11 Hamo Thornycroft’s iconic statue 6 Charles II accepted an invitation to visit of King Alfred (right) commemorates The text in this leaflet has been researched by Dr Elena Winchester in August 1682. This visit was so Woodacre, Senior Lecturer in Early Modern History the king’s famous links with the city – enjoyable that the king decided to construct a at the University of Winchester with assistance from collect a copy of the City Walk at the ROYAL BLOOD palace there as a country seat. The following colleagues in the departments of History and Archaeology, visitor information centre for more year the court returned and construction particularly Dr Katherine Weikert, Dr Simon Roffey and Dr A brief history of royal Winchester about this famous ruler. At the bottom Ryan Lavelle as well as students from the Royal Winchester began, assisted by the city who gave him the of The Broadway, at the intersection WRAP Project: Luke Barnes, Jessica Watson, Ashleigh Great Hall and considerable ground around the Bridgeman and Jemma Harbot. King Charles II with Eastgate Street, King George III and old castle site for the building work. In 1684, Queen Charlotte stayed at Eastgate House as the guests Cover image of Queen Victoria at the Great Hall the king returned to the city twice to oversee 9 Winchester College (above) of Winchester’s MP Henry Penton on their visit to Winchester ©Harvey Mills construction on the palace under the design of Sir Christopher Wren. has played host to many royal in 1778. The grand house Illustrations of King Charles arriving at the Westgate; Charles II’s untimely death on 6 February 1685 brought an end to the visits from the 15th century to no longer survives. Queen Mary and King Philip’s wedding feast; King construction. Edward I and Margaret of France escaping the burning the present day, a popular stop on Continue on towards the royal chambers by Wendy Bramall James II did not share his brother’s desire for a country seat at any royal tour of the city. College Guildhall – Abbey Gardens www.wendybramall.co.uk © Wendy Bramall 2016 Winchester and the works stopped during his brief reign. James’ records show that Henry VI visited at will be on your left hand All other images are reproduced courtesy of daughter Queen Anne visited the city with her consort Prince George least eight times during his long reign while 10 Though Wolvesey was the palace of the side. These gardens were Cultural Trust, The University of Winchester and of Denmark in August 1705. Anne intended to complete the work of his successor Edward IV visited three times in the 1460s. Bishop of Winchester, not the royal palace, it built on the site of St Mary’s Winchester City Council. her uncle Charles II on his palace but did not Henry VIII brought Emperor Charles V here during his Winchester took on an increasingly important role during Abbey – the land was given finish the project during her reign. A fire in visit in 1522 and Mary Tudor and Philip of Spain were fêted here royal visits after the fire at the castle in 1302. to the city by Mary I as a CITY WALK MILITARY A tour of King Alfred’s Winchester Trace Winchester’s military past from 1894 destroyed what became known as the during the celebration of their wedding in Winchester in July 1554. In 1306 Queen Margaret came to Winchester King Richard II gift to celebrate her the Iron Age to the Nuclear Age ‘King’s House’ and Peninsula Barracks (left) Charles I was welcomed with speeches in 1629 and other Stuart for the birth of her child but due to the wedding here to Philip of Queen Charlotte You can also download this was constructed on the site using some of the monarchs visited including Charles II (1682), his brother James II recent fire in the royal apartments at the WEDDINGS Spain in 1554.

leaflet and our other trails from Winchester has a rich and varied military history. From Iron Age forts, to Civil War sites, through two Follow in King Alfred’s footsteps on this tour of World Wars to the completion a Nuclear bunker Winchester’s historic landmarks. sited at Twyford - the district’s military stories span This walk is divided into three loops so you can choose centuries of history. materials which survived – today you see a mix (1687) and Queen Anne (1705). George III was also greeted with castle, she was lodged at Wolvesey Palace Aethelred and how much to do. Set out from the famous statue of If you are interested in finding out more about the King Alfred and explore the heart of the ancient capital, military history of Winchester, ancient and modern, the upper city and Alfred’s final resting place in Hyde then follow these two informative trails – one based visitwinchester.co.uk Abbey Gardens. in the city and one taking you further afield. of private housing and Winchester Military pealing bells during his 1778 visit. Royal visits continued in the 20th for her confinement. Richard II and Anne of Emma (1002) You are now back at at the Guildhall, where your royal

visitwinchester.co.uk visitwinchester.co.uk Quarter – well worth a visit. century: George V visited in 1912 as did his heir, Edward, Prince of Bohemia stayed at the palace in September Canute and Emma tour of Winchester began. Should you wish to extend your Winchester’s Official tourist VIADUCT WAY MEDIEVAL Walk or cycle to Winchester’s restored historic railway JEWISH TRAIL Wales (who later abdicated the throne as Edward VIII) in November 1393. At the end of June 1415 Henry V (1017) Henry IV tour of royal Winchester, there are several sites in the city The story of Medieval Jews in Winchester 7 The cathedral and the Old and New Minsters have long been a guides run tours on this and 1923. King George VI and Queen Elizabeth visited the college on 17 received the French ambassadors here for and Joan of Navarre with royal connections that you may wish to visit including focus for important royal events, particularly in the Middle Ages. As other fascinating themes. See May 1946 while their daughter Queen Elizabeth II was also greeted an unsuccessful round of peace talks hosted (1403) Mary I and Hyde Abbey, where the bones of King Alfred and Edward the centre of royal power, it was the natural winchestertouristguides.com formally in the ‘ad portas’ tradition of the college and presented by Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester Philip of Spain (1554) the Elder were moved and the Hospital of St Cross (below),

“The dandelions are gliding into the woods, I leap up Winchester has an important Jewish past. The earliest and try to make a grab for them - record of Jews in the city date to the mid-1100s, making location for coronations and royal burials. Even but I miss every time.” it one of the earliest, largest and wealthiest Jewish medals during her visit to the college in 1955. The Queen returned to and Chancellor of England. The failure of founded by Henry of Blois, Bishop of Winchester, nephew Becky Witheyman, Compton All Saints Primary School. settlements in England. after Westminster supplanted Winchester as the visit the college again 27 years later in 1982. these talks led to the Battle of Agincourt (25 of Henry I and brother of King Stephen. Henry’s decision visitwinchester.co.uk visitwinchester.co.uk capital of England, monarchs still came here for October 1415), where Henry V famously defeated the French. Mary to hold the royal treasury at Winchester for his brother second coronations and a number of weddings Winchester has been a focus for royal activity and Tudor was lodged here before her wedding in 1554 (whilst Philip of helped Stephen to seize the crown before Matilda, the patronage since the Early Middle Ages when it was the were celebrated here. Two of these weddings, ROYAL EVENTS Spain lodged at the cathedral dean’s house rightful heiress, could journey to England to claim her King_Alf effective capital of under the Saxon kings. A Joan of Navarre’s wedding to Henry IV in 1403 1912, St Swithun’s in the Cathedral Close) and the dinner and rights. Winchester became a key focus of conflict during succession of royal residences were constructed here and Mary Tudor’s wedding to Philip of Spain Day: George VI ROYAL EVENTS If you would like this leaflet in a KingAlf and the cathedral has been a key location for royal festivities to celebrate her marriage were also the war between Stephen and Matilda for the crown as Winchester in 1554, brought sizable retinues of important holds thanksgiving 19 September larger format, please contact the ceremonial and important events such as weddings and Joan of Navarre held here. More recently, Queen Elizabeth II both sought to control the city due to its long standing visitor information centre KingAlf foreign visitors to join in the celebrations. feast for preservation 1535: Ceremony Winchester a site for coronations and royal tombs. began her 1955 visit to the city here where connection as an important seat 01962 840 500 of cathedral of consecration for she was welcomed by the mayor, the town of royal authority. [email protected] 8 Though nothing remains three new bishops, clerk and the Bishop of Winchester. visitwinchester.co.uk today, it is believed that the attended by Henry VIII The Queen Victoria statue at the Saxon royal palace at Winchester and Anne Boleyn and Take a walk along the river and the city Great Hall (cover image), cast in was built in close proximity to the officiated by Thomas walls. When you reach the High Street again bronze by sculptor Alfred Gilbert, was commissioned by the High cathedral, most likely on what is Cranmer, Archbishop turn left. Queen Elizabeth II in 1955 Sheriff of Hampshire to mark Queen at Winchester College now Cathedral Green. of Canterbury. Victoria’s Golden Jubilee in 1887. Check restrictions at visitwinchester.co.uk visitwinchester.co.uk ©Winchester City Council - October 2020 It’s time to enjoy your Winchester. K C Coach Park ING A R LFRED PLACE A E N N Hyde AD P W O W P A OSE LD R L R A Abbey Hyde IRFIE R Gate FA O Y NE CT Abbey H 5 The marriage of Henry I and Matilda RT T Garden R P T ATE 3 H O H E In 1012 King Aethelred II (the ‘Unready’) YD YDE G The trail starts from Guildhall Winchester – if you W E C E H R L A O SE R P of Scotland was celebrated in Winchester O N

T

A S D D collected this leaflet at the visitor information centre, granted to his wife, Queen Emma, the manor D

O E R KIN G A D V LFRED in 1100 and Henry II and King John were A T

E I Y E River Park S R R TO H R you are perfectly situated to begin the walk. of God Begot House. Although still within C Leisure Centre R KB R O

R T A ID O VICTORI SIL frequent visitors during their reigns. A C C

G H C A E P E RD I STER PL E

RO D V the city walls, Queen Emma’s manor was A N Winchester D E The ‘History of the King’s Works’ notes A H RLINGTO C Railway Station ION N PLACE Skatepark T H G I T ILL R legally outside of the city of Winchester and

A O E T IV

R R S consistent expenditure on the castle from T S D T E

. S O 1 W E PA Hampshire AN On 6 May 1939, under Emma’s control. In the modern city, the U Archives LA R M N N T A D L and Local E Queen Emma 1155 onwards, suggesting its importance ’ T S R R S R E Studies S O H E T E O N King George VI and site of this Anglo-Saxon manor is bounded I D N A L R C Baptist G University of Southampton of Normandy O A D L T I Y H D I T Church Y – Winchester Campus Winnall Moors

T as a favoured royal residence. Henry A S Y D T R H E

O O E A Nature Reserve R A B P X AD B T Queen Elizabeth by the High Street, St Peter, and St George’s

N E E

S

O S Y

T A S IF III was born here in 1207 and spent a

L U R

L OLD CITY WALLS C S D I D arrived in Winchester Streets with the western boundary near Waterstones. The current God S R O N E N O considerable sum on improvements to the N R University of Southampton Y Theatre TH U A O Newburgh W W I A P N – Winchester Campus A TO Royal LL via the Royal Train Begot House (left) though, is T House W S E L ER A S V I T S T T castle, repairing damage suffered in a siege OW A O S ER K N R BE D LGA and received the a later construction. Although RUM R PL W N A by Louis of France in 1216 and building Y T EW Christian P A A S W BU ON Y R P Science keys to the city at nothing physical is left of her ALIS H GH Church St. Peter’s T Winchester S G ST RC Church M N impressive additions to the residential and R O T Discovery Centre K RTH I U E Hampshire O W D E T E B A the Guildhall. They T County P L P E property on Winchester’s High O T L D C E R S S E

W E Council T R E R

L A N E defensive elements of the castle. Henry Oram’s S E B T

E R E

R Elizabeth II N S T R R R Court D R S R Arbour S T returned again after Street, the location of her chapel E T E E R E S D O E U L T P X A R W E T A A K N is believed to have spent in the region of U E P GAT G R S E E P W E N O U D S L P TT U O S T T O E Moorside A N O P E N R WWII on 17 May of St Peter’s is picked out in brick S G R O C L D A U E E T E T N T CORONATIONS S R F S P T T L R Y E S U I T B E £10,000 – a considerable sum in the 13th E The United E E A R E S L N H R T E T ’ T T R E E S A C Church R I I SS S W Winchester N L O N R 1946 – a ball was held to celebrate their visit. on the pavement behind God O T T G CR G E Milner S E D S A A N N H J Royal Hotel L

R L Post Hall S M D K G Egbert (802 – century, transforming the castle including

L ’ I S I S Police U R H Office H O G T R T D E N Station C M R E E The Middle O Queen Elizabeth II visited the city on the 5 July Begot House. In the Royal Oak O T T R E B F T Brook Centre R LI CO E A ROYAL EVENTS E A SSA B 4 C The P (Winchester CK T T King of Wessex) Charles I visited Winchester in December 1648 en route to his building the Great Hall (top right), various

P T L C P W A R E S Family Church) N L . E E I Westgate E F T R 1955, giving a speech on the balcony of the (next door) you can see some of the older, flint T K O S F T N RI W S King Henry I R H O AR BLUE O AD I S O N B Aethelred the Treaty of Winchester trial in London and was briefly detained in the Westgate as a prisoner royal chapels, the kitchens, gatehouse and A RO G O G D SEY H AT P L A OM ST R P E W LL Guildhall. Contemporary photos show children construction in the basement that marks a much R R A E S B H ET T. L IL G C L 5 4 E T O R E RG H Unready (973 – only (1153): King Stephen of the Parlimentary the apartments of both the king and queen. E T E’ E

S The Brooks R E E S S T P T

R S E Shopping Centre S on the roofs of shops and houses along the older medieval segment of the building. C E Great Hall & R T P T

K E

A A U O Round Table R O 10 years old) Edward named Empress forces. According R G

Post ST R F St. John R R L . T R G B IA E RSGATE H Office S O The Baptist E A IG O E Broadway, positioned to see the Queen. The Winchester continued to be a favourite royal residence in the H R L F S G T TR A Church Military E E D R ET ’S A N S D E D T I R

S E the Confessor (1043) Matilda’s son Henry The daughter of Duke Richard I of Normandy, to contemporary Museums R T 3 RE . E M N C T E T L T H EM N E D E C Queen’s visits followed in the footsteps of reign of Henry III’s son, Edward I but unfortunately, while Buttercross W

N T E A E T I

C Hotel ST T St. Clements W R S A A Law ILV Surgery R William the as his heir, ending Emma, was a skilled diplomat and crafty survivor. sources, Charles was R T du Vin E O E R T R

S H V E R I E Courts IL T L Bus Station T R her predecessors, including her namesake, Edward I and his second wife, Margaret of France, were staying R C ’ 2 H E T IG S H E

S T E S M TR L E EW T E Conqueror & Queen decades of war met at the Westgate M E A Emma was queen consort to both Aethelred II S A L R T R A S N A E T L J E H G T E King Alfred N R L T T T S S T Elizabeth I, who visited Winchester several at the castle in 1302, a fire broke out. The king and queen had Q I S E S E U The Great E

S A S Footpath to St. Giles Hill E T R H Royal Hampshire N E ’ I S A Matilda (1068 – his between Stephen by the Mayor of R and, after his death, his Danish successor, Canute. 6 N N T N M E Regiment Museum M I A S H E City Museum R times during her annual ‘progresses’, including a lucky escape from the burning royal chambers out of a side E K L T M Visitor R E O

E E L T L J A R Peninsula A T T E A Information Second Coronation) and Matilda for the She also engineered the reigns of sons by both Winchester, who A N D Barracks G T T A T

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L T Q T Mercure H S E R E visits in 1560, 1574, 1586 and 1591. door but their apartments were destroyed by the blaze and it S B 1 R A A R Cathedral Wessex Hotel O ’ G Guildhall L T A AR S D T W M U CH S A Henry II (1154) crown, known as of her husbands: Harthacanute, king of Denmark had Royalist leanings S City Mill ER E S A Y N Y K I L 8 Abbey A N E N M PA O appears were never fully restored to their original glory. This lack T E ER H T NO House P O ST O IG A RO ER H T W R S S H T E Young Henry (1172) ‘The Anarchy’. and England, and , the last – when he tried to G B B G T R D T Winchester ID I H E 11 G R C E B 2 Everyman T E L S Recognising the importance of of adequate accommodation for the royal family and court T City T

Abbey O S E Visitor O Cinema U Council R Centre C Gardens L Richard I (1194 – Anglo-Saxon king of England. Emma had strong offer the king the C O T E O S S B NS T R Winchester as a centre of royal power, William after the fire, arguably contribute to a decline in prominence of A S B ’ Christ LES P O G D 7 Church A O Second Coronation) keys to the city in TE Abbey links to Winchester – both of her marriages took place here, her son N Letter to the Mayor of Winchester from Centre Mill K O the Conqueror built a palace here after his Winchester as the king spent less time in the city. R S Chesil E T P West Hill M T T S S H C T Oliver Cromwell, 1645 . T. Y O Theatre Edward the Confessor celebrated his second coronation here in 1043 and the traditional J E L D A S E Cemetary A S B M W R C R O T A E IT O S’ H L K H C conquest of England in 1066. Though very little trace of these buildings D L U O ST O A N E H N S N S E W R E A T E she was buried here, with her husband Canute when she died in 1052. manner, the However, royal visits continued – X E S H CATHEDRAL CLOSE WALLS The Deanery E I I R L L C remain, archaeological evidence suggests that the palace kitchens S A S R S T. S A S Friends T U W D Parliamentary guards Henry VIII brought Emperor Charles V L O CA I ME Meeting House R H L T A CATHEDRAL N H LL E I U EY C O N E may have been sited at what is now 28–29 High Street. You can see a V T N S T T BURIALS ’ Wolvesey Castle S D S V CLOSE I S UM T IL attacked the mayor. ME R L to the Great Hall in 1522 to admire R M S A St. Swithun-upon R E E E ’ S (Ruins of old D F WS E RI T N H A Kingsgate Church A plaque commemorating William’s palace on the side of St. Lawrence M R Bishop’s Palace) Y U

C H B A O T The Pilgrim’s School J

G I A Cynegils (643) Egbert (839 – his bones still lie in a chest in the R the Round Table. Mary Tudor D

. N W S R S T R

S Church, which is believed to have been built on the site of the royal T Prior’s

A S Kingsgate E Gate N BAPTISMS

G E choir screen) Alfred (899 – moved to Hyde Abbey in 1110), Ealhswith brought more Spanish guests to D C CATHEDRAL CLOSE WALLS S

D UL S L E VE L O

ST RW A R chapel in William’s palace.

CO M E Bishop’s W L M IC L O PT H L G Y C ON A D Palace IT

RO E NS C A (903, Alfred’s wife) (924 – son of Alfred, buried Cynegils (635), the Great Hall in 1554 for her

AD L 10 D N D ’S 8 College Street L D G C O E L DNS O H E “Where Jane Austen LL C I D EG T lived her last days” E I F A S R TRE E R beside his father then moved to Hyde) (955) the Henry III (1207), wedding to Philip of Spain, O ET IV A R S R B T D . MI C R Winchester A HA EL E Fair (959) Edgar (975) Canute (1035 – mortuary chest (see left) is Arthur, Prince of Charles V’s son. Unfortunately, O ’S T College L D V R R E IL

O L A A E 9 K H S D U T O S R S L D B C A EA T E R still visible in the cathedral and also contains the bones of Emma and Wales (1486, born U R the castle suffered considerable F O St. Michael’s ILL E O A F RT S H IF R O R F L AD R Church R C E H C W A IG A T H . H Park & Ride

E G T A W William Rufus) Harthacanute (1042) Emma (1052) William Winchester) damage during the Civil War, thus S G D G

E S E

L G Footpath to St. Cross

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N via Water Meadows I O Rufus (1100 – originally buried under a tower in the cathedral which the Great Hall is the only major

K C

RO MA later collapsed, it was claimed that this was due to Rufus’s wickedness. piece of the medieval royal residence NS The Canute mortuary chest in RO AD CO GR LLEG He is believed to be the last king buried at Winchester.) to survive. AFT E WAL ON R K King_Alf KingAlfWinchesterOAD KingAlfWinchester