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Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops

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Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops Field Guide for Integrated Pest Management in Hops Third Edition • 2015 A Cooperative Publication Produced by Washington State University, Oregon State University, University of Idaho, and U.S. Department of Agriculture in cooperation with Michigan State University and Cornell University Coordination, Copyediting, and Graphic Design Sally D. O’Neal Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center Washington State University, Prosser, WA Technical Editors Douglas B. Walsh, Senior Technical Editor, Third Edition Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center Washington State University, Prosser, WA David H. Gent, Senior Technical Editor, First and Second Editions United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR James D. Barbour Southwest Idaho Research and Extension Center University of Idaho, Parma, ID Rick A. Boydston Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center USDA Agricultural Research Service, Prosser, WA Ann E. George Hop Growers of America, Hop Growers of Washington, U.S. Hop Industry Plant Protection Committee, and Washington Hop Commission, Moxee, WA David G. James Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center Washington State University, Prosser, WA J Robert Sirrine Community Food Systems Educator Michigan State University Extension, Suttons Bay, MI Acknowledgements Contributors Funding for this field guide American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN Erin Lizotte, MSU Extension, Cadillac, MI was made by possible by grants from the Western IPM Center Craig R. Baird, SIREC, UI, Parma, ID Walter F. Mahaffee, USDA-ARS, Corvallis, OR and the Brewers Association. Dez J. Barbara, Horticulture Research International, Trish McGee, Sustainability Victoria, Melbourne, Financial support also was Warwick, United Kingdom Victoria, Australia provided by Oregon Hop Commission, Oregon State James D. Barbour, SIREC, UI, Parma, ID Thomas M. Mowry, UI, ID University, Michigan State Ron A. Beatson, HortResearch, Motueka, New Tom Murray, Author of Insects of New England and University, University of Idaho, Zealand New York U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, George W. Bird, MSU, MI Mark E. Nelson, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA Washington Hop Commission, Rick A. Boydston, USDA-ARS, Prosser, WA John L. Obermeyer, Purdue University, West and Washington State Lafayette, IN University. Vicky Brewster, Illustrator Deborah J. “Tora” Brooks, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, Cynthia M. Ocamb, OSU, Corvallis, OR This material is based upon WA Sally D. O’Neal, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Lilian B. Calderwood, University of Vermont, Robert Parker, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA Burlington, VT Agriculture, U.S. Department Sarah J. Pethybridge, Cornell University, Geneva, NY of Agriculture, under Specialty Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health Christopher R. Philips, University of Minnesota, Crop Research Initiative award (formerly Bugwood Network), University of numbers 2009-51181-05790 Grand Rapids, MN Georgia, Tifton, GA and 2014-51181-22381. Any Tara G. Piraneo, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA opinions, findings, conclusions, Natasha R. Cerruti, Purdue University, West or recommendations expressed Lafayette, IN Johann Portner, Bavarian State Research Center for in this publication are those Agriculture, Wolnzach, Germany Heather M. Darby, University of Vermont, St. Albans, of the authors and do not Beth Price, http://www.bethpricephotography.com necessarily reflect the view of the VT U.S. Department of Agriculture. Amy J. Dreves, OSU, Corvallis, OR Melodie L. Putnam, OSU, Corvallis, OR Sebastjan Radišek, Slovenian Institute for Hop and The editors gratefully Kenneth C. Eastwell, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA Breeding, Žalec, Slovenia acknowledge the many reviewers Bernhard Engelhard, Bavarian State Research Center and authors who contributed for Agriculture, Wolnzach, Germany Charlie L. Rohwer, University of Minnesota, SROC, to this publication. We also Waseca, MN recognize the U.S. hop industry Melanie Filotas, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, for its continued support of Food and Rural Affairs, Canada Dave Sbur, Trident Agricultural Products, Woodland, WA research, extension, integrated Glenn C. Fisher, OSU, Corvallis, OR J Robert Sirrine, MSU Extension, Suttons Bay, MI pest management, and environmental stewardship. Joel Floyd, Illustrator, Cal B. Skotland, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA http://joelfloydillustration.com Darrell R. Smith, Busch Agricultural Resources, Inc., Reference in this publication to a David M. Gadoury, Cornell University, Geneva, NY Yakima, WA trademark, proprietary product, or company name by personnel David H. Gent, USDA-ARS and OSU, Corvallis, OR Julien Venne, Professional Agronomy Consultant, Quebec, Canada of the U.S. Department of Amanda J. Gevens, University of Wisconsin, Agriculture or anyone else is Madison, WI Douglas B. Walsh, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA intended for explicit description only and does not imply Margaret A. Goll, MSU, East Lansing, MI Fred W. Warner, MSU, MI approval or recommendation to Chelsea A. Gordon, The Ohio State University, Florian Weihrauch, Bavarian State Research the exclusion of others that may Wooster, OH Center for Agriculture, Wolnzach, Germany be suitable. Ken Gray Image Collection, OSU, Corvallis, OR Paul J. Werner, MSU Extension, L’Anse, MI All rights reserved. No portion of Daniel P. Groenendale, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA Doug Whitener, G.S. Long, Yakima, WA this book may be reproduced in any form, including photocopy, Mary K. Hausbeck, MSU, East Lansing, MI Sierra N. Wolfenbarger, OSU, Corvallis, OR microfilm, information storage Frank S. Hay, Cornell University, Geneva, NY Joanna L. Woods, OSU, Corvallis, OR and retrieval system, computer database, or software, or by any David G. James, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA Larry C. Wright, IAREC, WSU, Prosser, WA means, including electronic or Dennis A. Johnson, WSU, Pullman, WA Bernard H. Zandstra, MSU, East Lansing, MI mechanical, without written permission from the Hop Growers of America. Abbreviations: Copyright is not claimed in any IAREC = Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center portion of this work written by MSU = Michigan State University U.S. government employees as a OSU = Oregon State University part of their official duties. SIREC = Southwest Idaho Research and Extension Center SROC = Southern Research and Outreach Center © 2015 USDA-ARS = United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Hop Growers of America UI = University of Idaho WSU = Washington State University Table of Contents Introduction Nematodes ................................................................45 Background, Purpose, and Use of This Guide .....................1 Arthropod and Mollusk Management Principles of Integrated Pest Aphids ................................................................................47 Management ..............................................................2 Beetles Pesticide Toxicology and Selectivity California Prionus Beetle ..........................................49 Pesticide Toxicity Ratings ...................................................6 Hop Flea Beetle ........................................................51 Pesticide Resistance Management .......................................8 Japanese Beetle ..........................................................52 Root Weevils .............................................................54 Disease Management Rose Chafer ..............................................................55 Fungal and Bacterial Diseases Western Spotted Cucumber Beetle ...........................56 Alternaria Cone Disorder .......................................12 Garden Symphylan .............................................................57 Black Root Rot .......................................................14 Leafhoppers .......................................................................59 Downy Mildew ......................................................15 Lepidopteran Larvae (Caterpillars) .....................................60 Fusarium Canker ....................................................22 Mites .................................................................................66 Fusarium Cone Tip Blight ......................................23 Slugs and Snails ..................................................................70 Gray Mold ..............................................................24 Powdery Mildew .....................................................25 Beneficial Arthropods and Pathogens Red Crown Rot ......................................................30 Introduction .....................................................................71 Sclerotinia Wilt (White Mold) ...............................32 Predatory Mites ................................................................72 Sooty Mold ............................................................33 Predatory Lady Beetles .....................................................74 Verticillium Wilt ....................................................34 Predatory Bugs .................................................................78 Diseases of Minor Importance ................................36 Parasitic Wasps (Parasitoids) .............................................81 Virus and Viroid Diseases Parasitic and Predatory Flies ............................................82 Carlavirus Complex ................................................38
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