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Power Structures in Two Communities: a Comparative Analysis. William John Conway Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College

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Power Structures in Two Communities: a Comparative Analysis. William John Conway Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1970 Power Structures in Two Communities: a Comparative Analysis. William John Conway Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Conway, William John, "Power Structures in Two Communities: a Comparative Analysis." (1970). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 1832. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/1832 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 71-6552 CONWAY, William John, 1938- POWER STRUCTURES IN TWO COMMUNITIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1970 Sociology, general University Microfilms, Inc.. Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED POWER STRUCTURES IN TWO COMMUNITIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy m The Department of Sociology by William John Conway B.A., Wisconsin State University, 1965 M.A., Louisiana State University, 1969 August, 1970 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author is particularly grateful to his wife, June, to Professor Vernon J. Parenton, and to Professor Walfrid J. Jokinen. June is an extraordinary combination of girl and woman. She has judge­ ment and the wit to express it. She has the ability to say things gentle and deep. She makes it all worthwhile. Professor Parenton is a superior man whose life signifies the difference between a real man and men. To those who know him, his daily works praise him better than my words. To those who do not, my words are totally inadequate. Pro­ fessor Jokinen is an unassuming scholar and administrator and an exceptional credit to his discipline. His personal integrity is a model to those of us who would call ourselves husband, father, teacher or friend. Professor William G. Haag exemplifies the best in teaching. His unselfish concern for his students is a true measure of the man. For that, and for his knowledgeable and meaningful presentations of conven­ tional and unconventional man, the author is deeply appreciative. Professor Perry Howard has thoughtfully assisted the author throughout his graduate work, in numerous ways. His willingness to lend support, advice and constructive criticism is greatly appreciated. Professor Virgil Williams has given time and effort to this research endeavor. The author appreciates his assistance. Mr. Wendell Hester has contributed greatly to the completion of this work by offering time, insight and a balanced perspective. The ii author is grateful to him not only for those invaluable contributions but for the spirit in which they were given. Were it not for the residents of both communities who cooperated in the research, the present study would not exist. The disclosure of information that only they could have provided, the time they took from busy schedules to provide it, and the interest they showed in doing so is greatly appreciated. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................. ii LIST OF T A B L E S ................................................ viii LIST OF FIGURES.............................................. xi ABSTRACT .................................................... xii CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION .......................................... 1 Statement of the Problem............................. 1 Significance and Objectives of the Study ............. 2 Theoretical Framework and Review of the Literature . 5 II. BIGTOWN AND LAKE C I T Y ................................. 40 Introduction ........................................ 40 B i g t o w n ............................................ 40 Ecology and E c o n o m y ............................... 40 Government, Politics, Education ................... 47 Lake C i t y .......................................... 50 Ecology and E c o n o m y ............................... 50 Government, Politics, Education ................... 55 S u m m a r y ............................................ 58 III. METHODOLOGY ..................... ' .................. 60 Introduction ........................................ 60 Sources and Nature of the D a t a ....................... 60 The Decisional Approach ........................... 62 iv CHAPTER PAGE The Issues in Lake C i t y ........................... 66 The Teachers' Strikes ........................... 66 The Housing C o d e ............................... 70 The Sheriff's Election ......................... 72 The Y.M.C.A..................................... 74 The Issues in Bigtown............................. 75 The Sales T a x .................................. 75 Appointment of the New City A t t o r n e y ........... 77 Police-Black Community Relations ............... 78 The United G i v e r s ............................... 78 The Reputational Approach ......................... 80 The Bigtown S a m p l e ............................... 80 Methods of Analysis................................. 81 H y p o t h e s e s ........................................ 82 Summary............................................ 84 IV. ANALYSIS OF THE LEADERSHIP D A T A ....................... 87 Introduction ...................................... 87 Reputational and Decisional Power in Bigtown ........ 87 Reputational and Decisional Power in Lake City .... 103 Recapitulation .................................... 117 Leadership Structures and Community Resources ........ 118 Social and Organizational Interaction Among Leaders . 120 Evaluation of Hypotheses 1, 2, 3 and 4 ............. 130 v CHAPTER PAGE Past and Present Research in Lake C i t y ............... 138 S u m m a r y ............................................ 141 V. BIGTOWN RANK AND FILE PERSPECTIVES..................... 145 Introduction ........................................ 145 The S a m p l e .......................................... 145 R e c r e a t i o n ........................................ 147 Public Transportation ............................... 149 Street and Highway Maintenance....................... 150 Emp lo y m e n t ........................................ 151 Education.......................................... 152 Sex Education...................................... 154 D r u g s .............................................. 155 P o l i c e ............................................ 156 P l a n n i n g .......................................... 158 Rank and File Versus Leaders' Perceptions............. 159 Evaluation Of Hypotheses 5 and 6 ..................... 165 Summary.............................................. 169 VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS................................. 171 Introduction ........................................ 171 Summary of Major Findings............................. 171 The Leadership Structures ........................... 172 Pluralism vs. Elitism............................... 174 Methodological and Theoretical Considerations . 180 vi PAGE SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................ 186 APPENDIX .................................................... 192 VITA ....................................................... 208 vii LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE I. Distribution of Family Income in Bigtown, 1960 .......... 44 II. Distribution of Family Income in Lake City, 1960 ........ 53 III. Top Leaders by Decisional and Reputational Methods in Bigtown .................................... 88 IV. Overlap and Non-Overlap Among Bigtown Decision Makers and Influentials by Rank and Subclass......... 92 V. Top Influentials Initiating Policy Determining Meetings............................................ 99 VI. Affiliation of Blacks with Bigtown Leadership Structure by Number of Decisions and Nominations .... 100 VII. Sociocultural Characteristics of Decision-Makers and Influentials, in Bigtown, (Per Cent and N u m b e r ) ............................................ 103 VIII- ToP headers by Decisional and Reputational Methods in Lake C i t y ................................. 104 IX. Overlap and Non-Over lap Among Lake City Decision Makers and Influentials by Rank and Subclass......... 106 X. "Retired" or "Semi-Retired" Lake City Influentials and Their Influential and Decision-Making Associates ........................................ 108 XI. Sociocultural Characteristics of Decision-Makers and Influentials in Lake City (Per Cent and Numbers) .... 113 viii PAGE Educational Level of Decision-Makers and Influentials in Lake City ......................... 114 Time in Residence of Decision-Makers and Influentials in Lake City ......................... 114 Resource Base of Decision-Makers and Influentials in Lake City . ................... 115 Income Levels of Decision-Makers and Influentials in Lake C i t y ....................... 116 Sociocultural Characteristics of Lake City and Bigtown Influentials and Decision-Makers, in Per Cent ........................................ 119 Overlap Among Influentials in Bigtown and Lake C i t y ............................................ 121 Overlap by Sociocultural
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