DOCSLIB.ORG

Microwave Absorber

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Microwave Absorber Microwave Absorber About ETS-Lindgren Selection Guide ETS-Lindgren is an international manufacturer of components and systems to measure, shield, and control electromagnetic and acoustic energy. The company’s products are used for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), microwave and wireless testing, electromagnetic field (EMF) measurement, radio frequency (RF) personal safety monitoring, and control of acoustic environments. Our product line ranges from simple bench-top diagnostic tools to fully integrated turnkey facilities. With a heritage that includes the famous Rantec brand of microwave absorber, ETS-Lindgren has been serving RF and microwave engineers for more than a quarter century. As part of ESCO Technologies Corporation, we have the financial strength to meet our commitments, both today and tomorrow. A leading supplier of engineered products for growing industrial and commercial markets, ESCO is a New York Stock Exchange listed company (symbol ESE) with headquarters in St. Louis, Missouri. USA UK Finland 1301 Arrow Point Drive Boulton Road Mekaanikontie 1 Cedar Park, Texas 78613 Pin Green Industrial Area FIN-27510, Eura +1.512.531.6400 Phone Stevenage Herts, SG1 4TH +358.2.8383.300 Phone +1.512.531.6500 Fax +44.(0)1438.730700 Phone +358.2.8651.233 Fax [email protected] +44.(0)1438.730751 Fax [email protected] [email protected] France Japan China Centre D’Affaires Paris Nord 4-2-6, Kohinata, Bunkyo-ku 1917-1918 Xue Zhixuan Building Batiment Ampere Tokyo, 112-0006 No. 16 Xue Qing Road 93153 Le Blanc Mesnil +81.3.3813.7100 Phone Haidian District +33.1.48.65.34.03 Phone +81.3.3813.8068 Fax Beijing P.R.C 100083 +33.1.48.65.43.69 Fax [email protected] +8610.8275.5086 Phone [email protected] +8610.8275.5503 Fax [email protected] RANTEC MICROWAVE ABSORBER RANTEC MICROWAVE ABSORBER www.ets-lindgren.com 5/03 2 k W © 2003 ETS-Lindgren. REV B Information presented is subject to change as product enhancements are made. Contact the ETS-Lindgren Sales Department for current specifications. Why ETS-Lindgren Should be your Choice for Microwave Absorber absorber can be ordered on request). This premium two-step process uniformly distributes both agents and permanently bonds the carbon throughout the Superior Design Capability foam. The benefit is an absorber that does not release With a wide range of products, our standard microwave carbon particles which can absorbers will fit most needs. However, some applications have contaminate delicate electronic special requirements that can only be met with a custom product. equipment in the chamber. In fact, That’s where ETS-Lindgren excels. Instead of “cut-and-try” our absorbers can be used in clean experimentation, our engineer- room environments requiring a ing staff uses powerful worksta- Class 100,000 rating. tions running advanced After impregnation, the foam is numerical modeling programs shaped using computer-controlled to develop the right solution. saws maintaining tolerances of Next, prototypes are made and ±3 mm (.25 in). Cutting the dried the design is tested. Results foam into its final shape after the become part of a valuable impregnation process avoids feedback loop for refining our shrinkage and warping. The benefit designs further. is absorbers that install with uniform geometric alignment, reducing We also work with universities backscattering, and improving measurement accuracy. having strong electromag- Extensive Testing netic RF Consistent Performance programs to 100% of our microwave absorbers are tested for reflectivity develop new performance. The Naval Research Lab (NRL) broadband swept- absorber frequency arch measurement method is used for testing at Contact us for information about our other products. technology. 750 MHz - 6 GHz, and 6 GHz - 18 GHz. (Testing at higher For example, frequencies can be performed on request.) A coaxial reflectometer a number of is used to test at frequencies between 30 MHz - 500 MHz, collabora- according to IEEE Standard 1128. The test procedures are tions with automated and test data is archived electronically and in Ohio State University resulted in the development of high hardcopy format, for immediate or future retrieval and analysis. performance 153 cm (60 in) curvilinear pyramidal absorber for NASA. Subsequently, ETS-Lindgren developed several varieties of curvilinear absorber for defense related applications. Not everyone needs a custom solution like NASA, but if you do, we have the in-house resources to satisfy your requirements. Unique Two-Step Manufacturing Our computer controlled manufacturing process begins with homogeneous blocks of polyurethane foam. The blocks are impregnated with proprietary solution of lossy agents and dried in large ovens. Next, the blocks are impregnated a second time with fire retardant salts and dried again. (Non fire retardant Edwards Airforce Base, California Large Capacity Our 8,639 m2 (93,000 ft2) manufacturing facility in Durant, Oklahoma is the world’s largest, capable of producing over 24,777 m3 (10.5 million board feet) of absorber per year. Capacity like this has allowed us to supply absorber for some Production sample testing assures standards are met. of the biggest chambers ever constructed including: • Naval Air Warfare Center in Patuxent River, Maryland, Flammability Advanced System Integration Laboratory (ASIL), dimensions ETS-Lindgren’s Rantec Brand CL combustion limiting polyure- of 55 m x 55 m, x 18 m (180 ft x 180 ft x 60 ft), lined with thane absorber sets the standard for material fire retardancy. We 12,263.2 m2 (132,000 ft2) of Rantec microwave absorber. meet the following U.S. Government and commercial flammability • Edwards Air Force Base in California, electronic warfare specifications, as verified by an independent testing laboratory: and counter measure test facility, dimensions of 80 m x 76 m • NRL Report 8093 (Tests 1, 2, and 3) x 21 m (265 ft x 250 ft x 70 ft), lined with over 18,952 m2 • MIT Lincoln Laboratory Specification MS-8-21 (204,000 ft2) of RF absorber material, built in 1989 (Tests I, II, and III) • Raytheon Drawing No. 2693066 (latest revision) Commitment to Service • UL 94-5VA and UL 94-5VB Whether you need just a few pieces of absorber or a complete • UL 94 HBF turnkey chamber, we have the experience and resources to • DIN 4102 Class B-2 help you with the right solution. We can be reached by phone, fax, e-mail, the Internet, or through our worldwide network of Strict Quality Control independent ETS-Lindgren representatives. All ETS-Lindgren microwave absorber products are manufac- tured in accordance with established quality control and assur- ance standards. Each piece of absorber is serialized, providing traceability throughout the manufacturing process. Logbooks are also maintained for the impregnation process, solids test results, fire test results, Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) test results, receiving inspection test results, and final inspection test results. Rantec Microwave and Electronics, California Absorber Installations From Top to Bottom: CTIA Authorized Test Laboratory, ETS-Lindgren, Cedar Park, TX; Raytheon, Goleta, CA; Rantec Microwave and Electronics, Calabasas, CA; Naval Air Warfare Center, Patuxent River, MD. Contents Microwave Pyramidal Absorber 4 Flat Laminate Absorber 10 Filter Foam Absorber 10 Walkway Absorber 11 EMC-24PCL 12 High Power Absorber 14 Microwave Curvilinear Absorber 17 How to Order 21 Miter Cuts 22 Lossy Foam Corner Treatments 23 The Manufacturing Process 24 The Testing Process 26 Other Specialty Absorber Products (request separate data sheets) Outdoor Vinyl covered Microwave Absorber Convolute Microwave Absorber EMC Absorber FerroSorbTM Ferrite Panels www.ets-lindgren.com Corporate offices: USA +1.512.531.6400 and Finland +358.2.8383.300 Company locations in the USA, UK, Finland, France, Japan, and China Representatives and Distributors worldwide. We have made every attempt to assure that the information in this catalog is current and correct. Please note however that products, description, specifications, and terms of sale, may change, be discontinued, or withdrawn. Contact our Sales Department for the latest information. This catalog supersedes all previous representations of products, descriptions, specifications, and terms of sale in previous literature. Copyright 2003. Printed in the United States of America 5/03 2K W Rev. B Microwave Pyramidal Absorber ETS-Lindgren EHP pyramidal absorber is an ultra broadband microwave absorber recommended for areas where energy is at normal incidence. Generally, pyramidal absorber is preferred for specular treatment on chamber back walls, side walls, floors, and ceilings Features Applications • Numerically Optimized Design • Telecom/Wireless • Automotive • 200 V/m Power Handling Capability • Satellite • Military • Fire Retardant • High-Speed Electronics Maximum Reflections at Normal Incidence MODEL L-BAND S-BAND C-BAND X-BAND KU-BAND K-BAND NUMBER 80 MHz 120 MHz 200 MHz 300 MHz 500 MHz 1-2 GHz 2-4 GHz 4-8 GHz 8-12 GHz 12-18 GHz 18-40 GHz EHP-3PCL -30 dB -40 dB -45 dB -45 dB EHP-5PCL -30 dB -40 dB -45 dB -50 dB -50 dB EHP-8PCL -30 dB -40 dB -45 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB EHP-12 PCL -35 dB -40 dB -45 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB EHP-18 PCL -30 dB -40 dB -45 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB EHP-24PCL -20 dB -30 dB -35 dB -40 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB EHP-36 PCL -11 dB -13 dB -25 dB -30 dB -40 dB -45 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB EHP-48 PCL -15 dB -20 dB -30 dB -35 dB -40 dB -45 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB -50 dB EHP-72 PCL -20
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Antenna Gain Measurement Using Image Theory
    i ANTENNA GAIN MEASUREMENT USING IMAGE THEORY SANDRAWARMAN A/L BALASUNDRAM A project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree Master of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia JANUARY 2014 v ABSTRACT This report presents the measurement result of a passive horn antenna gain by only using metallic reflector and vector network analyzer, according to image theory. This method is an alternative way to conventional methods such as the three antennas method and the two antennas method. The gain values are calculated using a simple formula using the distance between the antenna and reflector, operating frequency, S- parameter and speed of light. The antenna is directed towards an absorber and then directed towards the reflector to obtain the S11 parameter using the vector network analyzer. The experiments are performed in three locations which are in the shielding room, anechoic chamber and open space with distances of 0.5m, 1m, 2m, 3m and 4m. The results calculated are compared and analyzed with the manufacture’s data. The calculated data have the best similarities with the manufacturer data at distance of 0.5m for the anechoic chamber with correlation coefficient of 0.93 and at a distance of 1m for the shield room and open space with correlation coefficient of 0.79 and 0.77 but distort at distances of 2m, 3m and 4m at all of the three places. This proves that the single antenna method using image theory needs less space, time and cost to perform it.
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Implementation Aspects of a Small Anechoic Room And
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
    [Show full text]
  • Measurements of Wireless Devices in Reverberation Chambers
    Measurements of Wireless Devices in Reverberation Chambers Kate A. Remley IEEE EMC Society Distinguished Lecturer Group Leader, NIST Metrology for Wireless Systems Publication of the United States government, not subject to copyright in the U.S. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Mission: Advance technological innovation and excellence for the benefit of humanity IEEE Geographical Operations center @ Technical Corporate office @ 17th floor, organizational Piscataway, New Jersey 3 Park Avenue in New York City units focus A dual complementary Region regional & 1-10 technical Societies structure Sections Chapters The Founding of IEEE 1884 1912 1963 AIEE and IRE merged to become AIEE IRE American Institute Institute of Radio the Institute of Electrical and of Electrical Engineers Engineers Electronics Engineers, or IEEE. Thomas Edison, Pioneers of wireless Alexander Graham Bell, technologies and other notables and electronics founded the founded the American Institute of Institute of Radio Electrical Engineers. Engineers. IEEE Today at a Glance Our Global Reach 421,000+ 39 160 Members Technical Societies Countries Member Senior Member IEEE Fellow Our Technical Breadth 1,600 3,900,000+ 170+ Annual Conferences Technical Documents Top-cited Periodicals IEEE EMC Society IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Society: the world's largest organization dedicated to the development and distribution of information, tools, and techniques for reducing electromagnetic interference. The society's field of interest: standards, measurement
    [Show full text]
  • (Gps) Adjacent Band Compatibility Assessment
    UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) ADJACENT BAND COMPATIBILITY ASSESSMENT FINAL REPORT APRIL 2018 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The goal of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Global Positioning System (GPS) Adjacent Band Compatibility Assessment is to evaluate the maximum transmitted power levels of adjacent band radiofrequency (RF) systems that can be tolerated by GPS and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. The results of this effort advance the Department’s understanding of the extent to which such adjacent band transmitters impact GPS/GNSS devices used for transportation safety purposes, among numerous other civil applications. The assessment described in this report addresses transmitters in bands adjacent to the 1559-1610 MHz radionavigation satellite service (RNSS) band used for GPS Link 1 (L1) signals that are centered at 1575.42 MHz. The assessment includes two primary components: • One component, led by the DOT Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology (OST-R), focused on all civilian GPS devices and their applications, apart from certified aviation. Through this component of the Study, categories of receivers were evaluated that included aviation (non-certified), cellular, general location/navigation, high precision, timing, and space-based receivers. An element of this effort was to determine equipment susceptibility to adjacent band interference to support analyses for deriving compatible power levels. • The other component, led by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), focused on certified GPS avionics, and was conducted by analysis to determine the adjacent band power levels that conform to existing certified GPS aviation equipment standards. The DOT GPS Adjacent Band Study is the product of an extensive process to gather stakeholder views and input.
    [Show full text]
  • Design of a Fully Anechoic Chamber
    Design of a Fully Anechoic Chamber Roman Rusz Master’s Degree Project TRITA-AVE 2015:36 ISSN 1651-7660 iii iv Preface This Thesis is the final project within the Master of Science program Mechanical Engineering with specialization in Sound and Vibration at the Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory for Sound and Vibration Research (MWL) at the department of Aeronautical and Vehicle Engineering at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. This Thesis was conducted at Honeywell, in partnership with Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic under the supervision of Ing. Václav Prajzner. Supervisor at KTH Royal Institute of Technology was Professor Leping Feng, Ph.D. v Acknowledgment To begin with, I would like to thank Ing. Michal Weisz, Ph.D., the main acoustician of the Acoustic department at Technical University of Ostrava. He was an excellent support during the project. I would like to thank him for sharing his experiences and knowledge in acoustics. I would also like to thank my supervisor Leping Feng, Ph.D. for his guidance in this project and for sharing his deep knowledge for the topic and all the teachers and professors at KTH Royal Institute of Technology for their support and assistance. I would like to give special thanks to: my beloved family. I thank you for your strong support during my studies at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. my dear friend Jakub Cinkraut for being such an amazing friend. I thank you for the countless hours we spent together in Sweden, Finland and Czech Republic. I would not enjoy my studies without you.
    [Show full text]
  • P11342: Table Top Shielded Antenna Anechoic Chamber for Bluetooth Applications
    P11342: Table Top Shielded Antenna Anechoic Chamber for Bluetooth Applications 2010-2 / 2010-3 Daniel Pulito (EE) Jason Blackman (EE) Customer/Sponsor Mark Hinman, KODAK Mission Statement To design, construct and calibrate a table top shielded anechoic chamber that will minimize reflections of the source antenna, Project Guide shield the test antenna from spurious electromagnetic radiation George Slack and be capable of making automated measurements of the antenna gain and radiation pattern in the frequency range 1 GHz to 3 GHz. Faculty Advisor Dr. Jayanti Venkataraman For additional information, visit https://edge.rit.edu/content/P11342/public/Home Background With the increase in wireless technology at frequencies in the low gigahertz region, the assessment of an antenna’s design and performance has become very challenging. Creating a noise free environment allows accurate measurements to be taken. Ansoft LLC Return Loss PlanarEM1_1_2 ANSOFT 0.00 Curve Info dB(S(1,1)) Setup_1 : Sw eep_1 -5.00 -10.00 -15.00 -20.00 dB(S(1,1)) -25.00 -30.00 -35.00 -40.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 Freq [GHz] Design of Broadband Antenna In order to increase the versatility of the chamber and allow it to operate at a wide range of frequencies, a broadband antenna was designed. A Patch Antenna with A return loss of -15 dB from2 to 5 GHz was Designed Details about the Chamber The chamber is made of 1/16” thick aluminum and has dimensions 37” by 27” with a height of 9”.
    [Show full text]
  • Reverberation Chambers À La Carte: an Overview of the Different Mode
    Reverberation Chambers à la carte: An overview of the different mode-stirring techniques Ramiro Serra, Andy Marvin, Franco Moglie, Walter Mariani Primiani, Andrea Cozza, Luk Arnaut, Yi Huang, Mike Hatfield, Marco Klingler, Frank Leferink To cite this version: Ramiro Serra, Andy Marvin, Franco Moglie, Walter Mariani Primiani, Andrea Cozza, et al.. Rever- beration Chambers à la carte: An overview of the different mode-stirring techniques. Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine, IEEE, 2017, 6 (1), pp.63-78. 10.1109/MEMC.2017.7931986. hal-01440203 HAL Id: hal-01440203 https://hal-centralesupelec.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01440203 Submitted on 26 Jan 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Reverberation Chambers à la carte: An overview of the different mode-stirring techniques R. Serra, A. C. Marvin, F. Moglie, V. Mariani Primiani, A. Cozza, L. R. Arnaut, Y. Huang, M. O. Hatfield, M. Klingler, F. Leferink. Introduction Reverberation chambers (RC), a name inspired in room acoustics, are also known in literature as reverberating, reverb, mode-stirred or mode-tuned chambers. In their basic form, they consist of a shielded metallic enclosure, forming a cavity resonator, together with some mode-stirring mechanism.
    [Show full text]
  • MIMO OTA in a Small Anechoic Chamber NSF EARS Meeting October 8-9, 2013
    MIMO OTA in a Small Anechoic Chamber NSF EARS Meeting October 8-9, 2013 NSF ID: 1217558 Dr. Nicholas Kirsch, University of New Hampshire [email protected] Fanny Mlinarsky, octoScope [email protected] 2 Motivation • NSF Enhancing Access to the Radio Spectrum (EARS) " ! Wireless system tests, measurements, and validation •!Next generation wireless standards use multiple antenna systems to increase connectivity and spectral efficiency. •!Certification of next generation devices is an expensive and time consuming process. www.octoscope.com 3 MIMO OTA Test Methods •! MIMO OTA test metrics are being standardized by 3GPP [1] and CTIA [5] •! Large anechoic chamber " ! DUT is surround by multiple antennas inside the chamber " ! Multi-cluster 2D measurements on a plane •! Small anechoic chamber " ! Single cluster 3-D measurements indicating DUT’s MIMO performance vs. orientation " ! 2-Stage method whereby antennas are measured in the chamber and then modeled using a traditional conducted fader •! Reverberation chamber " ! Uniform isotropic (3D) propagation is achieved via reflections from metal walls and mechanical stirrers " ! An external channel emulator is used to provide power delay profiles, Doppler and multipath fading www.octoscope.com 4 Comparison of MIMO-OTA Methods Full sized anechoic Reverberation chamber Single cluster anechoic •! Provides 2D performance •! Less expensive and •! Provides 3D information with 360° multi- smaller than full sized performance cluster propagation anechoic chamber information •! Requires a lot of space
    [Show full text]
  • Minilab I 6Ghz
    MiniLAB I 6 GHz OTA LITTLE BIG LAB Affordable Shieled Wireless Test System for IoT Testing Little in size, BIG in performance Passive & RSE Capabilities! With Internet of Things the connected society is becoming a reality. A world where everything that bene- fits from being connected will be connected. Internet moves beyond Smartphones and into a wide range of new markets and devices, impac- ting all industries. Wearables, connected homes, connected cities, healthcare and industrial sectors all benefit from the services enabled by wireless connectivity. The affordable price point, ease of use and compact size enables companies tar- geting these new markets and products to benefit from MiniLAB I 6 GHz OTA for testing and optimizing wireless performance.” The MiniLAB I 6 GHz OTA is a combination of a full turn-key wireless test system in a compact and perfectly shielded box. MiniLAB I 6 GHz OTA enables OTA measurements to be performed rapidly with high accuracy, including critical low power sensiti- vity measurements, as well as radiation pattern measurement (passive mea- surement) and RSE testing. Users can obtain figures of merit of the wireless connectivity performance as well as diagnostically analyze how to optimize the product, thanks to the full spherical radiation characterization of the tested device. The automation of the test system and the intuitive user interface enables companies with no experience from the past in antenna testing to efficiently perform connectivity tests of their devices with high accuracy. + Key benefits • Full turn-key wireless test system • Accurate OTA testing • Full passive antenna measurement • RSE Testing • Shielded chamber with high RF attenuation • Wide range of supported protocols including IoT & low power Max.
    [Show full text]
  • Fiber-Optic Interferometric Sensors for Measurements of Pressure Fluctuations: Experimental Evaluation
    NASA Technical Memorandum 104002 Fiber-Optic Interferometric Sensors for Measurements of Pressure Fluctuations: Experimental Evaluation Y. C. Cho and P. T. Soderman January 1993 AlPhA National Aeronautics and Space Administration Fiber-Optic Interferometric Sensors for Measurements of Pressure Fluctuations: •Experimental Evaluation Y. C. Cho* and P. T. Sodermant NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field, CA Abstract As the first phase of the advanced sensor program at NASA Ames, the FO Mach Zehnder interferometry as dis- This paper addresses an anechoic chamber evaluation played schematically in Fig. I was employed to develop and of a fiber-optic interfcrometrie sensor (fiber-optic micro- fabricate an FO sensor. This sensor is composed of three phone), which is being developed at NASA Ames Research main elements: a laser with a pulse generator, two FO sen- Center for measurements of pressure fluctuations in wind tunnels. sor hcads, and the optical dctector with signal processors. 2 Preliminary test results demonstrated feasibility of this sen- sor for aeroacoustic measurements. Extensive laboratory 1 Background tests are in progress for evaluation of acoustic character- Measurements of pressure fluctuations in wind tunnel are istics including acoustic sensitivity, dynamic range, fre- subject to certain interference effects, which affect currently quency response, antenna focusing, and airborne noise re- existing transducer techniques. Such effects include wind jection capability. Preliminary test results were reported noise, flow-sensor interaction noise, and flow induced sen- in Ref. 2. Also reported were some additional data re- sor vibration, in an attempt to eliminate or minimize these garding this sensor, including the principle and the system interference effects, a program was undertaken at NASA development.
    [Show full text]
  • Anechoic Chamber Design and Construction
    Web: http://www.pearl-hifi.com 86008, 2106 33 Ave. SW, Calgary, AB; CAN T2T 1Z6 E-mail: [email protected] Ph: +.1.403.244.4434 Fx: +.1.403.245.4456 Inc. Perkins Electro-Acoustic Research Lab, Inc. ❦ Engineering and Intuition Serving the Soul of Music Please note that the links in the PEARL logotype above are “live” and can be used to direct your web browser to our site or to open an e-mail message window addressed to ourselves. To view our item listings on eBay, click here. To see the feedback we have left for our customers, click here. This document has been prepared as a public service . Any and all trademarks and logotypes used herein are the property of their owners. It is our intent to provide this document in accordance with the stipulations with respect to “fair use” as delineated in Copyrights - Chapter 1: Subject Matter and Scope of Copyright; Sec. 107. Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair Use. Public access to copy of this document is provided on the website of Cornell Law School at http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.html and is here reproduced below: Sec. 107. - Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair Use Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, includ- ing such use by reproduction in copies or phono records or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for class- room use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • A Method for Measuring the Maximum Measurable Gain of a Passive Intermodulation Chamber
    electronics Article A Method for Measuring the Maximum Measurable Gain of a Passive Intermodulation Chamber Zhanghua Cai 1, Yantao Zhou 1, Lie Liu 2, Francesco de Paulis 3 , Yihong Qi 4 and Antonio Orlandi 3,* 1 Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; [email protected] (Z.C.); [email protected] (Y.Z.) 2 General Test Systems, Shenzhen 518102, China; [email protected] 3 UAq EMC Laboratory, Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L’Aquila, 64100 L’Aquila, Italy; [email protected] 4 Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518066, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-0862-434432 Abstract: This paper presents an approximate method that allows the calculation of the maximum measurable gain (MMG) in an anechoic chamber. This method is realized by using a low passive intermodulation (PIM) medium-gain directional antenna. By reducing the distance between the antenna and the wall of the chamber to reduce path loss, the purpose of replacing a high-gain antenna with a medium-gain antenna is achieved. The specific relationship between distance and equivalent gain is given in this paper. The measurement interval is determined by the 3 dB beamwidth of the measurement antenna to scan the whole chamber. A set of corresponding data for the residual PIM level and the MMG of the chamber can be obtained by the method of measurement outlined herein. The feasibility of this method was verified by measurements in two PIM measurement chambers. Keywords: anechoic chamber; antenna measurement; passive intermodulation measurement Citation: Cai, Z.; Zhou, Y.; Liu, L.; de Paulis, F.; Qi, Y.; Orlandi, A.
    [Show full text]