!"##$%&''&(()$##*((+&,"'$-&((.,&$((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((! !
! .(/$'"01$#(+&,"'$-&(.,&$()&$*"2"#"'3((4'563!
!
!!!!!!! ! !
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ((((7,6(89.):(;((.5-5*'(<=>7!!!!!!! !" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" "
!
" " " !?@@.AB::B().@@4(( +B9?:.CB(.9B.( ( .(/$'"01$#(+&,"'$-&(.,&$(( )&$*"2"#"'3(4'563(( " " " " " " " " " " .5-5*'(<=>7( ! 7,6(89.):((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( (
#" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " "#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!.,'%!/0%$#(#01! ! 23.45!3)!5647/8349!:;<<=<>! .$#?'!@0,,#*A!B,'*#C'1(!!=!)23453!&6723!28!935:2;!<=>7! D0CE!/%,*01A!F#?'!B,'*#C'1(!!=!!<=>7!<2?;@=A23B!"5C>!$=;;! D#&!G%((#*A!9'?,'(%,E!!=!D35C=E5;>B!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!)2?;E6>=2;! /H',E$!910IA!8,'%*J,',!!=!!!'F5@?>=G5!1=35@>23B!
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
%" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " ((!/!01234!(5166)78(( ( !"##$%&''&()$##*(+&,"'$-&($,&$( ǯ ( ( 3J,!B,0?'**!!! "5!6A356E7!H;5Q!Q5!I6E!6!?;=Y?5!6;E!CJ5@=6A!A6;EC@6J5!6;E!I=C>237!I535!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AACS!!*2!QI5;!6!A63:5! :32?J!28!=;>535C>5E!@=>=R5;C!L5:6;!455>=;:!=;!TUUZ!>2!C>36>5:=R5!Q67C!>2!H=@HWC>63>!5@2;24=@!E5G5A2J45;>B! J35C53G6>=2;!28!E=4=;=CI=;:!I53=>6:5!A2@6>=2;CB!6;E!C?JJ23>!28!C>3?::A=;:!4?C5?4C!6;E!=;>53J35>=G5!C=>5CB!>I57! E=C@2G535E!6!I535>28235!?;I563E!28!@2;@5J>[!!6!;6>=2;6A!I53=>6:5!6356S!!0J2;!8?3>I53!C>?E7B!>I57!356A=R5E!>I57! I6E!6!;6>=2;6AA7!E=C>=;@>=G5!A6;EC@6J5!6;E!?;=Y?5!;6>=2;6A!C>237!>2!>5AAS!!(I57!L5:6;!35C563@I=;:!>I5!J2CC=L=A=>=5C! 28!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!\M+%]!E5C=:;6>=2;S!!! ! %8>53!82?3!7563C!28!C>?E7B!J?LA=@!2?>356@IB!35C563@I!K!=;G5;>237B!6;E!23:6;=R6>=2;WL?=AE=;:B!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC! +53=>6:5!%356!<26A=>=2;!\")+%<]!E5>534=;5E!>I6>!>I5!@2AA5@>=2;!28!I53=>6:5!86@=A=>=5C!6;E!C=>5CB!2JJ23>?;=>=5C!823! 5E?@6>=2;!6;E!=;>53J35>6>=2;B!J2C=>=G5!J?LA=@!6;E!J3=G6>5!C?JJ23>B!J2>5;>=6A!8=;6;@=6A!35C2?3@5CB!6;E!;6>=2;6AA7! C=:;=8=@6;>!>I545CB!6@>=G=>=5C!6;E!C>23=5C!5F=C>=;:!Q=>I=;!>I5!J32J2C5E!L2?;E637!!635!=E56AA7!C?=>5E!823!M+%! E5C=:;6>=2;S!!!(I5!G6C>!46X23=>7!28!5F=C>=;:!I53=>6:5!35C2?3@5C!635!@?335;>A7!?;@2;;5@>5EB!@2;>6=;5E!=;C=E5!6! C=;:A5!X?3=CE=@>=2;6A!L2?;E637B!28>5;!C>3?::A=;:!823!C?3G=G6AB!6;E!?;6LA5!>2!C?C>6=;!G=C=>23!5FJ5@>6>=2;C!23!A2;:! >534!463H5>=;:S!!(2:5>I53!>I57!>5AA!>I5!C>237!28!%453=@6;!'FJ6;C=2;B!*5>>A545;>!6>!>I5!';E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A! 6;E!>I5!.=3>I!28!#;E?C>37!=;!>I5!%453=@6;!"5C>S!!! ! ")+%534=;5E!>2!C?@@5CC8?AA7!46;6:5!6!+53=>6:5!%356!6;E!Q23H!>2!L3=;:!>I=C!;6>=2;6AA7!E=C>=;@>=G5!C>237! >2:5>I53B!>I32?:I!@22J536>=G5!G5;>?35CB!C>36>5:=@!82@?CB!6;E!J63>;53CI=JC!Q=>I!J?LA=@!6;E!J3=G6>5!5;>=>=5C!Q=>I=;! >I5!L2?;E63=5CS!!")+%!>I5!@3=>53=6!823!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;B!6C!CI2Q;!Q=>I=;!>I=C!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7! E2@?45;>S! ! 3J,!20J1C%,#'*!!! (I5!J32J2C5E!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M+%!\6L2?>!T^!CY?635!4=A5C]!=;@A?E5C!>I5!35C2?3@5W3=@I!=;E?C>3=6A!6356C!6A2;:!>I5! "=AA645>>5!,=G53!8324!>I5!42?>I!28!>I5!(?6A6>=;!>2!>I5!42?>I!28!>I5!
&" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " dŽƵŶĚĞƌƐƚĂŶĚ͚ǁŚLJŝƚŚĂƉƉĞŶĞĚŚĞƌĞ͕͛ŝƚŚĞůƉƐƚŽŬŶŽǁƚŚĂƚƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ!ǁĂƐƐĐƵůƉƚĞĚďLJƐŽŵĞŽĨĞĂƌƚŚ͛ƐŵŽƐƚ @6>6@A7C4=@!8A22ECB!63=C=;:!8324!>I5!3?J>?3=;:!28!6!A6H5!=;!&2;>6;6!>I5!C=R5!28!>I5!C>6>5!28!935:2;B!6L2?>!V_BUUUW VTBUUU!7563C!6:2S!(I5C5!Q6AAC!28!Q6>53B!@6AA5E!>I5!&=CC2?A6!)A22EC!23!#@5!%:5!)A22ECB!35CI6J5E!>I5!"=AA645>>5! O6AA57!6;E!E5J2C=>5E!=>C!A5:5;E637!853>=A5!C2=ACS!!(I5!8A22EC!A58>!I23C5CI25WCI6J5E!"=AA645>>5!)6AACB!>I5!L=:!@I=58! ͞ŚLJĂƐƚLJĞĞƚƵŵǁĂƚĂ͟!6;E!>I5!@5;>53J=5@5!28!2?3!I53=>6:5!6356S! ! 9?3!C>237!82@?C5C!632?;E!>I5!Q6>5386AAS!!dŚĞ&ĂůůƐ͛ĚŝƐƚŝŶĐƚŝǀĞŐĞŽůŽŐLJ͕ǁĂƚĞƌƉŽǁĞƌĂŶĚƵŶƵƐƵĂůĂďƵŶĚĂŶĐĞĨŝƌƐƚ ůƵƌĞĚŐĞŶĞƌĂƚŝŽŶƐŽĨƚƌŝďĞƐĂŶĚďĂŶĚƐǁŚŽƐƵƐƚĂŝŶĞĚEĂƚƵƌĞ͛ƐďĂůĂŶĐĞǁŚŝůĞŚĂƌǀĞƐƚŝŶŐƐĂůŵŽŶĂŶĚWĂĐŝĨŝĐ A64J357S!!(I5=3!6;@5C>23C!C>=AA!8=CI!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!>2E67S!!! ! "I5;!@24J5>=;:!;6>=2;C!E=C@2G535E!>I5!4=AE!@A=46>5B!Q6>53!J2Q53B!6;E!J324=C5!28!JA5;>7B!>I5!36@5!823!A6;E! @2;>32A!L5:6;S!.?>!L5@6?C5!28!>I5!Y?6;>=>7!28!C5>>A53C!6;E!@244?;=>7WL?=AE=;:!6@>=G=>=5C!632?;E!>I5!)6AACA!%!1'I! ŶĂƚŝŽŶ͛ƐďŽƵŶĚĂƌŝĞƐǁĞƌĞƐĞĐƵƌĞĚʹ!6;E!>I=C!G6C>!A6;E!L5@645!%453=@6;!WW!6;E!;2>!)35;@IB!,?CC=6;B!*J6;=CI!23! .3=>=CIS! ! /ƚǁĂƐDĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĞƐƚŝŶLJ͘/ƚǁĂƐƚŚĞŝŵƉĞƌŝĂůŝƐƚŝĐǀŝĞǁŚĞůĚďLJƐŽŵĞŝŶƚŚĞĞĂƌůLJϭϴϬϬ͛ƐƚŚĂƚŝƚǁĂƐŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛Ɛ'ŽĚW :=G5;!3=:I>!>2!5FJ6;E!@A563!6@32CC!>I5!M23>I!%453=@6;!@2;>=;5;>S!!9;@5!>I5!46CC!4=:36>=2;!Q6C!=;!8?AA!823@5!6;E! 8355!A6;E!Q6C!288535EB!>I5!J1N,'?'C'1('C!,'$0?%(#01!@I6;:5E!>I5!86@5!28!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!8235G53S!!"#$$%&'(('! )%$$*!I%*!(H'!,'I%,C!%(!(H'!71C!0P!(H'!3,'-01!8,%#$S! ! (36:=@6AA7B!>I5!CI=JCB!@2G535E!Q6:2;CB!4=CC=2;63=5C!6;E!8?3W>36JJ53C!8324!46;7!@2?;>3=5C!L32?:I>!E=C56C5C! ǁŚŝĐŚǁĞĂŬĞŶĞĚĂŶĚĚŝŵŝŶŝƐŚĞĚƚŚĞ/ŶĚŝĂŶƚƌŝďĞƐǁŚŽĐĂůůĞĚƚŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞsĂůůĞLJ͚ŚŽŵĞ͛͘! ! ƵƚƚŚĞŵĞƐƐĂŐĞĨƌŽŵƚŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐĂƌĞĂǁĂƐ͚ĂďƵŶĚĂŶĐĞ͗ŽƌŝŐŝŶĂůůLJĨŝŶĞďĞĂǀĞƌƉĞůƚƐ͕ƚŚĞŶůƵŵďĞƌĨƌ24! :=6;>!8=3C!6;E!@5E63CB!Q6>53!J2Q53B!8=CIB!:645!6;E!6@35C!28!636LA5!A6;ES!!#>!Q6C!C6=E!>I6>!72?!@2?AE!Q6AH!6@32CC!6! ƐƚƌĞĂŵŽŶƚŚĞďĂĐŬƐŽĨƐĂůŵŽŶ͘dŚĞƉůĂĐĞŚĞůĚĂŵLJƐƚŝƋƵĞ͘/ƚǁĂƐƐĂŝĚƚŽďĞ͚ƚŚĞŐĂƚĞǁĂLJƚŽƚŚĞ'ĂƌĚĞŶŽĨ ĚĞŶ͛͘dŚŽƐĞǁŚŽĨĞůƚĚƌĂǁŶƚŽĂŶĞǁůŝĨĞĂƚƚŚĞĞŶĚŽĨƚŚĞKƌĞŐŽŶdƌĂŝůĐĂůůĞĚŝƚ͚KƌĞŐŽŶ&ĞǀĞƌ͛͘dŚŽƐĞ >I2?C6;EC!28!C5>>A53C!>I6>!@645!>2!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6>!';E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!6;@I235E!>I5!82?;E6>=2;C!28! 0S*S!:2G53;45;>B!=;E?C>3=6A=R6>=2;B!@24453@5B!6;E!=;;2G6>=2;!?;3=G6AA5E!ŝŶŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛ƐWĂĐŝĨŝĐŶŽƌƚŚǁĞƐƚ͘! ! !͞dŚĞŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚŝĞƐŚĞƌĞĨŽƌǁĂƚĞƌƉŽǁĞƌĂƌĞĞƋƵĂůƚŽĂŶLJƚŚĂƚĐĂŶďĞŶĂŵĞĚ͘dŚĞƌĞĐĂŶŶŽƚďĞĂďĞƚƚĞƌƐŝƚƵĂƚŝŽŶ "#$!%!"%&'#$(!)*++%,-!'.%/!#/!'.-!-%0'!0*1-!#"!'.-!$*)-$2!%!1$(2!3*1-405$-%1!+-)-+!-6'-/10!0#7-!1*0'%/&-2!%/1!'.-! 0.#$-0!"#$7!/%'8$%+!3.%$)-0!"ŽƌƐŚŝƉƉŝŶŐ͙/ĐŽƵůĚŚĂƌĚůLJƉĞƌƐƵĂĚĞŵLJƐĞůĨƚŚĂƚƚŚŝƐƌŝǀĞƌŚĂĚĨŽƌŵĂŶLJƚŚŽƵƐĂŶĚƐ (-%$02!5#8$-1!*'0!3%'-$0!&#/0'%/'+(!1#3/!'.-0-!"%++0!3*'.#8'!.%)*/,!"%&*+*'%'-1!'.-!+%9#$!#"!7%/:;!<=%$>-$2!?@ABC! ! .5@6?C5!28!=>C!G6C>!J2Q53!J2>5;>=6AB!>I5!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!%,'%!I%*!%(!(H'!P0,'P,01(!0P!(H'!61CJ*(,#%$!4'L0$J(#01A! I#(H!(H'!P#,*(!$01-!C#*(%1?'!'$'?(,#?%$!(,%1*&#**#01!#1!(H'!1%(#01!ʹ!L58235!M=6:636!)6AACS!(I=C!Q6C!>I5!L=3>IJA6@5! 28!6!>5@I;2A2:7!>I6>!@I6;:5E!5G537>I=;:B!35G2A?>=2;=R5E!I2Q!J52JA5!A=G5ES!!! ! %>!VU!J4!2;!P?;5!`B!V__aB!6!CQ=>@I!Q6C!>I32Q;!=;!>I5!;5QA7!L?=A>!J2Q53I2?C5!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6;E!2;5!28! 82?3!`TSZ!H=A2Q6>>!bM2S!_!.3?CI!63@!A=:I>!E7;642Cb!J?4J5E!5;2?:I!5A5@>3=@=>7!2G53!Vc!4=A5C!28!Q=35!>2!A=:I>!ZZ! @63L2;!63@!C>355>!A64JC!=;!E2Q;>2Q;!D23>A6;EͶ>I5!8=3C>!A2;:!E=C>6;@5!>36;C4=CC=2;!28!5A5@>3=@=>7!=;!>I5!M23>I! %453=@6S!!!! !
'" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 'FJ53=45;>6A!6A>53;6>=;:!@?335;>!\%<]!:5;536>23C!23E535E!8324!-523:5!"5C>=;:I2?C5!Q535!CI=JJ5E!=;!>I5! CJ3=;:!28!V_aU!>2!935:2;!<=>7S!(I5!8=3C>!A2;:WE=C>6;@5!>36;C4=CC=2;!28!6A>53;6>=;:!@?335;>!Q6C!8324!*>6>=2;!%!6>! "=AA645>>5!)6AACB!L?>!>I5!E6>5!=C!;2>!@53>6=;S!9;5!C2?3@5!@A6=4C!>I5!%23C!Q535!2;A=;5!=;!A6>5!P?;5!28! V_aUd!D23>A6;E!-5;536A!'A5@>3=@!I=C>23=5C!C>6>5!>I6>!=>!Q6C!=;!563A7!*5J>54L53!28!V_aUS!!!! ! (I=C!JA6@5!:5;536>5E!J2Q53!6;E!J32E?@5E!J2Q538?A!J52JA5!Q=>I!:356>!=E56C!6;E!5;>35J35;5?3=6A!5;53:7S!!#;!86@>B! ƚŚĞĨĂŵŽƵƐ͚tĂƌŽĨƚŚĞƵƌƌĞŶƚƐ͕͛ďĞƚǁĞĞŶdŚŽŵĂƐ ĚŝƐŽŶĂŶĚ'ĞŽƌŐĞtĞƐƚŝŶŐŚŽƵƐĞǁĂƐǁŽŶďLJ tĞƐƚŝŶŐŚŽƵƐĞ͛ƐĞŶƚĞƌƉƌŝƐĞĂƚtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐ͘tĞƐƚŝŶŐŚŽƵƐĞďĞĂƚ ĚŝƐŽŶ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dŚĞ&ĂůůƐǁĞƌĞƌĞĨĞƌƌĞĚƚŽĂƐƚŚĞ͞EŝĂŐĂƌĂŽĨƚŚĞWĂĐŝĨŝĐ͟ŽƌƚŚĞ͞>ŽǁĞůůŽĨƚŚĞWĂĐŝĨŝĐ͕͟ďĞĐĂƵƐĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐ J32E?@5E!82?3!>2!C=F!>=45C!4235!I7E32J2Q53!>I6;!$2Q5AAB!&6CCS!!(I5!J6J53!4=AAC!@2;>3=L?>5E!>2!>I5!L224=;:! :32Q>I!28!>I5!;5QCJ6J53!6;E!J6J5346H=;:!=;E?C>3=5C!>I32?:I2?>!>I5!Va>I!K!TU>I!@5;>?3=5CS!!<32Q;!e5AA53L6@I! J=2;5535E!>I5!@26>5E!J6J53!J32@5CCB!QI=@I!35G2A?>=2;=R5E!J6J5346H=;:!=;!>I5!%453=@6;!"5C>S! #;E?C>37!=;!935:2;!<=>7!L5:6;!563A7B!QI5;!&@$2?:IA=;!I6E!6!4=AA!36@5!LA6C>5E!=;>2!>I5!32@H!=;!V_`T!>2!J2Q53!6! C6Q!4=AAS!%8>53!>I6>B!>I5!=;E?C>3=6A!I2>!CJ2>!J2Q535E!:3=C>!4=AACB!A?4L53!4=AACB!6!Q23AE!8642?C!Q22A5;!4=AAB! I7E325A5@>3=@!JA6;>B!6;E!>Q2!J6J53!4=AAC!>I6>!E32G5!>I5!5@2;247!28!>I5!6356S!(I5!8=3C>!=32;!8?3;6@5!2;!>I5!D6@=8=@! <26C>!Q6C!L?=A>!E2Q;!>I5!3=G53!=;!$6H5!9CQ5:2!\>I5;!@6AA5E!*?@H53!$6H5]=;!V_^^B!>2!>6H5!6EG6;>6:5!28!>I5!=32;! 235B!6L?;E6;>!>=4L53B!6;E!Q6>53J2Q53S! ! %A>I2?:I!>I5!86AA=;:!Q6>53!Q6C!6!I?:5!6EG6;>6:5!>2!=;E?C>37B!=>!Q6C!6!46X23!L633=53!>2!@24453@5S!!D23>6:5C! 46E5!>36;CJ23>6>=2;!28!:22EC!G537!E=88=@?A>!5G5;!>I2?:I!935:2;!<=>7!Q6C!>I5!@32CC326EC!823!>36G5A!6;E!>36E5! E?3=;:!>I=C!J53=2ES!)=;6AA7B!68>53!6!8=35!6;E!E5G6C>6>=;:!8A22EB!6!J23>6:5!36=A326E!Q6C!L?=A>!L7!@2A238?A! 5;>35J35;5?3!.5;!+2AA6E67B!823453!2Q;53!28!>I5!D2;7!'FJ35CCS!!#>!2J536>5E!?;>=A!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC! M6G=:6>=2;6A!<6;6A!6;E!$2@HC!Q535!@24JA5>5E!=;!V_fTS!(I57!C>=AA!5F=C>!>2E67S! ! ƌ͘:ŽŚŶDĐ>ŽƵŐŚůŝŶ͕ǁŚŽďƵŝůƚƚŚĞĨŝƌƐƚŵŝůůĂƚƚŚĞ&ĂůůƐ͕ĐůĂŝŵĞĚƚŚĞĂƌĞĂĨŽƌƚŚĞ ŶŐůŝƐŚ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJ͘ ƵƚŚĞǁĂƐĂƌĞďĞů͘&ŽƌŚŝƐƵŶĂƉƉƌŽǀĞĚĂƐƐŝƐƚĂŶĐĞƚŽĂƌƌŝǀŝŶŐƉŝŽŶĞĞƌƐ͕ŚĞǁĂƐŶĂŵĞĚ͚&ĂƚŚĞƌŽĨKƌĞŐŽŶ͛͘,Ğ 6;E!I=C!Q=85!&63:?53=>5!635!L?3=5E!=;!935:2;!<=>7!6>!>I5=3!I=C>23=@!&@$2?:IA=;!+2?C5!\;2Q!J63>!28!>I5!M6>=2;6A! WĂƌŬ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞͿĂŶĚƌ͘:ŽŚŶ͛ƐƐƚĂƚƵĞƐƚĂŶĚƐƚĂůůŝŶ^ƚĂƚƵĂƌLJ,ĂůůŝŶƚŚĞh͘^͘ĂƉŝƚŽů͘! ! ǀĞŶƚŚŽƵŐŚďƌĂŚĂŵ>ŝŶĐŽůŶƌĞĨƵƐĞĚWƌĞƐŝĚĞŶƚdĂLJůŽƌ͛ƐŽĨĨĞƌƚŽďĞƐĞĐƌĞƚĂƌLJ͕ƚŚĞŶŐŽǀĞƌ;23!28!>I5!G6C>!935:2;! (533=>237B!I5!46=;>6=;5E!@A2C5!>=5C!>2!>I5!6356S!!#;!86@>!I5!A=H5A7!6JJ2=;>5E!4235!>I6;!ZU!J52JA5!>2!J2C=>=2;C!=;! >I5!935:2;!<2?;>37!E?3=;:!I=C!J35C=E5;@7B!46H=;:!$=;@2A;!>I5!82?;E=;:!86>I53!28!>I5!,5J?LA=@6;!J63>7!\"I=:C]!=;! >I5!8=G5WC>6>5!>533=>237S! ! D=2;553=;:!A56E53C!Q=>I!;6>=2;6A!35J?>6>=2;CB!C?@I!6C!+5;37!O=AA63EB!D5>53!*H5;5!9:E5;B!)36;@=C!'346>=;:53B!'G6! '4537!175B!'EQ=;!&63HI64B!-523:5!"5C>=;:I2?C5B!'EQ63E!'6C>I64B!DS)S!&2357B!13!)23L5C!.63@A67B!%L=:6=A!
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ƵŐŚǁĞĞŬůLJ&ĂƌŵĞƌƐ͛DĂƌŬĞƚƐ͘dƌŝďĂůŵĞŵďĞƌƐĂƌĞĂĐƚŝǀĞůLJƚĞĂĐŚŝŶŐĂďŽƵƚ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
)" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Chapter 1: Introduction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g!!%!I53=>6:5!6356!=C!?;=Y?5A7!C=>?6>5E!>2!I5AJ!6@I=5G5!>I5!L6A6;@5!L5>Q55;!5@2;24=@!E5G5A2J45;>! 6;E!>I5!@2;C53G6>=2;!28!C=:;=8=@6;>!I=C>23=@B!;6>?36A!6;E!@?A>?36A!35C2?3@5CS!!"23H=;:!=;!J63>;53CI=J!Q=>I!?;=>C!28! :2G53;45;>B!JA6;;=;:!6:5;@=5CB!J63H!6:5;@=5CB!@23J236>=2;CB!;2;J328=>!23:6;=R6>=2;CB!6;E!82?;E6>=2;CB!I53=>6:5! 6356C!J3242>5!C>5Q63ECI=JB!@244?;=>7!35G=>6A=R6>=2;!6;E!5@2;24=@!E5G5A2J45;>!J32X5@>CB!A5G536:5!C=:;=8=@6;>! ƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞƐ͕ĐŽůůĂďŽƌĂƚĞĂĐƌŽƐƐƉŽůŝƚŝĐĂůďŽƵŶĚĂƌŝĞƐ͕ĂŶĚŝŶƐƉŝƌĞŐƌĞĂƚĞƌƉƌŝĚĞŝŶƚŚĞƌĞŐŝŽŶ͛ƐŚĞƌŝƚĂŐĞ͘! ! (I5!8=3C>!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!Q6C!E5C=:;6>5E!L7!<2;:35CC!=;!Va_cB!>I5!#AA=;2=C!K!&=@I=:6;!<6;6A!M6>=2;6A! +53=>6:5!<233=E23B!>2!@5A5L36>5!>I5!@6;6A!536S!(2!E6>5!<2;:35CC!I6C!E5C=:;6>5E!ca!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356C!6@32CC! >I5!@2?;>37!WWL?>!;2;5!=;!>I5!D6@=8=@!M23>IQ5C>S! ! BJ,N0*'!0P!(H'!9(JCE! (I5!J?3J2C5!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7!=C!C=4JA7!>2!E5>534=;5!=8!>I5!6356! 5;@24J6CC=;:!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6;E!>I5!I=C>23=@!C5@>=2;C!28!935:2;!<=>7B!"5C>!$=;;B!$6H5!9CQ5:2!6;E!
*" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " C=:;=8=@6;>!J63>!28!>I5!;6>=2;6A!C>237B!>I57!36=C5E!>I5!;5@5CC637!42;57!>2!@24JA5>5!>I5!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7S!#;!TUVTB! >I=C!C>6H5I2AE53!:32?J!82346AA7!L5@645!6!ZUV\@]\`]!;2;J328=>!@23J236>=2;B!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356! ŽĂůŝƚŝŽŶ;t&,Ϳ͘t&,ĚĞǀĞůŽƉĞĚĂŶĚŐƵŝĚĞĚƚŚŝƐƐƚƵĚLJŝŶĂĐĐŽƌĚĂŶĐĞǁŝƚŚƚŚĞEĂƚŝŽŶĂůWĂƌŬ^ĞƌǀŝĐĞ͛Ɛ ͚EĂƚŝŽŶĂů,ĞƌŝƚĂŐĞƌĞĂ&ĞĂƐŝďŝůŝƚLJ^ƚƵĚLJ'ƵŝĚĞůŝŶĞƐ͛ĂŶĚƚĞŶŝŶƚĞƌŝŵĐƌŝƚĞƌŝĂĨŽƌĞǀĂůƵĂƚŝŽŶŽĨĐĂŶĚŝĚĂƚĞĂƌĞĂƐ͘! "
"""""""""""""""""" " ("#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!.,'%!/0%$#(#01!ʹ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
")+%;53CI=J!28!A2@6A!6;E!>3=L6A!:2G53;45;>CB!;2;J328=>!23:6;=R6>=2;CB!L?C=;5CC!:32?JCB!6;E! J3=G6>5!@24J6;=5C!QI2!@635!6L2?>!>I5!8?>?35!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356B!=>C!I53=>6:5B!=>C!JI7C=@6A!6CC5>CB!=>C! 5@2;24=@!G=>6A=>7!6;E!=>C!J35C53G6>=2;S!!")+%I5!823@5!L5I=;E!>I=C!856C=L=A=>7!C>?E7!6;E!=C!6A356E7!J538234=;:! 6C!>I5!46;6:545;>!5;>=>7!823!>I5!*>?E7!%356S!!
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tŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐĂŶĚŬĞLJƌŽůĞŽĨƚŚĞƐĞƚƚůĞŵĞŶƚƐĂƚƚŚĞ ŶĚŽĨƚŚĞKƌĞŐŽŶdƌĂŝůŝŶƐŚĂƉŝŶŐƚŚĞŶĂƚŝŽŶ͛Ɛ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
!!" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " I=>@II=H=;:!2;!>I5!:A6@=53CS!#;!"=AA645>>5!D63HB!72?!@6;!8=;E!.53;53>!$6;E=;:!QI535!.53;53>!L63:5C!42G5E!A2:! 368>C!E2Q;!>I5!3=G53!4235!>I6;!6!@5;>?37!6:2S! ! /2?!Q=AA!Q6;>!>2!5FJA235!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!(36=A!6;E!G=C=>!`U!C=>5C!28!C=:;=8=@6;@5!5C>6LA=CI5E!E?3=;:! >I5!*5>>A545;>!6;E!#;E?C>3=6A!I57E67!28!>I5!I53=>6:5!6356S!!(I=C!6356!Q6C!;?3>?35E!6;E!C?C>6=;5E!L7!>I5!C>6LA5! 35C2?3@5C!6>!>I5!)6AAC[!!8=CIB!I7E32J2Q53B!6;E!356E7!>36;CJ23>6>=2;!28!@24453@=6A!:22EC!>2!=;>53;6>=2;6A!463H5>C! 6;E!>36E=;:!@5;>53CS! ! -36L!72?3!H676H!6;E!J6EEA5!E2Q;3=G53!8324!>I5!)6AACS!!"6>@I!823!D6@=8=@!A64J357!6;E!
BJV$#?!61L0$L'&'1(!9(,%('-#'*!!!! 9G53!>I5!J6C>!>I355!7563CB!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356!<26A=>=2;!\")+%<]!I6C!I5AE!6!C53=5C!28!823?4C!6;E! :6>I53=;:C!>2!=;G2AG5!>I5!J?LA=@!=;!>I5!E5G5A2J45;>!28!>I5!G=C=2;!823!>I5!I53=>6:5!6356B!6C!Q5AA!6C!>I5!2>I53! 5A545;>C!28!>I5!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7S!!! ! D?LA=@!455>=;:CB!5G5;>CB!Q23HCI2JCB!JA6;;=;:!C5CC=2;CB!6;E!L22>IC!6>!C?4453>=45!86=3C!6;E!85C>=G6AC!:6G5! ")+%?;=>=5C!>2!I563!C>23=5C!8324!35C=E5;>CB!:6=;!=;C=:I>C!=;>2!J?LA=@!2J=;=2;CB!6;E! 35@5=G5!=;J?>!6;E!855EL6@H!6L2?>!J2>5;>=6A!8?>?35!JA6;C!823!>I5!6356S!!*5G536A!I?;E35E!J52JA5!6>>5;E5E!>I5!
!#" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Q23HCI2JC!6;E!:6G5!")+%=2;!2;!=>54C!;55E5E!823!>I=C!C>?E7B!=;@A?E=;:!>I5!L2?;E63=5CB! 46;6:545;>!6A>53;6>=G5CB!I=C>237!6;E!>I545C!823!>I5!+53=>6:5!%356S!!9G53!`ZU!J52JA5!Q535!E=35@>A7!=;G2AG5E!=;! >I5!C>?E7!J32@5CCB!Q=>I!6;2>I53!VZBUUU!>63:5>5E!>I32?:I!463H5>=;:!6;E!J3242>=2;CS! ! (I5!I=C>237!28!>I5!6356!Q6C!@24J=A5E!L7!H;2Q;!5FJ53>C!=;!CJ5@=8=@!6356CS!!")+%5E!=;82346>=2;!6;E! 35C563@I!8324!;563A7!ZU!=;E=G=E?6AC!QI2!Q=AA=;:A7!J32G=E5E!>I5!;6336>=G5C!6;E!358535;@5C!>I6>!I5AJ5E!CI6J5!>I5! C>23=5C!6;E!>I545C!28!>I5!C>?E7S!!
1.3 ± Discussion leader Lloyd Purdy, executive director of Main Street Oregon City, engages the public in brainstorming about heritage area projects at a Willamette Falls Heritage Area planning meeting at the Museum of the Oregon Territory in Oregon City ± Fall 2010. ( 6&%-#1'!(H'!B0**#V#$#(#'*! #;!TUU_!6;E!TUUaB!")+%I!A6;EC@6J5!63@I=>5@>?35!C>?E5;>C!6>!>I5!0;=G53C=>7!28!935:2;S!(I5! J3285CC23C!E5G5A2J5E!6!C53=5C!28!C>?E=2C!>2!6AA2Q!C>?E5;>C!>2!E5G5A2J!@2;@5J>CB!E36Q=;:C!6;E!C@6A5!42E5AC!823! >I5!J32J2C5E!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356S!!(I5!8=;6A!G=C?6A!J32E?@>C!8324!>I5C5!C>?E=2C!J32G=E5E!@2A238?A!6;E! =;>3=:?=;:!5F64JA5C!28!>I5!J2>5;>=6A!823!35E5G5A2J45;>!6;E!5;I6;@545;>!28!6356C!C?332?;E=;:!>I5!)6AACS!!(I=C! C>?E5;>!Q23H!Q6C!>I5!L6C=C!28!2?3!G537!8=3C>!JƵďůŝĐŽƉĞŶŚŽƵƐĞ͕ǁŚĞƌĞŐƵĞƐƚƐǁĞƌĞŝŶǀŝƚĞĚƚŽ͞ŝŵĂŐŝŶĞƚŚĞ ƉŽƐƐŝďŝůŝƚŝĞƐ͘͟! ! (I5!8=3C>!E368>!28!>I=C!856C=L=A=>7!C>?E7!Q6C!C5;>!2?>!823!D?LA=@!<2445;>!=;!563A7!TUVTS!(I5!E2@?45;>!6;E! 855EL6@H!CI55>C!Q535!6G6=A6LA5!2;WA=;5!6;E!=;!>I5!J?LA=@!A=L363=5C!=;!6AA!*>?E7!%356!@244?;=>=5CS!!)324!>I5! =;82346>=2;!6;E!@2445;>C!35@5=G5E!>I32?:I2?>!>I5!J?LA=@!@2445;>!J53=2EB!>I5!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7!E2@?45;>!6;E! =>C!@2;>5;>C!I6G5!?;E53:2;5!46;7!@I6;:5C!6;E!C=:;=8=@6;>!35G=C=2;CS!!(I=C!Q6C!6!I5AJ8?A!6;E!=AA?4=;6>=;:!J32@5CC! >I6>!46E5!2?3!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7!C>32;:53!6;E!4235!82@?C5E!2;!=>C!>I545CS! ! BJV$#?!4'*N01*'!I%*!B0*#(#L'! ")+%=G5!35CJ2;C5!8324!>I5!J?LA=@!6;E!@244?;=>7!A56E53C!35:63E=;:!>I5! 5C>6LA=CI45;>!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356S!!(I5!L5;58=>C!28!@356>=;:!6!I53=>6:5!6356!I6G5!L55;! 56C=A7!?;E53C>22E!6;E!5;>I?C=6C>=@6AA7!54L36@5E!L7!L2>I!=;E=G=E?6AC!6;E!23:6;=R6>=2;CS!!! ! M563A7!6AA!28!>I5!35CJ2;C5C!35@5=G5E!8324!:2G53;45;>!5;>=>=5CB!L?C=;5CC5CB!23:6;=R6>=2;CB!6;E!=;E=G=E?6AC! =;@A?E5E!6!E5C=35!>2!L5!=;G2AG5E!6;E!>2!6CC=C>!=;!8?3>I53=;:!>I5!58823>C!>2!J35C53G5!6;E!6EG6;@5!>I5!35G=>6A=R6>=2;! 28!>I5!6356!6;E!=>C!;6>=2;6A!E5C=:;6>=2;S!!
!$" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " /00,C#1%(#1-!I#(H!01-0#1-!9(JC#'*!%1C!61#(#%(#L'*! (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356!=C!@?335;>A7!6!I2>L5E!28!JA6;;=;:!6;E!C>?E7!J32@5CC5CB!J63>=@?A63A7!82@?C5E!2;!>I5! E2346;>!.A?5!+532;!D6J53!<24J6;7!C=>5C!\T`!6@35C!2;!>I5!935:2;!<=>7!Q6>53832;>!6;E!`a!6@35C!2;!>I5!"5C>! $=;;!Q6>53832;>]!6;E!>I5!2;@5W=;W6WA=85>=45!2JJ23>?;=>7!823!J35C53G6>=2;!6;E!35E5G5A2J45;>!6EX6@5;>!>2!>I5! )6AACS!!$2@6A!J63>;53CB!=;@A?E=;:!")+%
!%" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " <2?;@=A!6;E!935:2;!(2?3=C4!<244=CC=2;! ! aS !(I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!$2@HC[!%!<6C5!*>?E7!%;6A7C=C!28!D2>5;>=6A!(36;C853!#CC?5C!ʹ!TUU_B!<'1',[!<5;>53!823!! '@2;24=@!15G5A2J45;>!'E?@6>=2;!6;E!,5C563@I!823!9;5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!<26A=>=2;! ! VUS M6>=2;6A!,5:=C>53!28!+=C>23=@!DA6@5C!<2;>=;?6>=2;!*I55>!823!(I5!<6;6A!6;E!$2@HC!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!ʹ! TUUaB!"4S!+6;6LA5!823!9;5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!<26A=>=2;! ! VVS ,5E=C@2G53=;:!6!0;=>5E!"=AA645>>5!,=G53[!0JJ53!D23>!*@2J5!ʹ!TUVTB!!&=@I65A!.53;53>B!15J>S!28!<=G=A!K! ';G=32;45;>6A!';:=;553=;:!6>!1?H5!0;=G53C=>7!823!9;5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!<26A=>=2;! ! 9(JC#'*!Q1C',I%E! !! ! VS
!&" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 5FJ6;E!>I5!@2AA6L236>=G5!6>42CJI535!6;E!6JJ326@I!>2!I53=>6:5!J35C53G6>=2;!6;E!46;6:545;>!>I32?:I2?>!>I5! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356S!!! ! ,5@2:;=>=2;!28!>I=C!M+%!Q=AA!L3=;:!;6>=2;6A!6>>5;>=2;!>2!QI6>!Q5!6>!>I5!35:=2;6A!A5G5A!6A356E7!H;2Q[!!>I6>!>I=C! 6356!=C!6;!5F>3545A7!=4J23>6;>!J=5@5!28!>I5!I=C>237!28!>I5!%453=@6;!C5>>A545;>!28!>I5!"5C>B!>I6>!6C!>I5!';E!28! >I5!935:2;!(36=A!=>!=C!6!H57!J63>!28!>I5!C>237!28!>I5!5FJ6;C=2;!28!ƚŚĞhŶŝƚĞĚ^ƚĂƚĞƐĨƌŽŵ͞ƐĞĂƚŽƐŚŝŶŝŶŐƐĞĂ͕͟ƚŚĂƚ >I5!6356!Q6C!6!H57!@6>6A7C>!823!>I5!:32Q>I!28!=;E?C>37!6;E!@24453@=6A=R6>=2;!=;!>I5!Q5C>53;!I6A8!28!>I5!;6>=2;B! 6;E!>I6>!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M+%!@2;>6=;C!C=:;=8=@6;>!J=5@5C!28!>I5!I=C>237!28!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5CB!=;@A?E=;:!>I5! J3228!>I6>!6;!646R=;:!;5Q!=;G5;>=2;!\5A5@>3=@=>7]!@2?AE!L5!C5;>!A2;:!E=C>6;@5C!2G53!Q=35C!C>3?;:!2;!J2A5C!ʹ!6! J32@5CC!>I6>!@I6;:5E!>I5!Q23AEk! ! @'U(!*('N*!I#$$!#1?$JC'W! x 15A=G53=;:!>I5!C>?E7!>2!>I5!*5@35>637!28!>I5!#;>53=23!6;E!M6>=2;6A!D63H!*53G=@5!823!35G=5Q!6;E!@2445;>B! =;!J63>;53CI=J!Q=>I!0S*S!*5;6>23!P588!&53HA57!6;E!0S*S!<2;:35CC46;!N?3>!*@I36E53B!L2>I!28!935:2;S! x 15C=:;6>=2;!L7!<2;:35CC!6C!6!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356S! x *@I5E?A=;:!>I5!3=LL2;W@?>>=;:!@53542;7!823!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356S! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
!'" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " /+.B874!:!ʹ!98Q5K!.47.!+69834K!.@5!/3@8462Q863@9! ( ~ !.//012332()0//4(+25.3062($520 ~ " -032708(39( ǯ( )591(*20(39(*:.;.;6(*20"
" !"#$%&'(%)*+,%-*..%-/01+2+3%³45.+2%&KLHI:DWHUIDOO´% " !:252(*233/212;3(<( ǯ=9>;?05.24( " 3,'-01!/#(E!\8=3C>!;645E!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC]!=C!;2!A2;:53!>I5!@6J=>6A!28!>I5!G6C>!935:2;!(533=>237!6;E!=>!=C!;2! A2;:53!>I5!@6J=>6A!28!935:2;S!!%A>I2?:I!=>!=C!>I5!VZ>I!A63:5C>!@=>7!=;!935:2;!>2E67B!935:2;!<=>7!Q6C!2;@5!>I5! ͚ŵŽƚŚĞƌĐŝƚLJ͛ŽĨƚŚĞtĞƐƚ͕ƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚĂŶĚŝŶĨůƵĞŶƚŝĂůĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚLJǁĞƐƚŽĨƚŚĞZŽĐŬLJDŽƵŶƚĂŝŶƐ͘"I5;! %453=@6;!C5>>A53C!633=G5E!6>!>I5!';E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=AB!>I57!Q535!82?;E6>=2;6A!>2!@545;>=;:!0;=>5E!*>6>5C! L2?;E63=5CB!@356>=;:!;5Q!=;C>=>?>=2;CB!6;E!L=3>I=;:!>36;C82346>=G5!=;E?C>3=5CS!!%AA!L5@6?C5!28!6!Q6>5386AA[!! "=AA645>>5!)6AACS!! ! )23!82346>=G5!E5@6E5C!=;!>I5!V_UUCB!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356!Q6C!>I5!5J=@5;>53!28!:2G53;45;>B!=;E?C>37B! >36;CJ23>6>=2;B!=;;2G6>=2;B!6;E!@24453@5!=;!;23>IQ5C>53;!0;=>5E!*>6>5CS!!!! ! .5@6?C5!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AACB!VT!H57!=;E?C>3=5C!6;E!46;?86@>?3=;:!JA6;>C!A2@6>5E!6A2;:!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53S!! %A>I2?:I!2;A7!6!C=;:A5!J6J53!4=AA!6;E!6!I7E325A5@>3=@!JA6;>!3546=;!>2E67B!>I57!635!6!C=:;6>?35!354=;E53!28!>I5! 4=AA=;:!I57E67!QI5;!>I5!6356!632?;E!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!6>!>I5!8235832;>!28!>I5!=;E?C>3=6A!35G2A?>=2;!6;E! 82345E!>I5!:356>5C>!@2;@5;>36>=2;!28!=;E?C>3=6A!6@>=G=>7!=;!>I5!Q5C>53;!0;=>5E!*>6>5CS!!!)23>?;6>5A7B!>I2C5!563A7!
!(" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 4=AAC!A58>!>I5=3!463H!2;!>I5!A6;EC@6J5!6;E!2;!>I5!J52JA5!A=G=;:!;563!>I5!)6AACB!6;E!635!J63>!28!>I5!C>237!823!>I5! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356S! ! .5@6?C5!28!>I5!35A=6L=A=>7!6;E!5;2342?C!I7E32J2Q53!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AACB!J32CJ53=>7!=;!>I5!Va>I!@5;>?37!Q6C! E58=;5E!E=88535;>A7S!!(I5!8=3C>!A2;:!E=C>6;@5!>36;C4=CC=2;!28!5A5@>3=@=>7!8324!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!>2!D23>A6;E!\Vc! 4=A5C]!35G2A?>=2;=R5E!>I5!Q23AE!6;E!@I6;:5E!>I5!J6>>53;C!28!A=G=;:B!A563;=;:!6;E!A5=C?35B!6;E!28!@2?3C5!=;E?C>37S!!! ! (I5!6L?;E6;@5!28!35C2?3@5C!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!L5@645!6!46:;5>!823!5FJA2353CB!C5>>A53CB!5;>35J35;5?3C!6;E! >36E53C!8324!46;7!@2?;>3=5CS!!%453=@6;C!3=CH5E!>I5=3!A=G5C!2;!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!6;E!C5>>A5E!=;!:356>53!;?4L53C! >I6;!'?32J56;!@24J5>=>23CS!!(I57!J?>!E2Q;!E55J!322>C!=;!>I5!M23>IQ5C>!6;E!CJ356E!2?>!8324!>I5!';E!28!>I5! 935:2;!(36=A!>I32?:I2?>!>I5!935:2;!(533=>237S!!(I?C!>I5!G6C>!935:2;!(533=>237!L5@645!J63>!28!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C! Q=>I!;637!6!CI2>!L5=;:!8=35ES!!! ! ! 8H'!B0('1(#%$!0P!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!"%*!4'?0-1#['C!#1!<\>]! ͞dŚĞŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚŝĞƐŚĞƌĞĨŽƌǁĂƚĞƌƉŽǁĞƌĂƌĞĞƋƵĂůƚŽĂŶLJ(#2"#(0"&(7*(&"6*5;((I2*+*(0"&&%#(7*("(7*##*+( .$#3"#$%&(8%+("(8"0#%+:(9$''",*(#2"&(%&(#2*(*".#(.$5*(%8(#2*(+$9*+4("(5+:4(1$5*<./+*"5('*9*'(*L#*&5.(.%6*( ĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞ͕ĂŶĚƚŚĞƐŚŽƌĞƐĨŽƌŵŶĂƚƵƌĂůǁŚĂƌǀĞƐĨŽƌƐŚŝƉƉŝŶŐ͙/ĐŽƵůĚŚĂƌĚůLJƉĞƌƐƵĂĚĞŵLJƐĞůĨƚŚĂƚƚŚŝƐƌŝǀĞ+(2"5( 8%+(6"&:(#2%3."&5.(:*"+.4(/%3+*5($#.(1"#*+.(0%&.#"&#':(5%1&(#2*.*(8"''.(1$#2%3#(2"9$&,(8"0$'$#"#*5(#2*('"7%+( ŽĨŵĂŶ͘͟;WĂƌŬĞƌ͕ϭϴϯϱͿ( ( ! 8+7!.G.^6@T!9834K!3)!8+7!"6MM.G7887!).MM9!.47.! ! 6?'!.-'!)$00C*!9H%N'C!(H'!)%$$*!4'-#01!==!%1C!3J,!Q1#_J'!+#*(0,E! 9;5!@6;;2>!?;E53C>6;E!QI7!>I=C!6356!L5@645!;6>=2;6AA7!C=:;=8=@6;>!Q=>I2?>!H;2Q=;:!6L2?>!>I5!@6>6@A7C4=@!#@5! ŐĞ&ůŽŽĚƐƚŚĂƚƐŚĂƉĞĚĂŶĚ͚ĨĞƌƚŝůŝnjĞĚ͛ƚŚĞĞŶƚŝƌĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞsĂůůĞLJ͘(I5!)6AAC!>I54C5AG5C!Q535!82345E!2G53!VZ! 4=AA=2;!7563C!6:2!8324!35J56>5E!G2A@6;=@!L6C6A>!8A2QC!8324!56C>53;!935:2;!6;E!;23>I53;!#E6I2S!!.?>!>I5!G6AA57! 6L2G5!6;E!632?;E!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!C@?AJ>5E!L7!6!C53=5C!28!@6>6@A7C4=@!8A22EC!WW!!;2>!X?C>!6;7!2AE!8A22ECB!L?>! 642;:!>I5!A63:5C>!5G53!>2!2@@?3!2;!563>Ik!!#@5!E64C!@2;>6=;=;:!:=:6;>=@!-A6@=6A!$6H5!&=CC2?A6!=;!&2;>6;6!\6C! A63:5!6C!$6H5C!'3=5!6;E!9;>63=2!@24L=;5E]!82345E!6;E!L32H5!C5G536A!>=45C!VTBUUU!>2!VZBUUU!7563C!6:2B!C5;E=;:! >3545;E2?C!46CC5C!28!Q6>53!6;E!=@5!@6355;=;:!2G53!V^BUUU!CY?635!4=A5C!=;!&2;>6;6B!#E6I2B!"6CI=;:>2;B!6;E! 935:2;S!!(I5!J56H!8A2Q!36>5!Q6C!>5;!>=45C!>I5!@24L=;5E!G2A?45!28!6AA!>I5!3=G53C!28!>I5!Q23AEk!!! ! (I5!8A22EC!C@?AJ>5E!5F>3623E=;637!A6;EC@6J5C!6;E!E=C>=;@>=G5!:52A2:=@!856>?35CB!42G=;:!I?:5!L2?AE53C!Q5=:I=;:! 46;7!>2;C!>2!;5Q!A2@6>=2;C!863!8324!>I5=3!23=:=;S!(I5C5!͚ŐůĂĐŝĂůĞƌƌĂƚŝĐƐ͛!635!35:?A63A7!82?;E!;563!>I5!)6AACS!!9;! >I5=3!Q67B!>I5!8A22EQ6>53C!C@2?35E!>I5!A6;E!28!>2JC2=A!6;E!E5J2C=>5E!:A6@=6A!C=A>B!23!A25CCB!=;!>I5!"=AA645>>5! O6AA57B!>I?C!J32G=E=;:!>I5!A5:5;E637!3=@I!6;E!853>=A5!A6;E!C>35>@I=;:!6A2;:!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!6L2G5!>I5!)6AAC! 823!4235!>I6;!VUU!4=A5CS!!(I=C!C2=A!=C!C6=E!>2!L5!642;:!>I5!L5C>!=;!>I5!Q23AE!ĂŶĚŽǀĞƌϭϬϬ͛ĚĞĞƉŝŶƐŽŵĞƉůĂĐĞƐ͘!! (I5!)A22EC!>36;C82345E!>I5!)6AAC!6356!6;E!CI6J5E!=>C!5;G=32;45;>B!=;8A?5;@=;:!>I5!?C5!28!>I5!A6;E!6;E!=>C! 35C2?3@5CB!8324!563A7!>3=L6A!J52JA5!>2!@2;>54J23637!C2@=5>=5C!=;!;23>IQ5C>53;!0;=>5E!*>6>5CS! !
!)" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " )#,*(!31'*!%ƚtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐ͙! #;E=:5;2?C!>3=L5C!6;E!L6;ECB!6C!>I5!563A=5C>!I?46;!J35C5;@5!=;!>I5!6356B!?;E53C>22E!>I5!=4J23>6;@5!28!>I5!)6AAC!! 6C!6!J32G=E53!28!822E!6;E!C?C>5;6;@5!6;E!6C!6!CJ=3=>?6A!JA6@5S!!(I5!)6AAC!Q535!6!:6>I53=;:!JA6@5!823!46;7!>3=L5C! >I32?:I2?>!Q5C>53;!M23>I!%453=@6S!!! "#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!H%C!3(H',!@%&'*!
!*" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" "
! ! Figs. 1-1 Joseph Drayton sketch 1841 - Indians dip netting for salmon at Willamette Falls
M#'J('1%1(!/H%,$'*!"#$R'*!01!%!QY9Y!@%L%$!'UN'C#(#01!<\>\=<\`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ƚ͘ŚĂƌůĞƐtŝůŬĞƐ͕͞EĂƌƌĂƚŝǀĞŽĨƚŚĞhŶŝƚĞĚ^ƚĂƚĞƐ džƉůŽƌŝŶŐ džƉĞĚŝƚŝŽŶĚƵƌŝŶŐƚŚĞK'%,*!<\>\=`:A!NJV$#*H'C!#1!<\`]Y! ( "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!6!G537!=4J23>6;>!35C2?3@5!>2!>3=L5C!28!>I5!35:=2;S!!%C!6!C>3=@>?35!=;!>I5!3=G53B!>I5!)6AAC! 8?;;5A5E!6;6E3242?C!C6A42;!6;E!D6@=8=@!$64J357!55AC!=;>2!6!@2;C>3=@>5E!6356B!QI535!>I57!Q535!823@5E!>2!A56J! 23!@A=4L!>2!>I5=3!CJ6Q;=;:!:32?;ECB!46H=;:!>I54!56C7!;5>>=;:!823!>I2C5!QI2!8=CI5E!6>!>I5!)6AACS!!*>55AI56EB! C45A>B!6;E!C46AA!C>?3:52;!Q535!JA5;>=8?A!6>!>I5!)6AACͶ5;2?:I!>2!5;3=@I!>I5!>3=L5C!L572;E!C=4JA5!C?3G=G6AB!6;E! J534=>>5E!>36E=;:!2?>C=E5!>I5!>3=L5S!!! ! (I5!
#+" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " >I535S!!(3=L5C!QI2!>36G5A5E!>2!>I=C!J3=45!8=CI=;:!A2@6>=2;!>2!@6>@I!6;6E3242?C!C6A42;B!A64J357!6;E!2>I53!8=CI! ŵĞƚǁŝƚŚƚŚĞůĂĐŬĂŵĂƐŚĞĂĚŵĞŶĂŶĚŽĨĨĞƌĞĚĂ͚ƉƌŝĐĞ͛ĨŽƌƚŚĞŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚLJƚŽĨŝƐŚ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
" " 6+7"8"7%9+0:5.*%+;<%=>";??@%,+A0?;$% " *6A42;!I6G5!L5@245!6;!=@2;!=;!>I5!D6@=8=@!M23>IQ5C>B!L?>!A64J357!I63G5C>C!Q535!X?C>!6C!C6@35E!6;E!6C! C=:;=8=@6;>!>2!>I5!>3=L5CS!!D6@=8=@!$64J357B!35J23>5E!>2!L5!^ZU!4=AA=2;!7563C!2AEB!635!X6QA5CC!8=CIWA=H5!G53>5L36>5CB! @I636@>53=R5E!L7!6!>22>I5EB!8?;;5AWA=H5!C?@H=;:!42?>I!L7!QI=@I!>I57!@A=;:!>2!32@HCͶJ53I6JC!;2>!6C!6JJ56A=;:!=;! A22HC!6C!>I5!Q5AAWH;2Q;!C6A42;S!!+63G5C>5E!=;!563A7!C?4453B!>I5!>36E=>=2;!@2;>=;?5C!>2E67S!!!#;!86@>B!"=AA645>>5! )6AAC!I6C!>I5!A63:5C>!>3=L6A!I63G5C>!28!A64J357!=;!>I5!Q23AES!! ! (I5!)6AAC!6;E!3=G53B!G6AA57B!6;E!?JA6;E!6;E!A2QA6;E!8235C>C!J32G=E5E!?;J636AA5A5E!L2?;>7Ͷ;2>!2;A7!822EB!L?>! 6AC2!>I5!46>53=6A!;5@5CC=>=5C!28!A=85S!(I5!8235C>C!28!"5C>53;!35E!@5E63B!823!=;C>6;@5B!J32G=E5E!@A2>I=;:B!@6;25CB! 6;E!CI5A>53!6C!C55;!=;!>I5!G=AA6:5!A2;:I2?C5CS!!(I5C5!EQ5AA=;:C!J32G=E5E!823!@244?;6A!@22H=;:!6;E!CA55J=;:!6;E! Q535!L?=A>!6A2;:!>I5!A2Q53!3=G53!;563!>I5!)6AACS! ! )23!>I2?C6;EC!28!7563CB!>I5!@?A>?35!28!>I5!35:=2;!3546=;5E!C>6LA5!6;E!C?JJ23>5E!6!C>6LA5!J2J?A6>=2;S!!(I5;!=;! >I5!Vf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a>I!@5;>?37!5J=E54=@C!C5G535A7!E=C3?J>5E!>36E=>=2;6A!A=85!=;!>I5! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356S!
#!" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " #;!>I5!"=AA645>>5!O6AA57B!@24JA5>5!G=AA6:5C!Q535!6L6;E2;5ES!'FJA2353C!C?@I!6C!16G=E!12?:A6C!5;@2?;>535E! 54J>7!G=AA6:5C!=;!>I5!V_`UCS!#;!>I5!V_cUCB!&5>I2E=C>!4=CC=2;63=5C!82?;E!85Q!#;E=6;C!>2!@2;G53>!>2!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! dŚŝƐƐĞĐƚŝŽŶŽĨ:ŽŚŶDŝdž^ƚĂŶůĞLJ͛ƐKƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJƉĂŝŶƚŝŶŐŝƐŽĨƚŚĞǁĞƐƚƐŝĚĞŽĨƚŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ(@$9*+("#(#2*(B"''.;((A#(.2%1.( #2*(='"&>2%3.*(%8(#2*(E'%1*1"'"(E2$*8("#(#2*(8"+(+$,2#;((?%6*(%8(#2*(.6"''(23#.("#(#2*(+$9*+.$5*("+*(8%+(8$.2(/+%0*..$&,4( ƐƚŽƌĂŐĞĂŶĚƐĞƌǀĂŶƚ͛ƐƋƵĂƌƚĞƌƐ͘KŶƚŚĞĨĂƌůĞĨƚĂƌĞĨŝƐŚĚƌLJŝŶŐƐĐĂĨĨŽůĚƐ͘( ( (
%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % (((((((((ZĞŶĞ͛ĚĞ'ŝƌĂƌ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
#$" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " )J,!8,%C',*!%1C!2,#(#*H!%(!(H'!)%$$*! .7!>I5!563A7!V_UUCB!)35;@IW<6;6E=6;!6;E!,?CC=6;!>36JJ53CB!J?3C?=;:!G6A?6LA5!8?3CB!6A356E7!I6E!6!C>32;:!J35C5;@5! =;!>I5!935:2;!<2?;>37!6;E!I6E!E=C@2G535E!J2Q538?A!"=AA645>>5!)6AACS!!.?>!=>!Q6C!-356>!.3=>6=;!QI2!@A6=45E!>I5! 6356!>I32?:I!>I5!=;8A?5;>=6A!,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJ;,Ϳ?;E53!>I5!A56E53CI=J!28!
#%" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " K͛^ƵůůŝǀĂŶ͕ǁƌŝƚŝ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ŽŚŶK͛^ƵůůŝǀĂŶ͕ĞĐĞŵďĞƌϭϴϰϱ( ! D0#1(!3??JN%(#01!ʹ!5#*?0J,%-#1-!9'(($'&'1(! P2I;!%E64C!23@I5C>36>5E!>I5!(356>7!28!V_V_B!QI=@I!J32G=E5E!823!X2=;>!0S*SW.3=>=CI!2@@?J6>=2;!28!>I5!<2A?4L=6! 1=C>3=@>!23!6C!>I5!%453=@6;C!;645E!=>B!ƚŚĞKƌĞŐŽŶŽƵŶƚƌLJ͘:ŽŝŶƚŽĐĐƵƉĂƚŝŽŶƐĞĞŵĞĚĂŐŽŽĚŝĚĞĂ͕ďƵƚƌŝƚĂŝŶ͛Ɛ J2Q538?A!+ƵĚƐŽŶ͛Ɛ.67!<24J6;7B!6E4=;=C>535E!L7!
#&" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" "
F irst Protestant church in the Oregon Territory: Methodist Episcopal Church & Mission, Oregon City, 1844. ! (I5!=;>5;C5!3=G6A37!L5>Q55;!>I5!D32>5C>6;>C!6;E!<6>I2A=@C!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!;2>5E!=;!,5GS!ůǀŝŶ&͘tĂůůĞƌ͛Ɛ 1=637B!V_cV[! ?3&5;(S[(()*'5(6**#$&,.(1$#2(6:(A&5$"&.(".(3.3"';(B%3&5(#2"#(#2*(E"#2%'$0(/+$*.#(2"5(7**&( 5%1&($&(6:("7.*&0*(*&5*"9%+$&,(#%(.*#(#2*(A&5$"&.(","$&.#(6*(,$9$&,(#2*6(7*"5.(1$#2(0+%..*.( "##"02*5(#%(#2*6(\0;( ! )=;E=;:!A=>>A5!;55E!823!@2;G53>=;:!>I5!#;E=6;CB!>I5!&5>I2E=C>!&=CC=2;!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!\QI=@I!Q6C!>I5!;645!28! L2>I!>I5!@244?;=>7!6;E!>I5!Q6>5386AA]!5C>6LA=CI5E!>I5!8=3C>!C@I22A!823!%453=@6;C!=;!>I5!>533=>237B!>I5!935:2;! #;C>=>?>5!=;!V_cTS!dŚŽƐĞǁŚŽƐĞƚƚůĞĚǁŝƚŚtĂůůĞƌ͛ƐŐƌŽƵƉĐƌĞĂƚĞE!>36E5C!6;E!=;E?C>37!QI=@I!Q2?AE!L5! ŝŶƐƚƌƵŵĞŶƚĂůŝŶŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛ƐƋƵĞƐƚĨŽƌKƌĞŐŽŶŽƵŶƚƌLJƐŽǀĞƌĞŝŐŶƚLJ͘! ! -(&**5(8%+(,%9*+&6*&#( (I5!D6;=@!28!V_`f!>22H!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!=;>2!6;!5@2;24=@!E5J35CC=2;!Q=>I!L6;H!86=A?35CB!@?335;@7!J32LA54CB! 6;E!6!Q=E5CJ356E!=;6L=A=>7!>2!35J67!A26;CS!&6;7!=;!>I5!56C>!Q535!@?>!2?>!28!Q23H!6;E!=;>5;C5!8A22E=;:!6A2;:!>I5! &=CC2?3=B!&=CC=CC=JJ=B!6;E!9I=2!,=G53C!E?3=;:!>I5!A6>5!V_`UC!A58>!46;7!=;!>I5!&=EQ5C>!I245A5CCS!(I5C5! @2;E=>=2;CͶ@24L=;5E!Q=>I!>I5!J36=C5!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!ĂƐĂ͚'ĂƌĚĞŶŽĨ ĚĞŶ͛!L7!P6C2;!$55!6;E!2>I53CͶ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ĚŝĂŶĨƵƌƚƌĂƉƉĞƌƐ;ĨŽƌŵĞƌĞŵƉůŽLJĞĞƐŽĨƚŚĞ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJͿƐĞƚƚůŝŶŐĚŽǁŶŝŶƚŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞsĂůůĞLJ͕ @2;@53;C!:35Q!2G53!>I5!8?>?35!28!>I5!935:2;!<2?;>37S!! ! (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!$7@5?4!6;E!15L6>=;:!*2@=5>7!I5AE!=>C!8=3C>!455>=;:!=;!V_cU!6>!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!I245!28! *=E;57!&2CCS!(I5!823?4!Q6C!6;!2JJ23>?;=>7!823!>I5!A56E=;:!C5>>A53C!>2!E5L6>5!:2G53;45;>!=CC?5C!6;E!E=C@?CC! C@=5;>=8=@!J?3C?=>CB!A=>536>?35B!6;E!2>I53!A2@6A!@2;@53;CB!6;E!Q6C!6!J35@?3C23!>2!>I5!:2G53;45;>!E=C@?CC=2;!>I6>!
#'" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Q2?AE!A6>53!@2;G5;5!6>!
! ?*"'(%8(#2*(C+*,%&(=+%9$.$%&"'(G%9*+&6*&#(ST[N( ! (I5!@244=>>55!45>!6:6=;!=;!
#(" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " (I5!C5@2;E!C5>!28!A6QCB!QI=@I!Q2?AE!C>=4?A6>5!5G5;!4235!C5>>A545;>!6;E!Q6C!@3?@=6A!>2!Q5C>53;!5FJ6;C=2;B! =;@A?E5E!J32G=C=2;C!823!4633=5E!@2?JA5C!>2!@A6=4!?J!>2!^cU!6@35C!28!A6;E!6;E!?;4633=5E!C5>>A53C!`TU!6@35C!6>!;2! @2C>S!(I5C5!@A6=4C!Q535!;2>!G6A=E!?;E53!.3=>=CI!23!0S*S!A6Q!6>!>I6>!>=45B!L?>!Q535!5G5;>?6AA7!I2;235E!L7!>I5! 0;=>5E!*>6>5C!=;!>I5!12;6>=2;!$6;E!
,5:63EA5CC!28!QI=@I!@2?;>37!A6=E!@A6=4!>2!>I5!>533=>237B!%453=@6;C!Q535!8A22E=;:!=;>2!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6;E!>I5! 6EX6@5;>!G6AA57S!%A356E7!;5Q!5;>53J3=C5C!Q535!?;E53Q67[!C>235C!6;E!@I?3@I5C!Q535!L?=A>d!6!8?3;=>?35!86@>237!6;E! CI=J!L?=AE=;:!86@=A=>7!Q535!?;E53Q67d!4=AAC!Q535!@2;C>3?@>5Ed!3?A5C!28!A6Q!Q535!5C>6LA=CI5E!\=;@A?E=;:!>I5!8=3C>! X6=A]B!6C!Q5AA!6C!C@I22AC!6;E!6!A=L3637!C7C>54S!(I5!C46AA!2?>J2C>!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!35;645E!935:2;!<=>7!=;! V_ccB!>I5!8=3C>!=;@23J236>5E!@=>7!Q5C>!28!>I5!,2@H7!&2?;>6=;CS! ! ( C+*,%&(E$#:($.(#2*(.$&,'*(6%.#($6/%+#"&#(2$.#%+$0"'(.$#*($&(#2*(-6*+$0"&(D*.#;((A#($.(".#%&$.2$&,(#2"#("(.$#*(%8( .302($6/%+#"&0*($&(#2*(2$.#%+:(%8(#2*(]&$#*5(?#"#*.(2".(7**&('*8#(3&0%66*6%+"#*5($&("&:(.$,&$8$0"&#(8".2$%&;!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!adĞƌĞŶĐĞK͛ŽŶŶĞůů͕ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĂŶ͕ĂƵƚŚŽƌA!
#)" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" "
! ! !!!F ig. 1-5 Map of U.S.-Britain territorial border dispute
D?LA=@=>7!8324!935:2;!<2?;>37!L22C>53C!E5A=L536>5A7!85E!>I5!A6;E!:36LS!D5>53!+S!.?3;5>>!\A6>53!8=3C>!%453=@6;! :2G53;23!28!<6A=823;=6]!=;8A645E!͚935:2;!&ĞǀĞƌ͛!6C!I5!Q32>5!=;!V_cc[!! ( dŝŵďĞƌ͙ŝŶŝŶĞdžŚĂƵƐƚŝďůĞƋƵĂŶƚŝƚŝĞƐŽŶƚŚĞŽůƵŵďŝĂĂŶĚtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ͕ũƵƐƚǁŚĞƌĞƚŚĞǁĂƚĞƌŝƐĂƚŚĂŶĚ #%(5+$9*(6$''.(8%+('367*+("&5(8'%3+;(I2*(1"#*+(/%1*+("#(#2*(8"''.(%8(#2*(D$''"6*##*(0"&(&%#(7*( .ƵƌƉĂƐƐĞĚŝŶĂůůƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚ͘ŶĚĂĨƚĞƌƚŚĞůĂŶĚŝƐĐůĞĂƌĞĚŽĨƚƌĞĞƐ͙ƚŚĞƚŝŵďĞƌĞĚůĂŶĚǁŝůůďĞƚŚĞďĞƐƚ 12*"#('"&5($&(#2$.(0%3&#+:;( ! .5>Q55;!V_`_!6;E!V_cZB!>I5!J2J?A6>=2;!28!QI=>5!J52JA5!=;!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356!CQ5AA5E!8324!ZZ!=;E=G=E?6AC! >2!;563A7!^BUUUS!#;!@2;>36C>B!C=;@5!>I5!ǁŚŝƚĞŵĂŶ͛ƐĂƌƌŝǀĂů͕ƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛Ɛ/ŶĚŝĂŶƉŽƉƵůĂƚŝŽŶŽĨƉĞƌŚĂƉƐϭϯ͕ϬϬϬǁĂƐ 6JJ32F=46>5A7!VBUUUS! ! ( ͞/Ŷϭϴϰϰ͕ŝŶĐŝŶŶĂƚŝĂŶĚŚŝĐĂŐŽǁĞƌĞůŝƚƚůĞŵŽƌĞƚŚĂŶǀŝůůĂŐĞƐ͘^ĂŶ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽǁĂƐĂƐůĞĞƉLJ^ƉĂŶŝƐŚ&ŽƌƚƌĞƐƐ͘ ?*"##'*(1".("&(A&5$"&(9$''",*(1$#2("(83+(#+"5$&,(/%.#("&5(=%+#'"&54("'#2%3,2($#(2"5(%&*(2%3.*4(1".( ĚŝƐƚŝŶŐƵŝƐŚĞĚĐŚŝĞĨůLJĂƐƚŚĞƐŝƚĞŽĨ^ĂƵǀŝĞ͛Ɛ(W"$+:(%&(D"/"#%(A.'"&5;((C+*,%&(E$#:((^8$+.#(0"''*5(D$''"6*##*(B"''._( 1".(/'"##*54(2"5(.#+**#.4(#1%(023+02*.4(#2*(=$%&**+(F:0*36("&5(F$#*+"+:(E'374(6$''.4("(8*++:4("&5(#2*( ďĞŐŝŶŶŝŶŐƐŽĨĂĨŝŶĞĂƉƉůĞŽƌĐŚĂƌĚŝŶƚŚĞLJĂƌĚŽĨƚŚĞDĞƚŚŽĚŝƐƚƉĂƌƐŽŶĂŐĞ͘͟(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((QD*'.24(SY[SR( ( !! G%**!G#-,%(#01!01!(H'!3,'-01!8,%#$! "I=A5!>I5!D32G=C=2;6A!-2G53;45;>!E56A>!Q=>I!;5Q!A6QC!6;E!6@>=2;CB!>I5!8=3C>!Q6G5!28!2G53A6;E!54=:36;>CͶ6! Q6:2;!>36=;!@2;C=C>=;:!28!;563A7!VBUUU!C5>>A53CͶC5>!2?>!>2!935:2;!<=>7!ĨƌŽŵDŝƐƐŽƵƌŝŝŶǁŚĂƚǁĂƐĚƵďďĞĚ͞dŚĞ 'ƌĞĂƚDŝŐƌĂƚŝŽŶŽĨϭϴϰϯ͘͟dŚŝƐƐĞƚƚŚĞƐƚĂŐĞĨŽƌƚŚĞĨƵƚƵƌĞŽĨƚŚĞhŶŝƚĞĚ^ƚĂƚĞƐĂŶĚĂůƐŽ5C>6LA=CI5E!>I5!32?>5!28! >I5!935:2;!(36=AB!QI=@I!Q2?AE!L5@245!>I5!42C>!=;8A?5;>=6A!@24J2;5;>!28!Q5C>53;!5FJ6;C=2;S!! !
#*" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" "
! F ig. 1-6 The Oregon Trail ! tŝƚŚƚŚĞƉƌŽŵŝƐĞŽĨĨƌĞĞůĂŶĚĂŶĚƚŚĞĚŝǀŝŶĞƌŝŐŚƚƚŽĐůĂŝŵŝƚ͕͞KƌĞŐŽŶ&ĞǀĞƌ͟ĂŶĚƚŚĞŵĂƐƐĞŵŝŐƌĂƚŝŽŶƚŽƚŚĞ Q5C>!Q6C!=;!8?AA!823@5Ͷ6;!?;J35@5E5;>5E!35A2@6>=2;!>I6>!Q2?AE!@I6;:5!>I5!86@5!28!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!8235G53S!! (I5=3!E5C>=;6>=2;!Q6C!935:2;!<=>7B!QI535!>I5!2;A7!85E536A!A6;E!288=@5!Q5C>!28!>I5!,2@H=5C!Q6C!A2@6>5ES!!(I535! >I57!Q2?AE!35:=C>53!>I5=3!@A6=4CS! ! dŚĞKƌĞŐŽŶdƌĂŝůůƵƌĞĚƚĞŶƐŽĨƚŚŽƵƐĂŶĚƐƚŽƐĞůůŽƵƚ͕ƉĂĐŬĂůůƚŚĞŝƌďĞůŽŶŐŝŶŐƐŝŶĂϰ͛džϭϬ͛ǁĂŐŽŶǁŝƚŚĂĐĂŶǀĂƐ @2G53!\>I?CB!͞ĐŽǀĞƌĞĚǁĂŐŽŶ͟Ϳ͕ďƵLJƐĞǀĞƌĂůLJŽŬĞƐŽĨŽdžĞŶ͕ŵƵůĞƐŽƌŚŽƌƐĞƐ͕ĂŶĚƐĞƚŽƵƚƚŽǁĂůŬŽƌƌŝĚĞ>I5! 63E?2?C!TBϬϬϬŵŝůĞƐŝŶƐĞĂƌĐŚŽĨ͚ƚŚĞůĂŶĚ!Ăƚ ĚĞŶ͛ƐŐĂƚĞ͛͘!!! ! (I5!C=FW42;>I!X2?3;57!6@32CC!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!Q6C!6;!5J=@!4245;>!;2>!X?C>!=;!%453=@6;!I=C>237B!L?>!=;!I?46;! I=C>237S!!M2!2;5!I6E!5G53!C55;!6;7>I=;:!Y?=>5!A=H5!=>S!(I5!I63E7B!E5>534=;5E!54=:36;>C!J35G6=A5E!2G53!6!E?C>7B! 3?::5EB!E=88=@?A>!X2?3;57!6@32CC!E5C53>CB!>I32?:I!8235C>C!6;E!3=G53CB!2G53!42?;>6=;C!6;E!=;I2CJ=>6LA5!A6;EC!>2! 356@I!>I5=3!E5C>=;7S!!&6;7!Q535!L?3E5;5E!Q=>I!:3=58S!!)23!5G537!4=A5!28!>36=AB!>I535!Q6C!6;!5C>=46>5E!>5;!:36G5C! Ͷ864=A7!A2C>!>2!6@@=E5;>B!E=C56C5B!6;E!@I=AEL=3>IS!! ! 7%*#',!40J('!(0!3,'-01!/#(EW!!8H'!2%,$0I!40%C! (I5!563A=5C>!32?>5!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!5;E5E!6L3?J>A7!6>!>I5!<2A?4L=6!,=G53!=;!(I5!16AA5CS!!'4=:36;>C!Q535!A58>!>2! E=C6CC54LA5!>I5=3!Q6:2;C!6;E!368>!E2Q;!>I5!>356@I532?C!3=G53!36J=EC!23!I=35!:?=E5C!6>!5F23L=>6;>!J3=@5C!>2!>6H5! >I54!E2Q;3=G53!6;E!>I5;!?J!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!>2!935:2;!<=>7S!! ! 9;5!28!>I5!8=3C>!6@>C!28!>I5!D32G=C=2;6A!-2G53;45;>!=;!V_c^!Q6C!>2!6?>I23=R5!*64!.63A2Q!6;E!935:2;!<=>7! 453@I6;>!DI=A=J!)2C>53!>2!L?=AE!>I5=3!J32J2C5E!&2?;>!+22E!,26EB!6!;5Q!L36;@I!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!>I6>! L7J6CC5E!>I5!85635E!6;E!>356@I532?C!<2A?4L=6!,=G53S!!#>!L5@645!H;2Q;!6C!>I5!.63A2Q!,26E!6;E!Q6C!>I5! J3585335E!32?>5!>2!935:2;!<=>7B!6A>I2?:I!=>!Q6C!6!E5CJ=C5E!J3=4=>=G5!>2AA!326E!Q=>I!I2335;E2?C!J6CC6:5C!28!=>C! 2Q;S!!#>!=C!5C>=46>5E!>I6>!fZn!28!>I5!54=:36;>C!?C5E!>I=C!C2W@6AA5E!326ES!! ! 8H'!71C!0P!(H'!3,'-01!8,%#$!%(!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*! *2!46CC=G5!Q6C!>I5!4=:36>=2;!>I6>!L7!V_^a!I?;E35EC!28!>I2?C6;EC!28!54=:36;>C!I6E!633=G5E!6>!>I5!5;E!28!>I5! 935:2;!(36=AB!6>!>I5=3!A2;:5EWĨŽƌ͞'ĂƌĚĞŶŽĨ ĚĞŶ͘͟! ! ! D*("+*(&%1("#(#2*(/'"0*(5*.#$&*5("#(&%(5$.#"&#(/*+$%5(#%(7*("&($6/%+#"&#(/%$&#($&(#2*(0%66*+0$"'(2$.#%+:(%8( #2*(]&$%&(ʹ(C+*,%&(E$#:;((="..$&,(#2+%3,2(#2*(#$67*+(#2"#('$*.(#%(#2*(*".#(%8(#2*(0$#:4(1*(7*2*'5(C+*,%&("&5(
$+" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " #2*(B"''.(%8(#2*(D$''"6*##*("#(#2*(."6*(6%6*&#;(D*(1*+*(.%(8$''*5(1$#2(,+"#$#35*(#2"#(1*(2"5(+*"02*5(#2*( .*##'*6*&#.(%8(#2*(12$#*(6"&4("&5(1$#2("56$+"#$%&("#(#2*("//*"+"&0*(%8(#2*('"+,*(.2**#(%8(1"#*+(+%''$&,(%9*+( #2*(B"''.4(#2"#(1*(.#%//*54("&5($&(#2$.(6%6*&#(%8(2"//$&*..(+*0%3&#*5(%3+(#%$'.4($&(#2%3,2#4(1$#2(6%+*(+"/$5$#:( #2"&(#%&,3*("&(*L/+*..(%+(/*&(0"&(1+$#*;!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!P25A!D6A453!M2G!VB!V_cZ! !
! Emigrant family enroute to Oregon City on the Barlow Road with Mt. Hood in background.
%C!4235!54=:36;>C!633=G5EB!>I5!@244?;=>7!632?;E!>I5!)6AAC!L5@645!A5CC!E5J5;E5;>!2;!>I5!C53G=@5C!28!>I5! ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJĂŶĚƐĞƚƚůĞŵĞŶƚŽĨƚŚĞĂƌĞĂĞǀŽůǀĞĚŝŶƚŽĂŶŵĞƌŝĐĂŶƉŚĞŶŽŵĞŶŽŶ͘ĞƐƉŝƚĞƚŚĞ,͛Ɛ 6>>54J>!>2!42;2J2A=R5!>36E5!823!-356>!.3=>6=;B!C5>>A545;>!6;E!8634=;:!L5@645!2G53QI5A4=;:A7!%453=@6;B!Q=>I! 935:2;!<=>7!6C!6;!6AAW=4J23>6;>!L6C5!28!2J536>=2;C!6;E!6!@5;>53!28!=;E?C>37!6;E!>36E5S!! ! 3,'-01!/#(E!Q1N,'N%,'C!P0,!)$00C!0P!7&#-,%1(*! 7L%!7&',E!5E'!#1!(H'!V00RA!=%+#'"&5(C+*,%&4(A#.()$.#%+:("&5(`3$'5*+.!aL0$!
! tŝƚŚŵĞŶ͛ƐƚŽƉŚĂƚƐ͕ŵĂĚĞĨƌŽŵůƵdžƵƌŝŽƵƐďĞĂǀĞƌƉĞůƚƐ͕ŐŽŝŶŐŽƵƚŽĨĨĂƐŚŝŽŶĂŶĚƚŚĞďĞĂǀĞƌƉŽƉƵůĂƚŝŽŶƐ $!" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " E5@A=;=;:B!>I5!8?3!>36E5!Q6C!EQ=;EA=;:S!/5>!+.5E!>2!H55J!@2;>32A!28!>I5!>533=>237!6;E!358?C5E!>2!I5AJ! %453=@6;!C5>>A53CB!46;7!28!QI24!633=G5E!C=@H!6;E!E5C>=>?>5S!+.23!13S!P2I;!&@$2?:IA=;B!QI2!I6E!6! H55;!C5;C5!28!X?C>=@5!6;E!I6E!H5J>!J56@5!2G53!>I5!>533=>237!36;:=;:!8324!<6A=823;=6!>2!%A6CH6!823!TV!7563CB! ƌĞĨƵƐĞĚƚŽĨŽůůŽǁƚŚĞĐŽŵƉĂŶLJ͛ƐŚĂƌƐŚƉŽůŝĐŝĞƐĂŶĚǁĂƐƐĞǀĞƌĞůLJƌĞƉƌŝŵĂŶĚĞĚĨŽƌŚĞůƉŝŶŐƚŚŽƐĞŝŶŶĞĞĚ͘dŚĞ 6@3=42;7!@2;>=;?5E!6C!&@$2?:IA=;!C2AE!:22EC!>2!>I5!C5>>A53CB!6CC=C>5E!>I5!=AA!6;E!J223B!6;E!Q6C!5;:6:5E!=;! 5;>53J3=C5C!6>!>I5!)6AACS!'G5;!>I2?:I!&@$2?:IA=;!Q6C!C>32;:A7!6:6=;C>!>I5!6;;5F6>=2;!28!.3=>=CI!>533=>237!L7!>I5! hŶŝƚĞĚ^ƚĂƚĞƐ͕ŚĞĐŽƵůĚŶŽƚĂďŝĚĞ,͛ƐŝŶƐĞŶƐŝƚŝǀĞƚƌĞĂƚŵĞŶƚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞƚƚůĞƌƐ͘!#;!V_cZ!I5!35C=:;5E!I=C!+.! 6;E!C5>>A5E!=;!935:2;!<=>7S!( ( "'*(',1!7UN%1*#01!/0&N$'('C! ,5@2:;=R=;:!>I5!J2Q53!28!>I5!2G53QI5A4=;:!;?4L53!28!%453=@6;!C5>>A53C!6;E!68>53!>5;C5!;5:2>=6>=2;C!Q=>I!>I5! 0;=>5E!*>6>5CB!.3=>6=;!8=;6AA7!6:355E!>2!E=G=E5!>I5!35:=2;!6A2;:!>I5!ca>I!J636AA5AͶƚŽĚĂLJ͛ƐďŽƌĚĞƌďĞƚǁĞĞŶ "6CI=;:>2;!*>6>5!6;E!.3=>=CI!<2A?4L=6S!(I5!935:2;!(356>7!Q6C!C=:;5E!P?;5!VZB!V_c^!6;E!C5>>A5E!>I5!L2?;E637! E=CJ?>5S!"ŝƚŚƚŚĞWƌŽǀŝƐŝŽŶĂů'ŽǀĞƌŶŵĞŶƚŝŶƉůĂĐĞ͕ƌŝƚĂŝŶŚĂĚŶŽĐůĂŝŵŽŶƚŚĞůĂŶĚĂŶĚ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJ ;2!A2;:53!I5AE!J2Q53!=;!>I5!935:2;!(533=>237S!.5@6?C5!28!>I5!=;E?C>37B!CJ=3=>B!6;E!>5;6@=>7!28!>I5!C5>>A53C!6>! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6>!>I5!5;E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!=;!935:2;!<=>7B!ŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛ƐǁĞƐƚĞƌŶĞdžƉĂŶƐŝŽŶQ6C!@24JA5>5E!6;E! =>C!L2?;E63=5C!ƐŽůŝĚŝĨŝĞĚ͚ĨƌŽŵƐĞĂƚŽƐŚŝŶŝŶŐƐĞĂ͛͘! (I5!L?C>A=;:!@=>7!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!;2Q!>I5!@5;>53!28!5E?@6>=2;B!A=>536@7B!:2G53;45;>B!@24453@5B!6;E! =;E?C>37!CJ6Q;=;:!J2Q538?A!A56E53C!6;E!=;;2G6>=2;!>I6>!Q2?AE!6885@>!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!5G53!68>53S!!#>!Q6C!>I5! ;6>?36A!6L?;E6;@5!6>!5;E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!>I6>!46E5!=>!6AA!J2CC=LA5S! !
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c^!Q6C!>I5!@5;>53!823!:3=C>!4=AA=;:B!C6Q4=AA=;:B!LA6@HC4=>I=;:B!>6=A23=;:B!6;E! 46;7!2>I53!>36E5CS!*I=JJ=;:!5FJ23>C!>2!*6;!)36;@=C@2B!+6Q6==!6;E!
$#" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 3,'-01!/#(E!#*!(H'!/%N#(%$!0P!(H'!3,'-01!8',,#(0,E! (I5!D32G=C=2;6A!$5:=CA6>?35!C>3?::A5E!2G53!A6;E!@A6=4C!6;E!J32>5@>=2;!8324!#;E=6;!6>>6@HC!WW=;!J63>=@?A63B!>I5! 6>>6@H!2;!>I5!"I=>46;!&=CC=2;!2;!M2G54L53!TaB!V_cfS!!%A>I2?:I!6;!=C2A6>5E!=;@=E5;>B!=>!:5;536>5E!Q=E5CJ356E! 8563!642;:!QI=>5C!>I6>!I6E!C5>>A5E!=;!>I5!935:2;!<2?;>37!6;E!6@@5A536>5E!58823>C!>2!E5C=:;6>5!>I5!35:=2;!6! 0;=>5E!*>6>5C!>533=>237!>2!J32>5@>!>I5!%453=@6;!C5>>A53CS!(I5!H=AA=;:CB!QI=@I!@645!>2!L5!@6AA5E!>I5!"I=>46;! &6CC6@35B!I6JJ5;5E!6>!6!D32>5C>6;>!4=CC=2;!=;!6!3542>5!J63>!28!>I5!935:2;!832;>=53!;563!QI6>!=C!;2Q!"6AA6! "6AA6B!"6CI=;:>2;S!! ! )23!7563CB!J2A=>=@=6;C!=;!"6CI=;:>2;B!1S
)'C',%$!M%1C!/$%#&*!#1!(H'!1'I!8',,#(0,E! %C!@=>=R5;C!28!6!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!(533=>237B!C5>>A53C!@2?AE!5FJ5@>!A6;E!:36;>C!823!J?LA=@!C@I22AC!6;E!>I5!J32I=L=>=2;!28! CA6G537!=;!>I5!6356S!(I=C!85E536A!C>6>?C!L32?:I>!Q=>I!=>!85E536AA7!6JJ2=;>5E!X?E:5C!6;E!2>I53!288=@=6ACB!L?>!6AC2!>I5! CJ5@>53!28!G2=E5E!A6;E!@A6=4C!>I6>!I6E!L55;!6?>I23=R5E!?;E53!>I5!23:6;=@!@2E5C!28!>I5!D32G=C=2;6A!-2G53;45;>S! ! (I5!A6;E!@A6=4!=CC?5!Q6C!I=:IA7!@2;>5;>=2?CS!!*5>>A53C!E=E!;2>!Q6;>!>2!C?3G=G5!>I5!:3?5A=;:!935:2;!(36=A!2;A7!>2! I6G5!>I5=3!A6;E!>6H5;!6Q67!8324!>I54!6>!6!A6>53!E6>5S!!#;!35CJ2;C5!>2!>I5!G2=E5E!A6;E!@A6=4!A6QB!*64?5A!,S! (I?3C>2;B!KƌĞŐŽŶ͛ƐĨŝƌƐƚƚĞƌƌŝƚŽƌŝĂůĚĞůĞŐĂƚĞƚŽŽŶŐƌĞƐƐ!6;E!35C=E5;>!28!$=;;!<=>7!6@32CC!>I5!3=G53!8324!935:2;! <=>7B!Q23H5E!>2!J6CC!>I5!12;6>=2;!$6;E!
$%" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " (I5!%@>!A5:=>=4=R5E!J=2;553!C5>>A545;>!L?>!L58235!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!I6E!C5@?35E!>I5!A6;E!6;E!>I5!3=:I>C!>2!C5AA! A6;E!@A6=4C!8324!>I5!>3=L5CS!#;!V_ZVB!>I5!#;E=6;!*?J53=;>5;E5;>!28!>I5!935:2;!(533=>237B!%;C2;!163>B!L5:6;!>I5! J32@5CC!28!C=:;=;:!>356>=5C!Q=>I!>I5!>3=L5CS!(I5!J32@5CC!Q6C!;2>!@24JA5>5E!=;!Q5C>53;!935:2;!?;>=A!V_ZZB!QI5;! P25A!D6A453!;5:2>=6>5E!>I5!N6A6J?76!5>@S!>356>7!Q=>I!
F ig. 2-3 Oregon State Seal ! !
$&" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " "#$!%$&&'$($)&!*&!&#$!+),!-.!&#$!/0$1-)!"0*2'!23!&#$!! 420'*6$!-.!7),83&09!2)!&#$!:($026*)!;$3&! ! (I5!Va>I!ĐĞŶƚƵƌLJĞdžƉůŽƌĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚƐĞƚƚůĞŵĞŶƚŽĨƚŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐĂƌĞĂƐŽůŝĚŝĨŝĞĚƚŚĞhŶŝƚĞĚ^ƚĂƚĞƐ͛ǁĞC>Q63E! J?CI!6@32CC!>I5!@2?;>37!>2!>I5!D6@=8=@!9@56;S!!"=>I!>I5!L224!=;!C5>>A545;>!6;E!8634=;:B!6;E!Q=>I!6!:2G53;45;>! =;!JA6@5B!>I5!6356!Q6C!:32Q=;:!=;>2!6;!5@2;24=@!J2Q53I2?C5!>I32?:I!=;E?C>3=6A=R6>=2;!6;E!>5@I;2A2:=@6A! =;;2G6>=2;S!!
2UHJRQ&LW\ ¶VSRVWFDUGLQVFULSWLRQUHDGV :oolen mill, Electric Light, Pulp & Paper Mill, F lour Mill and F ilter Plant on the Willamette River, Oregon
Oregon City, situated on the east bank of the Willamette, immediately below the Great F alls, is destined WREHRQHRIWKHJUHDWHVWPDQXIDFWXULQJFLWLHVLQWKH:HVWHUQZRUOG«WKHUe are now two flouring mills and two saw mills doing an immense business. A.N. A rmstrong, 1857
"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6CB!28!@2?3C5B!6!;6>?36A!C2?3@5!28!J2Q53!823!4=AA!6@>=G=>7S!P2I;!&@$2?:IA=;B!2;!L5I6A8!28!>I5! ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJB!535@>5E!6!Q6>53WJ2Q535E!C6Q4=AA!=;!V_`V!2;!6!C46AA!=CA6;E!6>!>I5!L6C5!28!>I5!)6AAC!=;! 23E53!>2!5FJ23>!@63:2!2;!6!35:?A63!L6C=CS!&@$2?:IA=;!6AC2!2J5;5E!6;E!2J536>5E!6!:3=C>4=AA!>I6>B!6@@23E=;:!>2! 935:2;!(36=A!J=2;553!6;E!X2?3;6A=C>!-5;536A!:ŽĞůWĂůŵĞƌ͕͞ĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚǁĞůůǁŝƚŚŵŽƐƚŽĨƚŚĞŵŝůůƐŝŶƚŚĞ^ƚĂƚĞƐ͘͟! "5!I2;23!DĐ>ŽƵŐŚůŝŶĂƐƚŚĞtĞƐƚ͛ƐĨŝƌƐƚŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůŝƐƚk! ! &5>I2E=C>!4=CC=2;63=5CB!QI=A5!;2>!G537!C?@@5CC8?A!=;!>I5=3!23=:=;6A!:26A!28!@2;G53>=;:!#;E=6;C!>2!
$'" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 935:2;Sb!!
Dr. John McLoughlin!
Called the µF ather of Oregon¶McLoughlin was WKH:HVW¶VILUVWLQGXVWULDOLVW. His imposing statue in Statuary Hall in the U.S. Capitol, honors his national contributions. He was called µThe Great White Eagle¶by the Indians.
(I5!*>6>5!28!935:2;!35>?3;5E!ƌ͘DĐ>ŽƵŐŚůŝŶ͛ƐĐŽŶĨŝƐĐĂƚĞĚƉƌŽƉĞƌƚLJƚŽŚŝƐŚĞŝƌƐŝŶϭϴϲϮ͘,ŝƐƐŽŶW=;WA6Q!16;=5A! +63G57B!6C!5F5@?>23!28!>I5!5C>6>5B!:36E?6AA7!E=CJ2C5E!28!I=C!J32J53>=5CB!8=3C>!E55E=;:!A6;E!6;E!Q6>53!3=:I>C!>2!(I5! #4J53=6A!)A2?3!<24J6;7!=;!V_^`B!>I5;!=;!V_^c!J32J53>7!6;E!Q6>53!3=:I>C!>2!935:2;!<=>7!&6;?86@>?3=;:! <24J6;7S! ! DĐ>ŽƵŐŚůŝŶ͛Ɛ935:2;!<=>7!͚ƐƚĂƚĞůLJŵĂŶƐŝŽŶ͛!Q=>I!46;7!28!=>C!23=:=;6A!8?3;=CI=;:C!@6;!L5!G=C=>5E!>2E67S!!*=;@5! TUU`B!=>!I6C!L55;!J63>!28!>I5!M6>=2;6A!D63H!*53G=@5!6C!6!?;=>!28!)23>!O6;@2?G53!M6>=2;6A!+=C>23=@!*=>5S! ! 8H'!G#$$*!B0I','C!(H'!61CJ*(,#%$!4'L0$J(#01!%(!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*! ! 3,'-01!/#(E!"00$'1!G#$$*! (I5!935:2;!<=>7!&6;?86@>?3=;:!<24J6;7!\9<"&]!Q6C!=;@23J236>5E!2;!)5LS!`B!V_^cB!2;A7!>I5!>I=3E!@23J236>=2;! =;!>I5!72?;:!C>6>5S!(I5!=;G5C>23C!I2J5E!>2!@6CI!=;!2;!>I5!:32Q=;:!;6>=2;6A!E546;E!823!935:2;!Q22A5;!>5F>=A5CS! %>!6;!23:6;=R6>=2;6A!455>=;:!Q535!>Q2!-5346;!=44=:36;>CB!TVW7563!2AE!#C66@!P6@2L!6;E!I=C!Va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fTB!6!8=35!E5C>3275E!>I5!4=AAS!#>!Q6C!35JA6@5E!L7!6!>I355WC>237!LA2@HW A2;:!L3=@H!C>3?@>?35S!.7!VaUUB!J32E?@>=2;!Q6C!?J!>2!Vc!A=;5C!Q=>I!6;;?6A!C6A5C!28!p^UUBUUUS!1?3=;:!>I5!8=3C>!`c! 7563C!28!46;?86@>?3=;:!Q22A5;!J32E?@>CB!9<"&!I6E!@2;C?45E!cU!4=AA=2;!J2?;EC!28!Q22A!G6A?5E!6>!p^!4=AA=2;S! *6A63=5C!28!6>!A56C>!pcS`T!4=AA=2;!Q535!J?>!=;>2!>I5!J2@H5>C!28!A2@6A!Q23H53CS!)23!8?5AB!VZUBUUU!@23EC!28!Q22E! Q535!@2;C?45ES!!! ! #C66@!6;E!,6AJI!P6@2L͛Ɛ!4=AA!Q6C!;2Q!2J536>5E!L7!>I5=3!C2;CB!%E2AJI!6;E!-.!P6@2LCS!(I5!23=:=;6A!L?=AE=;:!Q6C!
$(" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " E2?LA5E!>2!>Q2!LA2@HC!=;!V_aUS!#;!>I5!-6345;>!)6@>237B!32L5C!6;E!2>I53!Q22A5;!J32E?@>C!Q=>I!>I5!935:2;!<=>7! "22A5;C!A6L5A!Q535!5FJ23>5E!E2Q;!>I5!"=AA645>>5!6;E!<2A?4L=6!3=G53C!>2!>I5!D6@=8=@!9@56;!6;E!CI=JJ5E! Q23AEQ=E5S!935:2;!Q22A5;C!J?>!935:2;!<=>7!2;!>I5!46J!6;E!8?3>I535E!>I5!=4J23>6;@5!28!>I=C!3542>5B!75>! LA2CC24=;:!=;E?C>3=6A!@5;>53!28!>I5!Q5C>S!M2QB!>I5!56C>53;!C56L263E!I6E!6!3=G6A!=;!ĐŽŶƚƌŝďƵƚŝŶŐƚŽŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛Ɛ #;E?C>3=6A!,5G2A?>=2;!6;E!C=:;=8=@6;@5!=;!>I5!Q23AE!463H5>JA6@5S!! ! .?C=;5CC!L2245E!E?3=;:!""#!Q=>I!A63:5!:2G53;45;>!@2;>36@>C!823!LA6;H5>CS!#;!VaVfB!>I5!4=AA!54JA275E!VBVTZ! Q23H53C!6;E!2J536>5E!VUa!A224CS!!)2AA2Q=;:!>I5!Q63!Q6C!6!J53=2E!28!J32CJ53=>7!;5G53!L58235!23!C=;@5!C55;!=;! KƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJŚŝƐƚŽƌLJ͘hƐŝŶŐƚŚĞƐůŽŐĂŶ͞ǁŽǀĞŶǁŚĞƌĞƚŚĞǁŽŽůŝƐŐƌŽǁŶ͕͟ƐĂůĞƐŵĞĚ͘dI=3>7!C6A5C45;!86;;5E! 2?>!6@32CC!>I5!0S*S!>2!2G53!ZBUUU!35>6=A!2?>A5>CS!(I5!4=AA!I6E!6!@2;>36@>!=;!Va`V!823!>I5!;5Q!2@56;!A=;53C!=$-0*1-/'! L##)-$!6;E!=$-0*1-/'!J##+*1,-S!(I5!23E53!28!TBUUU!LA6;H5>C!6;E!VBϬϬϬƐƚĞĂŵƌŽďĞƐǁĂƐŽŶĞŽĨƚŚĞǁŽŽůĞŶŵŝůů͛Ɛ A6C>!46X23!@2;>36@>CS!(I5!E2Q;Q63E!CA=E5!C>63>5E!=;!Va`c!Q=>I!>I5!-356>!15J35CC=2;!6;E!>I5!E56>I!28!2Q;53! %E2AJI!P6@2LCS!%8>53!""##B!;5Q!Q22A!=;E?C>3=5C!=;!%?C>36A=6!6;E!*2?>I!%453=@6;!@6?C5E!935:2;!863453C!>2! 6L6;E2;!CI55JW36=C=;:S!M5Q!@A2>I=;:!46;?86@>?353C!Q53ĞĐŽŵƉĞƚŝŶŐĨŽƌƚŚĞƚĞdžƚŝůĞŵĂƌŬĞƚ͕ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ^ĂůĞŵ͛Ɛ (I246C!N67!&=CC=2;!&=AA!6;E!>I5!D5;EA5>2;!"22A5;!&=AAS!(I5!L?=AE=;:C!6;E!46@I=;537!=;!935:2;!<=>7!Q535! ƌĂƉŝĚůLJĂŐŝŶŐ͕ƐŽůĂŶĚĂŶĚǁĂƚĞƌƌŝŐŚƚƐǁĞƌĞƐŽůĚƚŽWƵďůŝƐŚĞƌ͛ƐWĂƉĞƌŵŝůůŝŶϭϵϱϰ͘ĨƚĞƌϵϳLJĞĂƌƐB!>I5!935:2;! <=>7!"22A5;C!A6L5A!E=C6JJ5635E!8324!>I5!CI5AG5CS!!,546=;=;:!>2E67!635!>I5!>I=@H!L6C6A>!L6C5!6;E!Q6AAC!28!>I5! 935:2;!<=>7!"22A5;!&=AA!C?332?;E5E!L7!>I5!.A?5!+532;!D6J53!&=AA!C=>5B!6;E!>I5!,6AJI!6;E!%E2AJI!P6@2LC! )2?;E6>=2;B!@356>5E!>2!:36;>!42;57!8324!>I5!P6@2LC!'C>6>5!>2!@I63=>6LA5B!5E?@6>=2;6A!6;E!@?A>?36A!23:6;=R6>=2;C! =;!935:2;! ! B%N',!G#$$*! #;!V_^^B!>I5!8=3C>!J6J53!4=AA!=;!935:2;B!D=2;553!D6J53!&6;?86@>?3=;:B!C>63>5E!2J536>=2;C!Q=>I!?C5E!36:CB!32J5CB! 6;E!2AE!C6=AC!823!36Q!46>53=6ACS!9Q;5E!L7!"=AA=64!.?@H!6;E!I=C!J63>;53!+5;37!D=>>2@HB!J?LA=CI53!28!G.-! Q$-,#/*%/B!=>!2J536>5E!2;A7!L3=58A7!L5@6?C5!28!>5@I;=@6A!J32LA54CS!!#>C!5Y?=J45;>!Q6C!>36;C85335E!>2!6!;5Q!
$)" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " D6J53!4=AAC!6>!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!@2;>3=L?>5E!>2!>I5!L224=;:!:32Q>I!28!>I5!;6>=2;6A!;5QCJ6J53!6;E!J6J53W 46H=;:!=;E?C>3=5C!>I32?:I2?>!>I5!Va>I!K!TU>I!@5;>?3=5C͘WĂƉĞƌŵĂŬŝŶŐĂƚƚŚĞ&ĂůůƐǁĂƐĨƵŶĚĂŵĞŶƚĂůƚŽƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛Ɛ 5@2;247S!M5QC!=;!J3=;>!;2Q!@2;;5@>5E!>I5!>Q2!C=E5C!28!>I5!@2?;>37!6;E!J6J5346H=;:!6>!>I5!)6AAC!35J35C5;>5E!6! @26C>W>2W@26C>!A=;H!L5>Q55;!>I5!Q5C>!6;E!>I5!56C>B!6;!5@2;24=@!6;E!C74L2A=@!@24JA5>=2;!28!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5CS! !
! Oregon City Suspension bridge with ferry and F alls in background.
6(!+%NN'1'C!%(!(H'!)%$$*W!!)#,*(!M01-!5#*(%1?'!8,%1*&#**#01!0P!7$'?(,#?#(E! "I=A5!4=AA!6@>=G=>7!Q6C!5F>3545A7!=4J23>6;>!>2!>I5!=;E?C>3=6A=R6>=2;!6;E!42E53;=R6>=2;!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC! 6356B!=;;2G6>=2;!=;!I7E325A5@>3=@!J2Q53!6;E!>36;C4=CC=2;!Q6C!@3?@=6A!=;!5FJ6;E=;:!>I5!Q5C>53;!54L2E=45;>!28! >I5!%453=@6;!#;E?C>3=6A!,5G2A?>=2;S!!M2>!>I6>!5A5@>3=@=>7!Q6C;o>!6A356E7!=;!?C5!632?;E!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!=;!>I5! V__UC!L?>!?;>=A!>I=C!G5;>?35B!5A5@>3=@6A!E=C>3=L?>=2;!Q6C!A=4=>5E!>2!6!85Q!@=>7!LA2@HC!8324!6;7!C2?3@5!28!J2Q53S! (I5!>3545;E2?C!J2>5;>=6A!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!=;CJ=35E!=;;2G6>=G5!935:2;!L?C=;5CC45;!>2!>6H5!>I5! ?;J35@5E5;>5E!3=CH!28!L?=AE=;:!6!>36;C4=CC=2;!A=;5!8324!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!>2!D23>A6;EB!Vc!4=A5C!6Q67S!!.7! C?@@5CC8?AA7!J32G=;:!>I5!856C=L=A=>7!28!A2;:WE=C>6;@5!>36;C4=CC=2;!28!5A5@>3=@=>7B!>I5C5!935:2;!5;>35J35;5?3C! L5@645!>I5!J=2;553C!28!>I5!5A5@>3=@!J2Q53!=;E?C>37S! ! (I5!L3=E:5!CJ6;;=;:!>I5!"=AA645>>5!>I6>!@2;;5@>5E!935:2;!<=>7!>2!>I5!Q5C>!L6;H!6;E!"5C>!$=;;!Q6C!E5C=:;5E! >2!@6337!4235!>I6;!J52JA5S!#>!Q6C!E5C=:;5E!>2!@6337!J2Q53!A=;5CS! ! 935:2;!<=>7!L6;H53!6;E!6>>23;57!'EQ63E!$S!'6C>I64!=;C>6AA5E!6!TUUWI23C5B!cZU!A=:I>!'E=C2;!E7;642!=;!>I5! 'F@5AC=23!6;E!*I2EE7!&=AA!2;!>I5!Q5C>!L6;H!28!>I5!3=G53S!!D2Q53!A=;5C!C>3?;:!6@32CC!>I5!>2J!28!>I5!L3=E:5! >36;C4=>>5E!5A5@>3=@=>7!6@32CC!>I5!3=G53!>2!935:2;!<=>7S!9;!>I5!8=3C>!28!M2G54L53!V___B!935:2;!<=>7!C>355>C!Q535! L3=AA=6;>A7!A=>!L7!J2Q53!8324!"=AA645>>5!)6AACS!! ! "=>I=;!6!Q55HB!'6C>I64!6;E!D23>A6;E!L?C=;5CC46;!D63H53!&2357!823:5E!6!J63>;53CI=J!Q=>I!>I5!=;>5;>=2;!>2!>6J! >I5!35C2?3@5C!28!>I5!)6AAC!>2!A=:I>!>I5!E63H!C>355>C!28!D23>A6;ES!(I5!@24J6;7!>I57!82?;E5E!2;!P?;5!TUB!V___!Q6C! >I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!'A5@>3=@!<24J6;7S!!#>!Q2?AE!L5@245!D23>A6;E!-5;536A!'A5@>3=@B!C>=AA!=;!2J536>=2;!>2E67!6>!>I5! )6AAC!6;E!=;!>I5!D6@=8=@!M23>IQ5C>!S!! ! .?>!>36;C4=>>=;:!>I5!J2Q53!8324!935:2;!<=>7!>2!D23>A6;E!Q2?AE!L5!;2!56C7!>6CHS!!)=3C>B!6!E7;642!I2?C5!
$*" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " \:5;536>=;:!JA6;>]!Q2?AE!I6G5!>2!L5!L?=A>!Q=>I=;!>I5!3=G53!L5ES!!<2;C>3?@>=2;!L5:6;!2;!>I5!56C>!L6;H!28!6!;5Q! J2Q53I2?C5B!;645E!b*>6>=2;!%Bb!2G53!6!L6C6A>!A5E:5!2;!%L53;5>I7!#CA6;E!@6AA5E!.A6@H!D2=;>S!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! (((((((((((((((((((?#"#$%&(-(,*&*+"#*.(*'*0#+$0$#:(#%(=%+#'"&54(#2*(8$+.#('%&,<5$.#"&0*(#+"&.6$..$%&($&(!%+#2(-6*+$0"( ! %!C5@2;E!6;E!L=::53!J32LA54!Q6C!I2Q!>2!@2;C>3?@>!6!J2Q53!A=;5!Vc!4=A5C!=;!A5;:>IS!!#;!V__aB!;2!5;E56G23!28!>I6>! 46:;=>?E5!I6E!5G53!L55;!6>>54J>5E!=;!M23>I!%453=@6S!"I6>!H=;E!28!=;C?A6>23C!@2?AE!L5!?C5Eg!!+2Q!4?@I! J2Q53!@2?AE!L5!>36;C4=>>5E!2G53!6!C=;:A5!Q=35g! ! (I5!L?=AE53C!28!>I5!A=;5!>22H!;2!@I6;@5C!2;!>I5!J2Q53!Y?5C>=2;S!!9;!&63@I!ZB!V__aB!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!'A5@>3=@!A5>! 6!@2;>36@>!823!C5>>=;:!J2A5C!6;E!C>3=;:=;:!C=F!Q=35C!8324!935:2;!<=>7!>2!D23>A6;ES!!%JJ32F=46>5A7!Vc!4=A5C!28!I=:I! >5;C=2;!>36;C4=CC=2;!A=;5!36;!6@32CC!>I5!L3=E:5!>2!>I5!Q5C>!L6;HB!;23>I!6A2;:!,=G53!,26EB!6;E!6A2;:!D23>A6;E! .2?A5G63ES!!(I=C!J32X5@>!Q6C!@24JA5>5E!=;!A5CC!>I6;!>I355!42;>ICS! ! &?A>=JA5!A=;5C!6>!A2Q!G2A>6:5!Q535!?C5E!>2!>36;C4=>!>I5!J2Q53S!!(I5!23=:=;6A!@2;C>3?@>=2;!@2;C=C>5E!28!V_!Q=35C! J53!J2A5!2;!>I355!@32CC!634CS!(I6>!46H5C!6!:36;E!>2>6A!28!cU!Q=35C!6;E!=;C?A6>23C!J53!J2A5!823!>I5!Vc!4=A5!A5;:>I! 28!>I5!A=;5S!!#8!>I5!J2A5C!Q535!CJ6@5E!VZU͛!6J63>B!>I5;!caU!J2A5C!Q535!?C5E!823!>I5!Vc!4=A5!A=;5S!(I6>!456;C! C245>I=;:!=;!>I5!;5=:IL23I22E!28!TUBUUU!=;C?A6>23C!Q535!=;!?C5!2;!>I5!A=;5!L7!V_aUS!\N55J!=;!4=;EB!>I=C!=C!6! J2Q53!A=;5!6;E!;2>!6!>5A5JI2;5!23!>5A5:36JI!A=;5S]!
%%6?1.5%D2+2"?;%E%1+,%A?7+2.<%?;%2>.%.+,2%,"<.%?8%2>.%F"AA+0.22.%G"H.5$%-5+;,0",,"?;%A";.,%5+;% 8"5,2%2>5?/#>%.+<";#%?H.5%2>",%J5"<#.%+;<%?;%2?%6?52A+;<$%% ! %>!VU!J4!2;!P?;5!`B!V__aB!6!CQ=>@I!Q6C!>I32Q;!=;!>I5!;5QA7!L?=A>!J2Q53I2?C5!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6;E!2;5!28! 82?3!`TSZ!H=A2Q6>>!bM2S!_!.3?CI!63@!A=:I>!E7;642Cb!J?4J5E!5;2?:I!5A5@>3=@=>7!2G53!Vc!4=A5C!28!Q=35!>2!A=:I>!ZZ!
%+" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " @63L2;!63@!C>355>!A64JC!=;!E2Q;>2Q;!D23>A6;EͶ>I5!8=3C>!A2;:!E=C>6;@5!>36;C4=CC=2;!28!5A5@>3=@=>7!=;!>I5!M23>I! %453=@6S!!!! ! .58235!>I5!7563!Q6C!2G53B!VV!E=35@>W@?335;>!63@!A=:I>=;:!:5;536>23C!Q535!E36Q=;:!J2Q53!8324!>I5!)6AAC!6;E! A=:I>=;:!>I5!C>355>C!28!D23>A6;ES!!0;823>?;6>5A7!=;!563A7!)5L3?637!28!V_aUB!8A22EQ6>53C!36G6:5E!>I5!C>3?@>?35C! L?=A>!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AACS!.?>!>I5!=;;2G6>23C!I6E!J6G5E!>I5!Q67S!!*>6>=2;!%!Q6C!L32?:I>!L6@H!2;A=;5!Q=>I=;!6!85Q! 42;>IC!6;E!>I5!>=;7!J2Q53I2?C5!Q6C!823>=8=5EB!5FJ6;E5E!6;E!3542E5A5ES!'FJ53=45;>6A!6A>53;6>=;:!@?335;>!\%<]! :5;536>23C!23E535E!8324!-523:5!"5C>=;:I2?C5!Q535!CI=JJ5E!=;!>I5!CJ3=;:!28!V_aU!>2!935:2;!<=>7S!(I5!8=3C>! A2;:WE=C>6;@5!>36;C4=CC=2;!28!6A>53;6>=;:!@?335;>!Q6C!8324!*>6>=2;!%!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AACB!L?>!>I5!E6>5!=C!;2>! @53>6=;S!9;5!C2?3@5!@A6=4C!>I5!%23C!Q535!2;A=;5!=;!A6>5!P?;5!28!V_aUd!6;2>I53!CJ5@?A6>5C!>I6>!=>!Q6C!=;! 563A7!*5J>54L53!28!>I6>!7563S!!!! ! 4'-%,C$'**A!(H#*!'L'1(!#*!%$&0*(!?',(%#1$E!(H'!P#,*(!$01-!C#*(%1?'!(,%1*&#**#01!%1C!C#*(,#VJ(#01!0P! %$(',1%(#1-!?J,,'1(!#1!(H'!I0,$CY!! ! <2;C>3?@>=2;!28!6!;5Q!J2Q53!JA6;>!L5:6;!=;!V_a`!2;!>I5!Q5C>!L6;H!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AACS!<6AA5E!*>6>=2;!.!\A6>53! ;645E!>I5!(S!"S!*?AA=G6;!DA6;>]B!>I=C!J2Q53!JA6;>!Q6C!2;A=;5!>36;C4=>>=;:!5A5@>3=@=>7!>I32?:I2?>!>I5!35:=2;! 15@54L53!VB!V_aZB!6A42C>!2;5!7563!L58235!J2Q53!Q6C!>6JJ5E!6>!M=6:636!)6AAC!823!>36;C4=CC=2;!6;E!E=C>3=L?>=2;!! >2!.?886A2B!M5Q!/23HS!
(=GH͛Ɛd͘t͘^ƵůůŝǀĂŶWůĂŶƚ͕%&(#2*(1*.#(7"&>(%8(D$''"6*##*(B"''.( ( (I5!(S!"S!*?AA=G6;!JA6;>!=C!C>=AA!=;!2J536>=2;S!!.7!VaU`!>I=C!C>6>=2;!I6E!V`!J2Q53!:5;536>=;:!C5@>=2;C!6;E!6! :5;536>=;:!@6J6@=>7!28!ZBfcU!H"S!!#>!=C!>I5!C5@2;E!2AE5C>!2J536>=;:!I7E325A5@>3=@!JA6;>!=;!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!6;E! >I5!2AE5C>!I7E325A5@>3=@!JA6;>!Q5C>!28!>I5!&=CC=CC=JJ=S! ! M2>!2;A7!E=E!(I5!)6AAC!@2;>3=L?>5!>2!>I5!563A=5C>!I7E325A5@>3=@!J2Q53!E5G5A2J45;>!=;!>I5!;6>=2;B!J35@5E=;:!>I6>! 28!M=6:636!)6AACB!>I57!6AC2!:5;536>5E!82?3!>2!C=F!>=45C!4235!I7E32J2Q53!>I6;!>I5!=;E?C>3=6A!I?L!28!$2Q5AAB! &6CC6@I?C5>>CS!!#;!>I5!A6>5!Va>I!@5;>?37B!6!;?4L53!28!J?LA=@6>=2;C!3585335E!>2!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6C!>I5! ͞EŝĂŐĂƌĂŽĨƚŚĞWĂĐŝĨŝĐ͟ŽƌƚŚĞ͞>ŽǁĞůůŽĨƚŚĞWĂĐŝĨŝĐ!<26C>͘͟! ! (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!'A5@>3=@!<24J6;7!6;E!>I5!>5;6@=2?C!CJ=3=>!28!>I5C5!563A7!5;>35J35;5?3CB!6C=E5!8324! J32G=E=;:!J2Q53!>2!935:2;!<=>7!6;E!D23>A6;EB!I5AJ5E!?CI53!=;!6!;5Q!536!28!5A5@>3=@!=;;2G6>=2;!=;!>I5!0;=>5E! %!" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " *>6>5C!6;E!>I5!Q23AES!!"I6>!I6JJ5;5E!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!@I6;:5E!A=85!=;!%453=@6S! ( I2*(D$''"6*##*(B"''.(F%0>.(@*6%9*("(I+"5*(`"++$*+( (I5!Va>I!@5;>?37!C5>>A545;>!6;E!=;E?C>3=6A!=;;2G6>=2;C!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q2?AE!;2>!I6G5!L55;!J2CC=LA5!Q=>I2?>! ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝŶŐŝŶŶŽǀĂƚŝŽŶƐŝŶƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂƚŝŽŶ͘^ŚŝƉƐ͕ĨĞƌƌŝĞƐ͕ůŽĐŬƐ͕ďƌŝĚŐĞƐ͕ĂŶĚƚƌĂŝŶƐŚĞůƉĞĚĨƵĞůƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛Ɛ ĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚĂŶĚŵĂĚĞƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛ƐƉƌŽĚƵĐƚƐ5FJ23>6LA5!>2!>I5!;5Q!;6>=2;!6;E!>2!Q23AE!463H5>CS!! ! (I5!E5@A=;5!28!>I5!Q5C>!@26C>!8?3!>36E5!A5E!>2!6;!=;@356C5E!35A=6;@5!2;!8=CI=;:S!%C!>I5!L?C=;5CC!:35Q!6;E!L5@645! 4235!@24453@=6AB!>I5!;55E!823!A63:53!CI=JC!>2!I6;EA5!>I5!=;@356C5!=;!8=CI!G2A?45!L5@645!356E=A7!6JJ635;>S! <6;546IB!A2@6>5E!6EX6@5;>!>2!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6;E!Q=>I=;!>I5!M+%!C>?E7!6356B!L5@645!>I5!CI=JL?=AE=;:! @5;>53!823!>I5!35:=2;S!#;!>I5!Tf!7563C!L5>Q55;!V_ZV!6;E!V_f_B!Tf!C>564CI=JC!Q535!L?=A>!=;!>I5!@=>7B!>2!>36;CJ23>! QI56>B!L558B!6:3=@?A>?35!6;E!>=4L53!J32E?@>C!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!O6AA57!>2!E=C>6;>!463H5>C!=;!<6A=823;=6B!%C=6B!6;E! >I32?:I2?>!>I5!Q23AES! ! +2Q5G53B!>I535!Q6C!2;5!I?:5!2LC>6@A5[!"=AA645>>5!)6AACS!! ! "6>53!>36G5A!6L2G5!>I5!)6AAC!Q6C!6A42C>!5F@A?C=G5A7!@2;E?@>5E!L7!>I5!>3=L5C!?C=;:!@6;25C!QI5;!'?32W%453=@6;! C5>>A545;>!L5:6;S!.7!V_ZVB!4235!>I6;!f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
!! !!!!!!! ! ((( B$,;(P
%#" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " %C!563A7!6C!V_ccB!13S!&@$2?:IA=;!5;G=C=2;5E!L?=AE=;:!6!C7C>54!28!A2@HCB!L?>!JA6;C!Q535!;5G53!356A=R5ES!!.7!V_^VB! 6!32?>5!823!A2@HC!Q6C!C?3G575ES!!15CJ=>5!2JJ2C=>=2;!6;E!@24J5>=>=2;!L7!=;8A?5;>=6A!45;!C?@I!6C!.5;!+2AA6E67B!6! ;6>=2;6A!>36;CJ23>6>=2;!>7@22;!L?C=A7!A67=;:!>36@HC!C2?>IQ63E!6A2;:!>I5!56C>53;!L6;H!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53S! (I5!V_fT!935:2;!$5:=CA6>?35!5G5;>?6AA7!6JJ32G5E!6!pTUUBUUU!C?LC=E7!>2!>I5!"=AA645>>5!$2@HC!6;E!<6;6A! <24J6;7!>2!I5AJ!8=;=CI!>I5!J32X5@>S!<24JA5>5E!=;!V_f`B!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6G=:6>=2;6A!<6;6A!6;E!$2@HC!Q535! I?:5A7!=4J23>6;>!823!?J3=G53!835=:I>!>36;CJ23>B!5CJ5@=6AA7!823!42G=;:!=445;C5!A2:!368>C!=;!A6>53!7563CS!!9G53! VUUBUUU!>2;C!28!:22EC!Q5;>!>I32?:I!>I5!<6;6A!6;E!$2@HC!=;!>I5!8=3C>!82?3!42;>IC!28!VacU!6A2;5S!!<24453@=6A! >3688=@!J56H5E!=;!Vac`S!! ! dŚĞůŽĐŬƐĂƌĞĐŽŶƐƚƌƵĐƚĞĚŽĨƚŚĞŵŽƐƚĞŶĚƵƌŝŶŐ͕ŵĂƐƐŝǀĞ͕ĂŶĚƐƵďƐƚĂŶƚŝĂůŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ͙ďƵŝůƚ10(!&','$E!P0,!(H'! N,'*'1(A!VJ(!I#(H!C#,'?(!%1C!'UN,'**!,'P','1?'!(0!PJ(J,'!,'*J$(*!a3,'-01#%1A!D%1!>A!<\f>A!>W
%$" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" "
!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ϭϴϵϬ/ŵĂŐĞŽĨKƌĞŐŽŶ͛ƐŚĂŝŶĐŽŶŶĞĐƚŝŶŐWŽƌƚůĂŶĚ͛ƐĐŽŵŵĞƌĐĞ͕KƐǁĞŐŽ͛ƐŝƌŽŶg!KƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJ͛ƐƉŽǁĞƌʹ!20(HI#?R2%((E!! ! dŚĞĚŝƐĐŽǀĞƌLJŽĨŵŝŶĞƌĂůǁĞĂůƚŚŝŶKƐǁĞŐŽĂŶĚƚŚĞĞdžƉĞĐƚĂƚŝŽŶƚŚĂƚƚŚĞƚŽǁŶǁŽƵůĚďĞĐŽŵĞƚŚĞ͞WŝƚƚƐďƵƌŐŽĨ ƚŚĞtĞƐƚ͟ĂƚƚƌĂĐƚĞĚǁŽƌŬĞƌƐĨƌŽŵĂ@32CC!>I5!;6>=2;!68>53!>I5!<=G=A!"63S!!(I5!@24J6;7!54JA275E!fUU!Q23H53C!6>! =>C!J56H!=;!>I5!V_aUCS!!*H=AA5E!Q23H53C!Q535!E36Q;!46=;A7!8324!>I5!M23>I56C>!6;E!&=EQ5C>S!!9>I53C!@645!8324! -5346;7B!)36;@5B!6;E!.5A:=?4S! ! /ƌŽŶĨƌŽŵKƐǁĞŐŽŚĞůƉĞĚďƵŝůĚƚŚĞŝŶĨƌĂƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞŽĨƚŚĞWĂĐŝĨŝĐEŽƌƚŚǁĞƐƚ͘͞KƌĞŐŽŶƌĂŶĚWŝŐ/ƌŽŶ͟ǁĂƐƐŽůĚƚŽ 82?;E3=5C!=;!*6;!)36;@=C@2B!D23>A6;EB!*56>>A5B!6;E!O6;@2?G53B!.3=>=CI!<2A?4L=6S!!#>!Q6C!?C5E!=;!>I5!<5;>36A!D6@=8=@! ZĂŝůǁĂLJ͕ŝŶ^ĂŶ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ͛ƐĨŝƌƐƚŝƚLJ,Ăůů͕ĂŶĚŝŶWŽƌƚůĂŶĚ͛ƐŵĂŐŶŝĨŝĐĞŶƚĐĂƐƚŝƌŽŶĂƌĐŚŝƚĞĐƚƵƌĞ͘dŚĞKƐǁĞŐŽWŝƉĞ )2?;E37B!QI=@I!2J536>5E!?;>=A!VaT_B!Q6C!>I5!8=3C>!J=J5!Q23HC!Q5C>!28!*>S!$2?=CS!!#>!46;?86@>?35E!J=J5!823!>I5!*6;! &ƌĂŶĐŝƐĐŽ'ĂƐůŝŐŚƚŽŵƉĂŶLJĂŶĚĨŽƌWŽƌƚůĂŶĚ͛ƐƵůůZƵŶ!"6>53!*7C>54S!! ! (I5!8?3;6@5!Q6C!>I5!@5;>53J=5@5!28!6;!=;E?C>37!>I6>!=;@A?E5E!4235!>I6;!T`BUUU!6@35C!28!>=4L53A6;ECB!>Q2! @24J6;7WŽǁŶĞĚƚŽǁŶƐŝƚĞƐ͕ǁŽƌŬĞƌƐ͛ŚŽƵƐŝŶŐ͕ŵŝŶĞƐ͕ƌĂŝůƌŽĂĚƐĂŶĚƉŽǁĞƌŐĞŶĞƌĂƚŝŶŐĨĂĐŝůŝƚŝĞƐ͘/ŶϭϴϳϵƚŚĞ C5@2;E!2Q;53C!28!>I5!@24J6;7!6@Y?=35E!>I5!Q6>53!3=:I>C!>2!9CQ5:2!$6H5!6;E!>I5!@6;6A!A=;H=;:!=>!>2!>I5!(?6A6>=;! ,=G53S!!(I=C!Q6C!>I5!8=3C>!;6G=:6>=2;!@6;6A!=;!935:2;B!@24JA5>5E!=;!9@>2L53!V_f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x ƌ͘:ŽŚŶDĐ>ŽƵŐŚůŝŶ͕ĨŽƵŶĚĞƌŽĨKƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJ͕ŚŝĞĨ&ĂĐƚŽƌĨŽƌ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJ͕&ĂƚŚĞƌŽĨKƌĞŐŽŶ! 7U#*(#1-!,'*0J,?'W!!G?M0J-H$#1!+0J*'!<\`d!ʹ!J1#(!0P!@%(#01%$!B%,R!9',L#?'! x 13S!)23L5C!.63@A67B!
%%" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " x &ƌĂŶĐŝƐ ƌŵĂƚŝŶŐĞƌ͛ƐŚŽŵĞŝŶKƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJʹ!C6=E!>2!L5!>I5!C=>5!28!>I5!I=C>23=@!@2=;!>2CC!E5@=E=;:!>I5!;645! 823!<=>7!28!D23>A6;ES! 7U#*(#1-!,'*0J,?'W!!7,&%(#1-',!+0J*'!<\`:! x +=364!*>36=:I>B!5A5@>5E!35J35C5;>6>=G5!>2!A5:=CA6>?35!28!>I5!(533=>23=6A!-2G53;45;>! 7U#*(#1-!,'*0J,?'W!!*>36=:I>!D=2;553!<545>537!\935:2;!<=>7]! x <6J>6=;!%=;CQ23>IB!82?;E53!28!,5E2;E2!.56@IB!<%B!>I5!935:2;!*>564CI=J!M6G=:6>=2;!<24J6;7B!6;E!6! L6;H53!!! 7U#*(#1-!,'*0J,?'[!!%=;CQ23>I!+2?C5B!V_ZV!\935:2;!<=>7]! x *64!.63A2QB!5C>6LA=CI5E!6!32?>5!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!8324!&>!+22E!>2!935:2;!<=>7! 7U#*(#1-!,'*0J,?'[!!>I5!.63A2Q!,26EB!(2AA:6>5B!DI=A=J!)2C>53!)634! x ^ĂŵƵĞůdŚƵƌƐƚŽŶůŝǀĞĚŝŶ>ŝŶŶŝƚLJ͕KƌĞŐŽŶ͛ƐĨŝƌƐƚ!5A5@>5E!35J35C5;>6>=G5!>2!>I5!0*!<2;:35CC!=;!V_ca! QI535!I5!J=2;5535E!>I5!12;6>=2;!$6;E!
(((((B$,;(S<ϯ:ŽƐĞƉŚ͞:ŽĞ͟DĞĞŬ(<
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aZc!6;E!823!J56@5!=;!Va^T]S!!
%'" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 6&N0,(%1(!#&&#-,%1(!-,0JN*!%,,#L'C!CJ,#1-!(H'!61CJ*(,#%$!N',#0C! ! 6,01!"0,R',*!/%&'!P,0&!71-$%1C!%1C!Q9!7%*(!/0%*(! &6;7!28!>I5!=32;!4=;53CB!C?@I!6C!P645C!+S!D245327B!>I5!<23;=CI!*?J53=;>5;E5;>!28!>I5!&=;5CB!@645!8324!>I5! .3=>=CI!#CA5CS!!)=G5!28!I=C!C2;C!L5@645!4=;=;:!5;:=;553CS!!(I5!D245327!L27C!Q535!@A2C5!83=5;EC!6;E!L?C=;5CC! 6CC2@=6>5C!Q=>I!85AA2Q!*>6;823E!:36E?6>5B!+53L53>!+22G53B!QI2!L5@645!>I5!`VC>!D35C=E5;>!28!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5CS! " dŚĞƐĞĐŽŶĚŽǁŶĞƌƐŽĨƚŚĞŝƌŽŶǁŽƌŬƐǁĞƌĞĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞĚŝƌŽŶŵĞŶĨƌŽŵKŚŝŽ͛Ɛ,ĂŶŐŝŶŐZŽĐŬ/ƌŽŶZĞŐŝŽŶ͘dŚĞLJ 35@3?=>5E!46;7!Q23H53C!8324!>I5=3!2AE!C>64J=;:!:32?;ES!!#;!V__`B!2;5!J63>7!28!ZU!=44=:36;>C!8324!#32;>2;B! 9I=2!46E5!>I5!A2;:!X2?3;57!>2!9CQ5:2!L7!CI=J!6;E!L7!36=AS!!! ! /H#1'*'!I0,R',*! 9;5!=4J23>6;>!:32?J!28!Q23H53C!2;!>I5!$2@HC!6;E!=32;!=;E?C>37!@645!8324! %(" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " /H%N(',!>W!!8H'&'*!0P!(H'!!!"##$%&''&()$##*(+&,"'$-&(.,&$( ŶĚŽĨƚŚĞKƌĞŐŽŶdƌĂŝůΘĞŐŝŶŶŝŶŐŽĨŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛ƐWĂĐŝĨŝĐĞƐƚŝŶLJ! "H','!^ĞƚƚůĞŵĞŶƚΘ/ŶĚƵƐƚƌLJ^ĞĐƵƌĞĚƚŚĞEĂƚŝŽŶ͛ƐŽƵŶĚĂƌŝĞƐĨƌŽŵ^ĞĂƚŽ^ŚŝŶŝŶŐ^ĞĂ! ͙͘ďĞĐĂƵƐĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚƉŽǁĞƌĂŶĚƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞƐŝŶĂďƵŶĚĂŶĐĞ͘( ( I5!:356>!)6AAC!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!635!>I5!46=;!6>>36@>=2;!=;!>I5!J32J2C5E!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A! +53=>6:5!%356S!!#;!>I5!V_UUCB!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!C6=E!>2!L5!>I5!42C>!L56?>=8?A!JA6@5!=;!>I5!"=AA645>>5! (!O6AA57S!!O=C=>!>2E67!>2!C55!Q=CJ7!CJ367!3=C5!Q=>I!>I5!423;=;:!4=C>!6;E!L3=AA=6;>A7!CI=4453!=;!>I5!C5>>=;:!C?;S! (I5!C74JI2;=@!>I?;E53=;:!28!>I5!Q6>53!@356>5C!4?C=@!28!=>C!2Q;S!!#>!C=;:C!>2!?C!28!J2Q53!6;E!6L?;E6;@5B!28! @2;>=;?=>7!6;E!=;:5;?=>7S!! ! d, D s >KWD Ed͗/ƚ͛ƐĂůůĂďŽƵƚƚŚĞǁĂƚĞƌĨĂůů͘(I5!C>23=5C!I535!635!?;=Y?5!L5@6?C5!6;!6L?;E6;@5!28! I?46;!I=C>237!@2;@5;>36>5C!632?;E!6!;6>?36A!856>?35S!!.5@6?C5!28!>I5!#@5!%:5!)A22EC!6;E!E5J2C=>C!28!3=@I!C2=AB! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!L5@645!6!46:;5>!823!C5>>A545;>B!8324!>I5!8=3C>!>3=L6A!:6>I53=;:C!>2!>I5!C5>>A53C!633=G=;:!6>!>I5! ';E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=AS!!.5@6?C5!28!>I5!6@>=2;C!632?;E!>I5!)6AAC!6356B!>I5!5;>=35!935:2;!<2?;>37!L5@645!J63>!28! >I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5C!6;E!;2>!6!J63>!28!-356>!.3=>6=;!23!6;2>I53!5FJA23=;:!;6>=2;S! ! %C!2?3!@=>=R5;C!6;E!5FJ53>C!E=C@?CC5E!J2CC=LA5!>I545CB!=>!Y?=@HA7!L5@645!6JJ635;>!>I6>!6AA!28!2?3!>I545C!8A2Q! ĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƉŽǁĞƌĂŶĚƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶĐĞŽĨtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐ͘tĞǁŽƵůĚŶ͛ƚďĞĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌŝŶŐĂEĂƚŝŽŶĂů,ĞƌŝƚĂŐĞƌĞĂŝŶ >I=C!JA6@5!=8!;2!)6AAC!5F=C>5ES! ! &2>=ǀĂƚĞĚďLJƐƚŽƌŝĞƐŽĨƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛ƐĂďƵŶĚĂŶƚŶĂƚƵƌĂůƌĞƐŽƵƌĐĞƐ͕ƌŝĐŚĨĂƌŵůĂŶĚ͕ŵŝůĚĐůŝŵĂƚĞ͕ĂŶĚĂĐĐĞƐƐƚŽǁŽƌůĚ 463H5>CB!'?32W%453=@6;C!Q6AH5E!6;E!32E5!TBUUUW4=A5C!>2!>I5!';E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!6>!"=AA645>>5!)6AACB!>I5! J3=4637!E5C>=;6>=2;!28!>I5!A63:5C>!I?46;!4=:36>=2;!=;!%453=@6;!I=C>237!6;E!2;5!28!>I5!A63:5C>!=;!Q23AE!I=C>237S!! (I57!J?3C?5E!6!E3564!>I6>!>I57!@2?AE!A=G5!8355!8324!2JJ35CC=2;B!L5A=5G=;:!>I6>!>I57!Q535!42G=;:!>2!6!A=>536A! >ĂŶĚĂƚ ĚĞŶ͛Ɛ'ĂƚĞ͘DĂŶLJďĞůŝĞǀĞĚŝƚǁĂƐŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛Ɛ'ŽĚ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a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ŵĞƌŝĐĂŶƐƚŽƌLJŝƐƚŚĞŚŝƐƚŽƌLJŽĨhŶŝƚĞĚ^ƚĂƚĞƐǁĞƐƚĞƌŶĞdžƉĂŶƐŝŽŶ͕͚ŵĂŶŝĨĞƐƚĚĞƐƚŝŶLJ͕͛ĂŶĚƐĞƚƚůĞŵĞŶƚĂƚƚŚĞ ';E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=AS!!.5@6?C5!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AACB!=;E?C>37!=;!>I5!%453=@6;!"5C>!Q6C!L23;!6;E!35G2A?>=2;637! @I6;:5C!=;!%453=@6;!A=85!Q535!L32?:I>!L7!5A5@>3=@=>7!ʹ!5A5@>3=@=>7!C5;>!Vc!4=A5C!8324!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!>2!D23>A6;ES!! (I5C5!C>23=5C!635!3=J5!823!@223E=;6>5E!=;>53J35>6>=2;S""(I57!J35C5;>!6;!=;>53J35>=G5!83645Q23H!823! ?;E53C>6;E=;:!>I5!;6>=2;6A!=4J23>6;@5!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6;E!>I5!H57!32A5!28!>I5!C5>>A545;>C!6>!>I5!';E!28! ƚŚĞKƌĞŐŽŶdƌĂŝůŝŶƐŚĂƉŝŶŐƚŚĞŶĂƚŝŽŶ͛ƐďŽƵŶĚĂƌŝĞƐ͕ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĞƐĂŶĚǁĂLJŽĨůŝǀŝŶŐ͘! ! 8+7G7W!!!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!#*!(H'!V#,(HN$%?'!0P!#1CJ*(,E!#1!(H'!.&',#?%1!@0,(HI'*(! ! +63;5CC=;:!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!@356>5E!>I5!8=3C>!=;E?C>3=6A=R6>=2;!28!>I5!%453=@6;!M23>IQ5C>!6;E!6!@?A>?35!28! =;;2G6>=2;!35A6>5E!>2!>I5!A6;E!6;E!=>C!35C2?3@5CS!(I5!)6AAC!6AC2!J32G=E5E!>I5!J2Q53!>2!3?;!=;E?C>3=5C!7563W32?;EB! 6!?;=Y?5!C=>?6>=2;!;2>!82?;E!5AC5QI535!=;!>I5!Q5C>S!)324!I535!J32E?@>C!Q535!CI=JJ5E!>2!>I5!Q23AE!6;E!I5AJ5E! 5C>6LA=CI!%453=@6;!5@2;24=@!E24=;6;@5!=;!>I5!D6@=8=@!3=4!35:=2;B!=;@A?E=;:!C?JJ23>!823!;6C@5;>!@2A2;=5C!28! %453=@6;C!=;!<6A=823;=6B!+6Q6==B!6;E!*56>>A5S!!! ! 9JV=(H'&'W!!M01-!C#*(%1?'!(,%1*&#**#01!0P!'$'?(,#?#(E!%(!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!?H%1-'C!(H'!PJ(J,'!0P!(H'! 1%(#01Y! ! (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356!Q6C!6>!>I5!8235832;>!28!>I5!#;E?C>3=6A!,5G2A?>=2;B!Q=>I!>I5!8=3C>!A2;:!E=C>6;@5!5A5@>3=@6A! >36;C4=CC=2;!=;!>I5!;6>=2;B!6!G63=5>7!28!4=AA=;:B!6;E!6;!5G5;>?6A!82@?C!2;!J6J53W46H=;:B!C>=AA!@2;>=;?=;:!>2E67S! ! .5@6?C5!28!>I5!)6AACB!I?:5!4=AAC!2@@?J=5E!>I5!A6;EC@6J5!6A2;:!>I5!3=G53!6;E!J32CJ53=>7!=;!>I5!Va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hapter 4: Affected Environment "6MM.G7887!).MM9Y!!/ƚ͛ƐĂůůĂďŽƵƚƚŚĞǁĂƚĞƌĨĂůů͘(I5!3263=;:!Q6>53C!2G53!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!A?35E!>3=L6A!;6>=2;C! >2!=>C!L6;HC!@5;>?3=5C!6:2!>2!8=CI!E?3=;:!4245;>2?C!3?;C!28!C6A42;!6;E!D6@=8=@!A64J357S!!/2?!@6;!C>=AA!C55!>3=L6A! 454L53C!8=CI=;:!>I535!>2E67S!!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!Q6C!>I5!356C2;!>I6>!>I5!6356!L5@645!>I5!@6>6A7C>!823!%453=@6;! Q5C>53;!5FJ6;C=2;!=;!>I5!Va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c!%453=@6;!+53=>6:5!,=G53C!=;!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5CB!E5C=:;6>5E!L7!>I5!';G=32;45;>6A!D32>5@>=2;! %:5;@7S!(I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!8A2QC!>I32?:I!>I5!I563>!28!>I5!*>?E7!%356B!X2=;C!>I5!<2A?4L=6!,=G53!T^!4=A5C!!! E2Q;C>3564B!6;E!@633=5C!VTWϭϱйŽĨƚŚĞŽůƵŵďŝĂ͛ƐĨůŽǁŽƌĂďŽƵƚϯϬ͕ϴϰϵĐƵĨƚͬƐ͘""" """"""" " 4.1 ±Willamette Falls Heritage Area ! ! ! &!" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " dŚĞϮϬϭϮdŚĞŝƐƐ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƚŝŽŶĂůZŝǀĞƌƉƌŝnjĞ͕ƚŚĞǁŽƌůĚ͛ƐŵŽƐƚƉƌĞƐƚŝŐŝŽƵƐĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚĂůĂǁĂƌĚ͕ǁĂƐƌĞĐĞŶƚůLJŐŝǀĞŶ >2!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!\G=6!&5753!&5423=6A!(3?C>]!=;!35@2:;=>=2;!28!3=G53!35C>236>=2;!6@>=G=>=5CS! " " @A*A(&BC2?.3.9;(D24E5.F24(!.//012332()0//4(.;(GHIJK( P2I;!NS!(2Q;C5;EB!6!;6>?36A=C>!6;E!23;=>I2A2:=C>!2;!>I5!"75>I!>36E=;:!5FJ5E=>=2;B!@6;25E!?J!>I5! "=AA645>>5!,=G53!=;!C563@I!28!CJ5@=5C!6;E!E5C@3=L5C!>I5!)6AAC!6C!>I57!6JJ5635E!=;!V_`c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ĞŽůŽŐŝĐŐŽŽĚĨŽƌƚƵŶĞĐƌĞĂƚĞĚƚŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞsĂůůĞLJ͕ŽŶĞŽĨŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛ƐŵŽƐƚƉƌŽĚƵĐƚŝǀĞĂŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĂů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ϭϬϬ͛ĚĞĞƉŝŶƐŽŵĞƉůĂĐĞƐ͘! " M6>?36A!';G=32;45;>!,5C2?3@5!#;G5;>237[!! VS "#$$%&'(('!4#L',Y!!8I5!L56?>=8?A!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!=C!6!46X23!>3=L?>637!28!>I5!<2A?4L=6!,=G53!6;E!E36=;C!6! 35:=2;!28!VVBcf_!CY?635!4=A5CS!(I5!"=AA645>>5oC!46=;!C>54!=C!V_f!4=A5C!A2;:B!A7=;:!5;>=35A7!=;!M"! 935:2;S!(I5!8355W8A2Q=;:!3=G53!Q6C!;645E!2;5!28!Vc!%453=@6;!+53=>6:5!,=G53C!=;!Vaa_!6;E!6!M6>=2;6A! "6>53!(36=A!=;!TUVTS!(I5!ZUq!L3=E:5C!@32CC=;:!>I5!"=AA645>>5!=;@A?E5!46;7!I=C>23=@!C>3?@>?35CB!JA?C!>I355! 8533=5C!QI=@I!@2;>=;?5!>2!J32G=E5!>36;C=>S!(I5!;645!b"=AA645>>5b!@645!8324!>I5!)35;@I!J32;?;@=6>=2;! 28!>I5!;645!28!6! &$" " " 4.4 ± Tribal Groups of the Lower Willamette River ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " A56EC!>I5!=4J32G545;>!6;E!@2;C53G6>=2;!58823>CS!M+%!C>6>?C!@6;!8?3>I53!5;I6;@5!>I5!;6>?36A!6L?;E6;@5!28!>I5! ůĂŶĚƐĐĂƉĞƵƉŽŶǁŚŝĐŚƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛ƐƚƌĂĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůŵĂũŽƌĐŽŵŵĞƌĐŝĂůŵĂƌŬĞƚƐĚĞƉĞŶĚ͕ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐĨŝƐŚŝŶŐ͕ƚŝŵďĞƌ͕ĂŶĚ 6:3=@?A>?35S!!%!>63:5>5E!5@2A2:=@6A!C>36>5:7!@6;!I5AJ!J35G5;>!8A22E=;:B!=4J32G5!>I5!I56A>I!6;E!Q5AA!L5=;:!28!A2@6A! 35C=E5;>CB!J32G=E5!I56A>I=53!6;E!4235!6L?;E6;>!A2@6A!822E!C2?3@5CB!=;@356C5!35@356>=2;6A!2J>=2;CB!6;E!6@Y?=35! 4235!2J5;!CJ6@5!6;E!J63HA6;E!823!J35C53G6>=2;!6;E!35C>236>=2;!28!3=J63=6;!C7C>54CS! ! 09*$9&:*(7,.%9&+,.( (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356!I6C!6AQ67C!L55;!6!46:;5>S!!)23!6>!A56C>!VZBUUU!7563CB!>I5!35C=E5;>! &%" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " `Y 2%,?$%E!+0J*'[!!V_ZU!I245!28!13S!)23L5C!.63@A67B!+.23B!JI7C=@=6;B!46723B!@2?;>7!@232;53B! C@I22A!C?J53=;>5;E5;>!ʹ!6AC2!6!?;=>!28!>I5!M6>=2;6A!D63H!*53G=@5S!!9J5;!>2!>I5!J?LA=@!ʹ!8355S! ]Y 7,&%(#1-',!+0J*'[!!V_cZ!)5E536AWƐƚLJůĞŚŽŵĞŽĨ&ƌĂŶĐŝƐ ƌŵĂƚŝŶŐĞƌǁŚŽŵĂƌƌŝĞĚDĐ>ŽƵŐŚůŝŶ͛Ɛ :36;EEĂƵŐŚƚĞƌ͕ĂƚŚĞƌŝŶĞ͘,ĞƌĂŶ,ƵĚƐŽŶ͛ƐĂLJŽŵƉĂŶLJƐƚŽƌĞŝŶKƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJ͘KŶĞŽĨƚŚĞŽůĚĞƐƚŚŽŵĞƐ =;!935:2;B!=>!=C!6AC2!QI535!6!8642?C!@2=;!>2CC!E5>534=;5E!>I5!;645!28!>I5!@=>7!28!D23>A6;ES!! &&" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " <]Y G%*01#?!8'&N$'W!!&?A>;246I!$2E:5!rV!@I63>53!\8=3C>!&6C2;=@!$2E:5!Q5C>!28!>I5!,2@H=5C]!Q6C!E5A=G535E! >2!935:2;!<=>7!G=6!>I5!935:2;!(36=A!=;!*5J>54L53!V_c_S!!$2@6>5E[!fUf!&6=;!*>355>B!9 &'" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 7,",=,*%>?,@$(%A(BCD:+&,(A%&?,&(E:>,&(6#**(5#$,( (I5!42C>!C=:;=8=@6;>!2JJ23>?;=>7!=;!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%!>2E67!=C!>I5!35E5G5A2J45;>!28!>I5!823453!.A?5!+532;! D6J53!&=AA!C=>5!@6AA5E!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!$5:6@7!D32X5@>S!!(I=C!T`W6@35!I=C>23=@!A2@6>=2;!=C!@?335;>A7!?;E53:2=;:!6! J?LA=@!&6C>53!DA6;;=;:!J32@5CC!Q=>I!J63>;53!X?3=CE=@>=2;C!935:2;!<=>7B! &(" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " ƚƌŝďĂůŐĂƚŚĞƌŝŶŐƉůĂĐĞǁŚĞƌĞŐŽŽĚƐǁĞƌĞĞdžĐŚĂŶŐĞĚ͕͚&ŝƌƐƚ^ĂůŵŽŶ͛ǁĞƌĞĐĞůĞďƌĂƚĞĚ͕ĂŶĚĨĞƐƚŝǀĂůƐŽĐĐƵƌƌĞĚ͘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fUS!\&6@<2AAB!Va__[!VZU[!J%5*'%+!Z#8$/%+2!*5J>S!T_B!V_fU]! ! #;!V_^_B!.5;!+2AA6E67B!6!ŶĂƚŝŽŶĂůĨŝŐƵƌĞŝŶƚŚĞĚĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚŽĨŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛ƐƚƌĂŶƐƉŽƌƚĂƚŝŽŶƐLJƐƚĞŵB!633=G5E!=;! 935:2;B!=;>5;>!2;!@2;;5@>=;:!935:2;!6;E!<6A=823;=6!Q=>I!6!;5Q!36=A!A=;5!6;E!?C5E!I=C!Q56A>I!6;E!J2Q53!>2!>37!>2! C>2J!23!E5A67!>I5!@2;C>3?@>=2;!28!>I5!@6;6A!6;E!A2@HCS! ! 8H'!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!M0?R*!!! %8>53!46;7!86=A5E!6>>54J>C!>2!5C>6LA=CI!6!A2@H!C7C>54!>2!L7J6CC!>I5!)6AACB!J3=G6>5!=;G5C>23C!8=;6AA7!2J5;5E!>I5! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!$2@HC!=;!V_f`S!(I5!0S*S!%347!<23JC!28!';:=;553C!J?3@I6C5E!>I5!$2@HC!=;!Va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ĂŶĚĂƌĂƌĞĞdžĂŵƉůĞŽĨĂŶŝŶƚĂĐƚƉŝĞĐĞŽĨŵĞƌŝĐĂ͛Ɛ @6;6A!L?=AE=;:!536S! ! G%X0,!/,0**,0%C*!! #;!>I5!TU>I!@5;>?37B!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356!@2;>=;?5E!>2!L5!6!46X23!@32CC!326E!6;E!>36;CJ23>6>=2;!@233=E23S!#;! VaTTB!@24JA5>=2;!28!>I5!935:2;!<=>7!%3@I!.3=E:5!6;E!>I5!D6@=8=@!+=:IQ67!>I32?:I!935:2;!<=>7!46E5!J2CC=LA5!6! VB^UUW4=A5!@2;>=;?2?C!0S*S!32?>5!356@I=;:!8324!<6;6E6!>2!>I5!&5F=@6;!L23E53S!(I=C!326E!6;E!=>C!C?@@5CC23B! /ŶƚĞƌƐƚĂƚĞϱ͕ďĞĐĂŵĞƚŚĞŵŽƐƚŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŚŝŐŚǁĂLJƐŽŶƚŚĞtĞƐƚŽĂƐƚ͕ĂŶĚŐƌĂĚƵĂůůLJƚŽŽŬƚŚĞůŝŽŶ͛ƐƐŚĂƌĞŽĨ CI=JJ=;:!288!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53S!!! " 8H'!2,#C-'!(H%(!/%,,#'C!(H'!)#,*(!7$'?(,#?#(E! %!Q2ŽĚĞŶďƌŝĚŐĞŽƉĞŶĞĚEŽǀ͘ϭ͕ϭϴϴϴďĞƚǁĞĞŶKƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJĂŶĚƚŽĚĂLJ͛ƐtĞƐƚ>ŝŶŶ͕ƐƵƉƉůĂŶƚŝŶŐƚŚĞĨĞƌƌLJ͘(I=C! Q6C!>I5!8=3C>!C?CJ5;C=2;!L3=E:5!Q5C>!28!>I5!&=CC=CC=JJ=!6;E!?C5E!,25LA=;:!Q=35!@6LA5CS!.?>!=>C!:356>!=4J23>6;@5! A=5C!=;!>I5!86@>!>I6>!=>!@633=5E!>I5!J2Q53!@6LA5C!6@32CC!>I5!3=G53!=;!P?;5!28!V__a!>I6>!A=>!E2Q;>2Q;!D23>A6;E!6>! ;=:I>!823!>I5!8=3C>!>=45[!!>I5!8=3C>!A2;:!E=C>6;@5!>36;C4=CC=2;!28!5A5@>3=@=>7!=;!M23>I!%453=@6S!!(I5!C?@@5CC23!L3=E:5B! >I5!C>3=H=;:A7!E5C=:;5E!VaTT!<2;E5!&@I5!2;A7!2;5!28!=>C!H=;E!=;!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5CS!!(I5!.3=E:5!28853C!>I5!2;A7! E=35@>!@2;;5@>=2;!L5>Q55;!"5C>!$=;;!6;E!935:2;!<=>7!823!6?>242L=A5C!6;E! J5E5C>3=6;C!6;E!I6C!6!CJ5@>6@?A63!G=5Q!28!>I5!)6AAC!6356S!#>!C>=AA!@633=5C!J2Q53! ĂŶĚǁĂƚĞƌĂĐƌŽƐƐƚŚĞϭϮϬ͛ĚĞĞƉƌŝǀĞƌďĞůŽǁ͘! ! (I5!%3@I!.3=E:5!=C!A=C>5E!2;!>I5!M6>=2;6A!,5:=C>53!28!+=C>23=@!DA6@5C!6;E!Q6C! CJ5@>6@?A63A7!6;E!5F>5;C=G5A7!35;2G6>5E!L7!>I5!935:2;!15J63>45;>!28! " 4.12 ± Transportation Network &*" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " (36;CJ23>6>=2;!=;!TUVTS!!(I5!.3=E:5!35;2G6>=2;!J32X5@>!Q2;!6;!6Q63E!8324!>I5!#;>53;6>=2;6A!.3=E:5!<2;8535;@5! ĨŽƌ͞ŽƵƚƐƚĂŶĚŝŶŐĂĐŚŝĞǀĞŵĞŶƚŝŶďƌŝĚŐĞĞŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐĚĞŵŽŶƐƚƌĂƚŝŶŐĂƌƚŝƐƚŝĐŵĞƌŝƚĂŶĚŝŶŶŽǀĂƚŝŽŶŝŶƚŚĞ ƌĞƐƚŽƌĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚƌĞŚĂďŝůŝƚĂƚŝŽŶŽĨďƌŝĚŐĞƐŽĨŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐŽƌĞŶŐŝŶĞĞƌŝŶŐƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶĐĞ͘͟dŚ5!J32X5@>!6AC2!35@5=G5E!6;! 935:2;!+53=>6:5!'F@5AA5;@5!%Q63E!=;!&67!TUV`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jjQQQS@=S2CQ5:2S23S?CjJ63HC35@j2CQ5:2W=32;WI53=>6:5W>36=A]( ( 7CJ?%(#01%$!4'*0J,?'*! %AA!28!>I5!I53=>6:5!5E?@6>=2;!35C2?3@5C!Q=>I=;!>I5!6356!635!A=4=>5E!=;!>I5=3!356@I!L5@6?C5!42C>!35A7!@I=58A7!?J2;! ǀŽůƵŶƚĞĞƌƐƚĂĨĨŝŶŐĂŶĚĐĂŶŽŶůLJŽĨĨĞƌůŝŵŝƚĞĚƉƵďůŝĐĂĐĐĞƐƐŚŽƵƌƐ͘/ŶƚŚĞƉĂƐƚĨŝǀĞLJĞĂƌƐ͕ƚŚƌĞĞŽĨƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛Ɛ I=C>237!4?C5?4C!6;E!C=>5C!@A2C5E!>54J2363=A7!823!A6@H!28!8?;E=;:S!!(I32?:I!=;>5;C5!6;E!I532=@!G2A?;>553!58823>CB! >Q2!28!>I5!4?C5?4C!635!;2Q!3582@?C5E!6;E!I6G5!35W2J5;5E!Q=>I!;5Q!J32:3644=;:S!!(I5!J2>5;>=6A!823! =;@356C5E!5E?@6>=2;6A!28853=;:C!=C!A=4=>A5CCS! ! dŚĞĐŽƵŶƚLJ͛ƐůĂƌŐĞƐƚŵƵƐĞƵŵ͕ƚŚĞDƵƐĞƵŵ28!>I5!935:2;!(533=>237!\&99(]B!46=;>6=;C!J5346;5;>!5FI=L=>C!6;E! CJ5@=6A!5FI=L=>C!J53>6=;=;:!>2!@2?;>7!I53=>6:5!6;E!I=C>237S!(I5!4?C5?4!I2?C5C!6!Q5AAW?C5E!35C563@I!K!:5;56A2:7! A=L3637!46=;>6=;5E!L7! ZS GJ*'J&!0P!(H'!3,'-01!8',,#(0,E!%1C!9('L'1*=/,%IP0,C!+',#(%-'! " +0J*'!ʹ!>2?3CB!J32:364C!823!C>?E5;>C!6;E!:32?JCB!6;E!I6;ECW2;! 4.8 ± Flintknapping workshop 6@>=G=>=5CS! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!J3.*36(%8(#2*(C+*,%&(I*++$#%+:( '!" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " 1?3=;:!>I5!C?4453!42;>ICB!>I5!@=>=5C!28!"5C>!$=;;B!$6H5!9CQ5:2!6;E!935:2;!<=>7!>7J=@6AA7!I2C>!6!;?4L53!28! I53=>6:5!ʹ>I545E!85C>=G6AC!6;E!5G5;>CS!(I57!=;@A?E5[!!)=3C>!<=>7!<5A5L36>=2;!=;!935:2;!<=>7B!"5C>!$=;;!9AE! )6CI=2;5E!)6=3B!"=AA645>>5!$=G=;:!+=C>237!$6;>53;!$=:I>!(2?3B!9CQ5:2!)5C>=G6A!28!>I5!%3>CB!$2@H!)5C>!6;E!935:2;! ŝƚLJ͛ƐKƉĞŶŝƌŶƚŝƋƵĞ&Ăŝƌ͘ƚƚĞŶĚĂŶĐĞĂƚ>I5C5!5G5;>C!36;:5!8324!TBUUU!>2!VZBUUU!J52JA5!6;;?6AA7S!! ! t&,͛ƐƉƌĞŵŝĞƌĞǀĞŶƚ͕"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!)'*(#L%$A!E35Q!`UBUUU!J52JA5!>2!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%!=;!TUVTB!5FJ2C=;:! 6>>5;E55C!>2!3=G53W35A6>5E!=CC?5C!QI=A5!@5A5L36>=;:!>I5!352J5;=;:!28!>I5!35;2G6>5E!%3@I!.3ŝĚŐĞ͘dŚŝƐLJĞĂƌ͛Ɛ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aa!>36G53C5!>I5!C>?E7!6356B!J32G=E=;:!35:=2;6A!@2;;5@>=2;C!>2!"6CI=;:>2;B!<6A=823;=6!6;E!L572;ES!%!G=5QJ2=;>! Q=>I!=;>53J35>=G5!C=:;6:5!823!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6;E!$2@HC!=C!A2@6>5E!E=35@>A7!288!;23>IL2?;E!#WTUZS!!D23>A6;E! #;>53;6>=2;6A!%=3J23>!=C!`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d!>I5!C5@2;E!@2;C=E53C!>I5!J2>5;>=6A!8?>?35!=8!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M+%!L5@245C!6!356A=>7d!!6;E!>I5!>I=3E! 6A>53;6>=G5!5FJA235C!>I5!L5;58=>C!28!6!*>6>5!+53=>6:5!%356!E5C=:;6>=2;S! ! .$(',1%(#L'! ''" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " %AC2!=;!TUVVB!>I5!@I6;:=;:!5@2;24=@!A6;EC@6J5!823@5E!L6;H3?J>@7!6;E!@A2C?35!28!>I5!I=C>23=@!.A?5!+532;!D6J53! &=AAB!2;5!28!>I5!>2J!VU!54JA2753C!=;!>I5!6356S!!(I5!4=AA!@A2C=;:!A58>!T`!6@35C!28!A6;E!Q=>I!6L6;E2;5E!=;E?C>3=6A! L?=AE=;:C!C>35>@I=;:!8324!"=AA645>>5!)6AAƐƚŽƚŚĞƐŽƵƚŚĞƌŶĚŽŽƌƐƚĞƉŽĨKƌĞŐŽŶŝƚLJ͛ƐŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĚŽǁŶƚŽǁŶ͘'ŝǀĞŶ ƚŚĞƐŝƚĞ͛ƐƐŝŐŶŝĨŝĐĂŶƚŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂƐƐŽĐŝĂƚŝŽŶƐĂŶĚƐƚƌŽŶŐĐŽŶŶĞĐƚŝŽŶƐƚŽƚŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞZŝǀĞƌĂŶĚ&ĂůůƐ͕ƚŚĞƐŝƚĞŚĂƐ ďĞĞŶŝĚĞŶƚŝĨŝĞĚĂƐĂ͞ůĞŐĂĐLJŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚLJ͟ƚŽƐƵƉƉŽƌƚŵƵůƚŝƉůĞƉƵďůŝĐ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`S!"=>I2?>!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;B!@I6;:5!=C!;2>!8235C55;!=;!>I5!;563!>534S! *=;@535!@244?;=>7!6;E!:2G53;45;>6A!58823>C!>2!35G53C5!>I5!;5:6>=G5!>35;EC!6;E!J32G=E5!I53=>6:5!J32>5@>=2;! 6;E!5;I6;@545;>!635!2;:2=;:B!L?>!>I5C5!=;=>=6>=G5C!A63:5A7!2J536>5!=;E5J5;E5;>A7S!!%C!6!35C?A>B!J2C=>=G5!@I6;:5C! >5;E!>2!L5!C46AA!6;E!CA2QB!A=4=>=;:!>I5=3!A2;:!>534!5885@>=G5;5CCS!!#8!;2!M+%!2@@?3CB!Q5!J35E=@>!>I5C5!>35;EC!Q=AA! @2;>=;?5S! .$(',1%(#L'!:W!@%(#01%$!+',#(%-'!.,'%!5'*#-1%(#01! M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;!Q2?AE!L3=;:!>2:5>I53!?;E53!2;5!3228!46;7!28!>I5!E=G53:5;>!58823>C!>2!E5G5A2J!@?A>?36A!I53=>6:5! C=>5C!6;E!5@2;24=@!35G=>6A=R6>=2;!632?;E!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356B!6;E!Q2?AE!J32G=E5!6!35;5Q5E!82@?C!2;!>I5! 646R=;:!@I636@>53!28!>I=C!?;=Y?5!35:=2;S! (I5!@356>=2;!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!Q2?AE!L5!>I5!82?;E6>=2;!823!C?C>6=;6L=A=>7!6;E!:32Q>I! 823!2?3!46;7!I53=>6:5!C=>5C!6;E!23:6;=R6>=2;CS!!"=>I!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;B!>I5!J2>5;>=6A!823!J63>;53CI=JC!642;:!>I5! 46;7!=;E5J5;E5;>!5;>=>=5C!@?335;>A7!=;!2J536>=2;!=;@356C5C!6;E!J32G=E5C!6!45@I6;=C4!823!>I5C5!5;>=>=5C!>2! @24L=;5!6;E!CI635!58823>CB!>2!35E?@5!@24J5>=>=2;!642;:!>I54B!6;E!>2!@368>!6!L326E53B!4235!5885@>=G5! @2AA6L236>=G5!6JJ326@IS!!<22J536>=G5!463H5>=;:!!Q2?AE!46H5!A=4=>5E!8?;E=;:!C>35>@I!863>I53!=;>2!>63:5>5E! 463H5>CS! ! M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;!Q2?AE!5;I6;@5!>I5!5@2;24=@!J2>5;>=6A!28!>I5!6356!6;E!L5:=;!>2!6EE35CC!>I5!@I6AA5;:5C!6;E! ;5:6>=G5!>35;EC!28!I53=>6:5!35C2?3@5!46;6:545;>!632?;E!"=AA645>>5!)6AACS!!(I5!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;!Q2?AE!J32G=E5! 6!@2I5C=G5!;6>=2;6A!=E5;>=>7B!6!C=;:?A63!46;6:545;>!5;>=>7!6;E!82C>53!C>36>5:=@!JA6;;=;:!28!>I5!6356S!! <2AA6L236>=2;!?;E53!2;5!46;6:545;>!JA6;!Q2?AE!L5>>53!J32>5@>!35C2?3@5C!6;E!J3242>5!J?LA=@!6@@5CC=L=A=>7B! =;@356C5!2JJ23>?;=>=5C!>2!5C>6LA=CI!4235!5885@>=G5!J32:364C!6;E!6@>=G=>=5CB!5FJ6;E!8?;E=;:!2JJ23>?;=>=5CB!6;E! =;@356C5!J?LA=@!6Q635;5CC!6;E!J6>32;6:5S!!%;!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;!C>35;:>I5;C!>I5!@6C5!823!35C>236>=2;!28! 2J536>=2;6A!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!$2@HCB!6;E!>I5!$2@HC!J32G=E5!6;!=;>6@>B!I=C>23=@6A!35C2?3@5!823!C=>5WL6C5E! =;>53J35>6>=2;!6;E!6?>I5;>=@!5FJ53=5;@5S!!#>!28853C!6!@2AA6L236>=G5!6JJ326@I!>2!@2;C53G6>=2;!>I6>!E25C!;2>! @24J324=C5!A2@6A!@2;>32A!2G53!6;E!?C5!28!>I5!A6;EC@6J5S!! '(" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " .$(',1%(#L'!>W!!9(%('!+',#(%-'!.,'%!5'*#-1%(#01! ƐďĞŶĞĨŝĐŝĂůĂƐƚŚĞE,ĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƚŝŽŶǁŽƵůĚďĞ͕ƐƵĐŚĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƚŝŽŶŝƐŶŽƚƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛ƐƐŽůĞŽƉƉŽƌƚƵŶŝƚLJ͕ĂůƚŚŽƵŐŚŝƚŝƐ @A563A7!>I5!2J>=46A!2;5S!!(I5!935:2;!+53=>6:5!<244=CC=2;!E5G5A2J5E!@3=>53=6!6;E!6E2J>5E!:?=E5A=;5C!=;!TUVT!823! 6!*>6>5!+53=>6:5!%356!\*+%]!J32:364S!!")+%A7!@24JA5>=;:!6;!6JJA=@6>=2;!Q=>I!>I5!:26A!28!L5@24=;:! KƌĞŐŽŶ͛ƐĨŝƌƐƚŽĨĨŝĐŝĂů^ƚĂƚĞ,ĞƌŝƚĂŐĞƌĞĂ͘^ŝŵŝůĂƌƚŽE,ƐƚĂƚƵƐ͕ƐƚĂƚĞĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƚŝŽŶǁŝůůƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĂĐŽŚĞƐŝǀĞ ŝĚĞŶƚŝƚLJĂŶĚ͚ďƌĂŶĚ͛ĨŽƌƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͕ƉƌŽŵŽƚĞƚŽƵƌŝƐŵĂŶĚŵĂƌŬĞƚŝŶŐŽ8!*+%!6CC5>C!6;E!C>23=5CB!5;@2?36:5! J63>;53CI=JCB!6;E!J32G=E5!6;!=;@5;>=G5!>2!82C>53!@223E=;6>=2;!L5>Q55;!46;7!@24J5>=;:!C=>5C!6;E!23:6;=R6>=2;C! >2!6G2=E!E?JA=@6>=2;!28!58823>CS!!%!J2C=>=G5!@7@A5!28!=;@356C5E!J?LA=@!6Q635;5CCB!5FJ6;E5E!8?;E=;:!2JJ23>?;=>=5CB! 6;E!@223E=;6>5E!463H5>=;:!@64J6=:;C!Q2?AE!L5!6!:356>!L5;58=>!28!5=>I53!M6>=2;6A!23!*>6>5!+53=>6:5!%356! E5C=:;6>=2;S!!)=;6AA7B!*+%!C>6>?C!Q2?AE!82C>53!>I5!E5G5A2J45;>!28!?;=Y?5!@2;>5F>?6A!C>23=5C!28!JA6@5!6;E!28! 935:2;!I53=>6:5!>I6>!467!;2>!;2346AA7!L5!J32:36445E!823!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!C=>5CS!!(I5C5!C>23=5C!28!JA6@5! Q=AA!35C2;6>5!Q=>I!J52JA5!28!>I5!35:=2;B!L?>!;2>!;5@5CC63=A7!=;>535C>!6!;6>=2;6A!6?E=5;@5S!!! +2Q5G53B!>I5!*+%!E5C=:;6>=2;!E25C!;2>!@245!Q=>I!8?;E=;:!23!>I5!>5@I;=@6A!C?JJ23>!6;E!35C2?3@5C!6G6=A6LA5! >I32?:I!MD*B!C2!J32:35CC!Q2?AE!I6JJ5;!4235!CA2QA7!6;E!=;!C46AA53!L=>C!>I6;!>I32?:I!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;S! Impacts of the Three Management Alternatives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ĂƌĞĂ͛ƐŶĂƚƵƌĂůĞŶǀŝƌŽŶŵĞŶƚǁŽƵůĚůŝŬĞůLJĐŽŶƚŝŶƵĞ͘EŽĂĚĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůƉƌŽƚĞĐƚŝŽŶƐŽƌĐŽŶƐĞƌǀĂƚŝŽŶǁŽƵůĚ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ŶůLJ͗^ŚŽǁĐĂƐĞƐůŝƚƚůĞŬŶŽǁŶƐƚŽƌŝĞƐŽĨƚŚĞůŽĐĂůĂƌĞĂ͛ƐĐƵůƚƵƌĂůŚĞƌŝƚĂŐĞ͕ǁŝƚŚƐƚĂƚĞǁŝĚĞŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚ͘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a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ŝŵƉĂĐƚƐŽĨůŽĐĂůĨĂƌŵĞƌƐ͛ŵĂƌŬĞƚƐ͕ĂŐƌŝĐƵůƚƵƌĂůƚŽƵƌƐ͕ǁŝŶĞŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJƐĂůĞƐ͕ĂŶĚŶĂƚŝǀĞŚĂŶĚĐƌĂĨƚƐǁŽƵůĚƌĞŵĂŝŶ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hF#*#(%(#01!(0!(H'!)%$$*!.,'%! E#!ELNF!!!b*0*'%'*#/!'#!'.-!I*++%7-''-!X%++0!%$-%!.%0!/#!%11-1!*/&-/'*)-!"#$!,$#3'.:! ELNF! !b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aa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`]!;2;J328=>!=;!TUVT!>2!86@=A=>6>5!>I5!5C>6LA=CI45;>!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC! M+%S!!")+%6>=G5C!28!>I355!@=>=5CB!6!@2?;>7B!6!>3=L6A!;6>=2;B!;2;J328=>!63>C!6;E!I53=>6:5! 23:6;=R6>=2;CB!L?C=;5CC!:32?JCB!=;E?C>37B!6;E!H57!@244?;=>7!A56E53CS! ! ")+%36>5:=@!JA6;!6;E!L?E:5>!823!>I5!=;=>=6A!7563C!28!>I5!M+%B!E?3=;:!QI=@I!")+%I5!E5C=:;6>=;:!A5:=CA6>=2;!>2!5C>6LA=CI!6!A2;:W>534!46;6:545;>!JA6;!823!>I5!M+%!6;E!L5:=;!>2! E5G5A2J!J32:364C!6;E!=;=>=6>=G5C!>2!J3242>5!>I5!>I545C!6;E!G=C=2;!28!>I5!I53=>6:5!6356S!!!! $2@6AA7!6E4=;=C>535E!6;E!JA6;;5EB!6!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;!E25C!;2>!@245!Q=>I!35:?A6>237!23!R2;=;:!6?>I23=>7S!! 15G5A2J45;>!28!J?LA=@WJ3=G6>5!J63>;53CI=JC!Q2?AE!L5!6!I=:I!46;6:545;>!J3=23=>7!6;E!Q2?AE!6CC=C>!=;! C>35;:>I5;=;:!A2;:!36;:5!C?C>6=;6L=A=>7!J32CJ5@>CS!!!!! B0('1(#%$!@+.!61L'*(&'1(*! "I=A5!>I5!46;6:545;>!JA6;!=C!=;!E5G5A2J45;>B!")+%2!=4JA545;>!@6>6A7C>!J32:364C!6;E!J32X5@>C! >I6>!I6G5!>I5!J2>5;>=6A!>2!6EG6;@5!I=C>23=@!J35C53G6>=2;!J32X5@>CB!I53=>6:5!>2?3=C4B!6;E!463H5>=;:!=;!>I5!6356S!!! ! t&,ŝƐĐŽŵŵŝƚƚĞĚƚŽ͚ĂĐƚŝŶŐůŝŬĞĂŚĞƌŝƚĂŐĞĂƌĞĂ͛ĞǀĞŶƉƌŝŽƌƚŽĚĞƐŝŐŶĂƚŝŽŶ͘! ! ")+%234=;:!C5CC=2;!6>!2;5!28!=>C!J?LA=@!JA6;;=;:!Q23HCI2JC!>2!@2AA5@>!6;E!G5>!=E56C!823!@6>6A7C>! J32X5@>C!6;E!=;G5C>45;>C!>I6>!@2?AE!42C>!L5;58=>!>I5!6356S!!)324!>I5C5!C?::5C>=2;CB!")+%! 28!J2>5;>=6A!J32X5@>C[!! x <356>5!JI7C=@6A!6@@5CC!>2!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!6L2G5!6;E!L5A2Q!>I5!)6AAC! x 15G5A2J!@223E=;6>5E!5E?@6>=2;6A!J32:364C!823!C@I22A@I=AE35;!6;E!6E?A>C!2;!I53=>6:5!>I545C! x <24JA5>5!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!(36=AB!L32@I?35!6;E!C=:;6:5! x *?JJ23>!6@>=G5!35@356>=2;d!A=;H!Q6AH=;:!>36=A!C7C>54C!6;E!L=H5!J6>IC!>2!J32G=E5!4?A>=JA5!6@@5CC!J2=;>C!>2! >I5!3=G53!6;E!I53=>6:5!C=>5C! x D3242>5!35E5G5A2J45;>!28!.A?5!+532;!D6J53!&=AA!C=>5CB!Q=>I!J35C53G6>=2;!28!I=C>23=@!6356C!6;E!J?LA=@! CJ6@5C! x *?JJ23>!I6L=>6>!35C>236>=2;!632?;E!)6AAC!6356B!=;@A?E=;:!3=G53!@A56;W?JCB!C=>5!35C>236>=2;B!C>3564!CI6E=;:! x <223E=;6>5!)5C>=G6AC!6;E!'G5;>CB!C?@I!6C!>I5!C?@@5CC8?A!6;;?6A!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!)5C>=G6A! x ';@2?36:5!@223E=;6>5E!6;E!6@@?36>5!=;>53J35>=G5!63>!6;E!C=:;6:5! x ,5C563@I!K!E5G5A2J!E55J53!=;>53J35>=G5!C>23=5C!28!>I5!QI2A5!35:=2;!>2!6EE!>2!=;>53J35>=G5!C=:;6:5B!A2@6A! 4?C5?4!5FI=L=>CB!:5;56A2:=@!6;E!5E?@6>=2;6A!J32:364C! x *55H!G6A?5W6EE5E!I53=>6:5!6356!L36;E=;:!823!&6=;!*>355>!L?C=;5CC5C! x <356>5!CJ2;C23CI=J!J32:364C!823!CJ5@=8=@!C=>5C!! x *?JJ23>!O2A?;>553!J32:364C!\Q=AEA=85!6;E!JA6;>!42;=>23=;:B!Q55E!J?AACB!3=G53L6;H!35C>236>=2;!6;E! @A56;?JB!32G=;:!=;>53J35>6>=2;!J32:364C]! x *55H!M6>=2;6A!M6>?36A!$6;E463H!E5C=:;6>=2;C! x %EG2@6>5!823!352J5;=;:!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6G=:6>=2;!<6;6A!6;E!$2@HC!6;E!C?JJ23>!>36;C853!28! 2Q;53CI=J! x D3242>5!+=C>23=@!.?=AE=;:!#4J32G545;>!J32:364! x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d!35W!5C>6LA=CI!2AEW>=45! J23>6:5!2J536>=2;C!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! (#" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " /H%N(',!dW!.NN$#?%(#01!0P!@%(#01%$!+',#(%-'!.,'%!/,#(',#%!! ! (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356!<26A=>=2;!I6C!E542;C>36>5E!>I6>!>I5!C>3?@>?35!6;E!C?JJ23>!823!6!M6>=2;6A! +53=>6:5!%356!5F=C>C!WWL5@6?C5!>I5!")+%23C!I6C!L55;!2J536>=;:!6C!6!I53=>6:5!6356!L263E!823! >I5!J6C>!C=F!7563C!Q=>I!Q=E5CJ356E!@244?;=>7!C?JJ23>S!!")+%6:5!A56E53!=;!>I5!6356! 6;E!=;!>I5!*>6>5!28!935:2;S!!")+%5E!L7!>I5!935:2;!15J63>45;>!28!(36;CJ23>6>=2;!>2!6E4=;=C>53!>I5! `WE67!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!)5C>=G6A!6;E!%3@I!.3=E:5!9J5;=;:!L5@6?C5!28!>I5!5FJ53>=C5!6;E!J32G5;!C?@@5CC!28!>I5! 23:6;=R6>=2;S!!! ! %8>53!>I355!=;>5;C=G5!7563C!28!35C563@IB!@2AA6L236>=2;B!6;E!J?LA=@!=;J?>B!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356!<26A=>=2;! \")+%<]!I6C!@24JA5>5E!>I5!;5@5CC637!82?3!C>5JC!>2Q63E!<2;:35CC=2;6A!E5C=:;6>=2;!6C!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A! +53=>6:5!%356!\M+%]S!!! )'%*#V#$#(E!9(JCE!/,#(',#%!!!! " :Y BJV$#?!#1L0$L'&'1(!#1!(H'!*J#(%V#$#(EhP'%*#V#$#(E!*(JCEi! N; 5'&01*(,%(#01!0P!I#C'*N,'%C!NJV$#?!*JNN0,(!%&01-!H',#(%-'!%,'%!,'*#C'1(*!P0,!(H'!N,0N0*'C! C'*#-1%(#01i!%1C( cS /0&&#(&'1(!(0!(H'!N,0N0*%$!P,0&!(H'!%NN,0N,#%('!*(%R'H0$C',*A!IH#?H!&%E!#1?$JC'! -0L',1&'1(*A!#1CJ*(,EA!%1C!N,#L%('!101N,0P#(!0,-%1#[%(#01*A!#1!%CC#(#01!(0!(H'!$0?%$!?#(#['1,ES! "=>I2?>!J?LA=@!=;G2AG545;>B!;2!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7!Q2?AE!5F=C>k!!")+%36>5:=5C!>2!C55H!J?LA=@! =;G2AG545;>!6;E!=;J?>!E?3=;:!56@I!E5G5A2J45;>6A!JI6C5!28!>I5!856C=L=A=>7!C>?E7S!!)324!=;=>=6A!2?>356@I!L7!.263E! 454L53C!6;E!C>688!28!")+%2!=;8234!6;E!5;:6:5!2?3!@244?;=>=5C!>2!>I5!855EL6@H!A22JC!35Y?=35E!>2!35@5=G5! @2445;>C!2;!>I5!1368>!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7B!")+%I!>I5!E5J>I!6;E!L356E>I!28!J?LA=@! 5;:6:545;>!>I6>!I6C!5;3=@I5E!>I=C!8=;6A!E2@?45;>S!!! "I5;!Q5!@24J=A5E!6>>5;E6;@5!6>!2?3!J?LA=@!Q23HCI2JCB!@244?;=>7!5G5;>CB!>63:5>5E!823?4CB!Q5LC=>5!6;E!2>I53!! =>C!@24J2;5;>CS! O=3>?6AA7!6AA!G53L6AB!Q3=>>5;!6;E!86@5W>2W86@5!@244?;=@6>=2;C!I6G5!L55;!J2C=>=G5k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fUU!>2! ϯϬ͕ϬϬϬƉĂƌƚŝĐŝƉĂŶƚƐ͘t&,͛ƐǁĞďƐŝƚĞĂǀĞƌĂŐĞƐϭϬϬǀŝƐŝƚŽƌƐĂŵŽŶƚŚĂŶĚƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶĂŶĚĐŽŶƚĂĐƚ 2JJ23>?;=>=5C!>I32?:I!6!A=C>C53G!6;E!C2@=6A!45E=6B!6G536:=;:!2G53!`UU!I=>C!E=35@>A7!6;E!I?;E35EC!4235!=;E=35@>A7! Q=>I!56@I!?JE6>5S!! ")+%!6;E!35@5=G5E!>I5!6CC=C>6;@5!28!A2@6A!5FJ53>C!6;E!35C563@I53C!=;!E5G5A2J=;:!>I5!I=C>237!6;E! >I545C!J23>=2;C!28!>I5!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7S! 5'&01*(,%(#01*!0P!/0&&J1#(E!9JNN0,(! *=:;=8=@6;>!8=;6;@=6A!6;E!=;WH=;E!@2;>3=L?>=2;C!Q535!:=G5;!563A7!2;!8324!Vc!H57!C>6H5I2AE53C!L?C=;5CC5CB! 23:6;=R6>=2;CB!6;E!:2G53;45;>CS!(I57!6AA!C=:;5E!6!5'?$%,%(#01!0P!/00N',%(#01!ĂŶĚĂŐƌĞĞĚƚŽǁŽƌŬƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ͞*/! 5%$'/-$0.*5!'#3%$1!'.-!0.%$-1!)*0*#/!#"!&$-%'*/,!%!I*++%7-''-!X%++0!E%'*#/%+!L-$*'%,-!N$-%͘͟ ĂĐŚƉĂƌƚŶĞƌĞŶƚŝƚLJ ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚĂĨŽƌŵĂůƌĞƐŽůƵƚŝŽŶ͕ďŽĂƌĚǀŽƚĞ͕ŽƌĂƵƚŚŽƌŝnjĞĚƐŝŐŶĂƚƵƌĞƚŚĂƚĂĨĨŝƌŵĞĚƚŚĞŝƌĞŶĚŽƌƐĞŵĞŶƚŽĨt&,͛Ɛ G=C=2;S!(I57!6AC2!J32G=E5E!C=:;=8=@6;>!8=;6;@=6A!6;E!=;WH=;E!@2;>3=L?>=2;C!>2!>I5!E5G5A2J45;>!28!>I=C!J32J2C6A!6;E! @244=>>5E!>2!8?>?35!6CC=C>6;@5S! M'((',*!0P!*JNN0,(!6AC2!@645!8324!`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ʹ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ĂƐĞĚƚŚĞƐƵƉƉŽƌƚŝŶŐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶ͕t&,͛ƐƐƚƵĚLJƚĞĂŵĐŽŶĐůƵĚĞĚƚŚĂƚĐƌŝƚĞƌŝŽŶηϭŝƐŵĞƚ͘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ŚĞƌĞƌĞǀŽůǀĞƐĂƌŽƵŶĚƚŚĞŝŶƚĞŶƐŝƚLJŽĨƚŚĞƐĞƚƚůĞƌƐ͛ĐŽŵŵŝƚŵĞŶƚƚŽƐĞĐƵƌĞƚŚĞŶĂƚŝŽŶ͛ƐďŽƵŶĚĂƌŝĞƐ͕ĂŶĚƉƌĞǀĞŶƚ .3=>6=;B!,?CC=6B!*J6=;!6;E!)36;@5!8324!:6=;=;:!6!822>I2AES!!0;823>?;6>5A7B!L7!C2!E2=;:B!>I57!E=C3?J>5E!>3=L6A! ĐŽŵŵƵŶŝƚŝĞƐ͕ǁĞĂŬĞŶĞĚƚŚĞŵƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ͚ǁŚŝƚĞŵĂŶ͛ƐĚŝƐĞĂƐĞƐ͕͛ĂŶĚĚƌŽǀĞƚŚĞŵĨƌŽŵƚƌĂĚŝƚŝŽŶĂůůĂŶĚƐĂŶĚ Q6>53Q67CS!!)23>?;6>5A7B!>3=L6A!454L53C!635!6AC2!6@>=G5!=;!A2@6A!@=G=@!6;E!@?A>?36A!5;E56G23CB!6;E!46=;>6=;!6! C>32;:!>3=L6A!J35C5;@5!=;!2?3!@244?;=>=5CB!5CJ5@=6AA7!=;!I53=>6:5W35A6>5E!6@>=G=>=5CS!! ŚŝŶĞƐĞǁŽƌŬĞƌƐǁĞƌĞďƌŽƵŐŚƚƚŽKƌĞŐŽŶƚŽǁŽƌŬŝŶƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛ƐŚĞĂǀLJŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJĂŶĚŵĂŶƵĨĂĐƚƵƌŝŶŐďƵƐŝŶĞƐƐĞƐ͕ >I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!<6;6A!6;E!$2@HC!=;!J63>=@?A63B!6C!Q5AA!6C!>I5!9CQ5:2!=32;!4=;5CS! 935:2;=6;!&67!TVB!V_fTB!JS!T!!!!!(I5!3-->!9-"#$-!+%0'!Z#:!G-%+!589+*&+(!0'%'-1!*/!'.-!J+*""!L#80-!'.%'!.-!*/'-/1-1! '#!58'!cBd!J.*/%7-/!%'!3#$>!#/!'.-!]#&>0!%0!0##/!%0!.-!+1!,-'!'.-7:!!G.*0!0'%'-7-/'!3%0!*/!'.-!5$-0-/&-!#"! K64Y#):!N:!J:!Y*9902!N:!X:!X#$9-02!N''#$/-(!%'!+%32!Q$-,#/!J*'(2!%/1!#'.-$0:!!G.-!]#&>0!J#75%/(!.%0!%+$-%1(! &#/'$%&'-1!"#$!#)-$!cdd!J.*/%7-/!'#!-!#/!'.-!3#$>0!#/!'.-!B'.!1%(!#"!Z8/-:!!G.%'!1%(!%++!'.-!3.*'-!+%9#$-$0! 3*++!9-!1*0&.%$,-1:! ! ((" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " <\f;=<\f:!3,'-01!/#(E!/+6@797!6@5Q984679!ʹ!.L',%-'!%-'!0P!3,'-01!/#(E!/H#1'*'W!:f!E'%,*!0$C! s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r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c!C=:;5E! 15@A636>=2;C!28!<22J536>=2;!>I6>!JA5E:5!2;:2=;:!8=;6;@=6A!6;E!=;WH=;E!C?JJ23>!823!I53=>6:5!6356!=;=>=6>=G5CS!! (I5!J?LA=@!E542;C>36>5E!2G53QI5A4=;:!C?JJ23>!823!M+%!E5C=:;6>=2;!=;!>I5!46;7!J?LA=@!C@2J=;:!455>=;:C!6;E! @2445;>C!C5;>!>2!>I5!")+%564S! ")+%I355W7563!@2;@5J>?6A!8=;6;@=6A!JA6;!L6C5E!2;!@?335;>!5@2;24=@!@2;E=>=2;CB!6C!J63>!28! =>C!J32J2C6A!823!>I5!M+%S!#>!=;E=@6>5C!2;:2=;:!C?JJ23>!8324!=>C!J63>;53C!6C!Q5AA!6C!2>I53!H57!C>6H5I2AE53CS!#>! 6;>=@=J6>5C!J?3C?=;:!8?;E=;:!8324!4?A>=JA5!C2?3@5CB!C?@I!6C!563;5E!=;@245B!:36;>CB!82?;E6>=2;CB!A2E:=;:!>6F5CB! C>6H5I2AE53!23:6;=R6>=2;CB!6;E!=;WH=;E!E2;6>=2;C!>2!46>@I!>I5!5FJ5@>5E!MD*!8?;E=;:S!")+%=@=J6>5C!>I6>! 8?;E=;:!8324!>I5!85E536A!:2G53;45;>!JA?C!>I5!A2@6A!46>@I!Q=AA!J32G=E5!C?JJ23>!823!>I5!E5G5A2J45;>!28!>I5!A2;:! >534!C?C>6=;6L=A=>7!6;E!46;6:545;>!JA6;!823!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M+%B!6C!Q5AA!6C!=4JA545;>6>=2;!28!@6>6A7C>! ƉƌŽũĞĐƚƐƚŽũƵŵƉƐƚĂƌƚƚŚĞE,͛ƐŝŵŵĞĚŝĂƚĞƉŽƐŝƚŝǀ5!6;E!JI7C=@6A!=4J6@>!2;!>I5!A2@6A!@244?;=>7S!! ")+%I5!J32J2C5E!46;6:545;>!6;E!@223E=;6>=;:!5;>=>7S!(I5!8=;6;@=6A!JA6;!6;E!@6>6A7C>!J32X5@>C!I6G5! ?;E53:2;5!35G=5Q!L7!6AA!J63>;53C!28!")+% ! )!" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " bY!!6*!%!?01?'N(J%$!V0J1C%,E!&%N!*JNN0,('C!VE!(H'!NJV$#?Z! D?LA=@!C?JJ23>!=C!C>32;:!823!>I5!J32J2C5E!L2?;E637!823!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M+%B!QI=@I!=;@A?E5C!>I5!C=:;=8=@6;>! I=C>23=@!J23>=2;C!28!>I5!@=>=5C!28!"5C>!$=;;B!935:2;!<=>7B!$6H5!9CQ5:2!6;E! )#" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Chapter 7: Vision Statement %!@2;@53;5E!6;E!5;>I?C=6C>=@!:32?J!28!6L2?>!TZ!C>6H5I2AE53C!C>63>5E!455>=;:!=;!TUU^!>2!L5:=;!6!@2AA6L236>=G5! @244?;=>7!J32@5CC!>I6>!C?JJ23>5E!>I5!J35C53G6>=2;!6;E!5;I6;@545;>!28!>I5!E=C>=;@>=G5!@?A>?36A!6;E!I53=>6:5! 86@=A=>=5C!6;E!C=>5C!=;!6;E!632?;E!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356S!!!! ! #;!TUUfB!J?LA=@!6;E!J3=G6>5!C5@>23!23:6;=R6>=2;C!Q535!=;G=>5E!>2!I5AJ!>2!=;=>=6>5!>I5!J32@5CC!>2!E5C=:;6>5!>I=C! ?;=Y?5!6;E!;6>=2;6AA7!C=:;=8=@6;>!A6;EC@6J5!6A2;:!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!6C!6!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356S!!(I=C!:32?J! L5@645!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356!<26A=>=2;B!6!35463H6LA5!J63>;53CI=J!28!>I355!@=>=5CB!6!@2?;>7B!6!>3=L6A! ;6>=2;B!46;7!@?A>?36AB!I53=>6:5!6;E!@=G=@!23:6;=R6>=2;CB!6C!Q5AA!6C!>I5!J3=G6>5!=;E?C>3=5C!>I6>!@2;>=;?5!>2!J32G=E5! A=G5A=I22EC!6>!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6C!I?46;C!I6G5!E2;5!823!46;7!>I2?C6;EC!28!7563CS!! ! 1?3=;:!Q23HCI2JC!=;!P6;?637!TUVU!6;E!9@>2L53!TUVUB!>I5!G=C=2;!>2!L5@245!6!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!Q6C! E5G5A2J5E!Q=>I!@244?;=>7!J63>;53C!6;E!J?LA=@!=;J?>S!!#;!P?;5!28!TUV`B!68>53!6!@244?;=>7!455>=;:!=;!$6H5! 9CQ5:2B!>I5!J32J2C5E!L2?;E63=5C!Q535!5;A63:5E!>2!=;@A?E5!>I5!9CQ5:2!#32;!+53=>6:5!(36=AB!6;!=4J23>6;>!J63>!28! >I5!.=3>IJA6@5!28!D6@=8=@!M23>IQ5C>!#;E?C>37!>I545S! ! 8H'!F#*#01W!!!(2!L5@245!6!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!>I6>!E36QC!G=C=>23C!8324!6AA!2G53!>I5!Q23AE!>2!5FJ53=5;@5!6;E! 5;X27!>I5!C>23=5CB!6@>=G=>=5CB!6;E!?;=Y?5!A6;EC@6J5!28!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6>!>I5!';E!28!>I5!935:2;!(36=AS! ! 8H'!G#**#01W!!!%EG2@6>5!823!6;E!C>35;:>I5;!>I5!=E5;>=>7!6;E!5@2;247!28!>I5!@244?;=>=5C!C?332?;E=;:! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!L7!J35C53G=;:B!5;I6;@=;:!6;E!J3242>=;:!>I5!;6>=2;6AA7!C=:;=8=@6;>!6;E!E=C>=;@>=G5!C>23=5C!28!>I5! 6356B!QI=A5!@?A>=G6>=;:!J?LA=@WJ3=G6>5!J63>;53CI=JC!>2!E5G5A2J!=>C!;6>?36AB!@?A>?36AB!=;E?C>3=6AB!C@5;=@B!35@356>=2;6AB! 6;E!I=C>23=@!35C2?3@5CS!! ! 8H'!3VX'?(#L'*W!!! S; 9(,'1-(H'1!(H'!#C'1(#(#'*!0P!3,'-01!/#(EA!"'*(!M#11A!M%R'!3*I'-0!%1C!/$%?R%&%*!/0J1(E!6C!JA6@5C! Q=>I!;6>=2;6AA7!C=:;=8=@6;>!@?A>?36A!I53=>6:5B!Q=>I!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6>!>I5!I563>!28!>I5!=E5;>=>7S( ( P; 71H%1?'!NJV$#?!%NN,'?#%(#01!P0,!H#*(0,#?%$!*#('*!Q=>I=;!>I5!+53=>6:5!%356B!QI=A5!C?JJ23>=;:!5F=C>=;:! =;E?C>3=6AB!@24453@=6A!6;E!35@356>=2;6A!G5;>?35CS!0C5!5E?@6>=2;!6;E!=;>53J35>6>=2;!>2!5;I6;@5!>I5! 46;7WA67535E!5FJ53=5;@5!28!>I5!6356B!6;E!>I535L7!=>C!6>>36@>=G5;5CCS!!&6H5!=>!E=C@2G536LA5B!454236LA5B! =;CJ=3=;:B!356@I6LA5B!6;E!65C>I5>=@6AA7!6JJ56A=;:S( ! N; .CL0?%('!*(,01-$E!P0,!N,'*',L%(#01!%1C!'1H%1?'&'1(!0P!H#*(0,#?!*#('*!%1C!*(,J?(J,'*S!D3242>5! M6>=2;6A!,5:=C>53!E5C=:;6>=2;!823!5A=:=LA5!J32J53>=5CS!!( ( )$" " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " [; 5'L'$0N!NJV$#?=N,#L%('!N%,(1',*H#N*!>2!@356>5!6;E!C?JJ23>!=;>53J35>=G5B!5E?@6>=2;6A!6;E!5@2;24=@! 2JJ23>?;=>=5C!=;!6;E!632?;E!>I5!+53=>6:5!%356B!J32G=E=;:!6?>I5;>=@!A563;=;:!5FJ53=5;@5CB!QI=A5!;2>! E=C3?J>=;:!>I5!E67W>2WE67!6@>=G=>=5C!28!>I5!=;E?C>3=6A!6;E!@24453@=6A!?C5C!>I6>!3546=;!G=>6A!>2!>I5!A2@6A! 5@2;247S( ( Z; 5'L'$0N!g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ŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJŝŶůĂĐŬĂŵĂƐŽƵŶƚLJ͘/ŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚĞ͞ƐƉŝŶŽĨĨ͟ŽƉƚŝŽŶƐĂŶĚďŽƚŚŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞ>=G5!6;E!5FJ53=5;>=6A! A=;HC!823!G=C=>23C!>2!5FJA235!>I545C!=;!6356C!6EX6@5;>!>2!>I5!I53=>6:5!6356S!! f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illamette Falls Heritage Area Feasibility Study APPENDIX A ± INVENTORY OF RESOURCES DRAFT: 8/16/13 86 61L'1(0,E!0P!4'*0J,?'*! ! j@387W!!9''!/H%N(',!`!P0,!%!$#*(#1-!0P!@%(J,%$!71L#,01&'1(!,'*0J,?'*A!9'(($'&'1(!,'*0J,?'*A!61CJ*(,E!%1C! 8,%1*N0,(%(#01!4'*0J,?'*A!%1C!7CJ?%(#01%$!4'*0J,?'*Yk! ! (I5!C>?E7!6356!I6C!46;7!354;6;>C!28!=>C!3=@I!6;E!I=C>23=@!J6C>S!&6;7!28!>I5C5!I53=>6:5!C=>5C!6;E!JA6@5C!635! ;6>=2;6AA7!35@2:;=R5EB!6;E!C>=AA!4235!635!5A=:=LA5!823!;6>=2;6A!E5C=:;6>=2;CS!(I5C5!6;E!2>I53C!J32G=E5!46;7! 2JJ23>?;=>=5C!823!JA6@5WL6C5E!=;>53J35>6>=2;S!'E?@6>=2;6A!=;C>=>?>=2;CB!I53=>6:5!:32?JCB!I=C>23=@!C=>5CB!6;E! 4?C5?4C!28853!C245!I53=>6:5WL6C5E!5E?@6>=2;6A!2JJ23>?;=>=5C!=;!>I5!6356B!Q=>I!:356>!J2>5;>=6A!823!5FJ6;C=2;S!! ! (I5!6356!6AC2!L26C>C!46;7!35@356>=2;6A!2JJ23>?;=>=5C!823!A2@6AC!6;E!G=C=>23C!6A=H5!>2!C?JJA545;>!>I5!I53=>6:5! 5FJ53=5;@5C!28!>I5!6356S!&6;7!28!>I5C5!2JJ23>?;=>=5CB!C?@I!6C!>I5!935:2;!M6>=2;6A!+=C>23=@!(36=A!\QI=@I!82AA2QC! >I5!935:2;!(36=A!8324!#;E5J5;E5;@5B!&9S!>2!=>C!5;E!=;!935:2;!<=>7]!23!>I5!<646CC=6!M6>?35!D35C53G5!\QI=@I! ;?ƌƚƵƌĞƐƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛ƐŶĂƚŝǀĞƉůĂŶƚƐĂŶĚǁŝůĚůŝĨĞͿ͕ƉƌŽǀŝĚĞŚĞƌŝƚĂŐĞĞĚƵĐĂƚŝŽŶĂƐǁĞůůĂƐƌĞĐƌĞĂƚŝŽŶĂůǀĂůƵĞĨŽƌ G=C=>23CS!! ! "I=A5!>I5!6356!28853C!46;7!35C2?3@5CB!>I5!46=;!@I6AA5;:5!>2!@?335;>!=;>53J35>6>=2;!58823>C!A=5C!=;!>I5=3!E=CX2=;>5E! ;6>?35S!A7!>I535!=C!A=>>A5!>2!;2!@223E=;6>=2;!23!@2;;5@>=2;!L5>Q55;!>I5!G6C>!63367!28!35C2?3@5CS!*2!>I=C! ƉĂƚĐŚLJĂŶĚŝŶĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞƐƚŽƌLJŽĨƚŚĞĂƌĞĂ͛ƐŝŵƉŽƌƚĂŶƚŚĞƌŝƚĂŐĞŝƐƌŝƉĞĨŽƌĂĐŽŚĞƐŝǀĞĂŶĚƌŽďƵƐƚŝŶƚĞƌƉƌĞƚŝǀĞ J32:364!>I32?:I!6!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!E5C=:;6>=2;S! ! 935:2;!=C!I245!>2!2;5!M6>=2;6A!D63HB!;=;5!M6>=2;6A!M6>?36A!$6;E463HC!6;E!Vf!M6>=2;6A!+=C>23=@!$6;E463HCB!>I6>! 35@5=G5!;563A7!aUUBUUU!G=C=>23C!J53!7563S!(I5!935:2;!*>6>5!D63H!*7C>54!=C!2;5!28!>I5!>5;!42C>!J2J?A63!C>6>5!J63H! C7C>54C!=;!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5CB!6;E!35@5=G5C!;563A7!cU!4=AA=2;!E67!6;E!2G53;=:I>!G=C=>23C!J53!7563S!(I5!*>6>5!28! 935:2;!46;6:5C!;563A7!TUU!2G53;=:I>!6;E!E67W?C5!J63HCS! ! &6;7!28!>I5C5!JA6@5C!28!=;>535C>!635!A2@6>5E!Q=>I=;!23!@A2C5!>2!>I5!J32J2C5E!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5! %356S!(I5!C>6>5!L26C>C!c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± 1846 McLough lin House! >534=;?C!=;!Vaf_S!! ! :Y G?M0J-H$#1!+0J*'!ʹ!! ==%!J1#(!0P!)0,(!F%1?0JL',!@%(#01%$!+#*(0,#?!9#('!#1!3,'-01!/#(E! #;!V_Ta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acVS!(I5!C=>5!Q6C!6EE5E!>2!>I5!)23>!O6;@2?G53!M6>=2;6A!+=C>23=@!*=>5!=;!TUU`!6;E!@2;>=;?5C!>2!L5! 2J5;!>2!>I5!J?LA=@!6C!6!4?C5?4! ! >Y 8H'!"#$$%&'(('!4#L',! (I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53B!E5C=:;6>5E!6;!%453=@6;! +53=>6:5!,=G53!L7!0S*S!';G=32;45;>6A!D32>5@>=2;! %:5;@7B!C?C>6=;C!I?;E35EC!28!JA6;>!6;E!Q=AEA=85! CJ5@=5CS!(I5!"=AA645>>5!O6AA57B!8?5A5E!L7!>I5!Q6>53C!28! >I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!6;E!853>=A5!C2=A!A58>!8324!#@5!%:5! ĨůŽŽĚŝŶŐ͕ŝƐŽŶĞŽĨƚŚĞĐŽƵŶƚƌLJ͛ƐŵŽƐƚƉƌŽĚƵĐƚŝǀĞ 6:3=@?A>?36A!6356CS!(I5!3=G53!=C!>36E=>=2;6AA7!I245!>2! 6L?;E6;>!C6A42;!3?;CB!D6@=8=@!A64J357B!C>?3:52;!6;E! ŵĂŶLJŽƚŚĞƌĨŝƐŚ͘dŚĞƌŝǀĞƌ͛ƐďĂŶŬƐƐƵƉƉŽƌƚƉŽƉƵůĂƚŝŽŶƐ " 28!L6AE!56:A5CB!LA?5!I532;CB!2CJ357B!6;E!L56G53CB! A.1 ± Willamette Falls 642;:!2>I53CS!! ! `Y "#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!@%L#-%(#01%$!/%1%$!%1C!M0?R*! #;!V_f`B!J3=G6>5!=;G5C>23C!C55H=;:!>2!J328=>!288!>I5!:32Q=;:!;5@5CC=>7!>2! 42G5!:22EC!8324!>I5!"=AA645>>5!O6AA57!>2!Q23AE!463H5>C!2J5;5E!>I5! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!$2@HCS!(I57!J32G=E5E!>I5!8=3C>!J23>6:5!C7C>54!>I6>!E=E!;2>! 35Y?=35!>I5!3542G6A!28!:22EC!8324!>I5!3=G53!=;!23E53!>2!@=3@?4G5;>!>I5! "=AA645>>5!)6AACS!(I5!0S*S!%347!<23JC!28!';:=;553C!J?3@I6C5E!>I5!A2@HC!=;! VaVZB!6>!QI=@I!>=45!6AA!35@356>=2;6A!6;E!@24453@=6A!>3688=@!L5@645!8355!28! @I63:5S!(I5!A2@HC!Q535!@A2C5E!=;!A6>5!TUVV!E?5!>2!A6@H!28!8?;E=;:!823!35J6=3CS! " 0;>=A!>I5;B!>I57!3546=;5E!>I5!2AE5C>!@2;>=;?2?CA7!@24453@=6AA7!2J536>5E! A.4 ± Willamette Navigational Canal and Locks ůŽĐŬƐŝŶƚŚĞŽƌƉƐ͛ƐLJƐƚĞŵ͘! ! (I5!@6;6A!6;E!A2@HC!46=;>6=;!>I5=3!23=:=;6A!32?>=;:!6;E!E5C=:;S!(I5!A=;563!@6;6A!@?>C!>I32?:I!>I5!32@H7!CI5A8!2;! >I5!"5C>!C=E5!28!>I5!)6AACS!.?=A>!6C!>I5!8=3C>!4?A>=WA=8>!;6G=:6>=2;!A2@HC!=;!>I5!0;=>5E!*>6>5CB!>I5!@6;6A!6;E!A2@H! C7C>54!=C!@24J3=C5E!28!C5G5;!:6>5C!>I6>!@2;>32A!82?3!@I64L53CS!(I5!A2@HC!@6;!6@@2442E6>5!G5CC5AC!?J!>2!`f! 855>!=;!Q=E>I!6;E!VfZ!855>!A2;:S!<24453@=6A!>3688=@!>I32?:I!>I5!$2@HC!J56H5E!=;!Vac`!L?>!42G5E!2G53!2;5! 4=AA=2;!>2;C!28!:22EC!J53!7563!Q5AA!=;>2!>I5!A6>>53!I6A8!28!>I5!TU>I!@5;>?37S! ! ]Y /%&%**#%!@%(J,'!B,'*',L'!! <646CC=6!=C!6!T^W6@35!;6>?36A!6356!2Q;5E!6;E!46;6:5E!L7!(I5!M6>?35!<2;C53G6;@7S!$2@6>5E!=;!>I5!I=AAC!28!"5C>! $=;;B!>I5!C=>5!856>?35C!>I5!A6;EC@6J5!28!>I5!;6>?36A!L6C6A>!CI5A8!8=3C>!@356>5E!L7!>I5!C645!#@5!%:5!8A22EC!>I6>! CI6J5E!>I5!"=AA645>>5!O6AA57S!9G53!`UU!JA6;>!CJ5@=5C!@6;!L5!82?;E!=;!>I5!J35C53G5B!=;@A?E=;:!>I5!<646C!8A2Q53! \6!>36E=>=2;6A!822E!C2?3@5!823!;6>=G5!J52JA5C]B!Y?6H=;:!6CJ5;B!6;E!>I5!3635!QI=>5!32@H!A2@HCJ?3S!(I5!M6>?35! <2;C53G6;@7!46=;>6=;C!>36=AC!>I32?:I2?>!>I5!J35C53G5!823!7563W32?;E!J?LA=@!?C5S!! ! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " @%(#01%$!4'-#*(',!0P!+#*(0,#?!B$%?'*! (I5!J32J2C5E!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356!=;@A?E5C!>Q2!M6>=2;6A!,5:=C>53!+=C>23=@!1=C>3=@>C!6;E!Va! =;E=G=E?6AA7!A=C>5E!C=>5C!2;!>I5!M6>=2;6A!,5:=C>53!28!+=C>23=@!DA6@5CS!(I5!935:2;!*>6>5!+=C>23=@!D35C53G6>=2;!988=@5! 5C>=46>5C!6;2>I53!TV!C=>5C!635!356E=A7!5A=:=LA5!823!>I5!E5C=:;6>=2;S! " W F H A C Historic Resources from O regon Historic Sites Database 5/31/11 ³(OLJ´&ROXPQ (OLJLELOLW\(YDOXDWLRQIRUWKH1DWLRQDO5HJLVWHU ³(6´ (OLJLEOH6LJQLILFDQW ³156WDWXV´&ROXPQ 1DWLRQDO5HJLVWHUVWDWXV ³15,´ ,QGLYLGXDOO\OLVWHGLQWKH1DWLRQDO5HJLVWHU ³1+'´ &RQWULEXWLng to a National Register Historic District ³15%´ ,QGLYLGXDOO\OLVWHGLQWKH1DWLRQDO5HJLVWHUDQGFRQWULEXWLQJWRD1DWLRQDO5HJLVWHU+LVWRULF District " NR Property Name" Address or Location" City" County""""Y r Built ""Elig Status Canemah Historic District" [District]" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1850" ES" NRI Oregon City Downtown [District] Oregon City Clackamas c. 1867 ES Willamette Falls Industrial Area" Either side of the Willamette Falls" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1865" ES Harris, Mary, House" 212 14th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1904" ES Clark, George, House" 216 14th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1867" ES Healy, Catherine, House" 220 14th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1900" ES Hackett, Erwin Charles, House" 415 17th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1893" ES" NRI Greyhound Bus Depot" 214-218 6th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1949" ES Petzold, Richard, House" 504 6th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1911" ES" NRI Ermatinger, Francis, House" 619 6th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1845" ES" NRI First Congregational Church Of Oregon City" 710 6th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1925" ES" NRI Oregon City Municipal Elevator" 300 7th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1954" ES Singer Creek Falls & Steps" 300 8th St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1937" ES Engelbrecht, Gustav & Anna, House" 500 Abernethy Rd" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1909" ES Milne, James, House" 224 Center St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1869" ES" NRI McLoughlin, John, House " 713 Center St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1846" ES" NRI Barclay, Dr Forbes, House" 719 Center St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1849" ES" NRI Ermatinger House" 1018 Center" Oregon City" Clackamas" ES Straight, Hiram A, House" 16000 S Depot Ln" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1856" ES" NRI Latourette, Charles David, House" 503 High St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1882" ES" NRI Willamette River Bridge" Hwy 43" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1922" ES" NRI McLoughlin Promenade" Hwy 99" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1938" ES Clark, Elizabeth, House" 812 John Adams St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1930" ES" NRI Steele Medical Clinic" 1420 John Adams St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1955" ES Latourette, Dewitt Clinton, House" 914 Madison St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1891" ES" NRI Andresen Building" 619-623 Main St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1902" ES Old City Hall - McCald Building" 712 Main St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1925" ES Petzold, Richard B, Building" 714 Main St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1905" ES" NRI " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Clackamas County Courthouse" 801-807 Main St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1935" ES Storey, George Lincoln, House" 910 Pierce St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1891" ES" NRI McCarver, Morton Matthew, House" 554 Warner-Parrott Rd" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1850" ES" NRI Cross, Harvey, House" 809 Washington St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1888" ES" NRI Babcock, Charles C, House" 1214 Washington St" Oregon City" Clackamas" 1892" ES" NRI Tony's" 1316 Washington St" Oregon City" Clackamas" c.1945" ES Willamette Falls Locks" West bank, Willamette River" West Linn" Clackamas" 1873" ES" NRI Willamette Falls Neighborhood Historic District" Roughly bound by Willamette Falls Dr to" West Linn" Clackamas" 1895" ES" NRI " the north, 12th St to the east, 4th Ave to " the south, and 15th st to the west Baker House" 1822 SW 5th Ave" West Linn" Clackamas" c.1899" ES" NHD Ralston, J H, House" 1831 5th Ave" West Linn" Clackamas" c.1895" ES" NHD Walden, Nicholas O, House" 1847 SE 5th Ave" West Linn" Clackamas" c.1897" ES" NRB Logan House" 1731 SW 6th Ave" West Linn" Clackamas" c.1895" ES" NHD Buckles-Elligsen House" 1780 6th Ave" West Linn" Clackamas" c.1898" ES" NHD [House]" 5475 Grove" West Linn" Clackamas" c.1925" ES Jack, Glenn, House" 5495 Grove" West Linn" Clackamas" c.1924" ES Lewthwaite-Moffat House" 4891 Willamette Falls Dr" West Linn" Clackamas" 1896" ES" NRI 9(%('!B%,R*! dŚĞtŝůůĂŵĞƚƚĞ&ĂůůƐEĂƚŝŽŶĂů,ĞƌŝƚĂŐĞƌĞĂŝƐǁŝƚŚŝŶŽŶĞƚŽƚǁŽŚŽƵƌ͛ƐĚƌŝǀĞŽĨŵŽƌĞƚŚĂŶϱϯƐƚĂƚĞƉĂƌŬƐ͘&ŽƵƌ 28!>I5C5!J63HC!I6G5!I53=>6:5!>I545C!Q=>I!JA6@5WL6C5E!=;>53J35>6>=2;S!(I5C5!635[! x " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " "" )5Q!JI7C=@6A!354;6;>C!28!>I5!7563C!28!;6>=G5!I6L=>6>=2;!3546=;B!5F@5J>!823! >I5!;6>?36A!A6;EC@6J5S!(I5!D2QQ2Q!(355B!6!L=:!A568!46JA5!>I6>!C>6;EC! ;563!>I5!@2;8A?5;@5!28!>I5!"=AA645>>5!6;E! Willamette Falls Kayak Tour Great Blue Heron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͞'ĂƌĚĞŶŽĨ ĚĞŶ͟ǁŝƚŚƉůĞŶƚLJŽĨƌĂŝŶ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z ± R a r e " B o t a ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " ! ! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " " Rare Botanical Communities in the Willamette Valley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ĐƵƌƌĞŶƚůLJƉůĂŶŶŝŶŐĂǁĞĞŬĞŶĚĨĞƐƚŝǀĂůƚŽĐĞůĞďƌĂƚĞƚŚĞƌŝĚŐĞ͛ƐƌĞŽƉĞŶŝŶŐŝŶ )6AA!TUVTS!(I5!<26A=>=2;!JA6;C!823!>I5!5G5;>!>2!L5@245!6;;?6AS!! ! ! 7CJ?%(#01%$!4'*0J,?'*! (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356!=C!I245!>2!46;7!23:6;=R6>=2;C!>I6>!28853! 5E?@6>=2;6A!2JJ23>?;=>=5C!=;!A2@6A!@?A>?35!6;E!I=C>237!823!L2>I! A.12 ± January 2011 NHA Study C@I22A@I=AE35;!6;E!6E?A>CS!(I5C5!23:6;=R6>=2;C!=;@A?E5!6!;?4L53!28! /DXQFK ³7KH)DOOV7KH%ULGJH7KH 4?C5?4C!6;E!I53=>6:5!23:6;=R6>=2;CS!(I5!6356!6AC2!856>?35C!6!;?4L53!28! 6WRU\$Q(YHQWWR5HPHPEHU´ @244?;=>7!@5;>53CB!J?LA=@!A=L363=5CB!6;E!6!A2@6A!@244?;=>7!@2AA5:5!QI535! 5E?@6>=2;6A!5F>5;C=2;!2JJ23>?;=>=5C!6L2?;ES! ! (I5!A63:5C>!4?C5?4!=;!>I5!6356!=C!>I5!&?C5?4!28!>I5!935:2;!(533=>237B!2J536>5E!L7!>I5! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " " A.13 ± Heritage Organizations " " " " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Appendix B: Public Involvement = Positive Feedback M'((',*!0P!9JNN0,(! (I5!82AA2Q=;:!23:6;=R6>=2;CB!L?C=;5CC5CB!6;E!=;E=G=E?6AC!I6G5!C5;>!A5>>53C!28!C?JJ23>S!(I5!`U!A5>>53C! =;@A?E5!C?JJ23>!8324!A2@6A!L?C=;5CC5CB!H57!C>6H5I2AE53CB!A2@6A!;2;WJ328=>C!6;E!I53=>6:5!:32?JCB!6C!Q5AA! 6C!=;E=G=E?6AC!6;E!5A5@>5E!288=@=6ACS! ! #;E5F!28!A5>>53C!!\6AJI6L5>=@6AA7]! ! x <=>7!28!935:2;!<=>7! !! x <=>7!28!"5C>!$=;;!! x " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " APPENDIX B ± Public Involvement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`B!>I5!")+%5;C=G5!58823>!>2!H55J! =>C!J32@5CC5C!2J5;!6;E!=;@A?C=G5!QI=A5!C55H=;:!I=C>23=@6A!6@@?36@7!6;E!E=G53C5!J2=;>C!28!G=5QS!!! %8>53!@24JA5>=;:!C>36>5:=@!@244?;=>7!6Q635;5CC!=;=>=6>=G5C!6=45E!6>!:5>>=;:!>I5!45CC6:5!>2!2G53!VZBUUU!J52JA5B! 6;E!E=35@>A7!=;G2AG=;:!TZU!J52JA5!=;!>I5!C>?E7!J32@5CCB!G=3>?6AA7!6AA!855EL6@H!823!>I5!M+%!J32J2C6A!=C!J2C=>=G5B! Q=>I!TZ!A5>>53C!Q3=>>5;!>2!>I5!")+%!28!>I5!M+%!J32J2C6AS! dŚŝƐĂƉƉĞŶĚŝdžƉƌŽǀŝĚĞƐĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚĂƚŝŽŶŽĨƚŚĞt&,͛ƐĞĨĨŽƌƚƐƚŽƌĞĂĐŚĂŶĚŝŶĐůƵĚĞƚŚĞůŽĐĂůĐ244?;=>7B!>I5! 6356C!=;C=E5!6;E!@A2C5C>!>2!>I5!L2?;E63=5C!28!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%S!!! P>3520E:( ")+%=;:CB!5G5;>C!6;E!Q23HCI2JCB!C5;>!CJ56H53CB!.263E!454L53C!6;E! C>688!>2!@244?;=>7!5G5;>C!6;E!455>=;:CB!6;E!J32G=E5E!E368>!@2J=5C!28!>I5!856C=L=A=>7!C>?E7!=;! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " x Leadership Luncheon -20 elected officials discussed NHA with Heritage Economic Dev specialist Donovan Rypkema ± Oct 4 x Oregon City Chamber of Commerce (Purdy & Mattson, speakers, Oct 11) x Main Street Oregon City ± (Norris was annual meeting speaker to 60 business & community leaders, plus property owners ± Oct 13) x West Linn Centennial Committee (Norris, presenter, Dec 6) x Oregon City Chamber of Commerce (Purdy & Mattson, speakers- Dec 13) x Gerber Boes Architects (Carter, presented to Thomas Boes ± Dec 15) ! :;<:=<>! x Clackamas County Legislative Appreciation Dinner ± (Cowan asked 50 Clackamas County legislators for project support - Jan 12, 2012) x /$%?R%&%*!/0J1(E!20%,C!0P!/0&&#**#01',*!\M233=C!K!<2Q6;B!CJ56H53CB!6CH5E!823!35C2A?>=2;!28!C?JJ23>!W!! P6;!VTB!TUVT]! x "#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!)'*(#L%$!ʹ!23:6;=R5E!5G5;>A!Q=>I!=;82!L22>IB!I53=>6:5!>2?3CB!5>@S! x 3,'-01!+',#(%-'!/01P','1?'!!!!D23>A6;EB!9,!ʹ!N57;2>5!6EE35CC!L7!M233=C!=!!&67!VU! x M%R'(F.G,H%(0%??9@#$I(6,,$#@H"±"@0/1/-3/.""US8"@05@516A9"G5;-.604/1"35"$&""±"W;-/"#&9" #+!$" /0&&J1#(E!7L'1(*!ʹ!")+./!200(HA!$#(',%(J,'!%1C!*(%PP'C!VE!L0$J1('',a*c!! x D*.#(F$&&(C'5(I$6*(B"$+(Qc3':(SZ D$''"6*##*(B"''.(B*.#$9"'(Q-+02(`+$5,*(@*%/*&$&,(E*'*7+"#$%&R(((C0#(SP Arch Bridge Closing Event (Jan 15, 2011) Attendance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illamette Falls National Heritage Area: Partners in Commerce Willamette Falls National Heritage Area: Partners in Community Attendance: 84 June 21, 2011 ")+%5E!>Q2!Q23HCI2J!C5CC=2;C!>2!?JE6>5!>I5!J?LA=@!2;!=>C!J32:35CC!6C!Q5AA!6C!@2AA5@>!855EL6@H!6;E! =;J?>S!.2>I!Q23HCI2JC!82@?C5E!2;!6EE35CC=;:!@2;@53;C!28!:2G53;45;>!35:?A6>=2;S!(I5!423;=;:!C5CC=2;!@6>535E! >2!L?C=;5CC!6;E!J32J53>7!2Q;53C!=;!>I5!6356B!6;E!>I5!5G5;=;:!C5CC=2;!Q6C!:5635E!>2!I2452Q;53C!6;E! @244?;=>7!454L53CS!(I5=3!855EL6@HB!@2AA5@>5E!6;2;742?CA7!>I32?:I!Q3=>>5;!5G6A?6>=2;C!6;E!=;>536@>=G5!J2C>53! 5FI=L=>CB!Q6C!@2AA6>5E!6;E!E2@?45;>5E!L7!")+%<:!!M563A7!VUUn!28!>I5!J63>=@=J6;>C!C?JJ23>5E!>I5!J32J2C6AS! (I5=3!35@23E5E!@2445;>C!I=:IA=:I>5E!>I5!82AA2Q=;:!H57!=E56C[! -5>!>I5!Q23E!2?>!L5>>53[!!*@I22ACB!M5=:IL23I22E!%CC2@=6>=2;CB!5>@S! "I2!=C!8?;E=;:!>I5!C>?E7g! N55J!>I5!C>?E7!82@?C!L326ES! ŽŶ͛ƚŝŵƉĂĐƚƚŚĞDŝůůŽƌƚŚĞEĞŝŐŚďŽƌŚŽŽĚƐŶĞŐĂƚŝǀĞůLJ͘! .5!=;@A?C=G5!28[! W!D52JA5[!!%AA2Q!823!4235!=;G2AG545;>!\72?>I!6;E!6E?A>C]! W!*=>5C[!!%3@I!.3=E:5! )2@?C!2;!#;E?C>3=6A!+=C>237! *245!A=4=>5E!?;@53>6=;>7!6L2?>!QI5>I53!>2?3=C4!=C!>I5!E=35@>=2;!=;!QI=@I!:2G53;45;>!8?;E=;:!=C!42C>! ?C58?AS!!*245!L5A=5G5E!>I6>!>I535!635!4235!=4J23>6;>!>I=;:C!>2!8?;EB!6;E!4235!42;57!4=:I>!L5!;55E5E! >2!=4J32G5!=;836C>3?@>?35S! µ7KH(FRQRPLFVRI+HULWDJH¶ZLWK'RQRYDQ5\SNHPD - Oct 4, 2011 Attendance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ƉƌŽƉŽƐĂů͕ĞdžĐĞƉƚĨŽƌŽŶĞƚŚĂƚǁĂƐ͞ŶŽƚƐƵƌĞ͘͟<ĞLJŝĚĞĂƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞǁƌŝƚƚĞŶĂŶŽŶLJŵŽƵƐĞǀĂůƵĂƚŝŽŶƐŝŶĐůƵĚĞĚ͗! &6H5!@2;;5@>=2;C! .5!=;@A?C=G5B!5CJ5@=6AA7!28!G63=2?C!>3=L5C! .5!23:6;=R5E! D32G=E5!J?LA=@!5E?@6>=2;! .?=AE!;6>=2;6A!C=:;=8=@6;@5!6;E!:2!68>53!;6>=2;6A!45E=6!@2G536:5! M5QC!@2G536:5!Q6C!J32G=E5E!L7!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!(5A5G=C=2;!6;E!A2@6A!;5QCJ6J53CS! 3,-%1#[#1-!.?(#L#(#'*W!:;;]!ʹ!:;<>! June 3, 2005 One Willamette River United Conference <2;:35CCQ246;!163A5;5!+22A57!I5AE!6!@2;8535;@5!Q=>I!=;>535C>5E!J63>=5C!8324!@244?;=>=5C!6;E!@=>=5C!6A2;:! >I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!=;!935:2;!<=>7S!!(I5!J?3J2C5!28!>I5!@2;8535;@5!Q6C!>2!@356>5!6!J63>;53CI=J!L5>Q55;!@=>=5CB! L?C=;5CC5C!6;E!J52JA5!6A2;:!>I5!"=AA645>>5!,=G53!>I6>!Q2?AE!A56E!>2!@2AA6L236>=G5!J32X5@>C!>2!C>=4?A6>5! C?C>6=;6LA5!5@2;24=@!E5G5A2J45;>!=;!>I5!@244?;=>=5C!>2!J35C53G5B!5;53:=R5!6;E!35G=>6A=R5!@?A>?35B!I53=>6:5B! @2;C53G6>=2;B!L?C=;5CC!6;E!6:3=@?A>?35S! June 2005 ± October 2006 Oregon City-West Linn Willamette River Task Force Meetings (monthly) *>6H5I2AE53CB!=;@A?E=;:! C0#%7*+(SY4(POOU((((C&*(D$''"6*##*(@$9*+(]&$#*5(AAK(@*9$#"'$e$&,(@$9*+(E%663&$#$*.(((((-##*&5"&0*K(SOOf( <2;:35CCQ246;!163A5;5!+22A57!I5AE!6!C5@2;E!823?4!>2!E=C@?CC!J2>5;>=6A!@2AA6L236>=G5!J32X5@>C!6A2;:!>I5! "=AA645>>5!,=G53S!! October 2006 ± October 2008 Oregon City-West Linn Willamette River Task Force Meetings (monthly) *>6H5I2AE53!&55>=;:C!@2;>=;?5!35:?A63A7!L5>Q55;!=;>535C>5E!J63>=5C!6;E!;5Q!J2>5;>=6A!J63>;53C!Q535!=E5;>=8=5E! 6;E!J?3C?5ES! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " June 16, 2008 Oregon City - West Linn Task Force Planning Meeting &63H!16G=C2;B!935:2;!*>6>5!D63HCB!A56EC!=;>535C>5E!C>6H5I2AE53C!=;!6!455>=;:!>2!E5G5A2J!6!J32X5@>!C@2J5!6;E! E5G5A2J!@2;@5J>?6A!6:5;E6C!823!>Q2!C>?E=2C!>2!L5!I5AE!6>!>I5!0;=G53C=>7!28!935:2;!35:63E=;:!>I5!G=C=2;!28!6! "=AA645>>5!)6AAC!M6>=2;6A!+53=>6:5!%356S! October 16, 2008 Oregon City - West Linn Task Force Planning Meeting (I5!(6CH!)23@5!35;645C!=>C5A8!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356!<26A=>=2;S!! October 2008 - September 2011 WFHAC Steering Committee Meetings (monthly) *>553=;:!<244=>>55!455>=;:C!@2;>=;?5!35:?A63A7!?;>=A!>I5!.263E!28!1=35@>23C!8234C!=;!*5J>54L53!TUVVS!!(I5C5! 455>=;:C!Q535!42;>IA7!6;E!2J5;!>2!>I5!J?LA=@S! April 23, 2009 National Heritage Area Discussion (I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!+53=>6:5!%356!<26A=>=2;!I2AEC!6!J?LA=@!455>=;:!>2!E=C@?CC!>I5!J2CC=L=A=>7!28!6!M6>=2;6A! +53=>6:5!%356!823!>I5!"=AA645>>5!)6AAC!6356S! September 2011 ± Present WFHAC Board of Directors Meetings (monthly) .263E!28!1=35@>23C!455>=;:C!@2;>=;?5!35:?A63A7S!!(I5C5!455>=;:C!Q535!42;>IA7B!2J5;!>2!>I5!J?LA=@B!6;E!=;@A?E5E! >=45!823!J?LA=@!@2445;>S! 3J(,'%?H!g!)''CV%?R!G%(',#%$*! (2!C?JJ23>!>I5!G53L6A!45CC6:5B!>I5!")+%6H5W6Q67!46>53=6AC!>2!5;6LA5!>I5!J?LA=@!>2! A563;!4235!6L2?>!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%S! A&8%(`%%#2! ")+%5E!6!>36;CJ23>6LA5!L22>I!E=CJA67!>I6>!Q6C!>6H5;!86=3CB!5G5;>CB!6;E!J35C5;>6>=2;C!6;E!?C5E! 6C!6!G=C?6A!6=E!>2!5;:6:5!>I5!J?LA=@!?;E53C>6;E=;:!28!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%S!.263E!454L53C!46;;5E! ĂƚƚĞŶĚĞĚƚŚĞƚŚĂƚĞǀĞƌLJǀĞŶƵĞ͘dŚĞLJĐŽůůĞĐƚĞĚŶĂŵĞƐĂŶĚĐŽŶƚĂĐƚŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶĨŽƌƚŚĞŽĂůŝƚŝŽŶ͛Ɛ A=C>C53G!6;E!Q535!6G6=A6LA5!823!@2;G53C6>=2;!>2!L22>I!G=C=>23CS!(I5!L22>IB!>2:5>I53!Q=>I!>I5! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " !!!!!!!!!!20%,C!&'&V',!D#&!G%((#*!#1!(H'!61P0!200(H!#1!"'*(!M#11!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! Story Cards ")+%5E!6;E!E=C>3=L?>5E!J2C>@63EC!>2!5;@2?36:5!>I5!:5;536A!J?LA=@!>2!@2;>3=L?>5!C>23=5C!6;E! ŵĞŵŽƌŝĞƐƚŽƚŚĞt&,͛ƐŝŶǀĞŶƚŽƌLJ͘dŚĞƉŽƐƚĐĂƌĚƐ͕ĂĚĚƌĞƐƐĞĚƚŽt&,͕ĂůƐŽƉƌŽǀŝĚĞĚƚŚĞƉƵďůŝĐ 6;2>I53!45>I2E!=;!QI=@I!>I57!@2?AE!56C=A7!@2;>6@>!")+% Brochures #;!TUVVB!>I5!")+%=2;6A!L32@I?35!823!E=C>3=L?>=2;!>2!>I5!J?LA=@S!)=3C>! E5G5A2J5E!823!>I5!%3@I!.3=E:5! Website ")+%6=;C!6!@2;C=C>5;>!Q5L!J35C5;@5!6C!J63>!28!=>C!58823>C!>2!J3242>5!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%!S!(I5! Q5LC=>5!=;@A?E5C!=;82346>=2;!6L2?>!>I5!<26A=>=2;B!?J@24=;:!6;E!J6C>!5G5;>CB!6;!2G53G=5Q!28!>I5! >I545C!6;E!I=C>237!28!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%B!6;E!@2;>6@>!=;82346>=2;!823!")+% Social Media ")+%5;E5E!=>C!2?>356@I!C>36>5:7!>2!=;@A?E5!)6@5L22HB!6C!Q5AA!6C!46=;>6=;!6!J?LA=@!A=C>C53G!823! :5;536A!?JE6>5C!6;E!5G5;>!6;;2?;@545;>CS!!(I32?:I!>I5C5!C2@=6A!45E=6!45>I2ECB!")+%I6;!`UU!J52JA5!Q=>I!56@I!?JE6>5!6;E!6;;2?;@545;>S! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " )22?F0EQ( %A2;:C=E5!>I5!58823>!>2!L?=AE!J?LA=@!6Q635;5CC!823!>I5!J32J2C5E!M+%B!>I5!")+%!J?LA=@! =;J?>!6;E!5G6A?6>=2;!28!>I5!E368>!856C=L=A=>7!C>?E7S!!<2J=5C!28!>I5!)56C=L=A=>7!*>?E7!6;E!855EL6@H! ;2>5L22HC!Q535!JA6@5E!=;!8=G5! " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " "#$$%&'(('!+',#(%-'!.,'%!9N'?J$%(#L'!5'*#-1!TJ#C'!!!!$6;EC@6J5!%3@I=>5@>?35!15J63>45;>! 0;=G53C=>7!28!935:2;B!'?:5;5!935:2;!!!'E=>5E!L7!,2L53>!,=L5!6;E!,5;6!*@IA6@I>53!!TUUa " " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Bibliography "#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!.,'%!/0%$#(#01!/0$$'?(#01! a#('&*!*'1(!(0!N,0X'?(!*(%PP!:;<;!ʹ!:;<:c! Adams, W. Claude. (1951). History of Papermaking in the Pacific orthwest. Portland, OR: Binford & Mort. Blue Heron Company. (2010). Blue Heron Company. Retrieved September 5, 2011, from http://www.blueheronpaper.com/ City of Oregon City. (2011). Heritage Sites and Resources, Oregon City: OR: City of Oregon City. Retrieved from http://www.orcity.org/maps/heritage-sites-and-resources City of West Linn. (2011). GIS Quick Facts about West Linn , West Linn, OR: City of West Linn. Retrieved from http://westlinnoregon.gov/maps/gis-quick-facts-about-west-linn Clark, R.C., Down, R.H., & Blue, G.V. (1926). A History of Oregon. Chicago and New York: Row, Peterson, and Company. Corning, Howard McKinley. (1947). Willamette Landings: Ghost Towns of the River. Portland, OR: Oregon Historical Society. Friends of the French Prairie. (2011). Friends of the French Prairie. Retrieved August 10, 2011, from http://friendsoffrenchprairie.org/index.html. Greisser, Arthur H. (1982). History of Portland General Electric Company, 1889-1981. Portland, OR: Portland General Electric. Hadlow, Robert W. (2001). Elegant Arches, Soaring Spans: C.B. McCullough, Oregon's Master Bridge Builder. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press. Johansen, D.O. & Gates, C.M. (1957). Empire of the Columbia: A History of the Pacific Northwest. New York: Harper Row Publishers. Kline, Maury. (2008). The Power Makers: Steam, Electricity and the Men Who Invented Modern America. New York: Bloomsbury Press. Kramer, George. (2002). Willamette Falls Industrial Area: Request for Determination of Eligibility. Eugene: Heritage Research Associates. Kramer, George. (2004). Interstate Highway System in Oregon: A Historic Overview. Salem: Oregon Department of Transportation. Lockley, Fred. (1928). History of the Columbia River Valley from The Dalles to the Sea, Vol. II. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. Longwoods International. (2010). Oregon 2009 Visitor Report. New York, NY: Longwoods Travel USA. Retrieved from http://industry.traveloregon.com/upload/otc/departments/tourismdevelopment/oregon2009statereportjan27updatewithnati onal.pdf Lynch, V. (1973). Free Land for Free Men: A Story of Clackamas County. Portland, OR: Artline Printing. Morrison, D. (1999). Outpost: John McLoughlin and the Far Northwest. Portland, OR: Oregon Historical Society Press. Morrison, Samuel Eliot. (1927). New England and the Opening of the Columbia River Salmon Trade. In Oregon Historical Quarterly (Vol. XXVIII). Portland, OR: Oregon Historical Society. National Park Service. (2011). Oregon. Retrieved January 15, 2012, from http://www.nps.gov/state/or/index.htm " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Oregon Department of Agriculture. (2011). Oregon Agriculture Facts and Figures, Salem, OR: Oregon Department of Agriculture. Retrieved from http://oregon.gov/ODA/docs/pdf/pubs/ff.pdf Oregon Historic Sites. (2011). Historic Resources from Oregon Historic Sites Database. Retrieved December 15, 2011 from Oregon State Historic Preservation Office. Oregon Historical Society. (1969). Steamboat Days on the River. Portland, OR: Glass-Dahlstom Printers. Oregon State Highway Commission. Sixth Biennial Report of the Oregon State Highway Commission, Covering the Period December 1, 1922 to November 30, 1924. Salem, OR: Oregon State Highway Commission. Oregon State Parks and Recreation. (2007) Willamette River Recreation Guide, Salem, OR: Oregon State Parks and Recreation. Retrieved from http://www.oregon.gov/OSMB/library/docs/WillametteRiverGuidePDF.pdf?ga=t Oregon State University. (2010). Willamette River Water Quality, Corvallis, OR: Institute for Water and Watersheds and Corvallis Environmental Center. Retrieved from http://water.oregonstate.edu/projects/willwq.htm Pollard, Lancaster. (1946). Oregon and the Pacific Northwest. Portland, OR: Binfords & Mort. Porter, Kenneth Wiggins. (1931). John Jacob Astor. Cambridge: Harvard University. Robley, Roy R. (1935). Portland Electric Power Company with its Predecessor and Subsidiary Companies 1860-1935. Portland, OR: Portland General Electric. Tompkins, Jim. (2002). 3000 Year History of Oregon City. Unpublished. US Census Bureau. (2010). Clackamas County Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics (American Community Survey). Washington, DC: US Census Bureau. Retrieved from http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_SF2_SF2DP1&prodType=ta ble US Census Bureau. (2010). Clackamas County Selected Economic Characteristics (American Community Survey). Washington, DC: US Census Bureau. Retrieved from http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_DP03&prodType=table US Census Bureau. (2010). Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics (American Community Survey). Washington, DC: US Census Bureau. Retrieved from http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DP_DPDP1&prodType=table US Census Bureau. (2010). Selected Economic Characteristics (American Community Survey). Washington, DC: US Census Bureau. Retrieved from http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_10_1YR_DP03&prodType=table Winther, Oscar Osborn. (1955). The Great Northwest: A History. New York: Alfred A. Knopf .$#?'!@0,,#*!/0$$'?(#01! Bailey, George. (1852). History of George Bailey, Oregon Pioneer. S.N. Boyington, Mildred S. (1973). $+LVWRU\RI6W3DXO¶V(SLVFRSDO&KXUFK2UHJRQ&LW\2UHJRQWKURXJK . S.N. Bruner, Donald, and Bruner, Marilyn. (2000). Legend of Wappato, Chief Cassino of the Multnomah. Bookpartners. Bullard, William C. (1990). Bound for the Promised Land. City of Independence: National Frontier Trails Center. Bushnell, Daniel Edwin. Papers and diaries, 1859 ± 1903. S.N. Calkins, Erica. (1996). Hatchet, Hands & Hoe: Planting the Pioneer Spirit. Caldwell, ID: Caxton Press. " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Clackamas County Department of Planning. Maps of Barlow Road. Alice Norris Collection. Clackamas County Historical Society and Wasco County Historical Society (1998) [1991]. Barlow Road (sixth edition ed.). Bend, Oregon: Maverick Productions, Inc. Cooper, Arvazena A. S. (1901) Our Journey Across the Plains from Missouri to Oregon. S.N. Dublin, William Brooks. (1982). 7UDLO¶V(QG2UHJRQ&LW\ :KHUHWKH3DVW0HHWVWKH3UHVHQW. W.H. Green. Dye, Eva Emery. (1902). McLoughlin and Old Oregon. S.N. Eastham: A History. Book of photos and history compiled by students ECONorthwest. (1996). Amended Master Plan for End of the Oregon Trail. Portland, OR: Regional Strategies. ECONorthwest. (2008). Access to Willamette Falls: Financial Feasibility of Aerial Skyway. Portland, OR: City of Oregon City. Enders, Pat McMartin. (1979). Pioneer Woman. London: Solo Press. Gardner, Wilmer. (1987). Over 100 Years of Old Oregon City. Oregon City: Clackamas County Historical Society. Goltra, Elizabeth. (1853). Oregon Trail Diary of Elizabeth Goltra. S.N. Handsaker, Samuel. (1853). Oregon Trail Diary of Samuel Handsaker. S.N. Hayden, Pam. (1993). Barlow Road Historic Corridor: Westernmost Segment of the Oregon Trail ± Background Report & Management Plan. Oregon City, OR: Clackamas County Department of Transportation and Development ± Barlow Road Management Plan Advisory Group. History of Park Place School. Photos and history compiled by students Lansing, Ronald B. (1993). Juggernaut: The Whitman Massacre Trial, 1850. Ninth Judicial Circuit Historical Society. Mackey, Harold. (1974). The Kalapuyans. Salem, OR: Mission Mill Museum. Misner, Cordelia Clark. (1860). Oregon Trail Diary of Cordelia Clark Misner. S.N. 2¶'RQQHOO7errence. (1988). That Balance so Rare: The Story of Oregon. Portland, OR: Oregon Historical Society Press. Oregon Trail Advisory Council. (1988). Our Oregon Trail: A Report to the Governor. Salem, OR: Oregon Trail Advisory Council. Oregon Trail Marketing Coalition. (1994). Oregon Trail Itinerary Planner: The Oregon Trail Then and Now. Alice Norris Collection. Owen, Benjamin Franklin. (1853). Oregon Trail Diary of Benjamin Franklin Owen. S.N. Parrish, Edward Evans. (1844). Oregon Trail Diary of Edward Evans Parrish. S.N. Peterson, Pete. (1975). Our Wagon Train is Lost. New American Gothic. Sager, C., Sager, E., and Sager, M. (1997). [1981]. Whitman Massacre of 1847. Ye Galleon Press. Thompson, D. P. and Norris, A.P. (1984). Oregon City Public Schools: Our Heritage. S.N. Tompkins, Jim. (1996). Discovering Laurel Hill and Barlow Road: A Self-Guided Tour of the Barlow Road featuring Laurel +LOO%DUORZ3DVV'HYLO¶V+DOI$FUH0HDGRZ3LRQHHU:RPDQ¶V*UDYH6XPPLW0HDGRZVPortland, OR: Oregon Trail Foundation. Tompkins, Jim. (2006). Oregon City: Images of America. Mount Pleasant, SC: Arcadia Publishing. City of Oregon City (1983) Oregon City Downtown Renewal Plan. " ""!"#$$%&'(('!)%$$*!+',#(%-'!%,'%!)'%*#.#$#(/!*(01/" " Oregon City Schools (1980). PEAK at Logan, a photo history by students. Oregon City Schools (1980). Ring Out the Old: A History of the Barclay School. Oregon Trail Foundation (1990). Master Plan for End of the Oregon National Historic Trail. Oregon Trail Foundation (1990). Summary Report: Concept Development Workshop for Master Plan End of the Oregon Trail Interpretive Center. Oregon Trail Advisory Committee. (1998). Oregon Historic Trails Report. City of Oregon City (2002). Preservation Master Plan for Historic Ermatinger House. Walker Macy. (2002). Oregon City Waterfront Master Plan. Portland, OR: City of Oregon CIty. Welsh, William D. (1947). A Brief History of Oregon City & West Linn, Oregon. Crown-Zellerbach. Wilson, Nancy and Webber, Bert. (1994). Dr. John McLoughlin: Master of Ft. Vancouver, Father of Oregon. Webb Research Group. ! "