential to be greater in extent and duration, as well as irreversible, compared to other effects of the Project on the environment. However, the potential for these effects to occur is low given proposed mitigation and best management practices.
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4.2.9 Land Use and Resource Use
The project has the potential to affect land and resource use within the area. Construction activities have been proposed for fall/winter to ensure dry or frozen ground conditions and to minimize interruption of current land uses. Construction will occur at a time that could affect agricultural activities such as ranching and crop harvest. Notification will be sent to agricultural landowners to minimize the effect of construction on activities. The Project will not affect the viability of agricultural activities. The Project also has the potential to affect recreational activities. Construction and operation should not affect recreation activities associated with watercourses, but they may affect hunting activities and wildlife viewing in the fall. The Project is located on private land, excluding watercourses, and hunting takes place at the discretion of the landowner. Interruption of hunting activities and wildlife viewing occurring in proximity to construction will be short-term. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 22.
Table 22 Effects of Project on Land and Resource Use
Significance
Standard Component Effect Residual Effect Mitigation* Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Yes. Yes. Disruption of agricultural Minimize Disruption of Agricultural activities disturbance agricultural Not likely Local Short Low R Low activities such as and in activities. significant ranching and consultation Notification and to crop harvest. with landowner will landowner. reduce effect. Yes. Yes. Recreational Disruption of Minimize Temporarily Not likely activities - hunting Local Short Low R Negligible disturbance interrupt hunting significant hunting activities. and duration activities at specific of activities. locations.. Yes. Yes. Disruption of Recreational wildlife Minimize Temporarily Not likely activities - Local Short Low R Negligible viewing disturbance interrupt viewing significant viewing activities. and duration activities at specific of activities. locations. *See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects identified are considered local in extent, short in duration, low in frequency, reversible, negligible or low in magnitude, and thus, not likely to be significant.
4.2.10 Heritage resources
The potential for the Project to affect heritage resources is limited to encountering unknown archaeological or paleontological sites during construction. A contingency plan has been included in the EPP (Part B) to address the potential of encountering a heritage resource. Because the potential for encountering a heritage resource is considered low and the contingency plan in the event of an encounter will be implemented, the Project will not likely have a significant residual effect on heritage resources.
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4.2.11 First Nations
An Initial Aboriginal Consultation Assessment was completed. It was determined that Aboriginal consultation is not needed for the proposed Project because it will not affect Aboriginal or treaty rights and is located greater than 10 km from any First Nations communities.
4.2.12 Communities
The Project has the potential to affect the communities in the area. Communities which provide services such as accommodation may experience an increase in population temporarily during construction activities with workers residing in town. The increase will be temporary and these short-term increases in population because of industry or recreation in service communities are typical in the area. Therefore, there are no adverse residual effects identified for the Project on the communities in the area.
4.2.13 Economy
The Project has the potential to affect the economics and employment in the area. The potential effects of the Project on the economy will be short-term in duration, but will have a positive effect. The Project will bring business to local services and suppliers. Additionally, some residents may be employed during certain phases of the Project. Therefore, there are no adverse residual effects identified.
4.2.14 Public Health
The Project has the potential to affect public health in the area. The effects of the Project on public health will be short-term and will consist of increases in emissions and dust as well as noise. These effects will be isolated to areas currently under construction and will cease once construction equipment proceeds to another section of the pipeline. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 23.
Table23 Effects of Project on Public Health
Significance
Standard Component Effect Residual Effect Mitigation* Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Emissions Yes. Following Yes. and dust construction Reduce number of Not likely Air quality created there should not Local Short Medium R Low vehicles and significant during be an effect on frequency of use. construction. air quality. Yes. Construction Yes. Following Increased activities and constructions Not likely Noise noise in local schedule designed there should not Local Short Low R Low significant area. to minimized be an effect on disturbance. noise. *See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects identified are considered local in extent, short in duration, low to medium in frequency, reversible, low in magnitude, and thus, not likely to be significant.
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4.2.15 Infrastructure and Services
The Project has the potential to affect existing infrastructure and services within the area. As discussed, the Project may affect businesses such as accommodation. There may be a reduction in the amount of accommodations available during proposed fall/winter construction if recreational activities are occurring at the same time. Activities such as increased volume on highways and secondary roads may affect local traffic. Increased volume will be short-term and highly localized depending on the section of pipeline under construction. Notification and proper signage will be implemented to reduce the effect on the public. Other services which may see additional activity include landfills and waste disposal locations. Potential effects and residual effects following the implementation of the mitigation measures are outlined in Table 24.
Table 24 Effects of Project on Infrastructure and Services
Significance
Residual Standard Component Effect Effect and Mitigation* Action Geographic Geographic Extent Duration Frequency Reversibility Magnitude Overall No. Reduced Yes. availability Find alternative Reduced Sub- Not likely Accommodation for tourists accommodation Short Medium R Low availability of regional significant and other for workers if accommodation workers. necessary. Yes. Attempts to Increase in reduce the Yes. Increase waste or amount of in waste Sub- Not likely Waste Disposal materials Short Low R Low waste produced deposited at regional significant requiring and dispose of local facilities. recycling waste at approved facilities. Yes. Minimize the Increase in amount of Yes. traffic and traffic on Temporary Sub- Not likely Traffic complete Short Low R Low public increase in regional significant notification and roads. traffic. provide adequate signage. *See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects identified are considered sub-regional in extent, short in duration, low in frequency, reversible, low in magnitude; and therefore, not likely to be significant.
4.2.16 Spills, Releases and Accidents
The Project has the potential to affect the environment through the pollutants used, waste produced, spills, releases, and accidents. The EPP and Penn West’s Environmental Response Plan (ERP) outline how hazardous materials will be handled as well as the prevention of and contingency plans for spills, releases and accidents. Given the protective measures outlined in the EPP and ERP the potential for spills, releases and accidents to occur is low. Moreover, the contingency plans will reduce the potential severity of events on the environment. Potential events which may affect the environment are outlined in Table 25.
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Table 25 Effects of Spills, Release, and Accidents.
Significance
Standard Residual Effect Component Effect Mitigation* and Action Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Yes. Spill of Yes. Unlikely occurrence of chemicals or Material Not likely Spills local spill. Site Short Low R Low hazardous handling significant Contingency materials. protocols. plan implemented. Yes. Follow Yes. Potential drilling protective Instream drilling mud release Not likely Releases measures mud release. Site Short Low R Low associated with and monitor Contingency significant drilling all plan watercourse implemented. crossings. Yes. Yes. Fire started by Unlikely Site – Low - Not likely Fire equipment or Follow occurrence of Sub- Short Low R High significant other activities. protective fire. Contingency regional measures. plan to be implemented. Yes. Interruption of Yes. water, hydro, Unlikely Complete telephone or gas occurrence of Service line locating. Sub- Low - Not likely service from encounter. Short Low R Interruption Follow regional High significant encounter Contingency protective underground or plan measures. aboveground. implemented. Yes. Unlikely event of Yes. rupture or leak could affect soil, Standard vegetation, construction wildlife, and Local - Pipeline and Short- Not likely Pipeline rupture water. Diligent Sub- Low R High failure maintenance Medium significant planning and regional schedule to maintenance ensure virtually integrity. eliminates potential to occur. *See EPP (Part B)
The residual effects with the greatest magnitude of effect also have the lowest potential to occur. The implementation of standard procedures drastically reduces the potential for these high magnitude events to occur; therefore they are not likely to be significant adverse residual effects. The residual effects with low magnitude may be more likely to occur but are not likely to cause a significant adverse effect.
4.3 Assessment of Environment Effects on Project
The Project has the potential to be impacted by the environment. Listed in Table 26 are the environmental components that have the potential to affect the Project.
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Table 26 Effects of Project on Infrastructure and Services
Significance
Residual Standard Component Effect Effect and Mitigation Action Extent Overall Duration Magnitude Frequency Geographic Geographic Reversibility
Yes. Pipeline trench Yes. Flooding Potential depth appropriate may affect flooding may for amount of construction affect the activities. Not likely Flooding potential scour in Local Short Low R Lowr project flood prone areas Contingency significant construction and locating planning for and operation. infrastructure flood or wet outside flood conditions. prone areas. Yes. Yes. Potential for Precautions will soil instability in be taken during Slumping may Not likely Soil instability Site Short Low R Low areas prone to construction affect significant slumping. based on soil construction survey/EAS activities. recommendations. Yes. Extreme weather (e.g., Yes. Weather may affect winds, Contingency plans construction Sub- Not likely Weather precipitation, for extreme Short Low R Low activities. regional significant cold) could weather to reduce Contingency suspend effect on Project. construction. planning for weather. Yes. Fire may Wildfire may Yes. affect interrupt project construction Sub- Low - Not likely Wildfire Contingency plans Short Low R construction or activities. regional High significant outlined in ERP. operation. Contingency planning for potential fire.
The environmental components have the potential to affect the Project from site to sub-regional extent with low to major magnitude of effect. Planning and contingency plans are intended to reduce the potential and magnitude of these potential effects. Therefore, it was determined that these effects are not likely to adversely affect the Project.
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5 POTENTIAL CUMULATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
The effects of activities and projects have the potential to incrementally contribute to adverse residual cumulative effects. To address the potential for proposed activities to contribute to cumulative effects a cumulative environmental effects assessment was completed in conjunction with the effects assessment.
Following spring/summer 2012 environmental surveys, cumulative effects will be revisited to ensure all potential residual effects from the Project have been assessed based on the best information available.
5.1 Methods
As with the effects assessment, the methodology for the cumulative effects assessment was based on methods outlined by CEAA (1994) and those in assessments completed by other projects in region as well as those of Heggman et al. (1999). Cumulative effects assessments extend an effects assessments both spatially and temporally to include past, existing, and future activities in the surrounding area.
To determine whether the Project will contribute to adverse cumulative effects, residual effects identified during the effects assessment were assessed in combination with the effects from existing, proposed and future projects. The effects assessment revealed that it is unlikely that the Project will result in significant residual effects. However, insignificant effects from past, existing, and future projects can “nibble” at a VEC to become a significant cumulative effect (Kennett 2000).
5.1.1 Past, Existing, and Future Activities
Prior to European settlement and agriculture, southwestern Manitoba was largely a combination of trembling aspen stands and grasslands (Ecological Stratification Working Group 1995). Large scale agricultural activities since the 1800s have included crop cultivation and ranching, which have altered the landscape (Honey and Oleson 2006). Landscape alteration has resulted in the removal of native vegetation and alteration of wetlands and surface drainage. As previously mentioned, the majority of the Project is situated on existing agricultural land. Included in these agricultural lands are relatively small areas of native grassland which are used for livestock pasture.
Infrastructure such as transportation corridors and above- and below-ground services serve residential, agricultural, and industrial activities. Infrastructure also plays a role in altering the landscape and affecting the environment. Mining has also been undertaken in the region. However, mining activities have ceased the mines are now abandoned (AMEC 2007).
Oil and gas activity has become an important and dominant industrial activity within the project area. In the last ten years, activity has increased dramatically from the early years of oil and gas exploration in the 1950s. The existing, proposed and future oil and gas projects in the area are of specific interest to the cumulative effects assessment of the proposed Project because of the similar potential effects these projects may contribute to the region. Available information from Manitoba Innovation, Energy and Mines (2012) was used to identify existing oil and gas projects in the area and Manitoba Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch’s Public Registry (MBCWS n.d.b.) and the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency’s Registry (2011) were consulted to identify future projects. Table 27 outlines some relevant existing and proposed pipeline projects that were considered in the cumulative effects assessment. The project area supports a number of oil and gas wells and older pipelines that are not included in the table.
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Table 27 Listing of Existing and Proposed Pipeline Projects in Proximity to Project Area
Proximity to Existing / Project Location Penn West Description Proposed Waskada Existing Penn West Waskada to NW 7-1-25 WPM to Parallel ~80% of (constructed Waskada to Cromer, Manitoba Cromer NW 17-9-28 WPM route 1984/1985) Existing NE 21-1-25 WPM Adjacent to EOG Waskada to to NW 17-9-28 within 7 km of Waskada to Cromer, Manitoba Cromer Pipeline (constructed Winter 2010) WPM route <1 km from EOG Waskada to SW-1-2-28 WPM to Penn West Proposed Waskada to Pierson, Manitoba Pierson Pipeline NE 21-1-25 WPM Waskada battery site Phase 1: Kerrobert, Tie-in to Saskatchewan/ Manitoba border to US Enbridge Terrace Existing SK to Clearbrook, Enbridge border (Kerrobert to Gretna, within Canada. Phase I Pipeline (constructed 1999) MN Cromer facility Phase 1: 619km of 914mm pipeline Cromer Terminal Tie-in to Terminal near Hardisty, Alberta to Gretna, Enbridge Alberta Existing NE 17-9-28 WPM Enbridge Manitoba, crossing through/near Cromer, Clipper Expansion (constructed 2010) to Gretna station Cromer facility Manitoba SE 8-1-1 WPM Cromer Terminal 2,556km diluent p/l from Chicago to Tie-in to Enbridge Southern Existing NE 17-9-28 WPM Edmonton, AB. included in project is the LSr Enbridge Lights (constructed 2010) to Gretna station crude oil pipeline project, connecting Cromer facility SE 8-1-1 WPM Cromer, Manitoba to Clearbrook, MN Proposed Pipeline connecting Enbridge’s existing (January 2011) Tie-in to Enbridge Bakken NE 8-4-5 W2M to terminals near Steelman, Saskatchewan and CEAA: 10-01- Enbridge Pipeline NE 17-9-28 W1M Cromer, Manitoba as an extension to the 58441 and granted Cromer facility by NEB (Order XO- Enbridge EX-02 pipeline E256-007-2011) Provident Energy Ltd. Proposed pump station at 13-17-10-28, 13-17-10-28 W1M NGL Pipeline Project Proposed Within 1-3km pipeline connecting at existing Enbridge to 6-20-9-28 W1M Manitoba terminal in 6-20-9-28
5.2 Assessment of Cumulative Effects on Biophysical and Socio-economic Environment
The assessment of potential cumulative effects is summarized in the following sub-sections. It was determined that residual effects identified during the effects assessment would not likely contribute to significant adverse residual cumulative effects. The lack of significant cumulative effects is based on the low magnitude, short duration and limited geographic extent of most identified residual effects. Mitigation measures and contingency plans at the site and local scale provide means to address residual effects and reduce or eliminate the incremental effects of the proposed Project on VECs in the context of past, existing, and future projects.
5.2.1 Physical Environment
The Project has the potential to contribute to cumulative effects of past, existing, and future activities on the physical environment. The residual effects of the Project on the physical environment will occur only within the right-of-way and workspace, for a short period of time, and are reversible. When assessed in consideration with similar residual effects of past and existing pipeline projects, road construction, and agricultural activities it was determined that it is unlikely the Project will contribute to significant adverse residual cumulative effects on the physical environment. The use of standard pipeline construction methods, completing post-construction assessments, and undertaking reclamation activities reduce the potential for cumulative effects to occur and reverse potential effects that may occur.
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5.2.2 Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative residual effects of GHG and climate change. The residual effect of short-term emissions associated with Project construction is minor. When combined with other similar projects in the region (i.e., approximately 1-2 pipelines per year) the emissions comprise a very small proportion of total emissions in Manitoba. However, the residual effect of constructing pipelines on a national spatial scale has the potential to contribute significantly to national GHG and emissions. Pipeline construction is short- term, but many pipelines are constructed annually in Canada. The proposed Project will contribute a minor amount (<0.5%) of emissions to the national annual value and will not be a permanent source of emissions (Environment Canada 2011). As a result, it was determined that the Project will not likely contribute significantly to an adverse residual cumulative effect of GHG and climate change.
5.2.3 Soil
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative residual effects on soil and soil properties. Residual effects identified during the effects assessment have a low probability to occur if mitigation measures, contingency plans, and reclamation activities are undertaken. The potential residual effects from the Project on soil are site-specific and short- term. In addition, with the use of standard pipeline construction methods, post-construction assessments, and reclamation activities; effects are unlikely to persist or contribute to a significant adverse residual cumulative effect.
5.2.4 Water
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative residual effects on water quantity and quality. Mitigation measures, contingency plans and best management practices will eliminate or drastically reduce the potential for residual effects on water quality and quantity, and drainage patterns. The low probability of residual effects to occur and local extent of potential residual effects will not likely contribute to significant adverse residual cumulative effects.
5.2.5 Aquatic Resources
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative residual effects on aquatic resources. Mitigation measures, contingency plans and best management practices will eliminate or drastically reduce the potential for residual effects on water quality and ultimately aquatic resources. The low probability of residual effects to occur and local extent of potential residual effects will not likely contribute to significant adverse residual cumulative effects.
5.2.6 Wetlands
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative residual effects on wetlands. The Project will cross a number of wetlands and will result in residual effects to habitat function, hydrological function, and water quality.
Past and existing projects, such as agricultural activities, road construction, and industrial activities have combined to contribute to the adverse cumulative effects associated with wetland loss in the region. The Project will not combine with agricultural activities or other industrial projects to contribute to wetland loss. Standard construction methods, mitigation measures, contingency plans and restoration activities will
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Waskada Sales Line – Environmental Assessment ensure wetlands are not lost and that function of disturbed wetlands is restored. However, construction activities will likely result in a lag in habitat function between construction and full habitat restoration. To address this potential residual effect off-site compensation will be implemented, where necessary. Loss or changes in habitat function, hydrological function, and water quality were determined to be short-term and reversible, and as a result it is unlikely the residual effects will contribute to significant adverse residual cumulative effects on wetlands.
5.2.7 Vegetation
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative residual effects on vegetation. Past and existing projects, such as agricultural activities, road construction, and industrial activities have combined to contribute to the cumulative effects associated with native vegetation loss in the region. The Project will remove native vegetation, but restoration activities will be implemented to minimize impact on native vegetation particularly native grasslands. Although restoration will be implemented, there will be a time lapse between construction and complete restoration of native vegetation.
Standard construction methods, mitigation measures, contingency plans, and restoration activities will reduce the effects of the Project on native vegetation. Because loss of native vegetation will be restored, it was determined that the Project will not combine with past, existing, and future projects to contribute to significantly adverse residual cumulative effects.
5.2.8 Wildlife
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative residual effects on wildlife. Mitigation measures and contingency plans for the Project will reduce the potential for residual effects on wildlife. Based on proposed project descriptions there is the potential that one to two other pipeline projects will be under construction at a similar time as the proposed Project. The locations of these projects are of sufficient distance from the proposed project that they are unlikely to combine to a significant adverse cumulative effect on wildlife. Sufficient sensory disturbance may result in migratory birds staging elsewhere in the sub-region. The temporary loss of habitat that may result from the Project is reversible and off-site compensation will be provided for certain areas of native prairie and wetlands, where necessary.
Standard construction methods, mitigation measures, contingency plans, and restoration activities will reduce the effects of the Project on wildlife. Because any potential loss of habitat will be restored and direct impact to wildlife will be minimized through mitigation measures including construction timing, it is unlikely the Project will combine with past, existing, and future projects to contribute to significantly adverse residual cumulative effects.
5.2.9 Land Use and Resource Use
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to cumulative effects on land and resource use. The residual effects on land and resource use such as minor interruptions to agricultural activities and recreational activities will be site-specific and short-term. Other proposed projects (e.g., EOG Resources Canada Waskada to Pierson Pipeline) in proximity to the Project that may be constructed simultaneously do not have overlapping quarter sections. Therefore, the Project should not combine to contribute to a significant adverse cumulative residual effect on land and resource use.
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5.2.10 Heritage resources
No residual effects on heritage resources were identified during the effects assessment. Therefore, there is no potential for the Project to combine with past, existing, and future projects to contribute to significant adverse cumulative residual effects on heritage resources.
5.2.11 First Nations
It was determined that the Project will not affect First Nation communities. As such, it will not combine with past, existing, and future activities to contribute to significant adverse cumulative residual effects on First Nations.
5.2.12 Economy
No adverse residual effects on the economy were identified in the effects assessment. Thus, the Project will not contribute significantly to adverse cumulative residual effects.
5.2.13 Public Health
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future projects to contribute to residual cumulative effects on public health. As identified in the effects assessment, the residual effects will be short-term and low in magnitude. Because of the short-term nature of the Project and low magnitude of the effects, the effects will not combine with other effects to contribute to a significantly adverse cumulative residual effect on public health.
5.2.14 Infrastructure and Services
The Project has the potential to combine with past, existing, and future projects to contribute to cumulative effects. The Project will increase demand on services and infrastructure in the short-term. Existing projects currently contribute to increased demand for services in the area, and as a result, the level of service provided has increased in the region. In addition, there are a number of service communities in the area which can accommodate the Project and other activities. Therefore, the Project is unlikely to contribute significantly to adverse cumulative residual effects.
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6 INSPECTION, MONITORING, AND REPORTING
As part of the Project, inspection and monitoring will be completed during and following construction activities. Reporting of the results from construction inspection and monitoring, and post-construction assessments will also be completed.
6.1 Inspection
Inspection during pipeline construction will be conducted by the Chief Inspector, Environmental Inspector, and other designated inspectors. Environmental inspection will be conducted following the Environmental Alignment Sheets (EAS), mitigation measures outlined in the EPP (Part B), and in compliance with environmental regulations. Environmental inspection will be conducted by the Environmental Inspector during initial pipeline construction to ensure construction activities such as topsoil stripping and handling, equipment cleaning, and backfilling are completed appropriately. If the Environmental Inspector feels that construction activities are being completed according to the EAS and EPP, inspection along portions of the right-of-way with little environmental concerns may be left to the Chief Inspector. However, the Environmental Inspection will be present during activities which have site-specific mitigation measures and site sensitivities such as watercourse crossings, construction on native prairie or pasture, construction in areas with problem soils, and final clean-up and reclamation activities.
The Environmental Inspector will ensure mitigation measures are followed and be responsible for implementing contingency planning in coordination with the Chief Inspector. The Environmental Inspector will also be responsible for developing mitigation measures in the event an unforeseen environmental issue arises or proposed mitigation measures are deemed to be insufficient. In the event major changes to mitigation measures are needed to address a particular concern, appropriate regulators will be consulted.
6.2 Monitoring
6.2.1 Watercourse Crossings
In addition to environmental inspection, water quality monitoring will be conducted during watercourse crossings as per the MOS (DFO 2009). Water quality monitoring provides early detection of an inadvertent introduction or release of drilling fluid into a watercourse and facilitates mitigation against the impact of release on the aquatic environment. Water quality monitoring methods will follow those presented in “A Canada-wide Framework for Water Quality Monitoring,” (CCME 2006). Frac-outs will be identified when there is an introduction of sediment causing background concentrations in the water body to reach the levels described in CCME’s turbidity summary table (1999).
6.2.2 Right-of-way
Monitoring and inspection of the right-of-way will be ongoing for the life of the pipeline (Section 2.6).
6.3 Post-Construction Environmental Assessment
A post-construction environmental assessment will be completed during the first growing season following construction. Additional post-construction environmental assessments may be completed annually if issues are identified during the first assessment to ensure remedial action is successful. In particular, sensitive areas such as native prairie and wetlands may undergo numerous annual assessments to
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Waskada Sales Line – Environmental Assessment monitor reclamation success. A post-construction environmental assessment will assess the following components:
Vegetation: species composition including non-native/weed species, establishment, vigour, and productivity; Soil: evidence of erosion, topsoil and subsoil depth and texture, subsoil compaction, degree of admixing, and stoniness; Topography: evidence of slope movement, slumping, and subsidence; and Drainage: evidence of change in drainage, and wetland hydrological function
Post-construction environmental assessments will be completed at watercourse and drainage crossings, wetland crossings, sites with problem soils or weeds, areas identified during construction and reclamation activities with potential issues, and random locations along the right-of-way. The post-construction environmental assessment report will be produced for Penn West to guide remedial action and as requested by MBCWS. As outlined by MBCWS (Weaver pers. comm.), watercourse crossings will be monitored and assessed every spring and after major precipitation events until the sites have stabilized.
The post-construction assessments will contribute to long-term monitoring of the right-of-way in addition to the operation and maintenance of the pipeline. Follow-up surveys (e.g., soil, plant, wildlife) are not anticipated for the project given the well-established standard construction and reclamation methods which will be used and which have been proven effective for many other projects. However, should the post-construction assessments indicate that there may be residual effects from pipeline construction or operation, follow-up surveys may be undertaken.
6.4 Reporting
The results from the environmental inspection and water quality monitoring will be compiled into a summary report for Penn West. The report will be used to list areas with final clean-up outstanding and to guide the post-construction assessment. The summary report will be made available to regulators if requested. Reporting will also include the results of the post-construction assessment and any on-going monitoring. The post-construction assessment will be made available to the Manitoba Water Stewardship Division to address any questions regarding reclamation of watercourse crossings. Additional internal reporting will be completed by Penn West in accordance with their policies on construction completion and pipeline operation and maintenance.
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7 CONCLUSION
Penn West is proposing to construct a pipeline from Waskada to Cromer, Manitoba. The EA (this report) was completed as part of an Environmental Act Proposal for the proposed pipeline project. The EA describes the current biophysical and socio-economic environmental setting and assesses the potential effects, residual and cumulative, that the Project may have on the environment. In conjunction with the EA, mitigation measures were developed to avoid, eliminate and/or minimize the potential effects of the Project. These mitigation measures are provided in the EPP (Part B) and will also include site-specific details outlined on Environmental Alignment Sheets (EASs) for use during construction.
The EA was based on a literature review of existing information, existing and proposed projects in the area, aerial photography, topographic maps and available geographic information system information. Biophysical field surveys for soil, vegetation, wildlife, aquatics and wetlands will be completed in spring/summer 2012. The results of these surveys will be provided to MBCWS and other applicable regulators. The results of these surveys will also guide site-specific mitigation measures to be included in the EASs, general mitigation measures in the EPP, and to confirm that the conclusions of the EA are accurate. The EPP will be revised and the EASs completed to reflect the results of the biophysical surveys and submitted along with the results of the surveys to MBCWS.
The EA concluded that the Project is unlikely to result in significant adverse residual effects, including cumulative effects. The Project entails replacing an existing pipeline; therefore, the potential effects on the environment would be largely associated with construction of the pipeline. Industry standard construction methods, site-specific mitigation measures, and contingency planning avoid or minimize the potential for residual effects to occur. In addition, a post-construction assessment and restoration/reclamation activities will address potential residual effects following construction. Most residual effects identified in the environmental assessment will be either site or local in geographic extent, short-term in duration, low in frequency, and low in magnitude. A few residual effects, such as disturbance to native vegetation including native prairie and wetlands, may be affected by the Project for a greater duration of time, but restoration of these areas will occur and the effect will not be long-term.
The proposed Project will be completed ensuring that all applicable environmental policies and plans are followed. It was determined that the implementation of the developed policies and plans in conjunction with regulatory compliance will result in the proposed Penn West Waskada Sales Line being completed without significant effect to the environment.
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8 REFERENCES
8.1 Personal Communications
RCS would like to thank the following individuals for their assistance, consideration and expertise in preparing this report:
Abel, Jennifer. Chief Petroleum Engineer, Petroleum Branch. Innovation, Energy and Mines. Virden, Manitoba.
Anderson, Sandra. Chief Administrative Officer, Rural Municipality of Arthur. Melita, Manitoba.
Blomquist, Perry. Archaeological Services Officer, Historic Resources Branch. Manitoba Culture, Heritage and Tourism. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Braun, Tracy. Director, Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Brooker, Dean. Manager, West Souris Conservation District. Reston, Manitoba.
Bruederlin, Bruno. Fisheries Biologist, Water Stewardship Division. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Carlyle, Stephen. Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Clifford, Sherri. A/Senior Habitat Biologist, Central and Arctic Region. Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
Cuthbert, Calvin. Ducks Unlimited Canada. Brandon, Manitoba.
Dagdick, Elise. Environment Officer, Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Davies, Delnor. Weed Specialist, Rural Municipalities of Arthur and Edward. Pierson, Manitoba.
Friesen, Chris. Biodiversity Information Manager, Manitoba Conservation Data Centre. Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection Branch, Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Firlotte, Nicole. Conservation Data Centre Acting Coordinator. Manitoba Conservation Data Centre. Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection Branch, Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Greggor, June. Chief Administrative Officer, Rural Municipality of Pipestone. Reston, Manitoba.
Gregoire, Paul. Wildlife Biologist, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada. Edmonton, Alberta.
Hullick, Curtis. Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation. Brandon, Manitoba.
Mackenzie, Gavin. Albert Rural Municipality of Manitoba. Tilston, Manitoba
Murray, Trudy. Chief Administrative Officer, Albert Rural Municipality of Manitoba. Tilston, Manitoba.
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Perrett, Darlene. Parks Superintendent, Parks and Natural Areas Branch. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Smith, Brian. Manager, Archaeological Assessment Services Unit. Heritage Resources Branch, Manitoba Culture, Heritage and Tourism Branch. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Stephenson, Don. Chief Administrative Officer, Rural Municipality of Wallace. Virden, Manitoba.
Szoradi, Al. Weed Supervisor, Rural Municipalities of Brenda-Winchester. Deloraine, Manitoba
Tingey, Robert. Weed Supervisor, Rural Municipality of Pipestone. Reston, Manitoba.
Weaver, William. Environmental Review Officer, Planning and Coordination Branch. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Wiens, Jonathan. Habitat Specialist, Manitoba Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection Branch. Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Woodworth, Diane. Chief Administrative Officer, Rural Municipality of Brenda. Waskada, Manitoba.
Wruth, Yasemin. Manager, Turtle Mountain Conservation District. Deloraine, Manitoba.
8.2 Literature Cited
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AMEC Earth and Environmental (AMEC). 2007. Condition and Hazard Assessment of Crown Owned Inactive Mine Sites in Manitoba. AMEC Project No.: WX15201. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
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Betcher, R., G. Grove, and C. Pupp. 1995. Groundwater in Manitoba: Hydrogeology, Quality Concerns, Management NHRI. Contribution No. CS-93017. Environment Canada: Environmental Sciences Division. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
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Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands. 2012. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. Ramsar. Retrieved February, 2012. From www.ramsar.org/cda/en/ramsar-documents- list/main/ramsar/1-31-218_4000_0__
Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, Canadian Energy Pipeline Association and Canadian Gas Association (CAPP, CEPA, CGA). 2005. Pipeline Associated Watercourse Crossings. Third Edition. Prepared by TERA Environmental Consultants and Salmo Consulting Inc. Calgary,Alberta.
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Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). 1999. Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
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Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency (CEAA). 1994. Responsible Authority's Guide: The Practitioner's Guide. Cat. No. EN106-25/1-1994-E. Government of Canada. Ottawa, Ontario. Retrieved February 2012. From: www.ceaa-acee.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=CB59D782-1
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Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) 2006a. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the rough agalinis Agalinis aspera in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vi + 22 pp. Retrieved February 2012. From: www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm..
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). 2006b. COSEWIC 2006. COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the smooth goosefoot Chenopodium subglabrum in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vi + 33 pp. Retrieved February 2012. From: www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm
Department of Energy, Mines and Resources. 1994. Virden, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Canada Centre for Mapping. 1:250,000.
Ecological Stratification Working Group. 1995. A National Ecological Framework for Canada. [Report and national map]. Scale 1:7500 000. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Branch, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research and Environment Canada, State of the Environment Directorate. Ottawa, Ontario; Hull, Quebec.
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Environment Canada. 2012. National Climate Data and Information Archive. Retrieved February 2012. From:www.climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climate_normals/stnselect_e.html?pageid=1&lang=e&province =MAN&provBut=Search.
Environment Canada. 2011. National Inventory Report. Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Ottawa, Ontario. 224 p.
Environment Canada. 2009. Petroleum Industry Activity Guidelines for Wildlife Species at Risk in the Prairie and Northern Region. Canadian Wildlife Service (Prairie and Northern Region). Edmonton, Alberta. 64 p.
Environment Canada. 2007. Recovery Strategy for the Buffalograss (Buchloë dactyloides) in Canada. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series. Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON. 30 pp.
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Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 2009. Manitoba Operational Statements. Version 3.0. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and Manitoba Natural Resources (MNR). 1996. Manitoba Stream Crossing Guidelines for the Protection of Fish and Fish Habitat. 56 p.
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Government of Manitoba. 2012b. Manitoba Land Initiative Core Maps – Data Warehouse. “Soil Map Unit File (SoilSMUF) by Municipality - Albert.” [ESRI Shapefile]. Created by the Western Land Resource Group - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, using ArcView 3x. 06 June, 2002.
Government of Manitoba. 2012c. Manitoba Land Initiative Core Maps – Data Warehouse. “Soil Map Unit File (SoilSMUF) by Municipality - Arthur.” [ESRI Shapefile]. Created by the Western Land Resource Group - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, using ArcView 3x. 06 June, 2002.
Government of Manitoba. 2012d. Manitoba Land Initiative Core Maps – Data Warehouse. “Soil Map Unit File (SoilSMUF) by Municipality - Brenda.” [ESRI Shapefile]. Created by the Western Land Resource Group - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, using ArcView 3x. 06 June, 2002.
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Manitoba Bureau of Statistics. 2008h. 2006 Census Profile, Wallace R.M. Statistics Canada. Retrieved March 2012. From: www.gov.mb.ca/mbs/communities/
Manitoba Conservation. 2011. Manitoba Grassland Birding Trail. Watchable Wildlife. Retrieved March 2012. From: www.gov.mb.ca/watchablewildlife/pdf/grassland_trailguide.pdf
Manitoba Conservation. n.d. Watchable Wildlife. Broomhill Wildlife Management Area. Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection Branch. Retrieved January 2012. From: www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/wildlife/viewing/broomhill.html
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Manitoba Conservation. 2000. Tilston Air Quality: Final report on the air quality monitoring programs – July 1998 to July 2000 Volume 1: Summary of ambient air quality monitoring program. Pollution Prevention (P2) Branch. www.gov.mb.ca/conservation/pollutionprevention/airquality/brochures/tilston_finalreport.html
Manitoba Conservation Data Centre (MBCDC). 2012. Biotic Database records from Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection Branch, Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship. Chris Friesen, pers. comm.
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Appendix 1 Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line Proposed Route (see Map Pocket)
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Appendix 2 Soils within the Project Area Topsoil Slope 2 Per- 2 2 1 1 Local Surface Stone 2 2 Code Quarter Section Soil Series Name 2 Soil Parent Material Soil Texture Soil Order Soil Group Thickness 2 Gradient 2 Drainage Salinity cent 1 Form 2 Class (cm) Waskada (WKD) 80 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline WKD8-TWC2/xbxx-xbxx NW 30-1-25 WPM; NW 13-2-26 WPM Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Black Two Creeks (TWC) 20 Fine Loam Chernozemic 8-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline till Chernozem Level to nearly Waskada (WKD) 90 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline NW 30, SW 31, & NW 31-1-25 WPM; level WKD9-DRI1/xxxx-xxxx SW 6-2-25 WPM Eolian, lacustrine, and Level to nearly Deloraine (DRI) 10 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till level Gleyed Black Level to nearly GOL/xxxx SW 6-2-25 WPM; NE 12-2-26 WPM Goodlands (GOL) 100 Lacustrine Clay loam Chernozemic 10-25 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level SW 6 & NW 6-2-25 WPM; NE 1, SE WKD/xxxx 12, NE 12, SE 13, & SW 13-2-26 Waskada (WKD) 100 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline WPM Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Black Level to nearly TWC/xxxx NW 13-2-26 WPM Two Creeks (TWC) 100 Fine Loam Chernozemic 8-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline till Chernozem level Ryerson (RYS) 70 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline RYS7-CSE3/xc1x-xc1x NW 13, NE 23, & SW 24-2-26 WPM Gleyed Rego Black Coatstone (CSE) 30 Till Clay loam Chernozemic 8-13 Very gently sloping 2-5 Slightly stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Gleyed Black RGT/xbxx SW 24-2-26 WPM Regent (RGT) 100 Till Loam Chernozemic 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Ryerson (RYS) 90 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline NE 23, SE 26, SW 26, NW 26, SW 35, RYS9-RGT1/xcxx-xcxx Gleyed Black SE 34, & NE 34-2-26 WPM Regent (RGT) 10 Till Loam Chernozemic 10-15 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Ryerson (RYS) 50 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline RYS5-EWT5/xbxx-xxxx SE 26-2-26 WPM Level to nearly Ewart (EWT) 50 Till Clay Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Ryerson (RYS) 50 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline RYS5-RGT5/xbxx-xbxx NW 26-2-26 WPM Gleyed Black Regent (RGT) 50 Till Loam Chernozemic 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Gleyed Black Regent (RGT) 90 Till Loam Chernozemic 10-15 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline NW 26, SW 35, SE 34, & NE 34-2-26 Chernozem RGT9-NPS1/xcxx/xxxx WPM Level to nearly Naples (NPS) 10 Lacustrine Clay Loam Gleysolic Orthic Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Level to nearly EWT/xxxx NE 34-2-26 WPM Ewart (EWT) 100 Till Clay Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Waskada (WKD) 80 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline NE 34-2-26 WPM; SE & NE 2-3-26 WKD8-DRI2/xcxx-xxxx Eolian, lacustrine, and Level to nearly WPM; Deloraine (DRI) 20 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till level WKD/xbxx SE & NE 2-3-26 WPM Waskada (WKD) 100 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Black Two Creeks (TWC) 70 Fine Loam Chernozemic 8-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline TWC7-WKD3/xbxx-xbxx SE & NE 2-3-26 WPM till Chernozem Waskada (WKD) 30 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Black Two Creeks (TWC) 70 Fine Loam Chernozemic 8-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline NE 2, SE 11, SW 11, & NW 11-3-26 till Chernozem TWC7-DRI3/xbxx-xxxx WPM Eolian, lacustrine, and Level to nearly Deloraine (DRI) 30 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till level Waskada (WKD) 70 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline WKD7-MOT3/xbxx-xbxx SE 11, SW 11, & NW 11-3-26 WPM Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Rego Black Montgomery (MOT) 30 Sandy Loam Chernozemic 10-20 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline till Chernozem Level to nearly EWT/xxxx NW 11 & SW 14-3-26 WPM Ewart (EWT) 100 Till Clay Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Ryerson (RYS) 80 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline RYS8-EWT2/xbxx-xxxx SW 14-3-26 WPM Level to nearly Ewart (EWT) 20 Till Clay Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Ryerson (RYS) 50 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline RYS5-WKD5/xbxx-xbxx SW 14-3-26 WPM Waskada (WKD) 50 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Well Non-saline Level to nearly Waskada (WKD) 70 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline SE 15, NE 15, SW22 & SE 22-3-26 level WKD7-MOT3/xxxx-xxxx WPM Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly Montgomery (MOT) 30 Sandy Loam Chernozemic 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline till Chernozem level Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Black Level to nearly TWC/xxxs SE 22-3-26 WPM Two Creeks (TWC) 100 Fine Loam Chernozemic 8-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Weakly saline till Chernozem level Level to nearly Waskada (WKD) 70 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline WKD7-MOT3/xxxx-xxxx SW 22 & NW 22-3-26 WPM level Montgomery (MOT) 30 Eolian, lacustrine, and Sandy Loam Chernozemic Gleyed Rego Black 10-20 Level to nearly 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline
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Topsoil Slope 2 Per- 2 2 1 1 Local Surface Stone 2 2 Code Quarter Section Soil Series Name 2 Soil Parent Material Soil Texture Soil Order Soil Group Thickness 2 Gradient 2 Drainage Salinity cent 1 Form 2 Class (cm) till Chernozem level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly AXD/xxxx NW 22-3-26 WPM Alexander (AXD) 100 Lacustrine and till Sandy loam Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Eolian, lacustrine, and Level to nearly DRI/xxxx NW 22 & NW 27-3-26 WPM Deloraine (DRI) 100 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till level Level to nearly EBL/xxxs SW 27-3-26 WPM Emblem (EBL) 100 Lacustrine Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Weakly saline level Level to nearly RYS/xxxx SW 27-3-26 WPM Ryerson (RYS) 100 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline level Eolian, lacustrine, and Level to nearly DRI/xxxx SW 27-3-26 WPM Deloraine (DRI) 30 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till level Level to nearly Waskada (WKD) 80 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline level WKD8-DNY2/xxxx-xxxx SW 27 & NW 27-3-26 WPM Eolian, lacustrine, and Sandy Loam to Clay Calcareous Black Level to nearly Dalny (DNY) 20 Chernozemic Up to 15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline till Loam Chernozem level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly LIK/xxxx NW 27 & NE 28-3-26 WPM Linklater (LIK) 100 Lacustrine and outwash Sandy Loam Chernozemic 5-10 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Level to nearly EBL/xxxx NE 28-3-26 WPM Emblem (EBL) 100 Lacustrine Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Level to nearly RYS/xxxx NE 28 & SE 33-3-26 WPM Ryerson (RYS) 100 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline level Eroded Slope Very strongly $ER/xgxx SE 33-3-26 W4M 100 - - - - - 30-45 Non-stony Well Non-saline Complex sloping Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Black Level to nearly TWC/xxxx SE 33-3-26 W4M Two Creeks (TWC) 100 Fine Loam Chernozemic 8-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline till Chernozem level Level to nearly WKD/xxxx SE 33-3-26 W4M Waskada (WKD) 100 Lacustrine and till Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline level Loamy Fine Sand to Gleyed Black Level to nearly LUD/xxxx SE 33-3-26 W4M Lauder (LUD) 100 Lacustrine Chernozemic 10-25 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Fine Sand Chernozem level Very Fine Sand to Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly MNH/xxxx NW 33-3-26 WPM Mentieth (MNH) 100 Lacustrine and till Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Loamy Very Fine Sand Chernozem level Eolian, lacustrine, and Sandy Loan to Clay Calcareous Black Level to nearly DNY/xxxx NW 33-3-26 WPM Dalny (DNY) 100 Chernozemic Up to15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline till Loam Chernozem level Coarse Sandy Loam to Gleyed Black Level to nearly CWG/xxxx NW 33-3-26 WPM; & SW 4-4-26 WPM Cartwright (CWG) 100 Outwash Chernozemic Up to 23 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Loamy Sand Chernozem level Sandy Loam to Loamy Level to nearly BED/xxxx SW 4 & NW 4-4-26 WPM Bede (BED) 100 Outwash Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-10 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Sand level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly HRY/xxxx NW 4-4-26 WPM Hartney (HRY) 100 Lacustrine Loam Chernozemic 10-12 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly HRY/xxxs NW 4-4-26 WPM Hartney (HRY) 100 Lacustrine Loam Chernozemic 10-12 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Weakly saline Chernozem level Fine sand to Loamy Fine Level to nearly STU/xxxx NW 4-4-26 WPM Stanton (STU) 100 Lacustrine Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Sand level Level to nearly LGT/xxxx NW 4 & SW 9-4-26 WPM Leighton (LGT) 100 Alluvial Clay Loam to Clay Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Level to nearly NEI/xxxx NW 4, SE 8, & SW 9-4-26 WPM Neelin (NEI) 100 Alluvial - Regosolic Gleyed Cumulic Regosol <20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline level Level to nearly $ZZ/xxxx SE 8-4-26 WPM Water 100 - - - - - 0-0.5 Non-stony - Non-saline level Level to nearly MON/xxxx NE 8-4-26 WPM Maon (MON) 100 Lacustrine Loamy very fine sand Chernozemic Rego Black Chernozem - 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline level Eroded Slope Very strongly $ER/xgxxx NE 8-4-26 WPM 100 - - - - - 30-45 Non-stony Well Non-saline Complex sloping Loam to Fine Sandy Level to nearly NWS/xxxx NE 8 & SE 17-4-26 WPM Newstead (NWS) 100 Lacustrine and till Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-13 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Loam level Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly MOT/xxxx SE 17-4-26 WPM Montgomery (MOT) 100 Sandy Loam Chernozemic 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline till Chernozem level Level to nearly EBL/xxxx SE 17-4-26 WPM Emblem (EBL) 100 Lacustrine Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Level to nearly CUC/xxxx NW 17-4-26 WPM Chaucer (CUC) 100 Lacustrine and outwash Loamy sand Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-13 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline level Very Fine Sand to Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly MNH/xxxx NW 17 & NE 18-4-26 WPM Mentieth (MNH) 100 Lacustrine and till Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Loamy Very Fine Sand Chernozem level Sandy Loam to Loamy Level to nearly LYT/xxxx NE 18 & SE 19-4-26 WPM Lyleton (LYT) 100 Lacustrine Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 12-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Very Fine Sand level PUE/xxxx SE 19-4-26 WPM Plum Creek (PUE) 100 Lacustrine Loamy Very Fine Sand Regosolic Gleyed Regosol - Level to nearly 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline
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Topsoil Slope 2 Per- 2 2 1 1 Local Surface Stone 2 2 Code Quarter Section Soil Series Name 2 Soil Parent Material Soil Texture Soil Order Soil Group Thickness 2 Gradient 2 Drainage Salinity cent 1 Form 2 Class (cm) level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly Switzer (SWZ) 70 Lacustrine Very Fine Sandy Loam Chernozemic 12-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level SWZ7-DBW3/xxxx-xxxx SE 19-4-26 WPM Gleyed Black Level to nearly Denbow (DBW) 30 Lacustrine - Chernozemic 10-12 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly SWZ/xxxx SW 19 & NW 19-4-26 WPM Switzer (SWZ) 100 Lacustrine Very Fine Sandy Loam Chernozemic 12-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Gleyed Black Level to nearly AHY/xxxx SW 19 & NW 19-4-26 WPM Ashbury (AHY) 100 Lacustrine and till Loamy Very Fine Sand Chernozemic Up to 20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level NW 19-4-26 WPM; NE 24 & SE 25-4- Eolian, lacustrine, and Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly MOT/xxxx Montgomery (MOT) 100 Sandy Loam Chernozemic 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline 27 WPM till Chernozem level Level to nearly EBL/xxxx SE 25-4-27 WPM Emblem (EBL) 100 Lacustrine Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly HRY/xxxx SE 25-4-27 WPM Hartney (HRY) 100 Lacustrine Loam Chernozemic 10-12 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Fine Sand to Loamy Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly SOU/xxxx SE 25 & NW 25-4-27 WPM Souris (SOU) 100 Lacustrine Chernozemic 17-22 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Fine Sand Chernozem level Fine Sand to Loamy Level to nearly SW 25, NW 25, SE 35, NE 35, NW 35, Stanton (STU) 50 Lacustrine Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Fine Sand level STU5-LUD5/xxxx-xxxx & SW 36-4-27 WPM; SW 2 & NW 2-5- Loamy Fine Sand to Gleyed Black Level to nearly 27 WPM Lauder (LUD) 50 Lacustrine Chernozemic 10-25 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Fine Sand Chernozem level Level to nearly RUG/xxxx SE 35 & NE 35-4-27 WPM Rutledge (RUG) 100 Eolian - Regosolic Gleyed Regosol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline level Level to nearly EBL/xxxx NW 35-4-27 WPM Emblem (EBL) 100 Lacustrine Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Fine Sand to Loamy Level to nearly STU/xxxx NW 2, NE 3 & SE 10-5-27 WPM Stanton (STU) 100 Lacustrine Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Fine Sand level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly NPK/xxxx NW 2-5-27 WPM Napinka (NPK) 100 Outwash - Chernozemic 13-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level carbonated Rego Humic Level to nearly WIL/xxxx NW 10 & NE 16-5-27 WPM William (WIL) 100 Lacustrine and Outwash Fine Sandy Loam Gleysolic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline Gleysol level Sandy Loam to Loamy Level to nearly BED/xxxx NW 10-5-27 WPM Bede (BED) 100 Outwash Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-10 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Sand level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly Napinka (NPK) 50 Outwash - Chernozemic 13-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level NPK5-NNG5/xxxx-xxxt NW 10 & SW 15-5-27 WPM Level to nearly Moderately Ninga (NNG) 50 Lacustrine Clay Loam Solonetzic Gleyed Black Solonetz Up to 5 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly level saline Calcareous Black Level to nearly Broomhill (BOH) 50 Outwash Variable Chernozemic Up to 15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Chernozem level BOH5-BED5/xxxx-xxxx SW 15-5-27 WPM Sandy Loam to Loamy Level to nearly Bede (BED) 50 Outwash Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-10 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Sand level Calcareous Black Level to nearly BOH/xxxx SE 16-5-27 WPM Broomhill (BOH) 100 Outwash Variable Chernozemic Up to 15 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Chernozem level Calcareous Black Level to nearly BRO/xxxx NE 16-5-27 WPM Breadon (BRO) 100 Lacustrine and Outwash Loam Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Chernozem level carbonated Gleyed Level to nearly GPE/xxxx NE 16 & SE 21-5-27 WPM Gopher Creek (GPE) 100 Lacustrine and Outwash Very Fine Sandy Loam Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Rego Black Chernozem level carbonated Gleyed Level to nearly Gopher Creek (GPE) 50 Lacustrine and Outwash Very Fine Sandy Loam Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Rego Black Chernozem level GPE5-BRO5/xxxx-xxxx NE 16-5-27 WPM Calcareous Black Level to nearly Breadon (BRO) 50 Lacustrine and Outwash Loam Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Chernozem level carbonated Rego Humic Level to nearly PDG/xxxx NE 16 & SE 21-5-27 WPM Partridge PDG) 100 Outwash - Gleysolic 10-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline Gleysol level Sandy Loam to Loamy Level to nearly BED/xxxx SE 21-5-27 WPM Bede (BED) 100 Outwash Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-10 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Sand level carbonated Gleyed Level to nearly Gopher Creek (GPE) 50 Lacustrine and Outwash Very Fine Sandy Loam Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Rego Black Chernozem level GPE5-GLN5/xxxx-xxxx SE 21 & NW 21-5-27 WPM Gleyed Black Level to nearly Glenview (GLN) 50 Lacustrine and Outwash Loam Chernozemic - 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly NPK/xxxx NW 21-5-27 WPM Napinka (NPK) 100 Outwash - Chernozemic 13-20 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level Moderately Ryerson (RYS) 70 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Well Non-saline stony RYS7-HHY2-SYE1/xc2x- SW 28, NW 28, SE 32, SW 33-5-27 Moderately xc2x-xx2x WPM Hathaway (HHY) 20 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Rego Black Chernozem 10-20 Very gently sloping 2-5 Well Non-saline stony Stoney Creek (SYE) 10 Till Loam to Clay Loam Gleysolic Orthic Humic Gleysol 12-18 Level to nearly 0-0.5 Moderately Poorly Non-saline
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Topsoil Slope 2 Per- 2 2 1 1 Local Surface Stone 2 2 Code Quarter Section Soil Series Name 2 Soil Parent Material Soil Texture Soil Order Soil Group Thickness 2 Gradient 2 Drainage Salinity cent 1 Form 2 Class (cm) level stony Ryerson (RYS) 60 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline NE 32-5-27 WPM; SE 5, NE 5, SE 8, RYS6-HHY3-TLT1/xcxx- Hathaway (HHY) 30 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Rego Black Chernozem 10-20 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline SW 8, NW 8, SW 17, & NW 17-6-27 xcxx-xxxx Level to nearly WPM Tilston (TLT) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Ryerson (RYS) 60 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Gleyed Rego Black RYS6-CSE3-TLT1/xcxx- Coatstone (CSE) 30 Till Clay loam Chernozemic 8-13 Very gently sloping 2-5 Slightly stony Imperfectly Non-saline NW 17 & SW 20-6-27 WPM Chernozem xcxx-xxxx Level to nearly Tilston (TLT) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Gleyed Rego Black Level to nearly Coatstone (CSE) 50 Till Clay loam Chernozemic 8-13 0-0.5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem level CSE5-RYS5/xxxx-xxxx SW 20-6-27 WPM Level to nearly Ryerson (RYS) 50 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 0-0.5 Non-stony Well Non-saline level Ryerson (RYS) 60 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Coatstone Gleyed Rego Black RYS6-CSE3-HHY1/xcxx- 30 Till Clay loam Chernozemic 8-13 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline NW 20-6-27 WPM (CSE) Chernozem xcxx-xcxx Hathaway 10 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Rego Black Chernozem 10-20 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline (HHY) Ryerson (RYS) 60 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline Gleyed Rego Black RYS7-CSE2-TLT1/xcxx- Coatstone (CSE) 30 Till Clay loam Chernozemic 8-13 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline NE 19 & NW 20-6-27 WPM Chernozem xcxx-xxxx Level to nearly Tilston (TLT) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Ryerson (RYS) 70 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline RYS7-HHY2-TLT1/3cxx- NE 19, SE 30, NE 30, SE 31, & NW Hathaway (HHY) 20 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Rego Black Chernozem 10-20 Very gently sloping 2-5 Non-stony Well Non-saline 3cxx-xxxx 31-6-27 WPM Level to nearly Tilston (TLT) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol - 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level SW 5, SE 6, NE 6, SE 7, NE 7, SW Ryerson (RYS) 70 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 3.5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline 18, & NW 18-7-27 WPM; NE 13, SE, Gleyed Rego Black Coatstone (CSE) 20 Till Clay loam Chernozemic 8-13 Nearly level 1.0 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline RYS7-CSE2-TLT1/xc1x- NW 24, SW 25, NW 25, SW 36, & NW Chernozem xbxx-xxxx 36-24-7-28 WPM; NW 1, SW 12, NW 12, SW 13, NW13, & SW 24-8-28 Tilston (TLT) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol - Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline WPM Ryerson (RYS) 70 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Gently sloping 7.5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline NW 7, NE 7, & SW 18-7-27 WPM; SW RYS7-CSE2-TLT1/xd1x- Gleyed Rego Black 24, SE 24-7-28 WPM; SW 1 & NW 13- Coatstone (CSE) 20 Till Clay loam Chernozemic 8-13 Nearly level 1.0 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline xbxx-xxxx Chernozem 8-28 WPM Tilston (TLT) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol - Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline Loam to Fine Sandy Newstead (NWS) 50 Lacustrine and till Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-13 Very gently sloping 3.5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline Loam NWS5-RYS4-DRI1/xc1x- NW 36-7-28 WPM Ryerson (RYS) 40 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 3.5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline xc1x-xxxx Eolian, lacustrine, and Deloraine (DRI) 10 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till Loam to Fine Sandy Very strongly Newstead (NWS) 50 Lacustrine and till Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-13 37.5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline Loam sloping NWS5-RYS4-DRI1/xg1x- NW 24-8-28 WPM Ryerson (RYS) 40 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 3.5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline xc1x-xxxx Eolian, lacustrine, and Deloraine (DRI) 10 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till Loam to Fine Sandy Newstead (NWS) 50 Lacustrine and till Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 5-13 Nearly level 1.0 Slightly stony Well Non-saline Loam NWS5-RYS4-DRI1/xb1x- NW 24 & SW 25-8-28 WPM Ryerson (RYS) 40 Till Loam to Clay Loam Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-30 Very gently sloping 3.5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline xc1x-xxxx Eolian, lacustrine, and Deloraine (DRI) 10 Loam Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol - Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline till Gleyed Rego Black Pipestone (PPT) 40 Lacustrine and alluvial Light Clay Chernozemic - Nearly level 1.0 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem PPT4-CRM4-AGW3/xbxx- carbonated Rego Humic SW & NW 25-8-28 WPM Cromer (CRM) 40 Lacustrine and alluvial Clay Gleysolic - Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Weakly saline xxxs-xxxx Gleysol Gleyed Black Agnew (AGW) 30 Lacustrine Clay Chernozemic - Nearly level 1.0 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Moderately Newdale (NDL) 70 Till - Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 15-35 Gently sloping 7.5 Slightly stony Non-saline NDL7 Well to Well VRC2-PEN1/xd1x-xbxx- NE 21-9-28 WPM Gleyed Rego Black Varcoe (VRC) 20 Till - Chernozemic 20-50 Nearly level 1.0 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline xxxx Chernozem Penrith (PEN) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol 5-45 Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline NDL7-VRC2-PEN1/xc1x- NW 25, SW 36, & NW 36-8-28 WPM; Moderately Newdale (NDL) 70 Till - Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 15-35 Very gently sloping 3.5 Slightly stony Non-saline xbxx-xxxx SW 1, NW 1, NE 2, SW 11, NW 10, Well to Well
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Topsoil Slope 2 Per- 2 2 1 1 Local Surface Stone 2 2 Code Quarter Section Soil Series Name 2 Soil Parent Material Soil Texture Soil Order Soil Group Thickness 2 Gradient 2 Drainage Salinity cent 1 Form 2 Class (cm) NE 10, SW 15, NE 20, SE 21, NE 21, Gleyed Rego Black Varcoe (VRC) 20 Till - Chernozemic 20-50 Nearly level 1.0 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline & NW 21-9-28 WPM Chernozem Penrith (PEN) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol 5-45 Nearly level to level 0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline Moderately Newdale (NDL) 70 Till - Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 15-35 Gently sloping 5-9 Slightly stony Non-saline Well to Well NDL7-VRC2-PEN1/xd1x- NE 16 & SE 28-9-28 WPM Gleyed Rego Black xbxx-xxxx Varcoe (VRC) 20 Till - Chernozemic 20-50 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Penrith (PEN) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol 5-45 Nearly level to level 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline Jaymar (JAY) 50 Lacustrine/Till Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 10-15 Very gently sloping 2-5 Slightly stony Well Non-saline Moderately JAY5-NDL4-VFF1/xc1x- Newdale (NDL) 40 Till - Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 15-35 Very gently sloping 2-5 Slightly stony Non-saline NE 28-9-28 WPM Well to Well xc1x-xxxx Level to nearly Vodroff (VFF) 10 Lacustrine/Till - Gleysolic Rego Humic Gleysol 10-18 0-5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline level Moderately Newdale (NDL) 70 Till - Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 15-35 Very gently sloping 2-5 Slightly stony Non-saline Well to Well NDL7-VRC2-PEN1/xc1x- SE 5, NE 5, & SE 8-10-28 WPM Gleyed Rego Black xbxx-xxxx Varcoe (VRC) 20 Till - Chernozemic 20-50 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Penrith (PEN) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol 5-45 Nearly level to level 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline Moderately Newdale (NDL) 70 Till - Chernozemic Orthic Black Chernozem 15-35 Gently sloping 5-9 Slightly stony Non-saline Well to Well NDL7-VRC2-PEN1/xd1x- SE 8, NE 8, SE 17, NE 17, & NW 17- Gleyed Rego Black xbxx-xxxx 10-28 WPM Varcoe (VRC) 20 Till - Chernozemic 20-50 Nearly level 0.5-2 Non-stony Imperfectly Non-saline Chernozem Penrith (PEN) 10 Till - Gleysolic Humic Luvic Gleysol 5-45 Nearly level to level 0-0.5 Non-stony Poorly Non-saline 1 Source: Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives (n.d.)
2 Source: Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives (2010)
3 Source: Government of Manitoba (2012b-f)
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Appendix 3 Preliminary List of Wetlands to be Crossed by Project Proposed Proposed Crossing Crossing Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location 1 Number Location Crossing Equipment Method2 Crossing 1 Farmed NE 23-2-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 2 Farmed NW 26-2-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 3 Farmed SE 11-3-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 4 Farmed NW 11-3-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 5 Farmed SE 15-3-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 6 II NE 28-3-26 WPM Bisect Minimize disturbance TBD 7 Farmed SW 4-4-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 8 III - IV NW 4-4-26 WPM Edge Trenchless TBD 9 III - IV SW 9-4-26 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 10 Farmed SW 9-4-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 11 Farmed NW 17-4-26 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 12 Farmed NW 17-4-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 13 Bush SW 19-4-26 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 14 Low prairie NE 16-5-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 15 Drainage NE 16-5-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 16 Drainage NE 21-5-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 17 Drainage NW 21-5-27 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 18 II-III NW 21-5-27 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 19 II - III SW 28-5-27 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 20 III SW 28-5-27 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 21 III NW 28-5-27 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 22 II - III SW 33-5-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 23 II - III SW 33-5-27 WPM Bisect Minimize disturbance TBD 24 III NE 32-5-27 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 25 Hayed -III NE 32-5-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 26 II - III NE 32-5-27 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 27 II NW 4-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 28 II- III SW 9-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 29 III SW 9-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 30 II - III SW 9-6-27 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 31 III SW 9-6-27 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 32 III SW 9-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 33 Farmed SW 16-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 34 II - III SW 16-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 35 II - III SW 16-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 36 II - III SW 16-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 37 II SW 16-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 38 Hayed - II NW 16-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 39 III NW 16-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 40 Hayed - II NE 17-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 41 Hayed - II SE 20-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD
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42 III SE 20-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 43 Hayed - II SE 20-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 44 II - III NE 19-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 45 Hayed - II SE 30-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 46 Hayed - II SE 30-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 47 Hayed - II SE 30-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 48 II - III SE 30-6-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 49 II -III NE 30-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 50 II - III NE 30-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 51 III NE 30-6-27 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 52 III SE 31-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 53 Hayed - II SE 31-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 54 III - IV SE 31-6-27 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 55 Hayed - III NW 31-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 56 Hayed - III NW 31-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 57 Hayed - II NW 31-6-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 58 Hayed - II SW 5-7-27 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 59 Dugout - II SE 6-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 60 III NE 6-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 61 Hayed - II SE 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 62 Hayed - II SE 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 63 Hayed - II SE 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 64 Hayed SE 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 65 Hayed SE 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 66 Hayed - II SE 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 67 Hayed SE 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 68 III NW 7-7-27 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 69 Bush SW 18-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 70 Bush SW 18-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 71 Hayed - II SW 18-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 72 III NW 18-7-27 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 73 Bush NE 13-7-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 74 III - IV SE 24-7-28 WPM Edge Trenchless TBD 75 III - IV SE 24-7-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 76 III - IV SE 24-7-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 77 Hayed - II SE 24-7-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 78 III - IV SE 24-7-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 79 III SE 24-7-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 80 III SW 24-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut or trenchless TBD 81 II - III NW 24-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 82 II - III NW 24-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 83 III NW 24-7-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 84 III SW 25-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 85 III - IV SW 25-7-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 86 III - IV SW 25-7-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD
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87 II SW 25-7-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 88 III NW 25-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 89 II - III NW 25-7-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 90 Bush SW 36-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 91 III SW 36-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 92 II - III NW 36-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 93 III NW 36-7-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 94 III SW 1-8-28 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 95 III SW 1-8-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 96 III NW 1-8-28 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 97 III NW 1-8-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 98 II - III NW 1-8-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 99 III SW 13-8-28 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 100 IV SW 13-8-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 101 III NW 13-8-28 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 102 III - IV NW 13-8-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 103 III - IV SW 24-8-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 104 III SW 24-8-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 105 II - III SW 24-8-28 WPM Edge Minimize disturbance TBD 106 III SW 36-8-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 107 III NW 36-8-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 108 III NW 36-8-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 109 III NW 36-8-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 110 Hayed - II SW 1-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 111 Hayed - II SW 1-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 112 II SW 1-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 113 II SW 1-9-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 114 II - III NE 2-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 115 II NE 2-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 116 Hayed - II NE 2-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 117 III SW 11-9-28 WPM Bisect Trenchless TBD 118 Farmed NW 11-9-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 119 Hayed - II NE 10-9-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 120 II NW 10-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 121 II - III NW 10-9-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 122 III SE 16-9-28 WPM Bisect Open cut TBD 123 III SE 16-9-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD 124 III - IV NE 16-9-28 WPM Edge Open cut TBD
1 Bisect = right-of-way completely within wetland; Edge = portion or entire right-of-way crosses edge of wetland 2 Trenchless = wetland crossed using punch bore or HDD; Open cut = wetland crossed using trenched method; Minimize Disturbance = very small portion of right-of-way crosses wetland and disturbance avoided
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Appendix 4 Manitoba Noxious Weeds
Scientific Name Common Name
Agropyron repens Quackgrass Amaranthus albus Tumble Pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot Pigweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia Common Ragweed Ambrosia trifida Giant Ragweed Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane Arctium lappa Great Burdock Arctium minus Common Burdock Arctium tomentosum Woolly Burdock Artemisia absinthium Absinth Artemisia biennis Biennial Wormwood Artemisia frigida Pasture Sage Artemisia vulgaris Common Wormwood Asclepias speciosa Showy Milkweed Asclepias syriaca Common Milkweed Avena fatua Wild Oats Axyris amaranthoides Russian Pigweed Berberis vulgaris Barberry (all deciduous varieties) Bidens frondosa Devil's Beggarticks Bromus tectorum Downy Brome Grass Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd's-purse Carduus nutans Nodding Thistle Centaurea diffusa Diffuse Knapweed Centaurea maculosa Spotted Knapweed Centaurea repens Russian Knapweed Cerastium arvense Field Chickweed Cerastium nutans Long-stalked Chickweed Cerastium vulgatum Mouse-eared Chickweed Chenopodium album Lamb's-quarters Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Ox-eye Daisy Cicuta spp. Water-hemlock Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle Cirsium flodmanii Flodman's Thistle Cirsium undulatum Wavy-leaved Thistle Cirsium vulgare Bull Thistle Convolvulus arvensis Field Bindweed Crepis tectorum Narrow-leaved Hawk's Beard Cuscuta spp. Dodder Cyperus esculentus Yellow Nutsedge Datura stramonium Jimsonweed Descurainia richardsonii Gray Tansy Mustard Descurainia sophia Flixweed Dracocephalum parviflorum American Dragonhead Echinochloa crusgalli Barnyard Grass Echium vulgare Viper's Bugloss Erodium cicutarium Stork's-bill Erucastrum gallicum Dog Mustard Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress Spurge Euphorbia esula Leafy Spurge Fagopyrum tataricum Tartary Buckwheat Galeopsis tetrahit Hemp-nettle Galium aparine Cleavers Grindelia squarrosa Gumweed Gypsophila paniculata Baby's Breath
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Scientific Name Common Name
Hordeum jubatum Foxtail Barley Hypericum perforatum St. John's Wort Iva xanthifolia False Ragweed Kochia scoparia Kochia Lactuca pulchella Blue Lettuce Lactuca serriola Prickly Lettuce Lamium amplexicaule Henbit Lappula echinata Bluebur Linaria dalmatica Dalmatian Toadflax Linaria vulgaris Yellow Toadflax Lolium persicum Persian Darnel Lychnis alba White Cockle Lygodesmia juncea Skeletonweed Lythrum spp. Loosestrife Malva pusilla Round-leaved Mallow Matricaria maritima var. agrestis Scentless Chamomile Neslia paniculata Ball Mustard Odontites serotina Red Bartsia Oxytropis campestris Late Yellow Locoweed Oxytropis sericea Early Yellow Locoweed Oxytropis splendens Showy Locoweed Polygonum convolvulus Wild Buckwheat Polygonum lapathifolium Pale Smartweed Polygonum persicaria Lady's-thumb Polygonum scabrum Green Smartweed Rhamnus cathartica Common Buckthorn Rhamnus frangula Alder Buckthorn Rhus radicans Poison-ivy Salsola kali Russian thistle Saponaria vaccaria Cow Cockle Senecio vulgaris Common Groundsel Setaria glauca Yellow Foxtail Setaria viridis Green Foxtail Silene cserei Biennial Campion Silene cucubalus Bladder Campion Silene noctiflora Night-flowering Catchfly Sinapis arvensis Wild Mustard Sisymbrium altissimum Tumble Mustard Solanum spp. Nightshade Solanum triflorum Wild Tomato Sonchus glabrescens Smooth perennial sow-thistle Sonchus oleraceus Annual Sow-thistle Stellaria media Common Chickweed Tanacetum vulgare Tansy Taraxacum officinale Dandelion Thlaspi arvense Stinkweed Tragopogon pratensis Meadow Goat's Beard Urtica dioica Stinging Nettle Xanthium strumarium Cocklebur Zygadenus gramineus Death Camas
Source: Government of Manitoba (1988b)
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Appendix 5 Rare Plant Species in the Aspen Parkland Ecoregion
Manitoba CDC Rank* Scientific Name Common Name S Rank G Rank Agalinis aspera Rough Purple False-foxglove S1S2 G5 Alisma gramineum Narrow-leaved Water-plantain S1 G5 Ambrosia acanthicarpa Sandbur S1S2 G5 Andropogon hallii Sand Bluestem S2S3 G4 Aristida purpurea var. longiseta Red Three-awn S1 G5T5? Arnica fulgens Shining Arnica S2 G5 Artemisia cana Silver Sagebrush S2 G5 Asarum canadense Wild Ginger S3S4 G5 Asclepias lanuginosa Hairy Milkweed S2 G4? Asclepias verticillata Whorled Milkweed S3 G5 Asclepias viridiflora Green Milkweed S3 G5 Astragalus gilviflorus Cushion Milkvetch S1 G5 Astragalus pectinatus Narrow-leaved Milkvetch S2S3 G5 Atriplex argentea Saltbrush S2 G5 Bidens amplissima Beggar-ticks SNA G3 Boltonia asteroides var. recognita White Boltonia S2S3 G5T3T5 Botrychium campestre Prairie Moonwort S1 G3G4 Botrychium multifidum Leathery Grape-fern S3 G5 Bouteloua curtipendula Side-oats Grama S2S3 G5 Bromus porteri Porter's Chess S3? G5 Bromus pubescens Canada Brome Grass SNA G5 Buchloe dactyloides Buffalograss S1 G4G5 Calamagrostis montanensis Plains Reed Grass S3 G5 Callitriche heterophylla Larger Water-starwort S2 G5 Carex bicknellii Bicknell's Sedge SH G5 Carex cryptolepis Northeastern Sedge S1 G4 Carex gravida Heavy Sedge S1 G5 Carex hallii Hall's Sedge S3 G4?Q Carex hystericina Porcupine Sedge S3? G5 Carex parryana Parry's Sedge S3? G4 Carex prairea Prairie Sedge S4? G5? Carex sterilis Dioecious Sedge S2 G4 Carex supina var. spaniocarpa Weak Sedge S2? G5T3T5 Carex tetanica Rigid Sedge S2 G4G5 Carex torreyi Torrey's Sedge S4 G4 Carex tribuloides Prickly Sedge SNA G5 Carex xerantica White-scaled Sedge S3? G5 Celtis occidentalis Hackberry S1 G5 Chamaesyce geyeri Prostrate Spurge S1 G5 Chenopodium subglabrum Smooth Goosefoot S1 G3G4
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Manitoba CDC Rank* Scientific Name Common Name S Rank G Rank Circaea lutetiana ssp. canadensis Large Enchanter's-nightshade S2 G5T5 Clematis ligusticifolia Western Virgin's-bower S1 G5 Clematis virginiana Virgin's-bower S2 G5 Coreopsis tinctoria Common Tickseed SH G5 Corispermum americanum var. americanum American Bugseed S2S3 G5?T5? Corispermum hookeri var. hookeri Hooker's Bugseed S1 G4G5T4T5 Corispermum pallasii Pallas' Bugseed SU G4? Corispermum villosum Hairy Bugseed S1S2 G4? Cornus alternifolia Alternate-leaved Dogwood S3 G5 Cryptotaenia canadensis Honewort S2 G5 Cycloloma atriplicifolium Winged Pigseed S2 G5 Cymopterus acaulis Plains Cymopterus S2S3 G5 Cyperus houghtonii Houghton's Umbrella-sedge S2 G4? Cyperus schweinitzii Schweinitz's Flatsedge S2 G5 Cypripedium candidum Small White Lady's-slipper S2 G4 Dalea villosa var. villosa Silky Prairie-clover S2S3 G5T5 Desmodium canadense Beggar's-lice S2 G5 Dichanthelium linearifolium White-haired Panic-grass S2 GNR Dichanthelium wilcoxianum Sand Millet S2 G5 Drosera anglica Oblong-leaved Sundew S3 G5 Eleocharis engelmannii Engelmann's Spike-rush S1 G4G5 Elymus hystrix Bottle-brush Grass S2 G5 Eragrostis hypnoides Creeping Teal Love Grass S4 G5 Erigeron caespitosus Tufted Fleabane S2 G5 Festuca hallii Plains Rough Fescue S3 G4 Festuca subverticillata Nodding Fescue S1 G5 Galium aparine Cleavers SU G5 Hackelia floribunda Large Flowered Stickseed SU G5? Helianthus nuttallii ssp. rydbergii Tuberous-rooted Sunflower S2 G5T5 Heliotropium curassavicum Seaside Heliotrope SH G5 Hypoxis hirsuta Yellow Stargrass S4 G5 Juncus interior Inland Rush S1 G4G5 Krascheninnikovia lanata Winterfat S2 G5 Leersia oryzoides Rice Cutgrass S3? G5 Lemna turionifera Duckweed SU G5 Large White-flowered Ground- Leucophysalis grandiflora S3 G4? cherry Linum sulcatum Grooved Yellow Flax S3 G5 Lomatium foeniculaceum Hairy-fruited Parsley S3 G5 Lomatium macrocarpum Long-fruited Parsley S3 G5 Lomatium orientale White-flowered Parsley S1 G5 Lomatogonium rotatum Marsh Felwort S2S3 G5
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Manitoba CDC Rank* Scientific Name Common Name S Rank G Rank Lotus unifoliolatus prarie trefoil S2S3 G5 Malaxis monophyllos White Adder's-mouth S2? G5 Malaxis paludosa Bog Adder's-mouth S1 G4 Mentzelia decapetala Gumbo-lily SH G5 Mertensia lanceolata Tall Lungwort S2 G5 Mimulus glabratus Smooth Monkeyflower S1 G5 Mimulus glabratus var. jamesii Smooth Monkeyflower S1 G5T5 Musineon divaricatum Leafy Musineon S2 G5 Myosurus minimus ssp. minimus Least Mousetail S1 G5T5 Nassella viridula Green Needle Grass S3 G5 Orobanche ludoviciana Louisiana Broom-rape S2 G5 Osmorhiza claytonii Wooly or Hairy Sweet Cicely S2 G5 Ostrya virginiana Hop-hornbeam S2 G5 Oxytropis sericea Early Yellow Locoweed S1 G5 Parietaria pensylvanica American Pellitory S4 G5 Penstemon nitidus Smooth Blue Beard-tongue S2 G5 Penstemon procerus Slender Beard-tongue S1? G5 Phlox hoodii Moss Pink S3 G5 Phryma leptostachya Lopseed S3 G5 Plagiobothrys scouleri var. scouleri Scouler's Allocarya S1 G5TNR Plantago elongata ssp. elongata Linear Leaved-plantain S2 G4T4 Platanthera orbiculata Round-leaved Bog Orchid S3 G5 Poa arida Plains Blue Grass S4 G5 Poa cusickii Mutton-grass S2? G5 Poa fendleriana Mutton Grass S2 G5 Polanisia dodecandra ssp. dodecandra Clammyweed S1 G5T5? Polanisia dodecandra ssp. trachysperma Clammyweed S1 G5T5? Polygala verticillata Whorled Milkwort S2 G5 Polygala verticillata var. isocycla Whorled Milkwort S2 G5T5 Potamogeton amplifolius Large-leaved Pondweed S2? G5 Potamogeton illinoensis Illinois Pondweed S2 G5 Potentilla plattensis Low Cinquefoil S2 G4 Ranunculus cymbalaria var. Seaside Crowfoot S1S2 G5T5 saximontanus Rhynchospora alba White Beakrush S3? G5 Rhynchospora capillacea Horned Beakrush S2 G4 Sanguinaria canadensis Blood-root S2 G5 Schedonnardus paniculatus Tumble-grass S2 G5 Shinnersoseris rostrata Annual Skeletonweed S1S2 G5? Sisyrinchium campestre White-eyed Grass SU G5 Sporobolus neglectus Annual Dropseed S3? G5 Thermopsis rhombifolia Golden Bean S2 G5
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Manitoba CDC Rank* Scientific Name Common Name S Rank G Rank Townsendia exscapa Silky Townsend-daisy S2 G5 Tradescantia occidentalis Western Spiderwort S1 G5 Uvularia sessilifolia Small Bellwort S2 G5 Verbena bracteata Bracted Vervain S3 G5
* Source: Government of Manitoba (2012a)
Heritage Ranks
Rank Definition
Very rare throughout its range or in the province (5 or fewer occurrences, or very few remaining individuals). May be 1 especially vulnerable to extirpation.
2 Rare throughout its range or in the province (6 to 20 occurrences). May be vulnerable to extirpation.
3 Uncommon throughout its range or in the province (21 to 100 occurrences). Widespread, abundant, and apparently secure throughout its range or in the province, with many occurrences, but 4 the element is of long-term concern (> 100 occurrences). Demonstrably widespread, abundant, and secure throughout its range or in the province, and essentially impossible 5 to eradicate under present conditions. U Possibly in peril, but status uncertain; more information needed. H Historically known; may be rediscovered. X Believed to be extinct; historical records only, continue search. SNR A species not ranked. A rank has not yet assigned or the species has not been evaluated. SNA A conservation status rank is not applicable to the element.
Other Heritage Codes
Code Definition
Numeric range rank: A range between two of the numeric ranks. Denotes range of uncertainty about the exact rarity G#G#/S#S# of the species.
Subranks
Code Definition
Rank for subspecific taxon (subspecies, variety, or population); appended to the global rank for the full species, e.g. T G4T3.
Qualifiers
Code Definition
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Breeding status of a migratory species. Example: S1B,SZN - breeding occurrences for the species are ranked S1 B (critically imperilled) in the province, nonbreeding occurrences are not ranked in the province.
Non-breeding status of a migratory species. Example: S1B,SZN - breeding occurrences for the species are ranked N S1 (critically imperilled) in the province, nonbreeding occurrences are not ranked in the province.
Q Taxonomic questions or problems involved, more information needed; appended to the global rank.
T Rank for subspecific taxon (subspecies, variety, or population); appended to the global rank for the full species.
# A modifier to SX or SH; the species has been reintroduced but the population is not yet established.
? Inexact or uncertain; for numeric ranks, denotes inexactness.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN FOR THE PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA SALES LINE PIPELINE PROJECT
Prepared for: Penn West Exploration Calgary, Alberta
Issued for Review: Rev.1
Prepared by:
Airdrie, Alberta
April 2012 RCS Project No.: 12-3247
EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Project Description ...... 1 1.2 Schedule ...... 1 2. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN ...... 4 3. KICK-OFF MEETINGS REVIEW ...... 5 3.1 Environmental Concerns and Proposed Mitigation ...... 5 4. ROUTINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES ...... 7 5. CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES ...... 10 5.1 Surveying and Right-of-Way Construction Preparation ...... 10 5.2 Clearing ...... 10 5.3 Grading ...... 11 5.4 Topsoil Stripping ...... 11 5.5 Stringing, Trenching Lowering-in and Backfilling ...... 15 5.6 Testing ...... 16 5.7 Final Clean-up and Reclamation ...... 17 6. WATERCOURSE AND WETLAND CROSSINGS ...... 22 6.1 Regulatory Requirements ...... 22 6.1.1 Manitoba Water Stewardship ...... 22 6.1.2 Fisheries and Oceans Canada ...... 22 6.1.3 Transport Canada ...... 23 6.2 Watercourse and Wetland Crossing Details ...... 24 6.2.1 Watercourse Crossings ...... 24 6.2.2 Wetland Crossings ...... 29 6.3 Construction...... 29 6.3.1 Horizontal Directional Drill ...... 30 6.3.2 Dry or Frozen to Bed Open Cut ...... 33 6.3.4 Wetland Construction ...... 33 6.4 Watercourse Crossing Contingency Planning ...... 34 6.4.1 Horizontal Punch or Bore ...... 35 6.4.2 Isolation ...... 35 6.4.3 Drilling Fluid Release ...... 36 7. CONTINGENCY PLANNING ...... 41 7.1 Wet Weather ...... 41 7.2 Species of Concern ...... 42 7.3 Topsoil Handling Contingency Plan ...... 42 7.4 Topsoil Erosion Protection ...... 44 7.5 Sediment Release ...... 44 7.6 Spills ...... 45 7.6.1 Response Procedures ...... 45 7.6.2 Containment Procedures ...... 45 7.6.3 Reporting ...... 46 8. REFERENCES ...... 47 Personal Communications ...... 47 Literature Cited ...... 47
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Regional Location of the Proposed Penn West Exploration Waskada Pipeline Project ..... 3 Figure 2 Drilling Fluid Release Matrix ...... 40
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1 Project Technical Details ...... 1 Table 5.1 Topsoil Stripping Construction Methods ...... 14 Table 6.1 Watercourse Crossings ...... 25 Table 6.2 Water Quality Monitoring ...... 32 Table 6.3 Contingency Watercourse Crossing Method ...... 34 Table 6.4 Drilling Fluid Release Contacts ...... 37
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Contacts ...... 49 Appendix B Environmental Typical Drawings ...... 53 Appendix C DFO OS Notice ...... 76 Appendix D DFO Operational Statements ...... 92 Appendix E Manitoba Historic Resources Branch Memorandum (Pending) ...... 110 Appendix F Supplemental Application (Pending) ...... 111
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
Penn West Exploration (Penn West) manages the Waskada Pipeline (Petroleum Branch Operating License No. 23) which is an 87 km sales pipeline that transports crude oil from their battery site at 12-30-1-25 WPM to the Enbridge Pipelines Inc. (Enbridge) Cromer terminal at 13-17-9-28 WPM (Figure 1). The original pipeline was constructed in 1984/1985.
Over recent years, Penn West has conducted in-line inspections and replaced or repaired sections of pipeline along the route. As an alternative to future pipeline replacements, Penn West is proposing to construct a new, approximately 90 km long Waskada Pipeline adjacent to their existing right-of-way (the Project). The new pipeline route will consist of a 219.1 mm O.D. (8 inch, Nominal Pipeline Size [NPS]) crude oil pipeline and a 114.3 mm O.D. (4 inch NPS) natural gas liquid pipeline installed in a common trench. The 114.3 mm O.D. natural gas liquid pipeline will not terminate at the Enbridge Cromer terminal but will continue north to 13-17-10-28 WPM. Valve stations and temporary facilities such as access roads will also be developed.
Table 1.1 provides a summary of the technical details for the proposed project.
Table 1.1 Project Technical Details
Crude Oil Pipeline Pipeline location : From 12-30-1-25 WPM to 13-17-9-28 WPM Size (mm O.D.) : 219.1 Total length (km) : 92 Pipe Material : Steel Product : Oil emulsion Right-of-Way (m) and Workspace (m) 20 m; 5 m (to the outer 20 m right-of-way margin) Depth of Cover (m) 1.5 minimum; greater depth of cover at watercourse and wetland crossings Access Existing low to high grade gravel roads, some temporary access roads Proposed valve site locations (further 5-25-8-28 WPM, 16-19-6-27 WPM, 5-24-8-28 WPM, 7-17-4-26 WPM and locations TBD) 10-17-4-26 WPM, 13-17-9-28 WPM
Natural Gas Liquids Pipeline Pipeline location : From 12-30-1-25 WPM to 13-17-10-28 WPM Size (mm O.D.) : 114.3 Total length (km) : 105 km Pipe Material : Steel Product : Natural Gas Liquids Right-of-Way (m) and Workspace (m) 20 m; 5 m (to the outer 20 m right-of-way margin) Depth of Cover (m) 1.5 minimum; greater depth of cover at watercourse and wetland crossings Access Existing low to high grade gravel roads, some temporary access roads Proposed valve site locations (further 5-25-8-28 WPM, 16-19-6-27 WPM, 5-24-8-28 WPM, 7-17-4-26 WPM and : locations TBD) 10-17-4-26 WPM
1.2 Schedule
Construction is proposed to begin in September 2012, following the acquisition of all regulatory approvals. Final clean-up will occur immediately following construction where possible during non-frozen ground conditions. If frozen ground conditions are encountered, final clean-up will occur during non-frozen ground conditions in spring 2013. If clean-up of native prairie and seeded pasture cannot occur under non-frozen ground conditions in fall 2012, then it will occur in 2013 following a spring wildlife survey and in
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project consultation with Manitoba Conservation. Final seeding will be conducted, if needed, immediately following topsoil replacement during non-frozen conditions.
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Provident Facility 13-17-10-28 WPM R.M. of Wallace
Cromer Facility 13-17-9-28 WPM
Pipestone Creek
R.M. of Pipestone
6 Reston
R.M. of Albert Stony Creek
Jackson Creek Melita Souris River
R.M. of Arthur R.M. of Brenda
Waskada Waskada Creek 30-1-25 WPM Battery Site LEGEND FIGURE 1 LOCATION OF THE Penn West Exploration Waskada Pipeline PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA SALES LINE PROJECT Existing Penn West Exploration Pipeline Watercourses Municipality
Rural Municipality
Scale: 1:450,000 Source Imagery: www.valtus.com Kilometers 12-3247 0 3.75 7.5 15 22.5 30 Survey: Altus Geomatics EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
2. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PLAN
Penn West has retained Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. (RCS) to conduct environmental planning for the pipeline project, including the preparation of an Environmental Assessment (EA) report for submission to the Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch of Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship (MBCWS). As Part B of the EA, RCS has prepared an Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) (this report) which describes environmental protection measures to be implemented during pipeline construction in order to minimize potential impacts identified in the EA.
This is an interim report prepared to support the submission of the Environmental Assessment Proposal to MBCWS. A supplement will be submitted to MBCWS based on the results of the spring 2012 environmental surveys, which will include assessments of wildlife, vegetation, aquatics and soil along the proposed route. The results of all surveys will be included on the Environmental Alignment Sheets (EAS, Supplemental Application). General mitigation measures described in this report have been developed for construction to occur during both frozen and non-frozen conditions. Specific mitigation measures will be detailed, where necessary, based on the upcoming environmental surveys and included in the supplemental report. This EPP will be amended to include potential mitigation arising from concerns noted during the environmental surveys.
Environmental impacts during construction and operation of the pipeline can be avoided or minimized through appropriate mitigation. The EPP contains a list of environmental commitments and general environmental protection measures to be implemented for pipeline construction during frozen and non-frozen ground conditions, as well as additional mitigations for each construction phase (surveying, grading, topsoil stripping, stringing, trenching, lowering in, backfilling, watercourse crossings, testing and final clean-up) and contingency plans for adverse conditions and environmental incidents.
Reviewers/users of the EPP should recognize that the information presented will be used as a guide to minimize the overall environmental impact during pipeline replacement construction. However, other more suited or practical site specific solutions not previously identified (in this report, the supplemental application, or in other environmental documentation presented) may be implemented during construction. Changes to mitigation described in this report shall be approved by Penn West’s Project Manager, and applicable regulators, where necessary. As noted, this EPP will be amended following environmental surveys in spring/summer 2012 to ensure appropriate mitigation measures are conducted during construction and post-construction activities.
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
3. KICK-OFF MEETINGS REVIEW
A kick-off meeting will be held prior to pipeline construction to review the proposed mitigation described in the EPP, engineering details, construction specifications and watercourse crossing information. Tail-gate meetings shall occur routinely during construction, at frequencies determined by the Construction Field Supervisors. Individuals that will attend the kick-off meeting may include construction and environmental inspection staff, Penn West’s key management staff, the Contractor’s superintendents and drilling supervisors, RCS’s Environmental Planner, Environmental Inspector and other representatives chosen by Penn West’s Project Manager.
3.1 Environmental Concerns and Proposed Mitigation
The contents of the EPP shall be reviewed prior to construction. The Environmental Planner or Environmental Inspector shall answer any questions pertaining to the environmental requirements. An Environmental Inspector shall be assigned at the commencement of construction for a period determined by the Project Manager. The level of environmental inspection shall be determined by Penn West depending on the level of environmental sensitivities identified following the completion of the summer 2012 environmental surveys. Full time water quality monitoring shall be conducted during all horizontal directional drill (HDD) watercourse crossing. The Construction Field Supervisors, in conjunction with the Environmental Inspector shall be responsible for enforcing the contents of the EPP. Ducks Unlimited Canada shall be contacted prior to the commencement of construction in W 21-5-27 WPM of Jackson Creek (Cuthbert pers comm) (Appendix A). Landowner line lists shall be reviewed prior to entering site. Special landowner requests shall be followed. Landowner requests that go against the recommendations described in the EPP shall be discussed with the Project Manager prior to implementing the request. Clean-up and dispose of garbage and debris from the right-of-way. Loose garbage in the back of pick-ups will not be tolerated. Spill response equipment provided by the contractor will be onsite at all times during construction, and emergency/incident response will be conducted abiding by Penn West’s Emergency Response Plan. The Supplemental Application shall be reviewed prior to construction commencement. Construction equipment will arrive on site in clean and weed-free condition to minimize the spread of weeds. Equipment that arrives in dirty condition will be rejected. Areas with noted weeds of concern will be marked (Davies pers comm). Equipment shall be air or shovel cleaned immediately after working in an area with weeds and before demobilizing to a new location when traveling between Rural Municipalities (RMs). Cleaning stations will be set up at locations discussed with the RM Weed Supervisors and noted on the EAS (Supplemental Application). If a rare plant or wildlife species known, or suspected to be, a species of concern are identified in the project area, construction will be halted until mitigation plans can be discussed with Manitoba Conservation and Environment Canada, as required. Topsoil stripping will be attempted to be completed before freeze-up. Minimum disturbance topsoil stripping, approximately twice the width of the trench and up to 0.5 m wider on either side of the trench (approximately 2.5 m wide [maximum]), shall be conducted on native prairie, seeded pasture and hayland during non-frozen ground conditions, and on cultivated land during frozen ground conditions. Full right-of-way topsoil stripping shall occur on cultivated land during non-frozen ground condition. All available topsoil shall be stripped. Topsoil shall be stripped to the depth indicated on the EAS (Supplemental Application) or to color change, whichever is deepest.
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Review the EAS (Supplemental Application) for information on problem subsoil and related soils handling mitigation. The topsoil handling contingency plan shall be reviewed for shallow topsoil, deep topsoil, poor color separation between topsoil and subsoil, wet topsoil, stony soils, shallow bedrock, alternative soil handling requests by Landowner, unstable trench walls, uneven boundary between topsoil and subsoil, soil pulverization, high winds, rutting, and uneven surface on native prairie (Section 7.3). Construction will be halted during heavy precipitation events in areas with the potential to introduce sedimentation to watercourses. Care will be taken to minimize vegetation scalping, loss of spoil material and loss of topsoil during backfilling and topsoil replacement on native prairie, seeded pasture and hayland. Topsoil replacement will occur immediately following backfilling during non-frozen ground conditions. If frozen conditions occur, rough clean-up shall occur immediately following backfilling and final clean-up shall occur once the frost is out of the ground in spring 2013. Topsoil on all land uses shall not be replaced during frozen ground conditions. A wildlife survey shall occur prior to clean-up activities that occur after March 15, 2013. Native prairie with low erosion hazard will be left for natural recovery if approved by the landowner; otherwise, a native seed mix will be used. All watercourses with defined bed and banks, and all wetlands with standing water will be crossed by HDD to minimize disturbance to riparian areas and key wetland habitat (Weaver pers comm). All reasonable measures will be implemented to avoid disturbance to wetlands. All watercourse crossings will comply with Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) “Manitoba Stream Crossing Guidelines for Protection of Fish and Fish Habitat” and DFO Manitoba Operational Statements (MOS). HDDs of all watercourses shall be conducted following the EPP, the HDD design drawings, the stream crossings design report, and the geotechnical evaluation report (stand-alone reports to be finalized prior to construction). Water quality monitoring shall be conducted during the HDDs. The drilling contractor shall be required by Penn West to communicate with the monitoring crew. Contingency plans for losses of drilling fluid and watercourse crossings shall be initiated by the on-site water quality monitor. Monitor disturbed areas after one growing season for weed species establishment and to ensure the success of reclamation. Additional revegetation or weed control should be completed if necessary. A post-construction reclamation assessment (PCRA) shall be conducted by RCS following construction in mid to late summer 2013. Results of this assessment will be provided to MBCWS.
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
4. ROUTINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES
The measures in this section are common to all activities proposed by Penn West. The objective is to ensure Penn West, its contractors and subcontractors are aware of Project environmental standards and commitments, regulatory requirements, and approval conditions.
Protection Mitigation:
EPP and 1. The EPP and supplement (stand-alone report) shall form part of the Supplement construction documentation and will become part of the pipeline construction contracts for the Project. 2. A Supplemental Application will include environmental observations obtained from the summer 2012 environmental surveys. Detailed mitigation shall be outlined in this report and displayed on the EAS. This information shall be reviewed concurrently with the information presented in the EPP. 3. Penn West will ensure that: The EPP is properly implemented; Site specific environmental problems are solved at the field level; Communications are maintained with regulators; and Noncompliance issues are documented. Environmental 4. EAS (Supplemental Application) contain detailed information that should be
Alignment Sheets reviewed in conjunction with the EPP. Schedule 5. If the Project schedule changes, construction during sensitive timing windows will be avoided, or if necessary, will only be carried out if approval has been obtained. 6. Construction and final clean-up are proposed to be carried out during non-frozen conditions. However, if frozen conditions are encountered, rough clean-up will be conducted with final clean-up the following summer. 7. A wildlife survey will be conducted in spring 2013 if final clean-up will be conducted in summer 2013. Environmental 8. The level of environmental inspection will determined by the Project Inspection Manager. At a minimum, environmental inspection shall be conducted at critical points during pipeline construction. For example, environmental inspection will occur during initial site activities including topsoil stripping, and during construction through environmentally sensitive areas such as native prairie and watercourse crossings. Watercourse 9. Monitoring of watercourse crossings crossed by HDD construction shall be Crossings conducted to ensure that the requirements set in DFO’s MOS and Stream Monitoring Crossing Guidelines for Protection of Fish and Fish Habitat are met. Watercourse crossings monitoring requirements are outlined in Section 6.3. Access, Traffic 10. Construction equipment and vehicle access will be restricted to the Management, right-of-way, temporary workspace (TWS), existing roads, and approved Noise and Fencing shooflies and access roads. 11. During non-frozen conditions, construction equipment and vehicles will also be restricted to stripped areas, designated travel lanes and TWS to reduce soil compaction and pulverization, and impact to vegetation.
12. Where existing fences are crossed, adequate temporary fencing and bracing will be installed during construction activities, if requested by landowner or occupant (Appendix B, Drawing 1).
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Environmental 13. Locations of environmental sensitivities, including species of concern, and Sensitivities specific mitigation for these sites will be shown on the EAS (Supplemental Application).
Contingency Plans 14. Information on contingency plans for wet weather, topsoil handling and topsoil erosion are provided in Section 7. 15. Contingency plans for watercourse crossings (alternative construction, crossing methods), drilling fluid release, sediment release and spills are presented in Section 6.4. 16. If wildlife species of concern are identified during construction, work will be suspended in the immediate area until mitigation is discussed with Manitoba Conservation (Section 7.2). 17. If a plant species suspected of being rare or a species of concern is identified during construction, work will be suspended in the immediate area until mitigation is discussed with Manitoba Conservation (Section 7.2). 18. If historical or paleontological features are discovered during construction, work will be suspended in the immediate area until permission to continue is granted by the Manitoba Historic Resources Branch (Appendix E). Equipment and 19. Equipment will arrive on-site in clean condition and free of leaks. Servicing Equipment arriving in dirty condition shall not be permitted on the right-of-way until it has been cleaned at an approved location. 20. Above ground tanks and equipment will be visually inspected on a regular basis. Containers, hoses and nozzles will also be inspected regularly to ensure they are free of leaks and cracks. Repairs will be made where necessary. All fuel hoses will be equipped with automatic shut off valves. Debris and 21. All construction debris and personal garbage shall be routinely collected Garbage and disposed of at an approved location. Erosion 22. Soil erosion shall be prevented or controlled (Section 7.4). 23. Appropriate sedimentation controls (e.g., silt fencing, rip-rap, geosynthetics, berms and matting) will be installed at locations where siltation into a watercourse or wetland may occur (Appendix B, Drawing 2). Biodegradable erosion control materials will be used where possible. Fire Control and 24. Appropriate measures will be taken to prevent and control fires. The Firefighting contractor will provide a fire prevention and control contingency plan. Weather 25. Construction activities will be suspended if adverse weather conditions threaten environmental quality, particularly soil conservation. Agricultural 26. Appropriate mitigation will be implemented to control weeds as indicated on Concerns the EAS (Supplemental Application). 27. Full right-of-way topsoil stripping will occur on cultivated land to minimize spread of weeds. 28. Air and shovel cleaning equipment shall occur at locations specified on the EAS (Supplemental Application). Equipment will be cleaned after working in a location with weeds of concern and prior to mobilising to a different RM. 29. Equipment will be cleaned before entering native prairie from cultivation or pasture.
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Watercourse 30. The proposed project will cross eleven (11) watercourses (Section 6). All Crossings watercourses with defined bed and banks and all wetlands with standing water will be crossed via HDD. Watercourse and wetland crossings and construction methods will be verified during the aquatic assessment and wetland assessment in spring 2012, with mitigation further outlined in the Supplemental Application. Wildlife 31. Wildlife shall not be harassed. Personnel shall not be permitted to have dogs or firearms on the right-of-way. 32. Posted speed limits shall be followed. Vehicle or equipment collisions with wildlife will be reported to the RCMP. 33. Report wildlife concerns to Manitoba Conservation at the Tipline 1-800-782-0076. Historical and 34. Manitoba Heritage Resources Act clearance has been requested for the Paleontological Project (separate cover letters). Resources
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
5. CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES
Construction environmental protection measures have been proposed to be carried out in a manner that minimizes environmental impacts. Vegetation and ground disturbance shall be minimized.
5.1 Surveying and Right-of-Way Construction Preparation
The boundaries of the right-of-way, TWS, and access shall be clearly staked to ensure construction vehicles and equipment do not leave the right-of-way and/or TWS.
Protection Mitigation:
Fences 1. Brace fences before cutting wires and install gates on all fences as per Drawing 1 (Appendix B). Keep all gates closed, unless otherwise approved by the landowner or occupant.
Hot Line Exposure / 2. Daylight hotlines prior to stripping topsoil, if necessary. Hydrovac 3. Empty the hydrovac at locations approved by Penn West. Contents are not to be unloaded near watercourses, wetlands, or drainages.
Ramps 4. Install ramps at bar ditches and over existing buried facilities. 5. Strip topsoil within the excavation area adjacent to the ramp location to a depth indicated on the EAS (Supplemental Application). 6. Do not use topsoil as ramping material. Watercourse 7. Install vehicle/equipment crossing structures as noted in Table 6.1 abiding Vehicle/Equipment by the DFO MOS for Temporary Stream Crossings prior to construction. Crossing Structures Ensure the appropriate measures to protect fish and fish habitat are followed (Appendix D). 8. All watercourse crossing structures must be removed prior to spring break- up. Additional 9. Identify if additional TWS will be needed before commencement of Temporary construction. Extra TWS may be needed at: Workspace Valve stations; Road bore locations; and HDD entry and exit locations at watercourse and wetland crossings. 10. Obtain approval from Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor before taking additional workspace. Additional temporary workspace must be approved by each landowner. Crops 11. Request that the landowners harvest crops prior to fall construction, if practical. Mow any remaining crops along the right-of-way to facilitate topsoil handling, if necessary.
5.2 Clearing
Minimize clearing of trees and shrubs wherever possible. Maintain at least a 30 m setback of undisturbed native vegetation from edges of wetlands and watercourses that will be crossed via HDD (EAS, Supplemental Application). See landowner line lists for preferred methods of brush disposal. Salvage, burn or mulch cleared vegetation. Contact the RM for regulations regarding burning. Mulch depths shall not exceed 10 cm so as not to hinder seed germination. Where mulch depths are anticipated to be greater than 10 cm, excess mulch will be burned or hauled to an approved landfill disposal facility.
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EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
5.3 Grading
The objective of grading is to prepare the right-of-way to allow safe access of equipment and vehicles and meet the bending limitations of the pipelines. Improper grading has the potential to result in erosion, slope instability and sedimentation which can impact the success of reclamation.
It is expected that the need for grading will be minimal as the majority of the topography is level to undulating. Grading shall be conducted in a manner that minimizes erosions and impact to topsoil, maintains agriculture capability, minimizes impact on topsoil, surface drainage, land uses, livestock and wildlife travel. Below are environmental mitigation techniques that will be followed to minimize environmental impact during grading.
Protection Mitigation:
1. Minimize grading throughout the Project area to the extent practical, along hayland, where a competent sod layer exists, and on seeded pasture. Grading shall not be permitted on native prairie or through wetlands. 2. Ensure grade material does not spread off the right-of-way or TWS. 3. Consider additional environmental mitigation found on the grading and
two-tone grading environmental construction typicals (Appendix B, Drawings 3, 4). 4. Salvage topsoil prior to grading to the depth indicated on the EAS (Supplemental Application). 5. Do not place topsoil, grade material or spoil within watercourses, wetlands, or obvious drainages. 6. Install breaks in grade material windrow at obvious wildlife and livestock
trails, as well as at farm machinery crossings. 7. Conduct two-tone grading on sidehills (Appendix B, Drawing 4). Sidehills
will either be two-toned or cut/filled (i.e., graded) depending on the slope angle and direction of construction (Appendix B, Drawing 3). 8. Ensure grading is undertaken with the objective that the original contours
and drainage patterns will be reestablished during final clean-up.
5.4 Topsoil Stripping
Topsoil stripping shall be conducted in a manner that facilitates reclamation, restoration and native prairie conservation, as well as maintains agricultural capability. The objective of stripping topsoil is to minimize topsoil degradation through compaction, rutting, loss of organic matter, or admixing so that successful reclamation of the right-of-way can occur. All available topsoil shall be salvaged, unless otherwise approved by the Construction Field Supervisor.
Any changes to topsoil stripping methods based on results of the field survey will be included in the supplemental application. Topsoil stripping methods on cultivated land will change if frozen ground conditions are encountered. Frozen ground conditions can be defined as when the frost has penetrated through the topsoil to the intersection with the subsoil. Pre-stripping topsoil prior to freeze-up is preferred, if practical, to ensure accurate topsoil salvage occurs. Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor shall approve equipment types used during topsoil stripping.
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Protection Mitigation:
Schedule 1. Conduct topsoil stripping during non-frozen ground conditions. If this is not practical, pre-strip topsoil prior to freeze-up if possible. Attempt to have all topsoil stripping completed prior to early November 2012. Wet Weather 2. Implement contingency measures to minimize impact to topsoil during wet weather (Section 7.1). Snow Management 3. Minimize frost penetration along the trench line (if construction is delayed into frozen conditions). 4. Manage snow to maintain frozen conditions (if construction is delayed). 5. Pack snow along the workside to increase frost penetration into the soil in winter. In mid to late winter, pack snow on the workside to avoid premature thawing of the upper topsoil. If removing snow from the spoil side on cultivated land, strip the rough surface of the cultivation furrows to "a sheen” to avoid admixing during backfilling of spoil. Sod Conservation 6. Minimize scalping during topsoil salvage, backfilling and topsoil replacement on seeded pasture, native prairie and hayland where minimum disturbance topsoil stripping has occurred. 7. Implement the topsoil erosion contingency plan (Section 7.4) should topsoil erosion occur during construction. 8. Change soil handling procedures to more suitable procedures if land use observations differ at the time of construction than when the EAS were prepared (Supplemental Application). 9. Implement the mitigation as shown on the EAS through problem soils areas (Supplemental Application). Rutting and 10. See EAS (Supplemental Application) for mitigation when working through Compaction areas with rutting and compaction concerns. Soil Salvage and 11. Salvage topsoil from all areas of ground disturbance before grading or site Handling preparation. 12. Minimize topsoil handling to the extent practical to reduce pulverization which can lead to wind erosion. Topsoil Storage 13. Separate topsoil from grade or spoil materials by a minimum 1 m. 14. Store stripped topsoil along workside when minimum disturbance stripping occurs. Storing topsoil along the spoil side is acceptable, if there is limited construction space along the workside. Topsoil Stripping 15. Strip topsoil to a width indicated on the EAS (Supplemental Application) Widths and Table 5.1 depending on land use, sod competency and construction season. Minimum disturbance stripping is recommended at 1.5 m wide centered over the trench. However, the actual minimum disturbance stripping width may be wider as determined by Manitoba’s Worker’s Compensation Board’s (WCB) minimum trench width, back sloping and shoring requirements. If WCB requires a wider trench, strip a minimum width of topsoil that is approximately 0.5 m wider than the required trench width. Topsoil Stripping 16. Strip topsoil on all land uses to the depths indicated on the EAS Depths (Supplemental Application) or to colour change, whichever is deepest. The
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stripping depth will be determined based on the results from the soil survey (separate cover document). In the event that soils are not easily distinguished by colour, the Construction Field Supervisor or the Environmental Inspector will provide direction on topsoil and upper subsoil stripping depths based on evaluation of soil texture, structure and consistency, the depths recommended on the EAS (Supplemental Application), and the soil survey (separate cover document). 17. Strip dry wetlands or areas with organic soil to the depth indicated on the EAS (Supplemental Application) or to a maximum depth of 40 cm. 18. Rip frozen topsoil to the same depth as the salvage requirements. Avoid over-ripping and overstripping. 19. Strip topsoil in lifts by implementing multiple passes instead of one single pass. Environmental 20. Review the environmental construction typical drawings (Appendix B, Typical Drawings Drawing 5, 6, 7, 8) for topsoil stripping and handling recommendations prior to topsoil stripping activities. These typical drawings represent environmental best practices to be conducted during construction. Stripping Methods 21. Review Table 5.1 for topsoil handling construction methods. Also review (Non-frozen the Supplemental Application for changes to the stripping methods and the Conditions) EAS for landuses and locations where the various, non-frozen ground conditions stripping methods will be used. Alternative soils handling e.g., three-lift or overstripping may be recommended following the results of the soil survey (separate cover document). 22. Conduct minimum disturbance topsoil stripping, centered over the trench on native prairie, well sodded seeded pasture, bushland (if practical) and well sodded hayland (Appendix B, Drawing 5). Increase the stripping width to approximately 4 m wide (i.e., blade width), if necessary on hayland to avoid the creation of a permanent crown during topsoil replacement. 23. Conduct full width right-of-way or trench and spoil topsoil stripping on poorly sodded seeded pasture, poorly sodded hayland, and cultivated land during non-frozen conditions (Appendix B, Drawings 7, 8). Trench and spoil topsoil handling can be used, as determined by the Construction Field Supervisor, as long as admixing does not occur along workside. 24. Conduct minimum disturbance organic materials salvage approximately 2.5 m wide centered over the trench on dry wetlands and areas with organics (Appendix B, Drawing 9, EAS [Supplemental Application]). The installation of swamp mats, rig mats or riprap along workside may be necessary during non-frozen conditions. All Land Uses 25. Conduct minimum disturbance on all land uses during frozen conditions (Frozen Conditions) (Appendix B, Drawings 5). 26. Strip the rough surface of the cultivation furrows to ‘a sheen’ along ditch side of the right-of-way to avoid admixing during backfilling. Windrow Breaks 27. Leave breaks in the topsoil windrow at obvious drainages, game trails and if required, to permit farm machinery and livestock to cross the right-of-way. Field Changes 28. Switch to an alternative topsoil handling method if soil conditions are encountered that do not respond well to the above mentioned handling techniques (Section 7.3).
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Increase Stripping 29. Increase the topsoil stripping width, if warranted to minimize the risk of Width admixing, at locations with potential for unstable trench (EAS, Supplemental Application). 30. Strip a wider area of topsoil at sharp side bends, tie-ins and valve site, as well as at crossings of foreign lines, railways, highway and roads to allow for a wider and deeper trench, if warranted. Grading, Bellholes 31. Follow the environmental notes on Drawing 10 (Appendix B) when crossing and Crossings roads, railway, highway or hotlines. Salvage topsoil at bellholes and areas to be graded. Topsoil stripping widths should equal the width of the area to be graded. Topsoil 32. Replace topsoil during non-frozen conditions (see Section 5.7). If the Replacement schedule does not allow the completion of the topsoil replacement before freeze-up, then final clean-up will be conducted the next summer following a spring wildlife survey.
Table 5.1 Topsoil Stripping Construction Methods
Primary, Alternative, Alternative, Sod Land Use Primary, Preferred Method Preferred Acceptable Acceptable Competency Method Width Method Method Width
Cultivated N/A Full right-of-way ~15 to 25 m Trench and spoil ~7.5 m
TBD – pending Cultivated soil survey TBD TBD TBD TBD (sodic lower subsoil) results Native Prairie N/A Minimum disturbance ~2.5 m N/A N/A Seeded Pasture Well Minimum disturbance ~2.5 m N/A N/A
Seeded Pasture Poorly Trench and spoil ~7.5 m Full right-of-way ~15 to 25 m
Seeded Pasture (sodic TBD – pending TBD TBD TBD TBD lower subsoil) soil survey Hayland Well Minimum disturbance ~2.5 m Blade width ~5 m
Hayland Poorly Trench and spoil ~7.5 m Full right-of-way ~15 m
Full right-of-way ~15 to 25 m or Bushland N/A Minimum disturbance ~2.5 or trench and ~7.5 m spoil Grading or two-tone grading Slopes and sidehills N/A (full right-of-way topsoil ~15 to 25 m N/A N/A stripping) Wetlands (no standing N/A Minimum disturbance ~2.5 m N/A N/A water) and organics Minimum disturbance (strip loose cultivation furrows to a “sheen” on workside to aid in All land uses (frozen backfilling and to avoid N/A ~2.5 m N/A N/A ground conditions) admixing; alternative, pack snow leaving a buffer between the loose topsoil and the spoil windrow)
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5.5 Stringing, Trenching Lowering-in and Backfilling
Environmental mitigation shall be implemented to minimize environmental impact, interference with agricultural operations and displacement of wildlife.
Protection Mitigation:
Trenching 1. Keep spoil windrows separate from topsoil windrows (a minimum distance of 1 m between windrows or piles). 2. Review mitigation on the EAS for areas with potential unstable trench (Supplemental Application). Other locations may exist that are not indicated on the EAS. 3. Leave breaks in spoil at drainage draws. Welding 4. Pre-weld pipeline segments prior to trenching at locations with soils potentially prone to sloughing, and at other locations as warranted, to minimize the time the trench is left open (EAS, Supplemental Application). Breaks in Strung 5. Leave periodic breaks in strung pipe to allow wildlife, farm equipment and Pipe livestock to cross the right-of-way, if applicable. Breaks in pipe shall be coincident with gaps in topsoil windrows. 6. Monitor water levels in the trench. Dewatering will be permitted during pipeline installation or when warranted. Trench Water 7. Take appropriate measures to divert surface water away from the trench. 8. Pump trench water onto a well sodded area. Ensure that grey water does not enter a watercourse or wetland (Appendix B, Drawing 2). 9. Install subdrains in areas where there is evidence of springs in the trench (Appendix B, Drawing 11). Subdrains will be installed where warranted to divert shallow ground water flow from the trench and off the right-of-way to improve slope stability. 10. Install cross ditches and temporary berms on slopes where additional surface water management is needed to prevent erosion (Appendix B, Drawing 12, EAS [Supplemental Application]). Cross ditches and berms should be constructed primarily from native subsoil materials to limit potential loss of topsoil. Silt fences should be installed at the ends of cross ditches and/or near the base of slopes (Appendix B, Drawing 2). Lowering-in 11. Do not use topsoil for padding the pipe. Backfilling 12. Avoid mixing topsoil and subsoil during backfilling. 13. Install subdrains and trench breakers if there is evidence of seepage or flowing springs on a slope once the trench is excavated following Drawing 11, 12 (Appendix B). 14. Ensure that bedding or padding material is not deposited on unstripped topsoil prior to placement in the trench. 15. Compact backfill when it reaches the level of the surrounding undisturbed ground to minimize trench settlement. 16. Ensure bedrock or stones are not backfilled into the upper 50 cm of the trench if the potential exists for a reduction in agricultural capability on cultivated land. Excess bedrock or stones shall be disposed of at locations approved by the landowner. 17. Backfill bellholes or other areas where a wider trench was needed in lifts not exceeding 400 mm. Compact after each replacement lift. 18. Avoid mixing snow with spoil material during backfilling.
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19. Avoid scalping the sod layer on seeded pasture and native prairie when moving the spoil windrow during backfill if minimum disturbance topsoil stripping is implemented. 20. Crown the trench to permit settlement. 21. Leave periodic breaks in the trench crown, if warranted, at obvious drainages. Pack backfill at breaks. Excess Trench Spoil 22. Feather excess spoil over the stripped portion of the right-of-way to minimize creation of a permanent, high trench crown, especially on hayland. Ensure feathering excessive spoil does not cause subsidence of the trench. 23. Postpone feathering-out of excess spoil until after spring break-up and once the trench has settled if construction occurs during frozen conditions (Appendix B, Drawing 13a, 13b). It is critical that final clean-up, including repacking of the trench, is conducted during non-frozen conditions, after all frost is out of the ground and after the wildlife survey is complete. Recontour Right-of- 24. Recontour the right-of-way to preconstruction grades and drainage. way 25. Ensure that wetlands, low areas and drainages (man-made or natural) are restored to their preconstruction profile and drainage. Ramps or mats installed through wetlands used for equipment and vehicle access shall be removed. 26. Postpone regrading of the right-of-way until after spring break-up if the grade spoil windrow has frozen to the extent that would impair the restoration of the right-of-way. As noted, a spring wildlife survey is required for any spring clean-up activities conducted after March 15, 2013.
5.6 Testing
Topsoil erosion and contamination of water bodies can be prevented by following the mitigation listed below.
Protection Mitigation:
1. Obtain Water Rights Act authorization to withdraw water from natural or Obtain Approvals man-made watercourses or water bodies for hydrostatic testing, and follow conditions of the permits. Contact Manitoba Water Stewardship prior to any water withdrawal to obtain approval (Appendix 1). 2. Obtain authorization from Manitoba Water Stewardship to discharge test water prior to commencement of testing and comply with all criteria. 3. Contact the Waskada office of the Manitoba Petroleum Branch prior to pressure testing (Appendix 1). 4. Pretest drag (watercourse crossings) sections prior to installation as Pretest required by the Construction Field Supervisor and Project Manager. 5. Ensure workers and equipment are available onsite to repair any rupture, Equipment and Workers leak or erosion problem that arises during testing. 6. Ensure water trucks, if used to transport test water to the fill site, are clean. Water Trucks 7. Collect pretest pigging debris and water and dispose of at an acceptable Pigging Debris location (e.g., landfill) as approved by the applicable RM and the Petroleum Branch. 8. Screen test water intakes in accordance with the DFO’s screening Screen Intake requirements to prevent entrapment of fish or wildlife.
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9. Ensure test water containing chemical additives is treated, if warranted, Chemical Recovery and discharged in accordance with permit conditions. 10. Recover methanol or methanol and water mix, if used, and return to supplier or dispose of in accordance with appropriate government or RM regulations. 11. Push test water ahead from test section to test section, if feasible, to Dewatering minimize water hauling, water usage and the number of dewatering points. 12. Dissipate water energy and utilize protective riprap, sheeting, tarpaulins or equivalent to minimize erosion of soils during dewatering. The rate of discharge will be reduced if these measures are ineffective. 13. Comply with all criteria from Manitoba Water Stewardship to discharge test water. 14. Monitor discharge locations to ensure no erosion or flooding occurs. 15. Dewater into a bar ditch if feasible. Do not dewater onto cultivated land or directly back into a watercourse, drainage draw, wetland, water body or onto native prairie. 16. Collect pretest pigging debris and water. Discharge the water at a Penn Pigging Debris West approved location on-site in a manner that does not cause erosion or enter a watercourse or wetland. Dispose of the remaining material with other construction waste, in accordance with regulatory requirements and approvals. 17. Follow applicable Penn West’s ground disturbance policies for daylighting Daylighting hotlines.
5.7 Final Clean-up and Reclamation
Final clean-up and reclamation will be conducted to the satisfaction of the landowner, Manitoba Conservation and the RMs.
Protection Mitigation:
1. Complete final clean-up immediately following backfilling during non-frozen Scheduling ground conditions. The final clean-up schedule will vary depending on conditions and the time of construction. The presence of frozen conditions shall be determined by the Construction Field Supervisor in discussion with the Environmental Inspector. It is important to keep landowners informed of the clean-up schedule as it may impact their farming operations. The clean-up schedule is as follows: If construction occurs during non-frozen soil conditions in fall 2012, perform final clean-up as quickly and progressively as possible and prior to freeze-up; If construction occurs during frozen soil conditions in late fall or winter 2012, complete rough clean-up during frozen ground conditions, and perform final clean-up once the trench has settled and fully thawed after spring break-up in 2013. A wildlife survey is required for clean-up activities occurring after March 15, 2013; In areas that are only accessible during frozen soil conditions (e.g., wetlands), low areas and drainages, conduct final clean-up immediately following construction and prior to spring break-up
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regardless of the construction season. Additional spring clean-up may be necessary to level-off excessively high or misaligned roaches or to repair sunken trench through wetlands. If this is the case, the use of wide pad equipment is recommended; and
Conduct clean-up and reclamation activities to minimize interference
with agricultural operations (e.g., spring cultivation and grazing) when possible, given the season. 2. If there is a potential for rutting, postpone work on wet soils until conditions are dry. Winter Rough Clean-up – Frozen Ground Conditions 3. Remove matting or other equipment and vehicle crossing structures
installed at watercourses, wetlands, low areas or at drainage draws. 4. Install temporary cross ditches at dig locations on cultivated land where water erosion may be problematic (EAS, Supplemental Application). Ensure that these temporary berms are removed during spring final clean-up just prior to topsoil replacement. 5. Remove bar ditch ramps prior to spring break-up to prevent runoff blockage. 6. Pack the trenchline and leave the topsoil windrowed along the right-of-way for replacement in spring. 7. Leave breaks in topsoil windrows wherever cross right-of-way drainage may occur. Spring Final Clean-up – Non-frozen Ground Conditions After Spring Break-up 8. Ensure that RCS conducts a spring wildlife survey for any clean-up that Wildlife Survey occurs after March 15, 2013. 9. Remove all garbage, survey lathe and construction debris from the Construction Debris right-of-way. 10. Regrade vehicle ruts, if present along accesses or the right-of-way. Vehicle Ruts 11. Rip compacted subsoil or topsoil damaged during wet weather with a Compaction multi-shank ripper to a depth of 30 cm or the depth of compaction, whichever is deeper. If soils are moist, postpone ripping of subsoil until soils dry to ensure soils fracture when stripped. 12. Pick stones so the stone content of exposed subsoil disturbed by Stony Subsoil construction activity (e.g., trenching/backfilling, grading, ripping) is equivalent to undisturbed exposed subsoil. Dispose of stones at locations approved by the landowner or by the RM. 13. Feather-out excess spoil over the stripped portion of the right-of-way to Excess Trench Spoil minimize the creation of a permanent roach. Ensure that excess spoil is not feathered-out over the stripped area to an extent that may cause excessive subsidence of the trench. 14. Repair sunken ditch by stripping a wider area of topsoil, if warranted, and Sunken Ditch by filling-in the ditch. Run a grader wheel over the trench prior to topsoil replacement to adequately compact the trench preventing it from further subsidence. Multiple passes from a grader is preferred.
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15. Replace topsoil evenly over stripped portions of the right-of-way only Topsoil Replacement (Drawings 13a, 13b). Strip a wider area of topsoil, if warranted and if approved by the Construction Field Supervisor, to allow excess trench spoil to be feathered out over the stripped area. Postpone topsoil replacement during wet weather or high winds to prevent damage to soil structure or erosion. 16. Leave wetlands that were crossed by open cut for natural recovery (i.e., no Wetlands – Natural Recovery seeding). 17. Request that the landowner cultivate the right-of-way as part of routine fall Cultivation or spring farming activities, if practical. Otherwise, cultivate the full width of the right-of-way following topsoil replacement. Cultivate to a depth necessary to alleviate surface compaction. Avoid admixing and deep cultivation. 18. Avoid cultivating into the subsoil. Disc and harrow only if the site is to be seeded immediately; otherwise, leave the ripped topsoil in a rough condition to minimize wind erosion potential. 19. Disc or rip disturbed soils on hayland where the sod layer has been broken or badly compacted, and reseed, if warranted. 20. Obtain the Seed Certificates of Analysis and present them to the Seed Environmental Inspector prior to purchase. The Environmental Inspector will approve the Seed Certificates of Analysis prior to the contactor purchasing the seed. Retain the Seed Certificates of Analysis for future documentation. 21. Check that seed lots indicated on the Seed Certificates of Analysis match those listed on the seed tags prior to seeding. 22. Purchase Certified Canada No. 1 seed, if available. All native seed mix will
be weed free and sourced from a local supplier to best mimic the native surroundings. Fertilizer is not to be used since it only benefits weeds and not seed germination. 23. Use alternative species of seed if requested by the landowner. Alternative
species must be approved by the Environmental Inspector in discussion with the Field Construction Supervisor. Agronomic species will not be approved for seeding on native prairie. 24. Do not accept seed that contains Canada thistle, foxtail barley, leafy Weeds spurge, milkweed, or other noxious or prohibited weeds. Exotic grasses such as Timothy, smooth brome or Kentucky bluegrass shall not be present in native seed. 25. The following reclamation activities shall occur: Reclamation Plan Summary Leave native prairie and bushland sites for natural recovery if approved by the landowner and there are no erosion concerns; Seed native prairie and bushland with a native mix for any disturbances that are greater than 2 m wide, or are not approved for natural recovery by the landowner; Seed a nonnative mix at sites with seeded pasture, hayland (Seed Mix 2) and roadside ditches; Ensure that the Field Construction Supervisor and Environmental Inspector are notified if a landowner requests that an alternative seed mix or reclamation strategy is used on their land; and Permit the landowner to seed crops on cultivated land as part of their
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routine farming activities. 26. Seed disturbed soil on native prairie, bushland, and disturbed banks of Seeding Native Prairie, Bushland, watercourse crossings and drainage features with Seed Mix 1 as indicated Watercourse on the EAS (Supplemental Application). This mix was initially developed in Crossings and 2009 for Jackson Creek upland reclamation (RCS 2009), and may be Drainage features changed if a different, more suitable mix is identified based on results of the field survey (Supplemental Application).
SEED MIX 1
(Native Mix) Species Composition Northern Wheatgrass (Agropyron dasystachyum) 25% Green Needlegrass (Stipa viridula) 25% Western Wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii) 15% Needle-and-Thread Grass (Stipa comata) 15% Blue Grama (Bouteloua gracilis) 10% June Grass (Koeleria macrantha) 10%
27. Drill at 10 kg/ha and at a depth of 2 cm approximate (upland only).
Broadcast seed at 25 kg/ha and quad harrow in or hand rake (water features). Environmental field surveys will confirm seed mix to be used.
28. Seed disturbed soil on hayland with Seed Mix 2, unless otherwise Seeding Hayland, Seeded Pasture requested by the landowner or RM.
SEED MIX 2 Species Composition (Agronomic Mix) 35% Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) 25% Meadow Brome (Bromus biebersteinii) 20% Slender Wheatgrass (Agropyron trachycaulum) 10% Northern Wheatgrass (Agropyron dasystachyum) 10% Western Wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii)
29. Drill (with a range drill, if available) at 15 kg/ha. Substitutions or additions
of species varieties may be made by Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor in consultation with a local seed supplier. 30. Roadside ditches will primarily be undisturbed as all roads are proposed to be crossed via bore method. If a roadside ditch requires reseeding it will be to a grass mix with no legumes (i.e., no Alfalfa). 31. Repair fences and replace temporary gates with permanent fences of equal Fences or better quality. 32. Install temporary fences along the right-of-way, if requested by the Cattle Damage and Temporary Fencing landowner or by Penn West, to restrict grazing and trampling of seeded right-of-way until vegetation becomes established or less palatable.
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33. During the PCRA seed establishment will be monitored and reseeding may Monitoring be recommended, if warranted. 34. Watercourse crossings will be monitored every spring and after major precipitation events until crossings have stabilised (Weaver pers comm.). 35. An annual post-construction monitoring report will include the following: Watercourse crossing method implemented, including: performance measured, the type of remediation, and a remediation time table; and A cross-sectional and longitudinal profile of the watercourse crossing area to ensure the bank and bed are remediated to preconstruction conditions. 36. Penn West operations will be responsible for on-going monitoring and leak detection inspection for the lifetime of the pipeline.
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6. WATERCOURSE AND WETLAND CROSSINGS
6.1 Regulatory Requirements
6.1.1 Manitoba Water Stewardship
The Fisheries Branch of Manitoba Water Stewardship will be notified by RCS in regards to all watercourse crossings, prior to the commencement of construction. A License to Construct Water Control Works must be obtained from Manitoba Water Stewardship for any works in a watercourse or waterbody. A wetland habitat compensation agreement must be approved by Manitoba Water Stewardship prior to construction that may inhibit the function, type or area of wetlands.
6.1.2 Fisheries and Oceans Canada
DFO is streamlining its review and approval process to allow routine reviews of lower risk projects to be replaced by clear guidelines in the form of MOS. The MOS describe conditions and measures to be incorporated into a project in order to avoid harmful alteration, disruption, or destruction (HADD) of fish habitat. DFO project review is not required if the project meets the conditions in the applicable MOS and construction follows the specific Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat.
DFO has identified timing windows or restrictions for Manitoba lakes, rivers and streams to protect fish during spawning and incubation periods when spawning fish, eggs and fry are vulnerable to disturbance or sediment. During these timing restrictions, no instream or shoreline work is allowed except under site or project specific review and with the implementation of protective measures. Timing restrictions are determined on a case by case basis according to the species of fish in the watercourse, whether those fish spawn in the spring, summer or fall, and whether the water body is located in northern or southern Manitoba (DFO 2007). As the location of the Project is in southern Manitoba and the fish species of concern are spring and summer spawners, the timing restriction is April 1 to June 15 (DFO 2010).
For the proposed HDD crossings follow the MOS for High-Pressure Directional Drilling. If the watercourses will be crossed using open-cut method as a contingency plan then the MOS for Dry Open-Cut Stream Crossing should be reviewed and followed. DFO must be consulted with for isolated open cut construction methods to occur for watercourses that are greater than 5 m wide or if an isolation occurs within the timing restriction. If this is the case, a Letter of Advice or Fisheries Act authorization may be required. Watercourses that are dry or frozen to bed, regardless of timing or width can be open cut under the MOS for Isolated or Dry Open-Cut Stream Crossings.
Under the MOS, DFO should be notified at least fourteen (14) days prior to commencement of works. Notification will be submitted before construction begins.
If a HDD crossing is unfeasible or fails and a trenched contingency is necessary, a submission may be made for review under the Fisheries Act. DFO will determine if fish habitat will be affected. There are three (3) possible outcomes: 1. DFO has determined that there is no fish habitat and will advise that there are no concerns. The project may proceed; 2. DFO has determined that fish habitat exists but HADD can be avoided. DFO will recommend mitigation and redesign measures that will minimize or avoid HADD. A Letter of Advice may be issued instead of an authorization; or
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3. DFO has determined that fish habitat exists and HADD cannot be avoided through relocation, mitigation, or redesign measures. DFO may consider the HADD unacceptable and no authorization will be given. Alternatively, DFO may consider the HADD acceptable and may issue an authorization which will include requirements to submit a Plan of Compensation and undergo an Environmental Assessment in accordance with the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency (CEAA).
All watercourse crossings will be conducted in compliance with the Manitoba Stream Crossing Guidelines for Protection of Fish and Fish Habitat.
6.1.3 Transport Canada
Transport Canada administers the Navigable Waters Protection Act (NWPA) through the Navigable Waters Protection Program (NWPP). The NWPP is designed to protect the public right to navigation and the environment. Navigable waters are defined as any body of water capable of being navigated by any type of floating vessel for the purpose of transportation, recreation, or commerce. Transport Canada must approve any work(s) built or placed in, on, over, under, through or across a navigable water body prior to construction. Work(s) include any structure, device, or anything else that may interfere with navigation.
Many projects do not interfere with navigation provided they are designed and constructed according to specific procedures. Such projects are considered by Transport Canada to be a minor work and applications under the NWPA are not required. Pipeline projects are considered a minor work when:
1. The pipeline is buried beneath the bottom of the water body; 2. The width of the watercourse is less than 50 m; 3. Warning signs are used upstream and downstream (trenchless crossings are exempt); 4. Navigation is permitted safe access and assisted, if necessary; 5. The streambed is restored to the pre-existing grade and drainage immediately upon completion of construction; 6. Temporary instream works are properly marked and removed upon completion of construction, excluding bridges and cables; and 7. All portions of temporary vehicle and equipment crossings are removed prior to spring break-up.
Pipeline crossings are not considered a minor work when the pipeline:
1. Is regulated by the National Energy Board; 2. Is located on a charted waterway; 3. Requires temporary cables not lying on the bed (during non-frozen conditions); or 4. The width of the water body at the crossing location is greater than 50 m.
All watercourse crossings will be minor works as all watercourses are proposed to be crossed via HDD and are less than 50 m in width at the crossing location, so Transport Canada approval will not be required.
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6.2 Watercourse and Wetland Crossing Details
6.2.1 Watercourse Crossings
Six (6) named watercourses, two (2) tributaries to these watercourses, an oxbow to the Souris River, and two (2) tributaries to Oak Lake will be crossed by the project. Additionally, a number of nondefined channels described as natural drainages will be crossed (Table 6.1). An aquatic assessment of all watercourses and drainages will be completed in spring or early summer 2012 as part of the environmental surveys to confirm proposed crossing methods and type of watercourse (i.e., defined or nondefined banks, drainage draw, ephemeral draw etc.).
As construction is proposed to occur during late fall and early winter 2012, all work will be occurring outside of the timing restriction to further reduce the potential to impact fish and fish habitat.
A geotechnical investigation has been undertaken by RCS on behalf of Penn West to determine the feasibility of trenchless (i.e., HDD) watercourse crossings for this project. It is anticipated that the subsurface environment will not hinder the installation of trenchless crossings. Further details can be found in the geotechnical investigation report, the HDD Design and the stream crossings design report (stand-alone documents, will be finalized prior to construction).
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Table 6.1 Watercourse Crossings
Restricted Proposed Proposed Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Crossing Equipment Window* Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; ice 1 Natural drainage NW 30-1-25 WPM 14N 366848 5436767 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 2 Natural drainage SW 31-1-25 WPM 14N 366915 5437379 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 3 Natural drainage NW 31-1-25 WPM 14N 366896 5438603 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible
April 1 to HDD if flowing; open cut if dry or 4 Waskada Creek SW 6-2-25 WPM 14N 366908 5439071 Existing access June 15 frozen to bed
Temporary clear span bridge; ice 5 Natural drainage SE 12-2-26 WPM 14N 366715 5440749 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 6 Natural drainage SE 12-2-26 WPM 14N 366592 5441052 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 7 Man-made drainage SW 13-2-26 WPM 14N 365948 5442436 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 8 Natural drainage NE 14-2-26 WPM 14N 364995 5443659 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 9 Natural drainage SE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 365023 5443947 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 10 Natural drainage SE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 365097 5444069 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 11 Natural drainage NE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 365231 5444713 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 12 Natural drainage NE 23-2-26 WPM 14N 364986 5445204 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 13 Natural drainage SE 26-2-26 WPM 14N 364621 5445827 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 14 Natural drainage NW 26-2-26 WPM 14N 364291 5446465 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 15 Natural drainage NW 26-2-26 WPM 14N 363910 5446879 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 16 Natural drainage SE 34-2-26 WPM 14N 363675 5447928 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible
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Restricted Proposed Proposed Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Crossing Equipment Window* Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; ice 17 Natural drainage NE 2-3-26 WPM 14N 363133 5449915 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 18 Natural drainage NE 2-3-26 WPM 14N 363005 5450576 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible April 1 to Temporary clear span bridge; ice 19 Ditch SE 11-3-26 WPM 14N 362861 5450896 Open cut or HDD June 15 bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 20 Natural drainage NW 11-3-26 WPM 14N 362410 5451722 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 21 Natural drainage SW 14-3-26 WPM 14N 361995 5452613 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 22 Natural drainage SE 15-3-26 WPM 14N 361834 5452877 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 23 Natural drainage NE 15-3-26 WPM 14N 361623 5453225 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 24 Natural drainage NE 15-3-26 WPM 14N 361425 5453552 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 25 Natural drainage SW 22-3-26 WPM 14N 361152 5454250 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 26 Natural drainage NW 22-3-26 WPM 14N 360869 5455544 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible
April 1 to 27 Souris River oxbow SW 9-4-26 WPM 14N 358893 5460794 HDD Existing access June 15
April 1 to 28 Souris River SE 8-4-26 WPM 14N 358856 5461353 HDD Existing access June 15
April 1 to 29 Jackson Creek SE 17-4-26 WPM 14N 358335 5462890 HDD Existing access June 15
Temporary clear span bridge; ice 30 Ditch SW 19-4-26 WPM 14N 356502 5464574 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 31 Natural drainage NE 16-5-27 WPM 14N 350774 5473531 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Unnamed tributary April 1 to HDD if flowing; open cut if dry or 32 SE 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350567 5474283 Existing access to Stony Creek June 15 frozen to bed
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Restricted Proposed Proposed Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Crossing Equipment Window* Method Crossing April 1 to HDD if flowing; open cut if dry or 33 Stony Creek SE 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350581 5474516 Existing access June 15 frozen to bed Temporary clear span bridge; ice 34 Natural drainage NE 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350279 5474834 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 35 Natural drainage NW 21-5-27 WPM 14N 350021 5475365 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 36 Natural drainage SW 20-6-27 WPM 14N 348760 5484573 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 37 Natural drainage SE 6-7-27 WPM 14N 346360 5489565 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 38 Natural drainage NE 7-7-27 WPM 14N 345975 5491684 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 39 Natural drainage NE 7-7-27 WPM 14N 345859 5491855 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 40 Natural drainage NW 25-7-28 WPM 14N 343442 5496580 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 41 Natural drainage NW 36-7-28 WPM 14N 343510 5498543 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Unnamed tributary April 1 to Temporary clear span bridge; ice 42 NW 1-8-28 WPM 14N 343567 5500316 Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) to Pipestone Creek June 15 bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 43 Natural drainage SW 12-8-28 WPM 14N 343869 5501150 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 44 Natural drainage NW 12-8-28 WPM 14N 344048 5501595 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 45 Natural drainage NW 12-8-28 WPM 14N 344115 5502008 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 46 Natural drainage SW 13-8-28 WPM 14N 343986 5502334 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 47 Natural drainage NE 23-8-28 WPM 14N 343471 5505328 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible
Pipestone Creek April 1 to 48 SW 25-8-28 WPM 14N 343716 5505732 Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) Existing access oxbow/overflow June 15
April 1 to 49 Pipestone Creek SW 25-8-28 WPM 14N 343718 5505845 HDD Existing access June 15 Temporary clear span bridge; ice 50 Natural drainage NW 25-8-28 WPM 14N 343739 5506554 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible
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Restricted Proposed Proposed Crossing UTM Coordinates Activity Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Number (NAD83) Timing Crossing Equipment Window* Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; ice 51 Natural drainage SW 1-9-28 WPM 14N 343823 5509372 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 52 Natural drainage SW 11-9-28 WPM 14N 342335 5510965 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 53 Natural drainage NE 10-9-28 WPM 14N 341757 5511338 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 54 Natural drainage NE 10-9-28 WPM 14N 340784 5511850 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 55 Natural drainage SW 16-9-28 WPM 14N 340064 5512689 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Unnamed tributary April 1 to HDD if flowing; open cut if dry or Temporary clear span bridge; ice 56 NE 28-9-28 WPM 14N 340010 5516845 to Oak Lake June 15 frozen to bed bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 57 Natural drainage SE 33-9-28 WPM 14N 340033 5517577 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Temporary clear span bridge; ice 58 Natural drainage NE 33-9-28 WPM 14N 339726 5517991 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) bridge or snow fill if feasible Existing access, or temporary clear 59 Natural drainage NW 5-10-28 WPM 14N 337931 5520057 N/A Open cut (dry or frozen to bed) span bridge; ice bridge or snow fill if feasible Existing access, or temporary clear Unnamed tributary April 1 to HDD if flowing; open cut if dry or 60 SW 8-10-28 WPM 14N 337926 5521024 span bridge; ice bridge or snow fill if to Oak Lake June 15 frozen to bed feasible *Fisheries and Oceans Canada (2010)
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6.2.2 Wetland Crossings
As required under the Manitoba Drainage Policy, no net loss of permanent or semi-permanent wetlands will occur. A wetland habitat compensation agreement, including provisions for a wetland mitigation bank, will be agreed to by the Water Stewardship Division, prior to the commencement of construction (Weaver, pers comm).
The total number of wetlands that will be crossed by the proposed project will be ascertained during environmental surveys in spring 2012 and will be included on the EAS in the Supplemental Application. Wetlands will be avoided where possible. Where the right-of-way cannot avoid the wetland, all wetlands with standing water (i.e., Class IV and V) will be crossed via HDD. Where possible, while crossing a Class I to III wetland the trench will be positioned outside of the ecological boundary of the wetland, no workspace will be used within the wetland and no clearing of vegetation, especially trees and shrubs, will occur. A buffer of at least 30 m of vegetation from the wetland edge will be maintained to protect the wetland function, where possible.
6.3 Construction
Environmental impacts that may occur during watercourse crossing construction can be avoided or minimized through appropriate protection and mitigation. During construction, sedimentation will be minimized, fish and fish habitat protected, clean stream flow shall be promoted, and the introduction of contaminants into the watercourses shall be prohibited. Unless otherwise specified, the Construction Field Supervisor shall conduct the following:
1. Obtain License to Construct Water Control Works from Manitoba Water Regulatory Stewardship. 2. For the trenchless crossings, review the HDD design, stream crossings Design design report, and the geotechnical evaluation report (all stand-alone reports) as applicable for each crossing prior to construction. Recommendations and mitigation are presented to ensure the drill path is deep enough to minimize the risk of a drilling fluid release (i.e., frac-out) and to prevent the pipelines from becoming exposed due to natural scouring of the bed. Abide by the “No Drill Zone”. 3. Review the stream crossings design report for construction engineering specifications for the open cut crossings (to be prepared by RCS). 4. Review DFO’s High-Pressure Directional Drilling MOS for HDDs, as well as DFO’s MOS the Isolated or Dry Open-Cut Stream Crossings, and Temporary Stream Crossings prior to construction. Ensure the appropriate measures to protect fish and fish habitat are followed (Appendix D). 5. Minimize the duration of instream construction. Timing 6. Avoid construction during unusually wet periods, (i.e., delayed to spring break-up). 7. Abide by the April 1 to June 15 timing restriction for trenched crossings.
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8. Minimize clearing of riparian vegetation. Workspace 9. Maintain a vegetated buffer between the watercourse and construction equipment of at least 30 m where possible. 10. Stabilize excavated materials above the high water mark. 11. Minimize impact to the native prairie located on the northwest approach to Jackson Creek, near the exit of the HDD. Review Section 5.4 for topsoil handling during reclamation of the existing valve station site, if necessary. 12. Ensure all equipment arrives on site in clean condition and is free of leaks. Equipment 13. Refuel all equipment away from the watercourse (>100 m) to ensure no deleterious materials enter the watercourse. 14. Maintain a spill kit on site in case of equipment leaks or spills. 15. Initiate the Spill Contingency Plan (Section 7.6) in the event of a spill. 16. Ensure sediment and erosion control measures are in place. Erosion Control 17. Install silt fences or other sediment and erosion controls before construction, if warranted, as per Drawing 2 (Appendix B). Maintain fencing after final clean-up, if warranted.
Vehicle and Equipment Crossings:
1. Review DFO’s MOS for Temporary Stream Crossings and Ice Bridges and DFO’s MOSs Snowfills prior to construction (Appendix D). 2. Ensure the appropriate measures to protect fish and fish habitat are followed. 3. Install a bridge or equivalent (i.e., rig mats) across the watercourse as per Temporary Bridge Drawing 14 (Appendix B), if needed. 4. Remove crossing structure prior to spring break-up if construction occurs in winter.
6.3.1 Horizontal Directional Drill
The following are key environmental mitigations that should be implemented before, during and after HDD construction, where appropriate.
Mitigation:
1. An HDD must be conducted if the watercourse is flowing, as recommended Conditions in Table 6.1. 2. If the watercourse is flowing and the HDD fails or is determined to be
unfeasible, refer to the Watercourse Crossing Contingency Plan to install the pipeline using a horizontal bore/punch or isolation (Section 6.4). Further regulatory consultation may be required as described in Section 6.4. 3. Review DFO’s MOS for High-Pressure Directional Drilling prior to DFO’s MOS construction (Appendix D). 4. Ensure the appropriate measures to protect fish and fish habitat are followed. 5. Contact Ducks Unlimited Canada ten (10) days prior to commencement of Ducks Unlimited the HDD crossing of Jackson Creek, and in the event of a drilling fluid Canada release. Communication with Ducks Unlimited will be the responsibility of the Environmental Inspector.
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6. Arrange the HDD entry and exit sides as per Drawing 15 (Appendix B). HDD Method 7. Maintain recommended depth of cover below the channel thalweg as described in the stream crossings design report (separate cover document). 8. Install the pipeline using a HDD as per Drawing 16 (Appendix B). 9. Construct subsoil berm(s) or sump(s) downslope from the entry and exit points, with adequate capacity to capture anticipated volumes of drilling fluid that could be released during pullback and other drilling operations, if necessary. 10. Ensure sediment and erosion control measures are in place and properly Erosion Control maintained. 11. Install silt fences or other sediment and erosion controls along the down
slope edge of the entry and exit pads before construction (Appendix B, Drawing 2). Maintain after final clean-up, if warranted. 12. Initiate the Sediment Release Contingency Plan (Section 7.5) in the event of
a sediment release. 13. If the watercourses will supply water during drilling then trash pumps will be Water Withdrawal used to draw water. 14. Water withdrawal will be as approved by Manitoba Water Stewardship 15. A drilling fluid handling report should be prepared by the drilling contractor prior to construction. This report should outline further details of water withdrawal. 16. Ensure pump intakes are appropriately screened to prevent fish removal from
the river. Follow DFO’s Freshwater Intake End-of-Pipe Fish Screen Guideline (DFO 1995). 17. Use a drilling fluid that is limited to bentonite, fresh water and, if warranted, Drilling Fluid other inert and environmentally sound additives. 18. Construct appropriately sized bellholes and install tanks on entry and exit sides to contain drilling fluids. Inspect regularly. 19. Initiate the Drilling Fluid Release Contingency Plan (Section 6.4.3) and the Drilling Fluid Execution Matrix (Figure 2) in the event of a drilling fluid release. 20. Monitoring for a drilling fluid release (i.e., frac-out) must be conducted during Monitoring the HDD as pressurized fluids are used. 21. Contact RCS’s Environmental Planner to arrange for water quality monitoring during all HDD crossings (Appendix A). 22. Ensure supervisory personnel are aware of the contingency and clean-up Contingency plan prior to commencement of drilling. Plans 23. Ensure adequate equipment and materials are on site or readily available to contain and clean up a release. Materials and equipment are discussed below. 24. Initiate the Watercourse Crossing Contingency Plan (Section 6.4) if a HDD fails or becomes unfeasible. 25. Initiate the Drilling Fluid Release Contingency Plan (Section 6.4.3) in the event of a frac-out. 26. Initiate the Sediment Release Contingency Plan (Section 7.5) in the event of a sediment release. 27. Initiate the Spill Contingency Plan (Section 7.6) in the event of a spill. Drilling Waste 28. Dispose of drilling waste in accordance with the Manitoba Mineral Resources Disposal Department and MBCWS requirements.
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29. Monitor disturbed areas after one growing season for weed species Clean-up establishment and to ensure the success of natural recovery. Additional revegetation or weed control should be completed if necessary. 30. Meet or exceed the construction standards outlined in Pipeline Associated Other Watercourse Crossings, Third Edition prepared by the Canadian Association Environmental of Petroleum Producers, Canadian Energy Pipeline Association and Expectations Canadian Gas Association (2005).
6.3.1.1 Monitoring
Under the DFO MOS for HDD, monitoring must be conducted during construction of trenchless crossings using pressurized drilling fluids or water (i.e., HDD). RCS will conduct monitoring during pipeline construction of all HDD watercourse crossings. The Construction Field Supervisor shall contact the Environmental Planner ten (10) days prior to the commencement of HDDs to arrange for monitoring. It is also recommended that water quality monitoring should be conducted during an isolated construction method, if utilised. Water quality monitoring during an open cut (dry) construction method is not required; however, the Project Manager may still request that an Environmental Inspector be onsite during the open cuts.
Water quality monitoring provides early detection of an inadvertent introduction or release of drilling fluid into a watercourse and facilitates mitigation against the impact of release on the aquatic environment Total suspended solids (TSS) is the most significant water quality parameter associated with a release. TSS monitoring will indicate if drilling fluid or sediment has entered the watercourse. A useful proxy for TSS is turbidity, which is easily measured in the field.
Water quality monitoring transects should be established at all crossings within the zone of impact and beyond. At least one transect should be established upstream, beyond any influence of construction, to provide control (i.e., background) data. The number and location of transects will be determined by the water quality monitors based on average width, discharge, and channel gradient. Sampling frequency will depend on specific construction activities and the probability of release. Table 6.2 shows approximate sampling locations and sampling intervals. Monitoring will abide by the recommendations set out in A Canada-wide Framework for Water Quality Monitoring (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment [CCME] 2006) following the Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life (CCME 1999).
Table 6.2 Water Quality Monitoring
Monitoring Sample Sites Transect Approximate Sampling Interval (or as determined by the water quality monitor) 1 (Control) 100 m upstream (approx.) 1-2 hours 2 (Control) 50 m upstream (approx.) 1-2 hours 3 Crossing location 1-2 hours 4 50 m downstream (approx.) 1-2 hours 5 100 m downstream (approx.) 1-2 hours 6 200 m downstream (approx.) 1-2 hours 7 400 m downstream (approx.) 1-2 hours 8 600 m downstream (approx.) 1-2 hours
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The water quality monitor shall:
1. Monitor water quality for the duration of construction. 2. Ensure contact is maintained at all times between monitoring, construction, and supervisory personnel. 3. In the event of a drilling fluid or sediment release, request that construction activities stop if values exceed those recommended by the CCME guidelines. Should this occur, works would be suspended until which time the turbidity returns to either the baseline values or to values that are acceptable by CCME. 4. Implications and effects on aquatic resources will be determined by the Fisheries Biologist in consideration of habitat type and quality within the zone of impact. 5. Assist with clean-up in the event of a drilling fluid loss. 6. Assist with regulatory reporting, if necessary, in the event of a drilling fluid loss. 7. Prepare a post HDD monitoring/inspection report.
6.3.2 Dry or Frozen to Bed Open Cut
Open cut construction will only be completed on undefined channels or watercourses with no potential for fish habitat. The following are key environmental mitigations that should be implemented before, during and after an open cut construction, where appropriate:
1. An open cut can only be conducted if the watercourse is dry or frozen to bed. Conditions 2. Confirm the watercourse is dry or frozen to bed. 3. If the watercourse is flowing and the HDD fails or is determined to be unfeasible, refer to the Watercourse Crossing Contingency Plan to install the pipeline using a horizontal bore/punch or isolation (Section 6.4.1). 4. Review DFO’s MOS for Isolated or Dry Open-Cut Stream Crossings prior to DFO’s MOS construction (Appendix D). 5. Review the stream crossings design report for engineering construction recommendations (to be prepared by RCS). 6. Ensure the appropriate measures to protect fish and fish habitat are followed. 7. Install the pipeline using an open cut method as per Drawing 17 Open–cut Method (Appendix B). 8. Achieve a minimum of 2 m of cover below the channel thalweg. 9. Restore stream banks to original contour (Drawing 18, Appendix B). Reclamation 10. Monitor disturbed areas after one growing season for weed species establishment and to ensure the success of natural recovery. Additional revegetation or weed control should be completed if necessary. 11. See EAS (Supplemental Application) for site specific reclamation such as recommended seeding if requested by landowner or if deemed necessary.
6.3.4 Wetland Construction
As noted, all Class IV and V wetlands with standing water will be crossed via HDD. Implement all mitigation measures noted for HDD watercourse crossings during wetland crossings. Class I to III wetlands that cannot be avoided will be crossed via open cut.
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Horizontal Directional Drill
1. Bore sites and bellhole position should maintain a 30 m vegetated buffer of Mitigation undisturbed land, where applicable. 2. Review the recommendations in the stream crossings design report to ensure appropriate depth of cover. 3. Water or inert drilling mud (i.e., bentonite) should be used during drilling. 4. Follow Drilling Fluid release contingency plan (Section 6.4.3) in the event of
a drilling fluid or sediment release.
Open cut
1. Minimize to the extent possible all work within the wetland margins. If Mitigation possible, position the trench to avoid crossing the wetland. 2. Use shoofly or TWS to access the trench (i.e., avoid the wetland). 3. Install erosion control or sediment fencing where needed to prevent sediment from entering the wetland. 4. Remove sod/vegetation mat if present and store separately from topsoil and subsoil. 5. Place all salvage (i.e., organics, topsoil and subsoil) outside the wetland. 6. If storage must occur within the wetland margins, pile material on geotextile fabric to prevent sediment from entering wetland. 7. Minimize trench width as much as possible. 8. Minimize overall disruption to natural drainage. 9. Ensure site is re-contoured to previous topography to ensure no impacts to natural drainage function. 10. Do not smooth terrain during final clean-up to improve natural recovery.
11. Install salvaged sod/organic vegetation mat and allow natural recovery.
6.4 Watercourse Crossing Contingency Planning
The purpose of this section is to provide the contractor with contingency plans for the watercourse crossings and the event of a drilling fluid release (i.e., frac-out) during a HDD construction method. Alternate and/or additional contingency plans may be implemented if approved by Penn West and the appropriate regulatory agencies, if required. Watercourses to be open cut (with isolation if flowing) within the timing restriction or if the high water mark exceeds 5 m wide, shall be referred to DFO for review and must be discussed with Manitoba Water Stewardship. These alternative crossing methods should only be used if a trenchless crossing is not feasible or failed, or if the water body is not flowing at the time of construction. See Table 6.3 for contingency watercourse crossing methods.
Table 6.3 Contingency Watercourse Crossing Method
Restricted Activity Watercourse Crossing Legal Land Location Contingency Crossing Method Timing Window* Waskada Creek SW 6-2-25 WPM Punch/Bore or open cut if dry/frozen to bed April 1 to June 15 Souris Oxbow SW 9-4-26 WPM Punch/bore or isolation April 1 to June 15 Souris River SE 8-4-26 WPM Punch/bore or isolation April 1 to June 15 Jackson Creek SE 17-4-26 WPM Punch/bore or isolation April 1 to June 15 Unnamed tributary to Stony SE 21-5-27 WPM Open cut if dry/frozen to bed April 1 to June 15
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Creek Natural Drainage to Stony SE 21-5-27 WPM Open cut April 1 to June 16 Creek Stony Creek SE 21-5-27 WPM Isolation or open cut if dry/frozen to bed April 1 to June 15 Unnamed tributary to NE 1-8-28 WPM Open cut April 1 to June 15 Pipestone Creek Pipestone Creek SW 25-8-28 WPM Punch/bore or open cut if dry/frozen to bed April 1 to June 15 Unnamed tributary to Oak NE 28-9-28 WPM Punch/bore or open cut if dry/frozen to bed April 1 to June 15 Lake Unnamed tributary to Oak SW 8-10-28 WPM Punch/bore or open cut if dry/frozen to bed April 1 to June 15 Lake
6.4.1 Horizontal Punch or Bore
1. Review DFO’s MOS for Punch and Bore Crossings prior to construction DFO’s MOS (Appendix D). 2. Ensure the appropriate measures to protect fish and fish habitat are followed. 3. Install the pipeline using a horizontal bore/punch as per Drawing 19 Construction (Appendix B). Methods
6.4.2 Isolation
1. Prior to conducting an isolated crossing method, it is recommended that Conditions Manitoba Water Stewardship is contacted to confirm fish absence and the restricted activity timing window. Contact RCS’s Environmental Planner to consult with Manitoba Water Stewardship. 2. If Manitoba Water Stewardship indicates potential for fish presence, fish must Fish Salvage be removed from the isolated area before dewatering (i.e., fish salvage). Fish salvage procedures are: RCS’s Environmental Planner must apply ten (10) business days prior to construction to obtain a Live Fish Handling permit from Manitoba Water Stewardship; Isolate watercourse; and RCS’s Qualified Aquatic Environmental Specialist (QAES) will salvage fish and safely transport them downstream. 3. Review DFO’s MOS for Isolated or Dry Open-Cut Stream Crossings prior to DFO’s MOS construction (Appendix D). 4. Follow the appropriate measures to protect fish and fish habitat. 5. Ensure all necessary equipment is on site prior to construction. Construction 6. Ensure adequate isolation materials and pumps are on site. Use steel plates or sandbags and polysheeting for isolation materials. Do not use earthen berms. 7. Ensure adequate number of pumps and sizes are on site and equipped with properly sized intake screens as per the DFO guidelines (DFO 1995). 8. Install the pipeline using an isolated method as per Drawings 20 and 21 (Appendix B).
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9. Restore stream banks to original contour. Reclamation 10. Monitor disturbed areas after one growing season for weed species establishment and to ensure the success of natural recovery. Additional revegetation or weed control should be completed if necessary. 11. See EAS (Supplemental Application) for site specific reclamation such as recommended seeding if requested by landowner or if deemed necessary.
6.4.3 Drilling Fluid Release
Although HDD construction methods are used to minimize environmental impacts, these techniques still have the potential to impact the environment. An inadvertent release of drilling fluid to the surface (i.e., frac-out) is the highest potential environmental impact associated with a HDD. Terrestrial frac-outs, occurring on shore or in upland areas, result in relatively minor impact to the environment as they are typically easy to contain and clean-up. Frac-outs into a watercourse may result in greater impacts as drilling fluids, generally containing bentonite, are easily dispersed in moving waters and settle quickly in standing water. A frac-out into a watercourse could adversely affect water quality, fish populations, and fish habitat. For quick reference, follow the execution matrix for loss of drilling fluid (Figure 2).
All releases require notification to Manitoba Conservation, Environmental Accident Reporting Line (204-944-4888) as soon as possible following the incident. Manitoba Conservation may require that a report summarizing the release event be submitted within seven (7) days of the notification. The report should detail what happened, where it happened, and what was done to clean it up. The following contingency plan ensures appropriate measures are in place to minimize adverse effects.
6.4.3.1 Mitigation
Use a drilling fluid that is limited to bentonite, fresh water and, if warranted, other inert and environmentally sound additives. Construct adequate bellholes or other containment measures downslope from the entry point and proposed exit point with a capacity adequate to capture anticipated volumes of drilling fluid that could be released during pilot hole drilling, reaming, and pullback. Install surface casing at the entry/exit points if coarse textured, near surface deposits could interfere with drilling fluid circulation. Ensure all personnel are aware of the drilling fluid release procedures and clean-up plan prior to commencement of drilling.
6.4.3.2 Response Equipment
Maintain sufficient and readily available materials and equipment on site during drilling operations to contain any inadvertent drilling fluid release. The drilling contractor shall be responsible for having the following materials on site prior to commencing construction:
Sandbags; Geotextile fabric / filter cloth; Geotextile booms (silt curtains); Geo-bag (filter bag for pump-out areas); Silt fencing; T-bar posts and post pounders; Polyethylene sheeting;
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Trash pumps with sufficient lengths of leak free hose and suction heads; Pump fuel containment devices (drip trays or polyethylene sheeting); Screens for pump inlets; Assorted shovels, axes, and other hand tools; and Vacuum truck(s) on site or on stand-by.
6.4.3.3 Fluid Release Procedures
In the event of a drilling fluid release, a rapid response is crucial in minimizing impacts to the environment. The following are procedures for containment and clean-up of instream and terrestrial frac-outs, as well as procedures to reduce and eliminate drilling fluid losses in-formation. Table 6.3 provides a list of contacts that should be notified in the event of a drilling fluid release. Upon detection of a loss of drilling fluid pressure or drilling fluid release: 1. Immediately notify the Construction Field Supervisor. 2. Suspend drilling operations and conduct a detailed examination of the drill path and surrounding area for evidence of release to the surface. 3. If a drilling fluid release occurs in-stream or terrestrial, the Construction Field Supervisor shall be responsible for providing direction to the contractor for immediate containment of the release area, clean-up, decision making, and reporting. 5. Following containment, the Construction Field Supervisor or designate (e.g., water quality monitor) will immediately notify Manitoba Conservation and DFO’s Fish Habitat Biologist (Table 6.2). 6. The Construction Field Supervisor will prepare a report, if required. The report is to be approved by the Project Manager prior to submission. If requested, the DFO Fish Habitat Biologist will also be sent a copy of the report.
Table 6.4 Drilling Fluid Release Contacts
Contact Phone Project Manager, Dave Tadros : (403) 539-6406 Construction Field Supervisor, Bill Koehler : (306) 461-8701 Manitoba Conservation, Environmental Accident Reporting Line (204) 944-4888 DFO Fish Habitat Biologist, Sherri Clifford : (204) 622-4073 RCS Environmental Planner, Jacqueline Redburn : (403) 912-3940 ext. 230 Environment Canada, Manitoba Office 1-800-263-0595
Instream
Instream containment and clean-up measures include the following:
Divert stream flow around the drilling fluid, if feasible; Consider installation of cofferdams made of sand bags or sheet metal and attempt to contain the release point within the isolated area; Install silt fencing or geotextile booms (e.g., silt curtain) around the frac-out location(s), if feasible; Remove fluid from the watercourse with pumps or shovels. Consider the following options: Use trash pumps or a hydrovac truck. If trash pumps are used, ensure the pump-off area does not drain directly back into the watercourse or construct a holding area;
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In consultation with DFO’s Fish Habitat Biologist, leave fluid in place if removal will result in unacceptable terrain or instream damage. A follow-up aquatic assessment may be required by DFO to determine the impact of instream drilling fluid release on aquatic resources; and If accessible by heavy equipment, immediately construct berms or excavate a sump for containment in an area where no existing pipelines are present; Dispose of drilling fluid in accordance with the RM and Manitoba Conservation requirements.
Terrestrial
Terrestrial containment and clean-up measures include the following:
Contain the fluid release to limit the area affected and prevent the drilling fluid from entering a watercourse; Pump drilling fluids back to the drilling rig, if feasible; Remove drilling fluids by hand with shovels and pails or by vacuum truck; Leave the fluid to dry and dissipate naturally if the amount of drilling fluid released is not substantial enough to allow collection; and Dispose of drilling fluid in accordance with the RM and Manitoba Conservation requirements.
In-formation
The loss of drilling fluid into seams of coarse material, fissures, etc. (i.e., in-formation) routinely occurs during drilling operations. Since drilling fluid does not always flow to the surface, a loss may not be easily detected. If a loss of drilling fluid pressure is detected and no sign of frac-out is observed, complete the following procedure to reduce and eliminate losses into formation:
Modify the drilling fluid (e.g., thickening of fluid by increasing bentonite content or the addition of sealers/plugging agents) to plug fissures and fractures. Sealing agents such as sawdust, nut shells, bentonite pellets, or other commercially available products may be pumped into the drill hole and left undisturbed for an appropriate period of time whereupon drilling will resume; Modify the drilling technique to reduce or stop losses of drilling fluid; If the drill tools become caked with cuttings, moving the tools back and forth (i.e., cleaning the hole) may dislodge the stuck materials; If a minor void is encountered, a change in the direction of the drill path may avoid drilling fluid losses; and Drill at a deeper depth or offset drill path.
6.4.3.4 Continuance of Drilling
Drilling will only be allowed to resume if the potential for adverse impacts to the environment is low, as decided by the Project Manager in consultation with the Construction Field Supervisor, and as approved by DFO’s Fish Habitat Biologist, if consulted. Progressively implement the following measures to prevent the further release of drilling fluid:
Reduce drilling fluid pressure, if practical; Plug fissures/fracture with sealers or plugging agents. Sealing agents such as sawdust, nut shells, bentonite pellets, sealant or other commercially available products will be pumped into the drill hole
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and left undisturbed for an appropriate period of time whereupon drilling will resume. If the sealing agents are not successful, drilling will be suspended and the plan reviewed and revised; Employ downhole cementing to seal off a large portion of the existing drill hole to a point where a new drill path (generally at a lower elevation) can be attempted. If this measure is unsuccessful then drilling will be suspended and the plan reviewed and revised; and Move the drill and attempt to redrill from a new location employing the same protection measures implemented on the initial drill if conditions indicate a second drill will be successful. Prior to commencing a re-drill, the proposed drill path will be reviewed and revised accordingly, if necessary.
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EXECUTION MATRIX FOR THE NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR THE RELEASE OF SEDIMENT OR DRILLING FLUID CONTACTS: PHONE: LOSS OF DRILLING FLUID Onsite Contacts Step 1: The Construction Field Supervisor and Water Quality Monitor are notified (by Construction Field Supervisor, Bill Koehler (306)461-8701 drilling Contractor or laborers) of a loss of drilling fluid. A lo ss of d r il lin g flu id is d et ec te d. T he Co nst r uc tio n Field Drilling Fluid Release Contacts Su pe r viso r or d es i g n at e (Wat er Quali t y Monit or) is n o tifie d. Manitoba Conservation, Environmental Accident Step 2: The Construction Field Supervisor and Water Quality Monitor provide the Reporting Line (24 Hour) (204) 944-4888 Contractor with instructions for drilling fluid containment and clean-up. DFO Fish Habitat Biologist, Sherri Clifford (204) 622-4073
Step 3: The Water Quality Monitor resumes water quality monitoring and obtains samples, Other Contacts if necessary. Suspend drilling operations. Project Manager, Dave Tadros (403) 539-6406 RCS Fisheries Biologist, Marcie Gareau (403) 912-3940 ext. 223 Step 4: Once release site is secured and clean-up is underway, the Construction Field Project Manager, Craig Meyers (403) 536-7458 Supervisor or Water Quality Monitor notifies Manitoba Conservation. DFO's Fish Habitat Biologist is also informed. Formation releases are notified based on the severity of loss of drilling fluid as determined by the Construction Field Supervisor in discussion with Water Quality Monitor. Search upstream, downstream, the drill path and Acronyms and Abbreviations: surrounding upland areas to locate any drilling fluid that DFO - Fisheries and Oceans Canada Step 5: The Drilling Supervisor or designate (Water Quality Monitor) prepares a report, if may have come to the surface or released into the RCS - Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. required. watercourse.
Step 6: The Drilling Supervisor or designate (Water Quality Monitor) submits report.
A: Formation fluid release* B: On-shore fluid release* C: In-stream fluid release* (unable to locate drilling fluid or mud) (Surface [on-shore] frac-out observed) (Drilling fluid detected in watercourse)
The Construction Field Supervisor and Water Quality Monitor The Construction Field Supervisor and Water Quality Monitor determine the severity of the release. The Drilling Supervisor or The Construction Field Supervisor or Water Quality Monitor determine the severity of the evaluates the release location to develop containment Water Quality Monitor will contact Manitoba Conservation and procedures. DFO, if necessary. Contain drilling fluid if practical and safe to do so. Take water Larger amounts of fluid loss should be If amount of fluid lost is small, it may be samples and attempt to remove drilling fluid from the contained, prevented from spreading allowed to dry and dissipate naturally (ensure watercourse and/or divert streamflow (means of isolation) on-shore or entering the watercourse, and Re-evaluate drill and implement methods to prevent further that containment is in place). around drilling fluid release site. release of drilling fluid. cleaned-up.
The Construction Field Supervisor or Water Quality Monitor notifies Manitoba Conservation The Construction Field Supervisor or Water Quality Monitor notifies Manitoba Conservation then DFO with response details and the then DFO. Continue monitoring and drilling if no adverse environmental volume of release. effects are likely. Re-evaluate drill and employ methods to prevent further release of drilling fluid. Employ methods to prevent further release of drilling fluid. Water Quality Monitor continues monitoring. Suspend drilling if adverse environmental * An environmental report describing the event shall be completed by the Drilling Supervisor or Water Quality Monitor following any loss of effects are likely to occur as determined by drilling fluid. the Construction Field Supervisor and Water Continue drilling if no Suspend drilling and re-evaluate * A report may be requested by Manitoba Conservation. Quality Monitor. Re-evaluate crossing adverse crossing method if adverse * The report is prepared by the Drilling Supervisor or Fisheries method. environmental effects environmental effects are likely to Biologist and submitted. are likely. occur. Initiate the watercourse crossing contingency plan.
RESPONSE MATERIALS !Sand bags DISCLAIMER !Geotextile fabric / filter cloth FIGURE 2 !Geotextile booms (silt curtains) This flowchart has been developed by Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. for Penn West DRILLING FLUID RELEASE EXECUTION MATRIX FOR THE ! Geo-bag (filter bag for pump-out areas) Exploration to be used as a contingency strategy in the event of a loss of drilling fluid during the !Silt fencing PENN WEST EXPLORATION !T-bar posts and post pounder HDD pipeline crossings of the Souris River, Stony Creek and Tributary to Stony Creek. A drilling WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT !Polyethylene sheeting fluid loss may pose unique challenges or unforeseen difficulties; therefore, alterations to these !Trash pumps and leak-free hose steps may be necessary based on incident specific circumstances. Penn West must approve !Screens for pump inlets changes to this contingency plan. This execution matrix shall not be distributed or copied (in !Pump fuel containment devices (drip trays) !Assorted shovels, axes and other hand tools whole or in part) without written permission of Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. 12-3247-2 April 2012 !Vacuum truck(s) onsite or on stand-by EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
7. CONTINGENCY PLANNING
The purpose of the following section is to provide the contractor with contingency plans for wet weather, topsoil handling, topsoil erosion, emergencies and spills, and hazardous material containment procedures. Topsoil conservation should occur at all times even under adverse climatic conditions. Contingency plans should be implemented to minimize loss of topsoil under abnormal conditions and nonroutine construction practices. Alternative contingency plans may be implemented if approved by Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor in consultation with the Project Manager.
7.1 Wet Weather
Working during wet weather can damage topsoil, cause irreversible damage to native prairie, admixing and loss of agriculture capability. Construction should be shut-down if the following contingency measures do not improve working conditions along the right-of-way.
Environmental Factors: Contingency Mitigation:
Wet Weather 1. Postpone construction to minimize terrain disturbance and soil structure damage, until the ground dries out or refreezes. 2. Any construction activity that could cause sediment transport into a watercourse shall be halted during periods of heavy rain fall (Weaver pers comm). 3. Wet weather shut-down will be executed if the following occur: Excessive rutting; Spinning tires; Build-up of mud on tires and cleats; Formation of puddles; and Tracking of mud down roads as vehicles leave the right-of-way. 4. The following shall be implemented, if warranted, if the above indicators occur: Shutdown construction until soils dry out or refreeze; Prevent rubber-tired traffic from driving on the right-of-way; Install geotextile fabric; Use equipment with low ground pressure tires (e.g., quads) or wide pad tracks; Modify work schedule to reflect working earlier or later in the day; and Salvage topsoil from full right-of-way (when soils are dry) to prevent admixing and rutting (note: full right-of-way stripping will not be allowed on native prairie). 5. Restrict construction traffic where feasible to equipment with low ground pressure tires or wide pads. 6. Work on nonproblem areas, such as well sodded lands or areas with well drained soil until conditions improve. 7. Consider stripping topsoil from work side in excessive problem areas. Shut-down Decision 8. As noted, the wet weather shut-down decision will be made by Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor in consultation with the Project Manager.
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7.2 Species of Concern
It is recommended that an Environmental Inspector familiar with species of concern that may potentially inhabit the area is onsite at all times during construction (Manitoba Conservation 2010). Appropriate mitigation for the identified species at risk or of concern will be implemented.
Environmental Factors Contingency Mitigation
1. As all construction is proposed to occur outside of the breeding bird Wildlife period (April 15 to July 31) disturbance to nesting birds and potential species of concern should be minimised. 2. No clearing of vegetation from wetlands with surface water will decrease potential impacts to northern leopard frogs and other amphibians. 3. If a wildlife species of concern is identified during construction, work will be suspended in the immediate area until mitigation is discussed with Manitoba Conservation. 4. If final clean-up is required in summer 2013 a wildlife survey will be completed prior to activities commencing. It is recommended that no construction activities occur on native habitats during the sensitive breeding period of April 15 to July 31 (Environment Canada 2011). 5. If an active nest is observed in the 2013 wildlife survey, or during clean-up, a species appropriate buffer will be maintained until the young have fledged. 6. Additional buffers from upland game bird and raptor nests will be determined in consultation with Manitoba Conservation, if needed. 7. If a plant species suspected of being rare or a species of concern is Rare Plants identified during construction, work will be suspended in the immediate area until mitigation is discussed with Manitoba Conservation (see Supplemental Application for results from the rare plant survey). 8. It is recommended that a 300 m setback be observed from all rare plants (Environment Canada 2011), unless an exception under Sections 73, 74 and 78 under the Species at Risk Act is agreed to by Environment Canada.
7.3 Topsoil Handling Contingency Plan
Construction could cause loss of agricultural capability. The following mitigation is suggested to reduce impact associated with construction.
Environmental Factors: Contingency Mitigation:
1. Strip topsoil to the plow layer on cultivated land, to color change or to Little or no topsoil 20 cm, whichever is greatest. 2. Review the regional soils information noted on the EAS and soil survey (Supplemental Application) for recommendations of topsoil stripping depths. 3. Strip the topsoil to the root zone on native prairie, seeded pasture and on hayland, to color change or to 15 cm, whichever is greatest.
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4. Avoid admixing, i.e., overstripping topsoil and mixing with subsoil. 5. Strip all available topsoil. Obtain extra TWS if needed for topsoil Deep Topsoil storage. 6. Discuss the topsoil stripping depth with the Construction Field Poor Color Separation Supervisor for those areas where topsoil is not readily distinguishable Between Topsoil and by color. For topsoil where the color distinction between A (topsoil) Subsoil and B (subsoil) horizons are not recognizable, the Construction Field Supervisor will determine the depth of topsoil stripping considering depth of topsoil indicated on the EAS and texture differences between
soil horizons. 7. Check the topsoil and subsoil texture prior to stripping. Use topsoil
depths indicated on the EAS as a guide. 8. Assign an inspector to guide equipment as to the depth of topsoil, if warranted. 9. Salvage topsoil with conventional equipment. Stony Subsoil or 10. Use a backhoe if conventional equipment is not practical. Strip a Topsoil wider area of topsoil, when excavating boulders or bedrock from the trench. 11. Pick rocks after backfilling and topsoil replacement equivalent to off
right-of-way conditions. 12. Dispose of rocks/stones at a location approved by the landowner or
RM. 13. Rip bedrock if encountered. Bedrock 14. Do not place bedrock within 0.5 m of the top of the trench on cultivated land. 15. Dispose of excess bedrock at locations approved by the landowner or RM. 16. Obtain additional backfill material from a location offsite and approved by the landowner, and the RM. 17. Contact Penn West’s Project Manager to discuss with the landowner Alternate Topsoil the benefits of topsoil salvage and the soils handling strategies Handling Requested by promoted in this report. Landowner 18. Abide by the landowner’s request following discussions with the Petroleum Branch and RM. 19. Suspend construction at that location. Unstable Trench 20. Preweld dig drag section before continuing ditching operations. 21. Strip a wider area of topsoil to accommodate a wider trench excavation. 22. Back slope the trench walls, abiding by Penn West’s safety regulations and requirements.
23. Reduce vehicle and equipment travel along the work side of the Topsoil and Vegetation right-of-way. Pulverization 24. Limit access to quads (or equivalent, John Deere GatorTM or rubber tracked equipment) or foot traffic only. 25. Minimize right-of-way workside traffic. 26. Narrow the right-of-way to the extent practical. 27. Strip-out access roads on cultivated land prior to accessing sites. 28. Restrict all construction activities to the spoil side of the right-of-way. 29. Conduct multi-task construction activities (e.g., pulling a sloop behind
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the side boom and pick-up the skids during lowering-in). 30. Conduct full right-of-way stripping on cultivated land. 31. Install snow fencing. Topsoil Erosion 32. Water-down topsoil windrows. 33. Reduce the trench width (to reduce the spoil pile and topsoil windrow Scalping of Vegetation sizes). (native prairie, seeded 34. Minimize the topsoil stripping width to the extent practical. pasture and hayland) 35. Backfill and replace topsoil with a narrow bucket backhoe equipped with a clean-up bucket. 36. Leave clay or some topsoil vs. backfilling and scalping vegetation.
7.4 Topsoil Erosion Protection
Should soil erosion from wind or water occur during construction, the contractor should make available personnel and applicable equipment to control topsoil loss. Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor in consultation with the Environmental Inspector will determine appropriate mitigation to reduce topsoil loss.
Environmental Factors: Contingency Mitigations:
1. Install temporary cross ditches and diversion berms constructed of Water Erosion subsoil, sandbags or bales, if approved by landowner and RM. 2. Strip any remaining topsoil and place it away from area to be regraded. 3. Regrade rill or gully erosion. 4. Install silt fences (Drawing 2). 5. Consider the following mitigation if wind erosion of the topsoil windrow Wind Erosion occurs: Postpone topsoil stripping until prior to trenching;
Water the topsoil windrow; Tackify the topsoil windrow; Pack the topsoil windrow with a suitable piece of equipment that will not expedite additional topsoil loss; or Employ straw crimping at 2-2.5 tones/ha (0.8-1.0 tons/ac) only if approved by landowner and the respective RM. 6. Consider using the following techniques if wind erosion is of concern
after topsoil replacement: Conduct straw crimping (if approved by the landowner and RM); Contact Project Manager for local straw suppliers (Appendix 1); Apply tackifier; Incorporate locally available manure; and Install snow fences.
7.5 Sediment Release
A sediment release is the flow of sediment-laden water into a watercourse caused by erosion or run-off. Should a sediment release occur, the following section outlines a recommended Sediment Release Contingency Plan. The Construction Field Supervisor shall review the response plan with their contractors prior to commencement of work.
Should a sediment release occur, the first person on the scene shall immediately:
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1. Stop work; 2. Control the source of the sediment release, if possible and safe to do so; 3. Contain the sediment release; and 4. Notify supervisory personnel.
When notified of a sediment release, the Construction Field Supervisor shall:
1. Notify the Environmental Inspector or Fisheries Biologist; 2. Ensure the necessary personnel and equipment are mobilized; 3. Further contain the sediment release and begin clean-up; and 4. Notify the appropriate Penn West personnel.
7.6 Spills
Should a spill occur, the following section briefly outlines a recommended Spill Contingency Plan. Follow all measures detailed in the Penn West Emergency Response Plan, Spill Response Section. A spill is the release of a substance that may have an adverse effect on the environment. The Construction Field Supervisor shall review all applicable spill response plans with their contractors prior to commencement of work.
7.6.1 Response Procedures
Should a spill occur, the first person on the scene shall immediately:
1. Stop work; 2. Assess the area for imminent danger; Identify and, if safe, eliminate any ignition points; Determine the composition of the spill material; 3. Control the source of the spill, if possible and safe to do so; 4. Secure the area by taking actions to protect human life; 5. Contain the spill; and 6. Notify supervisory personnel.
When notified of a spill, the Construction Field Supervisor shall:
1. Secure the area by taking actions to protect human life and the environment; 2. Notify the appropriate emergency response agencies; 3. Ensure the necessary personnel and equipment are mobilized; 4. Further contain the spill and begin clean-up; 5. Notify the appropriate Penn West personnel; and 6. Notify the appropriate regulatory agencies.
7.6.2 Containment Procedures
Suggested procedures for containment of most spills are described below. These procedures should not be implemented if human life or injury is at risk.
1. Contain the spill by directing material onto well sodden areas, berm containment areas or into natural depressions. This may require excavation of trenches or storage sites to facilitate clean-up procedures;
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2. Minimize personnel traveling to the containment site to only those involved with the clean-up; 3. Remove the hazardous material by using sorbent materials, sorbent cloths or by commissioning a vacuum truck service. Isolate the spill and use skimmers, sorbents, etc., if feasible, to contain and recover spilled material from watercourses. Contact DFO and MB Conservation if instream clean-up is required; 4. Dispose of spill material at an approved disposal site only; and 5. Monitor site for further contamination. Evaluate the need for soil and vegetation analysis and add soil amendments, if warranted.
7.6.3 Reporting
Upon becoming aware of a spill, the Construction Field Supervisor shall immediately notify the appropriate regulatory agencies by telephone. A list of contacts is supplied in Table 6.4. A written report may be requested.
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8. REFERENCES
Personal Communications
RCS would like to thank the following individuals for their assistance, consideration and expertise in preparing this report:
Cuthbert, Calvin. Ducks Unlimited Canada. Brandon, Manitoba
Davies, Delnor. Weed Specialist, Rural Municipalities of Arthur and Edward. Pierson, Manitoba.
Weaver, William. Environmental Review Officer, Planning and Coordination Branch, Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship Winnipeg, Manitoba
Literature Cited
Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers. 2004. Planning Horizontal Directional Drilling for Pipeline Construction. Prepared by Entec Consulting Limited, TERA Environmental Consultants, Canadian Horizontal Drilling Ltd., and Geo-Engineering (M.S.T.) Ltd. Calgary, Alberta.
Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, Canadian Energy Pipeline Association and Canadian Gas Association (CAPP, CEPA, CGA). 2005. Pipeline Associated Watercourse Crossings, Third Edition. Prepared by TERA Environmental Consultants and Salmo Consulting Inc. Calgary, Alberta.
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). 2006. A Canada-wide Framework for Water Quality Monitoring. http://www.ccme.ca/assets/pdf/wqm_framework_1.0_e_web.pdf.
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). 1999. Canadian environmental quality guidelines, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Prairies and Northern Region October 2011. Activity Setback Guidelines for Prairie Plan Species at Risk. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
Environment Canada, Environmental Protection July 2011. Follow-up to Provident Energy Pipeline Project Application No. 4194-10/5-3212. Winnipeg Manitoba
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 1995. Freshwater Intake End-of-Pipe Fish Screen Guideline. Communications Directorate, Ottawa, Ontario, DFO/5080, Minister of Supply and Services Canada Catalogue No. Fs 23-270 / 1995E.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 2007. Manitoba Operational Statement, High Pressure Directional Drilling. Version 3.0. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/regions/central/habitat/os-eo/provinces-territories- territoires/mb/os-eo09-eng.htm
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 2007. Manitoba Operational Statement, Ice Bridges and Snow Fills. Version 3.0. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/regions/central/habitat/os-eo/provinces-territories- territoires/mb/os-eo10-eng.htm
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Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 2007. Manitoba Operational Statement, Isolated or Dry Open cut Crossings Version 3.0. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/regions/central/habitat/os-eo/provinces-territories- territoires/mb/os-eo22-eng.htm
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 2010. Manitoba Operational Statement, Timing Windows. Version 3.0. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/regions/central/habitat/os-eo/provinces-territories- territoires/mb/os-eo21-eng.htm
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). 2007. Manitoba Operational Statement, Punch and Bore Crossings Version 3.0. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/regions/central/habitat/os-eo/provinces-territories- territoires/mb/os-eo16-eng.htm
Government of Manitoba. 1988a. The Environment Act, C.C.S.M. c. E125. Queen’s Printer. Manitoba.
Government of Manitoba. 1988b. Noxious Weeds Act, C.C.S.M. c. N110. Queen’s Printer. Manitoba.
Manitoba Conservation, Climate Change and Environmental Protection Division. Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch. August 2010. Environment Act License No. 2930 for EOG Energy Resources Canada Inc. Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Rangeland Conservation Service 2009. Environmental Protection Plan for the proposed Penn West Energy Trust Waskada Pipeline Project. Airdire, Alberta
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Appendix A Contacts
PROJECT CONTACTS:
Penn West’s Project Manager Dave Tadros Penn West Exploration 200, 207 – 9th Avenue S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 1K3 Telephone: (403) 539-6406 Cellular: (403) 875-0802 Facsimile: (403) 539-5975 Email: [email protected]
Craig Myers Swift’s Project Manager Swift Engineering Inc. Suite 900, 736-8th Ave SW Calgary, Alberta T2P 1H4 Telephone: (403) 536-7458 Cellular: (403) 988-3063 Email: [email protected]
Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor Bill Koehler Penn West Exploration – Saskatchewan Office Box 519, 311 Kensington Avenue Estevan, Saskatchewan S4A 2A5 Telephone: (306) 461-8701 Email: [email protected]
Penn West’s Regulatory Coordinator Linda Risseeuw Penn West Exploration Suite 200, 207-9th Ave S.W. Calgary, Alberta T2P 1K3 Telephone: (403) 539-5916 Cellular: (403) 875-8566 Email: [email protected]
RCS Senior Environmental Planner Jacqueline Redburn Contact for the EPP; contact and invite to the Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. kick-off meeting; contact to arrange for 502, 2903 Kingsview Boulevard S.E. environmental inspection; and contact to arrange Airdrie, Alberta T4A 0C4 the spring 2013 wildlife survey and summer 2013 Telephone: (403) 912-3940 ext. 230 post-construction environmental audit Cellular: (403) 818-5841 Facsimile: (403) 948-3148 Email: [email protected]
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RCS Fisheries Biologist Marcie Gareau Notify 10 working days prior to HDD to arrange Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. water quality monitoring 502, 2903 Kingsview Boulevard S.E. Airdrie, Alberta T4A 0C4 Telephone: (403) 912-3940 Cellular: (403) 969-0320 Facsimile: (403) 948-3148 Email: [email protected]
REGULATORY CONTACTS:
Chief Petroleum Engineer Jennifer Abel Contact prior to pressure testing Petroleum Branch Innovation Energy and Mines Box 1359, 227 King Street West Virden Manitoba R0M 2C0 Telephone: (204) 748-4265 Facsimile: (204) 748-2208 [email protected]
Director Environmental Assessment and Tracey Braun Licensing Branch Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship Contact for water withdrawals Environmental Assessment and Licensing Branch Box 16- 200 Saulteaux Crescent Winnipeg, Manitoba R3J 3W3 Telephone: (204) 945-6114
Environmental Review Officer William Weaver Planning and Coordination Branch 200 Saulteaux Crescent, Box 14 Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship Winnipeg, Manitoba R3J 3W3 Telephone: (204) 945-6395 Toll-free Telephone: (800) 214-6497 Facsimile: (204) 945-7419 Email: [email protected]
Biodiversity Information Manager, Chris Friesen Contact if encounters with wildlife occur Wildlife and Ecosystem Protection Branch Manitoba Conservation Data Centre 200 Saulteaux Crescent Winnipeg Manitoba Box 11 R3J 3W3 Telephone: (204) 945-7747 Email: [email protected]
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Fisheries Habitat Biologist Sherri Clifford Contact in the event of a spill or if there is a Senior Habitat Biologist change in the HDD design Prairies Area, Central and Artic Region 302 Main Street South Dauphin Manitoba R7N 1K7 Telephone: (204) 622-4073 Fax: (204) 622-4066 Email: [email protected]
Manager, Archeological Assessment Services Brian Smith Unit Historic Resources Branch Contact in the event of an archaeological, Manitoba Culture, Heritage and Tourism Branch palaeontological or historical site discovery for 213 Notre Dame Avenue instructions Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 1N3 Telephone: (204) 945-7146 Facsimile: (204) 948-2384 Email: [email protected]
Contact in the event of a refined or unrefined Manitoba Conservation, Environmental Accident product release Reporting Line (24 Hours) Telephone: (204) 945-4888
NONGOVERNMENT CONTACTS:
Contact prior to the HDD at Jackson Creek; in the Calvin Cuthbert event of a drilling fluid release at Jackson Creek; Conservation Program Specialist and in the event that HDD needs rerouting at the Ducks Unlimited Canada Jackson Creek crossing Unit 2-545 Conservation Drive Brandon, Manitoba R7A 7L8 Telephone: (204) 729-3500 Facsimile: (204) 727-6044 Email: [email protected]
Contact for drilling fluid disposal Town of Virden Petroleum Industry Waste Treatment And Disposal Facility SE 24-11-26 W4M P.O. Box 1019 Virden, Manitoba R0M 2C0 Telephone: (204) 748-6033 Facsimile: (204) 748-6033
RM of Arthur Sandra Anderson Chief Administrative Officer Box 429 138 Main Street Melita ,Manitoba R0M 1L0 Telephone: (204) 522-3263 Facsimile: (204) 522-8706 Email: [email protected]
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RM of Albert Gavin Mackenzie Chief Administrative Officer Box 70 14 Morris Street Tilston ,Manitoba R0M 2B0 Telephone: (204) 686-2271 Facsimile: (204) 686-2335 [email protected]
RM of Brenda Diane Woodworth Chief Administrative Officer 33 Railway Avenue Box 40 Waskada, Manitoba, R0M 2E0 Telephone: (204) 673-2401 Facsimile: (204) 673-2663 [email protected]
RM of Pipestone June Greggor Chief Administrative Officer Box 99 Reston , MB R0M 1X0 Telephone: (204)-877-3327 Facsimile: (204) 877-3999
RM of Wallace Don Stephenson Chief Administrative Officer Box 2200 Virden, Manitoba,R0M 2C0 Telephone: (204) 748-1239 Facsimile: (204) 748-3450 [email protected]
EMERGENCY CONTACTS:
Melita Fire Chief 911 or (204) 522-3278
Melita Ambulance 911
Melita Hospital 911 or (204) 522-3403
Melita RCMP 911 or (204) 522-3248 Reston RCMP 911 or (204) 877-3701
Page 52 Penn West Exploration
EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Appendix B Environmental Typical Drawings
Page 53 Penn West Exploration
Pipeline R/W (Remove existing posts in this area)
mm mm
0 mm 0 mm 0 0 4600 mm
1800 1800 18 18
4 wire gate secured during construction Existing fence Install two + 100 mm (4”) posts with 4x4 blocking (provide treated material for width of pipeline R/W), cut wires and fasten to new posts - see detail. Post for 2 piece gate
Treated 4x4 (100 mm x 100 mm) Pipeline R/W fir blocking Install pipeline warning sign between fence posts closest to the pipeline
760 mm minimum
Existing fence Diagonal twisted No. 9 Upon completion of pipeline place galvanized wires new posts 4600 mm apart across pipeline R/W with 4 barbed wire 10 gauge two Cut existing wires, strand with 4 barbs. bend around post and twist
Construction Notes: 1. Install temporary fence crossings using this Typical as a guide. Bracing, gates and wires type should be reviewed by landowner prior to installation. Landowner’s fencing specifications take precedence over the recommendations in this drawing. Replacement during final clean-up should be of equal or better quality as was in place prior to construction. 2. All temporary fence crossings will be installed and tied into existing fence with new material. 3. Crossings will be maintained and secured throughout the project. 4. Posts will be spaced a minimum of 1.5 m apart, with #9 wire for cross bracing and tied at the top. 5. Fence crossings will be #4 wire barb wire. 6. Following final clean-up, a minimum four wire fence should be constructed, unless otherwise specified by landowner. 7. Mechanical closers only to be used for gates; no tarp straps, etc.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 1: FENCES AND REPAIRS 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Environmentally Sensitive Area
2.0m every Satke
T-Bar or Varies Riparian Area 3.0 m Minimum bc te i e Fa ri Ge o xt l
Varies nbg Runoff sa d a s Fill or Cosrs dit hc Watercourse 1.2 m Minimum 2.0 m Minimum
Side View of Silt Fence Installation
Construction Notes
1. Install silt fences at locations where sediment is to be contained along the right-of-way following grading and final clean-up, using the method and materials illustrated above.
2. Place silt fences a minimum 2 m, if feasible, from the toe of the slope to increase ponding volume. Key in the base of geotextile fabric into substrate. Excavate a narrow trench, place the base of the silt fence in the trench and place sand bags or clay in the trench, securing the fence in place. Silt fence is a temporary means of controlling erosion and preventing sediment from entering watercourse.
3. Maintain silt fences throughout construction.
4. Ensure silt fences, if removed or damaged, are reinstalled or repaired prior to the end of the work day.
5. Maintain silt fences in place at the base of approach slopes until vegetation establishes on the right-of-way. Ensure that Penn West’s Operations staff monitor, replace damage fences or remove them when they are no longer needed.
6. In areas with frequent traffic or higher water flow, install two or more fences in a staggered or overlapping configuration to allow equipment passage without removing or opening the fences.
Drawing-installation PENN WEST EXPLORATION procedures may be different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 2: SEDIMENTATION CONTROL- SILT FENCE INSTALLATION 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Right-of-way and Tempoary Workspace Work Side Spoil Side Snow Strippings (50% Organics, 50% Mineral Soil) Tlopsoi and oil LFH MineSubs al So l Spoil pri Up er
Cut Snow
Fill
Rak ollb
l h c ob il Rlack Fill enc StrippingsSpo d Tr Nat ural Gra e Cross R/W Profile - Not to scale
Construction Notes 1. Rveiwe PnnWe e st’s e ng i n e eri n g co n str u c t iorws n d a ing (viefo if a a labl ) r aoe mr accurate Prjct oei r ght-of-wa y config uration priotoeeor d v l pin g a g ra d e paln. Te h gaig rdn draw ing s h ows a tpcayi lr ight -f-a o w y con fga i ur tion te o b consi d e red drn u ig grad igTe n . h fina l co n figu r at in o m uts be plan n ed cor nside ing t he wokigrn a re aTS , Wan dn existi g thirda prtyh otline s . Gr a dig n sh o uld b e mni i m i zed, whe r e v er possi bl e. T h e con tr a c t o r sh ou l d pe r pa r e ae d tailega d rde plan pi r o r to constragl uction. Gr din sha l not be perie m tt d onave nti prair i.e 2ur.Bnruchnsavgbdb o ml no - l a eable tim er an grub ed roorse ts, if p e nt, fmro th er aeato brd. e ga ed Sto ring tsi op ol on tehi hgh side ogf the ri ht-of-w a y isp referre d . S avl age t opsoi l to the depni th idcated on tE he AS (s eSul e pp eme n tal Applicto a i n); store sonw sepa r a te from tslSe op oi . e lnadonr wel ine lst i fr o ti mber d i spo sa l i f pret sen insha. bu l nd 3. Aoiv d ove r - str ipp i n g into part en ma ta. eri l 4e. L ave be r aks in t o psoil an d tren ch speoil pil s at os bviou w ildie l f tr a il s , dan r i ag e s, and wate r course s . 5. Place ga r de mate r i a l al o ng t he lw o side of tehg--a ri ht of w y to co nstru ct th e wor ks ide, if nec e ss a r y . 6. Str ore t ench spoi l on spoi l side of t h e righ t- of -w a y. 7. Backfill an d compa ct tet h re nch a nd cut be twe e n the undisbenr tur d atu al gralilre de and fa se-f l . Re-contou th rt igh -of- wyai to ts preconstructi on profil e , grade and drain. age 8. Repl ace topsoil evy enl ove r thegr aded a r ea. 9. See d wiaemi th appropri t x.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 3: GRADING 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Right-of-way and Temporary Workspace
Snow
Strippings
Sideboom Counter Weights
Spoil Cut Snow
Fill Cut Two-tone grading
Cut rade Cut G Natural
Cross R/W - Not to scale
Construction Notes
1. Review Penn West’s engineering construction drawings (if available) for a more accurate Project right-of-way configuration prior to developing a grade plan. The two-tone drawing shows a typical right-of-way configuration to be considered during grading. The final configuration must be planned considering the working area, TWS and existing third party hotlines. Grading should be minimized, wherever possible. Grading shall not be permitted on native prairie. 2. Burn or mulch non salvageable timber and grubbed roots, if present. See landowner line list for timber disposal if present in bushland. 3. Two-tone the right-of-way to minimize cuts and the need for extra TWS on sidehills, when practical. Salvage topsoil to a depth shown on the EAS (see Supplemental Application) or to colour change, whichever is deepest. Blade-off snow and store separate from topsoil. 4. Minimize grading, if practical, where sidehills are encountered by two-toning the right-of-way. 5. Ensure grade material does not extend beyond the edge of the right-of-way unless extra TWS has been acquired. 6. Install erosion control features such as silt fences and subdrains, if warranted.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 4: TWO-TONE SIDEHILL GRADING 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Land Use and Construction Season: Native prairie, bushland, seed pasture, and hayland all season and on cultivated during frozen ground conditions. Right-of-Way
Edge Edge of of Right-of-way Right-of-way
Sipo l Tsiop o l Pipe ileP Slpoi Sipetr p d tsilop o UNDISTURBED SOD UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL Stripped area LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
Tdwice trench wi th Construction Steps (0.5 m wi d er on ethie r side of the tr e nch) 1. Conduct minimal disturbance topsoil stripping on native prairie, bushland, seeded pasture and on hayland during nonfrozen ground conditions, or on all land uses including cultivation (during frozen ground conditions only), as per drawing. The stripped area should be approximately twice the width of the narrow trench or approximately 2.5 m wide, 0.5 m wider than either side of the trench. Strip a wider area on hayland (i.e., blade width 5 m) to reduce the chance of a large roach, if warranted. Minimal disturbance stripping is preferred over blade width stripping. 2. Strip topsoil to the depth of colour change (see Drawing 6) or to the depth indicated on the EAS (Appendix H), whichever is deepest. Multiple passes during topsoil stripping is preferred to a single pass. All available topsoil must be salvaged unless otherwise approved by Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor. Initiate the topsoil handling contingency plan for problem soil. 3. Shut-down topsoil stripping operations during wet ground conditions. Implement the wet weather and soil erosion contingency plans, if warranted. 4. Maintain cross right-of-way drainage at all times. Leave breaks at any obvious drainages, livestock, game trails and farm equipment crossing locations. 5. Excavate the trench using a side-cast chain trencher(s) (i.e. Vermeers), a narrow wheel ditcher or a track hoe. 6. Store topsoil and spoil on opposite sides of the trench, unless otherwise approved by Penn West’s Construction Field Supervisor. Avoid placing topsoil and spoil material in drainages or wetlands. 7. Backfill taking care to remove subsoil only. Minimize scalping of vegetation and avoid leaving clay behind in rough topography, if practical. Leaving clay behind is preferred over scalping the vegetation. 8. Avoid admixing during backfilling on cultivated land. 9. Pack the trench by running a grader wheel (or equivalent) down the trench line. 10. Crown the trench to allow for subsidence, if practical. Leave breaks in the crown to allow for natural drainage and livestock and game trails. 11. Recontour the right-of-way to its preconstruction grade and drainage. 12. Replace topsoil using equipped capable of accurate depth control (e.g. a grader with an experienced operator) to
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 5: TOPSOIL SALVAGE - MINIMAL DISTURBANCE 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Land Use: Well Sodded Hayland with Trench Displacement Concern Edge of Edge of Right-of-way Right-of-way Right-of-way and Temporary Workspace
Blade Width Ditch Side Stripping Work Side
Excavated Spoil
Leveled Topsoil m (minim m)
SOD . u
10 TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
Stripping Width 5.0 m (approx.) Construction Notes: 1. The blade width drawing (above) shows a typical right-of-way configuration for environmental protection, to be considered during organic materials salvage. For a more accurate Project right-of-way configuration, refer to Penn West’s construction drawings (if available) for blade width topsoil salvage. 2. Strip topsoil from blade width (5.0 m wide approximate) on well sodded hayland where spoil displacement is expected and may future hinder haying operations. 3. Multiple passes during topsoil stripping are preferred to a single pass. Strip topsoil to the depth indicted on the EAS (see Supplemental Application) to colour change whichever is deepest. 4. Shut-down topsoil stripping operations during wet ground conditions. Implement the wet ground conditions and other topsoil contingency plan, if warranted. 5. Avoid placing topsoil and spoil material in drainages (non-defined channels). Maintain cross right-of-way drainage at all times. Leave breaks at any obvious haying equipment crossing locations. 6. Place spoil on the spoil side of the right-of-way, opposite topsoil or together leaving a 1.0 m separation. 7. Backfill and compact the trench in 400 mm lifts. 8. Avoid admixing. 9. Minimize or avoid scalping the sod layer during backfilling. 10. Crown the trench to allow for subsidence. Crown height should be minimal, enough to allow for future settling. 11. Recontour the right-of-way to its preconstruction grade and drainage. 12. Replace topsoil. 13. Minimize or avoid scalping the sod layer during topsoil replacement. 14. Avoid topsoil replacement during periods of high winds, or during wet weather. 15. Seed disturbed areas with Mix 2.
Drawing-installation PENN WEST EXPLORATION procedures may be different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
TYPICAL DRAWING 6: TOPSOIL SALVAGE- BLADE WIDTH
12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Edge of Edge of Right-of-way Right-of-way and Temporary Workspace Right-of-way
Spoil side Work side
Sp ilo Pile
Stripe p d Strip ped . m
topsoil 10 tops ilo min mimu
PLOW LAYER UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
Stripping width
Construction Notes: 1. The above drawing shows a “typical” right-of-way configuration to be considered during full right-of-way topsoil stripping on cultivated land, poorly sodded bushland, hayland or seeded pasture. For a more accurate Project right- of-way configuration, refer to Penn West’s construction drawing (if available) for full right-of-way topsoil salvage. 2. Salvage topsoil from the entire right-of-way. Store topsoil on both sides of the right-of-way adjacent to the stripped area, as shown is preferred. However, storage of all salvaged topsoil on one side of the right-of-way is acceptable. 3. Topsoil stripping requires accurate depth control to ensure that subsoils and topsoil are accurately separated. Strip topsoil to the depth indicated on the EAS (see Supplemental Application) or to colour change, whichever is deepest. 4. Suspend stripping during periods of high winds or during excessively wet conditions when soils are saturated. 5. Leave a 1 m separation between topsoil and subsoil windrows. 7. Backfill and compact trench. Crown the trench to allow for settlement. Crown height should be minimal, enough to allow for future settling. 8. Avoid mixing subsoil with topsoil. 9. Rip compacted subsoils if present, prior to topsoil replacement. Disc subsoil if very lumpy prior to topsoil replacement. 10. Pick rocks and debris equivalent to the surrounding subsoil prior to topsoil replacement on agriculture lands. 11. Evenly replace topsoil during non-frozen ground conditions. 12. Suspend replacement activities during period of high wind if soil drifting begins to occur or during excessively wet conditions when soils are saturated. 13. Leave crop land to be cultivated as part of the landowner’s normal farming activities. Seed other landuses to the appropriate mix.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 7: TOPSOIL SALVAGE - FULL RIGHT-OF-WAY 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Construction Notes
1. String and weld pipe prior to topsoil salvage and trenching, if practical. 2. Conduct trench and spoil topsoil stripping (7.5 m wide approximate) on cultivated land and poorly sodded hayland during non-frozen ground conditions when the trench is excavated. 3. Use a grader for stripping topsoil Multiple passes are preferred over a single pass. Strip topsoil to the depth indicated on the EAS (see Supplemental Application) or to colour change, whichever is deepest. 4. Shut-down topsoil operations during wet ground conditions or during high wind. Implement the wet weather and soil erosion contingency plans, if warranted. 5. Place the topsoil on the edge of the spoil side of the right-of-way. 6. Maintain cross right-of-way drainage by leaving breaks in the topsoil windrow. 7. Ensure a minimum of 1 m separates the topsoil and spoil windrows. 8. Compact the trench with the grader wheel (or equivalent) and backfill using a grader. 9. Crown the trench to allow for subsidence. 10. Recontour the right-of-way to its preconstruction grade and drainage. 11. Evaluate whether the subsoil has been compacted and rip prior to topsoil replacement, if warranted. 12. Cultivate, disc or harrow subsoil after ripping and prior to topsoil replacement if subsoil is lumpy, if warranted. 13. Avoid topsoil replacement during periods of high winds or wet weather. 14. Request the farmer cultivate (cultivated land only) as part of his normal farming operation this spring, if practical. 15. Seed hayland and seeded pasture with Seed Mix 2.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 8: TOPSOIL SALVAGE - TRENCH AND SPOIL 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Land Use: Organic Areas and Dry Wetlands
Edge of Edge of Right-of-way right-of-way
Right-of-way and Temporary Workspace
cs
feasible
Organi
if
no Salvaged
Sw Spoil Organics Snow
Salvaged
ei S parat on,
MUSKEG/ORGANICS
Backslope trench walls, as required CLAY
Stripping Width 2.5 m (approx.) Construction Notes 1. The minimum disturbance drawing (above) shows a typical right-of-way configuration for environmental protection, to be considered during organic materials salvage. For a more accurate Project right-of-way configuration, refer to Penn West’s engineering construction drawings (if available) for minimum disturbance organic material salvage. 3. Conduct minimum disturbance organic material salvage 2 times the width of the trench (approximately 2.5 m, but may be much wider depending on subsurface conditions and WCB requirements for trench width) through muskeg, organics or wetland areas during frozen or dry ground conditions (see above drawing). 4. Salvage organic material when working through muskeg to a maximum depth of 40 cm. Store stripped organic material along side of the trench (or alongside of the right-of-way). Conduct organic material salvage, trenching and lowering-in activities concurrently. 5. Center the stripped area over the trench. Increase the stripping width and backslope trench walls if unstable trench is encountered due to high water table. 6. Shut-down organic salvage operations during wet or thawing ground conditions. 7. Maintain cross right-of-way drainage at all times. 8. Install swamp mats, rig mats or riprap, if warranted, on workside, during organics salvage and trenching during nonfrozen ground conditions. 9. Store stripped organics on opposite sides of the trench, if practical. Leave breaks between windrowed material, if practical. 10. Replace salvaged organics and subtly roach the trench line concurrently with backfilling. 11. Re-pack the trench by pushing spoil material as level to the adjacent ground as is feasible. 12. Leave organic areas and wetlands for natrual recovery.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 9: ORGANICS SALVAGE - MINIMAL DISTURBANCE 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Construction Notes:
1. Acquire and mark additional temporary workspace, if needed. 2. Salvage topsoil from the work, spoil, storage and trench areas of the allotted work area. 3. Do not use topsoil for ditch ramps. 4. Excavate bellhole. Store spoil on opposite side of right-of-way from topsoil or adjacent to topsoil maintaining adequate separation to avoid admixing topsoil and spoil. Salvage topsoil to a depth indicated on the EAS (see Supplemental Application) or to colour change, whichever is deepest. 5. After completion of pipe tie-ins, backfill and compact in lifts to minimize future subsiding. 6. Remove bar-ditch ramps. 7. Replace topsoil and seed the disturbed areas with an appropriate mix.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 10: ROAD AND RAIL BORE CROSSING 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV.A0 DRAWING NOT TO SCALE r Cr n o Tren ch ow St i in Reac pl ed r pp gs Diversion Berm grav l Rollback Cleae n Penip li e
Strippin sg Replaced 50.1 m Sl al B ckfil ed poi Filtr e c l oth Perforatp ed drainage pi e Peip or tun bi g bun dle
rPofile
Edge of r igh t -of-w a y (ob t ain lan d a pp roval fS or ETW ) Egde o f ri ght-of - way Suint” bdra exi “A Grave l lin e d ara e Subdn rai pip e dtc to prv e ent eo r sion Csro s ih Berm Slope
Sbraud in exi t “B ” p Grave l lin e d ara e Pi eline tope rveeo nt r sio n Pl n viewa
Construction Notes 1. Install a subdrain to improve slope and trench stability by diverting shallow ground water flow away from the pipeline. Clean gravel, wrapped in filter cloth, permits drainage and helps in backfill retention. Install a parallel drain, if warranted, lengthwise down the slope under the pipeline.
2. Install trench breaker downslope of subdrains, if drains cross the pipeline trench. This will prevent drain water from flowing down the trench line.
3. Determine the best location for the subdrain by conducting an on-site inspection with a Geotechnical Engineer considering the groundwater conditions in the trench, the soil and subsoil material, topography and drainage patterns.
4. Ensure the exit points of the subdrains drain onto a well protected area. Obtain land permission for off right-of-way installation.
5. Skew subdrain across the right-of-way at a 5 degree angle to ensure sufficient drainage.
6. Where subdrains cross a pipeline trench, install ditch plugs, cross ditches and diversion berms downslope of the drain to prevent washout.
7. The above drawing illustrates a typical subdrain. Consult with a Geotechnical Engineer for subdrain design and placement prior to installation.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 11: SUBDRAINS 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Beark in Trh enc Crown PRO ILEF rfo (not to scale) Cross itchD Cl y berma
i Rep laced stripp ngs i Final spo l ESLOP Grade Backfilled SLOPE SLOPE Pipe
OE S OPEL SL PSPLO E
Cr s dit heoscs and Dive sr oin er bms Silt Fe cne Silt Silt nFe ce Fence OPTION 1 IONOPT 2 OPTION 3 Doaiag nl br ems Diagon la be r ms H rrien gbone berms On -e ay w rfsu c floa e w Tfwo-way surface owl One-way sur aceffl ow Construction Notes 1. Install cross ditches and diversion berms where warranted along the moderate and steep slopes. 2. Angle berms across the right-of way at a gradient of 5% to 10%. Key the ends of the berms into undisturbed soil along the edges of the right-of-way. 3. Construct diversion berms of compacted native subsoils. Avoid use of organic material when constructing the diversion berms. 4. Diversion berm height and width should be approximately 1.0 m. 5. Leave a break in the trench crown immediately upslope of the diagonal berm and cross ditch to allow passage of water across the right-of-way. 6. Use diagonal berms where direction of slope and surface water movement is oblique to pipeline right-of-way. 7. Use herringbone berm and cross ditch where direction of slope and surface water movement is parallel to the right-of-way, so runoff does not cross the trench line. 8. Determine location and direction of berm based on local topography and drainage patterns. 9. Suggested diversion berm spacing is indicated as follows:
Average spacing (m) Erosion Hazard* Slope (%) High Medium Low <7; <12 30-45 45-60 60 or more 7; 12 25 38 51 8; 14 22 33 44 9; 16 19 29 38 11; 19 16 24 32 14; 25 12 18 24 18; 33 9 14 18 27; 50 6 9 12 *High = fine sand silts; medium = clays; and coarse sands; low = rock or gravel
10. Install silt fences at the downslope ends of cross ditches to prevent sedimentation and clay from escaping the right-of-way, if warranted (Drawing 2). 11. Monitor erosion control structures and repair, if warranted.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 12: CROSS DITCHES AND DIVERSION BERMS 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Right-of-Way
Bacfi k lled Edge Wnite r Edge Solpi of Sriptpe d of Right-of-way topsil o Right-of-way ClayC row n
UNDISTURBED SOD UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
Dite ch Sid Srippedt Wor k Sid e Area 1. Right-of-way configuration following winter construction where minimal disturbance topsoil stripping occurred. Crown trench to allow for subsidence during spring break-up.
Right-of-Way
Ba k lecfil d Edge Wntie r Edge oSpil of Srippedt of Right-of-way ltopsoi Right-of-way ClayC ro wn
UNDISTURBED SOD UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
DtcihSd ie Stripped Wor k Sid e Area 2. Right-of-way configuration following spring break-up. Postpone ditch line packing until soils are thawed to trench depth.
Right-of-Way
Bacfi k lled Edge Edge Winter Sopil of of Stripped Right-of-way Right-of-way ClayC row n topsoil
UNDISTURBED SOD UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
Dtcih Side Work Side Srtipe p d Aera 3. Blade spoil after compaction into pile if crown height remains excessive.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 13a: SPRING FINAL CLEAN-UP 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Right-of-Way
Srpin g Edge Backfilled Edge Sriptpe d Wntie r of Spoil of topsoil, Srippedt Right-of-way ltopsoi Right-of-way iwrf arat ne d Clay Crown
UNDISTURBED SOD UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
DtcihSd ie Stripped Wor k Sid e Area 4. If warranted, strip additional topsoil from the ditch side on hayland (not permitted on modified native prairie or bushland) wide enough to allow excess spoil to be feathered out over the stripped ditch side.
Right-of-Way
pringS Beackfill d Edge Winter Edge Strp ip ed Spoil of topsi o l, Stripped of Right-of-way topsoil Right-of-way if we arrant d Ca Cr oly wn
UNDISTURBED SOD UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
Dtcih Side Srtiped p Work Side Area 5. Feather out excess spoil material over stripped ditch side to reduce the trench crown height.
Right-of-Way
Edge Edge of of Right-of-way Right-of-way
UNDISTURBED SOD UNDISTURBED TOPSOIL UPPER SUBSOIL
LOWER SUBSOIL AND PARENT MATERIAL
Dtcih Side Srippte d Work Sdei Area 6. Replace winter topsoil pile first over entire stripped area. Next replace spring topsoil pile stripped during non-frozen ground conditions. Request that the farmer works cultivated land as part of their spring farming operations. Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 13b: SPRING FINAL CLEAN-UP 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE 15m Wide R-O-W Silt Fence Log riprap bridge Ensure the fence is set up support, if necessary in a way that inhibits sediment from entering the watercourse Top of bank
Temporary bridge (or equivalent structure) Watercourse
Curb stringers (logs or plywood) Piles, if needed wrapped in geotextile fabric
Approach Fill
Temporary Bridge
Log riprap or concrete blocks support if Piles if needed must Watercourse Curb stringers not alter the bank in lined with watercourse geotextile fabric Drawing not to scale Notes: 1. Install a Type 1 temporary bridge or equivalent (e.g., swamp or rig mats) to permit equipment and vehicles to cross the watercourse. 2. Review the stream crossing design report (separate cover document). 3. Review DFO’s MOS for Temporary Stream Crossings (Appendix D.)c A opy must be on-site during construction. A one-time ford crossing is permitted to assist with the installation of the crossing structure as long as the watercourse is no greater than 5 m from ordinary high water mark (HWM) to ordinary HWM and will not occur in areas that are known fish spawning sites. 4. Install the crossing structure at straight reaches of the watercourse, where possible. 5. Use clean material for bridge abutments such as rock, gravel, wood or steel and avoid using topsoil, strippings or clay-fill. 6. Install sedimentation control at the crossing structure abutments and over the side rails of the bridge (i.e., silt fencing [Drawing 2] and geotextile fabric. Routinely monitor, maintain, and replace during construction, when necessary. 7. Avoid or minimize the removal of bank vegetation. Only remove vegetation that is absolutely necessary for the installation of the crossing structure. Grading of the banks must not occur. If bank disturbance results during crossing structure removal, reclaim banks using native seed, willow stakes, live shrub installations or tree transplants. 8. Maintain effective sedimentation control following crossing structure removal until revegetation is achieved. Remove sedimentation control after vegetation has become established (this is usually a Company's Operations requirement).
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 14: TEMPORARY BRIDGE 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Entry Side
Drawings are Typical Only and May Not Reflect Actual Configuration
Exit Side
Drawings are Typical Only and May Not Reflect Actual Configuration
Source: Adapted from CAPP, CEPA, CGA. 2005.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 15: HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILL SET-UP 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE STAGE 1: PILOT HOLE DRILLING
STAGE 2: REAMING
STAGE 3: PULLBACK
DRAWING NOT TO SCALE OR TO Sources: Adapted from CAPP, CEPA, & CGA. 2005. CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIC CONFIGURATION
Drawing is Typical Only Notes:
1. Review DFO’s MOS for High Pressure Directional Drilling (Appendix E). 2. Set up equipment at the allocated entry and exit pad locations and at the required setback from the edge of the watercourse as recommended by the contractor. 3. Maximize an undisturbed vegetation buffer between the banks and the entry and exit locations. 4. Install suitable drilling fluid tanks or sumps to prevent contamination. 5. Conduct topsoil salvage and grading of entry and exit pads and install appropriate sedimentation control (e.g., silt fencing). 6. Initiate a HDD construction method. 7. Install berms and, if necessary, silt fencing, down slope from the drill entry and anticipated exit points to contain any release of fluid. Have a vacuum truck available to recover excess fluid during pull-back operations. 8. Complete the HDD. 9. Dispose of drilling fluid in accordance with government guidelines. 10. In the event of a drilling fluid release or frac-out, follow the Drilling Fluid Release Contingency Plan and Figure 2.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 16: HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILL 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Temporary workspace (if required) Right-of-way width Backfilled trench Trench and instream spoil pile Strippings or topsoil Hard plug
Spoil containment berm Backhoe 3.0 m 3.0 m
Left bank sng
Watercourse ehi l
Vce Cros i
Right bank 3.0 m 3.0 m Backhoe Spoil containment berm Hard plug Backfilled trench Strippings or topsoil Trench and instream spoil pile
R-O-W boundary R-O-W boundary Pipe - pre-welded, pretested, coated and weighted Notes 1. Use the open cut construction method only if the watercourse is frozen to its bed or dry. 2. Review DFO’s MOS for Isolated or Dry Open-cut Stream Crossings (Appendix D). 3. Ensure the necessary equipment and materials are on site before beginning construction. 4. Begin construction early in the day to ensure same day installation. Limit time required to be instream. 5. Leave hard plugs at the end of standard trench, if warranted. 6. Complete construction of the instream pipe section. Pre-weld the pipe segment before commencing construction. 7. Trench through watercourse, maintaining hard plugs at each bank until just before pipe installation, if warranted. 8. Salvage the bank material (where practical) separate from the trench spoil, and store in a manner so it won’t dry out or be impacted by equipment. 9. If necessary to control trench sloughing, install temporary soft plugs and dewater the trench on to well vegetated areas, surrounded by silt fencing. Ensure dirty trench water does not flow back into the watercourse. Lower-in and backfill immediately. 10. Restore the bed and banks to their preconstruction profile and seed the bank with Seed Mix 1. 11. Minimize the duration of instream construction to the extent practical. 12. Install silt fencing. 13. Complete a record of activity with photos before and after of the up-stream, down-stream, left bank and right bank. 14. Monitor bank establishment.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 17: OPEN-CUT 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Pre-construction configuration Step 3 Install crisscross layers of dormant willow stakes or live shrubs as brush layer (Plate 1). Top of bank Deposit layer of strippings Top of bank over cuttings Willow stakes or live shrubs Excavated Stream bed Stream bed bank Left bank First subsoil lift
Step 1 Step 4 Construct during periods of low water or isolate Install second lift subsoil and coconut matting. work area.
Top of bank Top of bank Second subsoil lift wrap with coconut matting Right bank Excavated Excavated Stream bed bank Stream bed bank
First subsoil lift
Step 2 Step 5 Install cobble and boulders in bed followed Repeat steps 3, 4 and 5 as necessary, until desired by the first subsoil lift wrapped with coconut height of bank is reached. Install strippings, native or straw matting. seed, coconut matting (Plate 2), ecostakes (or 2” x 2” wooden stakes) and willow stakes (Plate 3). Coconut or straw Top of bank matting wrap Willow stakes or live shrubs Top of bank Excavated Coconut matting held in Stream bed bank place with ecostakes Excavated Stream bed bank First subsoil lift (clay or gravel) Strippings (or salvaged native bank vegetation
Plate 1: Installation of brush layering Plate 2: Finished soil wraps and brush Plate 3: Complete restoration with and soil wraps. layering. willow staking.
PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 18: WATERCOURSE CROSSING - STREAM BANK RESTORATION 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Source: Adapted from CAPP, CEPA, & CGA. 2005.
Construction Notes:
1. Review DFO’s MOS for Punch and Bore Crossings (Appendix D). 2. Clearly mark the boundaries of the right-of-way and temporary workspace. 3. Maintain a vegetated buffer zone between equipment and banks. Do not grade within this zone. 4. Set up drilling equipment a minimum of 10 m from the edge of the watercourse. 5. Salvage all topsoil from the entry and exit bellholes prior to set-up. 6. Excavate bellholes. Store subsoil on opposite side of the right-of-way from the topsoil. 7. Dewater bellholes onto well vegetated areas away from the watercourse. Line pump-out locations with silt fence (Drawing 2). 8. Complete punch and tie-in pipeline. 9. Backfill and compact bellholes.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 19: WATERCOURSE CROSSING- BORE AND PUNCH 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Temporary Workspace, If Required
Standard Right-of-Way Width Topsoil Travel Side of Right-of-Way
Spoil Pile
Excavation Ramp Over Spoil Hoses Containment in Culvert Berm Ditch Hose Drainage on Pump Approved Silt Fence Vegetated Area
Vehicle Crossing Vegetation Downstream Buffer Plug Dam Bank Left bank Screened Upstream Dam Flow Instream Approved Flow Channel Pump Use support Pipe if Necessary Disruption to Prevent Erosion
Bank Plug Ditch Drainage on Pump Approved Vegetated Area
Remote Pump Excavation
Right bank Ramp Over Spare Hoses Pump in Culvert
Hose Assembled Drawing Not to Scale Pipeline Construction Notes: Section(s)
Source: Adapted from CAPP, CEPA, & CGA. 2005. 1. Review DFO’s MOS for Isolated or Dry Open-cut 9. Install spoil containment areas, if warranted, to ensure Stream Crossings (Appendix D). no spoil material flows back into the water body. 2. Ensure the necessary equipment and materials are 10. Install pipe(s). on site before beginning construction. 11. Backfill the channel first. Push silt laden water 3. Begin construction early in the day to ensure same day (if present) back into the bank excavations. installation. 12. Construct grey water pump-out locations lined with silt 4. Ensure that pumps have twice the pumping capacity fencing, if warranted. of anticipated flow. Have standby pump on site. 13. Re-contour the bed and the banks of the watercourse 5. Ensure that pumps are equipped with intake screens to their preconstruction profile and drainage. to ensure intake velocities do not entrap fish (DFO 14. Review the aquatic assessment report for bed/bank 2007). restoration requirements. If required, cap the upper 6. Install the upstream dam (and downstream dam, if trench with the salvaged bed material. If bed material warranted) composed of sandbags, steel plate, salvage was not possible, use clean gravel or cobble water inflated dam, or other approved material. Line (i.e., 50-150 mm). the upstream dam with polyethylene to ensure an 16. Complete bank restoration, if warranted. impermeable seal between the bed and banks. 17. Remove the downstream dam followed by the 7. Salvage and store bank vegetation separately from the upstream dam. spoil materials, if practical. Salvage and store the bed 18. Seed all disturbed areas with appropriate seed mix. material separately from the spoil material. Replace in 19. Install silt fencing (Drawing 2) or other sedimentation the opposite order. control, if necessary. 8. Excavate the trench in a timely manner. Minimize 20. Monitor bank establishment and remove silt fencing or the duration of instream construction. other sediment control once vegetation is established.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT DRAWING 20: WATERCOURSE CROSSING - ISOLATION, DAM AND PUMP 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE Left bank
Right bank
Construction Notes: 1. Review DFO’s MOS for Isolated or Dry Open-cut 8. Install spoil containment areas, if warranted, to ensure Stream Crossings (Appendix D). no spoil material flows back into the water body. 2. Ensure the necessary equipment and materials are on 9. Install pipe(s). site before beginning construction. 10. Backfill the channel first. Push silt laden water 3. Begin construction early in the day to ensure same day (if present) back into the bank excavations. installation. Limit time required to be instream. 11. Construct grey water pump-out locations lined with silt Schedule construction for low flow period. fencing, if warranted. 4. Salvage and store bank vegetation separately from the 12. Re-contour the bed and the banks of the watercourse spoil materials, if practical. Salvage and store the bed to their preconstruction profile and drainage. material separately from the spoil material. Replace in the opposite order. 13. Complete bank restoration. 5. Excavate the trench in a timely manner. Minimize the 14. Remove the flume. duration of instream construction. 15. Seed all disturbed areas with appropriate seed mix as soon as possible following construction. 6. Size flume to handle anticipate flows (150% of anticipated flows or 5 years flood level). 16. Install silt fencing (Drawing 2) or other sedimentation control, if necessary. 7. Stockpile all required materials prior to beginning work. Complete construction of the steam pipe section, 17. Monitor bank establishment and remove silt fencing or pretest pipe if necessary, prior to commencing in- other sediment control once vegetation is established. stream activities.
Drawing-installation procedures may be PENN WEST EXPLORATION different than shown. WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
DRAWING 21: WATERCOURSE CROSSING - ISOLATION, FLUME 12-3247-2 April 2012 I.F.R. REV. A DRAWING NOT TO SCALE EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Appendix C DFO OS Notice
Page 76 Penn West Exploration
April 11, 2012 Our File: 12-3247-04 Via Email
Fisheries and Oceans Canada 101 – 1st Avenue N.W. Dauphin, MB R7N 1G8
Attention: Tammy Wruth Fish Habitat Biologist
Dear Ms. Wruth:
Re: Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line 2012/2013 Project Proposed Stream Crossings
Penn West Exploration (Penn West) manages the Waskada pipeline which is an 87 km long sales pipeline that transports crude oil from their Waskada terminal at 12-30-001-25 WPM to the Enbridge Pipelines Inc. Cromer terminal at 13-17-009-28 WPM. The pipeline was constructed in 1984 and in 1985. Over the recent years, Penn West has conducted in-line inspections to determine the degree of internal and external corrosion within the pipe. It was determined that instead of replacing and/or repairing portions of the pipeline a new pipeline would be constructed adjacent to the existing right-of-way. The new pipeline will consist of an 8” crude oil pipeline and a 4” natural gas liquids (NGL) pipeline in the same trench. The routing and survey of the proposed pipeline is currently being conducted.
Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd. has been retained by Penn West to prepare the environmental program for the proposed pipeline. Penn West will be following all regulatory requirements of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, with construction methods falling under the Manitoba Operational Statements (MOS), and will implement the Manitoba Stream Crossing Guidelines for the Protection of Fish and Fish Habitat. An Environmental Protection Plan (EPP) will be prepared for the stream crossings and water quality monitoring will occur during HDD construction.
Fish and fish habitat assessments will be carried out in spring/summer 2012, on each stream and drainage identified from a desktop analysis. Drainages listed in the attached crossing table were identified from satellite images, and will be assessed as to their potential to contain seasonal water flow and provide fish habitat. Mitigation measures to be contained in the EPP and any concerns for construction will be determined from information gathered during the assessments.
Please find attached a notification form under the MOS for stream crossings, including a crossing table that details currently proposed crossing locations and construction method, a regional figure of the project, and figures for named streams. Fisheries and Oceans Canada Page 2
You may contact me by telephone at (403) 912-3940 ext. 229, by facsimile at (403) 948-3148 or by email at [email protected] with any questions or concerns. Thank you for your assistance with this project.
Sincerely,
RANGELAND CONSERVATION SERVICE LTD.
Greg Schatz, M.Sc. Project Manager, Fisheries and Aquatic Biologist
Attachments: Manitoba Operational Statement notification form Stream crossing table Project figure – regional location
Cc: Dave Tadros, Penn West Exploration Craig Myers, Swift Engineering Inc. Jacqueline Redburn, Rangeland Conservation Service Ltd.
Penn West Exploration
FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA OFFICES IN MANITOBA
Winnipeg Office Fisheries and Oceans Canada Freshwater Institute 501 University Crescent Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N6 Tel: (204) 983-5163 Fax: (204) 984-2402
Dauphin Office Fisheries and Oceans Canada 101-1st Avenue N.W. Dauphin, Manitoba R7N 1G8 Tel: (204) 622-4060 Fax: (204) 622-4066
Aussi disponible en français
http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/ modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_f.asp
DFO/2007-1329
©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2009 This Operational Statement (Version 3.0) may be updated as required by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. It is your responsibility to use the most recent version. Please refer to the Operational Statements web site at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_e.asp to ensure that a more recent version has not been released. Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line
Table 1 Proposed Penn West Waskada Pipeline Stream Crossings
Proposed Proposed UTM Restricted Crossing Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Coordinates Activity Number Crossing Equipment (NAD83) Timing Window Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 366848 Open cut (dry or frozen to 1 Natural drainage NW 30-1-25 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5436767 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 366915 Open cut (dry or frozen to 2 Natural drainage SW 31-1-25 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5437379 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 366896 Open cut (dry or frozen to 3 Natural drainage NW 31-1-25 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5438603 bed) feasible 14N 366908 HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry 4 Waskada Creek SW 6-2-25 WPM April 1 to June 15 Existing access 5439071 or frozen to bed Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 366715 Open cut (dry or frozen to 5 Natural drainage SE 12-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5440749 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 366592 Open cut (dry or frozen to 6 Natural drainage SE 12-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5441052 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 365948 Open cut (dry or frozen to 7 Manmade drainage SW 13-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5442436 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 364995 Open cut (dry or frozen to 8 Natural drainage NE 14-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5443659 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 365023 Open cut (dry or frozen to 9 Natural drainage SE 23-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5443947 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 365097 Open cut (dry or frozen to 10 Natural drainage SE 23-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5444069 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 365231 Open cut (dry or frozen to 11 Natural drainage NE 23-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5444713 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 364986 Open cut (dry or frozen to 12 Natural drainage NE 23-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5445204 bed) feasible
Page 1 Penn West Exploration Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line
Proposed Proposed UTM Restricted Crossing Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Coordinates Activity Number Crossing Equipment (NAD83) Timing Window Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 364621 Open cut (dry or frozen to 13 Natural drainage SE 26-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5445827 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 364291 Open cut (dry or frozen to 14 Natural drainage NW 26-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5446465 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 363910 Open cut (dry or frozen to 15 Natural drainage NW 26-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5446879 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 363675 Open cut (dry or frozen to 16 Natural drainage SE 34-2-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5447928 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 363133 Open cut (dry or frozen to 17 Natural drainage NE 2-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5449915 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 363005 Open cut (dry or frozen to 18 Natural drainage NE 2-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5450576 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 362861 19 Ditch SE 11-3-26 WPM April 1 to June 15 Open cut or HDD ice bridge or snow fill if 5450896 feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 362410 Open cut (dry or frozen to 20 Natural drainage NW 11-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5451722 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 361995 Open cut (dry or frozen to 21 Natural drainage SW 14-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5452613 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 361834 Open cut (dry or frozen to 22 Natural drainage SE 15-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5452877 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 361623 Open cut (dry or frozen to 23 Natural drainage NE 15-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5453225 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 361425 Open cut (dry or frozen to 24 Natural drainage NE 15-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5453552 bed) feasible
Page 2 Penn West Exploration Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line
Proposed Proposed UTM Restricted Crossing Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Coordinates Activity Number Crossing Equipment (NAD83) Timing Window Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 361152 Open cut (dry or frozen to 25 Natural drainage SW 22-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5454250 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 360869 Open cut (dry or frozen to 26 Natural drainage NW 22-3-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5455544 bed) feasible 14N 358893 27 Souris River oxbow SW 9-4-26 WPM April 1 to June 15 HDD Existing access 5460794 14N 358856 28 Souris River SE 8-4-26 WPM April 1 to June 15 HDD Existing access 5461353 14N 358335 29 Jackson Creek SE 17-4-26 WPM April 1 to June 15 HDD Existing access 5462890 Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 356502 Open cut (dry or frozen to 30 Ditch SW 19-4-26 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5464574 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 350774 Open cut (dry or frozen to 31 Natural drainage NE 16-5-27 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5473531 bed) feasible 14N 350567 HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry 32 Unnamed tributary to Stony Creek SE 21-5-27 WPM April 1 to June 15 Existing access 5474283 or frozen to bed 14N 350581 HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry 33 Stony Creek SE 21-5-27 WPM April 1 to June 15 Existing access 5474516 or frozen to bed Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 350279 Open cut (dry or frozen to 34 Natural drainage NE 21-5-27 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5474834 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 350021 Open cut (dry or frozen to 35 Natural drainage NW 21-5-27 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5475365 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 348760 Open cut (dry or frozen to 36 Natural drainage SW 20-6-27 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5484573 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 346360 Open cut (dry or frozen to 37 Natural drainage SE 6-7-27 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5489565 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 345975 Open cut (dry or frozen to 38 Natural drainage NE 7-7-27 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5491684 bed) feasible
Page 3 Penn West Exploration Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line
Proposed Proposed UTM Restricted Crossing Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Coordinates Activity Number Crossing Equipment (NAD83) Timing Window Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 345859 Open cut (dry or frozen to 39 Natural drainage NE 7-7-27 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5491855 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 343442 Open cut (dry or frozen to 40 Natural drainage NW 25-7-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5496580 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 343510 Open cut (dry or frozen to 41 Natural drainage NW 36-7-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5498543 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; Unnamed tributary to Pipestone 14N 343567 Open cut (dry or frozen to 42 NW 1-8-28 WPM April 1 to June 15 ice bridge or snow fill if Creek 5500316 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 343869 Open cut (dry or frozen to 43 Natural drainage SW 12-8-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5501150 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 344048 Open cut (dry or frozen to 44 Natural drainage NW 12-8-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5501595 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 344115 Open cut (dry or frozen to 45 Natural drainage NW 12-8-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5502008 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 343986 Open cut (dry or frozen to 46 Natural drainage SW 13-8-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5502334 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 343471 Open cut (dry or frozen to 47 Natural drainage NE 23-8-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5505328 bed) feasible 14N 343716 Open cut (dry or frozen to 48 Pipestone Creek oxbow/overflow SW 25-8-28 WPM April 1 to June 15 Existing access 5505732 bed) 14N 343718 49 Pipestone Creek SW 25-8-28 WPM April 1 to June 15 HDD Existing access 5505845 Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 343739 Open cut (dry or frozen to 50 Natural drainage NW 25-8-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5506554 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 343823 Open cut (dry or frozen to 51 Natural drainage SW 1-9-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5509372 bed) feasible
Page 4 Penn West Exploration Penn West Exploration Waskada Sales Line
Proposed Proposed UTM Restricted Crossing Pipeline Vehicle and Name Legal Location Coordinates Activity Number Crossing Equipment (NAD83) Timing Window Method Crossing Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 342335 Open cut (dry or frozen to 52 Natural drainage SW 11-9-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5510965 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 341757 Open cut (dry or frozen to 53 Natural drainage NE 10-9-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5511338 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 340784 Open cut (dry or frozen to 54 Natural drainage NE 10-9-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5511850 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 340064 Open cut (dry or frozen to 55 Natural drainage SW 16-9-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5512689 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 340010 HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry 56 Unnamed tributary to Oak Lake NE 28-9-28 WPM April 1 to June 15 ice bridge or snow fill if 5516845 or frozen to bed feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 340033 Open cut (dry or frozen to 57 Natural drainage SE 33-9-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5517577 bed) feasible Temporary clear span bridge; 14N 339726 Open cut (dry or frozen to 58 Natural drainage NE 33-9-28 WPM N/A ice bridge or snow fill if 5517991 bed) feasible Existing access, or temporary 14N 337931 Open cut (dry or frozen to 59 Natural drainage NW 5-10-28 WPM N/A clear span bridge; ice bridge 5520057 bed) or snow fill if feasible Existing access, or temporary 14N 337926 HDD if flowing; open-cut if dry 60 Unnamed tributary to Oak Lake SW 8-10-28 WPM April 1 to June 15 clear span bridge; ice bridge 5521024 or frozen to bed or snow fill if feasible
Page 5 Penn West Exploration Provident Facility 13-17-10-28 WPM Ü Cromer Facility 13-17-9-28 WPM
Pipestone Creek
Canupawakpa Dakota First Nation
6 Reston
Stony Creek
Jackson Creek Melita Souris River
Waskada Waskada Creek 30-1-25 WPM Battery Site LEGEND FIGURE 1 LOCATION OF THE PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION Penn West Exploration Waskada Pipeline WASKADA SALES LINE PROJECT Watercourses
Municipality
Canupawakpa Dakota First Nation
Scale: 1:450,000 Source Imagery: www.valtus.com Kilometers 12-3247 0 3.75 7.5 15 22.5 30 Survey: Altus Geomatics Ü
SE 1-2-26 WPM SW 6-2-25 WPM
Waskada Creek
NE 36-1-26 WPM NW 31-1-25 WPM Natural drainage
LEGEND FIGURE 2 WASKADA CREEK CROSSING Stream Crossing FOR PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
Pipeline right-of-way
Stream/drainage
Scale: 1:10,000
Kilometers 12-3247 Source: Valtus Imagery Services 2006 00.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Ü
NE 8-4-26 WPM NW 9-4-26 WPM
Souris River
SE 8-4-26 WPM SW 9-4-26 WPM
Souris River oxbow
LEGEND FIGURE 3 SOURIS RIVER CROSSING Stream Crossing FOR PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
Pipeline right-of-way
Stream/drainage
Scale: 1:10,000
Kilometers 12-3247 Source: Valtus Imagery Services 2006 00.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Ü
NW 17-4-26 WPM NE 17-4-26 WPM
Jackson Creek
SW 17-4-26 WPM SE 17-4-26 WPM
LEGEND FIGURE 4 JACKSON CREEK CROSSING Stream Crossing FOR PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
Pipeline right-of-way
Stream/drainage
Scale: 1:10,000
Kilometers 12-3247 Source: Valtus Imagery Services 2006 00.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Ü NW 21-5-27 WPM NE 21-5-27 WPM NW 22-5-27 WPM
Stony Creek
SW 21-5-27 WPM SE 21-5-27 WPM SW 22-5-27 WPM
Tributary to Stony Creek
LEGEND FIGURE 5 STONY CREEK CROSSING Stream Crossing FOR PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
Pipeline right-of-way
Stream/drainage
Scale: 1:10,000
Kilometers 12-3247 Source: Valtus Imagery Services 2006 00.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 NE 26-8-28 WPM NW 25-8-28 WPM Ü
Pipestone Creek
SE 26-8-28 WPM SW 25-8-28 WPM
Pipestone Creek oxbow/overflow
NE 23-8-28 WPM NW 24-8-28 WPM
LEGEND FIGURE 6 PIPESTONE CREEK CROSSING Stream Crossing FOR PROPOSED PENN WEST EXPLORATION WASKADA PIPELINE PROJECT
Pipeline right-of-way
Stream/drainage
Scale: 1:10,000
Kilometers 12-3247 Source: Valtus Imagery Services 2006 00.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Appendix D DFO Operational Statements
Page 92 Penn West Exploration
HIGH-PRESSURE DIRECTIONAL Fisheries and Oceans Canada DRILLING Manitoba Operational Statement
Version 3.0
For the purpose of this Operational Statement, the term High- high-pressure directional drill project without a DFO review when Pressure Directional Drilling (HPDD) means trenchless methods you meet the following conditions: of crossing a watercourse using pressurized mud systems. HPDD is used to install cables and pipelines for gas, • the crossing technique will not damage the stream bed and telecommunications, fibre optics, power, sewer, oil and water thereby negatively impact fish or fish habitat, lines underneath watercourses and roads. This method is • the crossing is not a wet open-cut crossing, preferable to open-cut and isolated crossings since the cable or • you have an emergency frac-out response plan and a pipeline is drilled underneath the watercourse with very little contingency crossing plan in place that outline the protocol disturbance to the bed or banks. HPDD involves drilling a pilot to monitor, contain and clean-up a potential frac-out and an bore hole underneath the watercourse towards a surface target, alternative method for carrying out the crossing, and back-reaming the bore hole to the drill rig while pulling the pipe • you incorporate the Measures to Protect Fish and Fish along through the hole. This process typically uses the Habitat when High-Pressure Directional Drilling listed below freshwater gel mud system composed of a mixture of clean, in this Operational Statement. freshwater as the base, bentonite (clay-based drilling lubricant) as the viscosifier and synthetic polymers. If you cannot meet all of the conditions listed above and cannot incorporate all of the measures listed below then your project The general order of preference for carrying out a cable or may result in a violation of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act pipeline stream crossing in order to protect fish and fish habitat and you could be subject to enforcement action. In this case, is: a) a punch or bore crossing (see Punch & Bore Crossings you should contact the DFO office in your area if you wish to Operational Statement), b) HPDD crossing, c) dry open-cut obtain DFO’s opinion on the possible options you should crossing, and d) isolated open-cut crossing (see Isolated or Dry consider to avoid contravention of the Fisheries Act. Open-cut Stream Crossings Operational Statement). This order must be balanced with practical considerations at the site. You are required to respect all municipal, provincial or federal legislation that applies to the work being carried One of the risks associated with HPDD is the escape of drilling out in relation to this Operational Statement. The activities mud into the environment as a result of a spill, tunnel collapse or undertaken in this Operational Statement must also comply the rupture of mud to the surface, commonly known as with the Species at Risk Act (www.sararegistry.gc.ca). If you have “frac-out”. A frac-out is caused when excessive drilling pressure questions regarding this Operational Statement, please contact the results in drilling mud propagating toward the surface. The risk DFO office in your area (see Manitoba DFO office list). of a frac-out can be reduced through proper geotechnical assessment practices and drill planning and execution. The We ask that you notify DFO, preferably 10 working days before extent of a frac-out can be limited by careful monitoring and starting your work by filling out and sending the Manitoba having appropriate equipment and response plans ready in the Operational Statement notification form (www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ event that one occurs. HPDD can also result in excessive regions/central/habitat/os-eo/prov-terr/index_e.htm) to the disturbance of riparian vegetation and sedimentation and erosion DFO office in your area. This information is requested in order to due to operation of equipment on the shoreline or fording to evaluate the effectiveness of the work carried out in relation to access the opposite bank. this Operational Statement.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) is responsible for protecting fish and fish habitat across Canada. Under the Fisheries Act no Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat one may carry out a work or undertaking that will cause the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (HADD) of fish when High-Pressure Directional Drilling habitat unless it has been authorized by DFO. By following the 1. Use existing trails, roads or cut lines wherever possible, as conditions and measures set out below you will be in compliance access routes to avoid disturbance to the riparian with subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act. vegetation. The purpose of this Operational Statement is to describe the 2. Design the drill path to an appropriate depth below the conditions under which it is applicable to your project and the watercourse to minimize the risk of frac-out and to a depth measures to incorporate into your project in order to avoid negative impacts to fish habitat. You may proceed with your to prevent the line from becoming exposed due to natural 6.1. Dispose of excess drilling mud, cuttings and other scouring of the stream bed. The drill entry and exit points are waste materials at an adequately sized disposal far enough from the banks of the watercourse to have minimal facility located away from the water to prevent it impact on these areas. from entering the watercourse.
3. While this Operational Statement does not cover the 7. Monitor the watercourse to observe signs of surface clearing of riparian vegetation, the removal of select migration (frac-out) of drilling mud during all phases of plants may be necessary to access the construction site. construction. This removal should be kept to a minimum and within the road or utility right-of-way. Emergency Frac-out Response and Contingency Planning
4. Machinery fording the watercourse to bring equipment 8. Keep all material and equipment needed to contain and required for construction to the opposite side is limited to clean up drilling mud releases on site and readily a one-time event (over and back) and should occur only if accessible in the event of a frac-out. an existing crossing at another location is not available or practical to use. A Temporary Stream Crossing 9. Implement the frac-out response plan that includes Operational Statement is also available. measures to stop work, contain the drilling mud and prevent its further migration into the watercourse and 4.1. If minor rutting is likely to occur, stream bank and notify all applicable authorities, including the closest DFO bed protection methods (e.g., swamp mats, pads) office in the area (see Manitoba DFO office list). Prioritize should be used provided they do not constrict clean up activities relative to the risk of potential harm flows or block fish passage. and dispose of the drilling mud in a manner that prevents 4.2. Grading of the stream banks for the approaches re-entry into the watercourse. should not occur. 4.3. If the stream bed and banks are steep and highly 10. Ensure clean up measures do not result in greater damage erodible (e.g., dominated by organic materials and to the banks and watercourse than from leaving the drilling silts) and erosion and degradation are likely to mud in place. occur as a result of equipment fording, then a temporary crossing structure or other practice 11. Implement the contingency crossing plan including should be used to protect these areas. measures to either re-drill at a more appropriate location or 4.4. Time the one-time fording to prevent disruption to to isolate the watercourse to complete the crossing at the sensitive fish life stages by adhering to appropriate current location. See Isolated or Dry Open-cut Stream fisheries timing windows (see the Manitoba In-Water Crossings Operational Statement for carrying out an Construction Timing Windows). isolated trenched crossing. 4.5. Fording should occur under low flow conditions and not when flows are elevated due to local rain events 12. Stabilize any waste materials removed from the work site to or seasonal flooding. prevent them from entering the watercourse. This could include covering spoil piles with biodegradable mats or tarps 5. Operate machinery on land above the ordinary high water or planting them with preferably native grass or shrubs. mark (see definition below) and in a manner that minimizes disturbance to the banks of the watercourse. 13. Vegetate any disturbed areas by planting and seeding preferably with native trees, shrubs or grasses and cover 5.1. Machinery is to arrive on site in a clean condition such areas with mulch to prevent erosion and to help and is to be maintained free of fluid leaks. seeds germinate. If there is insufficient time remaining in 5.2. Wash, refuel and service machinery and store fuel the growing season, the site should be stabilized (e.g., and other materials for the machinery away from cover exposed areas with erosion control blankets to keep the water to prevent any deleterious substance from the soil in place and prevent erosion) and vegetated the entering the water. following spring. 5.3. Keep an emergency spill kit on site in case of fluid leaks or spills from machinery. 13.1. Maintain effective sediment and erosion control 5.4. Restore banks to original condition if any measures until re-vegetation of disturbed areas is disturbance occurs. achieved.
6. Construct a dugout/settling basin at the drilling exit site to contain drilling mud to prevent sediment and other deleterious substances from entering the watercourse. If this cannot be achieved, use silt fences or other effective sediment and erosion control measures to prevent drilling mud from entering the watercourse. Inspect these measures regularly during the course of construction and make all necessary repairs if any damage occurs. FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA OFFICES IN MANITOBA Definition: Winnipeg Office Ordinary high water mark – The usual or average level to which Fisheries and Oceans Canada a body of water rises at its highest point and remains for Freshwater Institute sufficient time so as to change the characteristics of the land. In 501 University Crescent flowing waters (rivers, streams) this refers to the “active channel/ Winnipeg, Manitoba bank-full level” which is often the 1:2 year flood flow return level. R3T 2N6 In inland lakes, wetlands or marine environments it refers to Tel: (204) 983-5163 those parts of the water body bed and banks that are frequently Fax: (204) 984-2402 flooded by water so as to leave a mark on the land and where the natural vegetation changes from predominately aquatic Dauphin Office vegetation to terrestrial vegetation (excepting water tolerant Fisheries and Oceans Canada species). For reservoirs this refers to normal high operating 101-1st Avenue N.W. levels (Full Supply Level). Dauphin, Manitoba R7N 1G8 Tel: (204) 622-4060 Fax: (204) 622-4066
Aussi disponible en français
http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/ modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_f.asp
DFO/2007-1329
©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2007 This Operational Statement (Version 3.0) may be updated as required by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. It is your responsibility to use the most recent version. Please refer to the Operational Statements web site at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_e.asp to ensure that a more recent version has not been released. ISOLATED OR DRY OPEN-CUT Fisheries and Oceans Canada STREAM CROSSINGS Manitoba Operational Statement
Version 1.0
For the purpose of this Operational Statement, the term “Isolated water mark to ordinary high water mark (HWM) (see Crossing” means a temporary stream crossing technique that definition below), allows work (e.g., trenched pipeline or cable installation) to be • the isolated crossing does not involve the construction or use carried out “in-the-dry” while diverting the natural flow around of an off-stream diversion channel, or the use of earthen dams, the site during construction. These types of open trenched • the isolated crossing ensures that all natural upstream flows crossings are isolated using flume or dam and pump techniques are conveyed downstream during construction, with no (see Pipeline Associated Watercrossings, 2005 at change in quality or quantity, http://www.capp.ca/default.asp?V_DOC_ID=763&PubID=96717). • the site does not occur at a stream location involving known The term “Dry Open-cut Stream Crossing” means a temporary fish spawning habitat, particularly if it is dependent on stream crossing work (e.g., trenched pipeline or cable groundwater upwelling, installation) that is carried out during a period when the entire • the use of explosives is not required to complete the stream width is seasonally dry or is frozen to the bottom. crossing, and • you incorporate the Measures to Protect Fish and Fish The risks to fish and fish habitat associated with isolated open Habitat when Carrying Out an Isolated or Dry Open-cut cut stream crossings include the potential for direct damage to Stream Crossing listed below. substrates, release of excessive sediments, loss of riparian habitat, stranding of fish in dewatered areas, impingement/ If you cannot meet all of the conditions listed above and cannot entrainment of fish at pump intakes, and disruption of essential incorporate all of the measures listed below then your project fish movement patterns. Similarly, dry open-cut stream may result in a violation of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act crossings pose a risk to fish and fish habitat due to potential and you could be subject to enforcement action. In this case, harmful alteration of substrates, loss of riparian habitat, and you should contact the DFO office in your area if you wish to release of excessive sediment once stream flows resume. obtain DFO’s opinion on the possible options you should consider to avoid contravention of the Fisheries Act. The order of preference for carrying out a cable or pipeline stream crossing, in order to protect fish and fish habitat, is: a) You are required to respect all municipal, provincial and punch or bore crossing (see Punch & Bore Crossings Operational federal legislation that applies to the work being carried out Statement); b) high-pressure directional drill crossing (see High- in relation to this Operational Statement. The activities Pressure Directional Drilling Operational Statement); c) dry open- undertaken in this Operational Statement must also comply with cut crossing; and d) isolated open-cut crossing. This order must the Species at Risk Act (SARA) (www.sararegistry.gc.ca). If you be balanced with practical considerations at the site. have questions regarding this Operational Statement, please contact the DFO office in your area (see Manitoba DFO office list). Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) is responsible for protecting fish and fish habitat across Canada. Under the Fisheries Act no We ask that you notify DFO, preferably 10 working days before one may carry out a work or undertaking that will cause the starting your work, by filling out and sending the Manitoba harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (HADD) of fish Operational Statement notification form (www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ habitat unless it has been authorized by DFO. By following the regions/central/habitat/os-eo/prov-terr/index_e.htm) to the conditions and measures set out below you will be in compliance DFO office in your area. This information is requested in order to with subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act. evaluate the effectiveness of the work carried out in relation to this Operational Statement. The purpose of this Operational Statement is to describe the conditions under which it is applicable to your project and the measures to incorporate into your project in order to avoid negative impacts to fish habitat. You may proceed with your Measures to Protect Fish and isolated or dry open-cut stream crossing project without a DFO Fish Habitat when Carrying Out an Isolated review when you meet the following conditions: or Dry Open-Cut Stream Crossing
• for dry, open-cut crossings the watercourse is dry or frozen 1. Use existing trails, roads or cut lines wherever possible as completely to the bottom at the site, access routes to avoid disturbance to the riparian vegetation. • for isolated crossings, the channel width of the watercourse at the crossing site is less than 5 meters from ordinary high 2. Locate crossings at straight sections of the stream, 9. Stabilize any waste materials removed from the work site, perpendicular to the banks, whenever possible. Avoid above the HWM, to prevent them from entering the crossing on meander bends, braided streams, alluvial fans, watercourse. This could include covering spoil piles with active floodplains or any other area that is inherently unstable biodegradable mats or tarps or planting them with grass and may result in the erosion and scouring of the stream bed. or shrubs.
3. Complete the crossing in a manner that minimizes the 10. Vegetate any disturbed areas by planting and seeding duration of instream work. preferably with native trees, shrubs or grasses and cover such areas with mulch to prevent soil erosion and to help 4. Construction should be avoided during unusually wet, rainy seeds germinate. If there is insufficient time remaining in or winter thaw conditions. the growing season, the site should be stabilized (e.g., cover exposed areas with erosion control blankets to keep 5. While this Operational Statement does not cover the the soil in place and prevent erosion) and vegetated the clearing of riparian vegetation, the removal of select plants following spring. may be necessary to access the construction site. This removal should be kept to a minimum and within the utility 10.1. Maintain effective sediment and erosion control right-of-way. measures until re-vegetation of disturbed areas is achieved. 6. Machinery fording a flowing watercourse to bring equipment required for construction to the opposite side is Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat limited to a one-time event (over and back) and is to occur when Carrying Out an Isolated Crossing only if an existing crossing at another location is not available or practical to use. Operational Statements are Temporary isolation is used to allow work “in-the-dry” while also available for Ice Bridges and Snow Fills, Clear-Span maintaining the natural downstream flow by installing dams up Bridges, and Temporary Stream Crossing. and downstream of the site and conveying all of the natural upstream flow into a flume, or pumping it around the isolated area. 6.1. If minor rutting is likely to occur, stream bank and In addition to measures 1 to 10, the following measures should be bed protection methods (e.g., swamp mats, pads) carried out when conducting an isolated stream crossing: should be used provided they do not constrict flows or block fish passage. 11. Time isolated crossings to protect sensitive fish life stages 6.2. Grading of the stream banks for the approaches by adhering to fisheries timing windows (see Measure 6.4). should not occur. 6.3. If the stream bed and banks are steep and highly 12. Use dams made of non-earthen material, such as water- erodible (e.g., dominated by organic materials and inflated portable dams, pea gravel bags, concrete blocks, silts) and erosion and degradation is likely to occur steel or wood wall, clean rock, sheet pile or other as a result of equipment fording, then a temporary appropriate designs, to separate the dewatered work site crossing structure or other practice should be used from flowing water. to protect these areas. 6.4. Time the one-time fording to prevent disruption to 12.1. If granular material is used to build dams, use sensitive fish life stages by adhering to appropriate clean or washed material that is adequately sized fisheries timing windows (see the Manitoba In-Water (i.e., moderately sized rock and not sand or gravel) Construction Timing Windows). to withstand anticipated flows during the construction. 6.5. Fording should occur under low flow conditions and If necessary, line the outside face of dams with heavy not when flows are elevated due to local rain events poly-plastic to make them impermeable to water. or seasonal flooding. Material to build these dams should not be taken from below the HWM of any water body. 7. Operate machinery in a manner that minimizes disturbance 12.2. Design dams to accommodate any expected high to the watercourse bed and banks. flows of the watercourse during the construction period. 7.1. Protect entrances at machinery access points (e.g., using swamp mats) and establish single site 13. Before dewatering, rescue any fish from within the isolated entry and exit. area and return them safely immediately downstream of the 7.2. Machinery is to arrive on site in a clean condition worksite. and is to be maintained free of fluid leaks. 7.3. Wash, refuel and service machinery and store fuel 13.1. You will require a permit from DFO to relocate any and other materials for the machinery away from the aquatic species that are listed as either endangered water to prevent deleterious substances from or threatened under SARA. Please contact the entering the water. DFO office in your area to determine if an aquatic 7.4. Keep an emergency spill kit on site in case of fluid species at risk is in the vicinity of your project and, leaks or spills from machinery. if appropriate, use the DFO website at www.dfo-mpo. gc.ca/species-especes/permits/sarapermits_e.asp 8. Install effective sediment and erosion control measures before to apply for a permit. starting work to prevent entry of sediment into the watercourse. Inspect them regularly during the course of construction and make all necessary repairs if any damage occurs. 14. Pump sediment laden dewatering discharge into a adequately protected from erosion and re-vegetated, vegetated area or settling basin, and prevent sediment and preferably with native species. other deleterious substances from entering any water body. Definition: 15. Remove accumulated sediment and excess spoil from the isolated area before removing dams. Ordinary high water mark (HWM) - The usual or average level to which a body of water rises at its highest point and remains 16. Stabilize the streambed and restore the original channel for sufficient time so as to change the characteristics of the shape, bottom gradient and substrate to pre-construction land. In flowing waters (rivers, streams) this refers to the “active condition before removing dams. channel/bank-full level” which is often the 1:2 year flood flow return level. In inland lakes, wetlands or marine environments it 17. Ensure banks are stabilized, restored to original shape, refers to those parts of the water body bed and banks that are adequately protected from erosion and re-vegetated, frequently flooded by water so as to leave a mark on the land preferably with native species. and where the natural vegetation changes from predominately aquatic vegetation to terrestrial vegetation (excepting water 18. If rock is used to stabilize banks, it should be clean, free of tolerant species). For reservoirs this refers to normal high fine materials, and of sufficient size to resist displacement operating levels (Full Supply Level). during peak flood events. The rock should be placed at the original stream bank grade to ensure there is no infilling or narrowing of the watercourse.
19. Gradually remove the downstream dam first, to equalize water levels inside and outside of the isolated area and to allow suspended sediments to settle.
20. During the final removal of dams, restore the original channel shape, bottom gradient and substrate at these locations.
21. Pumped Diversions Pumped diversions are used to divert water around the isolated area to maintain natural downstream flows and prevent upstream ponding.
21.1. Ensure intakes are operated in a manner that prevents streambed disturbance and fish mortality. Guidelines to determine the appropriate mesh size for intake screens may be obtained from DFO (e.g., Freshwater Intake End-of-Pipe Fish Screen Guideline (1995), available at www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ Library/223669.pdf). 21.2. Ensure the pumping system is sized to accommodate any expected high flows of the watercourse during the construction period. Pumps should be monitored at all times, and back-up pumps should be readily available on-site in case of pump failure. 21.3. Protect pump discharge area(s) to prevent erosion FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA OFFICES IN MANITOBA and the release of suspended sediments downstream, and remove this material when the Winnipeg Office Dauphin Office works have been completed. Fisheries and Oceans Canada Fisheries and Oceans Canada Freshwater Institute 101-1st Avenue N.W. Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat when 501 University Crescent Dauphin, Manitoba Carrying Out a Dry Open-Cut Stream Crossing Winnipeg, Manitoba R7N 1G8 R3T 2N6 Tel: (204) 622-4060 Tel: (204) 983-5163 Fax: (204) 622-4066 In addition to measures 1 to 10, the following measures should Fax: (204) 984-2402 be carried out when conducting a dry open-cut stream crossing: Aussi disponible en français 22. Stabilize the streambed and restore the original channel shape, bottom gradient and substrate to pre-construction http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/ condition. modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_f.asp 23. Ensure banks are stabilized, restored to original shape, DFO/2007-1329
©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2008
This Operational Statement (Version 1.0) may be updated as required by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. It is your responsibility to use the most recent version. Please refer to the Operational Statements web site at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_e.asp to ensure that a more recent version has not been released. PUNCH & BORE CROSSINGS Fisheries and Oceans Canada Manitoba Operational Statement
Version 3.0 For the purpose of this Operational Statement, the term punch and • the crossing technique will not damage the stream bed or bore refers to a trenchless crossing method which involves the bank and thereby negatively impact fish or fish habitat, excavation of a vertical bell hole or shallow depression on either • the site does not occur at a stream location involving known side of the watercourse. Horizontal punching or boring between fish spawning habitat, particularly if it is dependent on the two points, at an appropriate depth below the watercourse, groundwater upwelling, and completes the creation of a passage-way for the crossing. Punch • you incorporate the Measures to Protect Fish and Fish and bore crossings allow cables and pipelines to be installed Habitat when Conducting Punch and Bore Crossings, listed under watercourses without imparting any disturbance to the bed below. and banks. Punch and bore crossings differ from high-pressure directional drilled crossings, in that no pressurized mud systems If you cannot meet all of the conditions listed above and cannot are required, thereby avoiding the risk of sediment release due to incorporate all of the measures listed below then your project frac-out. may result in a violation of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act and you could be subject to enforcement action. In this case, Punch and bore crossings can negatively impact fish and fish you should contact the DFO office in your area if you wish to habitat due to erosion and sedimentation from site disturbance obtain DFO’s opinion on the possible options you should and dewatering of bell holes or the collapse of the punch or bore consider to avoid contravention of the Fisheries Act. hole under the stream. Disturbing riparian vegetation can reduce important shoreline cover, shade and food production areas. You are required to respect all municipal, provincial or Machinery fording the stream can disturb bottom and bank federal legislation that applies to the work being carried out substrates, disrupt sensitive fish life stages, and introduce in relation to this Operational Statement. The activities deleterious substances if equipment is not properly maintained. undertaken in this Operational Statement must also comply with Impacts can be reduced if an emergency response plan and the Species at Risk Act (www.sararegistry.gc.ca). If you have clean-up materials are in place. questions regarding this Operational Statement, please contact the DFO office in your area (see Manitoba DFO office list). The general order of preference for carrying out a cable or pipeline stream crossing in order to protect fish and fish habitat is: a) a We ask that you notify DFO, preferably 10 working days before punch or bore crossing, b) high-pressure directional drill crossing starting your work by filling out and sending the Manitoba (see High-Pressure Directional Drilling Operational Statement), c) Operational Statement notification form (www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ dry open-cut crossing, and d) isolated open-cut crossing (see regions/central/habitat/os-eo/prov-terr/index_e.htm) to the Isolated or Dry Open-cut Stream Crossings Operational DFO office in your area. This information is requested in order to Statement). This order must be balanced with practical evaluate the effectiveness of the work carried out in relation to considerations at the site. this Operational Statement.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) is responsible for protecting fish and fish habitat across Canada. Under the Fisheries Act no Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat one may carry out a work or undertaking that will cause the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (HADD) of fish habitat when Conducting Punch and Bore Crossings unless it has been authorized by DFO. By following the conditions 1. and measures set out below you will be in compliance with A punch or bore crossing can be conducted at any time of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act. the year provided there is not a high risk of failure and it does not require in-water activities such as machinery fording. The purpose of this Operational Statement is to describe the conditions under which it is applicable to your project and the 2. Design the punch or bore path for an appropriate depth below measures to be incorporated into your project in order to avoid the watercourse to prevent the pipeline or cable from negative impacts to fish habitat. You may proceed with your becoming exposed due to natural scouring of the stream bed. punch or bore crossing project without a DFO review when you meet the following conditions: 3. While this Operational Statement does not cover the clearing of riparian vegetation, the removal of select plants may be • the crossing is not a wet open-cut crossing, necessary to access the construction site and to 7.2. Stabilize any waste materials removed from the work excavate the bell holes. This removal is to be kept to a site (including bell holes) to prevent them from minimum and within the utility right-of-way. entering the watercourse. This could include covering spoil piles with biodegradable mats or 4. Install effective sediment and erosion control measures tarps or planting them with grass or shrubs. before starting work to prevent entry of sediment into the 7.3. After suitably backfilling and packing the bell holes, water body. Inspect them regularly during the course of vegetate any disturbed areas (see Measure 11). construction and make all necessary repairs if any damage occurs. 8. Monitor the watercourse to observe signs of malfunction during all phases of the work. 5. Machinery fording the watercourse to bring equipment required for construction to the opposite side is limited to a 9. For the duration of the work, keep on-site and readily one-time event (over and back) and should occur only if an accessible, all material and equipment needed to contain existing crossing at another location is not available or and clean-up releases of sediment-laden water and other practical to use. A Temporary Stream Crossing Operational deleterious substances. Statement is also available. 10. Develop a response plan that is to be implemented 5.1. If minor rutting is likely to occur, stream bank and immediately in the event of a sediment release or spill of a bed protection methods (e.g., swamp mats, pads) deleterious substance. This plan is to include measures to: should be used provided they do not constrict flows a) stop work, contain sediment-laden water and other or block fish passage. deleterious substances and prevent their further migration 5.2. Grading of the stream banks for the approaches into the watercourse; b) notify all applicable authorities in should not occur. the area, including the closest DFO office; c) promptly 5.3. If the stream bed and banks are steep and highly clean-up and appropriately dispose of the sediment-laden erodible (e.g., dominated by organic materials and water and deleterious substances; and d) ensure clean-up silts) and erosion and degradation are likely to occur measures are suitably applied so as not to result in further as a result of equipment fording, then a temporary alteration of the bed and/or banks of the watercourse. crossing structure or other practice should be used to protect these areas. 11. Vegetate any disturbed areas by planting and seeding 5.4. Time the one-time fording to prevent disruption to preferably with native trees, shrubs or grasses and cover sensitive fish life stages by adhering to appropriate such areas with mulch to prevent erosion and to help fisheries timing windows (see the Manitoba In-Water seeds germinate. If there is insufficient time remaining in Construction Timing Windows). the growing season, the site should be stabilized (e.g., 5.5. Fording should occur under low flow conditions and cover exposed areas with erosion control blankets to keep not when flows are elevated due to local rain events the soil in place and prevent erosion) and vegetated the or seasonal flooding. following spring.
6. Operate machinery on land above the ordinary high water 11.1. Maintain effective sediment and erosion control mark (HWM) (see definition below) and in a manner that measures until re-vegetation of disturbed areas is minimizes disturbance to the banks of the watercourse. achieved.
6.1. Machinery is to arrive on-site in a clean condition and is to be maintained free of fluid leaks. 6.2. Wash, refuel and service machinery and store fuel and other materials for the machinery away from the water to prevent any deleterious substance from entering the water. 6.3. Keep an emergency spill kit on site in case of fluid leaks or spills from machinery.
7. Excavate bell holes beyond the HWM, far enough away from any watercourse to allow containment of any sediment or deleterious substances above the HWM.
7.1. When dewatering bell holes, remove suspended solids by diverting water into a vegetated area or settling basin, and prevent sediment and other deleterious substances from entering the watercourse. FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA OFFICES IN MANITOBA Definition: Winnipeg Office Ordinary high water mark (HWM) – The usual or average level Fisheries and Oceans Canada to which a body of water rises at its highest point and remains Freshwater Institute for sufficient time so as to change the characteristics of the 501 University Crescent land. In flowing waters (rivers, streams) this refers to the “active Winnipeg, Manitoba channel/bank-full level” which is often the 1:2 year flood flow R3T 2N6 return level. In inland lakes, wetlands or marine environments it Tel: (204) 983-5163 refers to those parts of the water body bed and banks that are Fax: (204) 984-2402 frequently flooded by water so as to leave a mark on the land and where the natural vegetation changes from predominately Dauphin Office aquatic vegetation to terrestrial vegetation (excepting water Fisheries and Oceans Canada tolerant species). For reservoirs this refers to normal high 101-1st Avenue N.W. operating levels (Full Supply Level). Dauphin, Manitoba R7N 1G8 Tel: (204) 622-4060 Fax: (204) 622-4066
Aussi disponible en français
http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/ modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_f.asp
DFO/2007-1329
©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2007 This Operational Statement (Version 3.0) may be updated as required by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. It is your responsibility to use the most recent version. Please refer to the Operational Statements web site at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_e.asp to ensure that a more recent version has not been released. PUNCH & BORE CROSSINGS Fisheries and Oceans Canada Manitoba Operational Statement
Version 3.0 For the purpose of this Operational Statement, the term punch and • the crossing technique will not damage the stream bed or bore refers to a trenchless crossing method which involves the bank and thereby negatively impact fish or fish habitat, excavation of a vertical bell hole or shallow depression on either • the site does not occur at a stream location involving known side of the watercourse. Horizontal punching or boring between fish spawning habitat, particularly if it is dependent on the two points, at an appropriate depth below the watercourse, groundwater upwelling, and completes the creation of a passage-way for the crossing. Punch • you incorporate the Measures to Protect Fish and Fish and bore crossings allow cables and pipelines to be installed Habitat when Conducting Punch and Bore Crossings, listed under watercourses without imparting any disturbance to the bed below. and banks. Punch and bore crossings differ from high-pressure directional drilled crossings, in that no pressurized mud systems If you cannot meet all of the conditions listed above and cannot are required, thereby avoiding the risk of sediment release due to incorporate all of the measures listed below then your project frac-out. may result in a violation of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act and you could be subject to enforcement action. In this case, Punch and bore crossings can negatively impact fish and fish you should contact the DFO office in your area if you wish to habitat due to erosion and sedimentation from site disturbance obtain DFO’s opinion on the possible options you should and dewatering of bell holes or the collapse of the punch or bore consider to avoid contravention of the Fisheries Act. hole under the stream. Disturbing riparian vegetation can reduce important shoreline cover, shade and food production areas. You are required to respect all municipal, provincial or Machinery fording the stream can disturb bottom and bank federal legislation that applies to the work being carried out substrates, disrupt sensitive fish life stages, and introduce in relation to this Operational Statement. The activities deleterious substances if equipment is not properly maintained. undertaken in this Operational Statement must also comply with Impacts can be reduced if an emergency response plan and the Species at Risk Act (www.sararegistry.gc.ca). If you have clean-up materials are in place. questions regarding this Operational Statement, please contact the DFO office in your area (see Manitoba DFO office list). The general order of preference for carrying out a cable or pipeline stream crossing in order to protect fish and fish habitat is: a) a We ask that you notify DFO, preferably 10 working days before punch or bore crossing, b) high-pressure directional drill crossing starting your work by filling out and sending the Manitoba (see High-Pressure Directional Drilling Operational Statement), c) Operational Statement notification form (www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ dry open-cut crossing, and d) isolated open-cut crossing (see regions/central/habitat/os-eo/prov-terr/index_e.htm) to the Isolated or Dry Open-cut Stream Crossings Operational DFO office in your area. This information is requested in order to Statement). This order must be balanced with practical evaluate the effectiveness of the work carried out in relation to considerations at the site. this Operational Statement.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) is responsible for protecting fish and fish habitat across Canada. Under the Fisheries Act no Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat one may carry out a work or undertaking that will cause the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (HADD) of fish habitat when Conducting Punch and Bore Crossings unless it has been authorized by DFO. By following the conditions 1. and measures set out below you will be in compliance with A punch or bore crossing can be conducted at any time of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act. the year provided there is not a high risk of failure and it does not require in-water activities such as machinery fording. The purpose of this Operational Statement is to describe the conditions under which it is applicable to your project and the 2. Design the punch or bore path for an appropriate depth below measures to be incorporated into your project in order to avoid the watercourse to prevent the pipeline or cable from negative impacts to fish habitat. You may proceed with your becoming exposed due to natural scouring of the stream bed. punch or bore crossing project without a DFO review when you meet the following conditions: 3. While this Operational Statement does not cover the clearing of riparian vegetation, the removal of select plants may be • the crossing is not a wet open-cut crossing, necessary to access the construction site and to 7.2. Stabilize any waste materials removed from the work excavate the bell holes. This removal is to be kept to a site (including bell holes) to prevent them from minimum and within the utility right-of-way. entering the watercourse. This could include covering spoil piles with biodegradable mats or 4. Install effective sediment and erosion control measures tarps or planting them with grass or shrubs. before starting work to prevent entry of sediment into the 7.3. After suitably backfilling and packing the bell holes, water body. Inspect them regularly during the course of vegetate any disturbed areas (see Measure 11). construction and make all necessary repairs if any damage occurs. 8. Monitor the watercourse to observe signs of malfunction during all phases of the work. 5. Machinery fording the watercourse to bring equipment required for construction to the opposite side is limited to a 9. For the duration of the work, keep on-site and readily one-time event (over and back) and should occur only if an accessible, all material and equipment needed to contain existing crossing at another location is not available or and clean-up releases of sediment-laden water and other practical to use. A Temporary Stream Crossing Operational deleterious substances. Statement is also available. 10. Develop a response plan that is to be implemented 5.1. If minor rutting is likely to occur, stream bank and immediately in the event of a sediment release or spill of a bed protection methods (e.g., swamp mats, pads) deleterious substance. This plan is to include measures to: should be used provided they do not constrict flows a) stop work, contain sediment-laden water and other or block fish passage. deleterious substances and prevent their further migration 5.2. Grading of the stream banks for the approaches into the watercourse; b) notify all applicable authorities in should not occur. the area, including the closest DFO office; c) promptly 5.3. If the stream bed and banks are steep and highly clean-up and appropriately dispose of the sediment-laden erodible (e.g., dominated by organic materials and water and deleterious substances; and d) ensure clean-up silts) and erosion and degradation are likely to occur measures are suitably applied so as not to result in further as a result of equipment fording, then a temporary alteration of the bed and/or banks of the watercourse. crossing structure or other practice should be used to protect these areas. 11. Vegetate any disturbed areas by planting and seeding 5.4. Time the one-time fording to prevent disruption to preferably with native trees, shrubs or grasses and cover sensitive fish life stages by adhering to appropriate such areas with mulch to prevent erosion and to help fisheries timing windows (see the Manitoba In-Water seeds germinate. If there is insufficient time remaining in Construction Timing Windows). the growing season, the site should be stabilized (e.g., 5.5. Fording should occur under low flow conditions and cover exposed areas with erosion control blankets to keep not when flows are elevated due to local rain events the soil in place and prevent erosion) and vegetated the or seasonal flooding. following spring.
6. Operate machinery on land above the ordinary high water 11.1. Maintain effective sediment and erosion control mark (HWM) (see definition below) and in a manner that measures until re-vegetation of disturbed areas is minimizes disturbance to the banks of the watercourse. achieved.
6.1. Machinery is to arrive on-site in a clean condition and is to be maintained free of fluid leaks. 6.2. Wash, refuel and service machinery and store fuel and other materials for the machinery away from the water to prevent any deleterious substance from entering the water. 6.3. Keep an emergency spill kit on site in case of fluid leaks or spills from machinery.
7. Excavate bell holes beyond the HWM, far enough away from any watercourse to allow containment of any sediment or deleterious substances above the HWM.
7.1. When dewatering bell holes, remove suspended solids by diverting water into a vegetated area or settling basin, and prevent sediment and other deleterious substances from entering the watercourse. FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA OFFICES IN MANITOBA Definition: Winnipeg Office Ordinary high water mark (HWM) – The usual or average level Fisheries and Oceans Canada to which a body of water rises at its highest point and remains Freshwater Institute for sufficient time so as to change the characteristics of the 501 University Crescent land. In flowing waters (rivers, streams) this refers to the “active Winnipeg, Manitoba channel/bank-full level” which is often the 1:2 year flood flow R3T 2N6 return level. In inland lakes, wetlands or marine environments it Tel: (204) 983-5163 refers to those parts of the water body bed and banks that are Fax: (204) 984-2402 frequently flooded by water so as to leave a mark on the land and where the natural vegetation changes from predominately Dauphin Office aquatic vegetation to terrestrial vegetation (excepting water Fisheries and Oceans Canada tolerant species). For reservoirs this refers to normal high 101-1st Avenue N.W. operating levels (Full Supply Level). Dauphin, Manitoba R7N 1G8 Tel: (204) 622-4060 Fax: (204) 622-4066
Aussi disponible en français
http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/ modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_f.asp
DFO/2007-1329
©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2007 This Operational Statement (Version 3.0) may be updated as required by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. It is your responsibility to use the most recent version. Please refer to the Operational Statements web site at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_e.asp to ensure that a more recent version has not been released. TEMPORARY STREAM Fisheries and Oceans Canada CROSSING Manitoba Operational Statement
Version 1.0
A temporary stream crossing consists of i) a one-time ford in • fording involves a one time event (over and back) and will flowing waters, ii) a seasonally dry streambed ford, or iii) a not occur in areas that are known fish spawning sites, temporary bridge (e.g., Bailey bridge or log stringer bridge). • the crossing will not result in erosion and sedimentation of Temporary stream crossings are employed for short term access the stream, or alteration (e.g., compaction or rutting) of the across a watercourse by construction vehicles when an existing bed and bank substrates, crossing is not available or practical to use. They are not intended • the crossing does not involve installation of a temporary for prolonged use (e.g., forest or mining haul roads). The use of culvert, and temporary bridges or dry fording is preferred over fording in • you incorporate the Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat flowing waters due to the reduced risk of damaging the bed and when Carrying Out a Temporary Stream Crossing listed below. banks of the watercourse and downstream sedimentation caused by vehicles. Separate Operational Statements are available for Ice If you cannot meet all of the conditions listed above and cannot Bridges and Snow Fills used for temporary access during the incorporate all of the measures listed below then your project winter and for non-temporary Clear Span Bridges. may result in a violation of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act and you could be subject to enforcement action. In this case, The risks to fish and fish habitat associated with temporary you should contact the DFO office in your area if you wish to stream crossings include the potential for direct harm to stream obtain DFO’s opinion on the possible options you should banks and beds, release of excessive sediments and other consider to avoid contravention of the Fisheries Act. deleterious substances (e.g., fuel, oil leaks), loss of riparian habitat and disruption to sensitive fish life stages. You are required to respect all municipal, provincial and federal legislation that applies to the work being carried out Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) is responsible for protecting in relation to this Operational Statement. The activities fish and fish habitat across Canada. Under the Fisheries Act no undertaken in this Operational Statement must also comply with one may carry out a work or undertaking that will cause the the Species at Risk Act (SARA) (www.sararegistry.gc.ca). If you harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (HADD) of fish have questions regarding this Operational Statement, please habitat unless it has been authorized by DFO. By following the contact the DFO office in your area (see Manitoba DFO office list). conditions and measures set out below you will be in compliance with subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act. We ask that you notify DFO, preferably 10 working days before starting your work, by filling out and sending the Manitoba The purpose of this Operational Statement is to describe the Operational Statement notification form (www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ conditions under which it is applicable to your project and the regions/central/habitat/os-eo/prov-terr/index_e.htm) to the measures to incorporate into your project in order to avoid DFO office in your area. This information is requested in order to negative impacts to fish habitat. You may proceed with your evaluate the effectiveness of the work carried out in relation to temporary stream crossing project without a DFO review when this Operational Statement. you meet the following conditions:
• the bridge is no greater than one lane in width, and no part of its structure is placed within the wetted portion of the stream, Measures to Protect Fish and • the work does not include realigning the watercourse, Fish Habitat when Carrying Out a • for fording in flowing waters and temporary bridges, the Temporary Stream Crossing channel width at the crossing site is no greater than 5 metres from ordinary high water mark to ordinary high water mark 1. Use existing trails, roads or cut lines wherever possible, (HWM) (see definition below), as access routes to avoid disturbance to the riparian • disturbance to riparian vegetation is minimized, vegetation. • the work does not involve dredging, infilling, grading or excavating the bed or bank of the watercourse, 2. Locate crossings at straight sections of the stream, • all crossing materials will be removed prior to the spring perpendicular to the bank, whenever possible. Avoid freshet, or immediately following project completion if this crossing on meander bends, braided streams, alluvial occurs earlier, fans, or any other area that is inherently unstable and may 8. Operate machinery in a manner that minimizes disturbance result in the erosion and scouring of the stream bed. to the watercourse bed and banks.
3. While this Operational Statement does not cover the 8.1. Protect entrances at machinery access points clearing of riparian vegetation, the removal of select plants (e.g., using swamp mats) and establish single site may be necessary to access the construction site. This entry and exit. removal should be kept to a minimum and within the road 8.2. Machinery is to arrive on site in a clean condition or utility right-of-way. When practicable, prune or top the and is to be maintained free of fluid leaks. vegetation instead of uprooting. 8.3. Wash, refuel and service machinery and store fuel and other materials for the machinery away from 4. Generally, there are no restrictions on timing for the the water to prevent deleterious substances from construction of bridge structures or fording seasonally dry entering the water. streambeds, as they do not involve in-water work. 8.4. Keep an emergency spill kit on site in case of fluid However, if there are any activities with the potential to leaks or spills from machinery. disrupt sensitive fish life stages (e.g., fording of the watercourse by machinery) these should adhere to 9. Stabilize any waste materials removed from the work site, appropriate fisheries timing widows (see the Manitoba In- above the HWM, to prevent them from entering any Water Construction Timing Windows). watercourse. This could include covering spoil piles with biodegradable mats or tarps or planting them with 5. Machinery fording a flowing watercourse to bring preferably native grass or shrubs. equipment required for construction to the opposite side is limited to a one-time event (over and back) and is to occur 10. Vegetate any disturbed areas by planting and seeding only if an existing crossing at another location is not preferably with native trees, shrubs or grasses and cover available or practical to use. such areas with mulch to prevent soil erosion and to help seeds germinate. If there is insufficient time remaining in 5.1. If minor rutting is likely to occur, stream bank and the growing season, the site should be stabilized (e.g., bed protection methods (e.g., swamp mats, pads) cover exposed areas with erosion control blankets to keep should be used, provided they do not constrict the soil in place and prevent erosion) and vegetated the flows or block fish passage. following spring. 5.2. Grading of the stream banks for the approaches should not occur. 10.1. Maintain effective sediment and erosion control 5.3. If the stream bed and banks are steep and highly measures until re-vegetation of disturbed areas erodible (e.g., dominated by organic materials and is achieved. silts) and erosion and degradation are likely to occur as a result of equipment fording, then a temporary Definition: bridge should be used in order to protect these areas. Ordinary high water mark (HWM) - The usual or average level 5.4. The one-time fording should adhere to fisheries to which a body of water rises at its highest point and remains timing windows (see Measure 4). for sufficient time so as to change the characteristics of the 5.5. Fording should occur under low flow conditions, land. In flowing waters (rivers, streams) this refers to the “active and not when flows are elevated due to local rain channel/bank-full level” which is often the 1:2 year flood flow events or seasonal flooding. return level. In inland lakes, wetlands or marine environments it refers to those parts of the water body bed and banks that are 6. Install effective sediment and erosion control measures frequently flooded by water so as to leave a mark on the land before starting work to prevent the entry of sediment into and where the natural vegetation changes from predominately the watercourse. Inspect them regularly during the aquatic vegetation to terrestrial vegetation (excepting water course of construction and make all necessary repairs if tolerant species). For reservoirs this refers to normal high any damage occurs. operating levels (Full Supply Level).
7. For temporary bridges also employ the following measures:
7.1. Use only clean materials (e.g., rock or coarse gravel fill, wood, or steel) for approaches to the bridge (i.e., not sand, clay or organic soil) and install in a manner that avoids erosion and sedimentation. 7.2. Design temporary bridges to accommodate any expected high flows of the watercourse during the construction period. 7.3. Restore the bank and substrate to pre-construction condition. 7.4. Completely remove all materials used in the construction of the temporary bridge from the watercourse following the equipment crossing, and stabilize and re-vegetate the banks. FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA OFFICES IN MANITOBA
Winnipeg Office Fisheries and Oceans Canada Freshwater Institute 501 University Crescent Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N6 Tel: (204) 983-5163 Fax: (204) 984-2402
Dauphin Office Fisheries and Oceans Canada 101-1st Avenue N.W. Dauphin, Manitoba R7N 1G8 Tel: (204) 622-4060 Fax: (204) 622-4066
Aussi disponible en français
http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/ modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_f.asp
DFO/2007-1329
©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2008
This Operational Statement (Version 1.0) may be updated as required by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. It is your responsibility to use the most recent version. Please refer to the Operational Statements web site at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_e.asp to ensure that a more recent version has not been released. ICE BRIDGES AND SNOW FILLS Fisheries and Oceans Canada Manitoba Operational Statement
Version 3.0
Ice bridges and snow fills are two methods used for temporary • water flow is maintained under the ice, where this naturally winter access in remote areas. Ice bridges are constructed on occurs, and larger watercourses that have sufficient stream flow and water • you incorporate the Measures to Protect Fish and Fish depth to prevent the ice bridge from coming into contact with Habitat when Constructing an Ice Bridge or Snow Fill listed the stream bed or restricting water movement beneath the ice. below in this Operational Statement. Snow fills, however, are temporary stream crossings constructed by filling a stream channel with clean compacted snow. If you cannot meet all of the conditions listed above and cannot incorporate all of the measures listed below then your project Ice bridge and snow fill crossings provide cost-effective access to may result in the violation of subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act remote areas when lakes, rivers and streams are frozen. Since the and you could be subject to enforcement action. In this case, ground is frozen, ice bridges and snow fills can be built with you should contact the DFO office in your area if you wish to minimal disturbance to the bed and banks of the watercourse. obtain DFO’s opinion on the possible options you should However, these crossings can still have negative effects on fish consider to avoid contravention of the Fisheries Act. and fish habitat. Clearing shoreline and bank vegetation increases the potential for erosion and instability of the banks and can lead You are required to respect all municipal, provincial or to deposition of sediments into fish habitat. There is also potential federal legislation that applies to the work being carried out for blockage of fish passage during spring break-up. in relation to this Operational Statement. The activities undertaken in this Operational Statement must also comply with Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) is responsible for protecting the Species at Risk Act (www.sararegistry.gc.ca). If you have fish and fish habitat across Canada. Under the Fisheries Act no questions regarding this Operational Statement, please contact one may carry out a work or undertaking that will cause the the DFO office in your area (see Manitoba DFO office list). harmful alteration, disruption or destruction (HADD) of fish habitat unless it has been authorized by DFO. By following the We ask that you notify DFO, preferably 10 working days before conditions and measures set out below you will be in compliance starting your work by filling out and sending the Manitoba with subsection 35(1) of the Fisheries Act. Operational Statement notification form (www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/ regions/central/habitat/os-eo/prov-terr/index_e.htm) to the The purpose of this Operational Statement is to describe the DFO office in your area. This information is requested in order to conditions under which it is applicable to your project and the evaluate the effectiveness of the work carried out in relation to measures to incorporate into your project in order to avoid this Operational Statement. negative impacts to fish habitat. You may proceed with your ice bridge or snow fill project without a DFO review when you meet the following conditions: Measures to Protect Fish and Fish Habitat • ice bridges are constructed of clean (ambient) water, ice and when Constructing an Ice Bridge or Snow Fill snow, • snow fills are constructed of clean snow, which will not 1. Use existing trails, winter roads or cut lines wherever restrict water flow at any time, possible as access routes to limit unnecessary clearing of • the work does not include realigning the watercourse, additional vegetation and prevent soil compaction. dredging, placing fill, or grading or excavating the bed or bank of the watercourse, 2. Construct approaches and crossings perpendicular to the • materials such as gravel, rock and loose woody material are watercourse wherever possible. NOT used, • where logs are required for use in stabilizing shoreline 3. Construct ice bridge and snow fill approaches using clean, approaches, they are clean and securely bound together, compacted snow and ice to a sufficient depth to protect and they are removed either before or immediately following the banks of the lake, river or stream. Clean logs may be the spring freshet, used where necessary to stabilize approaches. • the withdrawal of any water will not exceed 10% of the instantaneous flow, in order to maintain existing fish habitat, 4. Where logs are used to stabilize the approaches of an ice 12. Vegetate and stabilize (e.g., cover exposed areas with bridge or snow fill: erosion control blankets or tarps to keep the soil in place and prevent erosion) any disturbed areas by planting and 4.1. The logs are clean and securely bound together so seeding preferably with native trees, shrubs or grasses. they can be easily removed. Cover such areas with mulch to prevent erosion and to help 4.2. No logs or woody debris are to be left within the seeds germinate. water body or on the banks or shoreline where they can wash back into the water body. 12.1. Maintain effective sediment and erosion control measures until re-vegetation of disturbed areas is 5. While this Operational Statement does not cover the clearing achieved. of riparian vegetation, the removal of select plants may be necessary to accommodate the road. This removal should be kept to a minimum and within the road right-of-way. FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA OFFICES IN MANITOBA 6. Install sediment and erosion control measures before starting work to prevent the entry of sediment into the Winnipeg Office watercourse. Inspect them regularly during the course of Fisheries and Oceans Canada construction and decommissioning activities and make all Freshwater Institute necessary repairs if any damage occurs. 501 University Crescent Winnipeg, Manitoba 7. Operate machinery on land or on ice and in a manner that R3T 2N6 minimizes disturbance to the banks of the lake, river or Tel: (204) 983-5163 stream. Fax: (204) 984-2402 7.1. Machinery is to arrive on site in a clean condition Dauphin Office and is to be maintained free of fluid leaks. Fisheries and Oceans Canada 7.2. Wash, refuel and service machinery and store fuel 101-1st Avenue N.W. and other materials for the machinery away from the Dauphin, Manitoba water to prevent any deleterious substance from R7N 1G8 entering the water or spreading onto the ice surface. Tel: (204) 622-4060 7.3. Keep an emergency spill kit on site in case of fluid Fax: (204) 622-4066 leaks or spills from machinery. 7.4. Restore banks to original condition if any disturbance occurs. Aussi disponible en français 8. If water is being pumped from a lake or river to build up http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing- the bridge, the intakes are sized and adequately screened to moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_f.asp prevent debris blockage and fish mortality (refer to DFO’s Freshwater Intake End-of-Pipe Fish Screen Guideline (1995) available at www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/ 223669.pdf).
9. Crossings do not impede water flow at any time of the year.
10. When the crossing season is over and where it is safe to do so, create a v-notch in the centre of the ice bridge to allow it to melt from the centre and also to prevent blocking fish passage, channel erosion and flooding. Compacted snow should be removed from snow fills prior to the spring freshet.
11. Stabilize any waste materials removed from the work site to prevent them from entering the lake, river, or stream. This could include covering spoil piles with biodegradable mats or tarps or planting them with grass or shrubs.
DFO/2007-1329
©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2007 This Operational Statement (Version 3.0) may be updated as required by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. It is your responsibility to use the most recent version. Please refer to the Operational Statements web site at http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans-habitat/habitat/modernizing-moderniser/epmp-pmpe/index_e.asp to ensure that a more recent version has not been released. EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Appendix E Manitoba Historic Resources Branch Memorandum (Pending)
Page 110 Penn West Exploration
EPP for the Penn West Waskada Pipeline Project
Appendix F Supplemental Application (Pending)
Page 111 Penn West Exploration