Watershed Plan for the East Fork of the Dolores River in Dolores County
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FINAL Watershed Plan for the East Fork of the Dolores River in Dolores County Prepared for: The Town of Rico August 17, 2006 Prepared by: Grayling Environmental 18050 Rd G Cortez, Colorado 81321 (970) 565-0278 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section No. Page No. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 General 1 1.2 Project Background 2 1.2.1 Section 208 – Clean Water Act 3 1.2.2 Section 319 – Clean Water Act 4 1.3 An Overview of Watershed Planning 4 1.3.1 The Planning Process 4 1.3.2 The Hydrologic Cycle 6 1.3.3 The Water Balance 8 1.3.4 Water Quality Issues 11 1.3.5 Watershed Planning Goals 12 1.4 Town of Rico Planning Goals and Objectives 12 1.5 The Watershed Plan Goals and Objectives 13 1.6 Watershed Description 14 1.7 The Watershed Plan Scope and Organization 16 2.0 REGIONAL OVERVIEW OF THE DOLORES WATERSHED 2.1 Introduction 1 2.2 Geography, Soils and Geology 2 2.2.1 Geography 2 2.2.2 Soils 3 2.2.3 Geology 4 2.3 Hydrology 8 2.3.1 Groundwater 8 2.3.2 Surface Water 10 2.3.3 Hydrology of Silver Creek 12 2.4 Climate 13 2.5 Ecological Setting 14 2.5.1 Terrestrial 15 2.5.2 Aquatic 16 2.5.3 Wetlands 18 2.6 Mining History of the Area 18 2.7 Land Uses and Population Characteristics 20 2.7.1 Recreation Uses 21 2.7.2 Potential Wild and Scenic Designation 22 2.7.3 Agricultural and Mineral Leases 23 ii 2.8 Water Uses, Water Rights, and Water Budget Estimates 25 2.8.1 Water Uses 25 2.8.2 Water Rights 27 2.8.3 Water Budget Estimates 30 2.9 General Water Quality Issues 30 3.0 POPULATION PROJECTIONS 3.1 Introduction 1 3.2 Summary of Previous Data 1 3.3 Land Use and Development Plans 2 4.0 WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT 4.1 Introduction 1 4.2 Stream Classifications and Standards 2 4.2.1 Overview of Colorado’s Classifications and Standards System 3 4.2.2 Dolores River Basin Classifications and Standards 6 4.3 Water Quality Data 9 4.3.1 Introduction 9 4.3.2 Historic Evaluations 10 4.3.3 Ongoing Routine Data Collection 21 4.3.4 Ongoing Special Projects 21 4.4 Data Evaluation 21 4.4.1 Introduction 22 4.4.2 Water Quality Discussion 23 4.4.3 Potential Effects to Designated Uses 25 4.4.4 General Trends 28 4.5 Summary of Recommendations 41 5.0 WATER AND WASTEWATER FACILITIES 5.1 Introduction 1 5.2 Point Source Discharge 1 5.3 Facility and Master Planning 2 5.3.1 Town of Rico Municipal Watershed 3 5.3.2 Town of Rico Wastewater Treatment Plant 4 5.4 Point Source Recommendations 5 6.0 NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION 6.1 Introduction 1 6.2 Potential Nonpoint Source Impacts 2 6.2.1 Land Use, Development, and Disturbance 3 6.2.2 Inactive Mines 13 6.2.3 Hydrologic Modifications and In-Basin Changes in Water Use 16 6.3 Groundwater Issues 18 iii 6.4 Nonpoint Source Recommendations 18 6.4.1 General Nonpoint Source Recommendations 19 6.4.2 Monitoring Recommendations 22 6.4.3 Best Management Practice Recommendations 22 6.4.4 Inactive Mine Recommendations 23 7.0 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT GOALS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 7.1 Introduction 1 7.2 Recommendations by Others 2 7.2.1 Matrix Design Group, 2004 3 7.2.2 Corey Sue Derfus – Aqua-Hab, Inc. 5 7.2.3 Others 5 7.3 Watershed Coordination and Continued Planning 6 7.3.1 Stakeholder Group Development, Meetings and Coordination 7 7.3.2 Integration into Rico Regional Master Plan 10 7.4 Monitoring to Address Data Gaps 15 7.4.1 Comprehensive Project area Monitoring 16 7.4.2 Aquatic Life Monitoring 18 7.4.3 Metals Loading and Synoptic Sampling 20 7.4.4 Sediment Sampling 22 7.5 Aquatic Ecological Risk Assessment and Regulatory Documentation 23 7.5.1 Aquatic Ecological Risk Assessment 23 7.5.2 Regulatory Documentation 25 7.6 Nonpoint Source Control 25 7.6.1 Controlling Stormwater 27 7.6.2 Controlling Mine-related Nonpoint Sources 31 7.7 Point Source Control 35 7.8 Riparian and Wetland Habitat Management 39 8.0 DRAFT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS AND FUNDING ASSESSMENT OF RECOMMENDATIONS 8.1 Introduction 1 8.2 Cost Analysis and Recommendations 2 8.3 Benefit Analysis 8 8.4 Projected Time-line and Goals 10 9.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND NEXT STEPS 9.1 Summary 1 9.2 Conclusions 1 9.3 Next Steps 2 10.0 REFERENCES iv v Tables EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EX.1 Project Area Information Summary of Sources and Data Gaps. EX.2 Summary of the Watershed Plan Recommendations. SECTION 1.0 1.1 Summary of Project Area Tributary Stream Characteristics. SECTION 2.0 2. 1 Project Area Soils Types and Characteristics (NRCS, no date). 2.2 Historic Annual Peak Flows. (source; Dames & Moore, 1981). 2.3 2002-2005, Monthly Stream Flow Values (cfs) of the Dolores River at the Montelores Bridge USGS Gauging Station. 2.4 Lizard Head Pass Annual and Monthly Precipitation. (source; NRCS, Snotel Data). 2.5 Scotch Creek Annual and Monthly Precipitation. (source; NRCS, Snotel Data). 2.6 Threatened and Endangered Species that could Occur within the Project Area. (sources; C. Derfus, 2001 and C. Wilbur, 1995). 2.7 CDOW Stream Fisheries Survey Results for Locations Above and below Rico. (source; CDOW, 2006). 2.8 2005 Big Game Summary Information. (source; CDOW, 2006). 2.9 Summary of Range Allotments Leased within the Project Area. (source; USFS SJNF, 2006). 2.10 Summary of Mine Permits and their Status within the Project Area. (source; CDMG, 2006). 2.11 Summary of Oil & Gas Permitted Wells Adjacent to the Project Area. (source; COGCC, 2006). 2.12 Colorado County Domestic Water Use Rates. (source; USGS, 2006). 2.13 Colorado County Public Supply Water Use Rates. (source; USGS, 2006). 2.14 Colorado County Irrigation Water Use Rates. (source; USGS, 2006). 2.15 Colorado County Industrial Water Use Rates. (source; USGS, 2006). 2.16 River Miles Supporting and Not Supporting of its Designated Use (source; CDPHE, 2002 and 2004). SECTION 3.0 3.1 Historic Census Information for the Town of Rico and Dolores County by Year (source; CDOLA, 2006). 3.2 Natural Population Increase for the Town of Rico by Year (source; CDOLA, 2006). 3.3 Dolores County Population Variables useful for Water Planning (source; CDOLA, 2006). 3.4 Town of Rico and Dolores County Projected Population Census (source; CDOLA, 2006). 3.5 Number of Business Establishments in the Town of Rico, by Year (source; USCB, 2006). SECTION 4.0 4.1 Agricultural and Domestic Water Supply Water Quality Standards. (source’ CDPHE, 2002). 4.2 Stream Classifications and Water Quality Standards by Project Area Segment. (source; CWQCC, 2002) 3 pgs. 4.3 Table Value Standard Criteria. (source; CWQCC, 2002). vi 4.4 Water Quality Criteria Adjustments to Pertinent Project Area River Segments as per the CWQCC Triennial Hearing Results. (source; CDPHE CWQCC, 2006). 4.5 TMDL Listed Segments Relevant to the Project Area. (source; CDPHE, 2002). 4.6 ARCO Prepared VDUPs/NADs and their Status. (source; Matrix Design Group, 2004). 4.7 Available Zinc Assimilative Capacities and Zinc Contributions – provided by CDPHE (2001) (as cited in: Matrix Design Group, 2004). 4.8 Summary of USGS Sample Information for the Project Area. (sources; USGS, 2006a and 2..6b). 4.9 Geothermal Springs Water Quality in 1995. (source; URS/USEPA, 1996). 4.10 Summary of CGS Abandoned Mine Lands Ranking of Sites within the Project Area. (source; CGS, 1989). 4.11 Analytical Data for Samples Collected from the Horse Creek Sub-basin by CGS. (source; Neubert, 2000). 4.12 Summary of Available Data for locations within Silver Creek. 4.13 Summary of Available Data for Locations within the Dolores River. 4.14 2002 Metals Results as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for the St. Louis Ponds. 4.15 2003 Metals Results as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for the St. Louis Ponds. 4.16 2004 Metals Results as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for the St. Louis Ponds. 4.17 2002 Metals as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for Locations along Silver Creek. 4.18 2003 Metals as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for Locations along Silver Creek. 4.19 2004 Metals as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for Locations along Silver Creek. 4.20 2002 Metals Results as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for Locations along the Dolores River. 4.21 2003 Metals Results as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for Locations along the Dolores River. 4.22 2004 Metals Results as Compared to AWQC using HQ Analysis for Locations along the Dolores River. 4.23 Dolores River, Silver Creek, and St. Louis Ponds Copper- Zinc Indicies (CZI). 4.24 Temporal Change in Load as Observed for 1997, 2002, 2003 and 2004. 4.25 Summary of Flow Loss Observed for the St. Louis Settling Ponds. 4.26 Summary of Zinc Load Loss Observed for the St. Louis Settling Ponds. SECTION 5.0 SECTION 6.0 6.1 Results of Metals Analysis in Soils Collected from the Historic Town of Rico Dump. (source; Walsh, 1995). 6.2 Summary of Lots with Permitted Septic Systems (as per Dolores County Assesor Records, 2006). 6.3 Summary of UST/ASTs within the Project Area. (source; COSTIS, 2006b). 6.4 Summary of Spills within the Project Area for the past 10 Years.