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September 2013 Informasi Status, Kondisi Dan Berita Biodiversitas Indonesia Vol.2 No

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September 2013 Informasi Status, Kondisi Dan Berita Biodiversitas Indonesia Vol.2 No ISSN: 2338-5421 e-ISSN: 2338-5561 Konservasi Biodiversitas Raja Lindungi Ragam, Lestari 4Indonesia September 2013 Informasi Status, Kondisi dan Berita Biodiversitas Indonesia Vol.2 No. 9 Tahun 2013 Buletin KBR4 adalah bagian proyek Marine Biodiversity of Raja Ampat Islands yang didanai oleh program USAID PEER dan dikerjakan oleh Universitas Negeri Papua, Universitas Brawijaya, Conservation International, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Indonesian Biodiversity Research Center dengan partner US Paul H. Barber (University of California, Los Angeles) dan Kent Carpenter (Old Dominion University). Metode Konservasi Genetik Metode genetika molekular dapat berkontribusi pada hal terkait konservasi gen, spesies dan ekosistem. Sedangkan tujuan konservasi berkaitan dengan sistematika, ekologi atau evolusi. Metode konservasi sumberdaya genetik terdiri atas konservasi in situ dan konservasi ex situ (in vivo dan in vitro). Konservasi in situ dilakukan pada lingkungan asal atau asli mahluk hidup. Konservasi ini biasanya dilakukan dalam bentuk taman nasional atau wilayah yang dilindungi misalnya kawasan konservasi laut atau kawasan konservasi laut daerah. Pembaca, Salam jumpa. Edisi Pada metode konservasi in situ spesies target dijaga di dalam ekosistem di mana Sepetember banyak menampilkan spesies berada secara alami; tataguna lahan terbatas pada kegiatan yang tidak informasi terkait dengan kegiatan memberikan dampak merugikan pada tujuan konservasi habitat; dan regenerasi pemasangan ARMS oleh MB-RAI spesies target tanpa manipulasi manusia. di beberapa lokasi Raja Ampat dan Konservasi ex situ merupakan metode konservasi yang mengonservasi Teluk Cenderawasih. Laporan spesies di luar habitat atau sebaran alami populasi tetuanya. Jenis metode ini kuliah umum serta informasi merupakan proses melindungi spesies mahluk hidup (langka) dengan tentang invertebrata laut Raja mengambilnya dari habitat yang tidak aman atau terancam dan menempatkannya Ampat dan belajar DNA tetap di bawah perlindungan manusia. Secara in vivo konservasi ex situ dilakukan disampaikan pada edisi September dengan mempertahankan hidup populasi aktif di luar lingkungan asal spesies. ini. Selamat membaca!!! Sedangkan secara in vitro konservas ex situ dapat berupa konservasi semen, oosit, embrio atau sel somatik dalam nitrogen cair. Konservasi jenis ex situ ini dapat dilakukan di gene bank atau kebun raya. Di dalam gene bank, koleksi dapat disimpan dalam bentuk benih, jaringan secara in vitro, atau dalam bentuk kalus Daftar Isi: yang belum terdeferensiasi dalam nitrogen cair. Metode Konservasi 1 Kebun raya, kebun binatang dan aquarium merupakan fasilitas metode konservasi ex situ konvensional. Fasilitas ini menyediakan bukan hanya tempat Kuliah Umum 2 terlindung dari spesimen spesies langka tetapi juga memiliki nilai pendidikan. Pemasangan ARMS 3 Fasilitas ini memberikan informasi bagi masyarakat mengenai status ancaman PCR 4 pada spesies langka dan faktor-faktor yang menimbulkan ancaman dan Rehabilitasi Terumbu 4 membahayakan kehidupan spesies. Untuk tumbuhan, metode konservasi dapat menggunakan materi reproduktif individu atau tegakan yang terletak di luar Inisiasi kerjasama ARMS 5 populasi tetuanya. Metode dan materi ex situ mencakup bank gen benih atau Sosialisasi ARMS 5 tepungsari, bank klon, arboretum, populasi pemuliaan. Invertebrata laut Raja 6 Metode konservasi ex situ lain misalnya penyimpanan benih pada Ampat lingkungan yang terkendali. Dengan pengendalian temperatur dan kondisi DNA Kromosom Prokariot 7 kelembaban, benih beberapa spesies yang disimpan akan tetap hidup untuk beberapa dekade. Metode ini merupakan konservasi yang utama pada tanaman Mengenal ARMS 8 pertanian dan mulai dipergunakan untuk spesies pohon hutan. Bank gen, bank klon merupakan jenis konservasi statis yang menghidarkan perubahan genetik. Kultur jaringan merupakan metode konservasi yang baik. Metodenya tergolong mahal namun bila penyimpanan secara kriogentik (cryogenic storage), maka teknik ini merupakan metode konservasi yang terjamin. Penyimpanan kriogenik merupakan preservai bahan biologis dalam cairan nitrogen pada suhu 150oC – 196oC. Bentuk yang paling umum untuk konservasi ex situ untuk pohon adalah tegakan hidup. Hewan langka juga dapat dikonservasi melalui bankgen, dengan kriogenik untuk menyimpan sperma, telur atau embrio. 1 ISSN: 2338-5421 e-ISSN: 2338-5561 KB Raja4 Informasi Status, Kondisi dan Berita Biodiversitas Indonesia www.ibcraja4.org Kuliah Umum “Marine Lake Ecology of Indonesia” Danau laut merupakan suatu ekosistem unik yang danau laut dalam bentuk kuliah umum. Lisa Becking terbentuk ketika depresi berpori, bentang bumi berkapur menyampaikan Marine Lake of Indonesia. dibanjiri oleh kenaikan tingkat laut. Terhubung dengan MB-RAI mengfasilitasi kegiatan ini untuk laut melalui berbagai cara, danau laut membentuk membuka peluang dan kesempatan bagi dosen dan kontinum dari isolasi lengkap ke mirip laguna. Danau mahasiswa UNIPA yang tertarik untuk mendalami laut mengandung berbagai habitat yang mendorong penelitian terkait dengan genetika molekuler biota danau radiasi adaptif dan evolusi yang cepat dari kumpulan laut di Papua umumnya dan Raja Ampat secara khusus. biologis. Berbagai biota khas ditemukan hidup di danau Sebanyak 35 peserta mengikuti kuliah ini. Peserta kuliah laut. Jellyfish danau laut Palau adalah contoh paling terdiri atas mahasiswa dan dosen dari empat jurusan di terkenal dari danau laut, sekitar 17 juta ubur-ubur pada fakultas MIPA dan PPK seperti Jurusan Kimia dan Januari 2007. Jumlah terbesar (diperkirakan) yang pernah Biologi (FMIPA) dan Jurusan Perikanan dan Ilmu tercatat adalah 31 juta. Kelautan (FPPK). Kuliah umum secara resmi dibuka Penelitian danau laut oleh peneliti Indonesia masih oleh rektor Universitas Negeri Papua, Suriel Mofu, jarang. Akibatnya, kita belum banyak mengetahui S.Pd, M.Ed, M.Sc, PhD pada 24 September 2013 pukul tentang danau laut yang kita miliki. Kita belum tahu jenis 11.00 di Aula Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan FPPK danau laut di Indonesia, jenis spesies yang mendiami UNIPA. danau laut Indonesia dan perbedaannya dengan lingkungan pesisir yang berdekatan. Kita juga belum mengetahui sejauh mana populasi di danau terisolasi dan potensi danau laut di Indonesia, termasuk peluangnnya sebagai laboratorium alam evolusi. Rektor Dalam rangka mendorong penelitian danau laut membuka kuliah umum dan memberikan informasi umum tentang danau laut secara resmi Indonesia dan Raja Ampat khususnya, MB-RAI didampingi mengundang Elisabeth Becking, PhD dari UC Berkeley, oleh pemateri USA, untuk memberikan dan berbagi informasi tentang dan moderator 2 ISSN: 2338-5421 e-ISSN: 2338-5561 September 2013 Informasi Status, Kondisi dan Berita Biodiversitas Indonesia Vol.2 No. 9 Tahun 2013 Pemasangan ARMS Raja Ampat Tim ARMS telah melakukan pemasangan 27 Gusti Narendra Putra. Tim MB-RAI diwakili oleh Andri ARMS di beberapa lokasi di Raja Ampat sejak 7-12 W. Kuncoro (mahasiswa IKL), Andyka A. Wibowo September 2013. Ada lima lokasi penempatan ARMS (MB-RAI), dan Rimer H. Biloro (MSP FPPK UNIPA). oleh tim ini yaitu depan Statisun Lapangan Wayag (3 ARMS) pada kedalaman 10-12 m, terumbu karang Pef (3 Pemasangan ARMS berdasarkan surat izin yang ARMS) pada kedalaman 30 m dan 6 ARMS pada dikeluarkan oleh Dinas Kelautan Perikanan Raja Ampat kedalaman 10 m. Lokasi Batu Rufus-Penemu tim No. 523.1/366/IX/2013 dan didukung oleh armada CI- memasang 6 ARMS pada kealaman 10 m di sisi timur Indonesia, Inbekwan. Pulau Penemu. Selanjutnya di depan stasiun lapangan Dayan dipasang 3 ARMS pada kedalaman 10 m. Tim juga melakukan pemasangan 6 ARMS dengan kedalaman 10-12 m di depan Resort Kri. Rencananya ARMS yang dipasang ini akan diambil setelah satu dan dua tahun depan. Pemasangan ARMS terlaksana berkat kerjasama tim Marine Biodiversity of Raja Ampat Islands, CI- Indonesia, Indonesian Biodiversity Research Center-Bali dan didukung oleh Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Raja Ampat. Tim CI Indonesia yang terlibat dalam pemasangan ARMS adalah Rio Sumbragana, Elvis Mambraku, dan Edy Setiawan. Sementara tim IBRC-Bali terdiri atas Aji W. ANggoro, Andrianus Sembiring, dan I Teluk Cenderawasih Tim ARMS juga melakukan pemasangan 15 Pemasangan ARMS didukung surat izin ARMS di Teluk Cenderawasih dari 17-19 masuk kawasan konservasi (SIMAKSI) yang September 2013. Lokasi penempatan ARMS di dikeluarkan oleh BTNTC No. SI.47/BBTNTC- Teluk Cenderawasih adalah Numammurang, 2/Tek/2013 dan bantuan armada WWF-Indonesia, Tanjung Mangguar, Purup, Yop dan Gilvink Bay. Kabuai/Angromeos. ARMS yang akan diambil setelah satu dan dua tahun ini dipasang atas kerjsama tim Marine Biodiversity of Raja Ampat Islands, CI-Indonesia, Indonesian Biodiversity Research Center-Bali dan didukung Balai Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih. Tim ARMS dari UNIPA (MB-RAI) adalah Andri W. Kuncoro dan Rimer H. Biloro, sedangkan IBRC-Bali mengirim staf Andrianus Sembiring dan I Gusti Narendra Putra. Pemasangan ini juga melibatkan La Hamid (staf Balai Besar Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih) dan Daan Wenggy dan Maku, staf WWF-Indonesia. 3 ISSN: 2338-5421 e-ISSN: 2338-5561 KB Raja4 Informasi Status, Kondisi dan Berita Biodiversitas Indonesia www.ibcraja4.org PCR (Polimerase Chain Reaction) Reaksi berantai polimerase (PCR) adalah Prinsip Dasar teknik in vitro yang dapat mengamplifikasi bagian DNA PCR digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi gen tunggal, spesifik yang terletak di antara dua bagian DNA yang bagian gen, atau urutan non-kode DNA. PCR akan telah diketahui. PCR merupakan teknik biokimia dan membuat sekitar 40 milyar salinan dari DNA cetakan.
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