The Theory of Everything As the Reversibility Theory
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Genesis Cosmology* Genesis Cosmology Is the Cosmology Model in Agreement with the Interpretive Description of the First Three Da
Genesis Cosmology* Genesis Cosmology is the cosmology model in agreement with the interpretive description of the first three days in Genesis. Genesis Cosmology is derived from the unified theory that unifies various phenomena in our universe. In Genesis, the first day involves the emergence of the separation of light and darkness from the formless, empty, and dark pre-universe, corresponding to the emergence of the current asymmetrical dual universe of the light universe with light and the dark universe without light from the simple and dark pre-universe in Genesis Cosmology. The light universe is the current observable universe, while the dark universe coexisting with the light universe is first separated from the light universe and later connected with the light universe as dark energy. In Genesis, the second day involves the separation of waters from above and below the expanse, corresponding to the separation of dark matter and baryonic matter from above and below the interface between dark matter and baryonic matter for the formation of galaxies in Genesis Cosmology. In Genesis, the third day involves the separation of sea and land where organisms appeared, corresponding to the separation of interstellar medium and star with planet where organisms were developed in Genesis Cosmology. The unified theory for Genesis Cosmology unifies various phenomena in our observable universe and other universes. In terms of cosmology, our universe starts with the 11-dimensional membrane universe followed by the 10-dimensional string universe and then by the 10-dimensional particle universe, and ends with the asymmetrical dual universe with variable dimensional particle and 4-dimensional particles. -
Newtonian Wormholes
Newtonian wormholes José P. S. Lemos∗ and Paulo Luz† Centro Multidisciplinar de Astrofísica - CENTRA, Departamento de Física, Instituto Superior Técnico - IST, Universidade de Lisboa - UL, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Abstract A wormhole solution in Newtonian gravitation, enhanced through an equation relating the Ricci scalar to the mass density, is presented. The wormhole inhabits a spherically symmetric curved space, with one throat and two asymptotically flat regions. Particle dynamics in this geometry is studied, and the three distinct dynamical radii, namely, the geodesic, circumferential, and curvature radii, appear naturally in the study of circular motion. Generic motion is also analysed. A limiting case, although inconclusive, suggests the possibility of having a Newtonian black hole in a region of finite (nonzero) size. arXiv:1409.3231v1 [gr-qc] 10 Sep 2014 ∗ [email protected] † [email protected] 1 I. INTRODUCTION When many alternative theories to general relativity are being suggested, and the grav- itational field is being theoretically and experimentally put to test, it is interesting to try an alternative to Newton’s gravitation through an unexpected but simple modification of it. The idea is to have Newtonian gravitation, not in flat space, as we are used to, but in curved space. This intriguing possibility has been suggested by Abramowicz [1]. It was noted that Newtonian gravitation in curved space, and the corresponding Newtonian dy- namics in a circle, distinguishes three radii, namely, the geodesic radius (which gives the distance from the center to its perimeter), the circumferential radius (which is given by the perimeter divided by 2π), and the curvature radius (which is Frenet’s radius of curvature of a curve, in this case a circle). -
Chapter 22 the Entropy of the Universe and the Maximum Entropy Production Principle
Chapter 22 The Entropy of the Universe and the Maximum Entropy Production Principle Charles H. Lineweaver Abstract If the universe had been born in a high entropy, equilibrium state, there would be no stars, no planets and no life. Thus, the initial low entropy of the universe is the fundamental reason why we are here. However, we have a poor understanding of why the initial entropy was low and of the relationship between gravity and entropy. We are also struggling with how to meaningfully define the maximum entropy of the universe. This is important because the entropy gap between the maximum entropy of the universe and the actual entropy of the universe is a measure of the free energy left in the universe to drive all processes. I review these entropic issues and the entropy budget of the universe. I argue that the low initial entropy of the universe could be the result of the inflationary origin of matter from unclumpable false vacuum energy. The entropy of massive black holes dominates the entropy budget of the universe. The entropy of a black hole is proportional to the square of its mass. Therefore, determining whether the Maximum Entropy Production Principle (MaxEP) applies to the entropy of the universe is equivalent to determining whether the accretion disks around black holes are maximally efficient at dumping mass onto the central black hole. In an attempt to make this question more precise, I review the magnetic angular momentum transport mechanisms of accretion disks that are responsible for increasing the masses of black holes 22.1 The Entropy of the Observable Universe Stars are shining, supernovae are exploding, black holes are forming, winds on planetary surfaces are blowing dust around, and hot things like coffee mugs are cooling down. -
Existence Is Evidence of Immortality by Michael Huemer
Existence Is Evidence of Immortality by Michael Huemer Abstract: Time may be infinite in both directions. If it is, then, if persons could live at most once in all of time, the probability that you would be alive now would be zero. Since you are alive now, with certainty, either the past is finite, or persons can live more than once. 1. Overview Do persons continue to exist after the destruction of their bodies? Many believe so. This might occur either because we have immaterial souls that persist in another, non-physical realm; or because our bodies will be somehow reanimated after we die; or because we will live on in new bodies in the physical realm.1 I shall suggest herein that the third alternative, “reincarnation,” is surprisingly plausible. More specifically, I shall argue (i) that your present existence constitutes significant evidence that you will be reincarnated, and (ii) that if the history of the universe is infinite, then you will be reincarnated. My argument is entirely secular and philosophical. The basic line of thought is something like this. The universe has an infinite future. Given unlimited time, every qualitative state that has ever occurred will occur again, infinitely many times. This includes the qualitative states that in fact brought about your current life. A sufficiently precise repetition of the right conditions will qualify as literally creating another incarnation of you. Some theories about the nature of persons rule this out; however, these theories also imply that, given an infinite past, your present existence is a probability-zero event. -
Analysis of Repulsive Central Universal Force Field on Solar and Galactic
Open Phys. 2019; 17:364–372 Research Article Kamal Barghout* Analysis of repulsive central universal force field on solar and galactic dynamics https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2019-0041 otic matter-energy to the matter side of Einstein field equa- Received Jun 30, 2018; accepted Apr 02, 2019 tions, dubbed “dark matter” and “dark energy”; see [5] and references therein. Abstract: Recent astrophysical observations hint toward The existence of dark matter is mostly inferred from the need for an extended theory of gravity to explain puz- gravitational effects on visible matter and is thought toac- zles presented by the standard cosmological model such count for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe as the need for dark matter and dark energy to understand while dark energy is inferred from the accelerated expan- the dynamics of the cosmos. This paper investigates the ef- sion of the universe and along with dark matter constitutes fect of a repulsive central universal force field on the be- about 95% of the total mass-energy content in the universe. havior of celestial objects. Negative tidal effect on the solar The origin of dark matter is a mystery and a wide range and galactic orbits, like that experienced by Pioneer space- of theories speculate its type, its particle’s mass, its self- crafts, was derived from the central force and was shown to interaction and its interaction with normal matter. Also, manifest itself as dark matter and dark energy. Vertical os- experiments to directly detect dark matter particles in the cillation of the sun about the galactic plane was modeled lab have failed to produce positive results which presents a as simple harmonic motion driven by the repulsive force. -
Communications-Mathematics and Applied Mathematics/Download/8110
A Mathematician's Journey to the Edge of the Universe "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." ― Socrates Manjunath.R #16/1, 8th Main Road, Shivanagar, Rajajinagar, Bangalore560010, Karnataka, India *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] *Website: http://www.myw3schools.com/ A Mathematician's Journey to the Edge of the Universe What’s the Ultimate Question? Since the dawn of the history of science from Copernicus (who took the details of Ptolemy, and found a way to look at the same construction from a slightly different perspective and discover that the Earth is not the center of the universe) and Galileo to the present, we (a hoard of talking monkeys who's consciousness is from a collection of connected neurons − hammering away on typewriters and by pure chance eventually ranging the values for the (fundamental) numbers that would allow the development of any form of intelligent life) have gazed at the stars and attempted to chart the heavens and still discovering the fundamental laws of nature often get asked: What is Dark Matter? ... What is Dark Energy? ... What Came Before the Big Bang? ... What's Inside a Black Hole? ... Will the universe continue expanding? Will it just stop or even begin to contract? Are We Alone? Beginning at Stonehenge and ending with the current crisis in String Theory, the story of this eternal question to uncover the mysteries of the universe describes a narrative that includes some of the greatest discoveries of all time and leading personalities, including Aristotle, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton, and the rise to the modern era of Einstein, Eddington, and Hawking. -
Martini 3 Coarse-Grained Force Field: Small Molecules
Martini 3 Coarse-Grained Force Field: Small Molecules Riccardo Alessandri,∗,y,x Jonathan Barnoud,y,k Anders S. Gertsen,z Ilias Patmanidis,y Alex H. de Vries,y Paulo C. T. Souza,∗,y,{ and Siewert J. Marrink∗,y yGroningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands zDepartment of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 310, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark {Current address: Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry (MMSB, UMR 5086), CNRS & University of Lyon, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69007, Lyon, France xCurrent address: Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States kCurrent address: Intangible Realities Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, U.K. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 1 Abstract The recent re-parametrization of the Martini coarse-grained force field, Martini 3, improved the accuracy of the model in predicting molecular packing and interactions in molecular dynamics simulations. Here, we describe how small molecules can be accurately parametrized within the Martini 3 framework and present a database of validated small molecule models (available at https://github.com/ricalessandri/ Martini3-small-molecules and http://cgmartini.nl). We pay particular atten- tion to the description of aliphatic and aromatic ring-like structures, which are ubiq- uitous in small molecules such as solvents and drugs or in building blocks constituting macromolecules such as proteins and synthetic polymers. In Martini 3, ring-like struc- tures are described by models that use higher resolution coarse-grained particles (small and tiny particles). -
Arxiv:Gr-Qc/0405051V2 7 Jun 2004 Nw Oeit O Ntne Hyocri H Aii ffc,Adin and Effect, Casimir the in Occur They D Energy Instance, Negative for Several Regime, Exist
On Traversable Lorentzian Wormholes in the Vacuum Low Energy Effective String Theory in Einstein and Jordan Frames K.K. Nandi 1 Department of Mathematics, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling (W.B.) 734430, India Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2735, Beijing 100080, China Yuan-Zhong Zhang 2 CCAST(World Lab.), P. O. Box 8730, Beijing 100080, China Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2735, Beijing 100080, China Abstract Three new classes (II-IV) of solutions of the vacuum low energy effective string theory in four dimensions are derived. Wormhole solutions are investigated in those solutions including the class I case both in the Einstein and in the Jordan (string) frame. It turns out that, of the eight classes of solutions investigated (four in the Einstein frame and four in the corresponding string frame), massive Lorentzian traversable wormholes exist in five classes. Nontrivial massless limit exists only in class I Einstein frame solution while none at all exists in the string frame. An investigation of test scalar charge motion in the class I solution in the two frames is carried out by using the Pleba´nski-Sawicki theorem. A curious consequence is that the motion around the extremal zero (Keplerian) mass configuration leads, as a result of scalar-scalar interaction, to a new hypothetical “mass” that confines test scalar charges in bound orbits, but does not interact with neutral test particles. PACS number(s): 04.40.Nr,04.20.Gz,04.62.+v arXiv:gr-qc/0405051v2 7 Jun 2004 1 Introduction Currently, there exist an intense activity in the field of wormhole physics following partic- ularly the seminal works of Morris, Thorne and Yurtsever [1]. -
Report and Opinion 2016;8(6) 1
Report and Opinion 2016;8(6) http://www.sciencepub.net/report Beyond Einstein and Newton: A Scientific Odyssey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, And The Cosmos Manjunath R Independent Researcher #16/1, 8 Th Main Road, Shivanagar, Rajajinagar, Bangalore: 560010, Karnataka, India [email protected], [email protected] “There is nothing new to be discovered in physics now. All that remains is more and more precise measurement.” : Lord Kelvin Abstract: General public regards science as a beautiful truth. But it is absolutely-absolutely false. Science has fatal limitations. The whole the scientific community is ignorant about it. It is strange that scientists are not raising the issues. Science means truth, and scientists are proponents of the truth. But they are teaching incorrect ideas to children (upcoming scientists) in schools /colleges etc. One who will raise the issue will face unprecedented initial criticism. Anyone can read the book and find out the truth. It is open to everyone. [Manjunath R. Beyond Einstein and Newton: A Scientific Odyssey Through Creation, Higher Dimensions, And The Cosmos. Rep Opinion 2016;8(6):1-81]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 1. doi:10.7537/marsroj08061601. Keywords: Science; Cosmos; Equations; Dimensions; Creation; Big Bang. “But the creative principle resides in Subaltern notable – built on the work of the great mathematics. In a certain sense, therefore, I hold it astronomers Galileo Galilei, Nicolaus Copernicus true that pure thought can -
From Eternity to Here: the Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time Free
FREE FROM ETERNITY TO HERE: THE QUEST FOR THE ULTIMATE THEORY OF TIME PDF Sean Carroll | 438 pages | 26 Oct 2010 | Penguin Putnam Inc | 9780452296541 | English | New York, United States From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time by Sean Carroll Several weeks ago, we took at look at What Is Time? But the world might be ready for a compelling new voice to unravel and synthesize the fundamental fabric of existence, and hardly anyone is better poised to fill these giant shoes than Caltech theoretical physicist Sean Carroll. In From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of TimeCarroll — who might just be one of the most compelling popular science writers of our time — straddles the arrow of time and rides it through an ebbing cross-disciplinary landscape of insight, inquiry and intense interest in its origin, nature and ultimate purpose. This book is about the nature of time, the beginning o the universe, and the underlying structure of physical reality. How is the future different from the past? From entropy and the second law of thermodynamics to the Big Bang theory and the origins From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time the universe to quantum mechanics and the theory of relativity, Carroll weaves a lucid, enthusiastic, illuminating and refreshingly accessible story of the universe, and our place in it, underpinning which is the profound quest for understanding the purpose and meaning of our lives. We find ourselves, From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time as a central player in the life of the cosmos, but as a tiny epiphenomenon, flourishing for a brief moment as we ride a wave of increasing entropy. -
Situated Knowledges: the Science Question in Feminism and the Privilege of Partial Perspective Author(S): Donna Haraway Source: Feminist Studies, Vol
Situated Knowledges: The Science Question in Feminism and the Privilege of Partial Perspective Author(s): Donna Haraway Source: Feminist Studies, Vol. 14, No. 3 (Autumn, 1988), pp. 575-599 Published by: Feminist Studies, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3178066 Accessed: 17/04/2009 15:40 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=femstudies. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Feminist Studies, Inc. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Feminist Studies. http://www.jstor.org SITUATEDKNOWLEDGES: THE SCIENCEQUESTION IN FEMINISM AND THE PRIVILEGEOF PARTIAL PERSPECTIVE DONNA HARAWAY Academic and activist feminist inquiry has repeatedly tried to come to terms with the question of what we might mean by the curious and inescapableterm "objectivity."We have used a lot of toxic ink and trees processedinto paper decryingwhat theyhave meant and how it hurts us. -
Behavior of Gas Reveals the Existence of Antigravity Gaseous Nature More Precisely Described by Gravity-Antigravity Forces
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 29 January 2020 Article Behavior of gas reveals the existence of antigravity Gaseous nature more precisely described by gravity-antigravity forces Chithra K. G. Piyadasa* Electrical and Computer engineering, University of Manitoba, 75, Chancellors Circle, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5V6, Canada. * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1 204 583 1156 Abstract: The Author’s research series has revealed the existence in nature, of gravitational repulsion force, i,e., antigravity, which is proportional to the content of thermal energy of the particle. Such existence is in addition to the gravitational attraction force, accepted for several hundred years as proportional to mass. Notwithstanding such long acceptance, gravitational attraction acting on matter has totally been neglected in thermodynamic calculations in derivation of the ideal gas law. Both the antigravity force and the gravitational force have to be accommodated in an authentic elucidation of ideal gas behavior. Based on microscopic behavior of air molecules under varying temperature, this paper presents: firstly, the derivation of the mathematical model of gravitational repulsive force in matter; secondly, mathematical remodeling of the gravitational attractive force in matter. Keywords: gravitational attraction, gravitational repulsion, antigravity, intermolecular forces, specific heat, thermal energy, adiabatic and isothermal expansion. 1. Introduction As any new scientific revelation has a bearing on the accepted existing knowledge, some analysis of the ideal gas law becomes expedient. The introduction discusses the most fundamental concepts relating to the ideal gas law and they are recalled in this introduction with fine detail to show how they contradict the observations made in this discussion.