OUTDOOR INDIANA Designed to Aid You Folks Who Want to Enjoy Our State to Its Fullest

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FALL AND WINTER TOURIST ISSUE

Vol. V1, No. 4 OCTOBER 1962 7 Director'. s ii Page

GREETINGS AGAIN to the many Hoosiers and out-of-state travelers who have enjoyed the historic and scenic beauty of Indiana in 1962. This issue marks the second issue of OUTDOOR INDIANA designed to aid you folks who want to enjoy our state to its fullest. It also marks a significant effort on the part of government and private individuals to work together in the development and promotion of our Hoosier State. It represents continued cooperation between the Department of Commerce and Public Relations and the Department of Conservation. The March issue was well-received and the response and corre- spondence which came in have compensated for the work that has gone into the special issue. Currently, we want you to visit and enjoy Indiana in the fall-perhaps you could say: "When it is at its prettiest." Again, let me say, "Welcome Aboard." In an effort to appraisewhere we are going in the future in regards to the development of Indiana and its resources for use by its citizens and the tourist trade, it might be well to point out how the private citizen and his government fit into the Natural Resource picture. I will confine my observations primarily to the recreation and tourist aspects. Number one, beauty, scenery, streams and all the related recreational activities could not be developed if nature did not first create the setting. Our role, either private or governmental, has to be in terms of the management of these resources for their highest and best use. I, personally, feel our relationship has to be that of full partnership. Just as land and beauty must be used so that they are not destroyed, so should the public receive benefits rather than to be exploited. In short, government, in my judg- ment, must develop water supplies, sanitary facilities, and basic other service facilities for large numbers of people without detracting from the beauty of the very spot the people seek to visit. Private enterprise has the responsibility for much of the food, shelter, clothing, transportation and equipment for our traveler. Without both government and private partnershipcooperation, severe limitations will be imposed on the maximum use of Indiana by its people. There is a bright future for tourist expansion in Indiana-mainly because of location and population. With proper planning and funding of the present Corps of Engineers' programs and Public Law 566 Small Watershed programs so that they are of multiple use in nature, Indiana can provide facilities which will induce our citizens to spend their vacations at home and attract more people from out-of-state. Are you willing to invest? You, the public, will be the one to decide. DONALD E. FoLTz, Director Indiana Department of Conservation OUTDOOR INDIANA MATTHEW E. Governor RICHARD 0. PRISTINE, Lieutenor Commissioner of Agriculture

INDIANA DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION Donald E. Foltz, Director, Clinton Commission: Kenneth M. Kunkel, Chairman, Indianapolis John A. Hillenbrand II, Batesville The Hon. Paul D. Ewan, Lafayette Wilbur Yates, Vincennes DIVISIONS AND DIRECTORS Enforcement-Harold D. Raisor Oil and Gas-Homer R. Brown Engineering-Henry C. Prange State Parks-Kenneth R. Cougill Entomology-John J. Favinger Water Resources-Charles H. Bechert Fish and Game-Woodrow W. Fleming Accountin-Harold B. Smith Forestry-Robert D. Raisch Public Relations- Geological Survey-John B. Patton Purchasing-Anthony E. Sheppard

CONTENTS EN JOY IN D IA NA ...... 2

INDIANA'S WONDERFUL FALL FOLIAGE...... 3

GATEWAYS TO HOOSIER HOSPITALITY ...... 4

HAVE A HOOSIER HOLIDAY...... 16

WINTER ACTIVITIES IN THE STATE PARKS...... 22

SANTA CLAUS LAND...... 24

FALL AND WINTER HUNTING AND FISHING...... 26

HOOSIER, WHAT'S IT MEAN? ...... 28

COVER-By Jozef Hollanders, Staff Photographer. This photo was taken in Yellow- wood State Forest, located in the heart of some of the most beautiful forest areas within the Midwest.

Vol. VI, No. 4 OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962

Published monthly by the Indiana Department of Conservation, 6th Floor, State Office Building, Indian- apolis 9. Second-class mail privileges authorized at Indianapolis, Indiana. Out-of-state subscription rate $1.50. Change of address should be reported promptly. Permission to reprint any material in this publica- tion may be granted to responsible parties upon written application to the editor.

is ENJOY INDIANA

Indiana, at the crossroads of America, is a contrast between tradition, history and the new age of science and technology. The historical past blends with the modern.

You are invited to explore the charm and hospitality of Hoosier recreational opportunities.

Enjoy Indiana week-end vacations this fall and winter. You will receive a welcome greeting and have an enjoyable experience wherever you travel in Indiana.

The Indiana Tourist Assistance Council stands ready to supply the information for your use in planning a Hoosier Holiday.

GOVERNOR

LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR INDIAN, U1 Jf0ftage

From the deep red oaks of the es serve as factories where north to the myriad of yellows, reds is necessary to the trees' and browns to the Ohio River banks Ore manufactured. This takes in the south, there is no equal to an the cells of the leaf and is autumn in Indiana. >n by the chlorophyll bodies You can enjoy this fantastic col- ive the leaf its green color. ored-leaf show most anywhere in iyll makes food for the tree Indiana in October. lining carbon from the air The annual coloring of the leaves trogen, oxygen and minerals is a process of nature. It requires suppi in the water which the roots no vivid imagination to picture gathe In the fall, when the cool Mother Nature going about onau- weatl tumn days with a liberal supply of the v the leave; hin- paint with which she colors the _fh p leaves of the trees and other plants ery o tled producing the familiar riot of reds and yellows. Every autumn we revel in the beauty of the trees knowing that it is a fleeting pleasure and soon hand is sent to the body of the tree the leaves will flutter down from to be stored for use in the spring. their summer homes to become a All that remains in the cell cavities earth's rich carpet. of the leaves is a watery substance in part of the which a few oil globules and crystals Many people assume that Jack and a number of yellow, strongly re- Frost is responsible for the color fractive bodies can be seen. These change, but he is not; some leaves give the trees the familiar yellow au- begin to turn before we have any tumnal foliage. frost. The Indians believed a fan- Often there is more sugar in the tasy that celestial hunters had slain leaf than can be transferred to the the great bear and his blood, drip- tree. When this is the case, the chem- ping on the forest, changed many ical combination with other sub- trees to red, while others turned yel- stances produces many color shades low from the fat which splattered varying from the brilliant red of the from the kettles as the hunters dogwood to the more austere red- cooked the meat. browns of the oaks. In cone-bearing In reality, the change in coloring trees which do not lose their foliage is the result of chemical processes in the fall, the green coloring takes which take place in the tree during on a slightly brownish tinge which its preparation for winter. gives way to the lighter color in the During the spring and summer, spring. October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 3 atcwags TO HOOSIER HOSP

INDIANA is on the way to almost every- where in the U. S. A. Always a leader in Cities adjacent to the borders of our roads, Indiana will be even more so when neighboring states and astride the major the Interstate Highway System is com- highways are truly "Gateways to Hoo- plete, as almost all of the state will be sier Hospitality." In this article, we will within 50 miles of an interstate highway. visit a few of these cities.

Page 4 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 ANGOLA A gateway from the north, and a delightful vacationtime objective from any direction, Angola is the county seat of Steuben County and rapidly coming to the fore as one of the prime resort areas of the Middle West. There are more than 100 spring-fed lakes in the immediate area. Fishing for bass, bluegill, crappie, trout and other fresh water favorites usually rewards the angler who has the mini- mal combination of skill, patience and luck. When they're biting, you'll take home a good catch. For the non-fisher- man, facilities are varied and plentiful for swimming, camping, golfing, boating, picnicking, dancing and both summer and winter sports. (Angola boasts the state's longest toboggan slide, and the various lakes are favorites for ice fishing.) Located on U. S. 27 north-south, An- gola has the added advantage of being the nearest town to Pokagon State Park which consists of 1,200 acres of beautiful wooded land on the edge of Lake James. The park has a public bathing beach, picnic area, camping sites, trailer area, miles of hiking trails, riding stables, wild animal pens, tennis courts, winter facilities for skiing, toboganning and ice skating. Potawatomi Inn, noted for its good food and service, is one of the best of Indiana's fine state park lodges and is open the year 'round. The wide variety of things to do in and around Angola attracts visitors who like the quiet, unhurried and relatively inexpensive features of this unique envi- ronment. Cultural, educational and religious facilities are present as well as recreational attractions. Angola alone has a dozen churches and is the home of Tri- State College, a private non-profit co- educational institution founded in 1884.

Aerial view of the Interstate 64 bridge at New Albany.

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 5 CANNNELTON Located in extreme south-central In- diana is Perry County, named in honor of Commodore Oliver H. Perry. The county seat is Cannelton, a delightful city of 2,100 population, in the heart of the Lincoln Hills on the Ohio River. State Roads 66 and 237 are the main highways to and through Cannelton. Lafayette Springs is a place near Can- nelton where General Lafayette stayed overnight after the steamboat upon which he was travelling hit Rock Island and sank in May 1825. The spring is main- Angola boasts the state's longest toboggan slide. tained as a memorial park by Lafayette Springs Chapter, Daughters of the Amer- Angola and the Steuben County area are ican Revolution. considered ideal for retired persons who Cannelton is a city of unique architec- want to live a relaxed and .economical ture, having nineteen public buildings life away from city stress where there is and homes built in the mid-1800's of plenty to do in their leisure time. native sandstone. One of these is the St. A unique gateway to Hoosier hospi- Luke's Episcopal Church constructed in tality, Angola seems to say to the visitor, 1845 which is in excellent upkeep to this "Come and stay a while; you'll enjoy yourself here." Aerial view of Cannelton. Lafayette Springs where General Lafa- yette stayed overnight when the steamboat on which he was traveling sank in May 1825.

day. The church sits high upon a mound building is the St. Michael's Catholic held in place by a wall of sandstone Church, one of the nineteen native sand- blocks. stone buildings. Dedicated in 1859, it has A picturesque landmark is the huge been in continuous use as a religious cen- castle-like Cotton Mill Building. Built in ter for over a century and is noted for its 1847-1849, this structure has 3-foot- beautiful interior decorations. thick walls and has been used as a man- Visitors will find a warm, friendly pop- ufacturing plant for 114 years. Stones for ulace in Cannelton bent upon making this interesting building were taken from their stay pleasant, entertaining and in- the Cannelton hills. Another unique formative. DECATUR Situated at the junction of U. S. High- way 27 south of Decatur. The original ways 27, 33 and 224 in Adams County two-story 14-room cabin is preserved as is the city of Decatur, an eastern gate- a state memorial and is open to visitors. way to Hoosier Hospitality. Decatur, Twelve miles north of Decatur, at named for the American Naval hero, was Berne, is the largest Mennonite Church first settled in 1820, became the county seat of Adams County in 1836, incorpo- rated as a town in 1853 and became a city in 1882. The St. Mary's River flows by the eastern part of the city. Among the many prominent citizens of Decatur, probably the most widely known and best loved, was Gene Stratton Porter, author of many books and stories which lend their setting in the "Limberlost Country" in southern Adams County. A monument dedicated to this author is located on the Courthouse lawn in De- catur. The Gene Stratton Porter home, "Limberlost," is in Geneva on U. S. High- Peace Monument in Decatur. October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 7 in the world. Near Berne, at Geneva, monument, dedicated in 1913, is a metal there are several communities of the plaque cast from the battleship Maine. Amish people with their quaint customs. The Central Soya Company has one A covered bridge which spans the St. of the world's largest soya bean opera- Mary's River at Pleasant Mills is located tions in Decatur. The plant management six miles southeast of Decatur just off welcomes visitors as does the manage- State Road 33. ment of the General Electric Company The first war monument in the United small motors plant in Decatur. States dedicated to "Peace" stands on The city has eleven parks with a total the Decatur Courthouse lawn. On the of 160 acres. ELKHART Elkhart is truly a "Gateway to Hoo- There are many lakes in the surround- sier Hospitality" and provides many at- ing area for your leisure hours, as well as tractions for tourists. It is located just an Amish and Mennonite community three miles south of the Northern Indi- which provides for an interesting drive. ana Toll Road on U. S. Highways 20 You will note their style of dress is dis- and 33 and State Road 19. tinctive and that horses and buggies are The city of Elkhart is built around still the mode of transportation. Island Park, the island that resembles an The City with a Heart is a very diver- elk's heart; hence the name, Elkhart. It sified industrial community consisting of is located in the middle of the beautiful 238 industries. Miles Laboratories, the St. Joseph and Elkhart Rivers. The park home of "Speedy" Alka Seltzer, has just is a haven for those who want to relax completed a $4 million research center- and forget their cares and for young a most beautiful aluminum and glass lovers as well. The St. Joseph River is building and a must on every tourist's used extensively for the water sports- agenda. motor and sail boating, swimming and The city is known as the Band Instru- water skiing. ment Capital of the world and all types Just south of Elkhart on Highway 19 of musical instruments are made here. is Hubbard Hill Museum where one can Elkhart is also the center of the mobile see many unusual articles and an out- home manufacturing industry. There are standing collection of early-day phono- many other diversified products such as graphs. electronic parts, automotive sash, indus-

The annual Indiana Mobile Home Show, increasing in popularity each year, is held at the North Side Gymnasium, the world's largest high school gym, in Elkhart.

Page 8 " OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 trial rubber goods, furniture and fire ex- tels, provide for the many guests who tinguishers. visit the City with a Heart, Elkhart, In- Sixteen motels, in addition to four ho- diana. EVANSVI LLE Located on the north shore of the Ohio terest each month. Within this handsome River in the southwestern corner of In- building, twelve busy departments con- diana, the city of Evansville is richly duct a full schedule of exhibits, work- endowed with facilities which provide shops, and lectures. many and varied recreational and enjoy- The Mesker Zoo in Evansville is able cultural opportunities. You will im- ranked the 13th largest in the United mediately feel at home in Evansville. States. Its more than 600 animals and The climate here lends itself to out- birds are housed in new buildings and door recreational activities on a year open barless cages in a rustic setting. 'round basis. The two 18-hole municipal Visiting hours are 8 A.M. to 6 P.M. golf courses remain open throughout the daily. year. Burdette Park encompasses some 83 Evansville's newest civic attraction- acres of woodland, noticeably endorsed The Museum of Arts and Sciences--is by nature and by man, featuring the truly a work of contemporary art. Its largest fresh water pool in Indiana (one beauty is enhanced by its setting in Sun- of the ten largest in the country) plus set Park overlooking the Ohio River. air-conditioned rustic cottages, a roller Upon entering the museum, the visitor rink, pavilion, outdoor cooking, three passes the attractive Elliott showcase, lakes, a baseball diamond and just about which features an object either relating everything else a pleasure-seeker desires. to special exhibits or having special in- Evansville is also proud of the enter-

Evansville's Burdette Park.

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 9 Evansville Museum of Arts and Sciences.

Full-size reproduction of a short section of Palisade which once surrounded Angel Site. This reproduction was erected by the Indiana Historical Society on the exact spot where the original structure had stood and is built in the same manner as that of the Aboriginals of this famous "metropolis." tainment it can offer the visitor in these the ever-present Hoosier hospitality. other facilities-Evansville College, Ohio Just a few miles east of Evansville is River boating and scenic trips, Philhar- the Angel Mounds Site-a group of great monic Orchestra, Memorial Coliseum, mounds and village site above the Ohio Mesker Amphitheater, five 18-hole golf River built by Indians who lived in this courses, Roberts Municipal Stadium and area in the years 1400 to 1600 A. D. The

Page 10 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 Big Mound, largest of the Indian mounds in Indiana, is 644 feet by 335 feet and 44 feet high. Many hundred house patterns have been found by the excavators at the Angel Mound Site. This historic memorial is open to visitors Monday through Saturday from 8 A.M. to 4 P.M. and on Sunday from 1:30 until 5 P.M. Northeastward, some 40 miles from the Angel Mounds Site, are the Lincoln State Park, Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial and Santa Claus Land. Mesker Park and Zoo at Evansville. MADISON Ask any Hoosier which towns he likes traffic during Indiana's first century. best in Indiana, and you are almost sure Residents of this thriving city are quick to hear "Madison, down on the Ohio to point out that Madison remains a River," mentioned. Now more than 150 major entry point for Indiana and a cen- years old, Madison was a gateway for ter for Midwestern industry for much river and, later, northbound rail and road the same reasons that brought about

View of the Ohio River and Kentucky Hills from the South Porch of the Lanier Home.

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 11 its early prominence. The Ohio River, Most notable to Hoosiers, probably, is which once carried pioneer log rafts and the grand old Lanier Mansion, a white- later heard the toot of Mississippi River pillared classic facing the Ohio River. It steamboat whistles, now makes Madison was once the home of James F. D. Lanier, a busy industrial center and barge port. river and rail capitalist, who provided Thus, Madison, which once looked fondly emergency funds to Governor Oliver to its pre-Civil War past, now looks to- Perry Morton for Indiana's part in the ward an industrial future already exem- Civil War. Now a state memorial, the plified by new factories and schools. It mansion contains priceless relics and has all of the signs of a city that's going furniture. It was designed by architect places. Francis Costigan. Another Costigan house, the Shrewsbury mansion, once the Madison hasn't forgotten her rich tra- home of a prosperous river captain, may dition, however, and for the modern tour- be visited. One may enjoy himself just ist there is much to see reminiscent of walking along in this quiet old neighbor- the old days. Characteristic of the town hood observing beautiful doorways, New is its Main Street with many old-fash- Orleans iron grillwork and the elegance ioned brick fronts contrasted here and of another day. there with streamlined new structures. Recreationwise, the same visitor can People with a flare for architecture like go completely modern in Madison. Its to visit the "Baltimore Flats" in the east- annual speedboat regatta, they claim, ern part of the city where genuine row compares with the 500 Mile Race at In- houses built by early settlers from Balti- dianapolis. Madison has something for more may be seen. Another type of everyone to see and enjoy, not the least houses which are long and narrow, is being the hospitality of its residents, who peculiar to Madison; they were hospital love their gateway city and are always barracks during the Civil War. glad to show you around.

Clifty Inn in Clifty Falls State Park, one mile west of Madison and overlooking the Ohio River.

The Shrewsbury House in Madison, designed and built by Francis Cos- tigan, who also built the Lanier Home, is now open to the public.

Page 12 * OUTDOOR INDIANA Michigan City's Lake Harbor provides docks and launching areas for hundreds of pleasure boats and a beautiful yacht club (center of photo). East of the harbor is Washington Park and Zoo next to a mile-long bathing beach. MICHIGAN CITY Michigan City offers every facility for "Live" dunes are bare hills of sand year-around activity. In the heart of the constantly growing and changing. A good Land of the Singing Sands, it is an ideal example can be found one-half mile west place for rest, relaxation and fun. This of the yacht harbor. From the top of this city, with its mile-long beach on the dune, Chicago can be seen on a clear southern shores of Lake Michigan, is day-35 miles across Lake Michigan. seven miles north of the Indiana Toll Michigan City's sand dunes are an Road and on U. S. Highways 12, 20, interesting and ever-changing phenome- and 421. non of nature. Created by the action of Indiana Dunes State Park is located the lake and the prevailing winds, the 11 miles west of Michigan City on U. S. superb sandy beaches along the Michi- 12, then north via Route 49 to a large gan City lakefront are recognized as the parking area. Park naturalists conduct finest in America. guided tours. This is a wilderness area Washington Park, Zoo, Beach, Yacht with numerous species of game and an Basin and Picnic Area are located at the exceptionally large variety of bird life. north end of Franklin Street. No admis- This is one of nature's wonders in the sion charge, except parking fees on week- heart of one of the most thickly popu- ends. The mile-long City Park is beauti- lated sections. fully cultivated and equipped with all

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 13 Sailing off Michigan City's Lake Harbor.

facilities for bathing, picnicking or just plain relaxing. See the free zoo nestled in the dunes at Washington Park. Take off your shoes and socks and let your feet enjoy those wonderful "singing sands" along the beach. For those ambitious enough, the observation tower is open to the public. It may be reached by several marked trails. The 75-foot tower itself stands atop a high sand dune with stairs reach- ing the peak. See the Coast Guard Sta- tion at the west edge of the yacht basin. At the Yacht Basin, you fishermen can rent poles, secure minnows and prob- International Friendship Gardens ably catch a mess of Lake Michigan perch. Walk out on the mile-long pier You are cordially invited to spend a and breakwater, all the way to the light- day, a weekend or many days in hos- house. pitable Michigan City.

NEW ALBANY New Albany is Indiana's midpoint on Surrounded by the scenic knob country the Ohio River, almost equi-distant from of southern Indiana, New Albany blends Mt. Vernon and Aurora and a similar vigor with Hoosier hospitality. Often re- distance south of Indianapolis. It is 455 ferred to as the Plywood Capital of the feet above sea level and eleven square World, this community is noted for its miles in area. Founded in 1813 by three veneer products. Many fine old homes brothers from Albany, New York, the dating back to the river boat days and community was named for the capital of other beautiful and historic buildings are their home state. New Albany became a a part of the heritage of New Albany. 19th century shipbuilding center. The renowned river steamer, the "Robert E. See aerial view of New Albany Lee," was built in New Albany yards. on pages 4 and 5

Page 14 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 RICHMOND Richmond's claim to being a gateway to Hoosier Hospitality has been a valid one for more than a century owing in part to its position on U. S. Highway 40, the old National Road, started during the presidency of Andrew Jackson. One sees many reminders of this on Main Street-solidly built brick buildings close to the highway and beautiful homes in the classic style of years ago. Richmond was a stage coach stop and it is certain that many of the sturdy pioneers who came by the National Road decided this Rose Garden in Glen Miller Park would be a likely place to stay. Richmond is now a fine city of bustling industry and commerce, tree-lined streets, comfortable homes and scenic, well-kept parks. Glen Miller Park-194 acres located on the east side of Richmond, has a municipal nine-hole golf course, six lighted tennis courts, a bandstand for concerts, archery range, horseshoe courts, picnic areas with furnaces, playgrounds for the children and a tiny-tot land for the small children. A small Zoo has been started which includes deer, monkeys, peacocks, pheasants, fox, coon and many ducks who have the run of the small lake in the park. Earlham Hall, Earlham College, in Richmond. Located in the Glen Miller Park is the E. G. Hill Memorial Rose Gardens, one of the most beautiful small gardens in the country. Shelter houses are available for groups and winter sports are enjoyed in season. Many beautiful flower beds are kept in continuous bloom throughout the summer. A wading pool is provided for small children, with supervision available. Richmond is famous for its commercial rose gardens from which twenty million cut flowers are shipped each year. Gar- denia and orchid blossoms are also pro- duced in abundance in these gardens under glass. Julia Meek Gaar Wayne County Historical The historic town of Centerville is nine Museum. miles west of Richmond and fifteen miles south is Whitewater State Park. (Continued on page 30)

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 15 I- a v e a Hloosier Iolidca y

0,Indiana has an abundance of excellent roads and highways which lead to many scenic spots, recreational areas, historic sites and other places of opportunity to enjoy a Hoosier Holiday. The pic- tures on these pages are just a sample of the hundreds of scenic and interesting places to visit as well as worth-while things to do in our wonderful state. Rewarding sights and experiences are yours to enjoy in all areas of Indiana.

Page 16 " OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 New Harmony, in the Golden Rain Tree country of southwest Indiana, on U. S. Highway 460. Early experiments in community living failed to endure. Pictured here are an old Harmonist fort, a typical Harmonist house with no doors facing a street, and the commemorative Roof- less Church.

Cypress trees at Hovey Lake, near Mt. Vernon in Posey County. Spring Mill State Park's Pioneer Village and the return from a boat trip into Twin Caves. Also contained in Spring Mill State Park's 1,210 acres are 100 acres of virgin woods, a beautiful 30- acre artificial lake and picnic areas.

Enjoy a visit to the Linulin Hills in historic and scenic southern Indiana. Illus- trated here are portions of the Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial, a replica of the Lincoln Cabin Foundation and wax figures of young Abe and his mother. The adjacent Lincoln State Park contains 1,540 acres and provides wind- ing trails, as well as an 80-acre lake for boating, fishing and swimming. Many friendly gates are open to you for the asking.

The J. F. D. Lanier Mansion, a state memorial at Madison, is nationally known for its architectural beauty and furnishings.

This picture, taken in the Pioneer Mothers' National Memorial Forest near Paoli, shows a massive wal- nut tree the first branches of which are 80 feet above the ground. This tree will never be harvested for its lumber content, currently estimated to be in excess of $2,500 in value.

Sturdy homes reminiscent of yesteryear are to be found throughout Indiana within easy access of all Hoosiers. The house pictured is the "Captain Beam House," a private residence in Spencer.

You'll see 31 covered bridges on the Covered Bridge Festival Tours this year. Willow Slough State Fish and Game Area.

Excursion boat on Lake Freeman near Monti- cello.

Jasper-Pulaski State Game Preserve.

The European Antiques Museum in Michigan City has something of inter- est for everyone.

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Tippecanoe Battlefield Monument at Lafayette.

International Friendship Gardens in Michigan City contain 100 acres of typical gardens of all nations.

Thinking about next summer? This is one of the many facilities at Indiana Beach, Lake Shafer.

Excellent roads, accommo- dations along the way, and things to see and do make for an ideal family Hoosier Holiday. Take one soon! Wiitr A activities i tke STATE PARKS

ONE of the many differences between blanket of snow for the contests. It was man and living things in the plant king- reported that approximately 10,000 peo- dom is that plants suspend their activi- ple attended the event and nearly 2,000 ties during the winter in our zone, while automobiles were turned away because man's life processes continue on. Almost of the crowd. all mammals with constant body temper- In January 1963, officials of the radio atures (except the hibernating bears) station plan to conduct their second find it necessary to continue an active WOWO Winter Wonderland program at life in the winter as well as in the summer. Pokagon State Park. Mr. James A. Butt, With the exception of certain birds Park Superintendent; Mrs. DeEtta Ar- which migrate to southern climes with nold, Manager, Potawatomi Inn; local the coming of cold weather and the lucky Conservation officers; Angola Chamber people who likewise sojourn to the south, of Commerce members and others will most Hoosiers must spend their winters again cooperate to provide fun and relax- at home, work or school during fair or ation for the visitors to the 1963 Winter foul weather. However, there are a va- Wonderland. riety of activities which one can do in If the January 1963 Winter Wonder- the wintertime which will add enjoyment land program is anything like its prede- and provide healthful exercise despite cessor, the following events will be of- the cold and snow. fered: ice-skating contests for men, As a good example of a wintertime women and children; skating exhibition; center, Pokagon State Park, north of An- exhibition hockey game; a broom-ball gola in northeastern Indiana, offers a game; "big fish" contest; snowman- twin toboggan slide, ski runs, ice skating building contest; toboggan-slide contest; and bobsled rides in the wintertime. A skiing contest and a saucer contest for naturalist on duty during weekends leads small children. The public, of course, is indoor and outdoor activities. One out- invited to attend the Winter Wonderland door activity, such as the hike (through program. snow in many cases) to a shelter for Visitors to the Winter Wonderland will breakfast outdoors, appeals to young and have available the facilities of Potawat- old alike. omi Inn where delicious food and com- Pokagon State Park is the scene of the fortable facilities are offered to one-day first Winter Wonderland program spon- or overnight guests on the American sored by Radio Station WOWO of Fort Plan. Wayne. The 1962 Winter Wonderland In addition to Potawatomi Inn which program was held on Sunday afternoon, is open the year round, Canyon Inn, February 25, and, in keeping with the McCormick's Creek State Park; Clifty spirit of the occasion, Nature provided a Inn, Clifty Falls State Park; Spring Mill

Page 22 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 Inn, Spring Mill State Park and Turkey Run Inn, Turkey Run State Park, are open twelve months a year to serve guests. Naturalists are on duty during the Spring and Fall weekends at Poka- gon, Spring Mill and McCormick's Creek State Parks. At Turkey Run State Park, a full-time Naturalist is on duty the year round. A brisk walk along the trails and through the woods on a winter's day is a tonic which can whet the appetite, induce a sound sleep and wear down the children (a little, at least). Of course, one should wear suitable outdoor clothing and proper footgear for hiking in the field during wintertime. There are 77 miles of hiking trails in all of the Vacationing families will find that the Indiana State Parks combined. A winter hike on one of these trails can be an inspiring State Park Inns are ideal places to spend experience. a vacation in wintertime as well as in summertime. The atmosphere and sea- So many young people today do not sonal decorations in the State Park Inns have "country cousins" and a grand- during Thanksgiving and Christmas are mother living in an old-fashioned rural especially attractive and enjoyable. setting. Let this be your invitation to take your family to your favorite Indiana Potawatomi Inn, Pokagon State Park, is the State Park Inn and enjoy a wintertime focal point for the Winter Wonderland program and other winter sports in the park. vacation in an outdoor setting. A Santa Claus £and SANTA CLAUS, INDIANA

THANKS to the local children attending every day from July 4th through Christ- a party on a Christmas Eve in 1852, the mas Eve. During spring and fall, the town of Santa Claus received its name. hours are 9:00 A.M. to 5:00 P.M. and As the story goes, for three years this from 8:00 A.M. to 7:00 P.M. during the town had been without a name but it was summer months. The Christmas Dining not for lack of meetings to discuss the Room serves every day the Park is open matter. and is also available for special catering, On December 24, 1852, the small reli- conventions and parties by reservation. gious community was having its annual The Hall of Famous Americans on the Christmas party, but a meeting to dis- grounds is a must for all Hoosiers. Many cuss the proper name was on the agenda who have visited the famous wax museum first. Many names were discussed and in London, England acclaim the Santa none was agreeable to the majority of Claus Land Hall of Famous Americans those present. as being superior in detail. The historic It was then agreed to table the discus- and educational value of the museum sion until the next meeting and proceed makes the trip to the Park worth while. with the scheduled Christmas party. One will want to mail Postals from the When the village Santa Claus walked in, world-famous Santa Claus Post Office the children shouted with joy, "Santa founded in 1856. There is a Pioneerland Claus!" The adults all exchanged winks Village and a Wyandotte Indian Village and with that the town was named "San- in typical natural settings, all life-sized ta Claus." figures sculptured in concrete by the fa- The nationally famous 110-year-old mous artist, Lewis Sorensen, of Califor- town is located in Spencer County, home nia. The outdoor amphitheater in the of Abraham Lincoln, just 15 miles north Park seats 13,000. There is a beautiful of the Ohio River. Near the intersection wooded lakeside picnic area, ample out- of U. S. Highways 460 and 231, Santa door ovens and a series of rides which Claus, Indiana lies on the junction of Santa operates especially for tiny tots. Indiana 162 and 245. This little village Other musts to see at Santa Claus of Santa Claus, with a population of less Land include Toyland, a historic col- than fifty, is visited by five hundred lection of antique toys collected from thousand people during nine months out around the world; the large full-col- of every year. ored statue of Santa Claus; a fairyland SANTA CLAUS LAND is fast becoming railroad, large locomotive, tender and to Indiana what Disneyland is to Cali- coaches for adults as well as children; fornia. It has .many attractions. The Park more than 2,000 dolls in the House of is open from Easter Sunday through Dolls; Santa's Circus which covers 500 Christmas Eve afternoon, with Santa square feet; Santa's Deer Farm; one of Claus in person to visit with his guests Indiana's finest collections of Lincoln-

Page 24 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 a place for chi/drell ad youYIf-i-heart where the Cristmas Spirit lives all the year

iana; the Enchanted Trail with eight The wooded hills of southern Indiana Mother Goose settings and the rides in cannot be surpassed for color in the au- Pleasureland. tumn. Its beauty, at all times of the year, There is a small general admission is evidenced by its selection and accept- charge to the Park for 12-year-olds or ance as a National Park. Santa Claus over; children 11 and under accompanied invites all Hoosiers to join the more than by their parents are admitted free. Spe- cial rates are available to school groups one-half million tourists that trek to this and organizations. There is ample free child's delight spot annually-where it is parking space for all visitors. "Christmas Every Day." A

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 25 FALL and WINTER

Indiana hunters harvest about 100,000 pheasants each year.

HUNTING and fishing have been favor- hills, which nearly extirpated the ruffed ite sports among Hoosiers since pioneer grouse, is now reverting back to its best days. Indiana's fauna offers a great va- use of growing trees. This change in land riety, from the trout in waters of the use is increasing ruffed grouse numbers northeast and the prairie chicken of the sufficiently for consideration of an open northwestern grassland, to the wintering hunting season. grounds for ducks and geese in the The white-tailed deer population has bald cypress swamps of the lower Wa- responded to the releases of the early bash Valley. 1940's. Seasons are being lengthened for Changes brought about in the habitat buck hunting and, in overpopulated by man have influenced wildlife popula- areas, there will be a managed harvest tions. Today, the prairie chicken num- of both sexes. White-tails grow big in bers less than fifty in remnant grassland Indiana. Many bucks have topped the areas in the Kankakee region. Converse- 200-ponnd mark, with a few exceeding ly, the initial clearing and farming of 300 pounds. In fact, the 1961 Bow sub-marginal land in the south-central Hunter World Records show one white-

Page 26 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 tail in seventh place and three in the top vides nine public areas for hunting and 33 ranking. The four million acres of fishing with an aggregate of 40,000 acres. forest land located primarily in southern A quarter million acres of forest land are Indiana support the bulk of the deer herd. also open on Division of Forestry and The cottontail rabbit is the number U. S. Forest Service properties. Boats one game animal. Nearly nine out of may be launched and moored and cars every ten resident hunters enjoy this parked on seventy access areas on lakes sport. Average fall harvest approximates and streams. Thirteen private shooting two million cottontails. It has good state- preserves are presently licensed for op- wide distribution. eration. Gray and fox squirrels furnish early Fall and winter recreational opportu- fall hunting. The fox squirrel is found in nities are stressed in this issue. Spring all parts of Indiana, while grays are im- and summer months are usually asso- portant in the south-central hills. The ciated with fishing. However, October is raccoon is another species inhabiting the a good period to try out our lakes and woodlands and stream bottoms. Our state streams. Fresh water drum (white perch) provides some of the best night hunting and channel catfish provide excellent in the country. angling in our rivers. Bass, bluegill and Among game birds, the bobwhite quail crappie are still active. Recent reports is of prime importance. Non-residents of a seven pound smallmouth bass and from Ohio and Kentucky come across four pound six ounce crappie attest to the the line to hunt them. Diversified cover productivity of our waters. Ice fishing patterns in the southern section create offers an excellent opportunity to harvest good habitats with small cropland acre- bluegills and crappies along with other ages bordered by brush and woods. Our game fishes. Some creel censuses have forty-day season and ten per day bag revealed a greater catch of bluegills on limit result in an annual kill exceeding certain lakes than during all other periods the three-quarter million mark. of the year. Many public access areas The ring-necked pheasant reaches the are crowded with parked cars during the winter months. southern extension of its range in central Space does not permit a listing of Indiana. It is' most abundant in the fishing regulations and other northwestern prairie region and extends hunting and information. For further details, write to: through the northeastern lake area. Hun- garian partridges are found in scattered Division of Fish and Game, Room 605, Indianapolis 9, In- colonies in accordance with certain soil State Office Building, types in the northeast. diana. Indiana certainly has much to offer Ducks and geese stop during migration both resident and non-resident sports- on our lakes and marshes and along the men. We suggest that you try the pasture larger river courses. Mallards and black on this side of the fence. Some of your ducks are most important. Mourning best opportunities are at your own back doves, another migratory species, are door. A now protected by state law. Investiga- tions have revealed extremely high pro- duction in Indiana, and plans are now Receiving permission to being made for a legislative measure to hunt or fish on private permit Hoosier nimrods and non-resi- property is not only a good dents to enjoy this sport along with the practice, but is an Indiana other thirty states having open seasons. Law. The Division of Fish and Game pro-

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 27 HOOSIER

What's it mean?

MA by HELEN JANE PROBST

So WE ARE HOOSIERS, those of us who In the early 1820's, it was an insult to live in Indiana. We are proud of our be called a "husher." At that time, it nickname, too, or at least most of us meant hayseed, jerk, and seedy rustic seem to be. But how many of us know clown. When used by the arrogant In- what Hoosier means or why we were diana strangers, it meant hillbilly and dubbed Hoosiers? hopelessly backwoodsy in all things. The Even today, after many years of re- southerners called the Indianians "hush- search, no one is sure how Indianians ers" because they felt they were green, became Hoosiers or what Hoosier means. gawky, and uncouth. And probably no one ever will. How- However, Jacob Piatt Dunn, who has ever, there are many theories about the done much research on the word, traced word. it to the people living in Kentucky and It seems that all of the various legends North Carolina-the Cumberland region. can be divided into two basic theories. These people, who were called Hoosiers, One is that Hoosier is a frontier corrup- moved to Indiana in the early 1820's and, tion of words developed to denote people Mr. Dunn believes, brought the word to from Indiana. The other is that Hoosier Indiana. is an old slang word denoting a particular Mr. Dunn traced the word to the kind of person. Cumberland, England word "hoozer" 1962 Page 28 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, (hu-zer) which means unusually large. No matter how Hoosier originated, it This word, according to Mr. Dunn, can wasn't long until it lost its bad connota- be traced back to the Anglo-Saxon word tion and spread to all parts of Indiana. "hoo" which means high or hill. From As early as 1826, James Curtis, a for- this, it is not difficult to see how the word mer Hoosier living in Oregon, Missouri, was attached to a hill dweller and came wrote to an uncle in Indianapolis, "... to suggest roughness and uncouthness. the indana hoesiers that came out last Someone else traced Hoosier to the fall is settled ... " In another letter dated French word "houssiers" which means February 11, 1831, G. S. Murdock of bushy and briery places. Thus, it is felt, Cincinnati wrote Gen. John Tipton at the French started the whole thing by Logansport offering to deliver supplies calling those pioneers from the Indiana on his steamboat called "the Indiana forests "houssiers" meaning men from Hoosier." bushy places or backwoodsmen. Even though the word was being used Another circulating legend is that in so many different ways and by so Hoosier is the frontier corruption of many different people, it needed one "who's here." When a stranger wanted final push before it was to gain complete to see a settler, he would call "hallo the acceptance by the citizens of Indiana. house" to announce his presence and John Finley, a printer, publisher, poet, from inside the settler would yell "who's and politician, was the man who gave it here." With the pioneers' dialect and that "push." On January 1, 1833, he slurring of the words, it sounded like published the poem, "The Hoosier Nest" "whosheres" and "hoosheres." It was as the carrier's address in the Indian- then that strangers began calling the In- apolis Journal. He spelled it "hoosher" diana pioneers Hoosiers. and enclosed it in quotation marks. One of our former governors once told About a week later, John Davis at a an out-of-state visitor that the word came Jackson dinner in Indianapolis gave a from hoosa, an Indian word for corn. toast to "the Hooshier State of Indiana." The governor said the boatmen who took Then on August 3, the same year, Gov- the corn down the river were dubbed ernor Ray and a partner started a news- hoosa-men or hoosas by the southerners. paper in Greencastle which they called Another legend began during the build- the Hoosier. In Chicago, a street was ing of the Louisville and Portland canal named Hoosier Avenue (in 1854 it was in 1826. A man named Samuel Hoosier changed to Blue Island Avenue). was the contractor and as a result his laborers, who were all from Indiana, were In December 1833, C. F. Hoffman, a called Hoosier's men and finally Hoo- traveler, wrote "I am now in the land of siers. Later, all Indianians were called the Hoosiers and find that long-haired Hoosiers. race much more civilized than some of Another man named Hoosier was a their Western neighbors are willing to Cincinnati baker. He developed a type represent them. The term 'Hooshier,' like of gingerbread which he called "hoosier that of Yankee or Buckeye, first applied bait." Because Indianians were his best contemptuously, has now become a sobri- customers, they were soon called Hoo- quet that brings nothing invidious with siers. Although there is no other evidence it to the ear of an Indianian." that either of these men existed, one of As we can see, the word became popu- the early writers described the ginger- lar in a very short time. And today, Hoo- like-bread which was called "hoosier sier is used interchangeably with In- bait." diana. A

October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 29 Gateways to Hoosier Hospitality Continued from page 15

Terre Haute, the western gateway to Indiana. TERRE HAUTE On the banks of the Wabash River is tages which motivated the decisions of a western gateway to Hoosier Hospital- the pioneers when they settled. ity on U. S. Highways 40, 41, and 150. The historic background of Terre There are five state parks within an Haute is rich in examples of those things hour's drive of Terre Haute via excellent which today make Terre Haute an inter- highways where lakes, camping facilities, esting place to visit. forest trails and rocky ravines offer all The Historical Museum of the Wa- types of recreational facilities. bash Valley, owned and operated by the When William Henry Harrison with Vigo County Historical Society, is locat- an army of some nine hundred men ed at 6th and Washington Streets in moved out of the old fort at Vincennes Terre Haute. There are 30,000 items of on September 26, 1811 and pushed historical significance in this museum through the wilderness to establish Fort which is open Wednesdays and Fridays Harrison at the north edge of the present city of Terre Haute, he stopped there St. Mary of the Woods College, the oldest because the location was the spearhead women's college in Indiana. of the western expansion. From the site of Terre Haute, the territory to the north, east and west could be controlled and developed, with the way open to the south for the coming of the eager settlers bringing in their supplies. The growth of Terre Haute, from its beginning as a military fort in the great westward expansion of the nation to its present position as an important economic, cultural and educational center over the intervening century and a half, has resulted largely from the utilization and development of the natural advan-

Page 30 * OUTDOOR INDIANA Indiana State College Arena. Rose Polytechnic Institute.

The site of Fort Harrison, now occupied by The Wabash Valley Historical Museum. the Elks' Fort Harrison Country Club. from 2:00 to 4:00 and Sundays from Another important cultural center is the 2:00 to 5:00. Sheldon Swope Art Gallery which occu- Terre Haute is the home of three out- pies a three-story building in downtown sanding colleges--Indiana State College, Terre Haute. with its beautiful downtown campus and Among other facilities included in the modern buildings; St. Mary's-of-the- Terre Haute park system are two fine Woods College, located four miles west municipal golf of the city, is Indiana's oldest women's courses, Memorial Sta- college as its charter was granted for the dium, with a seating capacity of 15,000, higher education of women in 1846; Rose and Deming Park, which is a large and Polytechnic Institute, four miles east of heavily wooded acreage at the eastern Terre Haute, is one of the outstanding city limits, has many picnic areas, a play- engineering colleges in the United States. ground and recreation center. VINCENNES Although Vincennes might give the Territorial governor, hero of Tippecanoe casual visitor a first impression that it's and President of the United States) still about like any other pleasant, bustling stands on the banks of the Wabash Hoosier town, he soon finds such a wealth River. Local tradition has it that a tun- of significant history and tradition here nel once led from the basement to the as few localities possess. Indiana's oldest river for possible escape from warlike town, Vincennes, was a frontier trading Indians. The historic mansion, built after post before the Revolutionary War. It the style of Virginia's colonial homes, is has lived under French, British, Virgin- now under stewardship of the Daughters ian and American flags. Vincennes was, of the American Revolution and guides in fact, the first capital of the Northwest are present to show visitors through. Territory. "Grouseland," the beautiful Where the Indians are concerned, one home of William Henry Harrison (first may see a secret enclosed stairway, port- October, 1962 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 31 holes for firing at the enemy, a powder magazine in the cellar and a splintered hole in one downstairs window made- they say-by an Indian's bullet. Nearby is the restored First Capitol of Indiana Territory, where early leaders planned the future not only of Indiana but the territorial states under the Ordinance of 1787--a document which not only included a bill of rights but outlawed slav- ery forever north of the Ohio River. Before 1700, the earliest explorers and French-Canadian voyageurs were here. An unusual fact about Vincennes is that buildings, weapons, archives and fascinating mementos of all these occupa- George Rogers Clark Memorial, commemo- rating Clark's achievements in the American tions remain. Vincennes is best-known Revolution. for its Old French tradition, perhaps best exemplified by beautiful old St. Xavier Church which has a library and museum that tell the Old French story. The bell of St. Xavier's, then in the log structure which was the Cathedral's predecessor, was rung on July 20, 1878 to pronounce freedom when Father Gibault, the famous priest who aided General George Rogers Clark, read to foregathered citizens the Oath of Allegiance to the Ameri- can Congress. Nearby is a national monument to General Clark and here one

"Grouseland," home of William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana Territory 1800-1819, President of the United States 1840. - K-

may study the splendid story of his cap- ture of Fort Sackville from the British. Truly a gateway to Hoosier Hospital- ity, Vincennes is on U. S. Highways 50 and 150, once a buffalo trace and then a corduroy road over which the Lincoln family travelled on their journey to Illi- nois. Excellent, moderate-cost accommo- dations are available throughout the year making this an ideal spot for the whole family to visit, preferably for several days or weeks during which one may live St. Francis Xavier Church and French Cemetery. over again our fascinating past. A

Page 32 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1962 KnOW YOUR InDIAnA

INDIANA, boyhood home of Abraham Lincoln, often is termed the most typically "American" of the 50 states. Rocky canyons, virgin forests, sand dunes, rolling countryside, attractive cities and towns are all to be seen within the more than 36,000 square miles of Hoosier territory. Her colorful history, from the days of Indian warfare to the present-day economic balance of agriculture and industrialism, seems typical of the nation. Even to those who haven't visited the Hoosier state, her story has been brought alive by the writings of notable sons Joaquin Miller, John Hay, William Vaughan Moody, James Whitcomb Riley, Gen. Lew Wallace, Edward Eggleston, Booth Tarkington and Annie Fellows Johnston. Before the dawn of history, Indiana was inhabited, as was much of the Middle West, by unidentified mound-building Indians who left traces of their civilization in the curious groups of earthworks presumably used for burial, ceremonial and fortification purposes. Peculiar to the northern part of the state are the sand dunes and beaches of Lake Michigan and the famous lake districts. The central section, made up of a level plain smooth as a table for many miles, is broken only by the river valleys and occasional low ridges. Southern Indiana, notable for the most striking scenery within the state, is a region of deep valleys, sharp ridges and rounded hills. The great limestone belt, from Bloomington south to the Ohio River, is characterized by numerous caves, sinkholes, disappearing streams and mineral springs. The picturesque valley of the Ohio River, very rugged in some places and generally hilly and narrow, widens out in the southwestern part of the state and becomes level. Recreational facilities are abundant throughout the state. Scenic drives beckon in every direction. You will marvel at the beauty of Indiana. You are invited and urged to explore Indiana this year-to discover for yourself the outstanding opportunities for leisure-time enjoyment in Hoosierland. The Indiana Tourist Assistance Council will furnish information concerning the state's many tour and travel attractions to assist you in planning your exploration trips. Mail should be addressed to: Indiana Tourist Assistance Council, 334 State House, Indianapolis 4, Indiana. Pamphlets containing descriptive and informational data about Indiana State Parks and Memorials may be obtained at all State Parks and from the Department of Conservation. Mail should be addressed to: Department of Conservation, Division of Public Relations, Room 612, State Office Building, Indianapolis 4, Indiana. The purpose and aim of the Indiana Tourist Assistance Council, an activity of the Department of Commerce under the direction of Lieutenant Governor Richard O. Ristine, 4is to promote enjoyment of Indiana's recreational facilities and tour and travel opportunities. The Council operates in cooperation with the Department of Conservation, High- way Department, Historical Bureau and the Governor's Committees on Tourism and Recreation. All those involved in this program want to assist you to Know Your Indiana. 4 r Z' NA Ny R? " M;

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