DOCSLIB.ORG

By Amanda Jeanne Lea University Program in Ecology D

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
By Amanda Jeanne Lea University Program in Ecology D Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus) by Amanda Jeanne Lea University Program in Ecology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Jenny Tung, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Susan Alberts, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Anne Pusey ___________________________ Barbara Engelhardt Martin ___________________________ Susan Murphy Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University Program in Ecology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2017 ABSTRACT Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus) by Amanda Jeanne Lea University Program in Ecology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Jenny Tung, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Susan Alberts, Co-supervisor ___________________________ Anne Pusey ___________________________ Barbara Engelhardt Martin ___________________________ Susan Murphy An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University Program in Ecology in the Graduate School of Duke University 2017 Copyright by Amanda Jeanne Lea 2017 Abstract In many species, early life experiences have striking effects on health, reproduction, and survival in adulthood. Thus, early life conditions shape a range of evolutionarily relevant traits, and in doing so alter the genotype-phenotype relationship and the phenotypic distribution on which selection acts. Because of the key role early life effects play in generating variation in fitness-related traits, understanding their evolution and mechanistic basis is crucial. To gain traction on these topics, my dissertation draws on ecological, demographic, and genomic data from a long-term study population of wild baboons in Amboseli, Kenya to address two themes: (i) the adaptive significance of early life effects and (ii) the molecular mechanisms that connect early life experiences with later life traits. In service to the second theme, I also (iii) develop a laboratory method for understanding the role of one particular mechanism— DNA methylation—in translating environmental inputs into phenotypic variation. In chapter one, I empirically test two competing explanations for how early life effects evolve, providing novel insight into the evolution of developmental plasticity in a long- lived species. In chapter two, I address the degree to which ecological effects on fitness- related traits in a wild baboon population are potentially mediated by changes in DNA methylation. Finally, in chapter three, I develop a high-throughput assay to improve our knowledge of the phenotypic relevance of changes in the epigenome. Together, this iv work provides insight into the genes and mechanisms involved in sensing and responding to environmental variation, and more generally addresses several key gaps in our understanding of how environmental inputs are translated into evolutionarily relevant trait variation. v Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. xi List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. xii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... xiii 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Chapter 1: The adaptive significance of developmental plasticity ............................ 3 1.2.1 Key questions and current gaps in knowledge ....................................................... 3 1.2.2 Empirical tests of developmental constraints versus predictive response models ..................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Chapter 2: The molecular mechanisms that mediate developmental plasticity ...... 8 1.3.1 Key questions and current gaps in knowledge ....................................................... 8 1.3.2 Environmental effects on the epigenome in natural populations ...................... 11 1.4 Functional effects of variation in DNA methylation ................................................. 13 1.4.1 Key questions and current gaps in knowledge ..................................................... 13 1.4.2 Methods for causally testing the effects of DNA methylation on gene expression ............................................................................................................................. 15 2. Developmental constraints in a wild primate ..................................................................... 18 2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 18 2.2 Materials and Methods ................................................................................................... 24 2.2.1 Study subjects, fertility data, and social status data ............................................. 24 vi 2.2.2 Rainfall data and the 2009 drought ......................................................................... 25 2.2.3 Defining low-quality environments in early life and adulthood ........................ 25 2.2.4 Defining high-quality environments in early life and adulthood. ..................... 27 2.2.5 Within-female analyses: interaction between early life and adult conditions on female fertility ..................................................................................................................... 27 2.2.6 Between-condition analyses: testing for early life effects on adult fertility in a given adult environment ................................................................................................... 30 2.2.7 Sensitivity to low and high rainfall in early life and adulthood ......................... 31 2.2.8 Effects of maternal dominance rank on female fertility ....................................... 32 2.3 Results ............................................................................................................................... 34 2.3.1 Fertility declines during the 2009 drought were greater for females born in low-quality environments than for females born in high-quality environments ...... 34 2.3.2 Sensitivity of female fertility to both extreme low and extreme high rainfall .. 38 2.3.3 Protective effects of high social status in early life ............................................... 41 2.4 Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 42 2.4.1 Support for the developmental constraints model in wild baboons .................. 42 2.4.2 Factors that influence the relationship between early life ecology and adult fertility .................................................................................................................................. 45 2.4.3 Conclusions ................................................................................................................. 47 3. Resource base influences genome-wide DNA methylation levels in wild baboons ..... 49 3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 49 3.2 Materials and methods ................................................................................................... 54 3.2.1 Study subjects and sample collection ...................................................................... 54 vii 3.2.2 Generation and processing of genome-wide DNA methylation data ............... 56 3.2.3 Testing for differences in DNA methylation levels at individual CpG sites .... 58 3.2.4 Enrichment of differentially methylated sites by genomic annotation .............. 59 3.2.5 Testing for differences in DNA methylation levels at metabolic pathways ..... 62 3.2.6 Identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) ................................ 63 3.2.7 Testing the effects of PFKP promoter methylation on gene expression levels . 63 3.2.8 Investigating the stability or plasticity of DNA methylation levels for individuals that switched between resource bases ........................................................ 65 3.3 Results ............................................................................................................................... 67 3.3.1 Genome-wide DNA methylation levels contain a signature of resource base . 67 3.3.2 Sites associated with resource base are enriched in functionally important regions of the genome ........................................................................................................ 69 3.3.3 Resource base-associated CpG sites are enriched in specific biological pathways .............................................................................................................................. 70 3.3.4 DMRs occur more often than expected
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Jeanne Altmann 2010 Book.Pdf
    Princeton University Honors Faculty Members Receiving Emeritus Status May 2010 The biographical sketches were written by colleagues in the departments of those honored. Copyright © 2010 by The Trustees of Princeton University 10747-10 Contents Faculty Members Receiving Emeritus Status Jeanne Altmann 1 David Perkins Billington 5 Patricia Fortini Brown 9 William A. P. Childs 11 Perry Raymond Cook 13 Slobodan Ćurčić 15 Arcadio Díaz-Quiñones 17 Gerard Charles Dismukes 20 Avinash Kamalakar Dixit 22 Emmet William Gowin 25 Ze’eva Cohen (Ludwig) 27 Janet Marion Martin 29 Anne Marie Treisman 31 Daniel Chee Tsui 35 James Wei 37 Froma I. Zeitlin 39 Jeanne Altmann Behavioral ecologist Jeanne Altmann, the Eugene Higgins Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, was born in New York City in 1940 and raised in the Maryland suburbs of Washington D.C. She received her bachelor’s degree in mathematics from the University of Alberta in Canada, where she and her zoologist husband Stuart started a family. Joining Stuart for a year of fieldwork in southern Kenya in 1963 provided Jeanne with an introduction to nonhuman primates and their savannah environment, which would later become a focus of her methodological and empirical research. Following a move from Canada to Atlanta in 1965, Jeanne developed and taught a remedial mathematics program for the local school system and received a master of arts in teaching degree in mathematics from Emory University. With the family’s relocation to Chicago, Jeanne turned her professional endeavors toward integrating her quantitative background with behavioral biology by addressing methodological issues in non-experimental research design for observational research.
    [Show full text]
  • Opens New Window
    REBECCA J. LEWIS Department of Anthropology Office: (512) 232-5386 2201 Speedway, Stop C3200 FAX: (512) 471-6535 University of Texas at Austin email: [email protected] Austin, TX 78712-1723 EDUCATION 2004 Ph.D. Biological Anthropology & Anatomy, Duke University 1994 B.A. (cum laude) Duke University Degrees: Biological Anthropology & Anatomy; Philosophy. Certificates: Art; Primatology. PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS 2012-present Associate Professor: Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin 2011-present Adjunct Graduate Faculty Texas State University 2006-present Founder and Director, Ankoatsifaka Research Station, Madagascar 2005-2012 Assistant Professor: Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin 2007-2010 Assistant Professor: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine & Research, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center 2004-2005 Lecturer and Research Fellow: Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin REFEREED JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS 1 Lewis RJ (2018) Female Power in Primates and the Phenomenon of “Female Dominance”. Annual Review of Anthropology. 2 Perofsky A, Lewis RJ, Abondano L, Di Fiore A, Meyers LA (2017). Hierarchical social networks shape gut microbial composition in wild Verreaux’s sifaka Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 3 Rakotomalala E, Rakotondraparany F, Perofsky A, Lewis RJ. (2017). Characterization of the tree holes used by Lepilemur ruficaudatus in the dry, deciduous forest of Kirindy Mitea National Park. Folia Primatologica 88(1): 28-41. 4 Leimberger K, Lewis RJ (2017) Male strategies for changing group membership in Verreaux’s sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi). American Journal of Primatology 79:e22455 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22455 Lewis - 1 of 20 5 Veilleux CC, Scarry CJ, Di Fiore A, Kirk EC, Bolnick DA, Lewis RJ (2016) Group benefit associated with polymorphic trichromacy in a Malagasy primate (Propithecus verreauxi).
    [Show full text]
  • 40 Years of Continuity and Change
    Chapter 12 The Amboseli Baboon Research Project: 40 Years of Continuity and Change Susan C. Alberts and Jeanne Altmann Abstract In 1963, Jeanne and Stuart Altmann traveled through Kenya and Tanzania searching for a baboon study site. They settled on the Maasai-Amboseli Game Reserve (later Amboseli National Park) and conducted a 13-month study that laid the groundwork for much future research. They returned for a short visit in 1969, and came again in July 1971 to establish a research project that has persisted for four decades. In July 1984 Susan Alberts joined the field team, later becoming a graduate student and eventually a director. Over the years, we have tackled research questions ranging from feeding ecology to behavioral endocrinology, from kin recognition to sexual selection, and from aging research to functional genetics. A number of our results have explicitly depended upon the longitudinal nature of the research. Without decades worth of individual-based data we would not have known, for instance, that the presence of fathers influenced the matura- tion rates of their offspring, that maternal dominance rank had pervasive effects on the physiology of sons, or that the social behavior of a female influenced her infants’ survival. Here we summarize the major research themes that have characterized each of the past four decades, and our directions for the future, emphasizing the scientific insights that the longitudinal nature of the study has made possible. S.C. Alberts Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA e-mail: [email protected] J. Altmann (*) Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA e-mail: [email protected] P.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling and Methodological Advances in Causal Inference by Shuxi Zeng
    Modeling and Methodological Advances in Causal Inference by Shuxi Zeng Department of Statistical Science Duke University Date: Approved: Fan Li, Advisor Surya T. Tokdar Jason Xu Susan C. Alberts Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Statistical Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2021 ABSTRACT Modeling and Methodological Advances in Causal Inference by Shuxi Zeng Department of Statistical Science Duke University Date: Approved: Fan Li, Advisor Surya T. Tokdar Jason Xu Susan C. Alberts An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Statistical Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2021 Copyright © 2021 by Shuxi Zeng All rights reserved Abstract This thesis develops novel theory, methods, and models in three major areas in causal inference: (i) propensity score weighting methods for randomized experiments and observational studies; (ii) causal mediation analysis with sparse and irregular longi- tudinal data; and (iii) machine learning methods for causal inference. All theoretical and methodological developments are accompanied by extensive simulation studies and real world applications. Our contribution to propensity score weighting method is presented in Chapter 2 and 3. In Chapter 2, we investigate the use of propensity score weighting in the ran- domized trials for covariate adjustment. We introduce the class of balancing weights and establish its theoretical properties. We demonstrate that it is asymptotically equivalent to the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and derive the closed-form vari- ance estimator. We further recommend the overlap weighting estimator based on its semiparametric efficiency and good finite-sample performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Intergenerational Effects of Early Adversity on Survival in Wild Baboons
    1 Title: Intergenerational effects of early adversity on survival in wild baboons 2 Matthew N. Zipple1, Elizabeth A. Archie2,3, Jenny Tung1,3,4,5, Jeanne Altmann3,6, Susan C. 3 Alberts1,3,4 4 1 Department of Biology, Duke University 5 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame 6 3 Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya 7 4 Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University 8 5 Duke Population Research Institute, Duke University 9 6 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University 10 Corresponding Author: Susan Alberts, [email protected] 11 12 Abstract: Early life adversity can affect an individual’s health, survival, and fertility for many 13 years after the adverse experience. Whether early life adversity also imposes intergenerational 14 effects on the exposed individual’s offspring is not well understood. We fill this gap by 15 leveraging prospective, longitudinal data on a wild, long-lived primate. We find that juveniles 16 whose mothers experienced early life adversity exhibit high mortality before age 4, independent 17 of the juvenile’s own experience of early adversity. These juveniles often preceded their mothers 18 in death by 1 to 2 years, indicating that high adversity females decline in their ability to raise 19 offspring near the end of life. While we cannot exclude direct effects of a parent’s environment 20 on offspring quality (e.g., inherited epigenetic changes), our results are completely consistent 21 with a classic parental effect, in which the environment experienced by a parent affects its future 22 phenotype and therefore its offspring’s phenotype.
    [Show full text]
  • New NSF Policy Will Stifle Innovation
    A new proposal submission policy announced on 23 August 2018 by the U.S. National Science Foundation Biology Directorate now mandates that investigators can serve as principal investigator (PI) or co-PI on only one proposal per fiscal year to each of the core tracks of the Divisions of Environmental Biology, Integrative Organismal Systems, and Molecular and Cellular Biosciences. The Divisions’ new program solicitations (1,2,3) highlight changes previewed in October 2017 (4) including the elimination of submission deadlines and preproposals. However, the restriction on proposal number was not previously announced nor available for comment. The rationale for the restriction appeared in a FAQ posted online three weeks later (5): “Like every other program at NSF that has transitioned to a no-deadline proposal submission process, BIO has imposed a limitation on proposal submissions. The goal is to prevent the immediate resubmission of declined proposals...” However, other NSF programs without deadlines simply prohibit resubmission of a proposal within a year of the original submission date (6,7), limit PIs to two proposals under consideration for funding at one time (8), state that PIs can submit an unlimited number of proposals given that “each proposal must be significantly different from the others” (9), or explicitly state that the number of proposals a PI may submit is unlimited (8,10). BIO appears to have created a new, more restrictive policy for submission rather than following precedent. We are deeply concerned that limiting PIs to a single proposal per fiscal year damages biological research. Science is an increasingly collaborative endeavor; many important breakthroughs come from groups of researchers with complementary expertise.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidebook for the Long-Term Monitoring
    MONITORING GUIDE FOR THE AMBOSELI BABOON RESEARCH PROJECT Protocols for long-term monitoring and data collection By Susan Alberts Department of Biology, Duke University And Jeanne Altmann Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University Published by the authors, June 2011 (Previous editions April 1979, July 1981, January 1982, July 1983 and December 1983 by Jeanne Altmann, Stuart Altmann and Glenn Hausfater, February 2004 by Jeanne Altmann and Susan Alberts) Amboseli Baboon Research Project Monitoring Guide - 2 Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 4 1.Background ....................................................................................................................... 4 2. Data collection overview.................................................................................................. 4 3. Field notes ........................................................................................................................ 5 4. Date and time conventions .............................................................................................. 5 5. Monitoring study groups ................................................................................................. 6 5.1 Focal animal sampling during group monitoring ............................................................ 6 5.2 Other field work and office work ..................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Elizabeth A. Archie
    January 2018 Page 1 of 13 Elizabeth A. Archie Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN, 46556 Phone: (574) 631-0178; Email: [email protected] http://blogs.nd.edu/archielab/ http://amboselibaboons.nd.edu/ HIGHER EDUCATION Ph.D. Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (2005) B.A. Biology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME (1997) APPOINTMENTS 2015-present Associate Professor, University of Notre Dame, IN 2009-2015 Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professor, University of Notre Dame, IN 2008-2009 Assistant Professor, Fordham University, NY 2007-2008 Postdoctoral Associate, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 2005-2007 Postdoctoral Fellow, Smithsonian National Zoo, Washington, DC AWARDS AND FELLOWSHIPS 2017 Article recommended by Faculty of 1000 2015 Article recommended by Faculty of 1000 2010 National Science Foundation, CAREER award 2009 Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professorship 2006 Friends of the National Zoo Postdoctoral Fellowship Award 2005 Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship Award 2005 SPIRE Postdoctoral Fellowship Award (declined) 2004 Duke University Bass Advanced Instructorship 2003 Preparing Future Faculty Fellow, Duke University 2000 Duke University Biology Department Grant In Aid of Research 2000 Sally Hughes-Schrader Travel Grant 1997 Copeland-Gross Biology Prize, Bowdoin College GRANTS AND AWARDS Pending external funding 2018-2023 National Science Foundation, Symbiosis and Self Defense. Collaborative Research: Joint modeling of host and microbiome dynamics. Role: PI (Co-PIs: Jason McLachlan, Ran Blekhman, and Mevin Hooten; $1.4M) Awarded external funding 2017-2022 R01, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging. A life course perspective on the effects of cumulative adversity on health. Role: PI (Co-PIs: Susan Alberts, Fan Li; $2.4M) 2017-2019 R21, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging.
    [Show full text]
  • Rough Childhoods Have Ripple Effects for Wild Baboons 19 April 2016
    Rough childhoods have ripple effects for wild baboons 19 April 2016 The results are important because they show that early adversity can have long-term negative effects on survival even in the absence of factors commonly evoked to explain similar patterns in humans, such as differences in smoking, drinking or medical care, said Jenny Tung, an assistant professor of evolutionary anthropology and biology at Duke who co-authored the study. The findings, scheduled to appear online April 19 in Nature Communications, come from a long-term study of 196 wild female baboons monitored on a nearly daily basis between 1983 and 2013 near Amboseli National Park in southern Kenya. A four-month old infant baboon rides on its mother's Life isn't easy for a wild baboon. Like many animals back near Amboseli National Park in Kenya. Early on the African savanna, baboons endure drought, adversity, such as losing a mother before age four, overcrowding, disease and predation. reduces adult life expectancy in wild baboons by up to ten years, researchers find. Credit: Susan Alberts, Duke The researchers focused on six potential sources of University early adversity. Some baboons, for example, saw very little rainfall in their first year of life, or experienced stiff competition for resources because of sibling spacing or rising numbers within their Numerous studies have shown that childhood group. Others lost their mothers to death or illness, trauma can have far-reaching effects on adult or had moms with lower rank or little social support. health and survival; new research finds the same is true for wild baboons.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    CURRICULUM VITAE KAREN B. STRIER Department of Anthropology Office phone: 608-262-0302 University of Wisconsin-Madison Fax: 608-265-4216 1180 Observatory Drive Email: [email protected] 5403 Social Science Building https://www.anthropology.wisc.edu/staff/strier-karen/ Madison, WI 53706 USA https://strierlab.anthropology.wisc.edu/ Education PhD, Anthropology, Harvard University, June 1986 MA, Anthropology, Harvard University, November 1981 BA, Special Major in Sociology/Anthropology and Biology, Swarthmore College, May 1980 Positions Held 2011-present: Vilas Research Professor, University of Wisconsin-Madison 2009-present: Irven DeVore Professor of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 2006-2011: Hilldale Professor of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 1995-2006: Professor, Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 1995-present: Affiliate Professor, Zoology (as of 2017, Integrative Biology), UW-Madison 1994-1996: Chair, Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison 1992-1995: Associate Professor, Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Affiliate Associate Professor, Zoology, UW-Madison 1989-1992: Assistant Professor, Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Adjunct Professor, Anthropology, Beloit College 1987-1989: Assistant Professor, Anthropology, Beloit College 1986-1987: Lecturer in Anthropology, Harvard University 1985: Instructor in Anthropology and Sophomore Tutor in Biological Anthropology, Harvard University External Research, Teaching, and Collaborative Affiliations 2020-present
    [Show full text]
  • Elizabeth A. Archie
    August 2020 Page 1 of 21 Elizabeth A. Archie Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN, 46556 Phone: (574) 631-0178; Email: [email protected] http://sites.nd.edu/archielab/ http://amboselibaboons.nd.edu/ HIGHER EDUCATION Ph.D. Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC (2005) B.A. Biology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME (1997) APPOINTMENTS 2015-present Associate Professor, University of Notre Dame, IN 2019-2020 Assistant Chair, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame 2009-2015 Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professor, University of Notre Dame, IN 2008-2009 Assistant Professor, Fordham University, NY 2007-2008 Postdoctoral Associate, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 2005-2007 Postdoctoral Fellow, Smithsonian National Zoo, Washington, DC AWARDS AND FELLOWSHIPS 2010 National Science Foundation, CAREER award 2009 Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professorship 2006 Friends of the National Zoo Postdoctoral Fellowship Award 2005 Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship Award 2005 SPIRE Postdoctoral Fellowship Award (declined) 2004 Duke University Bass Advanced Instructorship 2003 Preparing Future Faculty Fellow, Duke University 2000 Duke University Biology Department Grant In Aid of Research 2000 Sally Hughes-Schrader Travel Grant 1997 Copeland-Gross Biology Prize, Bowdoin College GRANTS AND AWARDS Awarded external funding 2017-2022 R01, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging. A life course perspective on the effects of cumulative adversity on health. Role: PI (Co-PIs: Susan Alberts, Fan Li; $2,352,291) 2018-2021 National Science Foundation. Rules of Life: FELS: RAISE: Does everyone's microbiome follow the same rules? Role: PI (Co-PIs: Jack Gilbert, Sayan Mukherjee; $565,000) 2017-2020 R21, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging.
    [Show full text]
  • Title: Intergenerational Effects of Early Adversity on Survival in Wild Baboons
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/591248; this version posted March 30, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Title: Intergenerational effects of early adversity on survival in wild baboons 2 Matthew N. Zipple1, Elizabeth A. Archie2,3, Jenny Tung1,3,4,5, Jeanne Altmann3,6, Susan C. 3 Alberts1,3,4 4 1 Department of Biology, Duke University 5 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame 6 3 Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya 7 4 Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University 8 5 Duke Population Research Institute, Duke University 9 6 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University 10 Corresponding Author: Susan Alberts, [email protected] 11 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/591248; this version posted March 30, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 12 Abstract: In humans and nonhuman animals, early life adversity can affect an individual’s 13 health, survival, and fertility for many years after the adverse experience. However, 14 whether early life adversity also imposes intergenerational effects on the exposed 15 individual’s offspring is not well understood. Here, we fill this gap by leveraging 16 prospective, longitudinal data on a wild, long-lived primate.
    [Show full text]