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New Bryophyte Records from the Mediterranean Region of Chile

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New Bryophyte Records from the Mediterranean Region of Chile cryptogamie Bryologie 2020 ● 41 ● 11 DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION/ PUBLICATION DIRECTOR : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Denis LAMY ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Marianne SALAÜN ([email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Marianne SALAÜN RÉDACTEURS ASSOCIÉS / ASSOCIATE EDITORS Biologie moléculaire et phylogénie / Molecular biology and phylogeny Bernard GOFFINET Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut (United States) Mousses d’Europe / European mosses Isabel DRAPER Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) Francisco LARA GARCÍA Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) Mousses d’Afrique et d’Antarctique / African and Antarctic mosses Rysiek OCHYRA Laboratory of Bryology, Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow (Pologne) Bryophytes d’Asie / Asian bryophytes Rui-Liang ZHU School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai (China) Bioindication / Biomonitoring Franck-Olivier DENAYER Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques de Lille, Laboratoire de Botanique et de Cryptogamie, Lille (France) Écologie des bryophytes / Ecology of bryophyte Nagore GARCÍA MEDINA Department of Biology (Botany), and Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) COUVERTURE / COVER : Tortula splachnoides (Hornsch.) R.H.Zander, taken on July 2016 in Valparaíso Province (photo corresponds to voucher Larraín 40299, CONC, cited in the article) Cryptogamie, Bryologie est indexé dans / Cryptogamie, Bryologie is indexed in: – Biological Abstracts – Current Contents – Science Citation Index – Publications bibliographiques du CNRS (Pascal). Cryptogamie, Bryologie est distribué en version électronique par / Cryptogamie, Bryologie is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Cryptogamie, Bryologie est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris Cryptogamie, Bryologie is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Geodiversitas, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Mycologie. Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2020 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1290-0796 / ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1776-0992 New bryophyte records from the Mediterranean region of Chile Juan LARRAÍN Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso (Chile) [email protected] (corresponding author) María J. CANO Juan A. JIMÉNEZ Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 (Spain) Submitted on 29 October 2019 | Accepted on 19 June 2020 | Published on 28 July 2020 Larraín J., Cano M. J. & Jiménez J. A. 2020. — New bryophyte records from the Mediterranean region of Chile. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 41 (11): 131-140. https://doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2020v41a11. http://crypto- gamie.com/bryologie/41/11 ABSTRACT Based on recent fieldwork and examination of herbarium collections from different parts of the Mediterranean climate areas of Chile, we report ten new bryophyte records for the country, including three liverwort and seven moss taxa. Six of these records are also new to South America. In addition, KEY WORDS Trichostomum brachydontium Bruch is newly reported for continental Chile. Most species reported here Biodiversity, correspond to ephemeral taxa, mostly visible only during the wet winter months (June-September). Bryophyta, These results stress the need for further basic exploration of Chile bryophyte flora, and the urgent floristics, herbarium specimens, need to improve the cryptogamic collections in national herbaria. Acaulon uleanum Müll.Hal. and Marchantiophyta. Ephemerum argentinicum Schiavone & Sarmiento are excluded from the bryophyte flora of Chile. RÉSUMÉ Nouveaux signalements de bryophytes de la région méditerranéenne du Chili. Sur la base des travaux de terrain récents et d’examens portant sur des collections d’herbiers provenant de différentes regions à climat méditerranéen du Chili, nous rapportons dix nouveaux enregistrements de bryophytes pour le pays, dont trois taxa d’hépatiques et sept taxa de mousses. Six de ces enregistre- ments sont également nouveaux en Amérique du Sud. De plus, Trichostomum brachydontium Bruch est récemment signalé pour le Chili continental. La plupart des espèces signalées ici correspondent à MOTS CLÉS des taxons éphémères, généralement visibles uniquement pendant les mois humides de l’hiver (juin Biodiversité, à septembre). Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité de poursuivre l’exploration fondamentale de la Bryophyta, flore de bryophytes du Chili et le besoin urgent d’améliorer les collections cryptogamiques dans les floristique, spécimens d’herbier, herbiers nationaux. Acaulon uleanum Müll.Hal. et Ephemerum argentinicum Schiavone & Sarmiento Marchantiophyta. sont exclus de la flore de bryophytes du Chili. CRYPTOGAMIE, BRYOLOGIE • 2020 • 41 (11) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.cryptogamie.com/bryologie 131 Larraín J. et al. INTRODUCTION Valparaíso, O’Higgins, Maule, and Metropolitan Regions, an area spanning from c. 29.0°S to 36.5°S (Fig. 1). A very Chile is long and narrow country with a geographical position diverse arrangement of ecosystems can be found along this that allows the existence of a huge ecosystem diversity, mostly extensive area, including deserts in its northernmost part due to its ample latitudinal and altitudinal gradient, ranging which receive less than 100 mm of rainfall per year, to ever- from c. 17.5°S to 56.0°S, and from sea level to c. 6900 m a.s.l. green and deciduous forests in the southernmost part of the These include high Andean steppes and extremely dry deserts range which receive more than 1500 mm of rainfall per year in the north, dry shrublands (“matorral”), dry sclerophyllus (Hajek & di Castri 1975; Luebert & Pliscoff 2017), span- forests, and high Andean steppes in the central part of the ning an altitudinal range from the sea level to the peaks of country, to perhumid evergreen forests to the south, which the Andes Mountains exceeding 6000 m a.s.l. The rainfall alternates with deciduous forests, Patagonian steppes, tundra in this area concentrates during the late autumn and winter vegetation and peatlands (Gajardo 1994). months (May-August), whereas during the rest of the year it Historically, the bryophyte flora of the drier parts of Chile seldom rains. The most wet vegetation, rich in bryophytes, (north of 37°S), which includes the Andean Altiplano, the develops along the coast in areas where the fog coming from Atacama Desert, and the Mediterranean region, has received the ocean is stopped by the coastal mountains. In drier areas much less attention than the lush and abundant bryophyte of the interior, the bryophyte flora strongly depends in the flora of the humid southern forests Larraín( et al. 2019). In humidity available during the rainy season, with many taxa the last years, several bryologists have made important col- completely disappearing during the summer. lections in the central and northern parts of the country, increasing the number of specimens available to document the rich bryophyte flora of this region. Some of these collections RESULTS AND DISCUSSION include those of Manuel Mahú at MO, Robert Ireland and Gilda Bellolio’s at CONC, Frank Müller’s at DR, and those As a result of the study of these recently collected specimens, of the authors of this contribution (at CONC and MUB). and examination of herbarium collections from central Chile, However, the winter ephemeral bryophyte flora of central we report here ten new bryophyte records for Chile, six of Chile is still little known, due to their short life span, and to which are also new records for South America, and one new the few collections available made during the rainy season record for continental Chile bryophyte flora, for a species (Larraín et al. 2019). A few of these winter ephemerals have formerly known only from the Juan Fernández Is. within been recently reported as new for Chile (Larraín 2017; Lar- Chilean territory. These new records correspond to eight raín et al. 2017). mosses and three liverworts. For each species we provide The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of diagnostic morphological characters, morphological remarks the still little known bryophyte diversity of central Mediter- of the Chilean populations, ecological observations, and their ranean Chile, with an emphasis on ephemeral taxa. complete world distribution. Based on our ongoing studies, and including the additions here reported, the bryophyte flora of Mediterranean Chile (as MATERIAL AND METHODS here defined) would containc . 492 taxa, corresponding to 348 mosses, 138 liverworts, and six hornworts (unpublished Over the last four years (2016-2019), numerous bryophyte preliminary data). collecting
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