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The Case Study of the Spiteful Tots Community Terri Chih-Yin

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The Case Study of the Spiteful Tots Community Terri Chih-Yin CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by White Rose E-theses Online Enacting Privacy and Everydayness online: The case study of the Spiteful Tots community Terri Chih-yin He Mphil 2008 Abstract This thesis focuses on an online Taiwanese community named the Spiteful Tots. The long-term participants are mainly gay men, with several lesbian women, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) and heterosexual people. The community, whilst accessible by anyone via a registered screen ID name, operates like a private club. As a part of this community from its beginning in 2000, I am interested in the community in this particular location, not least because of my own affiliation with Taiwan, but because of the cultural specificity of Taiwan as non-Western and yet Westernised. My research methodology is based on approaches inspired by ethnography. I observe the dynamics, participate in the community, collect data, and visit online and offline sites to formulate ideas in relation to both the inside and outside of the community. I use knowledge and experience gained from my interaction with the Spiteful Tots participants and with the wider Taiwanese society. I locate the community within the culture of contemporary Taiwan, utilising and critiquing previous literature on the politics of sexuality, gender theories, and critical analyses of heteronormativity. My findings are: a) the Spiteful Tots participants carefully negotiate ways of maintaining privacy within the group, and do not ‘come out’ in recognised LGBT ways; b) the Spiteful Tots community focuses on discussion of mundane everyday life, rather than on sexual politics. My findings have the following implications: a) privacy and everydayness enables the Spiteful Tots participants to assert 'freedom from scrutiny and created a zone of "relative insularity"' (Cohen 2000); b) a rejection to heteronormativity is enabled by (re)asserting the right of privacy and validating everyday life as a gay or queer subject, and c) therefore, there needs to be consideration and recognition of gay or queer subjects’ right of privacy, as well as academic and political attention to the representation of sexual minorities’ everydayness. Keywords: everydayness, LGBT, online communities, privacy, Spiteful Tots, Taiwan ii List of Contents List of Figures, Illustrations and Tables ....................................................................v Author’s Declaration ..................................................................................................vi Chapter One | Enacting Privacy and Everydayness Online ....................................1 Spiteful Tots ..........................................................................................................5 Non-tongzhi? ................................................................................................7 Coming Out ........................................................................................................11 A Gender Imbalance?........................................................................................18 Key Inquiries ......................................................................................................22 Chapter Two | Taiwan in Context.............................................................................29 The Position of Taiwan ......................................................................................32 Ethnic Conflicts..........................................................................................35 International Status ...........................................................................................49 Sexualities ...........................................................................................................53 The Tongzhi Movement .............................................................................57 Tongzhi, Ku’er and Tongxinglian .............................................................65 Chapter Three | Literatures Review and Theoretical Formulation ......................73 The Problematics of Queer Visibility ...............................................................75 The Paradigm of the Closet.......................................................................81 Chinese Culture and Sexuality .........................................................................87 Norms and the Everyday...........................................................................90 Performativity and Naturalisation ...................................................................97 To Be or Not to Be an Activist.........................................................................101 Concluding remarks ........................................................................................107 Chapter Four | Methodologies and Methods.........................................................109 Researching an online community .................................................................110 Internet research ethics ...........................................................................112 The Spiteful Tots BBS site...............................................................................127 The researcher in the community...........................................................128 Situating the Spiteful Tots community...........................................................144 WWW and BBS........................................................................................146 Understanding the Spiteful Tots: Tools and Methods...................................167 Boundaries redrawn and redefined........................................................170 Everyday internet.....................................................................................180 The continuum of private and public.....................................................183 Gender and Sexuality ..............................................................................188 Concluding remarks ........................................................................................192 iii Chapter Five | Privacy and Visibility .....................................................................196 Why Privacy Matters.......................................................................................199 Privacy in the Spiteful Tots community.................................................208 What is online privacy?...........................................................................219 Where Visibility Comes into Play...................................................................237 Visibility, presence and display...............................................................244 Concluding remarks ........................................................................................274 Chapter Six | Textualised Records of Everyday Life ............................................278 The Everyday ...................................................................................................280 What kind of everyday? ..........................................................................280 Why everyday?.........................................................................................286 The theorisation of the everyday ............................................................288 Textuality about the everyday.................................................................293 Space and Place................................................................................................298 Black Box ..................................................................................................299 Qiaojia.......................................................................................................305 Banality .....................................................................................................313 What kind of resistance? .................................................................................315 Political correctness .................................................................................317 Everyday non-tongzhi..............................................................................322 Reloading the theoretical power of the everyday..........................................328 Chapter Seven | Research Limitation and Future Direction of the Research ....335 Limitation of Research ....................................................................................342 Directions for Future Research.......................................................................346 Appendix...................................................................................................................348 Bibliography .............................................................................................................370 iv List of Figures, Illustrations and Tables Chapter Two Table LGBT sites in contemporary Taiwan 59 Chapter Four Figure 1 adapted from Sveningsson, 2004: 56 119 Figure 2 reproduced from McKee and Porter, 2008: 732, based on their adaptation of Sveningsson 120 Figure 3 my addition of the numbered boxes, based on McKee and Porter’s adaptation of Sveningsson 121 Figure 4 photo taken from McKee and Porter 2009: 21 123 Figure 5 my addition of Spiteful Tots to Fig 4 129 Screenshot Image (i) PTT 153 Screenshot Image (ii) PTT sexuality boards 154 Screenshot image (iii) KKcity accessed via KKman Screenshot image (iv) The Main Menu of KKcity Table comparing and contrasting the Spiteful Tots community and PTT boards 156 Copied
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