DOCSLIB.ORG

Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Final Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

IPA 2008 - Preparation of Feasibility Study, Preliminary and Detailed Design of Vlora bypass and Preparation of Preliminary and Detailed Design for doubling of Milot – Rreshen road section Contract 2010/248-16 EuropeAid/129604/C/SER/AL ALBANIA EuropeAid/129604/C/SER/AL VLORA BYPASS Final Design Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Final Report Design Drawings Phase Section/ Bridge Type Free number A 1 5 E V 2 0 0 0 R 0 0 3 Revision Date Subject 0 16.01.2012 Initial Issue (Delivered to Contracting Authority ) 1 27.03.2012 Final Report Egis International 1 / 1 Released on 16.01.2012 Albania - Vlora Bypass Env / DG/DG/PMe Revised on: 27.03.201 v.1 ESIA –Final Report 2/182 EGIS Released on: 16.01.2012 Albania - Vlorë Bypass ENV/DG/DG/PM Revised on: 27.03.2012 v.1 ESIA - Final Report Acknowledgement This Environment and Social Impact Assessment has been prepared by Daniel Gauthier and a team of environmental experts of EGIS Environment and Albanian Environmental Sub-Consultants. ALBANIAN ENVIRONMENTAL SUB-CONSULTANTS Specialist Area of Study Consultant Local team leader, institutional and legal Andrian Vaso issues, environmental baseline issues and general support EIA expert, biodiversity, protected areas, Jak Gjini environmental sensitivity Social Expert, socio-economic issues Desdemona Stefa Philologist, cultural heritage issues Kujtim Jaho Environmental expert, data collection on Skerdilajd Anagnosti land use, land and water quality and general support 3/182 EGIS Released on: 16.01.2012 Albania - Vlorë Bypass ENV/DG/DG/PM Revised on: 27.03.2012 v.1 ESIA - Final Report 4/182 EGIS Released on: 16.01.2012 Albania - Vlorë Bypass ENV/DG/DG/PM Revised on: 27.03.2012 v.1 ESIA - Final Report 1. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY 1.1. BACKGROUND 1.1. PARATHENJE This is the Draft ESIA report for the Ky është raporti i Draftit ESIA për ndërtimin e construction of the Vlorë Bypass. Bypass-it të Vlorës. Vlorë is a strategically located city and port, Vlora është një qytet dhe port i vendosur në një situated 180 km south of Tirana that provides pozicion strategjik, i ndodhur 180 km në jug të access to other Mediterranean ports and Tiranës që ofron mundësi hyrjeje në portet dhe countries. It is one of the main entry points for shtetet e tjera të Mesdheut. Ajo është një nga tourists coming in ferries to visit regional pikat kryesore hyrëse për touristët që vijnë me amenities offered by the southern Albanian anije për të vizituar kënaqësitë që ofron bregdeti coast. Vlorë is also an important fishing port and jugor i Shqipërisë. Vlora është gjithashtu një port will also in the future accommodate new peshkimi dhe do të akomodojë në të ardhmen një strategic development such as power stations, zhvillim të ri strategjik si stacionet e energjisë, etc. etj. North of Vlorë, the national road network is Në veri të Vlorës, rrjeti i rrugës kombëtare është currently being developed with the construction në zhvillim e sipër me ndërtimin e dy linjave të of new dual two carriageway links. The closest dyfishta të transportimit. Pjesa më e afërt section between Levan and Vlorë is currently ndërmjet Levanit dhe Vlorës aktualisht është në under construction and will end close to the port ndërtim e sipër dhe do të përfundojë afër portit në in the northern part of the city. pjesën jugore të qytetit. On the south outskirt of Vlorë, the existing Në pjesën periferike të Vlorës, rruga bregdetare Coastal single lane route has been considerably ekzistuese njëkalimshme me një korsi është upgraded, thanks to the important infrastructure përmirësuar në mënyrë të konsiderueshme, falë spending of the last decade, not only to improve infrastrukturës së rëndësishme të investuar access to towns but also to contribute to the dekadat e fundit, jo vetëm për të përmirësuar emergence of tourism by providing better access hyrjen në qytete por gjithashtu edhe për të to beaches and coastal resorts. kontribuar në emergjencën e turizmit, duke ofruar akses më të mirë në plazhe dhe në resortet The legal framework for Environmental and bregdetare. Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) procedure in Albania is based on Law No. 8990 on Procedura e Sistemit ligjor për Vlerësimin e Environmental Impact Assessment approved on Ndikimit Mjedisor dhe Social në Shqipëri është e January 23, 2003, as amended by Law no.10050, bazuar në Ligjin nr. 8990 mbi Vlerësimin e Ndikimit dated 24.12.2008. A new law on Environmental të Mjedisit i miratuar më 23 janar 2003, i Impact Assessment is now being studied by the rregulluar nga Ligji nr. 10050, datë 24.12.2008. Një government of Albania. A draft of this law has ligj i ri mbi Vlerësimin e Ndikimit të Mjedisit është been released on June 25th 2010. This law is not tani në studim e sipër nga qeveria shqiptare. Një yet entered into force. draft i këtij ligji është kaluar më 25 qershor 2010. Ky ligj nuk ka hyrë ende në fuqi. However, because the Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications has requested the Megjithatë, për shkak se Ministria e Punëve European Bank for Reconstruction and Publike, Transportit dhe Telekomunikacionit i ka Development (“EBRD”) to participate in the kërkuar Bankës Europiane për Rikontruktim dhe funding of the Project, the ESIA has also been Zhvillim (“BERZH”) që të jetë pjesëmarrëse në structured to meet EBRD’s specific financimin e Projektit, ESIA është strukturuar requirements for an ESIA. gjithashtu për të plotësuar kërkesat specifike për një ESIA. 1.2. TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT 1.2. ASPEKTE TEKNIKE TE SKEMES Vlorë Bypass comprises a 29.0 kilometres route Bypass-i i Vlorës përshin një rrugë prej 29,0 km të that will be classified, according to Albanian gjatë e cila do të klasifikohet, sipas Manualit të 5/182 EGIS Released on: 16.01.2012 Albania - Vlorë Bypass ENV/DG/DG/PM Revised on: 27.03.2012 v.1 ESIA - Final Report Road Design Manual (ARDM), as a secondary road Dizenjuar për Rrugët në Shqipëri (ARDM) , si një with a single carriageway. rrugë dytësore me një korsi kalimi. Km 0 is located where a roundabout will be built Km 0 është vendosur aty ku do të ndërtohet një at the end of the Levan to Vlorë Carriageway. rrugë e tërthortë në fund të autostradës Levan For the first 800 m, the alignment will first Vlorë. Për 800 m e parë, rreshtimi do të ndjekë në follow a small valley, and will pass close to fillim një luginë të vogël, dhe do të kalojë afër 20 approximately 20 houses. Then for 2,2 km, it will shtëpive të vlerësuara. Në vazhdim për 2,2 km, ajo climb up a hill covered with olive groves. On the do të ngjitet mbi një kodër të mbuluar me pemishte top of the hill, it will pass close to a single ulliri. Në majë të kodrës, ajo do të kalojë pranë një house, a water reservoir and a cemetery. Until shtëpie të vetme, një rezervuari dhe një varreze. the Babica e Madhe roundabout at km 7+150, the Deri tek rruga e tërthortë Babica e Madhe në km Project will go trough an agricultural plain. 7+150, Projekti do të përshkojë një fushë bujqësore. Then for 350 m the alignment follows an existing Në vazhdim, për 350 m rreshtimi ndjek një rrugë agricultural dirt road where two houses are bujqësore me baltë ku janë të vendosura dy shtëpi. located. At km 7+500, the alignment starts to Në km 7+500, rreshtimi fillon me ngjitjen në kodër climb up hills covered with olive trees all the të mbuluar me pemishte ulliri përgjatë gjithë rrugës way to the junction with the existing road to në kryqëzimin me rrugën ekzistuese në Kaninë në km Kaninë at km 10+070. 10+070. From this point the Bypass will offer to the Nga kjo pikë Bypasi do t’i ofrojë automobilistit motorist spectacular views toward the bay of pamje spektakolare përgjatë gjirit të Vlorës. Projekti Vlorë. The Project is positioned on the slopes shmang qendrën e fshatit duke qënë se është i below the village, avoiding the centre of the planifikuar në shpatet poshtë fshatit. Disa prerje do village. Some cut will be more then 10 m high. të jenë më shumë se 10 m të larta. After Kaninë, the road starts to climb again, on Pas Kaninës, rrugët fillojnë të ngjiten përsëri, në mountains covered with low Mediterranean male të mbuluara nga bimësia mesdhetare, deri sa vegetation, until it reaches it summit close to a të arrijë majën e tij afër urës së ndodhur në 513 m bridge situated at 513 m above sea level at km mbi lartësinë e detit në km 16+000. Duke ecur më 16+000. Going down, the Project encounters poshtë, Projekti ndeshet me peisazhe kullote dhe pastureland and younger olive groves. In the rrënjë më të reja ulliri. Në fushën e Orikumit, valley of Dukati, the Project goes trough Projekti kryqëzohet me toka bujqësore dhe dy agricultural lands and two small rivers. lumenj të vegjël. The Vlorë Bypass is planned to be in operation in Bypass-i i Vlorës është planifikuar të vihet në zbatim 2014. në 2004. The economic justification is based on savings in Justifikimi ekonomik është bazuar duke kursyer travel time, vehicle operating costs, accidents kohën e udhëtimit, kostot operative të makinave, and coherent urban development. aksidentet dhe zhvillimin aktual urban. 1.3. ALTERNATIVE OPTION CONSIDERED 1.3. GJENDJA EKZISTUESE E MJEDISIT In the Preliminary design Study, 3 alternatives were considered. Two peripheral options and one 1.3.1. TRASHEGIMIA option following an existing street situated in ARKEOLOGJIKE DHE KULTURORE Vlorë city center. (See figure 3.1) Zona në studim karakterizohet nga prezenca e Alternative A is the longest of the three qyteteve antike, fshatrave të vjetra në majë të alternatives.
Recommended publications
  • Counter-Terrorism 1 Counter-Terrorism

    Counter-Terrorism 1 Counter-Terrorism

    Counter-terrorism 1 Counter-terrorism WARNING: Article could not be rendered - ouputting plain text. Potential causes of the problem are: (a) a bug in the pdf-writer software (b) problematic Mediawiki markup (c) table is too wide United States Coast GuardCoast Guard on counter-terrorism patrol in Upper New York Bay. Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in distance spanning The Narrows between Brooklyn (left) and Staten Island (right).TerrorismDefinitions of terrorismDefinitionsHistory of terrorismHistoryList of terrorist incidentsIncidents Counter-terrorism (also spelled counterterrorism) incorporates the practices, Military tacticstactics, techniques, and strategies that governments, militarymilitaries, police departments and corporations adopt to attack terrorist threats and/or acts, both real and imputed.The tactic of terrorism is available to insurgencyinsurgents and governments. Not all insurgents use Fearterror as a tactic, and some choose not to use it because other tactics work better for them in a particular context. Individuals, such as Timothy McVeigh, may also engage in terrorist acts such as the Oklahoma City bombing. If the terrorism is part of a broader insurgency, counter-terrorism may also form a part of a counter-insurgency doctrine, but political, economic, and other measures may focus more on the insurgency than the specific acts of terror. Foreign internal defense (FID) is a term used for programs either to suppress insurgency, or reduce the conditions under which insurgency could develop. Counter-terrorism includes both the detection of potential acts and the response to related events. PlanningUnited States Customs and Border Protection officers, fully armed and armored for a counter-terrorism operationMost counter-terrorism strategies involve an increase in standard police and domestic intelligence.
  • Security, Public Health, Engineering Skills Top Federal Government's

    Security, Public Health, Engineering Skills Top Federal Government's

    INSIDE: AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION VOL. 28 NO. 3 MARCH 2005 PA TIMES SPECIAL SECTION STATE AND LOCAL ROLES IN HOMELAND SECURITY PA TIMES National Threat–Local Response: Building Local Disaster Capacity 28 Years • 1977-2005 A Powerful Voice for Public Service . with Mutual Aid Agreements 3 Local government has an obligation to aggressively pursue collaborative Security, Public Health, Engineering Skills relationships and state governments have a duty to create an environ- ment where such relationships can flourish, if the public is to be protected to the greatest extent Top Federal Government’s “Wanted” List possible. –Thomas Poulin Resources for Acquiring the Skills Needed for New State and Local Washington, DC–The federal government is • Public Health (physicians, nurses, pharma- guide to date for job seekers interested in Roles in Homeland Security 4 hiring, and if your background is in security cists, medical technicians)–25,756 new federal service; listing the professional fields or law enforcement, you’re at the top of hires expected in the next two years and the number of positions likely to be filled What do you do if you are assigned at 24 major agencies representing 95 percent new responsibilities in the area of Uncle Sam’s wish list. • Engineering/Sciences (physicists, of the federal government. homeland security and you lack the These are the findings of a new study chemists, biologists, botanists, veterinari- background needed to carry out your ans)–23,806 new hires expected “The federal government is in triple new responsibilities? –Paula Gordon released by the Partnership for Public Service and the National Academy of Public jeopardy,” said Max Stier, president and Emergency Preparedness Brings • Program Management/Administrative Administration and made possible by a CEO of the Partnership for Public Service.
  • Investigation Report ALBANIA

    Investigation Report ALBANIA

    Report No. 49504-AL Investigation Report ALBANIA: Power Sector Generation and Restructuring Project (IDA Credit No. 3872-ALB) August 7, 2009 About the Panel The Inspection Panel was created in September 1993 by the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank to serve as an independent mechanism to ensure accountability in Bank operations with respect to its policies and procedures. The Inspection Panel is an instrument for groups of two or more private citizens who believe that they or their interests have been or could be harmed by Bank-financed activities to present their concerns through a Request for Inspection. In short, the Panel provides a link between the Bank and the people who are likely to be affected by the projects it finances. Members of the Panel are selected “on the basis of their ability to deal thoroughly and fairly with the request brought to them, their integrity and their independence from the Bank’s Management, and their exposure to developmental issues and to living conditions in developing countries.”1 The three-member Panel is empowered, subject to Board approval, to investigate problems that are alleged to have arisen as a result of the Bank having non complied its own operating policies and procedures. Processing Requests After the Panel receives a Request for Inspection it is processed as follows: The Panel decides whether the Request is prima facie not barred from Panel consideration. The Panel registers the Request—a purely administrative procedure. The Panel sends the Request to Bank Management, which has 21 working days to respond to the allegations of the Requesters.
  • Aquamarine 2015 (.Pdf | 1.18

    Aquamarine 2015 (.Pdf | 1.18

    ISSN 1849-6172 Annual Magazine of the Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation Dear friends! Another successful year is behind us, In addition to the dolphins, our researchers also which was confirmed by an award that Blue World had many encounters with sea turtles - the 2015 Institute recently received. At the ceremony of loggerhead turtles. In the Turtle Rescue Centre the Annual Awards of Croatian tourism, as part one turtle named Viktorija was held for recovery. of the “Days of Croatian Tourism” in Poreč, Blue It was found close to the island of the Unije by qu e World Institute won the award in the category tourists. Volume: 15 Issue: 1 of sustainable tourism for concern of the environment. On the 1st of July we celebrated 23rd Dolphin Day that was filled with various art and educational This summer we started with organised dolphin- workshops, our well-known “Treasure Hunt” watching tours, where everybody who is game and a photo-contest “Sense the Sea”. interested can go and search for dolphins with an experienced skipper. These trips focus on During the year we had a lot of reported cases learning about the dolphins and their environment, of dolphin entanglement in fishing gear. These as well as conserving their habitat and behaving cases point to the fact that dolphins in coastal respectful towards them as living beings. waters are increasingly getting hurt due to such fishing tools. Due to the large interest of children we introduced two educational programmes in cooperation with Unfortunately, we also had a case where a mother Bioteka from Zagreb - “Little Marine School” lost its new-born baby.
  • Movement for the Renaissance of Northern Epirus

    Movement for the Renaissance of Northern Epirus

    MOVEMENT FOR THE RENAISSANCE OF NORTHERN EPIRUS OSCE HUMAN DIMENSION IMPLEMENTATION MEETING 16 September - 27 September 2019 Warsaw – Poland Working session 10: Rule of law I, including: – Independence of the judiciary – Democratic law-making – Ensuring equal enjoyment of rights and equal participation in political and public life Contact Persons: Dimitrios Perdikis [email protected] [email protected] On April 28, 2019, six months had passed since the murder of Constantinos Katsifas in the Greek minority village of Vouliarates, Argyrokastro by the Albanian Police Special Forces Unit “Renea”. On that day the extension of the deadline for the Albanian authorities to provide the findings regarding the death of the 35-year-old Greek, according to the Albanian law, expired. It is now close to a year since the Albanian police killed a member of the National Greek Minority who only wanted to exercise his rights in his ancestral land, but unfortunately no official report has been issued by Albanian justice, thus refusing to shed light on the case. Why? We will also never forget the murder of Aristotelis Goumas on August 12, 2010 in Himara by Albanian nationalists, because the victim wanted to speak his mother tongue, Greek, in his home country. The Albanian justice has released the accomplices of the murder on restricted terms, while the driver of the car that repeatedly run over the body of Aristotelis Goumas was sentenced to just 12 years in prison, but did not spend one day in prison. It is also noteworthy that the victim's family was not called on to court and was not formally informed of the decision.
  • EUI Working Papers

    EUI Working Papers

    DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION EUI Working Papers HEC 2010/02 DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION Moving Elites: Women and Cultural Transfers in the European Court System Proceedings of an International Workshop (Florence, 12-13 December 2008) Giulia Calvi and Isabelle Chabot (eds) EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE , FLORENCE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION Moving Elites: Women and Cultural Transfers in the European Court System Proceedings of an International Workshop (Florence, 12-13 December 2008) Edited by Giulia Calvi and Isabelle Chabot EUI W orking Paper HEC 2010/02 This text may be downloaded for personal research purposes only. Any additional reproduction for other purposes, whether in hard copy or electronically, requires the consent of the author(s), editor(s). If cited or quoted, reference should be made to the full name of the author(s), editor(s), the title, the working paper or other series, the year, and the publisher. ISSN 1725-6720 © 2010 Giulia Calvi and Isabelle Chabot (eds) Printed in Italy European University Institute Badia Fiesolana I – 50014 San Domenico di Fiesole (FI) Italy www.eui.eu cadmus.eui.eu Abstract The overall evaluation of the formation of political decision-making processes in the early modern period is being transformed by enriching our understanding of political language. This broader picture of court politics and diplomatic networks – which also relied on familial and kin ties – provides a way of studying the political role of women in early modern Europe. This role has to be studied taking into account the overlapping of familial and political concerns, where the intersection of women as mediators and coordinators of extended networks is a central feature of European societies.
  • Albania: Average Precipitation for December

    Albania: Average Precipitation for December

    MA016_A1 Kelmend Margegaj Topojë Shkrel TRO PO JË S Shalë Bujan Bajram Curri Llugaj MA LËSI Lekbibaj Kastrat E MA DH E KU KË S Bytyç Fierzë Golaj Pult Koplik Qendër Fierzë Shosh S HK O D Ë R HAS Krumë Inland Gruemirë Water SHK OD RË S Iballë Body Postribë Blerim Temal Fajza PUK ËS Gjinaj Shllak Rrethina Terthorë Qelëz Malzi Fushë Arrëz Shkodër KUK ËSI T Gur i Zi Kukës Rrapë Kolsh Shkodër Qerret Qafë Mali ´ Ana e Vau i Dejës Shtiqen Zapod Pukë Malit Berdicë Surroj Shtiqen 20°E 21°E Created 16 Dec 2019 / UTC+01:00 A1 Map shows the average precipitation for December in Albania. Map Document MA016_Alb_Ave_Precip_Dec Settlements Borders Projection & WGS 1984 UTM Zone 34N B1 CAPITAL INTERNATIONAL Datum City COUNTIES Tiranë C1 MUNICIPALITIES Albania: Average Produced by MapAction ADMIN 3 mapaction.org Precipitation for D1 0 2 4 6 8 10 [email protected] Precipitation (mm) December kilometres Supported by Supported by the German Federal E1 Foreign Office. - Sheet A1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Data sources 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 The depiction and use of boundaries, names and - - - - - - - - - - - - - F1 .1 .1 .1 GADM, SRTM, OpenStreetMap, WorldClim 0 0 0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 associated data shown here do not imply 6 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 endorsement or acceptance by MapAction.
  • International Union for Conservation of Nature

    International Union for Conservation of Nature

    INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA REGIONAL OFFICE ANNUAL REPORT 2019 Mutnovsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia © IUCN/Boris Erg CONTENTS 2 Message from the Director 3 IUCN at a glance 5 Strategic orientation 6 IUCN ECARO Members 8 IUCN Commissions in Eastern Europe and Central Asia 9 Regional Councillors 9 Regional Conservation Forum 2019 10 Programme work and main achievements 10 Valuing and conserving nature 15 Governance of nature’s use 18 Deploying Nature-based Solutions 20 Our team 21 Publications and other outputs 24 Promotional materials 25 Events and awareness campaigns 27 Strategic partnerships 27 Regional financial summary 2019 MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR This year marked the 15th anniversary since the establishment of the IUCN office in Belgrade in 2004. We have come a long way ever since. From a small team operating a modest portfolio of activities in South-East Europe to a dedicated international team managing a diverse regional programme across Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The path has been challenging and winding, and we have managed to travel this far by working closely with our Members and Commissions, who have greatly helped us raise the profile of IUCN in the region, build successful partnerships and open new thematic chapters Boris Erg, Director of the IUCN Regional Office in our work. By working together, we have successfully for Eastern Europe and Central Asia contributed to policy development and institutional strengthening, priority setting and resource mobilisation for conservation action in the region, and we have also invested in knowledge generation, capacity building, and community engagement.
  • Struggles Against Dams and River Diversions in Northwestern Greece

    Struggles Against Dams and River Diversions in Northwestern Greece

    Struggles against dams and river diversions in Northwestern Greece (Sarajevo, 27-29/9/2018) Ioannis Papadimitriou Ioannina Ecological Organizations Net As one greek poet wrote “The rivers are the mailmen of the mountains”. So, in the beginning was Pindos mountain chain, which runs through continental Greece and shapes a climatic border between the more rainy western Greece and the rest of the country. Here are the springs of the longest greek rivers, flowing either to the east or to the west. 3 struggles against big dams or river diversions are the most interesting in the area, the first victorious in the past, the second continuing for many decades and the third necessary in the future. I shall describe in brief 2 of them, concerning Arachthos and Aoos rivers in Epirus Region and also Epirus Water Department (for Acheloos case, east of Pindos, there is another presentation). 1. Arachtos It originates in Pindos and flows to the south into Amvrakikos Golf. Since early 80’s there is the Pournari big dam in operation in its lower flow. The initial plans of the State Electrician Company was the transformation of Middle Arachthos in a system of successive hydroelectric dams. That’s why the water from Aoos springs dam was diverted to Arachthos after its use. The construction of the first planned, Agios Nikolaos dam, in the mountainous Tzoumerka area was announced in the mid-90’s, causing an 11 years struggle by local NGOs and societies, initially against the State Electrician Company and then against a private company. Finally the dam construction was cancelled by the Supreme Administrative Court (Decision 3858/2007 by Council of State).
  • The War of Shkodra in the Framework of the Balkan Wars, 1912-1913

    The War of Shkodra in the Framework of the Balkan Wars, 1912-1913

    E-ISSN 2240-0524 Journal of Educational and Social Research Vol 11 No 1 ISSN 2239-978X www.richtmann.org January 2021 . Research Article © 2021 Edit Bregu and Irvin Faniko. This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Received: 7 September 2020 / Accepted: 13 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021 The War of Shkodra in the Framework of the Balkan Wars, 1912-1913 Dr. Edit Bregu Vice Dean/Lecturer, Law Faculty, Wisdom University College, Rruga Medar Shtylla, Komuna e Parisit, Tirana 1000, Albania Dr. Irvin Faniko Lecturer, Wisdom University College, Rruga Medar Shtylla, Komuna e Parisit, Tirana 1000, Albania DOI: https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0013 Abstract Before starting the First Balkan War, the Great Powers were not prepared for a quick victory of the young Balkan allies against an old empire, as it was until 1912 the Great Ottoman Empire. At the Ambassadors Conference in London, Austro-Hungary argued that the involvement of Shkodra City was essential to the economy of the new Albanian state. Meanwhile Russia did not open the way for solving the Shkodra problem, Russian diplomats thought how to satisfy Serbia's ambitions in Northeast Albania, respectively in Kosovo Beyond those considerations of a political character, on 8 October 1912, was the youngest member of the Balkan Alliance, the Shkodra northern neighbor, Montenegro, that rushed to launch military actions, thus opening the first campaign of the First Balkan War. The Montenegrin military assault, as its main strategic objective in this war, was precisely the occupation and annexation of the historic city of Shkodra, a city with a big economic and cultural importance for the Albanian people and territory.
  • A Journey of the Vocal Iso(N)

    A Journey of the Vocal Iso(N)

    A Journey of the Vocal Iso(n) A Journey of the Vocal Iso(n) By Eno Koço A Journey of the Vocal Iso(n) By Eno Koço This book first published 2015 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2015 by Eno Koço All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-7067-6 ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-7067-2 This book is dedicated to the memory of my mother, Albanian soprano Tefta Tashko Koço (1910–1947), who has been a mentor, an inspiration, and a guardian angel throughout my whole life and to whom I shall be eternally grateful TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Music Examples: Notation and Audio ........................................... ix List of Illustrations .................................................................................... xi Preface ..................................................................................................... xiii Acknowledgements ................................................................................ xvii Introduction ............................................................................................. xix Part I: Synthesis Chapter One ................................................................................................
  • Fishes of the River Vjosa – an Annotated Checklist

    Fishes of the River Vjosa – an Annotated Checklist

    © Zool.-Bot. Ges. Österreich, Austria; download unter www.zobodat.at Acta ZooBot Austria 155, 2018, 163–176 Fishes of the River Vjosa – an annotated Checklist Spase Shumka, Paul Meulenbroek, Fritz Schiemer & Radek Šanda Based on a combination of intensive fieldwork for a period of thirteen years (2004– 2017), literature review and review of museum specimens, we hereby provide an up- dated checklist of the fishes of Albanian part of River Vjosa. Our results show that there are at least 31 species of fishes inhabiting the river system, of which 27 are native, including eight species endemic to the Balkans. With 11 species, Cyprinidae are by far the most specious family, followed by Mugilidae (five). Salmonidae and Acipenseridae are represented by 2 species each. The remaining ten families are represented by a single species. At least four species (Pseudorasbora parva, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Carassius sp., Gambusia holbrooki) were introduced into the Vjosa basin. The provided list includes the distribution of each species in River Vjosa, as well as annotations referring to in- troductions, taxonomic-and their conservation status. SHUMKA S., MEULENBROEK P., SCHIEMER F. & ŠANDA R., 2018: Die Fische des Vjosa Fluss-Systemes – eine kommentierte Checkliste. Die vorliegende Checkliste der Fische der Vjosa basiert auf Felduntersuchungen über eine Periode von 13 Jahren (2004-2017), einer kritischen Literaturanalyse und dem Studium von Belegmaterial in Museen. 31 Arten konnten für die Vjosa belegt werden. Von den 27 autochthonen Arten sind 8 Arten endemisch für den Balkan. Cyprinidae sind mit 11 Arten die umfangreichste Gruppe, gefolgt von Mugilidae (5 Arten), sowie Salmonidae und Acipenseridae mit jeweils 2 Arten.