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Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis?
Olivia Douglas and Amy Viles NOVEMBER 2015 Gayle Moana Johnson 2013 Johnson Moana Front CoverCover -Gayle &Inside
Contents Contents Appendix Five: Artist Statements Five: Artist Appendix Stable Supported In Not And Accommodation Housing Their With Difficulty Experiencing Are Who YoungPeople For Survey Four: Appendix Form Questionaire Services Social North Palmerston in YoungPeople for Housing Three: Appendix Two: Poster Appendix Outline Project Abbreviations of Glossary One: Appendix References Investigation for Further Recommendations People for Young Model Housing Two: Accommodation Model Supported People for Young Housing Growing of Areas Identified Four One: Model Recommendations Durie’sMason Te Wellbeing and Model Tapa Whare Health Wha Sir Using – People Young on Deprivation Housing of Impact The Provision Service on –Report Centre Advice Housing Service the Utilising Groups Age of Percentages and Statistics Centre Advice Housing Youth Particpants Data: Survey Anecdotal Accommodation Stable Supported in Not and Young People Who Are With Difficulty Experiencing Their Housing Youth of – Findings Survey Parliament of Members and Churches Providers, Findings from Interviews with Social Alternative Services, Education for Young People Key Research and Policy Themes that Impact on Housing Insecurity and Insecurity Housing of YoungHomelessness, People Definitions Methodology Summary Executive Acknowledgements 42 40 39 38 37 35 34 33 32 27 26 25 24 22 17 14 12 9 6 3 2 1 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 2
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Palmerston Palmerston North Women’s Refuge, Pohatu Toroa Space, Youth Dais Melbourne SALT, Laurel and Willis Karlie and Mollard Dave Bayley, Alistair Johanson Jenny and Loveridge Unit, Deborah Parent Teen Network), Intervention Abuse The Palmy Youth Network, Thank you to the following people and organisations for their time, knowledge and support for the project: your love with for young us people. for inspiring and Erikson Trissel to thanks Special and work, art city. our in your young of people resilience and resourcefulness sharing vision, the express to us allowing in generosity your for Johnson Moana Gayle and Kingi Mani to you Thank your sharing for research, your of account experiences. honest an present to us and with for connecting and surveys stories, the to contributed that people young the to you thank Firstly, Acknowledgements Babbage Babbage Philips John and Clark Gilsenan Collins Daryll and Kennard Army,Shane Trust, Aroha Te Harrison Duerksen-Kapao Tessa Julene Services, and Community Conway Noa Rebecca Maden, Bruce Hauora, Manawatu a Ray Jermyn Jermyn Ray Services, Ward Norelle Church Crossroads Debbie Harris Church, Baptist Central Mitchell Howe Kerry and Karim Pauline Hamilton Hamilton Jennifer and Walker Liz Oatley-Watkins, Linda Kook, Nikki Council, Youth North Palmerston Baty Susan Council), City North (Palmerston Galloway Galloway Cross Nathan Zealand, New Housing Thank you with admiration and respect to Dr. Kathryn Hay and Helen Simmons, Simmons, Helen love. and for your support youfamilies our to Finally, thank and Hay Kathryn process. this through Dr. Ross Council) Rochelle Services and Community MacManus North to Michelle Thompson, Michelle to respect you Thank and admiration with lovework. and your social of wisdom for imparting University) (Massey you Thank Design). (Graphic Council), Services Community North (Palmerston PNCSC – Ball Darroch National, MP Christina Hemmingsen and Jannene Haydock Haydock Jannene and Hemmingsen Christina Church on Church Vogel, and Corbett Rachel Meacheam Elizabeth Housing Advice Centre, Centre, Advice Housing Shepherds Rest, Rest, Shepherds Jono Naylor Office, – Electorate North Palmerston of Parliament Member Sergeant Craig Smith Smith Craig Sergeant Family, and Youth Child Jenny Pepworth Pepworth Jenny Centre), Resource (Volunteer VRC Carol Arnold, Sue Swinborne and Sally Sally and Swinborne Sue Arnold, Carol Van, Street North Palmerston one Voice Joanne , Sandra Owen Owen Sandra , Manline Katrina Pereka, Meriam Findlay, Kalwyn Pereka, Rachel Dougherty, Jason Jason Dougherty, Rachel Pereka, Kalwyn Findlay, Meriam Pereka, Katrina Huatahi Nuku, Alan Dingley and Keisha Keisha and Dingley Alan Nuku, Huatahi Service, Youth START Fraser Greig Greig Fraser First, Zealand New MP List Andrew Andrew Association), Student University (Massey MUSA for your guidance, encouragement encouragement guidance, your for Shop Stop One YouthYOSS , Peter Grey, Alane Nilsen, Todd Taiepa and Julie McDonald McDonald Julie and TaiepaTodd Nilsen, Alane Grey, Peter , The The Danielle Berry Berry Danielle Wahine, nga o Whakaruruhau TeRoopu Venessa Pokaia Pokaia Venessa Foundation, Home Open Housing Housing Needs Monitoring Group, MAIN (Manawatu Kevin Reilly and Daniel Ryland Ryland Daniel and Reilly Kevin Society), Rehabilitation & Aid (Prisoner’s PARS Lew Findlay and Sheree Sheree and Findlay Lew Hostel, Men’s Army Salvation Iain Lees- Iain Affairs), Internal of (Department DIA CCC (Christian Community Church), Donna Grant Community CCC (Christian Sandi Sandi Noon for welcoming us into your organisation and guiding us us guiding and organisation your into us welcoming for aa Vaelua Sarah North, Palmerston YMCA Best Care (Whakapai Hauora) Charitable Charitable Hauora) (Whakapai Care Best PNCC City Counsellor for Housing, The The Housing, for Counsellor City PNCC Debbie Baker, Keri Huurdeman, Huurdeman, KeriBaker, Debbie Trust, MASH Camillia Camillia House Keith Hilson Hilson Keith Police, Zealand New Lifehouse Trust,Lifehouse Kate Sawyer Union, Tenants Manawatu Carol Whitley and Craig Viles Viles Craig and Whitley Carol , Kevin Richards PNCSC (Palmerston (Palmerston PNCSC Red Cross Refuge Refuge Cross Red Access Manawatu/ Access Whakatipuria Whakatipuria Te Wakahuia Wakahuia Te Salvation Salvation PNCC PNCC YOSS List List
1. Social Wellbeing Forum Report 2015. Palmerston North. p.7. North. 2015. Palmerston Report Forum Wellbeing 1. Social with 32 social service providers in Palmerston North, including services with a primary interest in in interest primary a with services groups networking including providers, housing providers, education alternative North, people, young for delivery Palmerston service in providers service social interviews 32 semi-structured using with analysis stakeholder a conducted we research the of phase first the In framework. development ayouth within approach amixedmethods included on Tebased plan project based that Tapa Whare a of strengths health, with Model project the We started Methodology • • • • • • housing: for issues of 2015summary following Wellbeingthe Forum Social identified Palmerston in people young for issue at the Attendees needs. accommodation and term emergency focus on homelessness short their a with particular North and insecurity housing the of extent the research ‘ the of purpose The future’. for the opportunities and hope give them to one word, in insecurity…we, have as organisations, to issue work a lot harder at housing and supporting working for people the addressed issue’…’it Lees-Galloway, acute an weknow, all becoming as is ‘housing, that to down by comes stating Iain North Palmerston North, Palmerston for Parliament of Member The as we, that address. to would seek issue Work students, Social the University Massey be to forum the at identified was with and Housing discuss issues. along to social recurrent Parliament these forum of prioritise Members the local and Council attended City North sector Palmerston the community of representatives the within organisations non-government Several • • • • • • including: forum, at the attendance in agencies numerous the of services the sought that clients of number a of wellbeing the on impact significant a having as A 2015.identified were issues social April of range in Council Services Community North Palmerston the by hosted Forum Wellbeing Social Our ‘ needs. housing their couldmeet that sleeping on friends’ couches or to seek other housing inadequate equally options in the absence of a service immediate or extended family, the social services in the city are forced to ask that young person to consider for young If, for people. a a of range young reasons, is person not housing able to, or not chooses to their stay with emergency secure and safe no provides city the currently as sleep, to hope somewhere have to you need that will you North, Palmerston in living night, other any or tonight, person young a are you If Executive Summary Young fromresearch resulted A in the North: People Crisis?’ annual Palmerston Facing Housing Deprivation Look at existing infrastructure with an “ideal” in one referenced document referenced one in “ideal” an with infrastructure at existing Look list housing for the Criteria looked at be to needs Community addressed be to housing of Quality information collate and Gather alternatives investigate and providers, and issues map to need The opportunities training and Education transport public to Access for providers environments working challenging and funding Inadequate and stigma isolation, social employment, and security Income abuse, sexual and wellbeing and health communities, violence, vulnerable discrimination, domestic abuse, substance Alcohol, accommodation emergency and short-term Housing, report is to to is report Crisis?’ A North: Palmerston in Deprivation Housing Facing People Young 3 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? and churches in Palmerston North. We expanded the interview process to include interviews with representatives of the City Council, City Councillors, and Members of Parliament to provide a wider political context to the issue.
During the second phase of the research we conducted 45 surveys and interviews adapted from the ‘Palmy Youth Network’ survey with young people engaged in alternative education with 5 alternative education providers. These surveys were conducted adhering to the FAIR ethics framework (Fairness, Autonomy, Integrity, Results, Rowson, 2006), the ANZASW Code of Ethics and the SWRB Code of Conduct (with particular consideration to informed consent, voluntary participation and confidentiality).
During the third phase of the research we conducted semi-structured interviews with Child, Youth and Family (CYF), Housing New Zealand Corporation (HNZC), the New Zealand Police and the Ministry of Social Development (MSD).
The fourth phase of the research included a review of current academic research and an integration of 4 policy, with a particular focus on research relating to housing insecurity and young people in Palmerston 4 North and in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Recommendations
1. Establish a Unified Housing Framework for Young People • “One size fits all” is not going to work for everyone, which is why a framework addressing youth housing needs is required, with differing levels of support for young individuals within a youth development framework that recognises the value of young people in Aotearoa New Zealand.
2. Government Funding Changes Required • Government funding changes are required in order to address resource deficiencies for social service providers. • Community organisations are working in contract compliant silos which have been seen to impact on individual’s needs and experiences within the social sector. • There is an urgent need to address the issue of housing deprivation being an outcome of wider systemic failures.
3. Social Services Collaboration • Collaboration is needed in order to fully fulfil the needs of young people, requiring the support of central government agencies in Palmerston North, local government, social services, schools, Rangitane as mana whenua, and iwi. • A holistic collaborative model of care and support is needed to provide a wrap-around service to young individuals who require housing within a timeframe where the young person is still open to receiving support.
4. Establish an Emergency 24 hour Shelter for Young People (see attached model) • Establishment of a 5-6 bedroom 24 hour emergency supported accommodation for young
Young People Facing Housing DeprivationYoung in Palmerston North: A Crisis? people with social work and youth work support. • One bedroom set aside for crisis accommodation. • Supported life skills and values critical to maintaining wellbeing to prepare young people for adulthood and independence.
5. Establish Transitional Accommodation for Young People • We recommend an additional 5-6 bedroom transitional housing, for young people that need housing in a semi-independent environment. • For young people who require some advocacy support, to live independently in an environment that allows them to develop their life skills and transition into full independence.
3 Social Wellbeing Forum Report 2015. Palmerston North. MP Address Iain Lees-Galloway MP for Palmerston North – Labour. Appendix V. p. 22. 4 Social Wellbeing Forum Report 2015. Palmerston North. p. 8. 6. Re-establishing Relationships • Re-establishment of healthy, supportive and positive relationships with parents, whanau and support networks where a breakdown in the relationship may have occurred through counselling and advocacy services within the housing initiative. • A breakdown in whanau relationships is cause for a high number of young people facing housing deprivation. We recommend the use of the Whanau Hui approach for the development of a strong cultural identity and a sense of belonging and to promote positive mental health and wellbeing.
7. Establish more Accessible Housing for Young People Wanting to Live Independently in the Wider Community • It is recommended that more accessible housing to young people who are wanting to live independently within the community is available for the age group of young people who are unable to sign tenancy agreements. • A ‘Friendly Landlord’ scheme is given more development and funding • It is critical to address the age discrimination young people in Palmerston North experience 5 when seeking social housing and private rental accommodation. 5 8. We advocate the establishment of an ‘Advisory Group • Using the conceptual framework (discussed by Joanne Voice of the Open Home Foundation, at the Palmy Youth Network) where relevant professional representatives of agencies, for example: the services of health, mental health, housing, justice, education, alcohol and drug addiction, the Ministry of Social Development and the Department of Internal Affairs, will meet with young people and their advocates to provide regular advice, support, services and information. Young People Facing Housing DeprivationYoung in Palmerston North: A Crisis?
Mani Kingi 2013 6
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Young people should be empowered to make decisions for the their own wellbeing. It is key to any to key process. involve the in to issue young people is work this on further It wellbeing. own their the for decisions make to empowered be should processes. people Young decision-making and resources to access of terms in disadvantaged been historically have people) young as (such populations Marginalised 2001).Walsh-Tapiata, and (Munford affairs common is process their over development control and power of deprived community traditionally are who those the of enabling and empowering of the priority ‘first the that state Walsh-Tapiata and Munford 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. principles: six following the encompasses approach development A youth central the of aware become we that services strategy. social development ayouth using of importance key with interviews our through only study. was the of It outset the from framework development youth a adopted have would we hindsight, In Youth Development Framework Te Taha Te Wairua, Te Taha 1994). Tinana, Taha (Durie, Whanau Te encompassing: Taha wellbeing, to Hinengaro, approach Te integrated Tapa a Whare holistic as Wha worldviews, to how understand those worldviews may filterour perceptionsof withinothersthe study. own our acknowledge to We society. in groups wanted certain between historical disadvantages and advantages existing the acknowledge to framework, bi-cultural a establish Wha to Tapaway a Whare TeDurie’s as Mason health of Sir model of principles the utilise to was study the of focus central A Te Tapa Whare ofHealth Model Wha we interviewed. that young people the of dignity and resilience the weacknowledge that research our to important was it as perspective, based action points to map the issue and our report findings. Wethe conducted study from within astrengths of gaps in housing emergency provision. We were tasked with using the PNCSC Social Wellbeing Forum youth of scope in the byhomelessness North Palmerston mapping of the existing service providers and analysis conducting an analysis and assessment needs a conduct to was research this of purpose The Purpose Methodology Research about and for young people is crucial to establishing what is needed for the future. focus. afuture and future. information the quality Youth requires development for needed is what establishing to crucial is people young for and about Research them. to happens what and for them are made that decisions the in Youth is keyparticipation to for developing opportunities young people. They need to have a say community. the in supported feel people young that important is It development. youth to vital are relationships healthy Quality what at looking by factors. risk approach, the to contributes what and factors protective the enhances strengths-based consistent a on based is development Youth influences. positive to and peers, education, whanau, family, community, the to connected being people young about is Youthdevelopment young on people. impact Treaty all the Waitangi, of and contexts economic people, young of rights the on laws international and national systems, The ‘big picture’ focus is key social and cultural Howto structures, youth political development. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. ortrauma). distress further cause not to as (so issues housing with people young of vulnerability the of mindful were and participants towards respect and integrity of levels high wemaintained study the throughout stages all At Code of (SWRB) Conduct. Board Workers and Social the Registration Code of Ethics, (ANZASW) Workers Social of Association Zealand New Aotearoa the Conduct, of Code PNCSC the to adhering There were several ethical throughout considerations the research process. We addressed the ethics by Framework Ethical participants. survey as research the in participation than rather partnership youth a seek to study, the of direction and basis the to as Weframework from development the outset. would have sought youngmorewith consultation people youth a used have would we people, young with working of context the that of aware were more research been we the had on impacts negative The issue. the of extent the to as no had notions such preconcieved as and approach, were enquiry naive research a using the initially on study the impacts approach to positive able were we The that people. young with working of and writing, report and research in inexperience our both of research, the on impacts negative that and positive believe Weboth view.were there of points our on perspective seek and concerns those address to supervision personal our by influenced We external used ideologies. be by ownpolitical our also but practices, and to beliefs cultural biases, project values, the for potential the study the throughout discussed We Practice ofReflective Use full statistical picture. picture. statistical full limited the the issue the byissue of and to the fully investigate danger overstating not having the timeframe acknowledge but findings, our of account honest an present to always attempted We itself. for speaks timeframe short the despite the though, data to The answers. meaning conclude to facts attributing by and out left we what and included we what by need of picture We became aware throughout the course of the research, of the potential to present a particular outcomes: ethical Determining those left we document. final the of out remarks instances those In service. another of provision service of quality direct the to as services social some of perceptions the on of commentary implicatons direct a were the that remarks consider making to had we where arose situations process, writing report the In out: leave to and in What what for participants all at any time. consent their with withdraw to ability their and would used be information discussed the purpose We study. the in participate to were obligation they no that aware under made and determination self towards supported were participants All participation: Voluntary are they service social information study). the the in participation their to to (which led No them meet to orhow we came with, engaged identifiable anonimity. or individual, their the to maintained identifiable either people is gathered young from gathered information All confidentiality: Maintaining participants. survey of vulnerablity the of mindfulness maintaining and consent parental about concerns to due survey gave Massey University only permission for young people over the age of 16 in to the participate consent: Informed 7 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 8
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? North and in Aotearoa New Zealand. New Aotearoa in and North policy, with a focus on particular research relating to housing and insecurity young people in Palmerston of integration an and research academic areview current of included research the of phase fourth The Four Phase homelessness. youth of causes and on government policy, to present those findingsin thein to particular report, addressthe structural North Palmerston in people young on impacts the into more research to weunable were constraints, time to due Again, (MSD). Development Social of Ministry the and Police Zealand New the (HNZC), Corporation Zealand New Housing (CYF), Family and Youth Child, with interviews Semi-structured Three Phase We points: following the by would like referral. note to with contact into came we that people young other with and education alternative in engaged people 45 surveys and fromadapted interviews the Youth‘Palmy survey were Network’ with conducted young TwoPhase Most service. particular that to applicable not were1 from 1to interviews were questions instances, some in as services, all of asked were questions all Not discussion. prompt to designed questions open-ended were and North, Palmerston in conducted been had that research of review our alongside conducted were interviews PNCSC the from arising questions key the incorporate to written was questionnaire The Parliament. of Members North. and Palmerston Councillors City in Council, City the providers of representatives service with conducted were social interviews Additional 32 with conducted were interviews stuctured Semi One Phase Excutive (as Summary) in the discussed Strategy Interview
• • • • circumstances further. circumstances structured interviews with most participants to seek clarity and to investigate their their investigate to and clarity seek to participants most with interviews structured to time Some contstraints. of the questions were ambiguous, and we ended up conducting semi- We would like to acknowledge the flaws in our adaptation of the survey questionaire due due questionaire survey the of adaptation our in flaws the acknowledge to like would We survey. amanual of limitations The as aculture. of youth transience the to due hoped first as participants It was evident and can be seen in our data that we were unable to get as wide of an intake in in intake an of wide as get to wewereunable that data our in seen be can and evident was It care. state exiting Given extended time frames we would have liked to have interviewed more young people people young more interviewed have to liked have would we frames time extended Given and to give a framework for the direction of the study. These These study. the of direction the for framework a give to and Forum Wellbeing Social 1 / 2 hours in duration. in hours Mani Kingi 2013 Kingi Mani
permanent home but rely on the option of sharing someone else’s accommodation on a temporary temporary a on accommodation else’s someone sharing of option own the their on for rely options but no home have permanent people when occurring insecurity housing of rise the (2006) discussed Meert who and Edgar of study the highlights Paper Research Library Parliamentary The instability. and insecurity housing to issue central the as overcrowding and surfing couch of North Palmerston in of issue the prevalence the raised to pointing study, our throughout additionally illustrated been has which research homelessness’, ‘concealed The 2014). the Library, secure Parliamentary and reiterated safe Zealand acquire to (New Zealand’ options no housing’ New as ‘having in defined officially ‘Homelessness definition, Zealand Paper New Statistics Research Library Parliamentary 2014 The Paper: Research Library Parliamentary New Zealand 2. 2009). New Zealand, (Statistics housing. the of nature insecure and in unstable the to due definition included the also are abuse or violence family from insecurity to due residence that leave to had have are on or members, a family who list, havesocial housing waiting had but a who residency recent stable with stay times at may who people Young definition. homeless the in included are rough sleeping and accommodation usual their not is that household a in sharing accommodation, temporary between as such situations living different between excluded move that were minors particular, situations In housing definition. the what in included of and study Zealand New Statistics the by North, clarification Palmerston the in people was young for homelessness of prevalence the on study this for Significant 2009) New Zealand, (Statistics include: which homelessness of categories four established definition This the of and Ministry developed Social Development, the New Corporation definitionZealand ofofficial inhomelessness 2008. Zealand New Housing Zealand, New Statistics of comprised group, working A Definition: 1. New Zealand Statistics trends. international with are consistent Zealand New in oryoung people youth and deprivation housing ofon are homelessness, how The developed to definitions address services those social issues. How issues are anddefined the ways in whichthose are definitions usedcan have impact aconsiderable Young People Housing Deprivation and Defining Homelessness, 4. 3. 2. 1. dwelling are considered uninhabitable housing. housing. uninhabitable are considered dwelling Housing: Uninhabitable homeless. considered are not dwelling the of residents usual The dwelling. else’sprivate someone sharing through people for Sharing Accommodation: accommodation. and for long-term intended are not these as camps houses, boarding motor in long-term staying people Also, refuges. women’s and homeless, the for accommodation supported long-term. transitional in homeless, the for lived hostels be includes This to intended not are and dwelling, temporary non-private a in provided considered is are situations accommodation when they provide shelter Living overnight, or when 24-hour accommodation Accommodation: Temporary oracar. ashack in living as such dwellings, improvised inhabiting and considered as shelter.without These include living such situations as living on the street provide that no shelter,shelter, situations Living areor makeshift Shelter: Without Living situations where people reside in a dilapidated dilapidated a in reside people where situations Living Living situations that provide temporary accommodation 9 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 10
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? example a history of engagement with Child, Youth and Family) have resulted in young people leaving leaving people young in resulted have Family) Youth and Child, with engagement of history a example been have people young asked to leave, havewhich chosen to leave, or concerns in for where external the wellbeing of young people breakdowns (for them family in include: issues resulting insecurity factors housing contributing experiencing shown have people young with interviews our from Findings of facing types include: people orinsecurity young deprivation housing the by experienced of or by Some sought being North. as identified Palmerston been have in that people accommodation young by experienced issues the housing investigate of to is types report this for temporary rationale to key The reference accommodation). with shared and particularly accommodation above, stated referenced is (as definition insecurity Zealand New Housing conclusively. Statistics the define in to issue difficult more a is insecurity Housing Definition: Insecurity Housing 4. experiences of housing deprivation in New Zealand. New in deprivation housing of experiences a for development of the New Statistics advocate Zealand definitionof to homelessness would be Wemore inclusive of the homelessness. broad Marginal and Tertiary Secondary, of study MacKenzie’s and Chamberlain from categories homelessness the within fit who North Palmerston in people indications young many of were There categories. four above the of one any within people falling young as of identified be experiences can varied The North. Palmerston in people young of deprivation housing and homelessness of areas the of inclusive is it as study our to key is homelessness of definition This New Aotearoa in follows: are as categories four The Zealand. experience homelessness the to it relates and Australia, in homelessness of Primary, study homelessness: of categories four identified Secondary, Tertiary and that Marginal homelessness. Richards (2008) discusses study Chamberlain and MacKenzie’s 1992 MacKenzie the is and homelessness, considered Chamberlain not ways is the or is, and what of homelessness perceptions the of on forms impact definitions particular which in defining in relevance the to central study Another –Australia ofHomelessness Definition MacKenzie and 3. Chamberlain Paper, Research 2014). Parliamentary Zealand (New homelessness’ of ‘at may be risk who group vulnerable a as but study, the by homeless considered being not as caregiver state existing their identified youngstudy importantly people exiting state care (atage 17in New Zealand)and moving from (the lounge). domain public The the (their bedroom) within is domain private their constitute normally would What space. or privacy no has situation surfing couch or overcrowded an within living person accommodation is believed to have broad reaching implications for social in development, that the young basis, therefore having no or stability legal tenure and rights. Further implications of this type of unstable vacant buildings, sleeping in acar. in sleeping buildings, vacant into breaking for occupants, amenities limited with house of size and bedrooms of number the for mayhave occupants that of excess an houses in overcrowding (living surfing, couch cells, police outside, rough sleeping outs, garages/sleep motels/backpackers, maraes, grounds, camping park, caravan/motor houses/hostels, boarding ineligible), them makes age their which Women’s ineligible), them makes age (for their (for Refuge which accommodation Emergency 4. 3. 2. 1. (overcrowded, substandard). unsuitable physically is which housing in people includes Homelessness: Marginal houses) boarding (including tenure of security no has and needs their for unsuitable is which housing in people includes Homelessness: Tertiary shelters) night hostels, (family, friends, shelter temporary of forms between transient are who people includes Homelessness: Secondary shelter) makeshift buildings, derelict cars, is as thedefined street, rough Homelessness: sleepers parks, (using Primary experiences in the following categories: following the in experiences life worldview, defining aMaori on based is concept The 20’s/early 30’s cases. some in late until up and of ages 12 the between being as Hauora Whakapai by identified was Rangatahi age. chronological than more encompasses that development to approach holistic a maturity, and experiences life personal by young define us encouraged to Hauora to consider the concept of Whakapai as the term of being determined Rangitahi need the us generation. younger a or youth as for defined are worldview Maori a within established Rangitahi Rangatahi. as Maori Hauora Whakapai with interview semi-structured A Tangata6. ofYoung Definition Whenua People (Rangatahi): young some people: facing issues following by the evidenced was groups age this of focus the necessitating Factors concern. particular for cause a as group age 16-18 year the on insecurity), housing experiencing people young of surveys the and people, young with engage who that there emerged a emphasis within particular the course of the research social (interviewing services For the scope of our research we chose to adopt the United Nations definitionof youth,but acknowlege 2014). Affairs, Social and Economic of Department Nations (United issues youth experience and culture, youth with engage people young which considerably on in ways the on based is but age, chronological youth than more of definition The processes. making decision over influence greater gain factors external andother ofpeers influence the where formation, of self-identity in development different within ways time to a refers transitional that terminology different is a constructed The form of expression socially cultures. in understood is person’ ‘young or ‘youth’ word the of meaning The adulthood of one autonomy). and independence of to childhood astage to through (transitioning guidance) from and transition guardianship on social dependent of development time of a stage also formative (the is time of period ‘youth’ this adolescence, through adulthood to childhood from maturing of process biological 15-24the of Beyond old. cohort years age an as defined are and Nations United the by interchangeably used terms are people’ ‘Youth’ ‘young or data. statistical gathering of purposes the for of youth definition a adopted 1981 In Nations United the ofYouth: Definition Nations United 5. surfing). housing overcrowded and environments withreliance accommodation andfriends on income), (couch finding acquaintances temporary exceeding costs living and rent of cost the (with dependence benefit instability, income abuse, and violence family untenable), family extended with arrangement living term long havea found (whereyoungpeople relationships family extended in breakdown a home, family the 4. 3. 2. 1. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Kaumatua (“Elder”) Kaumatua Pakeke (“Adult”) (“Youth”) Rangatahi Tamariki (“Child”) housing rental private seeking when discrimination based age facing Tenancy the going through and without TribunalAgreements rights, or aware being tenancy of Tenancytheir sign automatically to unable 18 of age the under people Young too but parents allowances their student studylink receive young to by unsupported were who 18 of age the under people Young cards) payment (with payments financially struggling parent young or payments youth on people Young 17 of age at the care old Young years state exiting people orTraining) Employment, Education, in (Not group age indicator NEET the of emergence the and education formal of ending The 11 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 12
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? currently offer them”. offer currently we what than service sophisticated more of level higher a need services those of users the often and does as deliberately, often a result of Government policy, pay actually less than the full cost of services, government “the that replied he To which provision. service for consequence adverse with services, a reforms during welfare asked on report was Commission’s whether Finance the Government Productivity faces incentives to with contracts underfund NGO’s of the for the of delivery of social Minster findings and the on Zealand debate New parliamentary of Minister Prime Deputy English, Bill –29 2015 April Report Commission Welfare –Productivity Reforms city. the in issue the for address to need urgent the North stating services social Palmerston of majority in overwhelming an despite homelessless people, young address to strategy government local no currently is There dependency. benefit and care health as such areas on homelessness as such issues of outcomes young and people, save the that togovernment attempt expenditure on addressfinancial the significant for outcomes on impact would that strategy intevention early and prevention a for need the despite level, government central a on homelessness addresses that framework policy no currently is There Government Local and Central good of lack history, credit history, employment. of criminal lack and references by impacted often eligibility their with housing, social for Tenancy eligible be the to options for other all need exhaust must the people Young ratified. addressed people young and get to Tribunal old) years 18 under were they if (particularly companies rental property and landlords by discrimination faced a they that needing stated and people young Many Guarantor. 18, of age the under Agreements Tenancy signing in people young for difficulty the is 17, of age the at care state of ‘aging-out’ the experiencing youngarosepeople for that gap the to Tied Signing aTenancy Agreement own their support. family-like or family manage without to difficulties and education ready relationships, finances, be to unlikely are people 17,young or 16 of age the ‘by that suggested of (2001) research The Yates difficult. very care) was their of duration over the homes foster many in or to on transition manage that knew trying their own someone who been placed having (after had, suggested often the experienced themselves had who with, spoke we that people young The Watkins. Oatley- Linda by written Independence to Passport the including transition, that support to initatives of range a have They 17th birthday. their on independence to them the transition to from old, 15care, years of age state in people young their with work North Palmerston in Family and Youth Child, 2001). (Yates, for them’ outcomes long-term the about known is little very and population, hidden and small very ‘a are nationwide people Yatesyoung these that North. suggested Palmerston in deprivation housing experiencing people young on policy this of impact a for longer timeframe our we report would would have liked to have spent more time the researching 17, of Given age atthe Zealand. New in discharged Care being Leaving Swim: or when Sink in Zealand Deborah Yates wrote in 2001 of the significantissues facing youngpeople in state care in AotearoaNew Youth –Child, Care ofState Out Aging Family and North Palmerston for Young on Housing Insecurity Impacts People in Key Research Policy and Region (2009) MidCentral of the Children’s the of Commissioner, 2010). (Office old) 18 vote years to enrol to eligibility of age the 17 care old, years state from exit of age the old, 16years drive to age the old, 16years consent of age the example: (for statutes different in ages The Report also acknowledged the in inconsistencies the definitionof ‘child’through the use of different their wellbeing. to of being keyimportance children for housing with New Zealand, in issue significant was it 2015, February social services), with fivethat (through later,acknowledged consultation years wasstillto of 2014child poverty December from (UNCROC) Child the of Rights the on Convention Nations United the for Report Periodic Fifth Zealand’s New for period consultation public the During housing. adequate health food and of life, neccesities basic and the education, of living, standard an adequate adequate services, social to access care, to rights basic the the include on rights Convention These Nations (UNCROC). Child United the the of under Rights covered are old years 18 of age the under Children from protection additional for need abuse. and exploitation the and vulnerability their to due rights increased have people young and children additionally, and adults, as rights human basic same the to right havefundamental a is an Children and issue of homelessness young According rights. human people to Nations, the United Child (UNCROC) Convention ofthe Nations Rights on the United community. the in live independently to connectedness social with issue an and skills, issues living practical the and personal Namely, basic of lack a North. circumstances, family fromPalmerston arising in issues housing with people young of spectrum the across our shown what has align with research from the report group of the recommendations young people, target of athe needs around specifically focussed was report this While 2009). young(Katene, people’ for options housing term short appropriate age no is ‘there that stated report The whanau. their and needs addiction and health mental with people young with work to services, support of engagement recommendations that included the made need for report short The term housing region. for Midcentral young the people in with the collaborative services accommodation supported in gaps identified and the towards targeted accommodation needs of supported young adults (18-25specifically years) was and health with mental needs, addiction 2009, in Booard Health District Central Mid the for prepared for The Accommodation Services Scoping Young on Report Supported Adults in Region the Midcentral Scoping streets” “There isan immediate need to get the kids off Report (Alane Nilsen PNCC) on Supported Accommodation Services for Young Adults in the 13 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Findings from Interviews Social Services, Alternative Education Providers, Churches and Members of Parliament
1. 93.75% of social services interviewed for the study indicated that there is an identifiable need for emergency housing provision in the city of Palmerston North for young people.
2. The same number of social services indicated that for young people with housing insecurity, there is a need to address not only the immediate housing issue, but to address the holistic causes of housing insecurity. Housing insecurity is an outcome of a range of complex situations/needs.
14 3. A small but signifcant number of services interviewed indicated that they were aware of cases 14 of young people being taken home within the service (when it was not their policy to do so) simply as a solution at that time, for that person in crisis, in the absence of adequate emergeny housing for young people.
4. Housing overcrowding is a large problem for young people in Palmerston North. There are many cases of young people who are engaged with social services and alternative education, living in overcrowded living conditions.
5. Many services are working in silos, and although there is collabortive engagement between services, more needs to be done to address the housing needs of young people:
“Why is more collaboration not happening? –[there are] so many different philosophies from all different services on what they see needs to be done....there is a moral aspect…a different ethos”.
“Things need to change, every service seems to be working as silos. We are struggling to meet the increasing demand for services on our limited resources”.
6. Several services suggested that there is some referral to accommodation providers that they believe are not appropriate housing solutions for young people and in some cases, are detrimental to their wellbeing. These referrals are made through the need to refer them to somewhere, although in the knowledge that these places are unsuitable for young people to be living.
7. Every social service indicated that a lack of resources and funding impacts on their service delivery for young people.
“Social services are contract compliant – they need to change the system to be more responsive to the
Young People Facing Housing DeprivationYoung in Palmerston North: A Crisis? people that need it”.
8. There is a real need to review the entire support system for young people.
9. There is an additional need to address the requirement of a wrap around service that addresses life skill development.
“Having a house is the basis but where and what is the rest? – How can they continue looking after themselves?”
30 out of 32 social services in semi-structured interviews. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 10. 15. and giving of belonging of sense a receiving”. themselves, than bigger something of part a feel to need people “Young 14. 13. point”. this to them led have that things of list long a of end the at often is it housing like things for help for ask people young “When aproblem”. as services to homelessness with present not do youth as housing and/ortransitional emergency youth for need known well a not is “There 12. lives”. their build most people which on basis “the relationships”…. opportunities, finance, jobs, careers, training, “education, 11. Using volunteering in the community as a building block for future employment, training and and training employment, future for block building a education as community the in volunteering Using for help ask to where Knowing community the in networks Building engaged and connected Being lifeskills of lack Intergenerational physical/wellbeing and health Mental dependence) employment/benefit of (lack insecurity Economic rent of Unaffordability references of Lack history Poor credit convictions Criminal young parents for being Discrimation agencies rental and managers from property –particularly discrimination Age housing requiring young people to leading relationships family in A breakdown belonging of sense no with from community, Disengagement ortraining employment education, in engagement orno Little role modelling positive of alack and issues Intergenerational assault) (theft, disengagement and poverty of crimes with offending of risk The family for their and for young people both issues health rolemental of The abuse rolesubstance of The abuse and/or sexual violence domestic of for young people experience The people who experience housing insecurity: housing experience who people following the of escalation an be to seen is There young people in Palmerton North. Palmerton in people young are There through community wider the in include: benefits the people volunteering, young engaging of Importance lives: their of The impact Barriers to Accessing Housing: Accessing to Barriers Identified hidden. being as homelessness youth of issue the discussed services social Most long term implications of not addressing the housing insecurity of of insecurity housing the addressing not of implications term long housing deprivation of young people influences all other areas of areas allother of influences young people deprivation housing for young for factors risk contributing 15 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 16
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? (Darroch Member of Parliament, Ball, NZ First) with the same issues” adultbecomean you reasonsdifferentthen for help get can’t that person young a are you “If Mani Kingi 2013 Kingi Mani Accommodation Stable housing needs and deprivation in comparison to the 15 participants aged 20 years old and above. and old years 20 aged 15 the to participants comparison in deprivation and needs housing It is also evident here that under the age of with 20, there is a much higher of percentage young talking people facing in being evident surveys age. been discharge our group age maystate be linked in the this to deprivation housing that also to participants, survey has due it be However, may programmes. this education bracket, alternative age in year completed 17 the in aged people young for support housing the in gap a is there that see to clear was it survey the in part took that participants Fromthe we visited that this men, study is young heavily influenced bythefor engagedin gender demographic the educationprogrammes alternative deprivation housing of prevalence the acknowledged services social female. most as While identified participants of 66.2% survey, Accommodation’ Stable Supported in not and Housing ‘ the in participated that people young 45 the Of Young Findings Youth of Survey People who are Experiencing Difficulty Young People who are Experiencing Difficulty with their their with Difficulty Experiencing are who People Young with their Housing and not in Supported 17 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 18
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? (Laurel Melbourne START) resilience in amongst astounding adversity” “Youth bring with them their of history incredible environment. sleeping deprived or further unstable, unsafe, other and rough sheds, friends in a large number of this group that ticked the other box that stated they usually sleep on friends couches, usually 20.5% sleep somewhere not listed above. here, In our in with youngdiscussions our evident people who survey participated (13.6%). As before night the slept they where to opposed (4.5%) friends with whanau. There is also seen to be stay a decline usually in the who number of people young young people of who 18.2% usually sleep at the their to opposed them with spoke we before night the homes they sleep. usually Here you can see that there is a from decrease 27.3% of where youth and who stayed at night whanau one on stayed people young where contrast and compare to seen be can graph This them we before spoke with night the whanau of at amember stayed had survey our in part 27.3%of home, their parents’ young than that took rather living people whanau with of the participants or homes as homes, family claiming their own. Zealand There a is also high number evidence suggesting New Housing boarding, friends, with flatting properties, rental way, of through may be form some this This represents chart a high number of young people that have acquired and stayed in their own home in their identify people data. statistical on which representation that of in influence the and ways ethnicity different the acknowledge to important is in It deprivation North. housing Palmerston experiencing are who rangatahi of over-representation an reflects chart This be will research the of fullness Investigation’ the for Further on ‘Recommendations under document this in later discussed impact the and frame time research acknowledgement the The of prison. or contraints the facility of Justice Youth a exiting people young more and care, state exiting people young more interviewed have to likedhave would we frames time extended Given NB: have issues deprivation. housing of experiencing of for young people risk the increase to types found been These situation. living current their of cause a was violence family and/or abuse Evidence occurred of of overlapping 12.5% housing determinants that stated deprivation. of participants of young who were This mayhousing. people result asked also to be leave22.5% the linked with home. theas breakdowns with whanau providers awho social service with identified riskto youngand people conducted interviews North’ in on Palmerston Deprivation Housing Perspectives Service to the ‘Social linked be can extended) or immediate (either members family with relationships in breakdown A 30%. fromhas resulted second atproblems cause among whanau highest of respondents housing deprivation overcrowding.The to due deprivation housing facing are 32.5% survey, the to respondents 45 the Of A of determinant significant housing fordeprivation youngpeople in isNorth Palmerston overcrowding. . 19 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 20
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? unwell alot). physically be to claimed that participants of 22.2% the (including issues wellbeing and health mental housing), (including deprivation of forms overlapping to interrelated be may which issue health along ranging a full of issues. 24.4%spectrum health mental are using alcohol or other drugs mental of form some facing are with met we people young the of 22.2% here. represented are people young These not. are who number significant but small a is there systems, various the within are thriving and well doing are housing people young when of majority outcomes the Although factor. education risk postive contributing a is with insecurity struggle forms) varying its (in deprivation housing facing younghowever is It people that evident programmes. Accommodation’ Education Alternative within Stable our meetings Supported in not and Housing their with Difficulty Experiencing are the completed who youngof participants number the of representative is graph This home. astrangers cases some in and sheds, cars, in streets, the on sleeping of inclusive fully is which recently rough sleeping reported respondents our of 15.2% However friends. with stay occassionally to choosing but live, to stable somewhere having include to interpreted been had environment, question the that or changing ever an not was sleep usually they where before or survey night their the in stayed participated they they where meaning recently, stayed had they else nowhere was stated there simply that category this within many and recently stayed have they places other reported people young of 39.4% friends. with staying people young of 66.7% and times recent in surfing couch people young of 24.2% with here demonstrated is North Palmerston within people young of transience The ‘Young People who ‘Young who People Mani Kingi 2013 Kingi Mani survey though though survey of having to be reassessed at each service, of having to ‘retell’ their story and not having their issues way.issues aholistic in approached their having not and story their ‘retell’ to having of service, each stress at the reassessed of be follow, to to having of expected were they processes the the all understanding not of burden, a or insignificant feel to made of being or to supported, listened of not being had experiences young people people received from or young government agencies government with most contracted departments services, services the to as questioned When representation. statistial this from varied significantly was of lack perceived of services result additional from help the a regarding data as Anecdotal issues. weretheir address to time and resources services these with found people young that issues Any with. engaged currently were they that service providers/social education alternative the or YOSS as such is It helpful. was services from received of the young to peopleservices they that this acknowlege sought number is significantly reflective important services the that stated respondents of majority The hospital. services, alcohol and drug services, recreational family, extended and friends YMCA, providers, edcuation Alternative included: of support types Other needs. their wellbeing to address for people call young of port are asignificant (YOSS) Shop Stop One the that Youth here evident also is It support. from financial for help START WINZ sought and actively have who participants our of 30.8% and 33.3% North with level Palmerston national within a on people and young to available services of kinds the of illustrative is graph This Background Gayle Moana Johnson 2013 Johnson Moana Gayle Background 21 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 22
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 3. 2. 1. Discrimination 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Services 4. 3. 2. 1. Benefits Survey Participants YouthAnecdotal Data: This form of discrimination has led to many young many to led accommodation. havingunstable and rough, has sleeping surfing, couch people discrimination of form This Maori”. I’m because drugs do must around, guys have ‘must and mum young a was I because NO up Straight – age my of because declined but Some young facing people also many identified formsof atdiscrimination once ayoung mother” of being Some of the young people we spoke with are young parents and have had to face the when at [property] viewings, wouldn’t give me forms to apply for houses”. apply to wouldn’t me forms give viewings, [property] at when support support around housing forasanissue requiring people young identified been has forms in many varying Discrimination dying” Iam if hospital the go to “will so they much too them costing financially it to due GP registered a having not discussed also have Young people services. wellbeing and health for community resources of lack and underfunding the with to have they that and Young people identifiedthat many social servicesare overloadedwith the need in the community services” differing between of help structures “different the through future to they is whether with the engage delivery service or fundamental service in other services the by that youngidentified people It been has wasgood”. not service the left [practitioner] she “when but with dealt they different with that etc., experiences practitioners, professional workers, good social workers, case have the to due services did support they that identified also have people young Many there”. the community within services the of knowledge of lack a identified with spoke we people young the of Many you”. treat Idon’tthey weren’t way it for us. the like “ as such themselves towards feel they attitudes the and in” are been have they though as feel Young people for everyone”. good –not categorised identifying people young of correlation high benefit of form some stated on also be many however, to situations their in necessity the indicated also people Young system; the see they which wayin the through system the in a issue as key people by young identified been has This dishonest away”. turned and as oflying accused you are truth them you’ve the when told saw system beneficiary the like feeling young of issue many the to deprivation, spoke and people needs housing surrounding people young with speaking When “The good people miss out”. miss people good “The though as feel they “Support services need So to services be many more teens advertised. have “Support no idea what is out “The system is made for people to lie to get what they need and require”. and need they what get to lie to people formade is system “The to get an appointment. This can be seen to be associated associated be to seen be can This appointment. an get to ages” for “wait “People “People treating me like a child when I am not a child” “I wish I didn’t have to depend on a benefit”, benefit”, a on depend to have didn’t I wish “I “it is really hard to ask for “it is really help when I and need that it” “made to feel terrible for being in the situation [they] situation the in being for terrible feel to “made “Payment cards [being] embarrassing” and “you get get “you and embarrassing” [being] cards “Payment . you wouldn’t be living right now if if now right living wouldn’tbe you This may be due to a to due be may This and and “age discrimination “Searched housing “Searched “stereotypes “stereotypes “Even “Even Thus Thus without it” without it” is nearly impossible to build the rest of your life “Housing is afundamental source of security, it 4. 3. 2. 1. Housing couch surfing”. surfing”. couch difficulties, sleeping rough and deprivation, needs, housing friends having other identify to able were many which in way the through people young for housing of form some for need the identified and established also to spoke we that people young The irresponsible”. are people young all that idea the have “people that us” for opportunities housing [ruining] “Student’s to due to feeling a need to is home leaving for reasons the that have identified youngparents are who youngpeople Some easy”. needs housing of experience their from stating person young one with have difficulty situations housing these in people that young identified been also has It experience” and references you need jobs, like employment and housing finding to Young a correlation have identified people (Iain Lees-Galloway -MP for(Iain Palmerston Lees-Galloway North) “[leave] environments we didn’t want our children to live in” and state that due “Even knowing what to do wasn’t do to what knowing “Even “I have three friends currently currently friends three have “I Gayle Moana Johnson 2013 Johnson Moana Gayle “Housing is much much is “Housing 23 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 24
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Utilising Service) the (Statistics and Percentages of Groups Age Housing Advice Centre – 20-30yr olds and under 20yr of total Percentage service sought the people who number of Total olds of 20-30yr Percentage (individuals) 20 – 30 year olds of under 20 Percentage (individuals) Under 20
124 29.8% 37 8% 10 37.8% ‘14 Oct 30.7% ‘14 Nov 104 28.8% 30 1.9% 2 82 35.3% 29 1.9% 1 37.2% ‘14 Dec 42.8% ‘15 Jan 175 36% 63 6.8% 12
‘15 Feb 26.4% 187 22.9% 43 6 3.5% ‘15 March 37.5% 160 30% 48 12 7.5% ‘15 April 16.9% 130 14.6% 19 3 2.3% ‘15 May 22% 267 20.2% 54 5 1.8%
‘15 June 26% 165 23.6% 39 4 2.4%
‘15 July 34.4% 175 31.4% 55 7 4% ‘15 Aug 28.6% 167 25.1% 42 6 3.5% ‘15 Sep 29.2% 181 26.5% 48 5 2.7% 19.1% ‘15 Oct 146 17.1% 25 3 2% term, most people don’t want to be homeless, and living in a long-term shelter is still a form ofhomelessness”. aform still is shelter along-term in living and don’t homeless, be people want to most term, that is safe”. something money? accessing people “A don’t of lot young stops people have any money,that a barrier money is basic the access to able be to when meant they a cannot necessities afford newspaper to find or housing, have accessto people ashower whenthey have no are How $2.00”. costs shower $1.60…a costs newspaper a issues: financial particularly housing, adequate need”. This can statement also be to inter-related the barriers that young people to experience attaining themselves, help to people for order in people to information giving is service their in role main their that states Centre Advice Housing The Fixed and students Agreements. flats, from Term on released being with problems being flats, leaving focus main the with year each of February and November in students of influx an Another key demographic within these age groups are The students. Housing Advice Centre has noticed move. to wish they when issues unwanted to lead can which are signing they not aware what of are they that housing into get to desperate so are people many that emphasised been also has It who around can information sign Guarantors Tenancy on or behalf with the Agreements young person. gives Centre Advice Housing the that stated also They Tenancy Agreements, about service advice legal ask their to using workers social identified also has Centre Advice Housing The apply housing. to for access online internet resources/funding, of lack Agreements, Tenancy around legislation support, The main issues facing these two age groups as byidentified The Housing Advice Centreis age,financial service. their has utilise that of individuals group demographic theasbiggest age Centre Advice theHousing by identified also been year 20-30 the and (but support housing small require a who are olds individuals of year 20 percentage under significant) above, provided As on. statistics collect they groups age two the into of fits and research our in identified been has that their demographic with people young engage the that and groups service age the shows collects Centre Advice Housing the that statistics The and development social the through seen be can for children. outcomes educational This home. to home from move continuous by the impacted are children that recognised been has It children. being this society, wider in and North The Housing Advice Centre has also identified a keyimpact on an in demographic important Palmerston main a reason. any other as more than and service their with housing engage people that issue unstable identified has Centre Advice Housing The housing. surrounding services other and managers, property accommodation, emergency Zealand, New Housing as such providers in connection order internet for people (who don’t have access to these) to get in housing with contact or phone, newspaper, and issues, tenancy with tenants and landlords for support organisations), local housing their with support require who individuals that they provide Support needs. housing (which includes: lists are a twice updated week and to sent to 57 services offers Centre Advice Housing The Provision on Service Report Housing Advice Centre If Palmerston North If were North Palmerston to have a form of accommodation emergency “it should not be long “there’s a big gap between what I can give them and what they they what and them give can I what between gap big a “there’s “I see people living on the streets who have no money… no have who streets the on living people see “I 25 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 26
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Durie’sUsing Mason Sir Te Tapa Whare Wellbeing and Health Wha Model People Deprivation on Young The Impacts Housing of • • • • • • • • • • Te Taha Whanau progress and employment their children in environments they don't want parents new partners networks and wider communiHes Substance abuse in family Adverse effect on educaHonal Many young mums leave Impact on young people of Transience - changing of support IntergeneraHonal issues/conflict Whanau mental health/disability Social isolaHon/social exclusion Cut off from family networks Whanau breakdown
Durie, M. (1994). Using Sir The Impacts of Housing Deprivation on Young People Mason Durie’s Te Whare Tapa Wha Health and Wellbeing M Whaiora: Maori Health Development • • • • • • • • • • Te Taha Tinana Lack of personal hygiene Increased risk of cardiovascular disease Increased risk of respiratory diseases Cold/sleep deprivaHon DomesHc violence Sexual idenHty Substance abuse Increased risk of survival crimes (ie. theR) IIncreased risk of prosHtuHon NutriHonal deficiencies/hunger • • • • • • • • • • • Te Taha Hinengaro Increased sense of fear/insecurity Low self esteem - geMng categorised Impulsive behaviour Sleep disrupHon Aggression Substance abuse - coping mechanism Other mental health condiHons Self-harm Increased risk of suicide Anxiety Depression . Auckland: Oxford University Press • • • • • Te Taha Wairua wider spiritual way reintroduced into their life? nature/water) they get to these places? (ie. makes the individual centred - can holisHc balance DisrupHon to their health in a Need for culture to be Need for knowledge around what Need to reconnect to wairua for DisrupHon on educaHon
odel
leading cause in our data collection to housing deprivation), financial situations, breakdowns within within breakdowns situations, financial deprivation), housing to collection data our in a cause (being overcrowding leading from ranging issues of range wide a concluded have factors accommodation. underlying with These help for asking of to list them long led has a that of life person’soutcome young a final in the factors is underlying housing that recognised been also has it North, Palmerston in young people with needs of housing forms various the discussing and From meeting homelessness. and is youth for not only facing that need the Accommodation young to is thrive not people to just survive. From meeting with various accommodation services in the social sector it has also come to our attention have people youngis a requirement. there identified these needs of range the for care, supportive and holistic with them provide can workersocial and a youth worker. wouldthat of young This connect support services type with people a from advocacy and support include would people young these for accommodation emergency ideal an North, Palmerston into introduced was people young for accommodation emergency of form a If fromage. ayounger accommodation emergency needed young people these of some that collected, we data the from recognised was it 16, of age the over become people young from data has collect it city the in accommodation emergency other apparent that there is a of gap in the area homelessness for criteria young people. weAlthough ethically could only varying the to Due North. Palmerston in needed is people young for shelter emergency an that is havewe that recommendation a research, our from Conclusive organisations. community of approach collaborative a from support around wrap and support, work social with people young for Establish shelter hour 24 emergency an Establish 4. and/or child a surrounding services wouldutilised. be approach centred achild of young person sharing and collaborating Through share to information. need and the acknowledges services and agency government single one with lie and not children does protecting people of young responsibility the that stated is for it which need in the way the through identified collaboration has (2014) Act Children’s Vulnerable The deprivation. housing predisposing service to young who individuals require housing but also the required support for the issues underlying social of support the requiring schools, services, as Rangitane people mana and whenua, young Iwi. of Collaboration is needed needs to provide the a wraparound fulfil to order Collaboration in Services Social needed is Collaboration 3. from 17 21 of age of raised be the old. to old years discharge years age the that imperative is It care. state from Zealand New Aotearoa in people young of discharge and support the receiving to of age the address to open keyimportance for. of is agency It or still organisation an is haveapproached they help person young the where timeframe a within youngand a to person, support and care of model holistic a provide to collaboratively, work which can to or are extent services the address to vital is It sector. social the within experiences and needs individual’s and on impact to togetherness seen been have which silos compliant community contract in working are organisations Community establish to order goal. in acommon work towards to organisations and agencies community various within required collaboration are changes Funding funding Required Changes Governmental Governmental 2. development youth a within Zealand. New Aotearoa in young of people value the recognises individuals that framework young for support of levels differing with required, is needs Framework Young for aUnified Establish Needs PeopleHousing with “One size all” is fits not going to work for which everyone, is why a framework addressing youth housing 1. Recommendations an Emergency 24 hour Shelter for Young People – A Wraparound Service 27 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 28
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? of the young person (risk factors). young person the of areas identify of (protective factors) strength and areas that may have a negative impact on the wellbeing forto the young and person the give practitioner the opportunity Assessments and HEADSS Rosen, 2004). (Goldenring Spirituality and Safety, Education/Employment, Suicide/Depression, Sexuality, Home, Drugs, group), includes (peer which Activities process psychosocial this risk and using factors assessed protective are positive both havefactors may that life person’s a in areas of range The first clients. the from begin assessing when follow can can practitioners that care document assessment a is to Assessment approach HEADSS meeting. holistic a accommodation, emergency the accesses that It is recommended further that by tool Assessment utilising for HEADSS the pre-existing each individual needs. housing to predisposing and to relating needs underlying of the areas forneed along with various young the needs and housing with their people ask for support people who have housing needs that may not require housing but emergency advice on where to go and It is also that recommended could accommodation this emergency act as a of port central call for young beneficiary services, wellbeing and health support. employment and education, services, mental care, medical advice, mediation, accommodation, homelessness, youth advocacy, reducing to tool effective services an be The can which care. mediation family provide wraparound provide that to services to access include ideally services would care wraparound collaborative provide social to recommended multiple with collaboration through is wellbeing and welfare to approach systematic a accommodation of recommendation this within silos; in working sector social that the in services discussions many to led have our which compliant in contract are evident services social been has it Although responsibility. and adulthood for people young prepare to process developmental wellbeing, maintaining to critical values and skills life of knowledge the address to begin to needed housing needs of youngis people in the city. bedrooms This wouldwho would include staff pass on 6 intergenerational to 5 of house emergency an that recommended is It forms. varying its in abuse and issues, wellbeing and health mental whanau, Establish 5. It may also be of benefit to have information available to young people utilising the transitional transitional the utilising of people areas different young of taste to a get to available order in community, information the in have volunteering as to such accommodation, benefit of be also may It that information. current with online, updated and to added be could be ideally would resource This etc. driver, licenced a becoming of process the beginning about go to how furnishings, and appliances household hire to where items, what household work to things, how these circumstances, for differing suit bills may pay contracts different to how and like how look Agreements Tenancy etc., different internet, power, acquire to how budgeting advice, as benefit such information skills, are: independence to transitioning people young for interest of areas required the guide, to acquiring how the and Within housing. to housing, aside an of as need may manual person young a to support how suitable a as established be Oatley-Watkins, Linda by written of the that to similar a guide that suggested is it recommendation this Within environments. living in responsibility about learning of nature supported semi the through independence full to transition to youngpeople for tool a as act would house transitional This it. need they if help and support advice, for the to in go to people house young the transitional for call of port a as act would shelter emergency The process. tenancy the house It there would is this that within transitional recommended for be support young people through independence. full into transition to begin and skills life their develop to them allows that environment The house wouldtransitional be for young people who require some to support live in independently an transitional environment. for asemi-independent in housing need who need for young people housing the is recommendation further a recommendation; first the from on Following Transitional Accommodation for Young People – A ‘Passport to Independence to ‘Passport Wraparound Service ’ are struggling to are findduethat housingthe withintoNorth struggling suitable ofcity agePalmerston 25 and various other of age the under people young also are there however stages, developmental life differing to This is as recommendation made it hesitantly may not apply to all young people under the age of 18 due in court. ratified unless aTenancy sign to Agreement unable are still thus and placement, CYF 17 they from become discharged the Child, Youth, and (CYF), Family are to unable stay living their with at whereby care, state in people young of age discharge the with interconnected also is This them. for work will feel they that something is independently living where life their in point a havereached they of young people under the age of 18 have a level of surrounding maturity their individual life when stages Throughout our discussions and data collection with young people it has become evident that a number housing the within opportunities equal North. and Palmerston of sectors self-respect self-determination, for working for needs we havepeople’syoung have services with spoken and identified The youngsocial people Agreements. Tenancy sign to unable are who people young of group age the for available is community the within forYoung Housing Accessible Establish Live to Independently People Seek who It is recommended that more accessible housing for young people who are wanting to live independently 7. wellbeing. holistic their on influences positive has then which relationships, of healthy re-establishment culture, their with in touch back young person the of getting process the begins Hui Whanau The of wellbeing. areas other the on repercussions causes then which of is there breakdown a it in when is Wha person’sthat one seen part an it imbalance causes wellbeing TapaTe Whare of model Durie’s Mason at look we If suffering. is that person young the of wellbeing cultural the be to tends it holistically because recommendation, this for required is mentor cultural A and belonging. relationships of has home, an individual is upon the feelings based This recommendation of idea the towards feeling belonging. of aplace positive thus ‘home’ and a felt never have people young some which in way the through and Hapu, their Whanau, Iwi, and within a home or place of belonging. This correlates with our findings a sense establishes of and it respect that a appreciation further belonging, young person may feel within possible, is relationship the within thinking of way this of re-establishment the If protected. be, should positive influences which belonging of sense and and health their Hapu, mental youngwellbeing. Iwi is, Whanau, or taonga identify people as a taonga, with them provides it identity cultural strong a have and culture their within identify to able is individual an when proventhat is It Iwi. and Hapu, Whanau, We their the young within person the use recommend reconnects which Hui of approach the Whanau people’s lives. young in factors protective housing positive be to addressing found been haveintiative relationships any healthy as to people, young crucial for as this recommend we involved parties all for mana and enhancing empowering healthy, safe, holistically is that way a in re-established be can relationships If of a is a as breakdown whanau. in the consequence deprivation housing of facing young number people We of due relationships to recommend the the findingsre-establishment in our datathat a suggest high relationships positive and with whanau parents, and supportive where networks support a breakdown healthy, in the relationship may of have occurred. re-establishment the is Relationships Re-Establishing recommendation further A 6. etc. clubs, interest to specific gyms, studios, creative teams, e.g. sports community wider the and with have interests, similar who others with people connect they which in way the through factors protective useful are Hobbies etc. clubs, activities, events, community on information provide to people young to benefit of be also it may such as volunteering, community the within services utilising with Along Vitae. Curriculum their to add and referees attain and sets skill new acquire to able being employment, and careers possible 29 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 30
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? people in the city face due the housing needs and deprivation they are facing. are facing. they deprivation and needs housing the due face city young the in people instability and transience the address help would This discrimination. situational and age from well for)known is is safe set that youngup. have to This wouldaccess housing that people mean easier sois North (that Palmerston young population the support to are willing that of landlords a list where city, the within scheme structure Landlord Friendly a for need a is there that recommended also is It needed. when support and help for to go to someone and stability of sense a with people young provide will the young person to see how they are doing on a basis weekly to begin with and this decrease gradually with in check worker social a as such To continuity. someone have and availability, accountability, this and a whanau, with their other relationship parents, parent stable figuresthat provide would otherwise have not do needs housing facing young people Often independence. to journey their throughout with have someone to be to accountable such as the social worker who they may have formed a relationship they that community the within independence into moving younga forperson that recommended is It education, of insecurity insecurity, of future wellbeing. and health a income, employment, but insecurity, housing only not in resulted has that hardship and marginalisation discrimination, of forms overlapping haveexperienced who strength, and resilience their with people, young these is It problem. larger a of representative only is with speaking of weof young that number The had privilege people small the them. are against working ‘systems’ the their but meet to It is that is small them. failing young these inside needs of basic daily who people a believe large infrastructure that a struggling are who is and there thriving, not are who structures, people young cultural of number political significant economic, social, educational, current succeeding are the North within Palmerston in people young many while that, acknowledge to like would We a be to insecurity. portrayed orhousing homelessness experiencing by those choice inaccurately personal often is and influences, varied many of outcome for an is (particularly people) young homelessness that is study, the of duration the throughout apparent became What home. the within living is individual an when comes time the until or at all may lack which insulation houses not at on be rental signing Tenancythe apparent viewing Agreements facing are individuals whereby greatly North, Palmerston in vary so much very and standards Zealand New Aotearoa Housing within standards. housing of that is this, within recommendation further A range. price orsimilar same the in housing orother rentals student maythey be offered age only their to due but home a rent family to is looking a youngIf parent house. than areby due byindividual charged to rather way the flats greatly roomin many which student differ requiring and wanting are who higher homes quality than those of people Thestudent flats. prices of young studentopposed rentals to family rentals to accessible more is housing that recommended is It North. Palmerston in students of Age reasons. is a major when factor it comes to the housing needs of young people due to the turnover services and information. information. and services support, advice, provide regular to advocates their and youngpeople with meet will Affairs Internal of relevant where Network) housing, Youth of and Development the Social Department the alcohol Ministry and drug addiction, education, health, justice, Palmy mental health, of the services the at example: for Foundation, agencies, of Home representatives professional Open the of Voice discussed framework Joanne conceptual by the (using Group’ ‘Advisory an of forYoung Group Advisory ofan establishment Establishment People the advocate We 8. 3. 2. 1. forYoung Housing Positive ofAddressiong Unstable Outcomes People city. the within organisations and services social of users the benefit could that concepts development service Group]Advisory is that it of gapswould in the provision identification generate service and may inform sector.the social a Resource [from or Panel for establishing Sector The the Social progressive impacts between people way]young some [in prevent accountability may of organisations and professionals generation the Group, Advisory or Panel Resource a establishing by that Voice Joanne identified also in meeting. has one organisations from goal multiple same by the achieving collected sectors community be within resources to the also but situation person person’s young the for young time save would the again ,which regarding information significant the all for place one generate also would it process this Through organisations. community in people young assessing and on energy behalf of the young person to achieve a lot of the process administrative involved in accessing needs. This is conceivable through the way in which the Advisory Group would allow for short bursts of young people the time and of energy to trying findan that organisation fits the criteria oftheir individual a ofsaving key validation identified Group has The Resource or of premise this forming Advisory Panel for ayoung person. point this to led that factors predisposing and underlying of multitude a is there not than often more but first needs younghousing may with people present the report, this within discussed previously As in instance. homeless become them saw that issues the address to person young a alongside also walking has Voice Joanne in. support require may without young people or re-home to, provide to naïve housing they would it extremely be that emphasised areas and needs issues, the address to needs, housing with present may who people, young allow would it for), support provides sector social the Through having of (representatives relevant professionals from agencies areas the of multitude differing again. time and time retell to has young person the where services, with re-assessments the and organisations, between drifting ever the out, referral of process the during experience they struggle the as identifed have people young what address to designed is It situation. their immediate address and the person young a of needs meet to envisioned is Panel Advisory This needs. person’s young a of criteria the fits organisation needs their if services their and offer to available being issues group advisory the within the providers service different of Group, way by addressed, Advisory be can needs this housing facing be through may who that person young a Voice surrounding Joanne by envisioned been has It housing needs of young people, these statistics may drop and therefore resources spent on on spent resources may decline. demographic for this therefore areas these and drop may statistics these people, young of needs the housing addressing begins North Palmerston If abuse”. alcohol and drug and illness, mental crime, in within Palmerston North that are facing housing deprivation people the young which way in the identified representative agency service social One survive. the identify to needs immediate of order young people in and they the services wraparound may use need to thrive of not just be may recommended frameworks the that possible also is It lists. save waiting and resources would which currently, do they in as sofrequently addressed to be to needs housing referred their for order are they that services between drift not will people young that suggested also is It recommendation). shelter emergency the being (this required is cliff the of bottom the at suggested that young people may step forward and get the support required before the By it using toward preventative actions is housing for needs ambulance young North, in people Palmerston action. reactive than rather action preventative on focussed mainly are recommendations Our resources. of over-use future move couldprevent the apreventative of which that is City the The possible of benefits North addressingthe Palmerston housing needs of young people within “are the ones who are over-represented in in cracks” the through “falling story” “their 31 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 32
Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? People Growing Housing for Young Four IdentifiedAreas of • • • • • • • of their health and wellbeing services that provide holis Four Identified Areas of Growing Housing for Young People Rela whanau or not recrea Supported Living Youth Shelter/ Crisis/Emergency CONNECTING TO SOCIAL HEADSS ASSESSMENT HANDBOOK GUIDE TO LI EMPLOYMENT ADVICE TRAINING, EDUCATION, TRANSPORT AREAS, LOCATED AWAY F COSTS TO THE YOUTH PAYMENT GOES D CONNECT WITH START WITH WHANAU 1 ROOM ALWAYS 1 BEDROOM AS 5 STAFFED 24/7 BY SUPP AND ADVOCACY BY 1 CONNECT YOUNG PERSON DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HOUSE LAYOUT TO ENAB RISK ASSESSMENT RESPITE STAYS - - - 3 MONTHS STAY 6 BEDROOM HOUSE 3 NIGHT YOUTH WORKER AND CLOSE TO LOCAL SERVICE TO HELP FUND CRISIS STAY SOCIAL WORKER ROM AT RISK NEED ORT STAFF AND VI A CRISIS LE SERVICES IRECTLY NG BACK THE SOME ADVOCACY AND SU IN FOR A WEEKLY CHEC WITH A SOCIAL WORKER UNSUPPORTED ACCOMMOD 5 AND/OR TRAINING EMPLOYMENT, ENGAGEMENT WITH RECREATION/CLUBS VOLUNTEERING , SPORT COMM ENGAGE YOUNG PERSON 24/7 EMERG HOUSING CAN CALL THE PEOPLE IN THE TRANSI FOR ADVICE AND SUPPO TO GO FOR HELP KNOW WHO TO ASK AND MAKING SURE YOUNG PE Supported Living Transitional Independent/ - 6 BEDROOM HOUSE UNITY THROUGH ENCY SHELT EDUCATION ER ANY TIME TIONAL K IN S & RT YOUNG TO DROP OPLE WITH THE WHERE PPORT ATION Community Independence in the Complete EMPLOYMENT STUDYLINK LIVING COS PERSON/PARENT PAYMEN THROUG SIG ADVOCACY FOR YOUNG P CONTROL WHETHER THAT TION UNDER HAVE FINANCIAL SITUA DECREASE THESE TO MO WITH TO CHECK IN ONCE A W ACCOUNTABILITY AND HOUSING SUPPORT HEALTH, WELLBEING, F WHERE TO GO TO FOR S THE YOUNG PERSON WIL NING TENANCY AGREEME AND THEN GRADUALLY H A YOUNG - SOCIAL WORKER TS, OR INANCIAL, EEK TO BEGIN UPPORT NTHLY L KNOW IF NEEDED ERSON T BE NTS – 33 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 34 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? thinking for our Rangatahi” “We need to be encouraging destiny focused Missing: is Who expanded an given frame. domains time these in expertise and experiences the utilising by issue; the of account full a for addressed be to need would areas These contraints. time to due contact to unable to were we like would We (PNCSC). Council study,that the of outcomes the to input Services would have significant that had areas the of some acknowlege Community Massey North for placement Palmerston work the social our with of hours University 480 the by restricted was study our of scope The InvestigationFurther Recommendations for • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Gateway Church Gateway Church Legacy Centre Whanau Highbury Providers Education alternative Other UCOL) (in particular Providers Tertiary Other Forces Defence Zealand New Board) Health (District DHB MidCentral Organisation) Health Primary (Central PHO Central Youth Offenders participants) survey young people and (social service Community Deaf the of Representatives Services) Idea (in particular Services Disabled participants) survey people (young minorities Ethnic services) (social community Pasifika the of Representatives Ally) Intergender, Asexual, Intersex, Queer, Questioning, Transgender, Transsexual, Pansexual, Bisexual, Gay, (Lesbian, communities LGBPTTQQIIAA+ College). Boys High School, North Palmerston Girls High School, St. Peters High School, Queen Elizabeth North Freyberg Palmerston (Awatapu College, High School, North High schools in Palmerston Whenua Mana as Rangitane (Tessa Harrison Whakapai Hauora) 5(2), pp250-268. 5(2), pp250-268. Mythologies, Studies/Critical Homelessness’ of Creation Discursive The Home. Like Place No “There’s (2005). D. Pascale, Council. City North Palmerston New Zealand Parliament Library. (2014). Library. Parliament Zealand New Edition. Third Zealand. Walsh-Tapiata,& W. R. Munford, (2001). Change. for Strategies partnership-fund.pdf http://www.myd.govt.nz/documents/resources-and-reports/publications/youth-development- from (2014). Youth of Fund. Retrieved Development. Partnership Ministry Youth Development from Retrieved Table2008: Summary of Indicators. (2008). of Development. Social Ministry Council. City (2011).J. McDonald. Te Tangata. Sciences. Pukenga Kura Social and Humanitites of College University Working and Paper.Insecurity. on Housing Homelessness Perspective Sector Social North?: Palmerston (2013). R. Waldteufel-Irvine, & Tucker, M., C., Russell, D., Ryland, N., Jones, J., Hall, http://www2.aap.org/pubserv/psvpreview/pages/files/headss.pdf from: Retrieved Paediatrics. ‘ (2004). Rosen. & J.M. Goldenring, M(1994). Development Durie, Health Maori Whaiora: Press. University Oxford Auckland: Cheyne, C., M. O’Brien and M. Belgrave (1997) 46(9).Theory, from: Retrieved http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2014.931432 S. (2014).Ashton, of ‘The Rights Children and Young People in Care’.State In References: Palmerston North Community Services Council. (2015). Services Community North Palmerston http://www.pncc.govt.nz/media/2454862/social_housing_strategy__2015_.pdf (2015). from: Retrieved Council. Strategy. City Housing Social North Palmerston http://www.pncc.govt.nz/media/1897584/palmerston-north-youth-survey-2012-report-final.pdf from: Retrieved (2012). Report.. Youth Council. Survey City North Palmerston North Palmerston http://www.occ.org.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/7682/CCUNCROCREPORT_02.09.10.pdf 2010. Child of the from: Retrieved OCC). Rights the on (Wellington: Committee Nations United (2010). Children’s the Commissioner of Office Youth Child, Family. and North: Palmerston Development. Social of Ministry Independence. to Passport L. Oatley-Watkins, Parliament. Zealand Palmerston North: Palmerston North North Palmerston North: Palmerston Assessment. Needs Housing North Palmerston Getting into Adolescent Heads: An Essential Update’. In Contemporary Contemporary In Update’. Essential An Heads: Adolescent into Getting Children and Children Young of People: Wellbeing Indicators in New Zealand Homelessness in New Zealand. Zealand. New in Homelessness Social Social Policy in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Critical Introduction. Report of the New Zealand Children’s Commissioner to the the to Commissioner Children’s Zealand New the of Report : www.msd.govt.nz , Auckland: Oxford University Press University Oxford , Auckland: Social Wellbeing Forum Report. Social Wellbeing Forum Report. Community Development in Aotearoa/New Aotearoa/New in Development Community Research Paper. July 2014Paper. July Research New Educational Philosophy and Philosophy Educational Down and Out in in Out and Down Published byPublished the : . Cultural Cultural . Massey Massey 35 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 36 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Richards, S. (2008). (2008). S. Richards, Yates, D. (2001). ‘Sink or Swim Leaving Care in New Zealand’ New in Care Leaving Swim or ‘Sink (2001).D. Yates, Youth. United Nations of Department Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA). http://www.sustainabledevelopmentnetwork.com/pdf2/Plan%20and%20Manage%20 Projects%20-%20L4%20-%20LM%20-%20Content.pdf from: Retrieved Keystone. and Consortium AIDS Connections, Manual. Learner 4. The Development Practice Project. (2009). Zealand New Statistics Wellington: (2011). Zealand New Statistics definition.aspx http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/people_and_communities/housing/homelessness- from: Retrieved Zealand. Statistics New Zealand (2009). (2009). Zealand New Statistics Health. Public Regional Wellington: Homelessness. End to Coalition Zealand New 2008. Puna Whakaaro Puna Retrieved Retrieved from: http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/documents/youth/fact-sheets/youth-definition.pdf . Issue 16. 2001.. Issue July In conjunction with the Sustainability Institute and in partnership with Community Community with partnership in and Institute Sustainability the with conjunction In Homelessness in Aotearoa: Issues and Recommendations. Discussion Paper. Discussion Recommendations. and Issues Aotearoa: in Homelessness indicator. training or education, employment, in not youth the Introducing New Zealand Definition of Homelessness. Homelessness. of Definition Zealand New Plan Plan and Manage Distinct Community Development Projects Level Zealand. New of Journal Policy Social . Gayle Moana Johnson 2013 Johnson Moana Gayle Defintion of Youth.United Nations Wellington: Statistics New New Statistics Wellington: October October Te YOSS VRC UNCROC PNCSC PNCC PARS NZCEH MUSA MSD MBIE MAIN HNZC HIF DIA DHB CYFS CCC of Abbreviations Glossary Appendix One Youth Shop Stop One Volunteer Resource Centre Child the of Rights the on Convention Nations United Council Services Community North Palmerston Council City North Palmerston Society &Rehabilitation Prisoner’s Aid Homelessness End to Coalition Zealand New Association Students University Massey Development Social of Ministry &Employment Innovation Business, of Ministry Network Intervention Abuse Manawatu Corporation Zealand New Housing Fund Innovation Housing Affairs Internal of Department Board Health District Youth Services Child, Family and Church Community Christian 37 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 38 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Appendix Two VISION To offer our youth a place of belonging and hope for a a belonging of youth place our offer To future of promise and possibility PROJECT OBJECTIVE To study the feasibility of the feasibility study To uevsd eegny acmoain for youth in accommodation emergency supervised partnership with local social service providers. PURPOSE A youth emergency housing research proposal: • • Please feel free to contact us via email Liv Douglas: • Massey University Bachelor of Social Work Services Council. • To identify emergency housing the By meeting with By meeting North Palmerston community youth, groups, service rvdr n local council; research, analysing providers to recognise current and what youth. Determine to what extent the current housing on agency service provision and Establish potential Establish through information gathered youth from and profe with youth directly. barriers services [email protected] to accessing adequate social housing. are already being provided and where the positive outcomespositive : Amy Viles 3rd y needs . : ear [email protected] wellbeing establishing transitional establishing students for youth in Palmerston North and placement with outcomes for youth. to current service provision service current to issues Palmerston North Community ssionals who work for youth impact gaps are are for Possible outcomes 5. in place? currently is What 4. 3. Issues 2. 1. Form Questionaire Services Social Housing for Young People in Palmerston North Appendix Three you your abitabout Can us tell organisation? Impact Do they have housing set up for when they leave? they for when up haveset Do they housing leave? they when happens What your in service? stay someone can How long youth? with contact may into come your agency reason main the is What individual? an of wellbeing holistic the with in link it how and does important housing is Why to? provide support your agency does youth How many youth? to relate not ordoes relates it as your organisation about abit us you tell Can North? North? Palmerston within and/or possible feasible is homelessness youth eliminating Do you think homelessness? for youth outcomes possible of the of your gotHave any agency) context ideas you the (within Have you (within the context of your agency) got any ideas for solutions for youth homelessness? homelessness? youth combat to order in structures current change to orsolutions structures current to improvements be to needs there Do you think nationally? needs housing their meet to for youth done ornot done being already is What locally? needs housing their meet to for youth done ornot done being already is What agency? your within needs housing their meet to for youth done ornot done being already is What provision) (Service services? provide the to abilities agencies the on impact issues housing current To the do extent what youth? on impact issues housing current To the do extent what issue? housing current ayouth’s the on with impact wellbeing the is What etc.? term, long around, wrap as such services housing and/or different providing emergency services need you do think youth of group age What is? for youth housing for emergency need the you do think How common for youth? issues are the What accommodation? emergency and youth to barriers are the What 39 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 40 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? o Other friends o With rough o Sleeping surfing o Couch recently? else Have youanywhere stayed o Other situation o Flatting family o Non-biological services disability facility, justice o CYF, youth Prison, family/whanau extended siblings, e.g. relations– o Extended whanau/family o With parent/caregiver o Parent/step live? you did to use Where o Other –CYF, care Youth Prison from state Facility, o Discharge Justice violence o Abuse/family o Overcrowding and/or employment study in o Changes situation o Financial problems o Whanau problems o Relationship leave to home o Asked situation? this in areWhy you currently o Months o Weeks o Days situation? have this How in long you been sleep? you do usually Where night? last you did sleep Where Ethnicity: Age: Gender: Accommodation Stable not in Supported Housing their and with Difficulty are Experiencing Who Survey For Young People Appendix Four What kind of help or services do you wish were there for you that are not available now? available are not for you were that you there do wish orservices help of kind What Why? of o Kind o Were helpful? not they o Were helpful? they have you received? services of kinds What you on for support? relies Who help? you need when on you do rely Who o Other? town? in o New your language? as second o English unwell alot? o Physically numeracy)? and (literacy disability o Learning LGBTTIFQ+? as o Identify drugs? and/or alcohol other o Using anxiety)? and depression, low mood, (including health mental o Experiencing care? CYF in o Recently o Migrant/refugee? o Pregnant? o Ayoung parent? prison? of out o Recently (recently) police o Involved with o Working (paid)? acourse? oron school to o Going you:Are 41 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? 42 Young People Facing Housing Deprivation in Palmerston North: A Crisis? Green with fish with Green me. help to the used have of I outline a rainbow fishas(known aHere symbolof mytribe to labelled. chew trying through Tuwharetoa) the net and trapped felt I that symbolising ‘society’, representing is net The 2013 (Ng Johnson Gayle Moana myof family. support and shelter, protection the symbolise to korupatterns the around weaving the placed also I from and harvested Whakatipuria woven was to the emblematise of generations lives flax connected together. The side. spiritual and side physical a representing canvases two the hence spiritually, also an carrying Wahine. women strong onAs thewe idea wereflect are inthe notpresent onlyphysically of worldbut process the in still and Mana emphasise and women role of strong the assume to pregnancy myand women I used family child. unborn represents koru inner the myself, and mother grandmother, my of generations the symbolise korus The family. my incorporated I artwork my In 2013 Whakatipuranga Nga (Ng Kingi Mani Statements Artist Appendix Five Mountain marae, koru marae, Mountain our showing work negativity. the through get us art helped how and whanau growth my throughout friends and whanau my all represents also koru The began. all is where is This ‘Papakai’. marae my surrounding bush native the represent to used is koru The 2013 (Ng Johnson Gayle Moana â Raukawa)ti â â T ti T ti û û wharetoa) wharetoa) With Support From: Palmerston North Community Services Council Phone 06 354 3809 Hancock Community House, 77-85 King Street, Palmerston North http://www.facebook.com/pncsc http://www.pncsc.co.nz The Palmy Youth Network https://www.facebook.com/PalmyYouthNetwork and the Massey University School of Social Work , . '' With Support From: PALMERSTON NORTH ( OMMUN11'Y SERVO({S COUNCIL MASSEY UNIVERSITY MASSEY RESEARCH ONLINE http://mro.massey.ac.nz/ Massey Documents by Type Reports Young people facing housing deprivation in Palmerston North: a crisis? Douglas, Olivia 2015-11 http://hdl.handle.net/10179/7514 29/09/2021 - Downloaded from MASSEY RESEARCH ONLINE