Windows 95/98 Installation & Setup
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Older Operating Systems (962-038)
Instructions: This is an open book pretest. Answer all questions. There are three sections. There are a total of five question pages. The time limit is two hours. Section one: Select only one answer for each multiple-choice question. Each question is worth 2 marks. Q1. Determine which of the following is true concerning DOS filters a. A DOS filter is used to modify information as it passes from EBCDIC text files to the screen. False because it for ASCII not EBCDIC b. The sort command is replaced using the command (dir /w) False because to sort you must use Dir /O:order ex. Dir/O:n c. The command (find /C “supervisor” memo1.txt memo2.txt) is an invalid command. False because it’s a valid command d. The command (type readme.doc | more) produces the same output as (more < readme.doc) True Q2. Determine which of the following is true concerning the tree command a. To indicate branching of directories, the tree command only uses the line characters. False because there are lines b. The deltree command is an enhanced version of the tree command. False, deltree erases a directory, tree shows structure. c. We can use the tree command with redirection symbols. True d. The tree command is an internal DOS command. False, it’s external. Internal means it exists in command.com. Tree.exe is external. Q3. Determine which of the following statement is true concerning variables. a. DOS includes built-in variables and therefore do not allow user defined variables. False – you can define your own variable. -
Onetouch 4.0 Scanned Documents
· MUL TICS SYSTEM-PROGRAMMERS' MANUAL SECTION BY.2.03 PAGE 1 Publishe¢: 04/03/67 Identification Delete a subtree of the file system hierarchy. del tree E. Q. Bjorkman+· ,. Purpose I \. Deltree is the procedure used by the delete command (BX.8.07)· to delete an entry which points to a non-empty directory. In order to delete svch an entry delete calls deltree to delete the subtree beneath the entry. The method used in deltree can be easily adapted for other tasks which are repeated at all nodes of some tree structure in the file system. Usaoe call deltree (path, failsw); path is the path name of a directory. Fails\-J is.a 1-bit switch indicating on return that some entry of path could not be deleted. Oeltree starts deleting entries of the tree structure beneath ,path at the end nodes (i.e., directories_ that have no directories inferior to them). Deltree reaches these end nodes by constructing a path name of a directory · . immediately inferior to path and then calling itself recursively with that path name until the end'nbdes are r~ached~ Whendeltree has deleted all the entries in an end-node directory which it can delete~ it returns to its caller. )me lementat ion ca 11 .de ltree (path, fail sw); del path char(')'<), f,:lf lsw bit (1); De 1 tree first obtai i'IS the current. ca landar clock time using the PL/I built-in abnormal function ''c1ock_11 .' This time is used later to determine whether entries were added to the directory ~th after deltree started its I.Mork. -
Free up Hundreds of Megs of Disk Space!
Free Up Hundreds Of Megs Of Disk Space! Here's an example of a very simple annotated batch file: This particular file can free up literally *hundreds of megabytes* of extra space on your hard drive by scrubbing away junk and unwanted files that Windows leaves behind (even if you use Windows' "Disk Cleanup Wizard"). I run a file like this every night. There are two ways to get the file on your machine. I'll tell you how you can download it, for free, in a moment, but please read through the following text so you'll be sure you understand what the file does. Better still, manually copy the file, because then you'll have 100%, total control over everything the file does. It's easy! Here's how: Copy and paste the following lines into Notepad, and then save the file; name it something like "CLEANUP.BAT." (Make sure you're naming it ".bat" and not ".txt"). It can reside anywhere, and uses only files and commands that are normally part of a standard Windows installation. @rem The first group of lines clears the screen and displays program information @cls @echo Fred Langa's Cleanup.Bat, a Win9x hard-disk cleanup tool. @echo --------------------------------------------------------- @echo Copyright (c) 2000 Langa Consulting @echo http://www.langa.com @echo --------------------------------------------------------- @echo Use Notepad to view file contents before running! @echo Please also see http://www.langa.com/cleanup_bat.htm @echo for precaution/usage info and for newer versions. @echo ----------- @rem This file is offered as-is and without warranty of any kind. -
Learning Objectives ECHO Commands. Command. 10. Explain
. SA Learning Objectives After completing this chapter you will be able to: 1. List commands used in batch files. 2. List and explain batch file rules. 3. Use a batch file with a shortcut. 3. Explore the function of the REM, 4. Use the SHIFT command to move param- ECHO commands. eters. 4. Explain the use of batch files with shortcuts. 5. Use the IF command with strings for condi- 5. Explain the purpose and function of the tional processing. GOTO command. 6. Test for null values in a batch file. 6. Explain the purpose and function of the 7. Use the IF EXIST /IF SHIFT command. test for the existence of a file or a 7. Explain the purpose and function of the IF subdirectory. command. 8. Use the SET command. 8. Explain the purpose and function of the IF 9. Use the environment and environmental EXIST /IF variables in batch files. 9. Explain the purpose and function of the IF 10. Use the IF ERRORLEVEL command ERRORLEVEL command. XCOpy to write a batch file for testing exit 10. Explain the purpose and function of writing codes. programs. 11. Use the FOR...IN...OO command for repeti- 11. Explain the purpose and function of the tive processing. environment and environmental variables. 12. Use the CALL command in a batch file. 12. Explain the use of the SET command. 13. Explain the purpose and function of the Chapter Overview FOR...IN...OO command. You learned in Chapter 10 how to write simple 14. Explain the purpose and function of the batch files and use replaceable parameters. -
[D:]Path[...] Data Files
Command Syntax Comments APPEND APPEND ; Displays or sets the search path for APPEND [d:]path[;][d:]path[...] data files. DOS will search the specified APPEND [/X:on|off][/path:on|off] [/E] path(s) if the file is not found in the current path. ASSIGN ASSIGN x=y [...] /sta Redirects disk drive requests to a different drive. ATTRIB ATTRIB [d:][path]filename [/S] Sets or displays the read-only, archive, ATTRIB [+R|-R] [+A|-A] [+S|-S] [+H|-H] [d:][path]filename [/S] system, and hidden attributes of a file or directory. BACKUP BACKUP d:[path][filename] d:[/S][/M][/A][/F:(size)] [/P][/D:date] [/T:time] Makes a backup copy of one or more [/L:[path]filename] files. (In DOS Version 6, this program is stored on the DOS supplemental disk.) BREAK BREAK =on|off Used from the DOS prompt or in a batch file or in the CONFIG.SYS file to set (or display) whether or not DOS should check for a Ctrl + Break key combination. BUFFERS BUFFERS=(number),(read-ahead number) Used in the CONFIG.SYS file to set the number of disk buffers (number) that will be available for use during data input. Also used to set a value for the number of sectors to be read in advance (read-ahead) during data input operations. CALL CALL [d:][path]batchfilename [options] Calls another batch file and then returns to current batch file to continue. CHCP CHCP (codepage) Displays the current code page or changes the code page that DOS will use. CHDIR CHDIR (CD) [d:]path Displays working (current) directory CHDIR (CD)[..] and/or changes to a different directory. -
List of MS-DOS Commands - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Page 1 of 25
List of MS-DOS commands - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 1 of 25 List of MS-DOS commands From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the personal computer operating systems MS -DOS and PC DOS, a number of standard system commands were provided for common Contents tasks such as listing files on a disk or moving files. Some commands were built-in to the command interpreter, others existed as transient ■ 1 Resident and transient commands commands loaded into memory when required. ■ 2 Command line arguments Over the several generations of MS-DOS, ■ 3 Windows command prompt commands were added for the additional ■ 4 Commands functions of the operating system. In the current ■ 4.1 @ Microsoft Windows operating system a text- ■ 4.2 : mode command prompt window can still be ■ 4.3 ; used. Some DOS commands carry out functions ■ 4.4 /* equivalent to those in a UNIX system but ■ 4.5 ( ) always with differences in details of the ■ 4.6 append function. ■ 4.7 assign ■ 4.8 attrib ■ 4.9 backup and restore Resident and transient ■ 4.10 BASIC and BASICA commands ■ 4.11 call ■ 4.12 cd or chdir ■ 4.13 chcp The command interpreter for MS-DOS runs ■ 4.14 chkdsk when no application programs are running. ■ 4.15 choice When an application exits, if the command ■ 4.16 cls interpreter in memory was overwritten, MS- ■ 4.17 copy DOS will re-load it from disk. The command ■ 4.18 ctty interpreter is usually stored in a file called ■ 4.19 defrag "COMMAND.COM". Some commands are ■ 4.20 del or erase internal and built-into COMMAND.COM, ■ 4.21 deltree others are stored on disk in the same way as ■ 4.22 dir application programs. -
Natural Shell: an Assistant for End-User Scripting
International Journal of People-Oriented Programming Volume 5 • Issue 1 • January-June 2016 Natural Shell: An Assistant for End-User Scripting Xiao Liu, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA Yufei Jiang, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA Lawrence Wu, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA Dinghao Wu, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA ABSTRACT Scripting is a widely-used way to automate the execution of tasks. Despite the popularity of scripting, it remains difficult to use for both beginners and experts: because of the cryptic commands for the first group, and incompatible syntaxes across different systems, for the latter group. The authors introduce Natural Shell, an assistant for enabling end-users to generate commands and scripts for various purposes. Natural Shell automatically synthesizes scripts for different shell systems based on natural language descriptions. By interacting with Natural Shell, new users can learn the basics of scripting languages without the obstacles from the incomprehensible syntaxes. On the other hand, the authors’ tool frees more advanced users from manuals when they switch shell systems. The authors have developed a prototype system and demonstrate its effectiveness with a benchmark of 50 examples of popular shell commands collected from online forums. In addition, the authors analyzed the usage of Natural Shell in a lab study that involves 10 participants with different scripting skill levels. Natural Shell effectively assists the users to generate commands in assigned syntaxes and greatly streamlines their learning and using experience. -
How Do I Clear Partitions Using the Debug Script? WARNING
How do I clear partitions using the Debug script? WARNING - DELETING PARTITIONS WILL ALSO DELETE EVERYTHING ON YOUR COMPUTER, THAT MEANS EVERYTHING. PROGRAMS, DOCUMENTS, PICTURES, LETTERS, EMAIL, EVERYTHING. Make sure you have backup media before you continue like a Windows cd, driver cd, programs, and backup your data first*** If you have data on the drive and you can't stand to loose it (and your sure you don't have a virus) you may want to deltree the drive or delete the registry and reinstall. Here is the script: Boot to a Windows boot disk and use the following script. If debug can't be found on the Windows boot disk you may have to extract it. The computer will generate the text in red and you will type the text in white, where it says (ENTER) just hit the Enter key don't type the word. After the computer restarts you will need to run FDISK to repartition the hard drive then format and reinstall Windows. At A:> type ….. debug (ENTER) -F 220 L1000 0 (ENTER) -A CS:100 (ENTER) xxxx:0100 MOV AX,301 (ENTER) xxxx:0103 MOV BX,200 (ENTER) xxxx:0106 MOV CX,1 (ENTER) xxxx:0109 MOV DX,80 (ENTER) <---"80" for hd1, "81" for hd2 > xxxx:010C INT 13 (ENTER) xxxx:010E INT 20 (ENTER) xxxx:0110 (ENTER) <-------BLANK LINE "VERY IMPORTANT" > -G (ENTER) Program terminated normally (CTRL)-(ALT)-(DEL) to reboot system CLEAR CMOS using Debug If you think you may have a virus that infects the BIOS you may also want to clear that as well, otherwise it could infect your hard drive after you install Windows. -
An A-Z Index of the Windows XP Command Line
An A-Z Index of the Windows XP command line ADDUSERS Add or list users to/from a CSV file ARP Address Resolution Protocol ASSOC Change file extension associations• ASSOCIAT One step file association AT Schedule a command to run at a later time ATTRIB Change file attributes b BOOTCFG Edit Windows boot settings BROWSTAT Get domain, browser and PDC info c CACLS Change file permissions CALL Call one batch program from another• CD Change Directory - move to a specific Folder• CHANGE Change Terminal Server Session properties CHKDSK Check Disk - check and repair disk problems CHKNTFS Check the NTFS file system CHOICE Accept keyboard input to a batch file CIPHER Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders CleanMgr Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin CLEARMEM Clear memory leaks CLIP Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard. CLS Clear the screen• CLUSTER Windows Clustering CMD Start a new CMD shell COLOR Change colors of the CMD window• COMP Compare the contents of two files or sets of files COMPACT Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition COMPRESS Compress individual files on an NTFS partition CON2PRT Connect or disconnect a Printer CONVERT Convert a FAT drive to NTFS. COPY Copy one or more files to another location• CSCcmd Client-side caching (Offline Files) CSVDE Import or Export Active Directory data d DATE Display or set the date• Dcomcnfg DCOM Configuration Utility DEFRAG Defragment hard drive DEL Delete one or more files• DELPROF Delete NT user profiles DELTREE Delete a folder and all subfolders DevCon Device Manager Command Line Utility -
MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System
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United States Department of Agriculture
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE This draft ecological site description is approved for field use and testing for a one year period beginning MM, YYYY. Additional information and comments on this site should be sent to the Utah State Range Management Specialist. STATE: Utah SITE TYPE: Rangeland ECOLOGICAL SITE NAME: Mountain Windswept Ridge (Low sagebrush) SITE NUMBER: 047CY476UT MLRA: 047C Original Site Description: Author: GWL, LLR Date: 04/22/1992 Revised Site Description: Author: Date: Approved by: Title: State Range Cons. Signed: Pat Shaver Date: Ecological Site Definition - A distinctive kind of land, with specific physical characteristics, which differs from other kinds of land in its ability to produce a distinctive kind and amount of vegetation, and in its response to management. A. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS (description narrative of this particular site) 1. SOILS Depth: 20-40 inches Surface Textures: Clay Loams to Stony Loams Surface Fragments(<=3” % cover, >3” % cover): 20-70% Subsurface Textures: Subsurface Fragments(<=3” % vol, >3” % vol): Geologic Parent Materials: Residuum, Colluvium and Alluvium from Limestone Moisture Regime: Temperature Regime: Runoff: Permeability(min-max): Drainage Class(min-max): Well Drained Water Erosion Hazard: Wind Erosion Hazard: Electrical Conductivity (EC in mmhos/cm): Sodium Adsorption Ration (SAR): Soil Reaction (1:1 water): Soil Reaction (0.1 M CaCl2): pH Range: Available Water Capacity (inches): 0.06-0.10 Major Soils Associated With This Site: Soil Survey Area: 047 Lap CNV-SiL, 8-25% Tridell CBX-L, 10-30% Tridell CBX-L, 30-60% Tridell STX-SL, 30-60% Deltree CBX-SCL, Dry, 4-30% Deltree CBX-SCL, Dry, 30-60% Shotnick Family CBX-L, 4-30% Additional information may be found in Section II of the Field Office Technical Guide. -
A-Z List of Windows CMD Commands — Also Included CMD Commands Commands PDF PDF
A-Z List Of Windows CMD Commands — Also Included CMD Com... https://techlog360.com/all-windows-cmd-commands/?preview_id=43... A-Z List Of Windows CMD Commands — Also Included CMD Commands Commands PDF PDF Sabarinath CMD Commands Function A addusers Used to add and list users in a CSV file admodcmd Used for bulk modifying contents in an active directory Address Resolution Protocol is used to map IP address to arp the hardware address assoc Used to change associations for file extensions associat One step file association at Run a command at a specific time atmadm Display connection info of the ATM adapter attrib Used to change file attributes B bcdboot Used to create and repair a system partition bcdedit Used to manage boot configuration data Used to manage the Background Intelligent Transfer bitsadmin Service bootcfg Used to edit boot configuration in Windows break Enable/Disable break capability (CTRL+C) in CMD C cacls Used to change permissions of files call Used one batch program to call another certreq Used to request a certificate from a certification authority certutil Manage Certification Authority files and services cd Used to change folder (directory) or go to a specific one change Used to change terminal services chcp Displays the number of active console code page chdir Same as cd command chkdsk Used to check and repair issues in the disk chkntfs Used to check the NTFS file system choice Accept user input (via keyboard) to a batch file cipher Used to encrypt/decrypt files and folder cleanmgr Used clean temp files and recycle