Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army on Civil Works

BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors is a continuing body created by section 3, River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. The Board comprises 7 senior engineer officers: The Chairman isthe Deputy Chief of Engineers; 5 members are Division En- gineers (rotative basis) from continental U.S. divisions; the Seventh officer is assigned full time as Resident Member and di- rects the staff. Appointments are made by the Chief of Engineers for unspecified periods. The Board meets on call of the Chairman. Statutory duties of the Board as set forth in the act' of June 13, 1902, and subsequent acts and ammendments are: (a) to conduct an independent review of survey reports covering projects for river and harbor, flood control, and multiple-purpose improve- Inents prepared by the Corps in response to an act of the Congress or a resolution of the House or Senate Public Works Committees; and to report its conclusions and recommendations thereon to the Chief of Engineers, who forwards the reports with his conclu- Sions and recommendations to the Secretary of the Army for transmission to the Congress; (b) to conduct an independent review of all special reports ordered by the Congress and report thereon in the same manner as for survey reports when directed by the Chief of Engineers; (c) to consider and approve general Plans for major modification and reconstruction of any lock, canal, canalized river or other work for the use and benefit of navigation. All functions of the former Beach Erosion Board pertaining to review of reports of investigations made concerning erosion of the shores of coastal and lake waters, and the protection of such Shores, were transferred to the Board under section 3, Public Law 88-172. Additional statutory duties were assigned the Board under terms of Merchant Marine Act and various River and Harbor Acts, particularly that of September 22, 1922. Under these acts, the Board: (a) in cooperation with Maritime Administration, collects, compiles, and publishes information on characteristics of U.S. ports: physical characteristics of the ports are the re- Splonsibility of the Corps, and administrative characteristics are the responsibility of the Maritime Administration; (b) provides Staff supervision over collection and compilation of statistics on the volume and nature of commerce on inland waterways, which include entrance channels for ocean ports of the United States. Statistics are published annually in two categories: "Waterborne Commerce of the United States" in five parts (7 volumes), showing nature and amount of commodity, passenger, and vessel move- tlents; and Transportation Series in three volumes, listing char- Rcteristics of registered and unregistered vessels comprising the U.S.-flag shipping fleets. In addition to its statutory duties, the following duties are the More significant among those assigned by the Chief of Engineers: Review of Corps policies and procedures as directed; review of reports of other Federal agencies pertaining to water resources levelopment; conduct of investigations and studies of economics )f ports and waterways; and to conduct a year-long program of 1579 1580 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 in-service training for planners at GS-12 level in all aspects of Federal water resources development to assist in meeting needs of the Corps for increased numbers of qualified personnel in this field. Also, the Resident Member is alternate for the Secretary of the Army on the Foreign-Trade Zones Board, and is ex officio secretary of the American Section, Permanent International As- sociation of Navigation Congresses, a quasi-official organization. (See separate section on PIANC). On June 30, 1965, the Board was composed of the following members: Maj. Gen. Robert G. MacDonnell, Deputy Chief of Engineers, Chairman; Maj. Gen. Alvin C. Welling, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, South Atlantic; lMaj. Gen. Ellsworth I. Davis, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, Lower Mississippi Valley; Maj. Gen George H. Walker, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, Missouri River; Brig. Gen. John C. Dalrymple, Division Engineer, U.S. ArmY Engineer Division, North Atlantic; Brig. Gen. Peter C. Hyzer, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, North Pacific (was Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, New England, until February 8, 1965); and Col. Edmund H. Lang, Resident Member. In addition to the foregoing, the following officers were also assigned for various periods during the year to membership on the Board: Maj. Gen. William W. Lapsley, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, North Pacific; and Brig. Gen. Carroll H. Dunn, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Divi- sion, Southwestern. A summary of investigations authorized by the Congress from establishment of the Board in 1902 to the end of fiscal year 1965, the number of authorizations completed, the number of authorizations remaining to be reported on, and the number of reports submitted under continuing authorizations are in the following table:

Reports submitted Authorities Authorities Authorities Authorities Authorities this fiscal received received completed completed remaining year Authority for investigation triort this prior to this to be re- (under JulyI, 1964 fiscal year July 1, 1964 fiscal year ported on continuing, multiple and special authority)

Flood Control and River and Harbor Acts, exclusive of 1909 River and Harbor Act. 5,111 3 4,784 13 317...... River and Harbor Act of 1909-Continuing authority for major modification...... 1 ...... 1 2 Congressional resolutions exclusive of Great Lakes Har- bors...... 3,960 94 2,742 90 1,222 ...... Congressional resolutions multiple Great Lakes Harbors studies. .. 2 ...... 2 1 Public Law 71-84, authority...... for multiple hurricane studies...... 1 16 River and Harbor Act, July 3,1930, cooperative beach erosionstudies ...... 1 ...... 1 5 Total...... 9,076 97 7,526 103 1,544 24 BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS 1581 From 1902 through June 30, 1965, the Board took final action on 7,678 reports, recommending favorably on 3,379 and unfavorably on 4,299. By Public Law 85-500, Congress eliminated Preliminary examinations. During fiscal year 1965 the Board held five 2-day meetings in Washington. No public hearings Were held. The Board considered 143 reports, acted favorably on 54, unfavorably on 69, deferred action on 8, and returned 12. The Board recommended construction of projects totaling $800,- 943,200, of which $674,982,300 was estimated U.S. cost, and $125,960,900 the cost to local interests for work and cash con- tributions. Of the 69 unfavorable reports acted on by the Board, 22 involved construction costs estimated at $94,594,140, consisting of $91,166,640 Federal, and $3,427,500 non-Federal. The remaining 47 reports contained no cost estimates as they dealt with improvements that were obviously unfavorable or no longer necessary. The Board's staff submitted reports or comments on reports as follows: 11 reports by other Federal agencies on water resources development; 78 reports prepared under special, continuing authorities for beach erosion control, small flood control and small navigation construction projects; and 51 special reports on civil works planning, including the review and sub- mission of comments on revisions to procedures published or to be published in Engineer Regulations. Studies prescribed by various River and Harbor Acts and section 8, Merchant Marine Act of 1920, continued, and the results were published in three series of reports titled Port Series, Trans- portation Series, and Waterborne Commerce of the United States. The following reports were published during the year: Port series No. 1 -The Ports of Portland and Searsport, Maine, and Portsmouth, N.H. No. 6 -The Port of Albany, N.Y. No. 14-The Port of Savannah, Ga. No. 33-The Ports of Coos Bay, Oreg., and Longview and Vancouver, Wash. No. 35-The Ports of Tacoma, Grays Harbor, and Olympia, Wash. No. 36-The Port of Seattle, Wash.

Transportation series No. 4 -Transportation Lines on the Mississippi River Sys- tem and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 1964 No. 5 -Transportation Lines on the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pa- cific Coasts, 1964

Waterborne Commerce Waterborne Commerce of the United States, Part 5, National Summaries, 1963 Supplement 1 to Part 5-Domestic Inland Traffic, Areas of Origin and Destination of Principal Commodities Supplement 2 to Part 5-Water Carriage Ton-Miles 1582 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 At the end of the year the following reports were in progress: Port series No. 5 -Port of New York, N.Y. and N.J. No. 16--Ports on South Atlantic Coast (Morehead City, N.C., Georgetown, S.C., Brunswick, Ga., and Fernandina, Palm Beach, Port Everglades, and Miami, Fla.) Transportation series No. 4 -Transportation Lines on the Mississippi River Sys- tem and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 1965 No. 5 -Transportation Lines on the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coasts, 1965 At the end of the year the following reports were being printed: Port series No. 4 -Ports of Southern New England (Providence, R.I., Fall River, Mass., and New London, New Haven, and Bridgeport, Conn.) No. 37-The Ports of Port Angeles, Anacortes, Everett, and Bellingham, Wash. No. 38-The Port of Ketchikan, Alaska Transportationseries No. 3 -Transportation Lines on the Great Lakes System, 1965 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION Mississippi River Commission consisting of three officers of the Corps of Engineers, one from the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and three members from civil life, two of whom are civil engineers, was created by an act of Congress on June 28, 1879. All members are appointed by the President with the advice and consent ' of the Senate. During the fiscal year the Commissioners were: Maj. Gen. Ellsworth I. Davis, U.S. Army, president; Mr. DeWitt L. Pyburn, civil engineer; Mr. Eugene F. Salisbury, civil engineer; Rear Adm. H. Arnold Karo, director, Coast and Geo- detic Survey; Mr. Harold T. Council; Brig. Gen. C. H. Dunn, U.S. Army, until September 22, 1964; Brig. Gen. Walter P. Leber, U.S. Army; and Maj. Gen. George H. Walker, U.S. Army, since September 23, 1964. The Corps officer designated as president of the Commission serves as its executive officer. An officer of the Corps is assigned to serve as secretary of the Commission in the office of its president. Col. Philip J. Galanti served as secretary through June 30, 1964. Col, Joe A. Clema has served since August 6, 1964. Headquarters of the Commission are in the Mississippi River Commission Building, Vicksburg, Miss. Mississippi River Commission is charged, under direction of the Secretary of the Army and supervision of the Chief of Engi- neers, with prosecution of improvements for flood control of the Mississippi River' and of its tributaries and outlets in its alluvial valley, so far as they are affected by Mississippi River backwater, between Head of Passes, La. (mile 0), and Cape Girardeau, Mo. (1,006 miles AHP), and with prosecution of improvements in the interest of navigation between Cairo, Ill. (957 miles AHP), and Baton Rouge, La. (mile 234). It also is charged with prosecution of certain flood control works on the Mississippi River and tributaries so far as they are affected by backwater, between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island, Ill. (1,437 miles AHP), and with Prosecution of improvements on designated tributaries and outlets below Cape Girardeau for flood control, major drainage, and related water uses such as navigation and water supply for agricultural use. Authorized operations of the Commission below Cape Girar- deau are conducted by district engineers of New Orleans, Vicks- burg, and Memphis Districts within the areas described below, in accordance with approved directives and programs and congressional appropriations therefor. New Orleans District: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required from Head of Passes, mile 0 to 326, including south bank levee of Red River to Hotwells, La.; Bonnet Carre and Morganza Floodways; maintenance and improvement of Mississippi River navigation channel from Baton Rlouge, La. (mile 234), up to mile 326; Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp) ; navigation improvement of Atchafalaya and Old Rivers from Mississippi River to Morgan City; control of Old and Atchafalaya Rivers; Lake Pontchartrain protection lev- 1583 1584 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 ees, Jefferson Parish, La.; Atchafalaya Basin Floodways; and flood control and drainage improvements in Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries, and in Bayou des Glaises. Vicksburg District: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required from upper limits of New Or- leans District (mile 326) in vicinity of Black Hawk, La., to Coahoma-Bolivar County line, Miss. (mile 620) on left bank, and to vicinity of mouth of White River, Ark. (mile 598) on right bank including south bank Arkansas River levee to vicinity of Pine Bluff, Ark., and north bank levee to vicinity of Tucker on left bank of Plum Bayou, Ark.; bank stabilization in lower 40 miles of Arkansas River; maintenance and improvement of Mis- sissippi River navigation channel between miles 326 and 598; and Vicksburg and Greenville Harbors; flood control and drainage improvements in Red River backwater area including leveed portion east and west of Black River within district limits; Jones- ville, La., Boeuf and Tensas River and Bayou Macon Basins, and tributaries, Ark. and La., and Bayou Lafourche, La.; Yazoo River Basin, Miss., including backwater area; Big and Little Sunflower Rivers, Deer Creek, and Steele Bayou, Miss., and Grand Prairie Region, and Bayou Meto Basin, Ark., including provision for agricultural water supply. Memphis District: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required, from upper limits of Vicksburg District to north bank of Little River diversion channel, Mo. (1,003 miles AHP), a' few miles below Cape Girardeau, Mo., on right bank, and to Cache River diversion channel above Cairo, Ill., on left bank, including levees and revetment on right bank of Ohio River, in the Mounds-Mound City area, Ill. Operations above Cairo, Ill., are restricted to levee work. Maintenance and improvement of Mississippi River navigation channel between miles 598 and 954 and of Memphis Harbor, Tenn.; levees in White River backwater area up to vicinity of Augusta, Ark., and a pumping plant near mouth of White River; levees and pumping plants at De Valls Bluff and Des Are, Ark.; channel improvements in Cache River Basin, Ark.; improvement works in St. Francis River Basin, Mo. and Ark.; including backwater area, Little River diversion channel, Mo., and L'Anguille River, Ark.; Wolf River Basin, Tenn.; Obion and Forked Deer River Basins, Tenn.; Reelfoot Lake area, Tenn. and Ky.; and Cairo-Mounds- Mound City area, Ill. Field operations of the Commission restricted to levee construction under section 6, 1928 Flood Control Act (local interests con- tributing one-third of costs and furnishing rights-of-way), are conducted within the following limits by four districts which report direct to the Commission on matters within their jurisdiction: St. Louis District: Mississippi River (sec. 6) levees from upper limits of Memphis District to Clemens Station, Mo. (1,254 miles AHP) on right bank, and Hamburg Bay, Ill. (1,215 miles AHP) on left bank, and the Illinois River from its mouth to mile 120 at Havana, Ill. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1585 Rock Island District: Mississippi River (sec. 6) levees from upper limits of St. Louis District to Rock Island, Ill. (1,437 miles AHP). Louisville District: Ohio River (sec. 6) levees to Shawneetown, Ill. (backwater limits). Kansas City District: Missouri River (sec. 6) levees to St. Charles, Mo. (backwater limits).

MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND ALLUVIAL VALLEY BELOW CAPE GIRARDEAU, MO. Location and description. Mississippi River rises in Lake Itasca, Minn., and flows generally southerly for 2,340 miles through central portion of United States to empty into Gulf of Mexico about 115 miles below New Orleans. It is improved for barge navigation for about 1,837 miles to Minneapolis, Minn. Major tributaries are Missouri, Ohio, St. Francis, White, Arkan- sas, Yazoo, and Red Rivers which drain 1,245,000 square miles in all or part of 31 States between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains and part of two Canadian Provinces. Below Cape Girardeau, Mo., 53 miles above Ohio River, river bottom lands Widen abruptly into an alluvial valley of about 35,460 square miles which was originially subject to flood overflow. A major Part of the alluvial valley has been protected from floods by levees Which confine floodflows within a flood plain having an average Width of about 5 miles. (See map of alluvial valley of Mississippi River scale 1:500,000.) Observations made by Mississippi River Commission to June 30, 1965, show approximate maximum and minimum discharges between levees as follows: Cairo to White River, 2 million and 70,- 000 cubic feet per second; thence to Red River, 2,150,000 and 90,000 cubic feet per second; thence to the Gulf of Mexico, 1,500,- 000 and 80,000 cubic feet per second in Mississippi River and about 650,000 and 12,000 cubic feet per second in Atchafalaya River. As 1927 floodflow was not confined between levees, maximum discharges recorded do not include entire flow of 1927 flood, maximum of record below White River. Low water stages, generally, obtain from August to December. High water and flood stages usually occur in late winter or early spring, but great floods such as that of 1937 have occurred as early as January in upper reaches of lower river. Extreme ranges in stages recorded at representative gages are about 60 feet at Cairo, 55 feet at Mem- Phis, 58 feet at Red River Landing, and 23 feet at New Orleans (Carrollton). River is nontidal above Red River Landing where amplitude of tide rarely exceeds 0.1 foot during extreme low Water. Previous projects. For details see page 1944, Annual Report for 1932, page 1682, Annual Report for 1937, and page 1780, Annual Report for 1963. Existing project. For the Mississippi River and tributaries in alluvial valley between Head of Passes, La., and Cape Girar- deau, Mo., provides for protection thereof from floods by means of levees, floodwalls, floodways, reservoirs (in Yazoo and St. Francis Basins), bank stabilization, and channel improvements in 1586 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 and along the river and its tributaries and outlets insofar as affected by backwater of the Mississippi River, including levee work on the main stem between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island. Project also provides for channel realinement and improvement including bank stabilization and dikes to reduce flood heights; control natural tendency of river to lengthen by meandering; protect levees from being destroyed by caving banks; and provide a 12- by 300-foot navigation channel between Baton Rouge, La., and Cairo, Ill. Locations of major Mississippi River project improvements for flood control and navigation, including main stem levees and appurtenant drainage structures and spillways, channel realinement and dredging, bank revetment, and dikes are in table A. Locations of levee work accomplished under provisions of section 6, Flood Control Act of 1928, are shown in table E-4. Project provides for harbor improvements on main stem at Baton" Rouge (Devils Swamp), La., Vicksburg, Miss., Greenville, Miss., and Memphis, Tenn. Locations of these improvements on tributaries and outlets in designated basins are listed in table B. Table C contains data pertinent to dams and reservoirs. Table A. Mississippi River Improvements

Location

Improvement Remarks Mileage above Head Locality of Passes

234-9571 Baton Rouge-Cairo ...... Dredging where required...... 10-9571 Venice, La.-Cairo...... Revetment, contraction work... 11-25 Baptiste Collette-Bayou Ostrica, La.. Main line levee setback, left bank... 44-91 Bohemia, La.-New Orleans...... Main line levee and floodwall left bank. 91-104 New Orleans...... do...... Authorized by Publio Law 516, 81st Cong, 104-234 New Orleans-Baton Rouge...... do...... 235 Baton Rouge Harbor...... Devils Swamp barge channel...... Authorized by Public Law 858, 80th Cong. Mod- fled by Public Law 87" 874, 87th Cong. 437 Vicksburg Harbor...... I Harbor extension and industrial fill.. Authorized by Publio Law 391, 70th Cong., modified by Public Law 526, 79th Cong., and 780,t 83d Cong. 537 Greenville Harbor...... ,,...... Harbor improvements ...... Au horized by Public Law 85-600, July 3, 1958, 437-721 Vicksburg-Lake View, Miss...... Main line levee, left bank...... 721-734Memphis Harbor...... Closure, Tennessee Chute; industrial Authorized by Public Law fill, levee; harbor channels, etc. 526, 79th Cong. 803-873 Tiptonville-Obion River...... Main line levee, left bank, levee ex- Do. tension and diversion of Obion River. 900-921 Slough Bend-Hickman, Ky...... Main line levee, left bank...... 10-8t The Jump-New Orleans...... Main levee, right bank...... 81-96 New Orleans ...... do...... Authorized by Public Law 516, 81st Cong. 96-279 New Orleans-Morganza...... do...... do... 287-303 Morgansa-Old River...... do...... Extends up south bank of Old River,to Barbre Landing. 303-314 Old River, La., control...... Levee closure and enlargement, low Authorized by Public Law and high water spillway structures, 780, 83d Cong. navigation lock, and approach channels. 306-572 Old River-Cypres Creek, Ark...... Main line levee, right bank...... Joins Arkansas Rivet south bank levee. 606-663 Henrico-Helena, Ark...... do....do ...... See footnote at end of table. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1587

Table A. Mississippi River Improvements--Continued

Location Improvement Remarks Mileage above Head Locality of Passes

672-991 St. Francis River-Commerce, Mo.... Main line levee, right bank.... 998-1,437 Thebes, I11.-Rock Island...... Levees, both banks...... Intermittent. 127-129 Bonnet Carre Floodway, La...... Regulating spillway, left bank...... 279-287 Morganza Floodway, La...... Regulating spillway, right bank.... 889 St. Johns Bayou, Mo...... Drainage floodgate...... Authorized by Public Law 780, 83d Cong. 889 New Madrid Floodway, Mo...... do ...... 922 Hickman, Ky...... Floodwall, left bank ...... 889-954 New Madrid-Birds Point, Mo...... Floodway, right bank...... 9571 Cairo, Cairo drainage district...... Floodwalls and levee...... 9571 Cairo, Cairo drainage district, Floodwalls, levees, and pumping Mounds, Mound City and vicinity. plant. " Cape Girardeau to Rock Island..... Levees...... Intermittent (sec. 6).

1 Cairo, Ill., is on Ohio River about 3 miles above its mouth (Mississippi River mile 954 AHP).

Table B. Mississippi River Tributary and Outlet Improvements

:.Location Improvement Remarks Mileage above Locality mouth

ATCHAFALAYA BASIN, LA.

Atchafalaya Basin. Morganza and WVest Atchafalaya Floodways 18-81 Atchafalaya Basin Floodway be- Floodway...... tween Morgan City and Alabama Bayou. 81-115 Morgansa Floodway between Ala- ...... do...... bama Bayou and Mississippi River. 81-138 West Atchafalaya Floodway be...... do...... tween Alabama Bayou and Red River. East protection levee (Morganza and Atchafalaya Floodways) 6 Below Morgan City...... Channel relocation...... By-pass route for Gulf Intracoastal Waterway traffic. 6-18 ..... do...... Levees, floodwall...... East of lower river. 18 Morgan City...... Lock in Bayou Boeufl...... Gulf Intracoastal Water- way. 18-115 Morgan City-Morganza...... Levee and Morgan City floodwall... Including lower Morganza Floodway guide levee. 18-54 Morgan City-Bayou Sorrel lock..... Alternate navigation channel Gulf Gulf Intracoastal Water- Intracoastal Waterway. way utilizes levee west ...... side borrow pit channel 54 Bayou Sorrell...... Lock...... Alternate route Gulf In- tracoastal Waterway Morgan City to IPort Allen. 84-106 Ramah-Bayou Fordoche...... Drainage channel...... Levee landside borrow pit. 108-116 Lacour-Red Cross...... Levee, upper Morgansa guide.... 109 Bayou Latenache ...... Drainage structure, Pointe Coupee Through upper Morgansa and channel enlargement. guide levee and enlarge. ment of outlet channel. Atchafalaya Basin Floodway lower protection levee 6-18 Below Morgan City...... Levees, floodwall, drainage struc- Inclosed area between tures, and pumping plants. Berwick and Wax Lake ...... Outlet. 20 Berwick ...... Lock ...... Lower Atchafalaya River. 26 Patterson...... Water system ...... Adjustment to provide fresh water. 32 Calumet...... Floodgate, east...... Bayou Teche--Wax Lake Outlet. See footnote at end of table. 1588 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965

Table B. Mississippi River Tributaryand Outlet Improvements--Continued

Location

Improvement Remarks Mileage above Locality mouth

ATCHAFALAYA BASIN, LA.- Continued West protection levee (Atchafalaya Basin and West Atchafalaya Floodways) Wax Lake Outlet to Mansura...... Protection levee.... Coulee des Grues...... Levee enlargement and floodgate extension. 133 Simmesport-Hamburg...... Levee fuse plug...... West Atchafalaya Flood- way. 32 Calumet...... Floodgate, west...... Bayou Teche and Wax Lake Outlet. 50 Charentona...... Floodgate and approach channels.... Borrow pit channel to Grand Lake through West Atchafalaya protection levee. 96 Bayou Courtableau...... Gated drainage control structures and channels. 97 Bayou Darbonne ...... Gated drainage structures...... Through West Atchafa- laya protection levee. 50 Jaws-Lake Fausse Pointe...... Outlet, Charenton drainage canal Restoration of drainage protection levee. west of West Atcha- falaya Basin protection levee. 32 Wax Lake Outlet...... Bridges, railway, and highway..... 95 West Atchafalaya Floodway...... do...... do... 95 Morgansa Floodway...... do...... 107 ... do...... * .do ...... do...... 115 ....do...... do...... do...... Atchafalaya River 0-81 Below Alabama Bayou...... Dredging floodway channels.. o.... Improve channel capac ities and decrease flood heights. 18-133 Morgan City-Mississippi River...... 12- by 125-foot navigation channel.. Through Grand and Six Mile Lakes. 32 Atchafalaya Bay-Six Mile Lake..... Outlet, Wax Lake...... 81-138 Alabama Bayou-Barbre Landing.... Levee, east bank...... 61-133 Bayou Garotier-Simmesport...... West bank, levee ...... 96 Krotz Springs...... Levee, ring...... 107-108 Melville ...... do...... 133 Simmeport...... Levee, ring and drainage structure... COURTABLEAU BASIN, LA., AND OUTLETS

0-8 Charenton Canal...... Drainage channel...... Outlet to Gulf. 50-133 West Atchafalaya protection levee .....dO .... °...... Intercepting drainage borrow pit channel. channel. 96 Bayou Courtableau spillway...... Drainage control structure...... 133 Bayou des Glaises...... Diversion channel...... Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries 0-17 Bayou Cocodrie...... Enlargement and realinement... 17-40 Bayous Cocodrie-Boeuf diversion.... New channel...... 40-51 Bayou Boeuf...... do...... do...... 51-60 Bayous Boeuf-Rapides diversion.... .do...... 17-42 Upper Cocodrie...... Enlargement, clearing, and snagging. Bayou Boeuf

87-107 Bayou Lamourie to Kincaid...... Enlargement, realinement, clearing, and snagging. 40 Lecompte control structure.. ... Fixed elevation weir...... 60 Bayou Rapides control structure.... Gated drainage structure.... 87 Bayou Lamourie control structure...... do...... Various...... Railway, highway, and local road bridges, and pipeline crossing. LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, LA. Lake Pontchartrain,Jefferson Parish, Flood protection...... Authorized by Public Law La. I 516, 81st Cong.

See footnote at end of table. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1589 Table B. Mississippi River Tributary and Outlet Improvements-Continued

Location

Improvement Remarks Mileage above Locality mouth

AMITE RIVER, LA. Amite River, La...... Bank protection ...... Do. LOWER RED RIVER, LA. 82-145 Moncla-Hotwells...... Levee, south bank...... Red River-Moncla to Lake Long... Levees ...... Intermittent (sec.F6). TENSAS BASIN, ARK. AND LA. Red River backwater area

Tensas-Cocodrie area...... Levees, drainage channels, and structures.

Black River, La.

3-56 Larto Lake to Jonesville area...... do...... Loop levees (77.7 miles) adjacent to BlackRiver 86 Joneville, La ...... Levees, floodwall, pumping plant, Portion of levee built and interior drainage. under see. 6. Onachita River...... Levees, drainage channels, an d struc- Monroe to Sandy Bayou tures.. and Bawcomville (see. 6). Nowincorporated in Ouachita River and tributaries project for Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and flood controL. tributaries, La. and Ark. Boeuf River, La. and Ark.

8 0-32 Below Bayou Lafourche...... Clearing ...... Public Law 616, 1st Cong., modifies require. ments of local cooperation. 32-46 To mouth of Big and Colewa Creeks. Enlargement...... Do. 151-235 Above Bayou Lafourche...... Enlargement and realinement...... Do. Canals 43, 81, and 19 (miles 235- 286.6). Canals 18, 19 (above mile 286.5) Channel improvement...... Extensions authorized by Big Bayou, Black Pond Slough, Public Law 85-500, Kirsch Lake Canal, Fleschmans July 3, 1958. Bayou, and Caney Bayou.

Bayou Lafourche, La.

0-57 Boeuf River (mile 32) and through Channel improvement and realine- Public Law 516,81stCong., Bayon Lafourche to Boeuf River ment. modifies requirements (mile 151). of local cooperation. Bio and Colewa Creeks, La. 0-26 Big and Colewa Creeks...... Clearing, snagging, and realinement.. 26-76 .... do...... Enlargement and realinement...... Teneas River, La.

0-160 Tensas River ...... Channel improvement...... Do. Bayou Macon, Ark. and La. 0-170 To mouth of Ditch Bayou...... do...... 123 Upper end Sandy Lake ...... Levee...... 120 Small outlet, right bank...... Closure...... 127 .....do ...... Clearing...... do... 158 Rush Bayou ...... Authorized by Public Law 85-600, July 3, 1958. Structures

Various...... Railway and highway bridges and pipeline crossings. Grant's Canal, La. 0-0.2 Grant's Canal at Lake Providence... Fillingcanal...... Authorized by Public Law 516, 81st Cong. See footnote at end of table. 1590 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 Table B. Mississippi River Tributary and Outlet Improvements-Continued

Location

Improvement Remarks Mileage above Locality mouth

LOWER ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK.

23-98 Yancopin-Pine Bluff...... Levee, south bank ...... 35-98 Fletcher Bend, Ark., to Pine Bluff. Revetment...... 48-102 North Little Rock to Gillett (below Levee, north bank ...... Plum Bayou). Grand Prairie Region and Bayou Water supply and drainage improve- Authorized by Public Law Meto Basin, Ark. ments. 516, 81st Cong. YAZOO BASIN, MISS. 0-75 Yazoo backwater area...... Levees and pumping plants...... 0-381 Yazoo River below Arkabutla Dam.. Channel improvement ...... Including Tallahatchie and Coldwater Rivers. 75-366 Yazoo River between Yazoo City Levees, right bank ...... Intermittent. and Prichard. 75-345 Yazoo River between Yazoo City Levees, left bank ...... Do. and Askew. 45-109 Will M. Whittington auxiliary chan- New floodway channel ...... nel. 75 Yazoo City protection...... Levee,drainage structure, and pumping plant. 127 Belzoni protection...... Levee and floodwal...... 185 Greenwood protection ...... Levees, channel improvement, drainage structures, and pumping plants. 381 Arkabutla Reservoir ...... Flood detention and conservation.... See table C. 0-64 Yalobusha River below Grenada Channel improvement...... Reservoir. 64 Grenada Reservoir...... Flood detention and conservation.... Do. 0-24 Tallahatchie River-Little Talla- Levees, Panola-Quitman floodway.. hatchie River. 0-26 Little Tallahatchie River below Sar- Channel improvement...... dis Reservoir. 26 Sardis Reservoir...... Flood detention and conservation.... Do. 0-13 Yocona River below Enid Reservoir. Channel improvement...... 13 Enid Reservoir ...... Flood detention and conservation.... Do. 0-88 Cassidy Bayou, below Old Cold- Channel improvement ...... Including Moores Bayou, water River. Cutoff Bayou. Whiting Lake and outlet. 137-260 Upper auxiliary channel...... New floodway channel...... 75-381 Area between main stem and hills Levees and channel improvement.... Authorized by Public Law including Bobo Bayou. 626, 79th Cong. McKinney Bayou...... Channel improvement or enlarge- Do. ment of pumping plant. Big Sunflower River, etc.

0-204 Big Sunflower River...... Channel improvement...... Authorized by Public Law 526, 79th Cong.; publiC Law 516, 81st Coongt modifies requiremen of local cooperation. 0-8 Mill Creek...... do...... 0-28 iushpuckena River...... do ...... 0-60 Quiver River...... do...... Gin and Muddy Bayous, Miss...... do ...... Authorized by Public Law 87-874, 87th Cong. 0-43 Bogue Phalia ...... Authorized by Public Law 60-79 526, 79th Cong.; PubliC Law 516, 81st Cong' modifies requirements o local cooperation.

0-27 Little Sunflower River...... do do...... Do. 3-160 Deer Creek ...... do Do. 0-66 Steele Bayou ...... do...... Do. LOWER WHITE RIVER AND BASIN, ARK.

13-55 Laconia Circle-Old Town Lake..... Levee, backwater including outlet Mile 605-645 MiseaisiPPi structures. River. Pumping plant...... Authorized by Public Law 85-500, July 3, 1958. 99-198 Augusta to Clarendon ...... Levees, outlet structures ...... See footnote at end of table. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1591

Table B. Mississippi River Tributary and Outlet Improvements-Continued

Location Improvement Remarks Mileage above Locality mouth

LOWER WHITE RIVER AND BASIN, ARK.-Continued 122 De Valls Bluff ...... Levee, outlet structure, and pumping station. 143 Des Are, Ark...... do...... Authorized by Public Law 516, 81st Cong. 0-196 Cache River, Ark...... Channel improvement and structures. Do. 0-90 Bayou DeView, Ark,,...... do...... Do. ST. FRANCIS RIVER AND BASIN, ARK., ANI) MO.

0-236 Mouth of St. Francis River-Wap- Floodway, levees, drainage channels, papello Dam. and structures. 236 Wappapello Reservoir ...... Flood detention and conservation... See table C. 0-105 Little River Basin ...... Floodway, levees, drainage channels, and structures. 15-36 Tyronza River ...... Channel improvement ...... 86 Marked Tree, Ark...... Marked Tree Siphon...... 0-29 Big Slough Ditch ...... Channel improvement...... 0-17 Mayo Ditch...... do....do...... 0-12 Cross County Ditch...... do...... L'Anguille River, Ark.

0-108 L'Anguille River, and tributaries ..... do...... I Authorized by Public Law Brushy and First Creeks. 858, 80th Cong. WEST TENNESSEE TRIBUTARIES

0-22 Wolf River and tributaries, Tenn...... do...... Authorized by Public Law 85-500, July3, 1958. 0-81 Obion River and tributary North, ...... do...... Authorized by 1948 Flood South, Middle, and Rutherford Control Act. Forks. 0-75 Forked Deer River and tributary, Do. North, Middle, and South Forks, REELFOOT LAKE AREA, KY. AND TENN. 0-20 Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn...... do...... Authorized by Public Law 780, 83d Cong. 0-16 Bayou du Chien, Ky. and Tenn...... do ...... Do. ST. JOHNS BAYOU, MO. 0-11 New Madrid-Sikeston Ridge...... Levee and floodgate...... Mile 889, Mississippi River. LITTLE RIVER DIVERSION CHANNEL, MO. Delta to Ancell, Mo...... Levees ...... Mile 49 above Cairo. MISSOURI RIVER, MO. 0-28 Mouth to St. Charles, Mo...... do ...... Authority-(sec. 6). ILLINOIS RIVER. ILL.

0-120 Mouth to Havana, Ill...... do...... Intermittent--(sec. 6). OHIO RIVER, ILL. AND KY. Cairo to Mound City and Mounds, Floodwall, levee, revetment, and Ill. pumping plant.

i General data concerning Bayou Boeuf, Bayou Sorrel, and Berwick locks where Atchafalaya lasin protection levees cross Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, alternate route to Plaquemine, La., and 4over Atchafalaya River (extension of Bayou Teche Waterway), respectively, are in report for ew Orleans District. 1592 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965

Table C. Mississippi River Tributary Dams and Reservoirs

Sardis Name...... Grenada Enid Little Tal-2 Arkabutla2 Wappapello River...... Yalobusha Yocona lahatchie Coldwater St. Francis2

Nearest town to damaite...... Grenada Enid Sardis Arkabutla Wappapello Drainage area...... square miles.. 1,320 560 1,545 1,000 1,310 Conservation pool:5 Area...... thousand acres.. 10 6 10 5 5 Volume...... thousand acre-feet.. 86 58 92 31 39 Elevation...... feet, mean sea level. 193 230 235 210 355 Flood-control pool: Area...... thousand acres.. 65 28 58 33 23 Volume...... thousand acre-feet.. 1,252 602 1,478 494 586 Runoff ...... inches. 17.8 20.2 18.0 0.3 8.4 Outlet gates: Number...... 3 2 4 3 03 Size...... feet. 7.5 by 14 8 by 16 6by12 8.5 by 19 10 by 2 Capacity thousand cubic feet per second.. 10.0 9.4 10.0 10.0 18.0 Spillway: Type, uncontrolled...... Chute Chute Chute Chute Gravity Length ...... feet.. 200 200 400 300 740 Elevation-crest...... feet, mean sea level.. 231 208 282 239 395 Discharge capacity thousand cubic feet per second.. 52 50 132 89 156 Surcharge pool: Area ...... thousand acres.. 106 41 90 63 32 Volume ...... thousand acre-feet.. 1,385 554 1,447 858 521 Runoff...... inches.. 19.7 18.5 17.6 16.1 7.5 Elevation...... feet, mean sea level.. 247.5 284.0 301.6 257.0 414.0 Dam: Type, earthfill...... Rolled Rolled Hydraulic Rolled Rolled Length...... thousand feet.. 13.9 8.4 15.3 10.0 2.7 Elevation-crest...... feet, mean sea level. 256.0 293.0 312.0 265.0 420.0

1 Grenada, Enid, Sardis, and Arkabutla Reservoirs are in Yazoo River Basin, Miss.; WaP papello Reservoir is in St. Francis River Basin, Mo. SSubtract 0.6 from elevations for Sardis, 0.8 for Wappapello, and 0.7 for Arkabutla to correct for 1941 and 1944 adjustments. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1593

Existing project was authorized by the following:

Acts Authorization Documents

-I 1 -- May 15, 1928 Flood protection in alluvial valley of Mississippi River, re- H. Dec. 90, 70th Cong., 1st seas. June 19, 1930 vetment and contraction works and dredging to provide Feb. 15,1.933 least channel depth of 9 feet and width of 300 feet below Apr. 23, 1933 Cairo. June 15,1936 White River backwater...... Unpublished report Apr. 2, 1925. Do...... Morganza Floodway, outlet west of Berwick, Atchafalaya H. Committee on Flood Control Dec. Aug. 28, 1937 Basin; control of headwater floods, St. Francis and Yazoo 1, 74th Cong., 1st seas.; H. Commit- June 28, 1938 Basins; Mounds to Mound City levee; flood-control works tee on Flood Control Dec. 1, 75th along Cache River, Ill., roads on levees and drainage ad- Cong., 1st ses. justments incident to floodway levees. Aug. 18, 1941 Enlarge main line levees to offset abandonment of floodways H. Dec. 359, 77th Cong., 1st sees. between Arkansas and Red Rivers, flood-control works in backwater areas of Yazoo and Red Rivers, and in Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie, La. Dec. 22, 1944 Navigation channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide between H. Doec.509, 78th Cong., 2d seas. Baton Rouge and Cairo; execution of channel improvement and stabilization program-$200 million, and flood protection of Yazoo River backwater area in vicinity of Satartia. Maconl...... S. Doec.151, 78th Cong., July 24, 1946 Improve Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and...... Bayou...... 2d seas. Big Sunflower River, etc.1... H. Doc. 516, 78th Cong., 2d seas. Improve Bayou Lafourche...... S. Doec.191, 79th Cong., 2d seas, Improve Yazoo River tributaries and extension of Yazoo HI. Dec. 516, 78th Cong., 2d sees. headwater project. North bank Arkansas River levees (below Plum Bayou)1.... H. Doe. 308, 74th Cong., 1st seas. Levees on White River (Augusta to Clarendon)l...... II. Doc. 98, 76th Cong., 1st seas. Bayou des Glaises diversion channell ...... H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d seas. Modification of local cooperation requirements in St. Francis Public Law 526, 79th Cong., 2d seas. and Yazoo Basins. Tiptonville-Obion levee and drainage improvementsl ..... H. Dec. 757, 79th Cong., 2d seas. Improvement of St. Johns Bayou, Mo...... H. Doc. 138, 80th Cong., 1setseas. Tennessee Chute (Memphis Harbor) ...... S. Dec. 51, 80th Cong., 1st seas. Execution of project for flood control and channel improvement-$100 million. June 30, 1948 Improve Mississippi River below Cape Girardeau, Mo., with H. Dec. 627, 80th Cong., 2d sesas. respect to West Tennessee tributaries. Improve L'Anguille River, Ark ...... H. Dec. 651, 80th Cong., 2d seas. Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp), La.1 ...... H. Doe. 321, 80th Cong., 1st seas. May 17, 1950 Flood protection at Des Are, Ark...... H. Doe. 485, 81st Cong., 2d seas. Improve St. Francis River and Basin, Ark. and Mo...... H. Dec. 132, 81st Cong., 1st seas. Improve Cache River and Bayou DeView, Ark. and Mo..... S. Doec.88, 81st Cong., 1st seas. Improve Grand Prairie Region and Bayou Meto Basin, Ark.. 11. Doe. 255, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Flood protection, Lake Pontchartrain Jefferson Parish, La.1 S. Doe. 139, 81st Cong., 2d seas. Filling Grant's Canal, Lake Providence, La., additional protection to Red River backwater area; extend Federal jurisdiction to cover levees in Orleans Parish, La.; and bank protection, Amite River, La. Jonesville, La., levee, retaining wall, and drainage structurel. S,. Doe. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sees. Execution of0 project for flood control and channel improvement-$20 million. Oct. 30, 1951 Modification of requirements for local cooperation in White Public Law 237, 82d Cong. River backwater area, Ark. Sept. 3, 1954 Navigation improvement of Atchafalaya from Mississippi S. Doe. 53, 82d Cong., 1setsess. River to Morgan City. Modification of project for Vicksburg-Yazoo area, Missis- H. Doe. 85, 83d Cong., let sees. sippi. Improve New Madrid Floodway, Mo...... H. Doec.183, 83d Cong., Ist seas. Control of Old and Atchafalaya Rivers and a lock for naviga- H. Doe. 478, 83d Cong,, 2d seas. tion. Improve Reelfoot Lake area, Kentucky and Tennessee...... S. Doe. 160, 83d Cong., 2d ees July 3, 1958 Improve Greenville Harbor, Miss...... S. 1)oc. 15, 86th Cong., 1st seas. Extensions to project for Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou S. Doe. 108, 85th Cong., 1st seas. Macon in Arkansas. White River backwater area-pumping plant ...... S. Doe. 26, 85th Cong., 1st seas. Wolf River and tributaries for flood protection...... H. Doe. 76, 85th Cong., 1st ees July 14, 1960 Execution of project for continuation of channel improve- Public Law 86-645. ment-$50 million. Oct. 23, 1962 Modification-Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp).. Public Law 87-874. Construct improvements in Gin and Muddy Bayous, Yazoo Do. River Basin, Miss. Replace 2 bridges with adequate floodway-over Boeuf River Dos and Big Bayou in Boeuf Basin, Ark. June 18, 1965 Execution of project for flood control and channel improve- Public Law 89-42. ment--$53 million.

1Act incorporating project into Mississippi River and tributaries. 1594 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 Recommended modifications. The report of the Chief of Engi- neers dated April 6, 1962, and the report of the Mississippi River Commission dated December 18, 1959, are published in House Document 308, 88th Congress, 2d session. Total cost of improvements recommended for authorization in these reports is $181,- 109,100 (Jan. 1, 1965), which includes $6,171,200 for fish and wildlife improvements as a project purpose. The increase in Federal annual maintenance and operation of the comprehensive project due to all works recommended for authorization is estimated at $3,026,000. Project cost. Total monetary authorizations, including the modifications authorized by the act of June 18, 1965, are $1,502,- 441,600 including maintenance charges through August 18, 1941. Total allotted under the authorizations to June 30, 1965, was $1,369,765,600. (See table H-1.) Summary of presently estimated first cost of authorized improvements Project title Estimated cost Completed features ...... $138,734,900 Mississippi River levees ...... 262,000,000 Section 6, Flood Control Act 1928 ...... 4,000,000 Channel improvement ...... 796,000,000 Baton Rouge Harbor, La...... ,. 3,560,000 Memphis Harbor, Tenn...... 19,300,000 Lake Pontchartrain, La ...... 6,000,0006.... Amite River, La. (Recommended for deauthorization) ...... Atchafalaya Basin, La ...... 284,000,000 Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries, Louisiana ...... 6,220,000 Old River, La...... 70,000,000 Lower Red River, La...... 16,600,000 Tensas Basin, La. and Ark...... 79,000,000 Lower Arkansas River, Ark...... 25,600,000 Grand Prairie-Bayou Meto, Ark ...... :.. 41,600,000 Yazoo Basin, Miss...... 215,000,000 Lower White River, Ark...... 13,200,000 Cache Basin, Ark...... 25,600,000 St. Francis Basin, Ark. and Mo...... 116,000,000 L'Anguille Basin, Ark ...... 5,630,000 Wolf River and tributaries, Tennessee ...... 1,800,000 West Tennessee tributaries, Tennessee ...... 10,700,000 Reelfoot Lake, Tenn. and Ky ...... 652,000 Total ...... 2,141,196,900 1 Includes Bonnet Carre, Morganza, and New Madrid Floodways, Greenville and Vicksburg Harbors, completed roads on main stem levees, channel construction works, Atchafalaya River levees and navigation, Wax Lake Outlet, Charenton Canal, Bayou des Glaises diversion channel, Boeuf Basin levees, and De Valls Bluff, Des Arc, and Jonesville protection works. Local cooperation. Flood Control Act of 1928, as amended, applies.' Such requirements have in general been complied with by local interests as construction of project advanced. Terminal facilities. See volume 1 of 2-volume Port Series No. 19, 1957, "Ports on the Gulf Coast of the United States," for Baton Rouge, La., and Lake Charles, La.; Port Series No. 20, 1958, for New Orleans, La.; also folio of Flood Control and Navi- gation Maps of Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico (32d edition), 1964. Operations and results during fiscal year. Commission activities: The 270th session was held on board the U.S. MV Missis- sippi en route on the Mississippi River from Cape Girardeau, MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1595 Mo., to Old River, on Old River to the Atchafalaya River, thence on the Atchafalaya River to Morgan City, La., October 12-17, 1964. The 271st session was held on board the U.S. MV Missis- sippi en route on the Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill., to New Orleans, La., May 3-7, 1965. On these river trips, major features of the project were inspected, including bank protection works, levees, and'general channel conditions; and public hearings were held, at which representatives of local Government agencies, navigation, levee, commercial, and other interests presented problems pertaining to flood control and navigation. During the 270th session, an inspection was made of the use of nylon and plastic sandbags in the construction of dikes at Forked Deer (approximate river mile 800) and of revetment sinking operations at Mounds, Miss., (approximate river mile 563). Some members of the Commission inspected the east protection levee in the Atcha- falaya Basin from Krotz Springs to Morgan City.. During the 271st session, the Commissioners made on-the-ground inspection trips into portions of the Little River Drainage District, St. Fran- cis Levee District of Arkansas; and the Yazoo Basin. The main stem levees from Port Allen to Luling, La., were inspected, and a dike model at the Waterways Experiment Station was observed. The President, Mississippi River Commission, and his engineering assistants made periodic inspections of flood control, navigation, and related works under the existing project along the Mississippi River and tributaries in the alluvial valley from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to the Gulf of Mexico. District Engineers held flood-fight planning conferences with local interests. Surveys, gages, and observations: Routine hydrographic surveys of the river between Head of Passes and Cairo, construction surveys, and special surveys and inspections were made as required. Gages were maintained and discharge observations made. Results thereof are presented in detail in annual pamphlets issued by Mississippi River Commission. Alluvial valley mapping: Preparation and publication of quadrangle maps (scale 1:62,500) continued. The 1964 (32d) edition of the folio of flood control and navigation maps, scale 1:62,500, covering Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill., to Gulf of Mexico was compiled and printed. Some 1,808 flight-line miles of aerial pho- tographs (various scales) were flown along Mississippi River and tributaries and other areas in New Orleans, Vicksburg, and Memphis Districts. Work accomplished in the districts: New Orleans District-- One remapped quadrangle, Black Bay, La., and seven series conversions of Denham Springs, Donaldsonville, Lac Des Allemands, Mount Airy, Pointe a la Hache, Thibodaux, and Zachary, La., quadrangles were published to the scale of 1:62,500. Series conversions of Baton Rouge, Jeanerette, New Roads, and Springfield quadrangle maps are in progress. Folio of hydrographic-topographic maps of the Mississippi River was published to the scale 1:20,000. Compilation of hydrographic-topographic maps of the Atchafalaya River System, Mississippi River to Atchafalaya Bay is in progress, Vicksburg District--Seven series conversions of Louann and 1596 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 Smackover Ark., and Vicksburg, Talla Bena, Davis Island, Locust Ridge, and Natchez, Miss., quadrangles with addition of flood control features, were completed and printed. Series conversion of the Utica, Miss., quadrangle, with addition of flood control features, was completed and color separations ready for printing. Folio of hydrographic-topographic maps of the Mississippi River survey from mouth of White River, Miss., to Black Hawk, La., was published to the scale 1:20,000. Memphis District--One remapped quadrangle (Osceola, Ark.) and one revised quadrangle (Whitmore, Ark.) were published. Color separations of revised quadrangle, Princedale, Ark., and series conversions of Newport, Ark., and Puxico, Zalma, and Ad- vance, Mo., are in final editing stage. Series conversions of Bloomfield, Morley, Sikeston, and Harviell, Mo., Knobel, Kensett, and Hazen, Ark., Reelfoot Lake, Tenn., and Farrell, Ark.-Miss., are under way. Folio of hydrographic-topographic maps of Mis- sissippi River from Cairo, Ill., to the mouth of White River was published to the scale of 1:20,000. Sixteen topographic photo maps of lower St. Francis Basin were completed.

Mississippi River-Levees Work included enlargement of 9.3 miles of existing levee to approved grade and section, the construction of 11.4 miles of artificial berms, the enlargement of levee dike, and the restoration of eroded portions of existing levees. Surfacing material was placed on 46.5 miles of levee roads and 5.5 miles of roadway embankment on levees were constructed. Along the lower Mis- sissippi River below Baton Rouge, 2.5 miles of new wavewash protection work were constructed to protect the levees from erosion by wash caused by passage of ocean vessels. For further details see tables E-1, E-2, E-3, and E-5. Flood control work under section 6, May 15, 1928 Act. None. See table E-4 for data concerning work accomplished under section 6 in prior years. Mississippi River-Channel Improvements Engineering studies: (a) Continued a research program for development of materials and more effective and economical procedures for placing and stabilizing Mississippi River in a suitable alignment. (b) Completed an investigation to determine feasibility and desirability of a realignment and shortening of Mississippi River by means of a cutoff across Slough Landing Neck in vicinity of Bessie, Tenn., approximately 60 miles below Cairo, Ill. Con- struction of a cutoff was not recommended. Bank revetment and dikes: Hired labor placed 19.3 miles of new bank revetment and reinforcement of 3.1 miles of existing revetment on the Mississippi River. Further data concerning this work are shown by districts in tables D-1 through D-3. Dredging: Work included dredging 63,497,000 cubic yards for channel and harbor maintenance and channel construction and revetment. Minimum channel depth of 9 feet was maintained except for short periods of time at four locations in the Memphis MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1597 District. Dredging shown below was accomplished with the following plant: New Orleans District, one leased cutterhead dredge; Vicksburg District, one Government-owned dustpan dredge and two leased cutterhead dredges; and Memphis District, three Government-owned dredges and four leased cutterhead dredges.

Location Dredging in 1,000 cubic yards

Mileage District above Head Channel Revetment Maintenance Total of Passes construction construction New Orleans Baton Rouge Harbor...... 235 ...... 137 137 Vicksburg Main-stem channel...... 323-598 2,485 950 12,872 16,307 Vicksburg Harbor...... 437.1 ...... 38 38 )femphis Main-stem channel...... 612-947 21,759 ...... 23,449 45,208 Memphis Harbor...... 726 ...... 1,622 1,622 New Madrid Harbor ...... 889 ...... 185 185 Total ...... 24,244 950 38,303 63,497

Other work performed in interest of navigation, supplementing maintenance dredging on Mississippi River between Cairo, Ill., and Baton Rouge, La., included removal of snags, wrecks, and obstructions; weekly channel patrols during low water season and Periodic channel patrols during high water season; issuance of navigation bulletins by Memphis, Vicksburg, and New Orleans Districts, providing steering directions, information on available channel depths and high-water velocities at selected locations; buoyage of crossings during low water for Coast Guard on a reimburseable basis; placing and maintaining dike and high water buoys during the high water season; maintaining bulletin boards showing daily gage readings at regular MRC gages; and contact pilot service furnishing' navigation with latest information and advice on channel conditions and obtaining their views as to needs of navigation. Cost of this work is given in table G. Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp), La. (New Orleans Dist.): Clearing dikes and borrow areas; constructing sluice boxes and cross dikes; necessary rehabilitation of existing dikes; and topping front, back intermediate, and cross dikes were accomplished by hired labor. Memphis Harbor (Tennessee Chute), Tenn. (Memphis Dist.): Supply contract for restoration of 1.1 miles of eroded levee was awarded in June 1965. Construction of the pumping station is 69 percent complete. Atchafalaya Basin, La. New Orleans District: (Atchafalaya Basin, Morganza and West Atchafalaya Floodways, and Atchafalaya River.) (a) Atchafalaya River. Construction of 2.7 miles of levee enlargement between Three Rivers and Red Cross on the left bank, and 1.2 miles between Krotz Springs and Leon on the right bank, was accomplished under two contracts. Revetment maintenance consisted of placing 999 squares of articulated concrete mattress and 1,857 tons of riprap upper bank paving at three 1598 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 locations on the Atchafalaya River. Mattresses were placed by Vicksburg District and upper bank paving by contract. (b) Atchafalaya Basin Floodway. Maintenance: A contract for unwatering, repairing, and painting sector gates at Bayou Boeuf lock was commenced July 15, 1964, and completed March 15, 1965. At Bayou Chene and Bayou Black cutoff, 204,541 cubic yards were dredged by leased dredge. Work accomplished by hired labor forces consisted of clearing sedimentation and hydrographic ranges in Atchafalaya and Morganza Floodways; clearing on south bank at confluence of Bayou Chene and Bayou Black; repairing and painting highway bridge at Charenton floodgate; repairing lock chamber, south approach guidewall, and buildings at Bayou Sorrel lock; and repairing Bayou Boeuf lock chamber and approach guidewalls. Modification and painting of Berwick lock sector gates, and clearing and shaping spoil for landside drainage at Baldwin portion of Charenton Canal are in progress. Protection levees: Construction on east protection levee system: 4.5 miles of interim topping, 4 miles of berms, and an additional 7 miles of berms under construction. In addition three levee test sections were constructed in east protection levee to help solve design problems. On levees west of Berwick and lower Atchafalaya River, contracts are in progress for enlargement of Wax Lake East levee, East and West Bayou Sale levee, and Teche Ridge levee. Interior drainage west of Berwick: Construction of Wax Lake West pumping station, commenced June 14, 1963, by contract which was terminated when 61 percent complete last fiscal year, was completed under a new contract April 13, 1965. Mainte- nance by hired labor forces at Gordy pumping station consisted of construction of a 6-inch concrete slab under the pumping station, replacing 40 linear feet of metal culvert, and building dikes for drainage. Under reimbursable agreement with State of Louisi- ana, Department of Highways, for relocation of U.S. Highway 190 between Courtableau and Krotz Springs, placement of select material and temporary surfacing, continued and is substantially complete. The relocated highway was opened to traffic May 13, 1965. Atchafalaya Basin dredging. Channel enlargement accomplished under two contracts follows:

Fiscal year Location Miles Initiated Completed 1965 S1,000 cubic yards

Bayou Chene-Chicot Pass...... 78.5-85.1 ...... July 22, 1964...... Not complete...... 10,131 Lake Mongoulois, Bayou Chene- 70.5-76.0...... Nov. 9, 1964...... Not complete...... 6,348 Tarleton Bayou.

Land acquisition and flowage easements. Acquisition of flowage easements and exchange of rights-of-way under relocation contract are incomplete. Texas & Pacific Railway Co. must con- vey three flowage easement tracts and release the United States from damages for flooding their tracts at ground level in the MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1599 West Atchafalaya Floodway. Tracts already in condemnation are complete. In Morganza Floodway, one ,flowage easement tract must be acquired. In Atchafalaya Basin Floodway below latitude of Krotz Springs, acquisition of flowage easements for project, "Bayou Chene and vicinity," is complete. There are 175 Perpetual dredging and spoil-disposal easements to be acquired for proposed construction dredging in the Atchafalaya main channel. Twenty ,were acquired by direct acquisition-30 by condemnation proceedings. Of the remaining 125, condemnation will be filed early in July on 17 tracts, two will be donated and 27 acquired, by direct acquisition. Negotiations on the remaining 79 tracts will commence in early July or early August. To be acquired also are perpetual dredging and spoil-disposal easements in 63 tracts in the East Access Channel. Negotiations:for offers are scheduled to begin in July. Acquisition of flowage easements in connection with project, "Lands below the latitude of Krotz Springs," is on a claim basis. There are an estimated 250 claims (or tracts) involved. Claims have been received covering 154 tracts, 84 of which have been paid, 55 tracts (or claims) cannot be settled because of title difficulties or owners' refusal to settle on basis of appraisal of damage. One claim was withdrawn, nine claims eliminated as covering lands "subject to frequent overflow," and five claims are being examined for payment. Ap- proximately 62 percent of total-estimate claims has been received and processed, and approximately 55 percent of claims received has been settled amicably. Acquisition of all lands for construction of Bayou Boeuf lock is complete. Acquisition of one fee tract for Bayou Courtableau control structure is complete. All other lands required for inlet and outlet channels, including relocation of utilities, are being acquired by local levee boards subject to reimbursement by the United States. All rights-of-way have been acquired by levee boards and made available for construction. Operation and maintenance of structures: Bayou Boeuf, Berwick, and Bayou Sorrel navigation locks were operated and maintained as parts of Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, Bayou Teche and alternate Gulf Intracoastal Waterway route between Morgan City and Port Allen. Other structures were operated and maintained as required. (c) Morganza Floodway (includes Morganza structure). Or- dinary maintenance of floodway and control sturcture was accomplished as required. High-level railroads and highways: Exchange agreements with New Orleans, Texas & Mexico Railway Co. covering Morganza Floodway and West Atchafalaya Floodway high-level crossings and for State Highway 1 (formerly State Highway 30) and Texas & Pacific Railway across Morganza control structure have been completed. (d) Atchafalaya River navigation: One leased dredge removed 624,329 cubic yards of shoaled material to restore project dimensions of navigation channel through Grand and Six Mile Lakes. 1600 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965

Bayou Cocodrie and Tributaries, La. Design memorandum on hydrology and hydraulics was revised. Work on the detail design memorandum for enlargement of the Bayou Courtableau drainage structure continued, and at end of fiscal year was 95 percent complete.

Lake Pontchartrain, La. Levee enlargement and wavewash protection of lakeshore levee across Jefferson Parish by contract, consisted of placing 68,740 cubic yards for levee enlargement, construction of a launching ramp and parking area, and placing 2,483 tons of riprap slope paving over 675 linear feet of levee and 1,200 cubic yards of shell for walkways. Topping of protection levee between Jefferson and St. Charles Parishes consisted of placing 23,455 cubic yards of earth fill, by contract. Old River, La. (a) Control structures: Construction and maintenance, under two contracts, consisted of placing 108,727 tons of riprap and derrick stone to repair and extend scour protection in the outflow channel. Leased dredge, under contract commenced last fiscal year, moved 666,342 cubic yards of shoaled material from the outflow channel to provide access to channel for scour protection work. Maintenance by hired labor included grading and shaping caved area on north bank of outflow channel, commenced June 24 and completed on September 14, 1964, and slide repairs at control structure tie-in levee, accomplished between July 6 and 9, 1964. (b) Lock and approach channels: Construction of Old River navigation lock highway bridge and approaches, initiated October 1, 1963, was completed March 30, 1965. Maintenance dredging consisted of moving 53,102 cubic yards from lock forebay channel by leased dredge. (c) Land acquisition: Complete.

Lower Red River, La. Bank protection consisted of constructing 1,315 squares of lumber mattress and placing 6,717 tons of stone at Dupre levee, mile 83.8, by contract, between September 16 and November 5, 1964. Hired labor forces repaired dikes at four locations. Tensas Basin, La. and Ark. Vicksburg District: Red River backwater area. Planning and design is continuing. Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure was maintained and operated. Boeuf and Tensas Basin, La. and Ark. Planning, surveys, and studies are continuing. Channel improvement and related works progressed as follows: (a) Bayou Macon, Ark. and La. Channel cutoff, clearing and snagging, and cleanout in reach 6, Ark., mile 124.02 to 146.4 (improved mileage) was completed October 31, 1964. Operations during fiscal year comprised 3.9 miles cleanout and 11.2 miles clearing and snagging; (b) Caney Bayou, Ark. Channel enlargement, cleanout, and clearing and snagging in the MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1601 lower 7.4 miles was completed September 27, 1964. Fiscal year operations comprised 344,593 cubic yards channel excavation, 0.33 mile clearing and snagging, and 1.3 miles cleanout. Relo- cations of Arkansas State Highway 52 bridge, and one county bridge were completed; (c) Rush Bayou, Ark. Clearing and Snagging in lower 6.73 miles started December 2, 1964, and was Completed April 4, 1965; (d) Canal 19 extension, Ark. Channel enlargement between mile 50.2 and 59.8 started January 27, 1965, and is 76 percent complete. Operations during fiscal year com- Prised 586,808 cubic yards of channel excavation. Relocation of two Arkansas State Highway bridges started April 16, 1965. Lower Arkansas Basin, Ark. Arkansas River levees: Artificial levee berm construction continued with completion of 1.6 miles on south bank. An additional 6.8 miles of levee berms are under construction. Restored 3.1 miles of north bank and 3.3 miles of south bank levee berm, and 0.75 mile of south bank levee. Yazoo Basin, Miss. Yazoo City protection works: Hired labor forces continued operation and maintenance of pumping plant, levees, and drainage facilities. Greenwood protection works: Big Sand Creek diversion channel floodgate was completed July 3, 1964. Hired labor forces continued maintenance of completed levees and maintenance and operation of floodgates and pumping station. Main stem: Planning and design of levees and channel improve- mients are continuing. Construction: (a) Levees. Wasp Lake to Marksville new levee, 8.0 miles long, including 2.4 miles of gravel surfacing, started December 14, 1964, and is 23 percent Complete. Placed 187,500 cubic yards of levee embankment. (b) Channel improvements. Philipp cutoff. Completed Novem- ber 9, 1964. Operations during fiscal year comprised 659,644 cubic yards of excavation. Hired labor forces raised the weir and Constructed a dam in Greenwood cutoff. (c) Channel maintenance. Random clearing and snagging and herbicide willow control continued as required in Coldwater, Tallahatchie, and Yazoo Rivers and Will M. Whittington auxiliary channel. Tributaries: Construction: (a) Levees. Hillside Floodway new levee, items 1 and 2, 5.5 miles long, started July 11, 1964, and is 73 percent complete. New levee, item 3, 2.8 miles long, started November 1, 1964, and is 42 percent complete. Placed 752,800 cubic yards of levee embankment. Relocations of I.C.R.R. bridge over Parker Bayou, and of two county roads are Underway. (b) Channel improvements. Tchula Lake, channel enlargement, realignment, and clearing and snagging between mile 0.0 and 26.4 was completed December 22, 1964. Fiscal year operations comprised 1,544,461 cubic yards channel excavation and 3.2 miles clearing and snagging. Owners were reimbursed for relocation of three powerlines. (c) Maintenance. Mainte- nance of channels of Yalobusha, Little Tallahatchie, and Yocona Rivers, Cassidy, David, and Burrell, and Bobo Bayous and Ascal- 1602 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 more Creek by random clearing and snagging and herbicide willow control continued as required. Grenada Reservoir. (See Table C.) Construction and maintenance of public use facilities is continuing. The dam and appurtenant structures were maintained and operated. Mainte- nance and snagging and clearing of tributary streams in the reservoir area continued. Soil,Conservation Service was reimbursed for restoration of other tributary streams. Maximum pool elevation in reservoir during fiscal year was 219.65 feet above mean sea level on July 1, 1964, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 646,700 acre-feet. Peak inflow was 34,000 cubic feet per second on February 12, 1965. On June 30, 1965, pool elevation was 209.25 feet above mean sea level, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 282,700 acre-feet. Enid Reservoir. (See Table C.) Construction and maintenance of public use facilities are continuing. The dam and appurtenant structures were maintained and operated.: Reconstruc- tion of the toe drainage system was completed. Rehabilitation of boat channels, and snagging and clearing of tributary streams in the reservoir area is continuing. Reforestation in the reservoir area, and restoration of borrow pit and waste area are underway, Maximum pool elevation in reservoir was 253,02 feet above mean sea level on April 16, 1965, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 264,100 acre-feet. Peak inflow was 24,000 cubic feet per second on February 11, 1965. One June 30, 1965, pool elevation was 247.38 feet above mean sea level, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 172,500 acre-feet. Sardis Reservoir. (See Table C.) Construction and maintenance of public use facilities is continuing. The dam and appurtenant structures were maintained and operated. Clearing of tributary streams in the reservoir area is continuing. Maximum pool elevation in reservoir was 269.30 feet above mean sea level on April 8, 1965, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 866,500 acre-feet. Peak inflow was 35,000 cubic feet per second on March 27, 1965. On June 30, 1965, pool elevation was 257.04 feet above mean sea level, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 428,600 acre-feet. Arkabutla Reservoir. (See Table C.) Construction of public use facilities is continuing. The dam and appurtenant structures were maintained and operated. Clearing of tributary streams in the reservoir area is continuing. Reconstruction of the spillway outlet channel started June 22, 1965. Maximum pool elevation in reservoir was 231.18 feet above mean sea level on April 2, 1965, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 291,100 acre-feet. Peak inflow was 32,000 cubic feet per second on March 29, 1965. On June 30, 1965, pool elevation was 216.59 feet above mean sea level, when storage in flood control pool amounted to 53,000 acre- feet. Yazoo Basin backwater: Construction of 2.8 miles of new levee and connecting channel, items 4 and 5, completed August 25, 1964. Construction of item 6, 1.8 miles, continued to 94 percent of completion. Item 8, 1.7 miles, started October 21, 1964, and is 21 percent complete. Operation during fiscal year comprised MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1603 1,312,383 cubic yards of levee embankment, and 2,919,300 cubic yards of channel excavation. Big Sunflower River, etc.: (a) Big Sunflower River. Clearing and snagging between Hushpuckena River and Clarksdale was completed July 22, 1964. Clearing and snagging in the reach above Clarksdale and channel cleanout in Mill Creek, tributary of Big Sunflower River, started November 15, 1964, and is 19 percent complete. Operations during fiscal year comprised 10.36 miles clearing and snagging. Owners were reimbursed for alteration of Sunflower County road. (b) Dawson Bayou. Clearing and snagging in lower 11.45 miles started July 9 and was completed November 14, 1964. (c) Dowling, Ditchlow, and Twin Lakes Bayous. Clearing and snagging and channel cleanout in these tributaries of Big Sunflower River started September 14, 1964, and is 84 percent complete. Fiscal year operations comprised 6.05 miles clearing and snagging and 4.5 miles cleanout. (d) Bogue Phalia Cutoff. Clearing and snagging in 4.61 miles of the channel was completed August 1, 1964. Lower White River, Ark. Memphis District: White River backwater levee and pumping station feature was completed in February 1965.

St. Francis Basin, Ark. and Mo. Little River drainage: Four contracts for channel excavation were awarded or underway. Two completed contracts involved 4,920,284 cubic yards. Construction contract for county bridge across ditch 81 is 99 percent complete. Eight reimbursable contracts were underway or awarded for alteration of St. Louis-San Francisco Railway bridges across ditches 1 and 66, and St. Louis- Southwestern Railway bridges across ditches 1, 81, and 251; alteration of U.S. Highway 62 bridges across ditches 1, 251, and 290; and alteration of Missouri Highway 84 bridges across ditches 1 and 66, and Highway "D (New Madrid Co.)" across ditch 251. Other channel improvement: (a) St. Francis River and Flood- way. Contract for bank protection and channel rectification at county bridge No. 1 across Clarks Corner Cutoff was completed in November 1964. Below Kennett, Mo., ditch 25 in floodway was restored by excavating 10,777 cubic yards. (b) Lower St. Francis River, East of Floodway. Two of three ditch items underway were completed. Excavation of 340,797 cubic yards provides interior drainage outlets for drainage intercepted by east floodway levees. Contract for 12.1 miles of channel clearing on Tyronza River was awarded and is 9 percent complete. Reim- bursable contract for alteration of Arkansas Highway 357 bridge across Blackfish Bayou is 52 percent complete. Levees: Placement of 1,983,520 cubic yards for new levees and 158,757 cubic yards for restoration of eroded levees was accomplished. Wappapello Reservoir. (See Table C.) Construction of public-use facilities continued. Dam and appurtenant structures were maintained in operating condition and malaria-control op- 1604 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 erations continued. Leasing of reservoir lands continued and patrol of the leased property was maintained. Fish and wildlife conservation program conducted jointly with the Missouri Con- servation Commission was continued. Reservoir was nominally empty of flood storage at the beginning and end of the fiscal year and the water level was controlled insofar as possible in accordance with the malaria-control program. Maximum water surface elevation during the year was 362.33 mean sea level on April 8-9, 1965, with a net flood storage of 59,000 acre-feet. Peak inflow into the reservoir was 13,600 cubic feet per second on April 3, 1965. Maximum outflow during the year was 5,650 cubic feet per second on April 9, 1965.

West Tennessee Tributaries, Tenn. Obion River, Tenn.: Contract work continued, with the excavation of 2,820,042 cubic yards. Construction of one county bridge is 26 percent complete. Construction contract has been awarded for one county bridge across North Fork. Three reimbursable contracts were awarded for alterations of railroad bridges as follows: Illinois Central across Obion River, Gulf, Mobile, and Ohio across South Fork, and Illinois Central across South and Middle Forks. Forked Deer River, Tenn.: Two items of channel work are 57 percent complete with excavation of 1,155,709 cubic yards.

Wolf River and Tributaries, Tenn. Modification of reimbursable contract for alteration of railroad bridge of Louisville and Nashville across Wolf River provides a new long-span bridge which is 60 percent complete. Construc- tion contract for Fletcher Creek erosion control structure and channel work is complete with excavation of 11,393 cubic yards.

Floods Memphis District: Late March rains in the Ohio, Tennessee, and Cumberland Basins produced Mississippi River crest stage of 47.44 feet at Cairo gage on April 8, 1965, and maximum discharge of about 1,140,000 cubic feet per second. Operation of flood control works reduced stages in the St. Francis Basin to crest of 18.72 feet on St. Francis, Ark., gage on April 15, 1965. Opera- tion of upstream reservoir system reduced stages on Lower White River to crest of 26.10 feet on February 19-20, 1965, at Clarendon, Ark. West Tennessee tributaries crests were 19.63 feet on Feb- ruary 18, 1965, on Obion River at Bogota, Tenn.; 25.63 feet on February 15, 1965, on North Fork Forked Deer River at Dyers- burg; 18.21 feet on April 6, 1965, on Hatchie River at Rialto; 26.98 feet on February 12, 1965, on Loosahatchie River at Bruns- wick; and 11.77 feet on March 29, 1965, on Wolf River at Raleigh. Vicksburg District: Stages on the Mississippi River were rather low from July to December. Crest stages varied from about 10 feet below flood stage at Arkansas City to about 4 feet below flood stage at Natchez. Crest stages occurred in April. River remained about normal until latter part of June. Stages on Ouachita River were low from July 1964 to January 1965. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1605 Crest stages occurred in the upper reaches during February with a stage 3.9 feet above flood stage at Arkadelphia and 8.9 feet above flood stage at Camden. Stage at Monroe crested in March 8.4 feet below flood stage. Black River at Jonesville crested 6.1 feet below flood stage in April. It is estimated that the operation of Blakely Mountain Reservoir reduced the crest stage at Arka- delphia 3.1 feet. The Narrows and Blakely Mountain Reservoirs reduced the crest stage at Camden about 1.7 feet. Stages on Tensas River were also low except for slight rises in February and April which were well below bankfull. Principal rises on the Coldwater-Tallahatchie-Yazoo Rivers occurred during Feb- ruary, March, and April 1965. Crest stages were 1.8 feet above flood stage at Swan Lake, 4.7 feet below at Greenwood, and 0.1 foot above at Yazoo City. Operation of flood control work ef- fected reductions averaging 4 feet on the Coldwater and Talla- hatchie Rivers and 5 feet at Greenwood. Big Black River crested in April 1965 with stages averaging about 6 feet above bankfull in the upper reaches and about 5 feet above in the lower portion. Principal rise on Sunflower River crested in April 1965 with stages generally below bankfull. New Orleans District: No floods occurred on Mississippi, At- chafalaya, and Red Rivers within New Orleans District. Red River Landing gage (flood stage 45 feet) recorded 42.4 feet on April 24, 1965. Mississippi River at New Orleans (flood stage 17 feet) crested April 27, 1965, at a stage of 13.9 feet. Simmes- port gage (flood stage 41 feet) at head of the Atchafalaya Basin recorded a maximum of 34.0 feet on April 27, 1965. On Red River at Alexandria (flood stage 32 feet) highest stage recorded was 23.8 feet on February 16, 1965. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of existing project began in 1928 and has continued throughout ensuing years. Based on current estimated cost of $2,141,196,900 and actual cost of $1,364,166,400, entire project is about 64 percent complete. Results of continuing surveys of Mississippi River below Cairo are in published folio of maps, entitled "Flood Control and Navi- gation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico, 1964." Contoured quadrangles, general maps of alluvial Valley, and pamphlets tabulating river stages, discharge measure- Inents, etc., are available for departmental use and public distri- bution under prescribed regulations. Road-map-type information folders of principal portions of overall project were published along with papers on subjects of flood control and navigation. Present construction status of project features listed in tables A and B follows: Mississippi River levees: There are 1,732 miles of Mississippi River levees below Cape Girardeau (including 151 miles on north bank of lower Ohio River, and south banks of lower Arkansas and Red Rivers). There are 1,660 miles of these levees built to project grade and section. Graveled or hard-surfaced roads were constructed on 742 miles of these levees. Below Baton Rouge, in New Orleans District, about 130 miles of levee are protected against river wavewash by timber structures or levee-slope pave- mlent. Shore-erosion-protection works were constructed along 74 1606 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 miles of levee. In order to insure adequacy of main stem levees, including those on south banks of Arkansas and Red Rivers, additional levee construction is recommended to provide a standard 3-foot freeboard, adequate levee cross section, construction of berms for levee stabilization and seepage control, levee wavewash protection where necessary, drainage structures, and roadways for proper inspection and maintenance. Bonnet Carre Spillway, La.: Spillway structure was completed in February 1931, and remaining work completed in December 1936. Operation and maintenance of spillway carried on as required (See pp. 2089-91, Annual Report for 1938 for description.) Birds Point-New Madrid Floodway, Mo.: Plans, designs, and specifications are complete for a levee and closure structure to prevent backwater flooding in lower end of floodway. Contract not awarded due to inability of local interests to furnish required local cooperation. Flood control work under section 6, May 15, 1928 Act.: Levees constructed under provisions of section 6, 1928 act, as summarized in table E-4, include 129.4 miles of levee along banks of Missis- sippi River between Cape Girardeau, Mo., and Rock Island, Ill., and 306.2 miles along tributaries within limits of Mississippi River backwater. Mississippi River--channel improvement: In carrying out authorized channel improvement program between Baton Rouge and Cairo, 16 cutoffs were developed between 1933 and 1942. These, combined with chute channel development and alinement improvements, decreased channel length between these cities by about 180 miles. Effect of this channel shortening, in increasing its flood-carrying capacity, is stated on page 1811, Annual Report for 1943. Much progress has been made in advancing overall channel stabilization program, involving construction of bank revetment, dikes, and improvement dredging, to prevent river from regaining its former length due to its natural tendency to mean- der. There are now in place 531 miles of operative bank revetment on Mississippi and lower Ohio Rivers as listed on tables D-1, through D-3. A navigation channel 9 by 300 feet is maintained by dredging as required during low-water season. Since 1928, annual maintenance dredging has averaged about 30 million. cubic yards. Due to growing effectiveness of channel improvement program, average low-water maintenance dredging requirements are steadily being reduced, and an increase in navigable depth is being obtained. A long-range plan has been developed and recommended to bring about desired program of channel improvement between Cairo and Head of Passes including additional bank revetment, dredging, training works, and foreshore protection. Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp): Construction was initiated January 1958 and 7,458,086 cubic yards excavated in com- pleting 2.5 miles of proposed 5-mile channel to project dimensions. Construction of retaining dikes to project dimensions is required to complete this segment. This section is 84 percent complete and project as a whole is 31 percent complete. .MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1607 Vicksburg Harbor:.Construction started in December 1956 and Was completed in December 1960. Greenville Harbor: Construction started in February 1961 and Was completed in April 1963. Memphis Harbor. (Tennessee Chute): Presidents Island portion of project is complete.: Ensley left-bank chute levee is 97 Percent complete and project as a whole is 89 percent complete. Atchafalaya Basin, La.: (a) Wax Lake Outlet and Charenton Canal. Complete. (b) Atchafalaya 'River. Levees extend along both banks of the river. Of the 51.0 miles in east bank system, 50.8 miles of levee and 0.3 mile of berm were built to approved grade and section, and of the 60.7 miles in the west bank system, 60.0 miles Were built to approved grade, with minor deficiencies in section. Ring'levees are complete at Simmesport, Melville, and Krotz Springs. There are 2.8 miles of operative bank revetment. (See tables D-1 and E-1.) " (c) Atchafalaya Basin Floodway. Levees were built on west side of Atchafalaya Basin from Mansura Hills to Charenton drainage canal and on east side from Morganza to Cutoff Bayou. For status of these levees see table E-1. Landside: borrow pit channels were excavated along west protection levee between Bayou des Glaises diversion canal at Hamburg and Charenton drainage canal, and along east protection levee between Fordoche and Ramah for passage of intercepted drainage. Floodway and basin improvements, other than levees, completed prior to 1962 are described on pages 1884 and 1885 of Annual Report for 1943, on page 2030 of Annual Report for 1961, and on page 1808 of Annual Report for 1963. Improvements completed since then are: Construction of Gordy, Centerville, and Wax Lake West Pumping stations, and construction of siphon and appurtenant Work in Wax Lake East drainage area north of Bayou Teche.

A tchafalaya Basin improvement dredging accomplished Mile to mile Areat

Square feet ...... 63.7...... 80,000 63.7 ...... 40,000 67...... 5...... 0,000 70...... 76.0...... 240,000 7.0 ...... 78...... 80,000 78 ...... 85.1...... 240,000 85.1...... 6.2...... 80000..

Cross sectional end area below the project flowline. SUnder contract to enlarge to 60,000 square feet. Work, other than levees, now in progress consists of relocation of U.S. Highway 190 over West Atchafalaya Floodway between Courtableau and Krotz Springs, which is 87 percent complete. Atchafalaya Basin Floodway is approximately 46 percent com- Plete. (d) Morganza Floodway (includes Morganza control structure). Floodway was completed February 1960. (See p. 2031, Annual Report for 1961 for description.) 1608 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 (e) Atchafalaya River navigation. Navigation improvement authorized by act of September 3, 1954, was completed February 1956, to give a controlling depth of 12 feet over a bottom width of 125 feet. Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries, Louisiana. Project was initiated June 1946 and is 55 percent complete. (See p. 2031, Annual Report for 1961 for description of completed work.) Lake Pontchartrain,La.: Constructed 17.4 miles of levee along shore of Lake Pontchartrain, including lateral levees to high ground (see table E-1.). Also completed 10.3 miles of wavewash protection (see table E-5.). Work remaining to complete project consists of placing additional fill and shaping and dressing levees. Project is 99 percent complete. Amite River, La.: Desired bank protection work was completed by local interests and project recommended for deauthorization. Old River, La.: Construction was initiated September 1955 and is 87 percent complete. Scour protection in inflow and outflow channel and bank stabilization remain to be completed. Con- structed 6.8 miles of new levee and 8.7 miles of levee enlargement. Improvements, other than levees, completed prior to this fiscal year are described on page 1809 of Annual Report for 1963. Improvements completed since then are overbank clearing of 2,313 acres in vicinity of control structures completed September 1963; final closure of Old River by construction of an earthfill dam completed October 1963; shaping and enlarging north spoil bank of outflow channel between tie-in levee and Red River completed January 1964; and 152,184 tons of stone were placed to maintain and extend scour protection in outflow channel. Con- struction of highway bridge and approaches over navigation lock was initiated October 1963 and completed March 1965. Lower Red River, La.: Levees were built to approved grade but are deficient in section (see table E-1.). Built 3 miles of dikes and 3.8 miles of standard revetment (see table D-1.). Project is 49 percent complete. Jonesville, La.: Authorized project consisting of ring levee, floodwall, pumping plant and appurtenant closure structures, outlet ditch, and storm sewer is complete. Tensas Basin, La. and Ark.: (a) Red River backwater area, Louisiana. Levees and appurtenant drainage facilities in Ten- sas-Cocodrie area are complete. The work comprises 93.1 miles of new levee, excluding 2.1 miles of high ground where no levees are required, 72.3 miles of gravel roads on levees, and appurtenant drainage facilities. Planning and design of Larto Lake to Jonesville levees west of Black River are underway. (b) Boeuf and Tensas Basin, La. and Ark. Boeuf Basin levees, constructed between 1929 and 1937, are a feature of Ouachita River levee system, and included in report of Vicksburg District. Channel improvement completed as follows: Big and Colewa Creeks-75.5 miles; Tensas River-96.5 miles; Bayou Lafourche -44.6 miles; Boeuf River-103.9 miles; canal 19-50.2 miles; canal 18--10.3 ,miles; canal 43-34.5 miles; canal 81---32.7 miles; Big Bayou-33.3 miles; Black Pond Slough-14.3 miles; Fleschman's Bayou-6.6 miles; Bayou Macon-146.4 miles; MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1609 Caney Bayou-7.4 miles; and Rush Bayou-6.7 miles. Exten- sion of canal 19, consisting of 9.6 miles of channel enlargement, is in progress. Improvements completed and underway involve 302.19 miles of clearing and snagging and 99,902,000 cubic yards of excavation. Lower Arkansas Basin, Ark., Arkansas River levees: Com- pleted 56.2 miles of the 61.5 miles of north bank levees and all 85.6 miles of south bank levees to approved grade and section. These levees above mile 40 are protected by bank-protection works constructed as a feature of project for Arkansas River and tributaries, Arkansas and Oklahoma. For present status of this work see report of Little Rock District. Grand Prairie Region and Bayou Meto Basin: Work not started. Yazoo Basin, Miss.: (a) Yazoo Basin headwater. The four reservoirs are in operation and maintenance and rehabilitiation of dams and appurtenant structures are continuing as required. Public-access and basic public-use facilities have been or are being provided at all four reservoirs. State-built parks have lodges, cottages, and boating facilities at Sardis and Grenada Reservoirs and State and national organizations constructed necessary group camp facilities at the same two reservoirs. Chan- nel improvements on Coldwater-Tallahatchie-Yazoo Rivers are complete except for one cutoff in Tallahatchie River. Construc- tion of Will M. Whittington auxiliary channel is complete. Im- provement of these streams involved 345 miles of clearing and snagging and 61,121,000 cubic yards of excavation. Construc- tion of Greenwood protection works is complete except for diversion of Big Sand Creek, a tributary of Pelucia Bayou, and extension of levees. Construction of Belzoni and Yazoo City protection works is complete. (b) Yazoo Basin backwater. About 9 miles of new levee is complete to approved grade and section. (c) Big Sunflower River, etc. Channel improvements completed as follows: Big Sunflower River--187.7 miles; Little Sun- flower River-21.6 miles; Quiver River-59.7 miles; Turkey Bayou-5.6 miles; Marsh Bayou---4 miles; Fighting Bayou--4.1 miles; Parks Bayou-9.4 miles; Bogue Phalia-59.2 miles; Bogue Phalia Cutoff-4.6 miles; Clear Creek-13.2 miles; Bogue Hasty -- 6.5 miles; Snake Creek-9.8 miles; Dawson Bayou---11.5 miles; Porter's Bayou-12.5 miles; Jones Bayou-7.5 miles; Mound Bayou -5.2 miles; Black Bayou--4.7 miles; Hushpuckena River- 27.5 miles; Harris Bayou-21 miles; Steele Bayou and canal 9 -- 76 miles; and Deer Creek--7 miles. Mileages listed do not include no-work reaches in which existing channel capacities are considered adequate. Following work is in progress: Big Sun- flower River above Clarksdale and Mill Creek; and Dowling, Ditchlow, and Twin Lakes Bayous. Improvements completed and underway involve 481 miles of clearing and snagging and 20,012,000 cubic yards of channel excavation. Lower White River, Ark.: (a) White River backwater levee. Levee and pumping plant are complete. (b) Augusta to Clarendon, Ark. Forty miles of levee along 11610 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 east bank of White River are complete to project grade and section. (c) De Valls Bluff and Des Arc, Ark. Local protection work completed. (d) Cache Basin, Ark. Work has not been started. St. Francis Basin; Ark.,and Mo. On west bank of St. Francis River,; 150 miles of levee are to project grade and section. On east bank of the St. Francis River, 134 miles are to project grade and section. A total of 64 miles of channel improvement and cutoffs'on thelower St. Francis River has been completed. Com- pleted 44 :miles of channel improvement on Little River. Levee along Little River is complete. In Elk Chute Drainage District, 34 miles of levee are to project grade and section. Work on levees and drainage improvements is in progress. L'Anguille Basin, Ark. L'Anguille River below mile 5 was cleaned out as part of St. Francis project. West Tennessee tributaries, Tenn. Channel improvement is underway., Excavation work is 29 percent complete and 26 miles of channel cleanout completed. Reelfoot Lake area,, Tenn. and Ky. Running Reelfoot Bayou is complete. Wolf River and tributaries, Tenn. and Miss. Work on channel improvement is in progress and 99 percent complete.

General Investigations Investigations and reports: Surveys and reports prescribed under existing project and called for by congressional or departmental directives are made as required. Reports on tributary streams authorized pursuant to act of January 21, 1927, when presented to Mississippi River Commission in compliance with section 10, act of May 15, 1928, are considered and conclusions and recommendations of the Commission thereon are submitted to the Chief of Engineers. In the Memphis District work on three flood control studies cost $42,982, Vicksburg District expended $17,315 on one navigation report and $61,232 on three flood control studies. New Orleans District initiated a flood control study and expended $11,458. A total of $85,212 was expended on collection and study of basic data. Surveys were made and gages operated and maintained. TABLE D-1. New Orleans District (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965)

Sperations fiscal year 1965

Non- Operative Location Above Bank Construction operative June 30, Head of Mainte- since June 1965 PassesI nance 30,1964 New work Reinforcement (existing) - fI I .- I _ _ I MISSISSIPPI RIVER

Miles Linear feet Linear a Standard revetment: Squares feet Squares Squares Linearfeet Linearfeet Lower Childress-Fort Jackson, La...... 21.5 Right...... 7,124 00 Buras, La...... 25.1 .....do...... 2,900 Port Sulphur, La ...... 39.0 .....do...... 3,995 Third district reach, La...... 92.7 Left...... 20,542 F- Algiers Point, La ...... 95.8 Right...... w Gouldsboro Bend, La...... 7,728 ..... 95.8 .....do...... 4,960 Gretna Bend, La...... 95.8 .....do...... Greenville Bend, La...... 4,127 ...... 100.4 .....do...... 19,870 Carrollton Bend, La ...... 103.6 Left ...... H Avondale Bend, La...... 15,015 ...... 108.5 Richt...... 15,098 Kenner, La ...... 113.7 Left...... Good Hope, La...... 9,089 ...... 125.5 .....do...... 14,980 Reserve, La...... C) 138.1 ....do...... 6,032 New River Bend, La ...... 185.0 .....do...... 7,844 38,941...... 22,154 White Castle, La...... 193.0 Right...... 2,107 7,282 Plaquemine Bend, La ...... 209.0 .....do...... 1,787 Port Allen, La...... 14,761 230.5 .....do...... 3,220 Allendale, La...... 238.0 .....do...... 2,895 17,753 0 Springfield Bend, La.... 17,940 ...... 244.0 Left...... 3,165 15,667 25,690 Arbroth, La ...... z ...... 250.0 Right...... '4,810 13,190 Grand Bay, La ...... 257.5 ....do...... 7,376 7,090 Bayou Sara, La...... 265.0 Left ...... 4,780 19,504 4,780 Red Store, La...... 269.0 Right...... Arrow Bend, La...... 7,830 271.5 Left ...... 4,002 13,600 Boies Point, La ...... 274.5 Right...... Morganza, La...... 9,002 279.0 .....do...... 13,310 Iowa Point, La ...... 282.0 Left...... 856 2,663 Brunette Point, La ...... 10,510 285.0 Right...... 5,990 Greenwood Bend, La ...... 289.0 Left...... 3..231 Carr Point, La...... 303.5 14,504 Right...... 760 1,512 8,600 Above Old River, La...... 304.5 ..... do...... 4,800 See footnote next page. Cr TABLE D-1. New Orleans District-Continued (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965)

Operations fiscal year 1965 O Non- Operative L _ Location Above Bank Construction operative June 30, Head of Mainte- since June 1965 0 Passes nance 30, 1964 1.New work Reinforcement til (existing) 0

MISSISSIPPI RIVER-Continued Miles Linear feet Squares Linear feet Squares Squares Linear feet Linear feet 0tt Standard revetment--Continued Fort Adams, Miss...... 308.3 Left...... 1,225 ...... 17,219 Coochie, La...... 317.0 Riht...... 5,854 ...... 14,660 Palmetto, Miss...... 321.5 Left...... 3,771...... 22,442 Subtotal New Orleans District...... 33,664 158,949 1,616 5,894 33,841 ...... 390,034 O Dikes: r None......

OLD RIVER CONTROL Inflow channel, east bank...... 314.5 Right...... 2,415 z Outflowchannel, east bank...... 314.5 ... do...... 1,030.17576 6,050

CA ' Mississippi River mileages converted to 1962. v

v TABLE D-1. New Orleans District-Continued (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965)

Operations fiscal year 1965 -1 Non- Operative Location Below Bank Construction operative June 30, mouth of Mainte- since June 1965 Red River nance 30, 1964 New work Reinforcement 44 (existing) b ATCHAFALAYA RIVER 0 Miles Linearfeet Squares Linear feet Squares Squares Linear feet Linearfeet Standard revetment:

Atchafalaya River, La...... 1.0 Left...... 2,510 O Legonier, L...... 404.0 .do...... 999 .. 6,640 Simmesport, La...... 5.5 Right...... 5,644 Total standard revetment ...... 999...... 14,794 4-4 Dikes: None - z0 TABLE D-1. New Orleans District-Continued (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965) 0 Operations fiscal year 1965 Non- Operative O Location Above Bank Construction operative June 30, mouth of Mainte- since June 1965 y-4 Red River a nance 30, 1964 New work Reinforcement (existing) I I I-I RED RIVER Aliles Linear feet Squares Linear feet Squares .Squares Linear feet Linear feet Standard revetment: Dupre, La...... 84.0 Right... 11,200 11,315. 2.690 O Egg Bend, La...... 91.0 .....do...... 2,400 Cologne Bend, La ...... 92.0 .....do.... i,. 650 j Roxana, La...... 99.2 .....do...... ii 3,325 Ryland, La...... 104.0 ..... do...... i 3,925 G Hudson, La...... 115.3 ..... do...... 1,458 Alexandria Front, La...... 122.0 ..... do...... 5,550 Z Total standard revetment Red River ...... 1,200 1,315 ...... 19,998 2 Dikes: Choctaw Bayou Bend, La...... 71.6 Right...... 1,563 Bringol (Egg Bend), La...... 90.0 .....do...... 2,477 Egg Bend, La ...... 91.0 ...... 925 I4-> Cologne Bend, La...... 92.1 .....do...... 1,350 Echo, La...... 93.9 ... do...... 1,849 Richardson, La...... 94.5 .....do...... 1,556 Bertrand, 139-139.5 .....do...... La...... do...... do...... 5,014 Boyce, La...... 142.8 ...... 1,069 15,803 Totaldike Red River...... M

1 Constructed with maintenance funds. 01 2Includes all types of dikes and retards. TABLE D-2. Vicksburg District (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965)

Operations fiscal year 1965 Non- Operative Location Above Bank Construction operative June 30, Head of ...... Mainte- since June 1965 Passes I nance 30,1964 1 . New work Reinforcement (existing)

MISSISSIPPI RIVER 02 fMiles Linearfeet I Squares Linear feet Squares Squares Lirearfeet Linear feet 02 Standard Revetment: Bougere Bend,La...;...... 329.0 Right...... 1,780 6,667 2,162 18,968 Morville, La...... 356.5 .;...do.... 5,730 Natchez Island, Miss...... 357.5 .... do..:...... 2,180 Carthage,Miss...... :...... 361.5 Left...... 6,180 02 Natchez Front,Miss...... 364.0 ..... do.... 6,045 '4 Gibson, La...... :...... :...... 371.5 Right...... 9,518 Kempe Bend, La...... :....:...... :...383.5 .....do...... 19,180 Goldbottom, Miss...... 392.0 Left...... 23,300 Hardscrabble, La....:...:...... :.. 398.0 Right...... 22,530 Miss....:..; 403.0 Left...... 24,915 Grand Gulf, ...... 1,940. Lake Karnac, La.-Miss...... ::...... 419.0 .....do...... 601 19,260 Diamond Point, La.-Miss...... 423.0 Right...... 12,125 0 Reid-Bedford,La...... 429.0 .... do.... 18,392 Racetrack, Miss...... 433.0 Left ...... 13,935 Barge Line Terminal, Miss...... 437.0 ...... do.....do...... 3,040 Vicksburg Harbor, Miss...... 437.5 ..do...... 7,350 Delta Point, La...... 437.5 Right...... 7,060 02 9, 275 ....25,099 King's Point--Opposite Delta Point, La:-Miss...... 439.0 19,330 O False Point, La...... 443.0 Right...... 1,335 12,390 Marshall-Brown's Point, La.-Miss ...... 446.5 Left...... 2,626 19,580 Milliken Bend, La...... 453.0 Right...... 44,650 ...... 3 Belle Island, La.-Miss...... 460.5 Left...... 1,700 23,160 Goodrich, 467.5 ...1,253 La...... Left...... Right...... 3,835 3,933 5,242 31,495 Fitler-Cottonwood, Miss...... 474.5 520 1,019 3,448 28,427 Hagaman,La ...... 481.0 Left...... 37,756 Ben Lomond, Miss ...... 486.5 ...... o 10,235 Lake Providence, La ...... 489.0 Right...... 11,600 Baleshed Towhead-Stack Island, Miss ...... 488.0 .....do...... 21,572 18,435 -Mayersville, Miss...... 497.0 Left.... 27,742 Carolina, Miss...... 507.5 .... do..:...... 1,000 2,265 3,082 11,080 Cracraft,Ark...... 511.0 Ri ht:.. 16,830 ...13,102 CA Walnut Point-Kentucky Bend, Miss ...... 519.5 .....;do ...... 5,567 1,309 42,203 American Cutoff, Miss...... 526.0 Le...do...... 2,980 vi! See footnotes at end of table. I-s TABLE D-2. Vicksburg District-Continued (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965)

Operations fiscal year 1965

Non- Operative O Location Above Bank Construction operative June 30, Head of Mainte- sinceJune 1965 Passes nance 30,1964 1 s New work Reinforcement (existing)

MISSISSIPPI RIVER-Continued C3 Standardrevetment-Continued Miles Linear feet Squares Linear feet Squares Squares Linear feet Linear feet Lakeport,Ark...... 525.5 Right...... 15,290 0 and 528.0 Sunnyside, Ark...... 531.5 .... do ...... 11,305 Vaucluse, Ark...... 534.0 .. do...... 4,300 Island 84, Ark...... 35.0 Left...... 13,475 Warfield Point, Miss...... 537.0 do...... 4,320 zmI LaGrange Towhead, Miss...... 538.0 ...do...... 1,855 5,311 ...... 9,130 Spanish Moss, Ark...... 539.0 Rftht...... 4,580 Leland Cutoff, Ark...... 539.5 Let...... 1,300 Tarpley Island, Miss...... 542.5 Right...... 2,000 Miller Bend, Miss...... 544.0 Left ...... 300 947 1,292 ...... 29,360 z Ashbrook Island, Miss.. ... 54...... 9.0 Right.... 2,734...... 3,465 Arkansas City-Yellow Bend, Ark...... 553.0 Right...... 40,560 Huntinton Point, Miss...... 556.0 Left...... 10,045 Pair O'Dice, Ark...... 1.0 Riht...... 9,095 Eutaw-Mounds, Miss...... 563.5 Left...... 6,960 20,097 900 1,35...... 27,928 CypressBend, Ark...... 568.5 Riht...... 2,560 8,977 ...... 21,460 CatfishPoint, Miss...... 573.0 Left...... 13,155 Ozark, Ark.-Miss...... 578.0 Right...... 2,250 5,242 653 ...... 22,015 Prentiss, Miss...... 582.5 Left...... 1,500 3,617 ...... 17,755 Riverton,Miss ...... 586.2 do...... do...... 12,500 Klondike,Ark...... 588.5 Right...... 21,120 Victoria Bend-Terrene,Miss...... 593.0 Left...... 6,050 18,793...... 29.2454-01 Big Island,Ark...... 598.0 Right...... 19,475 Smith Point,Miss..... 6...... 01.5 Left...... 8,800 Dennis,Miss ...... 611. do ...... 1...... ,449 ...... 12,920 Cessions,Miss ...... 615.5 .. do...... 10,910 SubtotalVicksburg District...... ,...... 45,645 128,914 9,950 25,325 25,933...... 953099 (180miles) Dikes: Below Racetrack, Miss ...... 430.5 .....do...... 4,419 523.6 Seven Oaks, Ark ...... Right...... 5,445 Island 70, Miss...... 607.6 Left.... 9,291 Ashbrook Cutoff, Miss...... 548.5 .....do...... 6,585 Ajax Bar, Miss ...... 482.0 .do...... 11,170 Waterproof Bar ...... 380.0 Right. 8,083 Smith Point...... 600.0 Right...... 4,192 Montgomery Towhead, Ark ...... 591.0 6,084 6,084 Leland Neck, Ark ...... 540.0 ...do ...... 4,175 4,175 Baleshed Ldg., Miss...... 491.0 7,957 7,957 .... o...... Subtotal Vicksburg District...... 18,216...... 18,216 ...... 67,4011167,401 Above mouth of

Arkansas M-4w ARKANSAS RIVER2 River (1949 mileage) Standard revetment: i.t- Menard Bend, Ark ...... 31.5 Left.... Como, Ark...... 34.0 Right...... 11,720 Morgan Bend, Ark...... 35.7 Left.... 5,250 Total standard revetment, Ark. River ...... | ...... 28,740 -4 Dikes: Hopedale Cutoff ...... 29.8 Right...... 1,848 Fletcher Bend, Ark ...... 39.0 ..... do... 2,1870 Morgan Bend, Ark...... 35.7 Left...... 2,060 ...... 2,060 0 Total dikes, Arkansas River ...... 6,0955 FI I I I I I w-4 1 Mississippi River mileages converted to 1962. -4 2See report on Arkansas River and tributaries, Ark. and Okla., under Little Rock District. z0 TABLE D-3, Memphis District (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965)

Operations fiscal year 1965 0 Non- Operative Location Above Bank Construction operative June 30, Head of Mainte- since June 1965 0 Passes nance 30,1964 o 1 New work Reinforcement (existing)

MISSISSIPPI RIVER 2Miles Linear feet Squares Linear feet Squares Squares Linear feet Linear feet Standard revetments: 2 2 2 Henrico,Ark ...... 604-608 Right...... 22,315 - Knowlton, Ark ...... 618-620 .....do...... 269 ...... 16,990 4 Island 67, M iss...... 621-623 Left...... 37 7,510 Ludlow, Ark...... 624-626 Right...... 1,166 10,390 O Rescue Landing, Ark.-Miss ...... 626-630 Left.... 6,478 27,030 x Fair Landing, Ark...... 631-634 Right...... 323 16,850 M Burke Landing, Miss...... 634-638 Left...... 121 19,070 . .1...... 1...... 1 Z Island 63 Bar. Miss...... 638-639 .. ..do...... 70 8,020 .-----8,090- .--..- 29 067 f:::::::::::I::::: ::::: 1 Island 62,Ark...... 637-640 Right...... 80 9,030 - Oldtown Bend, Ark...... 641-646 ....do...... 5,218 25,960z Horseshoe, Miss...... 645-648 Left...... 536 16,385 Mj Westover, Ark ...... 650-652 Right...... 2,725 12,730 ti Delta-Friar Point, Miss...... 652-657 Left...... 1,515 30,090 Helena,Ark...... 657-663 Right...... 794 36,460 U Trotters Landing, Miss...... 663-666 Left...... 756 32,905 FlowerLake, Miss...... 667-668 .....do...... 1,640 6,391 1,110 2657 ...... 7,655 , St. Francis,Ark ...... 670-672 Right...... 3,230 14,560 932 11,790 Harbert Point, M iss...... 674-676 Left...... 149 8.065 Walnut Bend, Ark ...... 677-680 Right...... 3,306 27,220 , Mhoon Bend, Miss...... 682-689 Left ...... 3,727 35.928 Peters,Ark...... 689-693 Right...... 570 2,604 290...... 9..... 7,390 23,690 Commerce, Miss...... 694-696 Left ...... 254 11,640 Porter Lake, Ark ...... 698-703 1,931 Rigt...... 35,835 Pickett, Ark.-Miss...... 702-703 ...... 8,910 Norfolk-Star, Miss...... 705-711 e.....do...... 1,350 32,982 " Cow IslandBend, Ark...... 712-716 Right...... 22,274 un Coahoma, Tenn...... 716-718 Left ...... ii""i"i"ii 9,270 m Ensley,Tenn...... 721-725 .....do...... 23,000 Cn Dismal Point, Ark...... 724-726 Right...... 205 7,200 Bauxippi-Wyanoke, Ark...... 727-731 ... .do...... 23,300 Presidents Island, Tenn...... 731-734 Left.... 250 12,755 Memphis Harbor, Tenn...... 735-736 ..... do...... 14,800 Hopefield Point, Tenn.-Ark...... 736-737 Right...... 163 5,560 Loosahatchie, Tenn...... 739-740 Left ...... 47 10 6,950 St. Clair, Ark...... 742 Right...... 32,930 Island 40, Tenn.-Ark...... 741-747 .... do...... 47 ...... 26,530 Brandywine, Ark.-Tenn...... 750-753 ..... do...... 360 ...... 18,060 -Cedar Point-Densford, Tenn...... 758-761 Left...... 19040 20230 Chute of Island 35, Tenn...... 762-767 Right...... 600 2,503 260 714 189 ...... 29,190 Lookout Bat, Tenn...... 77272 .... do...... 32,990 Lookout, Tenn...... 773-774 ..... do...... 11 ...... 5,005 Sunrise Towhead, Tenn...... 774-777 ..... do...... 1,391 ...... 13,600 Bullerton Bar, Ark...... 780-786 ..... do...... 234 ...... 23,165 Island 30, Tenn...... 785-787 ..... do...... 277 ...... 12,160 Osceola, Ark...... 786 ...... ,...... 41,350 Osceola, Ark...... 7...... 87 ..... do...... 5...... 823 Keyes Point, Tenn...... 790-795 Left...... 1,410 5,038 140 379 319 ...... 29,319 Kate Aubrey, Tenn...... 793 Right...... 2,500 Island 26, Tenn...... 797-800 ..... do...... 317...... 15,710 Bend of Island 25, Tenn...... 801-804 Left...... 1,220 3,911 472 22,730 Barfield, Ark ...... 805-812 Right...... 670 ...... 40,855 Obion-Tamm, Tenn...... 814-821 Left...... 5,960 21,098 405 1,116 759 250 36,835 Huffman-Hickman, Ark.-Tenn...... 823-828 Right...... 172 26,984 Heloise, Tenn ...... 829-832 Left...... 12,935 . Island 18, Mo...... 833-837 Right...... 1...... 22,170 Linwood Bend, Tenn...... 839-841 Left...... 16...... 14,850 Bells Point, Mo...... 843-845 Right...... 5,420 Gayoso-Caruthersville, Mo ...... 846-850 ..... do...... 355 ...... 25,600 Island 15, Tenn ...... '. 85851 Left...... 428 ...... 3,925 Hathaway Landing, Tenn...... 852 ..... do...... 1,000 Robinson Bayou, Mo ...... 852-854 Right...... 17 ...... 11,360 Fritz Landing, Tenn...... 855-857 Left...... 6,080 19,064 155 366 11 ... 15,670 Lee Towhead, Mo...... 858-859 ..... do...... 170.. 9,060 0 Bend of Island 14, Tenn...... 858Bd-859Bd ..... do...... 12,050 0 Little Cypress, Mo...... 860-865 Right...... 5,160 18,185 685 2,213 112 90 32,290 E Meriwether-Cherokee, Tenn...... 867-873 Left...... 386 30 30,135 Linda, Mo...... 875-877 Right...... 11,950 Below Toneys Towhead, Tenn...... 878-880 Left...... 209 ...... 20,645 New Madrid Bend, Mo...... 883-888 Right...... 200 ...... 30,080 New Madrid, Mo...... 888-889 .... do...... do...... 889 ... 5,559 LaForge, Mo...... 890-893 ..... do...... 4,492 140 20,110 Slough Landing Neck, Ky.-Tenn ...... 895-900 Left...... 885 ...... 28960 Island 9, Ky.-Tenn ...... 903-906 .. do ...... 231 50 19,895 Chute of 8, Ky...... 911-913 ..... do...... 2,708 ...... 12,620 Bend of Island 8, Mo...... 914Bd-915Bd Right...... 9,800 Island 8, Ky...... 914-915 .... do...... 132 100 - 7,665 Hickman-Reelfoot, Ky ...... 917-922 Left...... 772 30 35,929 Beckwith Bend, Mo ...... 923-925 Right...... 187 ...... 14,588 Williams, Ky...... 927-928 Left... 133 ...... 7,725 Wolf Island, Ky...... 933-934 Right...... 105...... 6,465 Columbus, Ky...... 936-937 Left...... 30 3,825 Belmont, Mo...... 938 Right...... 22 ...... 5,760 Islands 3 and 4 ...... 939-941 ..... do ...... 652 ...... 13,560 Campbell, Ky ...... 942-944 Left...... 13 ...... 6,865 See footnotes at end of table. to TABLE D--3, Memphis District-Continued (Bank revetments and dikes built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1965)

Operations fiscal year 1965 0 Non- Operative Location Above Bank Construction operative June 30, 0 Head of Mainte- since June 1965 Passes nance 30,1964 1 New work Reinforcement (existing) 0 MISSISSIPPI RIVER--Continued Miles Linearfeet Squares Linearfeet Squares Souares Linear feet L near feet Standard revetments-Continued 2 2 2 Pritchard, Mo ...... 946-949 Right...... 199 ...... 15,045 Wickliffe, Ky...... 952-953 Left.. 104 ...... 6,220 Subtotal Memphis District...... 32,740 118,510 4,710 13,809 58,318 101,345 1,436,256 0 Dikes: (8) (9) Island 64, Ark...... 630 Right..... 6,540 Island 63, Miss...... 640 Left.. 6,120 Island 62, Ark...... 640 Right...... 6,690 Friar Point, Miss...... 652 Left... 3,710 Prairie Point, Ark...... 668 Right...... 2,530 ...... 2,630 Basket Bar, Ark ...... 696 .... do...... 3,750 ...... 3,750 Seyppel, Ark ...... 706 ..... do...... 11,420 12 Cat Island, Ark...... 710 .... do...... 9,730 Armstrong, Ark ...... 720 ..... do.. 7,850 Dismal Point, Ark...... 724 ..... do...... 2,800...... 12800 (2) 14,580 Robinson Crusoe, Tenn ...... 739 ..... do...... 6,740 ...... 13,870 Redman Point, Tenn.-Ark ...... 743 ..... do..... 7,650 Randolph Point. Tenn...... 747 Left...... Poker Point, Ark...... 748 Right...... 6,690 Lookout, Tenn.-Ark...... 771 ..... do...... 5,510 Kate Aubrey, Tenn...... 791 ... do...... 8,270 Ashport-Golddust, Ark...... 795 ..... do...... Forked Deer, Tenn...... 800 Left...... Wrights Point, Ark ...... 821 Right...... ( 1 ...... 4,090 Head of Island 21, Tenn...... 829 Left...... 3,140770 ...... 10,7305,460 Island 20, Mo ...... 831 Right.... 770...... 10,730 Hathaway, Tenn...... 854 Left...... 840 ...... 13,670 Stewart Towhead, Mo...... 872 Right...... 6,300 Ruddles Point, Mo...... 874 ..... do...... 2,880 island 9, Ky...... 907 Left...... 67,010 Pritchard, M o...... 944 Right...... I ...... I ...... I ...... 4,410 Subtotal Memphis District...... 19,870 ...... 5,550 ...... 200,640 OHIO RIVER Above Cairo gage Standard revetments: Cache-Cairo, Ill...... 0-4 Right...... 60 ...... 22,702

Subtotal Memphis District ...... 60 ...... I 22,702

" 1 1 1 t 1 1 x Mississippi River mileages converted to 1962. 8 Linear feet of dike on which repairs were made. 2 Square=- (100 square feet). 9 Linear feet of dike to nearest 10 feet. s Lumber mattress revetment. 10 8,850 linear feet of retired revetment at Tennessee Chute, Tenn., mile j 4 Groins. 6-70C left, deleted from operative length since previous report. s Linear feet of pile and stone dike. 1 Repairs to 220 linear feet of bankhead protection. 6 Linear feet of triangular frame retards and pilt dike, ' Includes 30 feet of dike extension charged to maintenance. Submerged dike; status unknown.

O TABLE E-1. New Orleans District (Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La. and levee operations for fiscal year 1965 as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended)

Levees (miles) Berms (miles) Roads on levees (miles) 0 O

Complete to Location of levee In Built approved In Built Complete In Built Complete system this grade and system this June 30, system this June 30, fiscal section when fiscal 1965 when fiscal 1965 when 2 completedl year June 30, completed year completed year 1965

MISSISSIPPI RIVER Lower Tensas ...... 15.5 15.5 ...... 11.6 15.5 3 415.0 r Atchafalaya...... 118.9 114.3 ...... 10.3 118.9 454.6 +j Lafourche ...... 82.0 1.9 70.1 ...... 2.8 82.0 Barataria...... 71.9 5.3 64.9 ...... 3 71.9 Pontchartrain, including 2.1 miles Baton Rouge front levee...... 125.6 .8 123.5...... 8 125.6 46.8 Lake Borgne...... 48.3 1.3 34.0 ...... 2 48.3 Orleans Parish...... 27.5 25.9 ...... 27.5 Total Mississippi River...... 489.7 9.3 448.2 ...... 26.0 489.7 29.1Z LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, LA. Lake Pontchartrain protection levee...... 17.4...... 817.4 ...... 17.4 I...... BONNET CARRE SPILLWAY Upper and lower guide levees ...... 11.7 ...... 11.7 ...... 11.7 ...... 911.7 LOWER RED RIVER Hotwells to Moncls, La...... 59.8...... 1059.8...... 5.0 59.8 ...... ATCHAFALAYA BASIN FLOODWAY East bank Atchafalaya River...... 51.0 1050.8 .3 .3 51.0...... Bayou des Glaises...... ' 8.1 8.1 8.1 ...... 01 West Bank Atchafalaya River...... 60.7 1060.0 60.7...... Simmesport Ring...... 1.6 1.6 1.6...... Melville Ring...... 4.1 4.1 4.1 ...... F-+ Krotz Springs Ring...... 1.7 1.7 1.7...... Mansura Hills to Hamburg...... 20.3 20.3 .1 20.3 1111.7 West protection levee, Hamburg to Berwick drainage canal via Calumet, 11104.9 including 1.0 mile Berwick floodwall...... 128.2 (12) 4.6 127.2 ...... 1317.1 Levees west of Berwick and the lower Atchafalaya River, Berwick drainage canal to Charenton drainage canal ...... 60.5 1435.6 ...... 1 (14), (15) 1...... 60.5 ...... 111.5 Morganza upper guide levee ...... 9.0 ...... 9.0 ...... 9.0 ...... 119.0 East protection levee, Morganza to Cutoff Bayou, including 19.6 miles 1324.9 of Morganza lower guide levee and 1.7 miles of floodwall, etc...... 107.9 ...... (12) 14.0 5.8 106.2 116.6 41.5 TotalAtchafalaya Basin and floodway...... 453.1 191.2...... 4.3 10.8 450.4 6.6 224.5 Combined total...... 1,031.7 728.3...... 4.3 41.8 1,029.0 6.6 265.3

1 1 1 1 1 f 1 f 1 1 Area protected from Mississippi River project flood-adopted project com- 10 Levees to grade, but minor deficiencies to section exist. plete-is 23,621 square miles for entire project. n Road on crown maintained by local interests. Materials furnished by Gov- a Indeterminate pending completion of studies underway. ernment. SIn Tensas Levee District, 0.5 mile at Old River Closure not surfaced, 1 12 Based on new section, 20-foot crown, 1 on 4 side slopes. mile of bridges, 1 mile asphalt surfacing, 13 miles gravel; all surfacing by 1 Road at toe of levee maintained by local interests. Material furnished by local interests. Government. ' Surface material furnished and maintained by local interests. 14 Contract to bring East and West Bayou Sale and Teche Ridge levees to 65 Includes 0.7 mile Morganza control structure. grade and construction of maintenance berms now in progress, but not com- t2 Includes 1.7 miles Bonnet Carre control structure. plete as of June 30, 1965. 7 Seven and one-half miles of wharves and docks. 16 Contract now in progress to pump storage berms on Wax Lake East 8 Additional work may be required for hurricane protection. berms. 9 Five and eight-tenths miles of gravel road at toe of upper guide levee; 5.2 1e An additional 7 miles under construction. miles on crown lower guide levee. Material furnished by Government. -t

2: 0

Ch3 TABLE E-2. Vicksburg District (Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La. and levee operations for fiscal year 1965 as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended) rb

0 Levees (miles) Berms (miles) Surfaced roads on levees (miles)

Complete to Location of levee In Built approved In Built Complete In Built Complete system this grade and system this June 30, system this June 30, when fiscal section when 2 fiscal 1965 when fiscal 1965 completed year June 30, completed year completed year 1965

C4 MISSISSIPPI RIVERI Lower Yazoo...... 3178.3 ...... 3178.3 105.3 ...... 30.7 110.1 6.2 63.3 0 Upper Tensas...... 148.6 ...... 148.6 36.9 3.4 21.9 148.1 1.8 115.1 Lower Tensas ...... 125.7125.7...... 1257 63.8 13.9 125.7 4.2 81.8 0 Subtotal Vicksburg District...... 452.6 ...... 452.6 206.0 3.4 66.5 383.9 12.2 260.2 z YAZOO RIVER AND BASIN Headwater...... 4593.6 ...... s215.2 ...... Backwater...... 697.5 2.8 9.0 ...... z Total Yazoo River and Basin...... 691.0 2.8 224.2...... ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. North bank...... 61.5 ...... 56.2 8.3...... 8.3 47.4 ...... 47.4 South bank...... 86.4 ...... 85.4 64.6 1.6 12.0 83.6 ...... 83.6 ,O Total Arkansas River...... 146.9 ...... 141.6 62.9 1.6 20.3 131.0 ...... 131.0 RED RIVER BACKWATER LEVEES Total Red River Backwater...... 8229.5 ...... 893.1...... 9157.1 ...... 72.3

1 Area protected for Mississippi River project flood-adopted project complete 6 Includes 22.5 miles Greenwood protection works. -is 23,621 square miles for entire project. e Includes 1 mile of highway embankment. 2 Subject to change as planning progresses. 7 Includes 5.3 miles for Gillett new levee. 8 Includes 1.4 miles of concrete levee wall and 0.3 mile earth levee on Vicks- 8 Excludes 2.1 miles of high ground where no levee was required. burg city front. 6 Excludes 16.6 miles of existing and hard-surfaced public roads to be in- 'Includes 28 miles, Greenwood protection works, but does not include 2.5 miles corporated into levee. of highway and railroad embankment to be utilized in project. TABLE E-3. Memphis District (Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La. and levee operations for fiscal year 1965 as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended)

Levees (miles) Berms (miles) Roads on levees (miles)

Complete to Location of levee In Built approved In Built Complete In Built Complete system this grade and system this June 30, system this June 30, when fiscal section when fiscal 1965 when fiscal 1965 2 completedl year June 30, completed year completed year 1965 wuS MISSISSIPPI RIVER Upper Yazoo...... 93.6 ...... 92.3 88.9 2.1 77.7 93.6 2.6 77.7 Tiptonville-Obion River ...... 43.9 ...... 37.3 6.7 .,...... ° 4.5 43.9 ...... 25.2 Z

9.6 ...... Slough Landing Neck dike ...... 9.6 14...... 9...... 9...... R elf oot...... 322.7 ...... 22.7 14...... 10.9 20.9 16.3 White River backwater levee ...... 440.3 ...... 40.3 ...... - 38.8 38.8 White River...... 574.4 ...... 52.3 37.8 4.7 36.7 73.3 2.4 36.2 Lower St. Francis ...... 6212.3 211.7 83.8 1.2 43.2 211.7 12.4 91.9 Upper St. Francis...... 7121.7 ...... 121.4 121.7 9.3 60.7 Thebes to Cairo ...... 810.7 ...... 10.7 ...... 10.5 1.5 10.5 00 Subtotal Memphis District ...... 629.2 5.5 598.3 232.1 8.0 173.0 614.4 28.2 357.3 O OHIO RIVER

Ohio River...... 95.3 ...... 5.3 3.7 ...... 2.6 ...... 2.6 N U1 ST. FRANCIS RIVER East bank...... 205.5 11.1 133.7 ...... 29.2...... H West bank...... 152.68 ...... 149.6 .: .. ~ ...... za Subtotal Memphis District ...... 358.1 11.1 283.3 ...... 29.2 ...... LITTLE RIVER DRAINAGE 40.7...... 40.7 ...... West bank...... 35.3 ...... 35.3 ...... Elk Chute...... 39.9...... 34.2 ...... West Basin and middle valley ...... 1014. - . .-.... 6...... 134...... Subtotal Memphis District ...... 130.4 116.9j...... 13.4 LITTLE RIVER MISSOURI Diversion channel...... ' 1119.7 19.7 2.4 ...... 26..2.4 19.7 6,1 19.7 Cl TABLE E---3. Memphis District-Continued 0 (Present condition of project levees, frorm Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La. and levee operations for fiscal year 1965 as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended)

Levees (miles) Berms (miles) Roads on levees (miles) O

Complete to O Location of levee In Built approved In Built Complete In Built Complete j system this grade and system this June 30, system this June 30, when fiscal section when 2 fiscal 1965 when fiscal 1965 completedl year June 30,.: completed year completed year 1965 1

WHITE RIVER Augusta to Clarendon ...... 1249.2 ...... 39.5 ...... MEMPHIS HARBOR Memphis Harbor...... 10.2 9.9 4.0 1.5 10.2 .8.9 Grand Total Memphis District...... 1,202.1 16.6 1,072.9 242.2 8.0 177.8 689.5 34.3 388.5 M

x Area protected from Mississippi River project flood-adlopted project com- s Includes 6.3 miles of Cairo Drainage District (Mississippi River) levee, 3.4 plete--23,621 square miles for entire project. miles of Cairo City (Mississippi River) levee, and 1.0 miles of Cache River Z 2 Subject to change as planning progresses. diversion levee. * Includes 1.4 miles of Hickman City levee and 21.3 miles of Mississippi River * Includes 5.3 miles of levee from Cache River levee to end of floodwall at ti front line levee--Hickman, Ky., to Bessie, Tenn. Cairo, Ill. Extends from Old Town, Ark., to Laconia Circle levee, Ark. 10 Includes 13.4 miles of West Basin levee and 1.1 miles of middle valley levee. 2 5 Includes 66.1 miles of front line levee from Helena, Ark.,, to mouth of White U Includes 14.1 miles of main line diversion levee; 2.7 miles of Ramsey Creek River, Ark., and 8.3 miles of Laconia back circle levee. levee; and 2.9 miles of Sals Creek levee. . e From New Madrid, Mo., to mouth of St. Francis River, Ark. 12 Includes 1.7 miles of levee above Augusta and 1.7 miles of levee at George- 7 Includes 84.3 miles of front line levee from Commerce tco New Madrid, Mo., town, Ark. 35.2 miles of Birds Point-New Madrid setback levee, 1.9 miles of St. Johns Bayou levee, and 0.3 miles of Birds Point-New Madrid closure leveee.

b=4 • ¢X) TABLE E

(Yardage placed in levees and levee operations for fiscal year 1965, as provided for in sec. 6, Flood Control Act of 1928, as amended)

Miles Operation fiscal year 1965 Miles in Miles built to Contents Contents Required Estimated Location of levee system built approved June 30, June 30, to final when June 30, grade and 1964 New Lost or 1965 complete contents completed 1965 section work abandoned

MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 St. Louis District cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Clemens Station, Mo. to mouth of Missouri River.... 28 28 25.6 25.6 Mouth of Illinois River to Prairie do Pont, Ill...... 20 20 27.1 27.1

Prairie du Pont, Ill., to Grand Tower, Ill...... Mouth of Missouri River to Cape Girardeau, Mo..... 4 57.2 57.2 Grand Tower, 46 46 Il., to Thebes, Ill...... 1,252.4 1,252.4 t/2 Rock Island District

Rock Island to New Boston, Ill...... 31.4 31.4 31.4 wCD 4,485 1...... I...... 4,485 .. ,...... I...... Total Mississippi River...... 129.4 129.4 34.4 5,847.3...... 5,847.3 ...... MISSISSIPPI RIVER TRIBUTARIES New Orleans District RED RIVER C/I CI Moncla to Lake Long...... 20.7 20.7 20.7 394 ...... 394 ...... 394 0 Vicksburg District z ARKANSAS RIVER

Farelly Lake levee district...... 1768 ...... 768 ...... 768 OUACHITA RIVER

East bank below Monroe, La...... 68.5 264.7 264.7 33,737 ...... 3,737 500 4,237 West bank: Bawcomville, La...... 3.1 3.1 3.1 283 ...... 283 ... 283 Harrisonburg to Little River, La...... 12.4 12.4 12.4 4682 ...... 682 ...... 682 840 8. 02 472I...... I 4,0650 52 4. Total Ouachita River...... 84.0 80.2 80.2 4,702 1*** ...... {...... I 4,702 500 5,202 TABLE E--4.--Continued (Yardage placed in levees and levee operations for fiscal year 1965, as provided for in sec. 6, Flood Control Act of 1928, as amended)

Miles Operation fiscal year 1965 Miles in Miles built to Contents Contents Required Estimated O Location of levee system built approved June 30, - June 30, to final g when June 30, grade and 1964 New Lost or 1965 complete contents H completed 1965 section work abandoned O

1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 H YAZOO RIVER cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards M West bank ...... 8.7 8.7 8.7 735 ...... 735 ...... 735 .emphis District

WHITE RIVER

Horn Lake, Ark...... 1.8 1.8 1.8 50.1 ...... 50.1...... 5. Louisrille District OHIO RIVER Shawneetown, Ill...... 3.8 3.8 3.8 315.5 ...... 315.5 ...... 315.5 Z St. Louis District ILLINOIS RIVER

Havana, Ill.,to Beardstown, Ill...... 25 25 8 1,610 ...... 1,610 ...... Beardstown, Il.,to mouth ofIllinois River...... 166 166 127 15,940 ...... 15,940 ...... TotalIllinois River...... 191 191 135 17,550 ...... 17,550 ......

1 Includes 32,253 cubic yards constructed by local interests. * Includes 115,000 cubic yards constructed by local interests. 2 Includes 1.3 miles constructed by local interests. 4Includes about 95,000 cubic yards constructed by local interests. TABLE E-5. New Orleans District (Effective levee wave-wash protection built during fiscal year and protection structures in place June 30, 1965)

Operations fiscal year 1965 Linear feet Miles above Linear feet . lost or Linear feet Head of Bank in place destroyed operative Location Passes June 30, New work Maintenance this fiscal2 June 30, 1964 (linear feet) (linear feet) year 1965

MISSISSIPPI RIVER Barataria levee district ...... 10-81 1Right...... 266,763SP 10,262SP 36,160 SP 290,350 SP 49,852WR 5,626 WR 44,226 WR ...... 204,843SE 22,948 SE 11,160 SE ...... 236,181 SE Total ...... 316,615 10,262 36,160 5,626 334,576

Lafourche levee district...... 1 95-175 Right...... 95,888 SP ...... 95,888 SP CD 933 WR ...... 933 WR 21,575 SE 21,575 SE Totall...... 96,821 ...... 96,821 ...... Atchafalaya levee district-total...... 175-304 Right. 850 SP ...... 850 SP b

Lake Borgne levee district...... SP ...... 45-91 Left...... 143,540SP 2,773 146,853SP C 22,089WR ...... 22,089 WR b 1 ...... 97,948SE 800 SE 6,969 99,598SE TotalTotal...... o...... 165,629 2,773 ...... 168,942

Pontchartrain levee district ...... 104-229 Left...... 25,680SP 25,680 SP H ...... 1,480 SE 1,480 SE 0T Totall . Left...... 25,680 ...... 129 25,680 C Orleans levee district ...... 91-104 Left...... 13,213 SP 13,213SP 2,022WR 0...... 2,022 WR C ...... 5,912 SE 5,912 SE Totall 15,235 15,235

Orleans levee district ...... 81-95 Right...... 40,557SP 40,557 SP 2,947WR 2,947 WR ...... 24,110SE 2,755 26,865 SE Totall 43,504 ...... 43,504

Total Mississippi River ...... 664,334 13,035 685,608 LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, LA. Lake Pontchartrain levees ...... 53,957SE 3675 SE |...... 53,957SE

'Shore erosion (which includes levee toe protection) supplements slope paving 2 Replaced by slope paving. and wooden revetment and is not included in totals. SP--Slope paving; WR 8 Supplements existing protection with overlapping berm paving and toe pro- 0 Wooden revetment; SE=Shore-erosion protection. tection. t 0

'TI TABLE F-1. New Orleans District O '3 (New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1965)

In project when complete Completed June 30, 1965 Operations during fiscal year Year . . . Percent Location of improvement initiated complete O Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Tid 1,000 1,000 1,000 0 cubic yards Miles cubic yards Miles cubic yards MHiles z Bayou des Glaises diversion channel...... 1938 2,223 ...... 2,223 ...... 100 Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie...... 1946 22,039 23.3 16,483 13.3 ...... 76 Charenton drainage and navigation canal...... 1939 10,879 ...... 10,879 ...... 100 z Wax Lake Outlet...... 1938 67,546 ...... 57,546 ...... 100 16,485 47 Atchafalaya Basin Floodway...... 1933 6867,000 ...... 315,966...... 00 Morganza floodway...... 1941 1,322 ...... 1,322 ...... 100 '- Old River outflow channel ...... 1956 67,449 ... 67...... 67,49 ...... 00 Old River inflow channel ...... 1960 6,182 ...... 6,182 ...... 100 01 Old River lock approach channels...... 1961 6,731.. 6,731 ...... 100 Baton Rouge Harbor (Devils Swamp) ...... 1958 17,075 ...... 7,458 ...... 44 00 TABLE F-2. Vicksburg District

(New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1965)

In project when complete Completed June 30, 1965 Operations during fiscal year Year Percent Location of improvement initiated i complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out

1,000 1,000 1,000 cubic yards Miles cubic yards Miles cubic yards Miles YAZOO BASIN HEADWATER, MISS.

Coldwater River...... :...... 1941 9,897 46.70 9,897 46.70 100 w Aikabutla Canal...... ,...... 1948 81 81 100 -4 Tallahatchie River...... 1940 7,361 110.00 5,586 110.00 :::::ib:jlll1111 85g Little Tallahatchie River and Panola Quitman Floodway...... 1939 1,170 33.19 1,170 33.19 100 Yocona River...... 1952 606 606 5.93 100 Bobo Bayou...... 1944 2,776 5.93 2,776 100 Cassidy Bayou ...... 1943 10,538 47.60 3,033 47.60 33 Yalobusha River...... 1939 6,337 42.05 6,337 42.05 ...... 20 100 Pelucia Creek ...... 1953 1,299 2.90 2.90 ...... Yazoo River...... , ...... 1941 5,400 5,400 ...... 100 Whittington auxiliary channel...... 1956 23,520 23,520 100 Tchula Lake...... 1964 2,121 15.40 2,121 15.40 1,544i:ii3.20 100 David and Burrell Bayous...... 1957 1,032 18.82 1,032 18.82 100 Tippo Bayou-Ascalmore Creek...... 1956 2,800 20.30 85 20.30 ...... McKinney Bayou...... 1960 207 2.18 207 : 2.18 ...... Hillside Floodway.... ,...... 1964 1,265 4.50 ...... 00 BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, ETC., MISS.

Big Sunflower River...... 1947 5,912 188.95 5,912 187.91 10.36 99 C Quiver River...... 1947 2,401 42.04 2,401 42.04 ...... 100 Deer Creek...... 1947 73 2.04 73 2.04 100 SteelBayou...... 1947 120,751 63.50 3,451 45.40 50 Big Sunflower River tributaries ...... 1957 7,856 173.45 7,384 167.48 95 Quiver River tributaries ...... 1960 23.08 ...... 23.08 100 Steele Bayou tributaries...... 1959 15,111 33.80 791 13.44 ...... 40 BOEUF AND TENSAS BASINS, ARK. AND LA.

Bayou Lafourche, La...... 1949 152,106 1.10 35,816 1.10 70 Big and Colewa Creeks, La...... 1947 1 220,179 147.21 4,375 34.01 40 Tensas River, La ...... 1947 119,942 1151.29 1,092 86.16 15 Boeuf River, Ark. and La...... ,...... , ,. 1953 20,937 50.58 20,937 17.98 80 Fleschmans Bayou, Ark...... 1963 513 2.70 513 2.70 100 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE F-2. Vicksburg District-Continued (New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1965)

In project when complete Completed June 30, 1965 Operations during fiscal year Year Percent b y Location of improvement initiated complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out 0

O 1,000 1,000 1,000 cubic yards Miles ceubic yards Miles cubic yards Miles y BOEUF AND TENSAS BASINS, ARK. AND LA.-Continued tCj Cane Bayou, Ark...... 1964 408 1.89 406 . 1.89 345 1.61 100 Cana18Ark...... 1963 776 1.59 776 1.59 ...... 100 Big Bayou, Ark...... 1952 1,827 14.87 1,827 14.87 ...... 100 Black Pond Slough, Ark...... 1962 947 ...... 947 ...... 100 Bayou Macon, Ark. and La ...... 1959 15,863 110.08 15,863 110.08 ...... 15.18 100 Rush Bayou, Ark ...... 1964 ...... 6.73....6.73 ...... 6.73 100 Canal 19, Ark...... 1...... 11,11 ...... 587 98 O Kirsch Lake Canals, Ark...... 620 ...... 0 Canal 43, Ark...... 1956 698 24.80 698 24.80 ...... 100 Canal 81, Ark...... 1957 4,433 7.01 4,433 7.01 ...... 100 z BAYOU METO BASIN, ARK. Bayou Meto...... 9,940 19.90 ...... 00 LittleBayou Meto and SaltBayou...... 5,650 10.92 ...... Wab a Bayou ...... 353 20.10 ...... Bradley Slough...... 40 ......

1Includes additional improvements recommended in MR&T Comprehensive 4 Excludes approximately 1,500,000 cubic yards of channel excavation com- Review (H. Doc. 308, 88th Cong.). pleted by local interests in the lower 26 miles of the stream. 00 TABLE F-3. Memphis District (New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1965)

In project when complete Completed June 30, 1965 Operations during fiscal year Year Percent Location of improvement initiated complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out

1,000 1,000 1,000 cubic yards Miles cubic yards Miles cubic yards Miles West Memphis drainage project, Arkansas ...... 1951 1,747 2.2 1,747 2.2 100 Mississippi County Drainage District No. 17, Arkansas ...... 1947 1,068 ...... 1,068 ...... 100 Cross County project ditch, Ark...... 192942 7,710...... 7,710 ...... 100 Tyronza River, Ark...... 1939 2,795 ...... 2,795 ...... 100 B Birds Point-New Madrid intercepting ditch enlargement, Samos and vicinity, Mo...... 1952 285 4.6 285 4.6 ...... 100 0 Mississippi River, Western Tennessee tributaries (backwater area)...... 1952 1,883 26.1 1,696 26.1 1,156 ...... 90 Cache River, Ark...... (197,000...... L'Anguille River, Ark...... ( 16,000...... 16,000...... Miss. River below Cape Girardeau, West Tennessee tributaries...... 1961 52,000 160.0 13,769 ...... 2,820 ...... St. Francis River, Mo. and Ark ...... 1953 98,625 ...... 70,72570,725 ...... 522 72 Little River drainage, Mo...... 1963 31,176...... 7,358 ...... 4,920 .24 Reelfoot Lake area, Ky. and Tenn.; Bayou du Chien, Ky. and Tenn...... nn...... (1) 215...... Running Reelfoot Bayou, Tenn...... 1955 4,145 ...... 54,145 .. 1rk...... 1 Wolf River and tributaries, Tennessee and Mississippi...... 1960 5,337 ...... 5,334 ...... 11 ...... 99

1 Authorized, but no work started. 1634 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1 965

TABLE G. Costs during fiscal year 1965

Construction Maintenance Other

FEDERAL FUNDS Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries: Memphis District: . $78,944 General investigations...... Advance engineering and design ...... $776 $261,088 Mississippi River levees...... I 986,577 M emphis Harbor...... 1,062,570 St. Francis Basin...... 3,283,309 399,683 168,014 56,786 ... Iower W hite River...... Channel improvement...... 12,583,549 7,327,139S... .., West Tennessee tributaries...... 675,856 S.. . .. * Wolf River and tributaries...... 109,865 Inspection of completed works...... 20,626 Mapping...... 46,858 Subtotal ...... 18,870,516 8,112,180 78,044 Vicksburg District: General investigations...... 128,280 Mississippi River levees...... 1,395,213 142,174...... Lower Arkansas River...... 210,462 273,658...... Tensas Basin ...... 878,477 38,398 ... Yasoo Basin ...... 4,005,151 1,932,084...... Channel improvement...... 11,370,070 4,414,294...... M apping...... 82,962 ...... Inspection of completed works...... 17,617 Subtotal...... 17,859,373 6,901,187 128,280 New Orleans District: General investigations...... 11,458 Inspection of completed works ...... 8,285 Mississippi River levees ...... 1,0i30,110 5,563,635 Lower Red River...... 277,331 ...... Old River...... 2,110,063...... Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries...... 16,210 26,327 ...... Lake Pontchartrain ...... 259,819 Atchafalaya Basin ...... 7,024,869 1,512,238 2,316,761 2,139,825 Channel improvement...... 11, ...... Bonnet Carre...... 131,611 ...... Mapping ...... 54,623 Flood control emergencies ...... 11,479 ......

Subtotal...... 10,848,503 11,835,297 11,468

CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Memphis District: Wolf River and tributaries...... 25,786i...... New Orleans District: Mississippi River levees ...... 29,774 ......

Old River...... 171,994 4,200 ......

Total contributed funds ...... 197,780 33,974 ......

Grand total, Federal and contributed funds ...... 47,776,172 26,882,638 218,082

I I . I MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1635

TABLE H-1. Statement of allotments and accrued expenditures (costs) under appropriationsfor flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries from May 15, 1928, through fiscal year 1965 (new structure effective July 1, 1955)

Unexpended District or installation and class of work Allotments Accrued balance expenditures June 30, 1965

ALLOTMENTS AND ACCRUED EXPENDITURES CHARGEABLE AGAINST FLOOD CONTROL ACT LIMITATIONS: COMPLETED WORKS: Waterways Experiment Station...... $874,000 $874,000 Office, Chief of Engineers...... 19,158 19,158 Rock Island District: S.G. & O. prior to August 18, 1941...... 14,010 14,010 St. Louis District: 8.G. & O. prior to August 18, 1941 ...... 169,352 169,352 Subtotal...... 1,076,520 1,076,520......

Memphis District:, 178,925.... Des Are, Ark...... 178,925 Contraction works ...... 8,692,791 8,692,791...... l)e Valls Bluff, Ark...... 231,215 231,215 ...... Mapping ...... 1,450,337 1,450,337...... New Madrid Floodway...... 6,521,543 6,521,543...... Roads on levees (Miss. River levees) ...... 12,426 12,426...... S.G. & O. prior to August 18, 1941 ...... 1,998,766 1,998,766...... Subtotal...... 19,086,002 19,086,002...... Vicksburg District: Boeuf Basin levees...... 2,764,605 2,764,605...... Channel realignment, Arkansas River...... 125,074 125,074 ...... Contraction works...... 1,972,183 1,972,183...... Eudora Floodway...... 826,235 826,2356...... Vicksburg Harbor...... 4,664,515 4,664,515 ...... Greenville Harbor...... 2,864,516 2,864,516 ...... levees) ...... 7,070 7,070 ...... Grants Canal (Miss. River 1,531,021 1,531,021...... Mapping...... 147,796 147,796...... Jonesville, La; 105,660 105,660...... Roads on levees...... 2,350,201 2,350,201...... S.G. & O. prior to August 18, 1941 ...... Subtotal...... 17,358,876 17,358,876...... New Orleans District: Atchafalaya River and Basin, La...... 3,375,492 3,375,492...... Bonnet Carre spillway, La...... 14,212,198 14,212,198...... works...... 1,258,916 1,258,916...... Contraction 1,112,967 1,112,967...... M apping...... Roads on levees ...... 540,838 540,838 ...... S.G. & O. prior to August 18, 1941 ...... 2,701,566 2,701,566...... Wax Lake Outlet and Charenton Canal ...... 10,098,817 10,098,817...... Morganza Floodway and structure..... 35,992,117 35,992,117...... Atchafalaya Basin, rights-of-way and flowage, Bayou des Glaises setback...... 387,917 387,917...... Subtotal ...... 69,680,828 69,680,828...... All other completed items: 4,995,215 4,995,215...... Surveys under sec. 10, Flood Control Act of 1928 ...... Impounded savings...... 1,593,097 1,593,097...... Plant transferred to revolving fund...... 24,924,578 24,924,578...... OCE (portion of allotment transferred to revolving fund, Washington Dist.)...... 19,882 19,882 ...... Subtotal ...... 31,532,772 31,532,772 ...... 1--- -3-- 1 Total completed works...... 138,734,999 138,734,999 ...... ALLOTMENTS AND ACCRUED EXPENDITURES CHARGEABLE AGAINST FLOOD CONTROL ACT LIMITATIONS: UNCOMPLETED WORKS: Rock Island District: Levees under sec. 6, Flood Control Act of 1928...... 579,462 579,462 ...... St. Louis District: Levees under sec. 6, Flood Control Act of 1928...... 1,897,980 1,897,980...... Subtotal ...... 2,477,442 2,477,442...... 1636 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965

TABLE H-1.-Continued

Unexpended District or installation and class of work Allotments Accrued balance expenditures June 30, 1965

Memphis District: Miss. River levees: Miss. Riverlevees...... $87,455,280$87,041,874 $413,406 New Madrid ...... 98,000 98,000...... Channel improvement: Revetments...... 205,967,600 205,810,036 157,564 Dredging...... 35,328,400 35,260,627 67,773 Dikes...... 15,217,000 15,141,210 75,790 ReelfootLake...... 439,434 439,434...... St. Francis Basin: Wappapello Reservoir...... 7,959,000 7, 956,498 2,502 St. Francis River and tributaries ...... 41,650,600 41,286,424 364,176 Big Slough and Mayo ditch...... 962,000 930,344 31,656 LittleRiver drainage...... 5,223,400 4,799,005 424,395 Lower White River: Augusta to Clarendon, Ark...... 1,378,172 1,378,172...... White River backwater levee. Ark...... 10,629,828 10,613,568 16,260 Levees under sec. 6, Flood Control Act of 1928 ...... 108,651 108,651 ...... Memphis Harbor...... 17,196,000 17,176,205 19,795 West Tennessee tributaries...... 3,791,000 2,674,366 1,116,634 Wolf Riverand tributaries...... 1,722,000 1,570,242 151,758 Subtotal...... 435,126,365 432,284,656 2,841,709

Vicksburg District: Mississippi River levees (excludes Grants Canal, $7,070, shown under completed works)...... 74,624,591 74,575,411 49,180 Lower Arkansas River: North bank...... 7,049,414 7,049,414 . South bank...... 15,068,086 15,011,372 56,714 Tensas Basin: Boeuf and Tensas Rivers, etc...... 22,597,500 22,507,257 90,243 Red River backwater levee, La...... 8,348,000 8,317,833 30,167 Channel improvement: Revetments ...... 155,128,468 154,983,237 .145,231 Dredging...... 22,199,500 22,186,703 12,797 Dikes ... 7,081,100 7,072,531 8,569 Levees under sec.6, Flood Control Act of 1928...... 958,175 958,175 ...... Yazoo Basin: Sardis Reservoir...... 11,966,500 11,951,635 14,865 Enid Reservoir...... 15,258,500 15,254,135 4,365 Arkabutla Reservoir ...... 12,197,000 12,189,366 7,634 Grenada Reservoir...... 31,476,000 31,467,363 8,637 Greenwood...... 3,414,000 3,357,372 56,628 Belzoni ...... 316,656 316,656 ...... Yazoo City...... 2,205,611 2,205,611 ...... Will M. Whittington auxiliary channel...... 10,950,966 10,950,966 ...... Main stem ...... 14,768,500 14,693,446 75,054 Tributaries...... 9,678,073 9,317,314 360,759 Big Sunflower River, etc...... 9,658,000 9,567,543 90,457 Yazoo backwater...... 4,644,500 4,360,738 283,762 Upper auxiliary channel...... 4,427 4,427 ...... Subtotal...... 439,593,567 438,298,505 1,295,062 New Orleans District: Baton Rouge harbor...... 699,185 699,185.... Bayou Cocodrie and tributaries ...... 3,425,000 3,419,383 5,617 Channel improvement: Dredging...... 35,945,266 35,915,266.. Revetm ents ...... 59,414,209 59,209,318 204,891 Lower Red River (south bank levees)...... 8,145,929 8,145,929.. Lake Pontchartrain...... 5,520,000 5,495,207 .. 24,793 Levees under sec. 6, Flood Control Act of 1928...... 200,680 200,680.. Miss. River levees...... 48,561,000 48,440,326 120,674 Atchafalaya Basin: Atchafalaya Basin Floodway...... 130,659,537 129,588,379 1,071,158 Atchafalaya River navigation...... 303,463 303,463 ...... Old River...... 60,859,000 60,858,266 _ 734 Subtotal ...... 353,733,269 352,305,402 1,427,867 Total uncompleted works...... 1,230,930,643 1,225,366,005 5,564,638 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1637

TABLE H-1.-Continued

Unexpended Allotments Accrued balance District or installation and class of work expenditures June 30, 1965

ADVANCE ENGINEERING AND DESIGN (CONSTRUCTION) Memphis District: $100,000 $65,349 $34,651 Cache River...... 100,000 65,349 34,651 Total advance engineering and design...... Control Act limitations excluding Total chargeable against Flood 1,369,765,642 1,364,166,353 5,599,289 flood control emergencies...... 380,512,855 378,737,064 1,775,791 Total maintenance since August 18, 1941...... 14,900,300 14,900,300 ...... Total flood control emergencies...... 2,919,929 2,901,267 18,662 Total general investigations...... 1,768,098,7261,760,704,984 7,393,742 Total flood control, MR&T appropriations......

Appropriations in addition to flood control, MR&T: pp. 206 Other appropriations itemized in footnote 1 pp. 2068-69 32,068,909 32,068,909...... Annual Report for 1953 ...... 1,800,167,635 1,792,773,893 7,393,742 Grand total appropriated to June 30, 1965...... have been trans- study costs chargeable to the MR&T authorization Note. Preauthorization been excluded from this report. ferred to completed work. Costs not chargeable have

TABLE H--2 from Statement of expenditures for levees by state and local organizations through December 31, 1964. beginning of earliest available records I Expenditures Engineer district reporting

$6,898,608 Rock Island District ...... 32,893,677 ...... St. Louis District...... 116,319,655 M emphis District...... 66,817,618 Vicksburg District ...... 214,219,126 New Orleans District ...... 436,148,684 Total......

Cost and financial statement REGULAR FUNDSs 1964Total to 1965 June 30, 1965 1963 1964 Fiscal year...... 1961 1962 I .1. I

General investigations: $227,100 $2,919,929 $115,000 $125,000 $145,000 $120,000 Allotted ...... 104,353 160,552 134,637 218,682 2,901,267 Cost...... 118,457 Construction (includes advance engineering and design): 254,231,09050,134,900 1,319,923,227 ... 54,531,000 54,005,000148,729,000 Allotted ...... 54,069,727 47,578,392 1,314,323,939 Cost...... 53,549,265 49,469,85856,872,047 Maintenance: 27,500,000 430,891,406 ...... 17,250,000 18,820,000 24,970,000 23,500,000 Allotted .. 18,598,843 25,290,156 22,956,869 26,837,184 429,115,615 Cost ...... 17,155,228 Flood control emergencies (maintenance) : 14,885,922 Allotted ...... 11,479 14,885,922 Cost ......

from Public Works Acceleration, Executive (transfer to Corps, Civil). SIncludes $400,000 (transfer to Corps, s Includes revocation of $10,910 from Public Works Acceleration, Executive Civil) fiscal year 1963. (Footnotes continued on following page) 1638 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965

8 Appropriations were as follows: Appropriations chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations: Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for emergencies (excludes maintenance allotments August 18, 1941, through June 30, 1965): Net total allotted for works under Mississippi River Commission ...... $1,338,232,870 Allotted for surveys under sec. 10 of Flood Control Act of 1928 (not under Mississippi River Commis- sion) ...... 4,995,215 Transferred to revolving fund ...... 24,944,460 Impounded savings ...... 1,593,097 $1,369,765,642 Flood control emergencies: Net total allotted ...... 14,886,922 Impounded savings ...... 14,378 14,900,300 Additional funds not chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations: Appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for flood control emergencies: General investigations ...... 2,919,929 Maintenance allotments August 18, 1941 through June 30, 1965 ...... 380,512,855 383,432,784 Subtotal-FC, MR&T appropriations .. 1,768,098,726 Appropriations in addition to appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries (itemized in footnote (1), pp. 2068-69, Annual Report for 1953) ...... 32,068,909 Grand total ...... 1,800,167,635 Reconciliation of appropriations and allotments: Total allotted to June 30, 1965 ...... 1,768,620,485 Transferred to revolving fund ...... 24,944,460 Surveys under sec. 10, Flood Control Act of 1928 (not under Miss. River Commission) ...... 4,995,215 Impounded savings withdrawn by Chief of Engineers ...... 1,607,475 Total appropriated to June 30, 1965 ...... 1,800,167,635 Appropriations for 6 years were as follows: Fiscal year 1961 ...... 71,896,000 Fiscal year 1962 ...... * ... 72,950,000 Fiscal year 1963 ...... 73,844,000 Fiscal year 1964 ...... 77,861,090 Fiscal year 1965 ...... 77,862,000

CONTRIBUTED FUNDS

Total to Fiscal year...... 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 June 30, 1965

New work: Contributed...... $151,708 $83,516 $23,222 $489,388 $37,531 $4,973,691 Cost ...... 95,110 19,705 72,486 358,906 197,780 4,890,655 Maintenance: Contributed...... 19,537 ...... 33,974 1410,326 Cost...... 19,537 ...... 33,974 1410,326

1 Includes $2,867 contributed for flood control emergencies. COASTAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER Organization and functions. ' U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center was established under authority of Public Law 88th Congress, which abolished the former Beach Erosion 172, Harbor Board (organized under authority of section 2, River and Act of 1930, as amended (33 USC 426) ) and directed that its functions other than review of reports of investigations made concerning erosion and protection of the shores of coastal and lake waters, be vested with the Coastal Engineering Research Center. The report review function was transferred to the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, putting reports on beach erosion control and shore protection studies under the same review procedures as reports in other phases, of the water resources study program of the Corps. The authorizing act also provided that the functions of the Coastal Engineering Research Center be conducted with the guidance and advice of a Coastal Engineering Research Board, to be constituted by the Chief of Engineers in the same manner as the former Beach Erosion Board. During fiscal year 1965 the following served as members of the Coastal Engineering Research Board: Maj. Gen. Jackson Graham, U.S. Army, President; Brig. Gen. Arthur H. Frye, Jr., U.S. Army, Division Engineer,; South Pacific Division; Brig. Gen. John C. Divi- Dalrymple, U.S. Army, Division Engineer, North Atlantic sion; Brig. Gen. Peter C. Hyzer, U.S. Army, Division Engineer, New England Division; Dr. Thorndike Saville, Consulting Engi- neer to the State of .New York; Dr. Morrough P. O'Brien, Dean Emeritus of College of Engineering, University of California; and Dr. Arthur T. Ippen, Professor of Hydraulics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Brig. Gen. E. E. Wilhoyt, Jr. succeeded General Frye in May 1965.. Colonel F. O. Diercks is Executive Secretary to the Board and Director of Coastal Engineering Re- search Center. The Coastal Engineering Research Center is the principal research and development facility of the Corps in the field of coastal engineering. Its general functions are as follows: (a) conceive, plan, and conduct research and development to provide better understanding of shore processes, winds, waves, tides, surges, and currents as they apply to navigation improvements, flood and storm protection, beach 'erosion control, and coastal engineering works; (b) ;furnish technical assistance as directed by the Chief of Engineers in the conduct of studies made by other elements of the Corps with the view of devising effective means of preventing erosion of shores of coastal and lake waters by waves and currents; and (c) publish information and data concerning, coastal phenomena and research and development projects which are useful to the Corps and the public. Other functions assigned by the Chief of Engineers are: (a) assist the Chief of Engineers in planning and designing of coastal works by determination of probable effects of such works on adjacent shorelines; establishment of hurricane protection criteria, evaluation of effectiveness of proposed coastal navigation im- 1639 1640 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 provements, and by review for technical adequacy of studies, plans and specifications for beach erosion control and other coastal engineering works; (b) provide staff support to the Coastal Engineering Research Board in conduct of its functions; (c) maintain liaison through appropriate Army and governmental agencies with domestic and foreign institutions which have the same interests in order to evaluate the effect of other efforts on the United States coastal research program; and (d) provide consulting services on coastal engineering problems to other elements of the Corps of Engineers and other governmental agencies as directed. Operations and results during fiscal year. The staff of the Coastal Engineering Research Center reviewed 33 reports for technical adequacy; that total was comprised of 10 navigation, 12 hurricane protection: 8 beach erosion control, 2 combined beach erosion control-hurricane protection and 1 combined beach erosion-navigation reports. In keeping with the responsibility for publishing information and data concerning coastal phenomena, 14 technical reports by staff members were published during the year and one other is currently in press. Seven technical memo- randa were issued by the Coastal Engineering Research Center and another is in press. The Annual Bulletin for fiscal year 1964 contained six technical articles. Two technical manuscripts were published in the "Miscellaneous Papers" series. Eight technical papers prepared by the staff have been published in the technical press. Five other technical reports were presented before technical groups, but are not planned for publication. Nine additional reports are in preparation. During the year the staff worked on nine major research or engineering projects and prepared six reports for various agencies. A number of lesser studies were made and reported on. A training course in coastal engineering was given to a group of trainees from the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, invited lectures were given at two universities, and a number of descriptive presentations were made by staff members to technical and non-technical groups. Research to supplement staff activities was carried out at nine universities under twelve contracts. Funds were also provided the Waterways Experiment Station to assist in construction of the generalized tidal model basins. A major effort was involved in a geophysical and geological search for offshore bottom materials that would be suitable for beach use along the Atlantic Coast, and in a study of methods to get this material onshore. At the end of the year, studies by the staff were in progress on: the characteristics of ocean waves by actual measurement at' a number of localities; methods of bypassing sand at inlets; sources of beach material; wave runup and overtopping on shore structures; propagation and effect of secondary waves; study of longshore currents; stability of rubblemound structures; relation of littoral drift rate to incident waves; amount of suspended sand in the surf zone; model-scale effects; adaptations of the wave spectrum analyzer to laboratory and full field use; use of radioactive and fluorescent tracers in beach studies; sand dune growth and stabilization by sand fences; beach deformation un- COASTAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER 1641 der wave action; use of offshore borrow material for beach fills; tests and development of precast interlocking concrete blocks for seawall protection; reexamination of completed shore protection projects; relation of edge-waves and cusps; breaker characteristics and wave set-up. Research work at the Coastal Engineering Research Center or sponsored at universities is, in general, financed by Coastal Engineering Research and Development funds, general expense funds and engineering studies funds. Appro- priated and allotted funds in the three categories for fiscal year 1965 amounted to $850,000, $180,000, and $56,100 respectively, or a total of $1,086,100. Reimbursable projects provided other funds amounting to about $115,000. :i : i : CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION This Commission, consisting of three Corps officers appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate, created by act of March 1, 1893 (27 Stat. L., p. 507), was organized in San Fran- cisco, Calif., on June 8, 1893, and has jurisdiction and duties extending over drainage area of Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, comprising great central valley of California and extending from crest of Sierra Nevada on the east to that of Coast Range on the west, and from Mount Shasta and Pitt River Basin on the north to Tehachapi Mountains on the south. These rivers empty into head of Suisun Bay ultimately discharging into Pa- cific Ocean through connecting bays and, straits. and the Golden Gate. Duties of the Commission comprise regulation of hydraulic mining in drainage area of Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, Calif., so that debris will not be carried into navigable waters or otherwise cause damage; jurisdiction over construction and control of water storage facilities for domestic, irrigation and power development purposes; and direction of improvements for control of floods on Sacramento River.

IMPROVEMENTS Page Page Navigation Navigation-Continued 1. Regulation of hydraulic 3. Treatment of Yuba River mining and preparation d e bris situation-re- of plans ...... 1643 straining barriers, Cali- 2. Sacramento River and ... fornia ...... 1646 tributaries, California Flood Control (debris control) ...... 1645 4. Sacramento River, Calif. 1649

1. REGULATION OF HYDRAULIC MINING AND PREPARATION OF PLANS Location. Operations largely limited to territory between Mount Lassen on the north and Yosemite Valley on the south, on western watershed of Sierra Nevada. (See Geological Survey sheets for the area, 25 in number.) Existing project. Provides for regulating hydraulic mining operations, planning improvement of conditions upon Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tributaries affected by such operations, and preparation of plans to enable hydraulic mining to be resumed in their drainage areas. In addition, Secretary of Army is authorized to enter into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris-storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation purposes and power development, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve. Applications of prospective miners are fully investigated by California Debris Commission and permits to operate are issued to those who provide satisfactory debris-restraining basins by construction of suitable dams where necessary or agree to make payment for storage in Government-constructed, debris- restraining reservoirs constructed under act of June 19, 1934, as set forth below. For location and description of Government- 1643 1644 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 constructed debris-restraining reservoirs for general hydraulic mining see Improvement 2.

Existing project was authorized by the following:

Acts Work authorized Documentsl

Mar. 1, 1893 Created California Debris Commission and authorized: (a) Ex. Doc. 267, 51st Cong., 2d sess. Ex. Hydraulic mining under its regulation in drainage areas Doc. 98, 47th Cong., 1st sess. of Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, if possible without injury to navigability of these liver systems or to lands adjacent there to; and (b) preparation of plans by Com- mission for improvement of navigability of these river systems, and flood and debris-control therein. Feb. 27,1907 Authorized California Debris Commission to permit hy- (Amendment of see. 13, act of Mar. 1, draulic mining without construction of impounding works, 1893.) provided there is no injury to navigability of above river systems or lands adjacent thereto. June 19, 1934 Amended act of Mar. 1, 1893, which provides for construction of debris dams or other restraining works by Cali- fornia Debris Commission and collection of a 3-percent tax on gross proceeds of each mine using such facilities, so as to eliminate this tax and substitute an annual tax per cubic yard mined, obtained by dividing total capital cost of each dam, reservoir, and rights-of-way, by total capacity of reservoir for restraint of debris; and authorized revocation of commission orders permitting such mining, for failure to pay this annual tax within 30 days after its due date; and also authorized receipt of money advances, from mineowners to aid such construction, to be refunded later from annual payments of yardage taxes on material mined. June 25, 1938 Added at end of seec. 23 of above act, a provision that Sec- retary of the Army is authorized to enter into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris-storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation purposes and power development, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve, these payments are to be deposited to credit of such reservoir project, reducing its capital cost to be repaid by tax on mining operations.

1 For latest published map, see Annual Report for 1913, p. 3170, and Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 50, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Mineowners must bear all expenses incurred in complying with orders of the Commission for regulation of mining and restraint of debris. Operations and results during fiscal year. Inspections of' hydraulic mines were accomplished to determine compliance of mineowners with requirements of licenses issued. Administra- tive work overlaps that of improvements 2, 3, and 4, hereunddi, and that of Sacramento Engineer District. Condition at end of fiscal year. The Commission received 1,292 applications for hydraulic mining licenses; 8 mines are licensed, of which 3 use storage behind Government debris dams. Work remaining is, in general, continuation of above or similar operations.

Cost and financial statement 1645 RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION

2. SACRAMENTO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIFORNIA (DEBRIS CONTROL) Project reservoirs are to be constructed in water- Location. Geo- sheds of Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers, Calif. (See number.) logical Survey sheets for basin areas, seven in project. Designed to permit resumption of hydraulic Existing of mining on a substantial scale and provides for construction reservoirs for purpose of retaining mining debris. North Fork North Fork of American River about 5 miles Reservoir is on Sacramento. northeast of city of Auburn and 40 miles northeast of is 155 feet high, 620 feet long, and reservoir has a debris- Dam Engle- storage capacity of 26 million cubic yards. Harry L. 20 miles northeast of bright Reservoir is on Yuba River about Dam is 260 feet high, 1,142 feet long, and city of Marysville. cubic yards. reservoir has a debris storage capacity of 118 million are also utilized for recreational purposes; Completed reservoirs Recreation initial facilities were provided in fiscal year 1959. at Harry L. Englebright Reservoir are maintained by Corps areas Reservoir are of Engineers. Recreation areas at North Fork operated by Auburn Recreation Park and Park- maintained and of way District. Total Federal cost of new work for construction reservoirs was $4,646,872, including $40,000 for recreation these Dam was facilities. Cost of recreational areas at North Fork 1965) that improvements to rec- $57,500. It is estimated (July Dam. reational areas will cost $446,000 for Harry L. Englebright project sites on Middle Fork of American River and Reservoir from fore- on Bear River are considered inactive and excluded estimate. Estimated cost of this portion is $2,298,128 going cost and Harbor Act (1935). Existing project was adopted by River and Harbors Committee Doc. 50, 74th Cong., of 1935 (Rivers Act 1st sess.). For latest published map, see project document. of November 6, 1945, provided that dam constructed at Upper Narrows site on Yuba River, Calif., should thereafter be Harry L. Englebright Dam. cooperation. Satisfactory assurances were furnished Local of reser- the Secretary of the Army for repayment of capital cost voir from taxes on material hydraulically mined, under licenses, in these reservoirs., These funds are paid to and impounded of the Director of Internal Revenue then credited by Treasurer States to Hydraulic Mining in California Debris fund. United Reser- Improvements made to facilities at North Fork Dam and Auburn Recreation Park and Parkway District under a voir by Boat lease agreement with Secretary of the Army and Auburn Clubs (concessionaire) at an estimated cost of $36,000 since Sep- tember 1953. and results during fiscal year. New work: Code Operations and de- 710 funds-Land acquisition activities and engineering the access road sign were continued by hired labor. Lands for Joe Miller Ravine area were acquired. Con- and parking in the was struction of a restroom-change shelter in recreation area 1 by contract. initiated con- Maintenance: Ordinary maintenance and operation 1646 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 tinued at Harry L. Englebright and North Fork Dams. Struc- tures were maintained in a serviceable condition. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of dams was initiated in 1937, and North Fork Dam and Reservoir was completed and in use at end of fiscal year 1939 and Harry L. Engle- bright Dam and Reservoir was completed in January 1941. The two debris-control structures are in good condition. Public use of these reservoir recreational areas has more than doubled during past 5 years and greatly overtaxes present capacities. An existing contract with Pacific Gas & Electric Co. calls for payment to the Federal Government of $18,000 per year for first 30 years and $48,000 per year after that in return for use of head at Englebright dam and generation of hydroelectric power. Total payment through December 31, 1964, amounts to $396,100; these funds are paid to California Debris Commission and deposited for credit by Director of Internal Revenue to "Debris Fund."

Cost and financial statement

Total to Fiscal year...... 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 June 30, 1965

New work: Appropriated...... $400 $8,000 $5,008 $500 1$33,500 2 3$4,749,375 Cost...... 6,589 335 13,161 527 126,405 2 44,742,280 Maintenance: Appropriated...... 25,000 23,739 28,000 49,023 51,090 5749,005 Cost...... 27,906 28,461 26,708 49,483 53,407 6747,375

1 For recreational facilities, Code 710 appropriations. 9 Exclusive of $644,503 appropriation and costs on inactive portion of project. 8 Includes $102,498 for recreational facilities, Code 710 appropriations. 4 Includes $95,403 for recreational facilities, Code 710 appropriations. e Includes $389,367 regular funds and $359,638 Hydraulic Mining in California funds. " Includes $388,947 regular funds and $358,428 Hydraulic Mining in California funds.

3. TREATMENT OF YUBA RIVER DEBRIS SITUATION- RESTRAINING BARRIERS, CALIFORNIA Location. Works are on Yuba River between Marysville and where the river emerges from the foothills, near Hammonton, some 10 miles easterly from Marysville, or about 9 miles below the Narrows. (See Geological Survey Topographic map of Sac- ramento Valley, Calif.) Existing project. Provides for storage of mining debris within riverbed of Yuba River, a nonnavigable stream, to keep such debris from passing into Feather and Sacramento Rivers to detriment of navigation therein. Improvement consists of a debris barrier, a 40-foot wide reinforced concrete stepped slab with upstream and downstream cutoff walls; training walls 85,100 feet long which provide a 600-foot wide channel above and a 500- foot wide channel below dam; dikes across overflow channels; and protective works downstream to maintain Yuba River in its confined channel to its junction with Feather River at Marysville. Total cost of new work was $723,259, of which $361,482 was U.S. funds and $361,777 required contributed funds by State of Cali- fornia. (For details of project in its original form, see Annual Report, 1917, p. 1810.) In February 1963, center section of dam failed and major rehabilitation of structure was completed in December 1964. Total cost for required rehabilitation was RIVERS AND HARBORS---CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1647 $1,660,000, of which $830,000 was Federal cost and $830,000 required contribution by State of California toward rehabilitation cost. During the December 24, 1964 floodflows on the Yuba River, the recently rehabilitated Daguerre Point Dam sustained considerable damage. (See "Operations and results during fiscal year".) The reconstructed portion of the dam completed: earlier in December 1964 was undamaged by the flood. Permanent repair of Daguerre Point Dam abutment and fish facilities will be accomplished next fiscal year at an estimated total cost of $500,000 with Federal and required State contributed funds on a matching basis. Existing :project was adopted in a rather indefinite form by River and Harbor Act of 1896 and in its more definite form by River and Harbor Act of 1902 (H. Doc. 431, 56th Cong.,: 1st sess.). (For latest published map, see Geological Sur- vey topographic map of Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. Total first costs for new work were $361,777, all of which was required contribution by : State of California. In addition, training walls were built on each bank below Daguerre Point for. 11,250 feet and just above Daguerre Point, on the south bank, for 11,000 linear feet by two gold-dredging companies in connection with their dredging operations. It was estimated (1902) that it would have cost the United States $450,000 to build these training walls. Flood channels were also built by gold-dredging companies within the confines of the project works. It was estimated (1926) that cost of equally effective works to restrain debris movement would have been more than $776,000 to the United States. Senate Bill 1124 approved by the Governor May 24, 1963, (ch. 572), included authorization for expenditure of State funds toward initial major rehabilitation of Daguerre Point Dam. Senate Bill No. 235 to provide State matching funds for the further rehabilitation of Daguerre Point Dam was signed by the Governor June 7, 1965. State of California is required to contribute annually an amount equal to the Federal allotment for maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Op- erations included condition and operation studies, involving maintenance of gages and gage readings, and preparation of plans and specifications, by hired labor. In addition, bank protection was accomplished by contract along Yuba River, both banks, above Simpson Lane in Yuba County. Contract cost of this work during the fiscal year was $78,337. Rehabilitation: Contract for rehabilitation of Daguerre Point Dam, initiated in July 1963, was completed early in Decem- ber 1964. Contract cost of this work during the fiscal year was $567,680, of which $283,840 were Federal costs and $283,840 required contributed funds. On December 22, 1964, the north abutment of Daguerre Point Dam, including the Hallwood-Cordua irrigation diversion structure and a portion of the fish ladder, failed under pressure of the largest flow ever experienced on the Yuba River. The entire structure was inundated and the natural -ementedgravel material against which the dam was originally built eroded rapidly under force of the current and washed away. 1648 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 (The old concrete abutment, a portion of the fish ladder and the entire- irrigation diversion structure became undermined and failed completely.) The reconstructed portion of the dam completed earlier in December 1964 was undamaged by the flood. Necessary minimum repair and restoration work was accomplished under Public Law 875. Plans and specifications have been prepared for the permanent repair of Daguerre Point Dam. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of project works was initiated in November 1902. Construction of Daguerre Point Dam was completed in May 1906; diversion of river over dam was completed in 1910; training walls and dikes were completed in 1935. About 140 million cubic yards of debris are held in lower 7 miles of Yuba River between Marysville and downstream end of training walls. About 20 million cubic yards are confined in river channel by Daguerre Point Dam. Addi- tional millions of yards of loose material are in mine tailings fields adjacent to project training walls in upper 7 mile reach of project. Initial rehabilitation of Daguerre Point Dam, initiated in July 1963, was completed in December 1964. Contract for permanent rehabilitation of structure, necessitated by late December 1964 floodflows, will be awarded in July 1965. Com- pletion is scheduled for October 1965, prior to the 1965-66 flood season.

Cost and financial statement REGULAR FUNDS

Total to Fscal year...... 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 June 30, 1965

New work: Appropriated...... $361,482 Coast...... 361,482 Maintenance: Appropriated...... $60,250 $47,413 $90,587 $28,000 $49,500 11,090,518 Cot...... 69,648 47,444 73,432 61,480 48,822 11,087,165 Rehabilitation: Appropriated...... 900,000...... 225,000 1,125,000 Cost...... 518,266 325,459 843,725

1 Includes $207,500 deferred maintenance funds.

REQUIRED CONTRIBUTED FUNDS

Total to Fiscal year...... 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 June 30,1965

New work: Contributed...... $361,777 Cost ...... 361,777 Maintenance: Contributed...... $60,000 $50,000 $70,000 $50,000 $50,000 1,090,223 Cost ...... 69,648 47,445 73,529 51,480 48,724 1,086,870 Rehabilitation: Contributed...... 800,000 280,000 1,080,000 Coat...... 618,266 325,706 843,972 RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1649 x OTHER CONTRIBUTED FUNDS

Total to Fi.al year...... 1961 1962 1963 1964 '1965 June 30,1965

Rehabilitation: $34,000 $34,000 Contributede...... $34,000 $34,000 Cont......

1 Miscellaneous engineering and construction to be accomplished at expense of local interests in connection with rehabilitation of Daguerre Point Dam necessitated by December 1964 floodflows. 4. SACRAMENTO RIVER, CALIF. Location. Works covered by this improvement are on Sacra- mento River and tributaries in north-central California from Collinsville to Ord Bend, a distance of 184 miles. Previous project. For details see page 1815 of Annual Report for 1917, page 1995 of Annual Report for 1938, and page 2262 of Annual Report for 1907. Existing project. Sacramento River flood control project is a comprehensive plan of flood control for Sacramento River and lower reachs of its principal tributaries. Improvement extends along Sacramento River from Ord Bend in Glenn County, Calif., 184 miles downstream to its mouth at Collinsville at upper end of Suisun Bay, and comprises a system of levees, overflow weirs, drainage pumping plants, and flood bypass channels or floodways designed to carry surplus floodwaters without inundation of valley lands. Approximately 980 miles of levee construction, with an average height of 15 feet, and 98 miles of, bank protection are involved in project. For further details, see Annual Report for 1962, page 2115.

Above levee improvements supplemented by following:

Acts Work authorizedl Documents

Dec. 22, 1944 Additional levee construction and reconstruction, including H. Doe. 649, 78th Cong., 2d seas., and and May levee protection of Upper Butte Basin, and multipurpose H. Doe. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 17, 1960. reservoirs. July 3, 1958 Bank protection and incidental channel improvements, Sac- H. Doc. 272, 84th Cong., 2d seas. ramento River from Chico Landing to Red Bluff, and local interests accomplishment of flood-plain zoning above Chico Landing. Cong., 2d seas. July 14, 1960 Bank protection works at critical locations, Sacramento S. Doc. 103, 86th River.

1 This supplemental work is reported in detail under Sacramento District, Improvement No. 24. Approved estimated (July 1965) cost for existing project (exclusive of above supplemental levee improvements), including new work and maintenance, is $163,900,000, of which $68,900,000 is Federal cost and $95 million non-Federal ($90,050,562 for lands and damages and relocations and $4,949,438 required contributed funds for levee construction, bank-protection works, and levee setbacks). Of this amount $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for maintenance. In addition to project requirements, local interests constructed several pumping plants for drainage of agricultural and urban land protected by project levees. Also, some channel-clearing work was accomplished by State of California and other local interests to supplement project levee construction. Dredging below Cache Slough and recon- 1650 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 struction of Cache Creek settling basin weir are considered deferred and excluded from foregoing cost estimate. Estimated cost (July 1962) of these project units is $2,560,000 and $520,000, respectively, a total of $3,080,000, plus Government costs, for construction. Operation and maintenance of project after completion will be responsibility of local interests; as units of project are completed they are transferred to agencies of State of Cali- fornia for operation and maintenance. Existing project was adopted by 1917 Flood Control Act (H. Doc. 81, 62d Cong., 1st sess., as modified by Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 63d Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by 1928 Flood Control Act (S. Doc. 23, 69th Cong., 1st sess.), River and Harbor Act of 1937 (S. Com- mittee print 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and 1941 Flood Control Act (H. Doc. 205, 77th Cong., 1st sess) . Local cooperation. Local interests have fully complied with requirements for all work completed or under contract, and indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for remaining work as scheduled. Local interests' costs from required contributed funds for project work total $4,949,438 for levee construction, bank-protection works, and levee setbacks, of which $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Construction activities and contract costs were: Levee shaping and patrol roads, right bank Yolo Bypass and left bank Cache Slough, Solano County ($14,105); and levee shaping and stone protection, left bank Sacramento River, Sherman Island, Recla- mation District 341 ($31,995). Project prevented an estimated $150 million in flood damages during the December 1964-Janu- ary 1965 flood period. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of existing project, initiated in fiscal year 1918, is about 99 percent complete. Channel improvement accomplished to date has produced a channel with a capacity of 579,000 cubic feet per second in Sacra- mento River below Cache Slough, In addition, discharges up to 21,000 cubic feet per second can be diverted from Sacramento River through Georgiana Slough. Completed major project items include approximately 977 miles of levees; five weirs with a combined discharge capacity of 602,000 cubic feet per second; two cutoff channels; two sets of outfall gates; channel improvement and clearing in Sacramento River, Butte Creek, Putah Creek, and Sutter and Tisdale Bypasses; construction of,two main passes or floodways and secondary bypasses at Tisdale and Sacra- mento weirs and at Wadsworth Canal; construction of Knights Landing ridge cut and of Cache Creek settling basin; installation of gaging stations; and enlargement of Sacramento River below Cache Slough. Cutoffs at Collins Eddy and between Wild Irish- man and Kinneys Bends were made in 1918 and 1919, respectively. Sacramento weir was completed in 1917, Fremont weir in 1924, Tisdale and Moulton weirs in 1932, and Colusa weir in 1933. Outfall gates at Knights Landing were constructed in 1930 and at mouth of Butte Slough in 1936. Pumping plants on Sutter Bypass were completed in 1944. Work items with reference to clearing, snagging, rectification of channels, and bank FLOOD CONTROL-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1651 protection on Sacramento River and tributaries in Tehama County and from Red Bluff southerly, provided for by 1941 Flood Control Act were accomplished in fiscal years 1947, 1948, 1949, and 1951. Work remaining comprises completion of levee stage construction, Yolo Bypass and Cache Slough; bank protection, Steamboat Slough; levee stage construction, Sherman Island and initiation and completion of levee construction, right bank Yuba River, Walnut Avenue to Marysville North levee.

Total cost of existing project to June 80, 1965

Funds New work Maintenance Total

Regular...... $64,934,672 $1,979,104 1866,913,776 Public works...... 1,486,469 ...... 1,486,469 Total U.S...... 66,421,141 1,979,104 68,400,245 Contributed project work...... 4,939,752 9,686 4,949,438 Contributed, other...... 5,064,466 5,064,466

Total all funds ...... 76,425,359 1,988,790 78,414,149

1Excludes $429,671 representing book value of plant purchased with previous project funds and transferred to existing project without reimbursement.

Cost and financial statement REGULAR FUNDS

Total to Fiscal year...... 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 June 30, 1965

Appropriated...... 1,459,000 1,10,000 $1,025,000 $605,000 $77,847 167,163,941 Cost...... 1,762,367 1,508,874 912,505 936,106 84,916 167,101,141 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... 1,979,104 Cost...... 1,979,104

1 Includes appropriation and cost of $680,000 for new work for previous project. Includes $1,486,469 public works funds for new work for existing project. CONTRIBUI}TED FUNDS

Total to Fiscal year ...... 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 June 30, 19651

New work: Contributed...... -$164,810 -$52,000 -$85,316 $42,000 $13,292 $10,685,314 Cost...... 67,394 70,297 16,004 48,842 17,865 10,684,218 Maintenance: Contributed ...... I...... 9,686 Cost ...... 9,686

1Includes $680,000 required contribution for new work for previous project, $310,801 voluntary contribution for bank protection for existing project, and $4,949,438 required contributed funds for existing project, of which $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for maintenance. . ' .. U. S. ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION The Chief of Engineers, by letter Organizationand functions. Com- dated June 18, 1929, to the President of the Mississippi River directed establishment of an hydraulic laboratory in the mission, Water- alluvial valley of the Mississippi. This institution is the with installations at Vicksburg and ways Experiment Station juris- Jackson, Miss. It was initially established in 1929, under By General diction of President, Mississippi River Commission. 9, Office, Chief of Engineers, July 29, 1949, the station Order effec- was transferred to direct jurisdiction of Chief of Engineers, tive August 10, 1949. Col. John R. Oswalt, Jr., Corps of Engineers, is Director. The organization is principal field agency of Corps of and Engineers for conduct of engineering research, development, activities in technical fields of hydraulics, ground investigational than those mobility, environments, flexible pavements, soils other frost and permafrost, nuclear weapons phases involving seasonal other effects on structures, terrain and waterways, and concrete than those phases relating to design and construction of rigid Experiment pavements. On a reimbursable basis, Waterways Station performs experimental studies, applied research, and pro- service, pertaining to problems encountered vides consulting in its throughout the Corps as are within its broad capabilities include model and prototype assigned fields. Such services ' studies, engineering and analytical design studies, laboratory re- concrete mix- search concerning portland cement and bituminous ture design, laboratory testing, and field investigations. Field investigation services include planning, accomplishment, and exploration of soil and rock forma- analysis of: comprehensive on tions; the effect of physical features of the environment and other military activities; instrumentation ground mobility and to deter- systems to measure water velocities and directions mine pressures, deflections, and strains in engineering structures; field in- telemetry systems, principally for hydrologic data; and services including establishment of control laboratories spection Chief of and training field personnel. Subject to approval by other agencies. Engineers, studies can also be undertaken for Station also provides a central research Waterways Experiment data service to assemble, analyze, and disseminate experimental of importance to the Corps, particularly in, but not necessarily to, fields of hydraulics, soils, concrete, nuclear weapons limited this effects, mobility and environments. In connection with service, the station maintains a translating fact-disseminating issues service and an extensive scientific reference library and general interest, and can aid materially in elimi- publications of in nating duplication of effort throughout the Corps of Engineers conduct of experimental studies. During fiscal year 1965, one the at annual summary, 132 reports of individual studies conducted Waterways Experiment Station, 13 translations, and 83 miscellaneous publications for Waterways Experiment Station and other offices were distributed to Corps of Engineers offices and 1653 1654 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 interested outside agencies. In addition, editing and printing units completed approximately 1,000 miscellaneous assignments for Waterways Experiment Station and other offices. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work accomplished at Waterways Experiment Station is, in general, initially financed by revolving fund, reimbursement therefor being obtained directly from agencies for whom work is performed. Cost for operation of station for fiscal year 1965 was $16,958,929; of which $14,847,- 580 was charged to establishments served for research investigations and related services, and $2,111,349 for permanent improvements., Of the reimbursable work, $5,159,585 was charged to civil funds, $9,054,630 to military funds, and $633,365 to non- governmental' agencies. Total cost incurred for operation of Waterways Experiment Station to June 30, 1965, was $135,078,- 952, of which $125,483,255 represents reimbursable cost and $9,595,697 the unamortized cost of permanent improvements and equipment. PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF NAVIGATION CONGRESSES The United States by Act of June 28, 1902, appropriated $3,000 a year for support and maintenance of the Permanent Interna- tional Commission of Navigation Congresses and for payment of the actual expenses of properly accredited national delegates of the United States to meetings of the Congresses and Commission. An increase in the appropriation of $5,000 annually was authorized by River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. Of this amount, $1,500 is paid by the American Section directly to the International Association with headquarters in Brussels, Belgium. The objec- tive of the,Association--to promote the progress of inland and maritime navigation---is met by holding International Congresses and publishing technical bulletins and other documents. The Congresses are held in various member countries, usually at 4-year intervals. The Association is supported principally by member governments, but membership also extends to corporations and individuals. Member governments are represented at the Con- gresses and at meetings of the Permanent International Com- mission by delegates, the number of official delegates being based on the amount of the annual subsidy paid by the government, but not to exceed 10 in number. Corporate members may send one official representative to the Congresses. Individual membership is of two classes: Annual and Life, depending on the method of Payment of dues. The affairs of the Association are managed by the Permanent International Commission composed of delegates from the supporting governments. U.S. members of the Perma- nent International Commission comprise the National Commission, which is the governing body of the American Section:. Director of Civil Works, Office of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army; and Resident Member, Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, are ex officio Chairman and Secretary, respectively, of the Na- tional Commission. The Secretary handles all administrative matters of the American Section. At the start of fiscal year 1965, U.S. members of the Perma- nlent International Commission were Maj. Gen. Jackson Graham, USA, ex officio Chairman of the National Commission; Col. Ed- laund H. Lang, CE-USA, ex officio Secretary; Brig. Gen. Herbert D. Vogel, USA (Ret.), Engineer Adviser, Technical Operations Division, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; MIr. Carl B. Jansen, Chairman of the Board, Dravo Corp.; Maj. Gen. Kenneth D. Nichols, USA (Ret.), consulting engineer; Maj. Gen. Charles G. Holle, USA (Ret.), Secretary General, XXth In- ternational Navigation Congress, 1961; Mr. Howard J. Marsden, Chief, Division of Ports, Maritime Administration, Department of Commerce; Rear Adm. Peter Corradi, CEC-USN, Chief, Bu- reau of Yards and Docks; Mr. Theodore M. Schad, Senior Special- ist, Engineering and Public Works, Library of Congress; and Mr. Eugene W. Weber, Deputy Director of Civil Works for Policy,, Office of the Chief of Engineers. Effective January 1, 1965, Mr. Braxton B. Carr, President, The American Waterways Oper- 1655 1656 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 ators, Inc., succeeded Gen. Vogel; Mr. Harry G. Schad, Vice Presi- dent and General Manager, Transportation, The Atlantic Refining Co., succeeded Mr. Jansen; and Maj. Gen. Leif J. Sverdrup, USAR (Ret.), Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, Sverdrup and Parcel and Associates, Inc., succeeded Gen. Nichols. Col. Francis H. Falkner, USA (Ret.), is an honorary member of the Commission. Official U.S. delegates to the XXIst International Navigation Congress, held in Stockholm, Sweden, June 27 through July 3, 1965, were: Lt. Gen. Walter K. Wilson, Jr., Chief of Engineers, Chairman, alternate for Maj. Gen. Jackson Graham; Col. Ed- mund H. Lang, Secretary; Maj. Gen. Charles G. Holle; Mr. Brax- ton B. Carr; Mr. Harry G. Schad; Mr. Theodore M. Schad; Maj. Gen. Leif J. Sverdrup; Mr. Eugene W. Weber; and Cdr. W. F. Searle, Jr., Supervisor of Salvage, Bureau of Ships, alternate for Rear Adm. Peter Corradi. The same delegation represented the U.S. at the 1965 annual meeting of the Permanent International Commission, in Copenhagen, Denmark, June 26, 1965. A total of 123 Americans attended the XXIst Congress; of these 68 were active in the technical sessions. American members of PIANC contributed technical papers on all subjects considered. In addition to the U.S., 34 governments participated in the Congress. The American Section was represented at meetings of three international study committees of the Association during the fiscal year. These committees and American Section representatives were: (a) International Oil Tankers Commission, Genoa, Italy, Oc- tober 1964, and Copenhagen, Denmark, June 1965: Mr. Harry G. Schad, Chairman of U.S. Subcommittee of International Commis- sion; (b) International Commission on Force of Waves, Copen- hagen, June 1965: Mr. Thorndike Saville, Jr., Chief, Research Division, U.S. Army Coastal Engineering Research Center; (c) International Commission on Study of Criteria for Economic Justification of Waterways, Copenhagen, June 1965: Mr. Eric E. Bottoms, Civil Engineer, Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors.' Membership of American Section on June 30, 1965, totaled 775, consisting of 709 individuals and 66 corporate members. Federal. funds from annual appropriation were expended as follows: Annual U.S. contribution to Association ...... $1,500 Expenses of representatives to meetings in Copenhagen and Stockholm ...... 2,300 Publications and translations ...... 829 Total obligations ...... 4,629 INVESTIGATIONS AND SUPERVISION OF PROJECTS UNDER FEDERAL WATER POWER ACT Federal Water Power Act of June 10, 1920, created the Federal Power Commission, composed of Secretaries of War, Interior, and Agriculture, with authority to grant permits and licenses for hydroelectric developments in all waters over which Congress has jurisdiction. The act further required that work of the Commis- sion be performed by and through the Departments of War, Interior, and Agriculture, and their engineering, technical, and other personnel except as may be otherwise provided by law. By act of June 23, 1930, entitled "An Act to reorganize the Federal Power Commission," sections 1 and 2 of Federal Water Power Act of 1920 were amended. A commission was provided for to be composed of five commissioners to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Necessity of performing work through the Departments of War, Interior, and Agriculture was removed and the Commission authorized to ap- point such officers and employees as necessary in executing its functions. By title II, Public Utility Act of 1935, original Fed- eral Water Power Act was made part I of Federal Power Act, and parts II and III added to that act. The law also provides that no waterpower license affecting navigable capacity of any navigable waters of the United States shall be issued until plans of the dam or other structures affecting navigation have been approved by the Chief of Engineers and Secretary of the Army. There is further provision whereby any person or corporation intending to construct project works in any stream over which Congress has jurisdiction, other than navigable waters, shall file a declaration of intention for purpose of ascertaining whether or not jurisdiction of the Federal Power Commission will attach. The following work of an engineering nature was assigned and accomplished during the fiscal year: Plans approved by Chief of Engineers and Secretary of the Army in accordance with sec. 4(e) of Federal Water Power Act ...... 35 Reports submitted on applications for preliminary permits or licenses or amendments thereto ...... 109 Licenses and permits under supervision ...... 9 Necessary expenses in excess of nominal amounts for transportation and subsistance of personnel engaged in investigations and cost of supervision under provisions of Federal Power Act are paid from appropriations made for Federal Power Commission. All other costs of administration of laws in question are paid from funds available for general expense of the Corps of Engi- neers. No expenses were paid from appropriations made for Federal Power Commission during the fiscal year.

1657

MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS In addition to the work of improving rivers and harbors, civil works of a miscellaneous character as indicated below have been committed to the Corps of Engineers. Work accomplished. The work of the fiscal year is summarized as follows: Anchorage areas, special, established or modified under provisions of sec. 1, act of Apr. 22, 1940 ...... 2 Anchorages established or modified under provisions of sec. 7, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 4, 1915 ...... 8 Bridge plans approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under provisions of General Bridge Act of Mar. 23, 1906, and Aug. 2, 1946 ...... 113 Bridge rules and regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 5, River and Harbor Act of Aug. 18, 1894 ...... 27 Dams, other than water power structures, plans approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under provisions of sec. 9, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899 ...... 4 Danger zone regulations established or modified under provisions of ch. XIX of the Army Act of July 9, 1918, or sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917 ...... 4 Dumping grounds established or modified under provisions of sec. 4, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1905 ...... 1 Fishing regulations established or modified under sec. 10, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899 ...... 2 Harbor lines established or modified under provisions of sec. 11, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899 ...... 11 Navigation regulations established or modified under provisions of sec. 7, River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917 ...... 7 Permits issued for work or structures in navigable waters under provisions of sec. 10, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899 ...... 6,677 Restricted area regulations established or modified under provisions of sec. 7, River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917 ...... 16 Sunken vessels removed under provisions of secs. 19 and 20, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899 ...... 80 x In addition, 21 extensions of time on bridge plans were approved. In addition, 349 sunken vessels were investigated but not removed. Appropriations. The funds with which the miscellaneous civil works were prosecuted during the year totaled $2,662,518 and were derived as follows:

For investigations, inspections, hearings, reports, service of notice or other action incidental to examination of plans or sites of bridges or other structures built or proposed to be built in or over navigable waters or to examinations into alleged violations of law for the protection and preservation of navigable waters of the United States or to the establishment or marking of harbor lines or establishment of anchorages: Allotted during year ...... $1,162,888 (These funds were allotted from river and harbor appropriations in accordance with the provisions of sec. 6, River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1905). For the investigation and removal of sunken vessels: Balance on hand July 1, 1964 ...... 591,480 Allotted during year (net)...... 908,150 (These funds were allotted from the appropriation "Opera- tion and Maintenance, General, Protection of Navigation, Removal of Sunken Vessels and Other Obstructions"). Total ...... 2,662,518 1659 1660 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 Expenditures. Total expenditures for the fiscal year exclusive of outstanding liabilities, amounting to $193,372, were $2,325,738 expended as follows: For investigations, inspections, hearings, and other action incidental to administration of Federal laws ...... $1,162,888 For the removal of sunken vessels ...... 1,162,850 Total ...... 2,325,738 Total funds available ...... 2,662,518 Total expenditures ...... $2,325,738 Outstanding liabilities ...... 193,372 2,519,110 Balance available June 30, 1965 ...... 143,408

INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY WATERS BOARDS OF CONTROL In order to carry out U.S. obligations under international agreements, several Divisions and Districts of the Corps, with jurisdiction over areas bordering Canada, have representation on a number of Boards of Control established by the International Joint Commission, to assure adherence to rules and regulations, pertaining to the utilization of boundary waters, as promulgated by the Commission. These Boards are as follows: INTERNATIONAL ST. CROIX RIVER BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized in 1915 pursuant to conditions in the orders of the International Joint Commission approving the maintenance and operation of the dam built by St. Croix Water Power Co. and Sprague Falls Manufac- turing Co., Ltd., across St. Croix River at Grand Falls, Maine, and subsequent agreements reached between the U.S. and Canadian Governments. The Board is charged with the duty of formulat- ing and administering rules under which the powerplant and accessories are to be operated to prevent as nearly as possible a level of water at the dam higher than 203.5 (mean sea level datum), and secure the users of water below Grand Falls the flow of water to which they are entitled. The Board is also charged with supervision of the operation of all fishways on that portion of St. Croix River that forms the international boundary. On October 2, 1934, the International Joint Commission issued an order approving reconstruction of the dam by Canadian Cot- tons, Ltd., extending across the St. Croix River from Milltown, New Brunswick, to Miltown, Maine, which contained the following conditions: (a) Reconstructed dam to be operated to insure that forebay levels rise to no higher elevation than that which was obtained in the operation of the dam being replaced; (b) during floods the sluiceways of the dam shall be sufficiently open to insure passage of river flow, and (c) operation of the dam, insofar as necessary to insure observance of the provisions of this Order, be under the supervision of the International St. Croix River Board of Control. Members of the Board for fiscal year. Mr. J. E. Peters, District Engineer, Water Resources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Halifax, Nova Scotia, serving as Canadian Member, and Brig. Gen. Robert R. Ploger, Corps of MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1661

Engineers, U.S. Army, Division Engineer, New England, appointed U.S. member April 30, 1965, to succeed Brig. Gen. Peter C. Hyzer. Operations during fiscal year. Supervision was maintained and inspection made by representatives of the Canadian and U.S. members to insure that the regulations of the International Com- mission were carried out. The Canadian member of the Board of Control and the representative of the U.S. member conducted the annual inspection of Grand Falls dam in September. The Georgia Pacific Co. opened bids in late June 1965 for removal and repairs to the flash boards at the Grand Falls project. The company proposes to accomplish these repairs during the summer of 1965. On September 16, 1964, the International Joint Commis- sion inspected the Grand Falls and Milltown Dams in company with the St. Croix Engineering Board. On September 17, 1964, the International Joint Commission conducted a public hearing on the application of the Georgia Pacific Co. for approval to recon- struct Vanceboro Dam, a control structure upstream from the Grand Falls project.

INTERNATIONAL LAKE MEMPHREMAGOG BOARD Constitution and duties. Lake Memphremagog is in northern Vermont and southeastern Quebec and has as its outlet Magog River in Canada. In 1920, a petition filed by the city of Newport and towns of Derby, Coventry, and Barton, Vt., alleged they had been harmed by high lake levels attributable to construction and operation of powerplants on the: Magog River. As a result, an international body composed of one engineer each from the United States and Canada entitled "International Lake Memphremagog Board" was appointed to consider the matter and submit a joint report to each Government as to the level or levels at which Lake Memphremagog should so far as possible, be maintained. At the request of local interests, consideration of the problem was suspended until 1931 when a survey was made. Subsequently, a joint report by the two members of the Board, dated May 14, 1934, was submitted to their respective Governments. This report recommended that the levels of the lake under normal flow conditions range between an upper elevation of 682.70 feet above mean sea level (Geodetic Survey of Canada, 1923 adjustment), and a lower limit of 678.85 feet above the same datum. During flood conditions, the sluiceways of the dam shall be so operated as to reduce the flood water elevations to the normal regulated level of 682.70 as rapidly as possible. The Board was reactivated in August 1960 as a result of a complaint on July 20, 1959, by a resident of Newport, Vt., concerning high lake levels due to alleged improper operation of the powerplant. Members of the Board for fiscal year. Mr. J. D. McLeod, Chief Engineer, Operations Division, Water Resources Branch, Depart- ment of Northern Affairs and National Resources, for Canada and Col. M. M. Miletich, District Engineer, New York District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, for the United States. Operations during fiscal year. None. Following table contains data based on daily readings of the elevation of Lake Memphre- magog at Newport, Vt., from July 1, 1964, to June 30, 1965, 1662 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 furnished by Water Resources Branch of U.S. Geological Survey. Datum of the gage is 673.00 feet above mean sea level, U.S. Geo- logical Survey 1929 adjustment which is 0.3 feet greater than Geodetic Survey of Canada 1923 adjustment.

Maximum, minimum, and monthly mean elevations of Lake Memphremagog at Newport, from July 1, 1964, to June 30, 1965. Plane of reference is mean sea level.

Month Maximum Minimum Mean

1964: July...... 681.50 681.06 681.18 August...... 681.07 680.08 680.67 September...... 680.80 680.01 680.46 October...... 679.99 679.61 679.83 November...... 680.56 679.95 680.22 December .. ,...... 681.39 680.58 680.76 1965: January...... 681.60 681.40 681.51 February...... 681.39 680.93 681.25 March...... 681.11 680.42 680.79 April...... 683.10 679.95 681.50 May...... 682.98 682.54 682.78 June...... 682.53 682.25 682.40

INTERNATIONAL LAKE CHAMPLAIN BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized pursuant to the provisions of the orders, dated June 10, 1937, of the Inter- national Joint Commission, approving construction and operation of certain remedial works in Richelieu River at Fryer's Island, Quebec. The Board is responsible for insuring compliance with provisions of the order of approval insofar as they relate to the regulation of the levels of Lake Champlain. Members of the Board for fiscal year. Mr. H. B. Rosenberg, Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and Na- tional Resources, for Canada and Col. M. M. Miletich, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, for the United States. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Construc- tion of the Fryer's Island control dam was completed in December 1938. Gates have been installed but have not been operated, pending excavation of the natural river channel upstream from the dam.

INTERNATIONAL ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties: The International St. Lawrence River Board of Control was appointed in February 1954 pursuant to the provisions of the Order of Approval dated October 29, 1952, issued by the International Joint Commission for construction of certain works for development of power in the International Rapids Section of the St. Lawrence River. The Commission instructed the Board to perform the duties assigned to it by the Order of Approval of October 29, 1952. These responsibilities include: (a) Board of Control is to determine the gages, measurements, and other services to be provided by the Power Authority of the State of New York and the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario in order to furnish accurate records relating to water levels and discharge of water through the works and regulation of' the flow of:water through the International Rapids Section; MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1663

(b) upon completion of the works the duties of the Board shall be to insure that the provisions of the Commission's Orders re-" lating to water levels and the regulation of the discharge of water from Lake Ontario and the flow of water through the International Rapids Section are complied with, and the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario and the Power Authority of the State of New York shall duly observe any direction given them by the Board of Control for the purpose of insuring such compliance. The Board of Control shall report to the Commission at such times as the Commission may determine; and (c) in addition to the reports to be made to the Commission in accordance with the terms of the Orders of Approval, the Board was requested to report at the Commission's semiannual meetings and also to keep the Commission currently informed with regard to the discharge of water from Lake Ontario and the flow through the International Rapids Section of the St. Lawrence River. At a meeting of the International Joint Commission in Toronto on January 25, 1957, studies of the regulation of Lake Ontario in furtherance of such studies accomplished by the International Lake Ontario Board of Engineers, were assigned to the Inter- national St. Lawrence River Board of Control. Members of the Board for fiscal year. Canadian members: Mr. T. M. Patterson, Director, Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Chairman of the Canadian Section; Mr. J. B. Bryce, Hydraulic Engineer, Hydro- Electric Power Commission of Ontario; Mr. Y. DeGuise, Quebec Hydro-Electric Commission; and Mr. D. M. Ripley, Chief Hydrau- lic Engineer, Economic Policy and Research Branch, Department of Transport. U.S. members: Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engi- neer Division, North Central, Chairman, ex officio, U.S. Section; Mr. Thomas M. Crum, Deputy to the Chief, Division of Licensed Projects, Federal Power Commission; Mr. J. B. McMorran, Super- intendent of Public Works, State of New York; and Mr. F. F. Snyder, Hydraulic Engineer, Office, Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Brig. Gen. Roy T. Dodge, U.S. Army Engineer Division, North Central was Division Engineer during fiscal year 1965. Activities during fiscal year. The Board met in Ottawa Oc- tober 6, 1964; presented its Twenty-Second Progress Report to the International Joint Commission on October 7, 1964; met in Ottawa on November 12, 1964, in New York City on December 14, 1964, and January 5, 1965, and in Washington on April 6, 1965; and presented its Twenty-Third Progress Report to the Interna- tional Joint Commission on April 8, 1965. The Board of Control approved the Twentieth and Twenty-First reports by the Com- mittee on River Gaging, a committee of the Board which provides and maintains a comprehensive program for recording river levels and flows. The Power Entities installed necessary gages requested to date and the required records are being obtained. Committee on River Gaging keeps the Board of control ad- vised regarding the gaging program. Levels and outflows of Lake Ontario continued to be regulated in accordance with the International Joint Commission directive of April 8, 1960 that, 1664 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 commencing April 20, 1960, the St. Lawrence project be so operated as to conform to the criteria and other requirements of the Commission's Orders of Approval dated October 29, 1952, and July 2, 1956. During the reporting period the water supplies to Lake Ontario have continued to be below normal, in fact, lower than the supplies used in the testing of the present regulation plan, Plan 1958-D. In this situation the Order of Approval provides that the works be operated to provide all possible relief to navigation and power :interests. Under its discretionary authority, with continuing guidance from the International Joint Commission and with advice from the interests involved the Board of Control regulated the Lake Ontario outflow to best meet the requirements set forth in the Orders of Approval. In some instances this involved storage of water by flowing less than minimum flows under the present regulation plan; in other instances water has been taken from storage. Peaking tests were continued throughout the period and ponding tests were authorized during the non- navigation season. Additional emergency flows were authorized during winter months to be used to meet possible system emergencies. No problems related to ice formation were encountered during the winter.

INTERNATIONAL NIAGARA BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was established August 19, 1953 by directive of the International Joint Commission to supervise the construction, maintenance and operation of the Ni- agara Remedial Works, recommended by the International Joint Commission in its 1953 report "Preservation and Enhancement of Niagara Falls'". Members of the Board for fiscal year. The Board consists of four members, two representing the United States and two representing Canada. U.S. members of the Board were Brig. Gen. Roy T. Dodge, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, North Central, Corps of Engineers, Chairman, ex officio, U.S. Section; and Mr. Thomas M. Crum, Deputy to the Chief, Division of Licensed Projects, Federal Power Commission. Canadian members were Mr. T. M. Patterson, Director, Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Chairman of the Canadian Section, and Mr. Gerald Millar, Chief Engineer, Harbours and Rivers Engineering Branch, Department of Public Works. Activities during fiscal year. After removal of a shoal area near Tower Island, the Power Entities felt that it was desirable to retain the access ramp that had been constructed between the Control Structure and Tower Island. The International Joint Commission approved retention of the ramp during the 1963-64 and 1964-65 winter periods. No adverse effects have been noted from the ramp. On June 10, 1965 the International Joint Com- mission signed a Supplementary Order approving the permanent retention of the rock filled ramp subject to the conditions that it be suitably landscaped and that the Entities be responsible for damages arising from construction and maintenance of MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1665 the ramp. The ice boom in thee outlet from Lake Erie, referred to in the previous report, was completed and in operation on a test basis during the winter of 1964-65. No serious ice problems were encountered during the winter. During the past fiscal year the gates in the control structure were operated to maintain the pool within the limits set by the Board. On days when there are ice runs or storms the normal operating limits for the Chip- pawa-Grass Island pool may be suspended temporarily and, under such circumstances, the Power Entities diverting water from the pool are expected to use their best judgment in operating the gates. The Board, assisted by regular reports from its Working Committee, has closely observed the operation of the control structure to assure that operation of the structure was in accordance with the Board's instructions. The Board has encountered no unusual maintenance problem during the year.

INTERNATIONAL NIAGARA COMMITTEE Constitution and duties. The treaty of 1950 between Canada and the United States concerning the uses of waters of the Niagara River was signed February 27, 1950. By its provisions, limitations on the diversions of Niagara River water for power in accordance with article V of the treaty of 1909 are terminated and temporary international agreements for the allocation of waters of the Niagara River for power purposes are replaced. In accordance with provisions of article VII of the 1950 Treaty, a representative was appointed by each government who, acting jointly, shall ascertain and determine the amounts of water available for the purposes of this treaty, and shall record the same and shall also record the amounts of water used for power diversions. By an exchange of notes during January 1955, the two governments officially designated the representatives appointed in conformance with article VII of the 1950 Treaty as the Interna- tional Niagara Committee. With regard to flows and diversions, the treaty of 1950 became effective October 10, 1950. Under terms of the treaty, all waters in excess of certain minimum flows which are required to maintain the scenic spectacle at Niagara Falls are available for diversion for power and, with the exception of the 5,000 cubic feet per second authorized October 1940 for diversion by Canada, are to be allocated equally between both countries. Minimum flows over the Falls shall be not less than 100,000 cubic feet per second between 8 a.m. and 10 p.m. e.s.t. from April 1 to September 15, and 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. from September 16 to October 31. At all other times the flow over the Falls shall be not less than 50,000 cubic feet per second. A brief history regarding the measurement and supervision of diversion of waters from the Niagara River prior to the designation of the representatives appointed under article VII of the 1950 Treaty as the International Niagara Committee is in the Annual Report for 1955. Members of. the Committee for fiscal year. Consists of two members, one representing Canada and one representing the United States. Canadian representative was Mr. T. M. Patter- son, Director, Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern 1666 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa, and the U.S. representative, ex officio, was Brig. Gen. Roy T. Dodge, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, North Central, Corps of Engineers. Operations during fiscal year. The Committee received daily reports of operation of the hydro-electric generating stations on the Niagara River which diverted water from the river above the Falls, and the DeCew Falls Plant, which diverts water from Lake Erie through the Welland Canal. These reports, submitted in the form prescribed by the Committee and showing for each hour the quantities of water diverted by each plant, were checked by the Committee. Monthly and annual summaries were prepared. The Committee included with each monthly summary an explana- tion of any treaty violation which may have occurred during the month. , Bi-weekly and intermittent inspections of all plants were made by representatives of the Committee jointly and in- dividually to obtain independent watt meter readings of power output. Records of water levels in the Niagara River above and below the falls were obtained by means of self-registering gages.

INTERNATIONAL LAKE SUPERIOR BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board, established in pursuance of orders issued by the International Joint Commission May 26 and 27, 1914, is charged with the supervision of the operations of all compensating works and all power canals and appurtenances with a view to so controlling the outflow from Lake Superior as to maintain its level as nearly as may be between elevations 600.5 and 602.0 feet above mean water level at Father Point, Quebec (International Great Lakes Datum-1955) and to so controlling the outflow as to prevent the level of the St. Marys River below the locks from exceeding elevation 582.9. Members of the Board for fiscal year. Mr. T. M. Patterson, Director, Water Resources Branch Department of Northern Af- fairs and National Resources, for danada; and Brig. Gen. Roy T. Dodge, Division Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer Division, North Central, ex officio, for the United States. Operations during fiscal year. The Board kept in touch during the year with conditions pertaining to the regulation of Lake Superior through representatives of Canada and the United States on the ground and by means of regular and systematic reports of the water levels on Lake Superior in the St. Marys River above and below the Sault locks, and on Lake Huron. rRecords of discharge at Sault Ste. Marie through the rapids, navigation canals, and powerplants were also systematically reported to the Board. Changes in the rate of outflow from Lake Superior are directed by the Board as indicated by the rule curve currently in use. Dur- ing the past year the Board continued the use of the modified plan of operation under the rule of 1949 for the regulation of Lake Superior. In recognition of the continuing deficient supply situation in the Great Lakes area and of the relatively higher level of Lake Superior with respect to low water datum than Lakes Michigan and Huron, the Board, with the approval of the Inter- national Joint Commission, has allowed a higher outflow from Lake Superior than that provided for by the plan of regulation. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1667 The higher flows will be continued so long as Lake Superior re- mains relatively high and the supplies to the lower lakes remain deficient. A joint inspection of the compensating works was made August 19, 1964, by the Canadian and U.S. Members of the Board. The Board expressed dissatisfaction with the degree of maintenance on the structure and its operating mechanism. In- creased lubrication was requested and acceleration of gate painting, particularly on the Canadian portion of the structure, was directed. During the remainder of the year the maintenance program achieved the following: Control gates 1 to 4 ...... Scraped and painted. Control gates 1 to 8 ...... All machines greased and oiled. Heavy timber deck ...... Approximately 800 linear feet of plank- ing replaced.

LAKE OF THE WOODS WATERSHED The members of International Lake of the Woods Control Board, the International Rainy Lake Board of Control, and the Interna- tional Prairie Portage Board of Control for fiscal year were Mr. J. D. McLeod, for Canada, and Lt. Col. Leslie B. Harding for the United States.

INTERNATIONAL LAKE OF THE WOODS CONTROL BOARD The Convention between the United States and Great Britain proclaimed July 17, 1925, provides for the regulation of the level of the Lake of the Woods in order to secure to the inhabitants of the United States and Canada the most advantageous use of the waters thereof, and of the waters flowing into and from the lake on each side of the boundary between the two countries. The Convention also provides for the establishment and maintenance of a Canadian Lake of the Woods Control Board to regulate and control outflow of waters of the lake, and for establishment and maintenance of an International Lake of the Woods Control Board, composed of two engineers, one representing the United States and the other representing Canada, to whose approval the rate of total discharge shall be subject whenever the elevation rises above elevation 1061 .or falls below elevation 1056, sea level datum. Operations during fiscal year. Supervision was maintained to insure that every effort was being made to comply with the provisions of the Convention. The members of the Board jointly inspected the dams at the outlet of the lake. The U.S. member of the Board and members of his staff made a reconnaissance of Wheelers Point area to inspect damages caused by excessive wind on September 26, 1964. In June 1965, office personnel also investigated a claim for damages from that storm.

INTERNATIONAL RAINY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL The Convention between United States and Canada, ratified by U.S. Senate August 30, 1940, provides in part that: "The International Joint Commission* * * is hereby clothed with power to determine when emergency conditions exist in the Rainy Lake watershed, whether by reason of high or low water, and 1668 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1965 the Commission is hereby empowered to adopt such measures of control as to it may seem proper with respect to existing dams at Kettle Falls and International Falls, as well as with respect to any existing or future dams or works in boundary waters of the Rainy Lake watershed, in the event the Commission shall determine that such emergency conditions exist." On June 8, 1949, the Commission issued an order to the owners of dams at outlets of Namakan Lake and Rainy Lake, which provided for a method of regulation as recommended by International Rainy Lake Board of Control. Order provides for certain levels during the various seasons of the year as well as control of outflows, with view to securing most advantageous use of water in total to the various interests. A supplementary order dated October 1, 1957, modified regulations for Namakan Lake to provide for some variation in operation based on anticipated spring runoff. This supplementary order was extended for an additional 5 years to October 30, 1967, by action of the International Joint Commission on October 2, 1962. Operations during fiscal year. Basic data were compiled and engineering reports were submitted to the Commission. The members of the Board jointly inspected the dams at the outlets of Namakan and Rainy Lakes.

INTERNATIONAL PRAIRIE PORTAGE BOARD OF CONTROL Prairie Portage Board of Control was formed by International Joint Commission for purpose of furnishing it with technical advice regarding suitability of dam structure at Prairie Portage, Lake County, Minn. After approval of plans by Department of the Army, and International Joint Commission, the Board was retained to advise the Commission further regarding progress of construction and any other matters which might arise concerning this project. U.S. Forest Service constructed a cofferdam before World War II but postponed work on the project during the war. Work has not been resumed except that cofferdam was repaired from time to time, as needed, to maintain stages on chain of lakes above.

INTERNATIONAL KOOTENAY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized to secure compliance with the provisions of the orders of the International Joint Commission dated November 11, 1938, and August 5, 1949, relating to the construction and operation of control works by the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Co., of Canada, Ltd., through the West Kootenay Power and Light Co., Ltd., in and adjacent to the channel of the Kootenay River, and regulation of the levels of Kootenay Lake in the Province of British Columbia. Members of the Board for fiscal year. H. T. Ramsden, Dis- trict Engineer, Water Resources Branch, Department of North- ern Affairs and National Resources, Vancouver, British Columbia, and A. F. Paget, Deputy Minister of Water Resources, Depart- ment of Lands, Forests and Water Resources, Victoria, British Columbia, for Canada; and Lt. Col. H. E. Dewey, Acting District Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer District, Seattle, Wash., until MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1669 August 27, 1964, and thereafter Col. C. C. Holbrook, District Engi- neer, and W. I. Travis, District Engineer, U.S. Geological Survey, Boise, Idaho, for the United States. Operations during fiscal year. No formal meetings of the Board were held. Operation of Kootenay Lake was checked for compliance with the provisions of the orders of the Commission. Investigations and inspection visits to the area were made by individual members of the Board. Annual report was submitted to the Commission.

INTERNATIONAL OSOYOOS LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. A special board of engineers was constituted to insure compliance with the provisions of the order of the International Joint Commission dated July 12, 1943, direct- ing investigation of high-water conditions on the Okanogan River and studies of the relationships between certain obstructions, complained of in an application of the State of Washington, and the levels of Osoyoos Lake. The Board was enlarged from two to four members by an order of the Commission dated Sep- tember 12, 1946, to carry out the provisions of the order relative to the operation of the Zosel Dam. Members of the Board for fiscal year. H. T. Ramsden, Dis- trict Engineer, Water Resources Branch, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Vancouver, British Columbia, Chairman, and A. W. Walkey, District Engineer, Harbours and Rivers Engineering Branch, Department of Public Works, Van- couver, British Columbia, for Canada; and F. M. Veatch, Hydrol- ogist, Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Tacoma, Wash., Chairman, and Col. C. C. Holbrook, District Engineer, U.S. Army Engineer District, Seattle, Wash., Corps of Engineers, for the United States. Operations during fiscal year. The Board met at Oroville, Wash., February 8, 1965. Supervision was maintained to insure compliance with the provisions of the International Joint Commission. Cross sections at the outlet of Osoyoos Lake and in the vicinity of the mouth of Tonasket Creek were run September 22, 1964. In this connection, the Board feels it is desirable to make an annual survey of the Tonasket Creek bar and adjacent area and increase the number of cross-sections in this survey so that hereafter it will be possible to compute approximate volumes of sedimentary material whenever major changes or depositions take place at the Tonasket Creek bar, and relate these changes to runoff conditions. The U.S. Geological Survey and the Water Resources Branch of Canada on November 19, 1964, completed a 3-day survey and installation of a more intensive network of cross profiles, as a beginning to the annual evaluation of sediment deposition. Annual report was submitted to the Commission.