Paryavaranam Oct-Dec

Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012

ABSTRACTS ENVIS Centre on Status of Environment & Related Issues for Andhra Pradesh ISSN : 0974-2344 Vol.6, No.1. 2012 Gap Analysis for Protected Areas of Andhra Pradesh, India for conserving biodiversity, C.Sudhakar Reddy, Forestry and Ecology Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Paryavaranam Balanagar, Hyderabad- 500 625, India, Journal of American Science 2010;6(11);472-484], (ISSN: 1545-1003). E P T R I - E N V I S N e w s l e t t e r .Abstract: A gap analysis was carried out to assess the Protected Area (PA) network system in Andhra Pradesh, India. The decisive factors of vegetations type distribution, elevation and endemism was used to determine the The ENVIS Centre on SoE & RI for Andhra Pradesh is a decentralized Environmental representativeness of PA system. In Andhra Pradesh, vegetation cover occupies 23.03% of geographical area and Information Centre established by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India distributed in Coastal Plains, Deccan Plateau and Eastern Ghats. There are 27 PAs for conservation in Andhra Pradesh. The total area protected for bio-diversity is about 12,555 km or 4.56% of geographical area of Andhra Volume-6 Issue-1 January - March 2012 Pradesh. Of the three physiographic region, Eastern Ghats represents very high area under PAs which was estimated as 7811.38 km followed by Deccan plateau of 3526.89 km. Three main forest types (semi evergreen forests, thorn Content forests and dry evergreen forests) missing in the existing PA network were identified. Moist deciduous forests of Editorial Eastern Ghats of northern Andhra Pradesh were under-represented in Pas. The land area in an elevation range of 900m-1527m was not included in PA network. Of the 103 species of endemics, 64 species were not included in PA Editorial 1 system. Many PAs are experiencing threat from invasive species, forest fires, grazing pressure etc. There is a need to This issue of the newsletter consider for possible ways for effective conservation and to extend the present PA network system in India. Pa r ya va r a n a m d e a l s w i t h World Sparrow Day 2 Protected Areas of Andhra Pradesh. Apart from this Protected Areas of Andhra Pradesh 2 Abstracts,World Sparrow Day and Forth Coming Events Abstracts Forth Coming Events are provided. 8 Title: International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology 2012 Date: 25 to 29 June 2012 Forth Coming Events Venue: Houston, Texas, United States ENVIS Coordinator 8 Email/Contact person: George Sorial, [email protected] Website: http://www.AASci.org/conference/env/2012/index.html

Title: Meeting on Mangrove ecology, functioning and Management Date: 2 to 6 July 2012 Venue: Galle, Sri Lanka Editorial Team Published by Organizer: Université Libre de Bruxelles ULB - Vrije Universiteit Brussel VUB - University of Ruhuna UoR EPTRI, Hyderabad Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute KMFRI Dr. Razia Sultana, ENVIS Coordinator Email/Contact person: Farid Dahdouh-Guebas Dr. Prabhata Kumar Swain, Sr. Program Officer Supported by Website: http://www.vub.ac.be/APNA/greendyke/MMM3/ Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) Ms. Meenakshi Bajpai, Program officer Government of India, New Delhi From: To PRINTED MATTER Mr. D. Uma Shankar, Data Entry Operator ENVIS Coordinator Sri...... ENVIS Centre on Status of Environment and Related issues for Andhra Pradesh ...... Environment Protection Training and Research ...... ENVIS CENTRE ON STATUS OF ENVIRONMENT AND RELATED ISSUES FOR ANDHRA PRADESH Institute (EPTRI) ...... 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, A.P., India ...... ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING & RESEARCH INSTITUTE Ph : +91-040-23180103, 23180114, 23180100 Pin :...... 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad - 500 032, A.P., India Fax No.:+40-23180135, Ph.:+91-040-2318 0103, 2318 0114, 2318 0100, Fax No.+40-2318 0135 URL: http://apenvis.nic.in; http//www.eptri.com 8 Email : [email protected] / [email protected] Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 World Sparrow Day National Parks 6. Sri Venkateshwara National Park: (See Sri 1.KasuBrahmananda Reddy National Park. Venkateswar WLS which include Sri Venkateswara Uniqueness: A concrete jungle in HyderabadCity National Park) World Sparrow Day (WSD) is not just a one-day event in recent times - declared a cash prize to anyone who supporting verdant forest with diverse flora & fauna. to celebrate the ubiquitous, but fast-disappearing could solve the mystery. Needless to say, the reward Flora: Southern tropical dry deciduous forest that Zooloical Parks sparrow, but an attempt to bring sparrow lovers and remains unclaimed, he added. ncludes species like Teak, Sandalwood, Neem, Babul, 1)Nehru Zoological park: nature supporters on a common platform, and to kick Palas and Ficus etc. NehruZoolgicalPark was declared open to the public start a conservation movement to save the common Fauna: Porcupine, Jungle Cat, Small Indian Civet, on 6th October, 1963. The zoo spreads over 400 acres flora and fauna of the world. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/articl Pangolin, Mongoose, Wild Boar, over 130 species of e2961102.ece and is the premier picnic spot for the twin-cities of birds, 30 species of Reptiles and 30 species of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. It is open all round the Mohammed Dilawar of the Nature Forever Society that Butterflies. The park supports over 300 Peacocks year except Mondays. The undulating landscape of has been in the forefront of conserving house sparrows the Zoo provides a natural setting displayed in large across the country said, “This year, we want people to 2.MahavirHarinaVanasthali National Park: habitat-simulating enclosures.The Mir- Alam tank throw open their homes, welcome and make sparrows Uniqueness: The largest single green lung in covering nearly 600 acres attracts hundreds of part of their families.” “We do not intend to make it just a HyderabadCityharboring the State animal of Andhra migratory birds which is a special attraction. one-day event to raise public awareness about the Pradesh, the Black Buck. decline of the house sparrow and throw light on the Flora: Dry deciduous forest mixed with scrub jungle 2)Sri VenkateshwaraZoological Park: problems faced by the species in its daily fight for and grasslands. The terrain varies from hilly to gently It is located at Tirupati that abode Lord Venkateswara survival, but inspire people to take concrete steps.” rolling. Sandalwood, Rosewood, Palas, Amaltha, being visited by about 40,000 people daily. The Park is Albizzia, Accacias, Teak. developed with a spiritual theme. The Entrance Fauna: Panther, Black Buck, Cheetal, Wild Boar, depicts the incarnations of Almighty (Matsya, Kurma, The reasons for the house sparrows' slow but noticeable Civet, Porcupine, Peacock, 30 species of Reptiles and Varaha and Narasimhaavataras) provides an opening disappearance has been labelled as one of the biggest over 120 species of birds. to the new theme of the park. mysteries of recent times, he said. A leading newspaper in the United Kingdom - a country that has witnessed one 3. Mrugavani National Park 3)Indira Gandhi Zoological Park: of the biggest declines of the house sparrow population Uniqueness: A unique urban forest ecosystem Indira Gandhi Zoological Park is situated in supporting large ungulates likes Cheetal, Sambar, Visakhapatnam amidst the scenic Eastern Ghats of Protected Areas of Andhra Pradesh Wild Boars etc. presents the visitors a true experience India, flanked by hills on either side and Bay of Bengal of wilderness. on the east.Declared open to the public on 19th May M. Giridhar , P. K. Swain and B.L.N. Murty Flora: Southern tropical dry deciduous forests. The 1977. The park extends over an area of 625 acres that topography is undulating with rocky exposures of the help in conservation of critically endangered fauna ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, Deccan trap formation. The park is endowed with (Special attention on endemic fauna). species like Teak, Bamboo, Sandal, Ficus, Palas and Rela. Biosphere Reserve: Protected areas are those locations which receive ecosystem dynamics from degradation are Fauna: An urban refuge for large ungulates like protection because of their recognized natural, slightly more complex. Panther, Cheetal, Sambar, Wild Boar, Jungle Cat, Civet Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve: Ministry of ecological and/or cultural values. There are several Cat, Mongoose, Monitor Lizard, Python, Russell's Environment and Forests, GoI has designated kinds of protected areas, which vary by level of Viper, Cobra, Grey Partridge, Quail, and Butterflies. 4755.997 km2 of SeshachalamHillls as Biosphere protection depending on the enabling laws of each The protected areas of India cover 156,700 square Reserve in Chittoor and Kadapa districts of Andhra country or the regulations of the international kilometres (60,500 sq. mi), roughly 4.95% of the 4. Papikonda National Park: Pradesh in Deccan Peninsula Deccan south organizations involved. There are over 161,000 total surface area. Uniqueness: The sight of mighty Godavari biogeographic province, vide Letter No- protected areas in the world with more added daily, meandering through densely forested hills with deep F.No.18/02/2008-CS/BR dated20-09-2010. representing over 13 % of the world's land surface The protected areas found in India according to IUCN gorges & valleys provides an unforgettable experience. area. category National Parks, Wildlife Sanctauries, Flora: Dry deciduous Teak forest with Bamboo, This Bioshere Reserve covers an area of 750.589 sq. Biosphere Reserves, Reserve Forests, Community Terminalia, Pterocarpus, Cassia and other species km under Core zone, 1865.156 under Buffer zone and Designating special areas for protection is an Forests and Village forests. conforming to the Eastern Ghat vegetation. 2140.252 under Transition zone. Also houses many effective way of ensuring our wildlife and natural Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Gaur, Cheetal, Chowsingha, endangered and endemic flora and fauna. l a n d s c a p e s t o r e t a i n t h e i r i n d i v i d u a l National Park(IUCN Category II): India's first Sambar, Black Buck, Mouse Deer, Barking Deer, Sloth characteristics.Some areas are deemed of such National Park was HaileyNational Park, now Bear, Wild Dog, Hyena, Jackal, Wild Boar, Marsh Still some of the areas in Andhra Pradesh have good importance that they are formally designated under JimCorbettNational Park, established in 1935. By Crocodile and a variety of birds both resident and habitat which can conserved under protected areas various pieces of national and international 1970, India had 5 National Parks; today it has migratory. like: Gudem-Marripakala and Sapparla– in legislation. Protected areas are designated with the over 90. 5. Rajiv Gandhi National Park: This sanctuary Visakhapatnam district, Salur–in Vijayanagaram objective of conserving biodiversity and providing stretches along the banks of river Krishna, Nagarjuna District and Viragatum- in Srikakulum District. an indicator for the conservation's progress, but the Sagar and Srisailam. (See NSTR which includes extent to which they defend resources and RajivGandhi National Park) 2 7 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 12. Nellapatu Wildlife Sanctuary: 17. Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary: Animal Sanctuary(IUCN Category IV): Private protected areas: These are regions which Uniqueness: The largest breeding ground for the Grey Uniqueness: The only habitat in the State for the rare are owned by an individual or an organization / Pelicans. The Pelicans can be watched in their nests and highly endangered Great Indian Bustard. India has over 500 animal sanctuaries, referred to corporation not affiliated to the government or a from a few feet away. Flora: Open dry grassland interspersed with thorny as Wildlife Sanctuaries. Among these, 28 are communal body. Even though Indian legislation Flora: A fresh water tank with Barringtonia tree bushes. governed by Project Tiger, and are of special does not provide for protection of such areas, providing nesting ground for Pelicans, also has Babul, Fauna: Great Indian Bustard, Black Buck, Wolf, Jackal, significance in the conservation of the tiger. Some some NGOs are using land trusts to help in the Psosopis, Ipomea. Bonnet Monkey, Russell 's viper and Cobra. wildlife sanctuaries are specifically named Bird conservation effort, and providing limited means Fauna: Grey Pelican, Open Bill Stork, Spoon Bill, Sanctuary, e.g. Keoladeo National Park before it of protection. White Ibis, Night Heron, Cormorant, Teals, Ducks etc. 18. Sivaram Wildlife Sanctuary: attained National Park status. Many National Villagers of Nelapattu offer full protection to these Uniqueness: A perennial basin in GodavariRiver, Parks were initially Wildlife Sanctuaries. Conservation areas: Conservation areas are large, birds. home for Marsh Crocodile or Mugger. well-designated geographical entities where Flora: Riverine forest mixed with Teak, Terminalia, Biosphere Reserve(UNESCO designation landscape conservation is undergoing, and 13. Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary: Bamboo, Anogeissus and Cassia. corresponding to IUCN Category V): usually contains different kinds of constituent Uniqueness: A large scenic lake in the middle of the Fauna: Flagship species is the Marsh Crocodile with protected areas, as well as privately owned land. forests adds beauty to the area. Tiger, Langur, Rhesus Monkey, Sloth Bear, Cheetal, The Indian government has also established Flora: Dry deciduous Teak forest with Bamboo, Sambar as other associates in the adjoining forests. Biosphere reserves, which protect larger areas of Protected areas of Andhra Pradesh. Mohua, Terminalia and Pterocarpus. natural habitat, and often include one or more Geographically Andhra Pradesh stands as the fifth Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Gaur, Sambar, Cheetal, Nilgai, 19. Sri Lanka Malleshwara Wildlife Sanctuary: national parks and/or preserves, along buffer largest state in India with the longest coastline Wild Boar, Sloth Bear, Wild Dog, Hyena, Jackal, Fox Uniqueness: The only habitat in the world harbouring zones that are open to some economic uses. stretching over 1000 Kms. The State is bestowed and migratory Birds like Duck, Teal, Ibis, Stork and the Jerdon's Courser a highly endangered bird. with two mighty river systems of Krishna and Cormorant. Flora: Dry deciduous mixed thorn forests with deep Reserved Forest and Protected Forest(IUCN Godavari. The State has wide and varied gorges and steep slopes. Red Sanders, an endemic Category IV or VI, depending on protection vegetation types enriched by a variety of flora and 14. PocharamWildlife Sanctuary: species is found here. accorded): fauna. Andhra Pradesh being located strategically Uniqueness: The vast Pocharam Lake adjoining the Fauna: Panther, Sloth Bear, Cheetal, Sambar, in the central region of the Indian sub-continent Pocharam Sanctuary makes it a place worth visiting. Chowsingha, Chinkara, Nilgai, Wild Boar, Fox and the These are forested lands where logging, hunting, has representatives of the magnificent Indian Flora: Mixed dry deciduous forest with patches of Jerdon's Courser. grazing and other activities may be permitted on a plant & animal life. It's varied topography scrub and grassy plains. Terrain undulating with low sustainable basis to members of certain ranging from the hills of Eastern Ghats and hills and small water pools. 20. SriPeninsulaNarasimha Wildlife Sanctuary: communities. In reserved forests, explicit Nallamallas to the shores of Bay of Bengal Fauna: Panther, Sloth Bear, Wild Boar, Uniqueness: This sanctuary comprises a unique forest permission is required for such activities. In supports varied ecotypes, which in turn support a Cheetal,Sambar, Nilgai, Chowsingha, Chinkara, type viz. the dry evergreen forests. Hilly slopes, rolling protected forests, such activities are allowed rich diversity of flora & fauna. The forest in the Hyena, Jackal, Python, Ducks, Teals, Storks forested areas and low valleys make this place worth unless explicitly prohibited. Thus, in general state can broadly be divided into four major biotic Partridges and Quails. visiting reserved forests enjoy a higher degree of provinces. Flora: Dry evergreen forest type with species like protection with respect to protected forests. 15. PranahitaWildife Sanctuary: A c a c i a , C a s s i a a n d P o n g a m i a e t c . Andhra Pradesh has a network of 21 Wildlife Uniqueness: PranahitaRiver, one of the tributaries of Fauna: Panther, Cheetal, Nilgai, Chowsingha, Sloth Conservation Reserve and Community Sanctuaries and 6 National Parks covering an area of mighty Godavari, abuts this Sanctuary on its east. It is Bear, Jackal, Wild Boar, large number of Reptile and Reserve(IUCN Category V and VI respectively): 12,579.205 Km2. or 4.57 % of the geographical area of the home for the endangered Black Buck, Chinkara Bird species. the state. and Wolf. These are places adjoining to existing PAs, which Flora: Dry deciduous and riverine forests along river 21. Sri Venkateshwara Sanctaury& National Park are of ecological value and can act as migration Pranahitawith Teak, Bamboo, Terminalias and Uniqueness: Comprises the Seshachalam hill ranges corridors, or buffer zone. Conservation reserves Anogeisus etc. with the abode of Lord Venkateshwara in its midst. It are designated government owned land from Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Cheetal, Black supports many endemic and highly endangered flora where communities may earn subsistence, while Buck, Nilgai, Chinkara, a variety of aquatic Birds & and fauna. c o m m u n i t y r e s e r v e s a r e o n m i x e d Reptiles. Flora: Dry deciduous mixed forest with patches of government/private lands. Community reserves 16. Pulicat Wildlife Sanctuary: moist deciduous forests in the valleys. Some of the rare are the only privately held land accorded Uniqueness: The second largest brackish water Eco and endemic plant species like Red Sanders, protection by the Government of India. System in the Country supporting the largest Sandalwood,Shoreatalura, Shoreathumburggaia, congregation of Flamingos in the State. T e r m i n a l i a p a l l i d a , C y c a s b e d d o m e i , Village Forest and Panchayat Forest(IUCN Flora: A vast coastal shallow, brackish water lake Syzygiumalternifolium, Psilotumnudam occur in this Category VI): along the coast of Bay of Bengal into which several area. fresh water streams drain. Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Sambar, Cheetal, These are forested lands administered by a village Fauna: The back waters attract large congregation of Mouse Deer, Barking Deer, Chowsingha, Wild Boar, or a Panchayat on a sustainable basis, with the Greater and Lesser Flamingos, Grey Pelican, Wild Dog, Hyena, Jackal, Fox, Civet Cat, Jungle Cat, habitat, flora and fauna being accorded some Painted Stork, Spoon Bills, Grey Heron, Ducks rare and endangered Golden Gecko, Slender Loris, degree of protection by the managing community. Map of Andhra Pradesh showing protected areas Teals,Terns, Herons, Gull and a number of waders. Indian Giant Squirrel, Tree Shrew and Flying Lizard. 6 3 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012

1.Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary: 6. Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary: 2

Uniqueness: The largest patch of Mangrove forests in Uniqueness: One of the richest Teak forests in the State, Sl.No Protected Areas District Area in Km the State with more than 65 mangroves and associate with dense pristine areas free of human disturbance. The Sanctuary species. It is a home for the rare, endangered Smooth River Kadiam flows through this area. 1 Coringa East Godavari 235.70 Indian Otter, Fishing Cat and Estuarine Crocodile. Flora: Dry Deciduous Teak Forests mixed with Flora: The Sanctuary in the estuary of river Godavari Bamboo, Terminalia, Pterocarpus, Anogeisus and 2 Eturnaguram Warangal 803 supports rich mangrove vegetation with species like Cassia. 3 Gundla Brahmeswaram Kurnool & Prakasam 1194 Rhizophora, Avicennia, Sonneratia and Aegiceras Fauna: Flagship species is Tiger. Also has Panther, 4 KambalaKonda Visakhapatnam 70.70 Fauna: Otter, Fishing Cat, Jackal, Marine Turtle and Gaur, Cheetal, Sambar, Nilgai, Barking Deer, 5 Kaudinya ( Project Elephant) Chittoor 357.60 Chowsingha, Mouse Deer, Sloth Bear, a variety of Birds Estuarine Crocodile. Most common birds are Se 6 Kawal Adilabad 893 Gulls, Storks, Herons, Snipes, Ducks and Flamingos. and Reptiles. 7 Kinnerasani Khammam 635.40 2. Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary: 7. Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary: 8 Kolleru West Godavari 308.55 Uniqueness: Rolling country with low hills on banks Uniqueness: The picturesque KinnerasaniLake with 9 Krishna Krishna and Guntur 194.81 of Godavari. The dense Forests are home for the largest densely forested islands in the middle makes a breath 10 Manjira Medak 20 Gaur populations in the state. taking sight. 11 Nagarjuna-Srisailam Tiger Reserve Gtr, Prkm, Krl, Mhbr, Nlga 3568 Flora: Dry deciduous TeakForest & Riverine Forest Flora: Dry deciduous Teak forest with Bamboo, 12 Nellapattu Nellore 4.58 with Bamboo, Pterocarpus, Anogeissus an Buchanania Terminalias, Anogeissus and Cassia Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Gaur, Sambar, Cheetal, Nilgai, Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Gaur, Cheetal, Chinkara, 13 Pakhal Warangal 860.20 Black Buck, Chowsingha, Barking Deer, Wild Boar, Chowsingha, Sambar, Wild Boar, Wild Dog, Hyena, 14 Pocharam Medak& Nizamabad 129.84 Wolf, Jackal, Fox, Jungle Cat and a variety of Birds. Jackal, Sloth Bear and a variety of ground nesting and 15 Pranahita Adilabad 136.02 aquatic birds. The Kinnerasani lake and water pools 3. Gundla Brahmeshwar Wildlife Sanctuary: harbour Marsh Crocodile. 16 Pulicat Nellore 500 Uniqueness: The pristine forests of Nallamalai tract, 17 Rollapadu Kurnool 6.14 rich in plants of Ethno-Botanical values and most 8. Kolleru Wildlife Sanctuary: 18 Sivaram Adilabad &Karimnagar 29.81 scenic forest areas. Uniqueness: Largest fresh water lake in the Country. It Flora: Mixed deciduous forest of Teak, Pterocarpus, is one of the Ramsar convention wetland sites. 19 Sri Lanka Malleshwara Cuddapah 464.42 Terminalia, Albizia, Anogeisus, Dalbergia, Boswellia, Flora: A fresh water wetland habitat with Ipomea, 20 SriPeninsulaNarasimha Nellore 1030.85 Eichornia, Reeds and Tall grasses. Shisham, Andug& Bamboo. Gundlakamma perennial 21 Sri VenkateshwaraSanctaury Chittoor & Cuddapah 172.35 river passes criss-cross through the sanctuary on its Fauna: Water birds like Garganys, Teals, Pochards, eastern parts. Spot Bills, Brahminy Ducks, Open Bill Storks, Herons, National Parks Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Wild Dog, Hyena, occasionally Flamingos and Grey Pelicans. 1 Kasu Brahmananda ReddyNational Park Hyderabad 1.425 Jungle Cat, Langur, Bonnet Monkey, Pangolin, 2 Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park Hyderabad 14.59 Sambar, Nilgai, Chowsingha, Chinkara, Mouse Deer, 9.Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary: 3 Mrugavani National Park Hyderabad 3.60 Monitor Lizard, Python and Marsh Crocodile. Uniqueness: Mangrove forests with unique flora & 4 Papikonda National Park E.Godavari,W.Godavari,Khammam 591 fauna. 5 Rajiv Gandhi ---- 2.3 4. Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary: Flora: The Sanctuary supports rich mangrove Uniqueness: Large and sprawling greenery around the vegetation with plants like Rhizophora, Avicennia, 6 Sri Venkateshwara National Park Chittoor & Cuddapah 353.62 VizagCity harbouring diverse flora & fauna. Sonneratia and Aegiceras. Zoological Parks Flora: Dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and Fauna: Fishing Cat, Otter, Jackal, Estuarine Crocodile 1 Indira Gandhi Zoological Park Visakhapatnam 2.53 meadows. Terrain hilly with steep slopes. and a variety of local and migratory birds. 2 Nehru Zoolgical Park Hyderabad 625 Fauna: Panthers, Spotted Deers, Sambar, Barking 3 Sri Venkateshwara Zoological Park Tirupati 400 Deer, Wild Boar, Jackal, Wild Dog etc. 10. Manjira Wildlife Sanctuary: Uniqueness: A man made reservoir, which is a haven for Biosphere Reserve 5. Kaudinya Wildlife Sanctuary: aquatic birds, Marsh Crocodiles. Lifeline to Hyderabad 1 Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve Chitoor 4755.997 Uniqueness: This is the only Elephant Reserve in the City supplying drinking water. State to which Elephants have returned after 20 years. Flora: Fresh water Eco-System with species like 11. Nagarjuna-Srisailam Tiger Reserve: Flora: Southern tropical dry deciduous and thorn Ipomea, Babool, Prosopis, Vallisnaria, Eichornia and Uniqueness: Largest Tiger reserve in India spreading over 5 Districts with river Krishna flowing through the forests consisting of Albizia, Acacia, Lagerstroemia, Reeds. reserve presenting some breathtaking sights with hills, valleys and deep gorges. Ficus and Bamboo. Fauna: Riverine habitat supporting Marsh Crocodile, Flora: Dry deciduous mixed forests along river Krishna with Teak, Bamboo, Terminilias, Hardwickias, Fauna: Indian Elephant, Sloth Bear, Panther, fresh water Turtles and a variety of aquatic birds like Anogeissus and hundreds of medicinal plants. Cheetal, Chowsingha, Sambar, Porcupine, Wild Boar, Herons, Storks, Teals, Ducks, Geese, King Fishers, Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Wild Dog, Jackal, Wolf, Fox, Ratel, Indian Giant Squirrel, Tree Shrew, Jungle Cat, Jackal, Jungle Fowl, Starred Tortoise and Moon Hens, Jacanas and Kites, Cheetal, Mouse Deer, Black Buck, Sambar, Chowsingha, Nilgai, Wild Boar, Mugger Crocodile, Rock Python Slender Loris. and Peafowl. 4 5 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 12. Nellapatu Wildlife Sanctuary: 17. Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary: Animal Sanctuary(IUCN Category IV): Private protected areas: These are regions which Uniqueness: The largest breeding ground for the Grey Uniqueness: The only habitat in the State for the rare are owned by an individual or an organization / Pelicans. The Pelicans can be watched in their nests and highly endangered Great Indian Bustard. India has over 500 animal sanctuaries, referred to corporation not affiliated to the government or a from a few feet away. Flora: Open dry grassland interspersed with thorny as Wildlife Sanctuaries. Among these, 28 are communal body. Even though Indian legislation Flora: A fresh water tank with Barringtonia tree bushes. governed by Project Tiger, and are of special does not provide for protection of such areas, providing nesting ground for Pelicans, also has Babul, Fauna: Great Indian Bustard, Black Buck, Wolf, Jackal, significance in the conservation of the tiger. Some some NGOs are using land trusts to help in the Psosopis, Ipomea. Bonnet Monkey, Russell 's viper and Cobra. wildlife sanctuaries are specifically named Bird conservation effort, and providing limited means Fauna: Grey Pelican, Open Bill Stork, Spoon Bill, Sanctuary, e.g. Keoladeo National Park before it of protection. White Ibis, Night Heron, Cormorant, Teals, Ducks etc. 18. Sivaram Wildlife Sanctuary: attained National Park status. Many National Villagers of Nelapattu offer full protection to these Uniqueness: A perennial basin in GodavariRiver, Parks were initially Wildlife Sanctuaries. Conservation areas: Conservation areas are large, birds. home for Marsh Crocodile or Mugger. well-designated geographical entities where Flora: Riverine forest mixed with Teak, Terminalia, Biosphere Reserve(UNESCO designation landscape conservation is undergoing, and 13. Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary: Bamboo, Anogeissus and Cassia. corresponding to IUCN Category V): usually contains different kinds of constituent Uniqueness: A large scenic lake in the middle of the Fauna: Flagship species is the Marsh Crocodile with protected areas, as well as privately owned land. forests adds beauty to the area. Tiger, Langur, Rhesus Monkey, Sloth Bear, Cheetal, The Indian government has also established Flora: Dry deciduous Teak forest with Bamboo, Sambar as other associates in the adjoining forests. Biosphere reserves, which protect larger areas of Protected areas of Andhra Pradesh. Mohua, Terminalia and Pterocarpus. natural habitat, and often include one or more Geographically Andhra Pradesh stands as the fifth Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Gaur, Sambar, Cheetal, Nilgai, 19. Sri Lanka Malleshwara Wildlife Sanctuary: national parks and/or preserves, along buffer largest state in India with the longest coastline Wild Boar, Sloth Bear, Wild Dog, Hyena, Jackal, Fox Uniqueness: The only habitat in the world harbouring zones that are open to some economic uses. stretching over 1000 Kms. The State is bestowed and migratory Birds like Duck, Teal, Ibis, Stork and the Jerdon's Courser a highly endangered bird. with two mighty river systems of Krishna and Cormorant. Flora: Dry deciduous mixed thorn forests with deep Reserved Forest and Protected Forest(IUCN Godavari. The State has wide and varied gorges and steep slopes. Red Sanders, an endemic Category IV or VI, depending on protection vegetation types enriched by a variety of flora and 14. PocharamWildlife Sanctuary: species is found here. accorded): fauna. Andhra Pradesh being located strategically Uniqueness: The vast Pocharam Lake adjoining the Fauna: Panther, Sloth Bear, Cheetal, Sambar, in the central region of the Indian sub-continent Pocharam Sanctuary makes it a place worth visiting. Chowsingha, Chinkara, Nilgai, Wild Boar, Fox and the These are forested lands where logging, hunting, has representatives of the magnificent Indian Flora: Mixed dry deciduous forest with patches of Jerdon's Courser. grazing and other activities may be permitted on a plant & animal life. It's varied topography scrub and grassy plains. Terrain undulating with low sustainable basis to members of certain ranging from the hills of Eastern Ghats and hills and small water pools. 20. SriPeninsulaNarasimha Wildlife Sanctuary: communities. In reserved forests, explicit Nallamallas to the shores of Bay of Bengal Fauna: Panther, Sloth Bear, Wild Boar, Uniqueness: This sanctuary comprises a unique forest permission is required for such activities. In supports varied ecotypes, which in turn support a Cheetal,Sambar, Nilgai, Chowsingha, Chinkara, type viz. the dry evergreen forests. Hilly slopes, rolling protected forests, such activities are allowed rich diversity of flora & fauna. The forest in the Hyena, Jackal, Python, Ducks, Teals, Storks forested areas and low valleys make this place worth unless explicitly prohibited. Thus, in general state can broadly be divided into four major biotic Partridges and Quails. visiting reserved forests enjoy a higher degree of provinces. Flora: Dry evergreen forest type with species like protection with respect to protected forests. 15. PranahitaWildife Sanctuary: A c a c i a , C a s s i a a n d P o n g a m i a e t c . Andhra Pradesh has a network of 21 Wildlife Uniqueness: PranahitaRiver, one of the tributaries of Fauna: Panther, Cheetal, Nilgai, Chowsingha, Sloth Conservation Reserve and Community Sanctuaries and 6 National Parks covering an area of mighty Godavari, abuts this Sanctuary on its east. It is Bear, Jackal, Wild Boar, large number of Reptile and Reserve(IUCN Category V and VI respectively): 12,579.205 Km2. or 4.57 % of the geographical area of the home for the endangered Black Buck, Chinkara Bird species. the state. and Wolf. These are places adjoining to existing PAs, which Flora: Dry deciduous and riverine forests along river 21. Sri Venkateshwara Sanctaury& National Park are of ecological value and can act as migration Pranahitawith Teak, Bamboo, Terminalias and Uniqueness: Comprises the Seshachalam hill ranges corridors, or buffer zone. Conservation reserves Anogeisus etc. with the abode of Lord Venkateshwara in its midst. It are designated government owned land from Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Cheetal, Black supports many endemic and highly endangered flora where communities may earn subsistence, while Buck, Nilgai, Chinkara, a variety of aquatic Birds & and fauna. c o m m u n i t y r e s e r v e s a r e o n m i x e d Reptiles. Flora: Dry deciduous mixed forest with patches of government/private lands. Community reserves 16. Pulicat Wildlife Sanctuary: moist deciduous forests in the valleys. Some of the rare are the only privately held land accorded Uniqueness: The second largest brackish water Eco and endemic plant species like Red Sanders, protection by the Government of India. System in the Country supporting the largest Sandalwood,Shoreatalura, Shoreathumburggaia, congregation of Flamingos in the State. T e r m i n a l i a p a l l i d a , C y c a s b e d d o m e i , Village Forest and Panchayat Forest(IUCN Flora: A vast coastal shallow, brackish water lake Syzygiumalternifolium, Psilotumnudam occur in this Category VI): along the coast of Bay of Bengal into which several area. fresh water streams drain. Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear, Sambar, Cheetal, These are forested lands administered by a village Fauna: The back waters attract large congregation of Mouse Deer, Barking Deer, Chowsingha, Wild Boar, or a Panchayat on a sustainable basis, with the Greater and Lesser Flamingos, Grey Pelican, Wild Dog, Hyena, Jackal, Fox, Civet Cat, Jungle Cat, habitat, flora and fauna being accorded some Painted Stork, Spoon Bills, Grey Heron, Ducks rare and endangered Golden Gecko, Slender Loris, degree of protection by the managing community. Map of Andhra Pradesh showing protected areas Teals,Terns, Herons, Gull and a number of waders. Indian Giant Squirrel, Tree Shrew and Flying Lizard. 6 3 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012 World Sparrow Day National Parks 6. Sri Venkateshwara National Park: (See Sri 1.KasuBrahmananda Reddy National Park. Venkateswar WLS which include Sri Venkateswara Uniqueness: A concrete jungle in HyderabadCity National Park) World Sparrow Day (WSD) is not just a one-day event in recent times - declared a cash prize to anyone who supporting verdant forest with diverse flora & fauna. to celebrate the ubiquitous, but fast-disappearing could solve the mystery. Needless to say, the reward Flora: Southern tropical dry deciduous forest that Zooloical Parks sparrow, but an attempt to bring sparrow lovers and remains unclaimed, he added. ncludes species like Teak, Sandalwood, Neem, Babul, 1)Nehru Zoological park: nature supporters on a common platform, and to kick Palas and Ficus etc. NehruZoolgicalPark was declared open to the public start a conservation movement to save the common Fauna: Porcupine, Jungle Cat, Small Indian Civet, on 6th October, 1963. The zoo spreads over 400 acres flora and fauna of the world. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/articl Pangolin, Mongoose, Wild Boar, over 130 species of e2961102.ece and is the premier picnic spot for the twin-cities of birds, 30 species of Reptiles and 30 species of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. It is open all round the Mohammed Dilawar of the Nature Forever Society that Butterflies. The park supports over 300 Peacocks year except Mondays. The undulating landscape of has been in the forefront of conserving house sparrows the Zoo provides a natural setting displayed in large across the country said, “This year, we want people to 2.MahavirHarinaVanasthali National Park: habitat-simulating enclosures.The Mir- Alam tank throw open their homes, welcome and make sparrows Uniqueness: The largest single green lung in covering nearly 600 acres attracts hundreds of part of their families.” “We do not intend to make it just a HyderabadCityharboring the State animal of Andhra migratory birds which is a special attraction. one-day event to raise public awareness about the Pradesh, the Black Buck. decline of the house sparrow and throw light on the Flora: Dry deciduous forest mixed with scrub jungle 2)Sri VenkateshwaraZoological Park: problems faced by the species in its daily fight for and grasslands. The terrain varies from hilly to gently It is located at Tirupati that abode Lord Venkateswara survival, but inspire people to take concrete steps.” rolling. Sandalwood, Rosewood, Palas, Amaltha, being visited by about 40,000 people daily. The Park is Albizzia, Accacias, Teak. developed with a spiritual theme. The Entrance Fauna: Panther, Black Buck, Cheetal, Wild Boar, depicts the incarnations of Almighty (Matsya, Kurma, The reasons for the house sparrows' slow but noticeable Civet, Porcupine, Peacock, 30 species of Reptiles and Varaha and Narasimhaavataras) provides an opening disappearance has been labelled as one of the biggest over 120 species of birds. to the new theme of the park. mysteries of recent times, he said. A leading newspaper in the United Kingdom - a country that has witnessed one 3. Mrugavani National Park 3)Indira Gandhi Zoological Park: of the biggest declines of the house sparrow population Uniqueness: A unique urban forest ecosystem Indira Gandhi Zoological Park is situated in supporting large ungulates likes Cheetal, Sambar, Visakhapatnam amidst the scenic Eastern Ghats of Protected Areas of Andhra Pradesh Wild Boars etc. presents the visitors a true experience India, flanked by hills on either side and Bay of Bengal of wilderness. on the east.Declared open to the public on 19th May M. Giridhar , P. K. Swain and B.L.N. Murty Flora: Southern tropical dry deciduous forests. The 1977. The park extends over an area of 625 acres that topography is undulating with rocky exposures of the help in conservation of critically endangered fauna ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TRAINING AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, Deccan trap formation. The park is endowed with (Special attention on endemic fauna). species like Teak, Bamboo, Sandal, Ficus, Palas and Rela. Biosphere Reserve: Protected areas are those locations which receive ecosystem dynamics from degradation are Fauna: An urban refuge for large ungulates like protection because of their recognized natural, slightly more complex. Panther, Cheetal, Sambar, Wild Boar, Jungle Cat, Civet Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve: Ministry of ecological and/or cultural values. There are several Cat, Mongoose, Monitor Lizard, Python, Russell's Environment and Forests, GoI has designated kinds of protected areas, which vary by level of Viper, Cobra, Grey Partridge, Quail, and Butterflies. 4755.997 km2 of SeshachalamHillls as Biosphere protection depending on the enabling laws of each The protected areas of India cover 156,700 square Reserve in Chittoor and Kadapa districts of Andhra country or the regulations of the international kilometres (60,500 sq. mi), roughly 4.95% of the 4. Papikonda National Park: Pradesh in Deccan Peninsula Deccan south organizations involved. There are over 161,000 total surface area. Uniqueness: The sight of mighty Godavari biogeographic province, vide Letter No- protected areas in the world with more added daily, meandering through densely forested hills with deep F.No.18/02/2008-CS/BR dated20-09-2010. representing over 13 % of the world's land surface The protected areas found in India according to IUCN gorges & valleys provides an unforgettable experience. area. category National Parks, Wildlife Sanctauries, Flora: Dry deciduous Teak forest with Bamboo, This Bioshere Reserve covers an area of 750.589 sq. Biosphere Reserves, Reserve Forests, Community Terminalia, Pterocarpus, Cassia and other species km under Core zone, 1865.156 under Buffer zone and Designating special areas for protection is an Forests and Village forests. conforming to the Eastern Ghat vegetation. 2140.252 under Transition zone. Also houses many effective way of ensuring our wildlife and natural Fauna: Tiger, Panther, Gaur, Cheetal, Chowsingha, endangered and endemic flora and fauna. l a n d s c a p e s t o r e t a i n t h e i r i n d i v i d u a l National Park(IUCN Category II): India's first Sambar, Black Buck, Mouse Deer, Barking Deer, Sloth characteristics.Some areas are deemed of such National Park was HaileyNational Park, now Bear, Wild Dog, Hyena, Jackal, Wild Boar, Marsh Still some of the areas in Andhra Pradesh have good importance that they are formally designated under JimCorbettNational Park, established in 1935. By Crocodile and a variety of birds both resident and habitat which can conserved under protected areas various pieces of national and international 1970, India had 5 National Parks; today it has migratory. like: Gudem-Marripakala and Sapparla– in legislation. Protected areas are designated with the over 90. 5. Rajiv Gandhi National Park: This sanctuary Visakhapatnam district, Salur–in Vijayanagaram objective of conserving biodiversity and providing stretches along the banks of river Krishna, Nagarjuna District and Viragatum- in Srikakulum District. an indicator for the conservation's progress, but the Sagar and Srisailam. (See NSTR which includes extent to which they defend resources and RajivGandhi National Park) 2 7 Paryavaranam:EPTRI - ENVIS Newsletter Vol.6, No.1, 2012