78

BILL PITTMAN I

MIDfTEST RECOVERY COMPASY

P O B0« *3I ' A«L.NOTON HT« IL 60006 • 3 1 2/655-*O77

Manufacturer & Dt«lgn*r of Air Filtration Product*

Representatives tor:

• Koch Filter Corporation Complete Air Filter bine

• S.D.I. Air to Air Heat Recovery Systems

• Mort* Boulgtr, Inc. Waste Heat Incinerators

• P«»rl»»» Metal Industrie* Complete Metal Fabrication TECHNOLOGICAL RESOURCES

ONTARIORESEBRch Index

Adhmvei and printing

Dieiel emmion control technology Industrial engineering aM>lic«tions (EVlll ...... 7 (P23I ...... 18 Industrial microbiology IP29I 19 In-plant waste reduction IRH} ... 21 Electrical testing ;P2?I . . . IS Electronic design lP6i . . . 16 Electronic devices IPS! . 15 Knitting technology (P3I ...... 15 Emission inventories (Ev&> 6 Learner .u iu> ... Product, equipment and machinery Long.range transport of atmospheric design and development iP14' . . 17 Pulp and paper processes !P17» . ... 17 pollutants 'CV3I ...... ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAMS WASTE HEAT RECOVERY Pulp and paper products (PI) ..... lb AND ANALYSES Studies include the use of low pressure Energy audits are done on the heating and heat encnangers (air to air typer to pre- Materials characterizetion by optical cooling iy*terns of buildings and industrial heat incoming airland the reclamation of and electron necroscopy and Quality control IM13I . . processes, using analytical and experimental waste heat from grey . _*nd such X-ray microanalytis tM2H ... methods. Cost benefit analyses are done on industrial sources as stacks, proceu Mathematical IUK» end vibration new and retrofit building energy systems, streams and ventilation. Radiation measurements (EVISi .... 8 analysis (Pr3l ...... application* and testing of heat pumps for E3 • Contact: Vijay Desnpende MKhanical. chemical and thermal Radioactive decontamination ...... 20 (Low temperature systems) Greg Orssaaa Utilization of forest and agricul- (Calorimetry measurements) tural wastes IR7) .'...... 20 Brian Sellers Packaging applications IP2II . . . . 18 Utilization ol industrial, mining and I Medium^T high temperature systems) Paniculate: characterization studies domestic wastes IRBl ...... 21 THERMAL INSULATION DESIGN AND ItVSi ...... 6 EVALUATION Partieulate identification and measure- Thermal performance of materials and THERMOELECTRIC GENERATION ment ItV191 ...... 8 Waste heat recovery (£3r :"...... 3 building systems is measured routinely. Capability exists for designing and testing Peat processing and utilisation IE 17) . 5 purification IEV2II ...... 9 Systems are designed to have specific ther- prototype thermoelectric generators mal transmission characteristics. Recom- Pesticide residues K.V13J ...... 7 Water surveys IE V20I ...... 8- based on the isothermal expansion of mendations are made for upgrading Photovoltaic* and ionic conductors Wet oxidation iEV24j ...... 9 alkali metal vapour. Facilities include a IM22I ...... 13 Wind power lEISl ...... 5 thermal insulation in buildings and indus- dry box capable of handling reactive . Plas

WIND POWER BATTERY AND FUEL CELL SOLAR SYSTEMS MONITORING COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY Capabilities include surveys of wind power TECHNOLOGY Combustion efficiency is measured Programs we designed to Quantify energy Systems, with wind velocity audits, deter- Ontario Research specialization is in advanced routinely, and performance characteristics flows m such situations at buildings and mination of wind machine characteristics battery materials including ceramic electrodes, deterrmntd for a variety of tuels and lOlar collectors. The monitoring hardware and the evaluation of electrical energy seals for lithium and nickel-cadmium burning devices. Thermal efficiency u is installed and maintained, and collected Storage systems. Cost benefit analyses are batteries, ionic conductor! for high-energy optimized by utilizing appropriate design data analysed by computer. made on small individual-location wind density batteries, testing for power output fact on. E10 • Contact: Michael Deen machines, and large-scale systems. and conversion efficiency, and studies in th; E7 • Contact: Lou Bruno E13 - Contacts: Vi)«y Deshpand* degradation of materials. NATIONAL SOLAR TEST FACILITY Lou Bruno E16 • Contacts: Dr. Nora Middle mm This facility it operated by Ontario Lou Bmno Research tor the National Research Bob Ellion Council. Services available include stan- COAL, LIGNITE AND OIL SANDS dard tests on solar collector! and the use PROCESSING PEAT PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION of the tOOkW solar simulator for a wide Capabilities ex** in coal crushing, cleaning Peat r$ an indigenous resource in many parts variety of purpose*. and t*ntTieianon: hydrometaliurgica! of Canada. Capabilities and experience Ell • Contact: Vern Nietsen techniques for sulphur and ash removal; exist to examine novel methods of process- and preparation of coat/otl etc.. slurries. ing peat to fully utilize its energy and A study has been done on die convention material value*. of lignite to charcoal, and another on the E17 • Contacts: Tom Gallo ultrasonic processing of oil sands tailings. John Shtppard E14 • Contact: Dr. Hens Branditaner Lou Bruno

FENESTRATION MEASUREMENTS Thermal performance of window systems is measured, including systems utilizing blinds, BURNER DEVELOPMENT drapes and vertical louvres. Measurements Subjects of study include premix burners, can be made of solar/optical properties, low excess air burnen, internally and ex- shading coefficients and U' values. ternally atomizing burners and low 8TU E16 • Contact: Richard Mortimer gat burnen. Burner design is optimized for emmiom, thermal efficiency, mini- mum excess air, and materials companbH ity (burner material ** fuel). E8 • Contact: Lou Brurto

HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS Studies are made comparing theoretical heal transfer with actual measured values. Building energy audits are done and recommendations made. Industrial process heating requirements and heat transfer mechanisms are determined. Instrumenta- SOLAR TECHNOLOGY ALTERNATE FUEL UTILIZATION tion includes IR sensors and heat and mass This activity includes tpecial studies on Internal combustion engines are modified flow sensors. solar collector design and performance, to burn such alternate fuels as ethanol, E9 • Contact: Lou Bruno optical measurements on glazings and methanol and propane, and current aware- coatings and the development of ness ts maintained on fuel options such as standards. hydrogen. Studies are done on alternate £12 • Contacts: Dr. Harry Pullan fuels for steam generation such as coal/oil, Dr. Mike Westcott coal/water and cojl/methanol. E15 • Contacts: Dr. Alex Lawion Vijay Dethpende One study has been co-icemed with the SOURCE SAMPLING DIESEL EMISSION CONTROL removal of pollutant! (such as acid Ontario Research has the ability to measure TECHNOLOGY constituents) from plumes of maior sources gaseous or paniculate emissions from any Developments include both fuel modifications by washout Remote sensing techniques type or sin of source in accordance with (fuel emulsions, alternate fuel utilization, arc available for plume tracking. the Ontario Source Testing Code or EPA etc.) and emission control hardware such as EV3 • Contacts: Dr. Syd Barton requirements. Continuous gaseous monitor- catalysts, fillers, exhaust gas recirculation and Doug Johnson ing and panicle size distribution capabilities scrubbers. A complete engine dynamometer are also avr-'ibie. together with dispersion and emission measurement capability is PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY modelling. available to assess resulting performance. Recent atmospheric deposition studies have EV7 - Contacts: Or. Fred Hopton EV11 - Contact: Dr. Alex Lawson involved the development of improved Jim Craignula sampling and analytical methods for the AIR POLLUTION CONTROL assessment of precipitation samples. In ODOUR EMISSION AND CONTROL Economic and technical assessments of addition to using standard methods, (pedal Ambient odour problems or specific odour best available control strategies, plus in- attention hat been given 10 the collection sources are evaluated by a specially trained dependent evaluation of new methodology odour panel. Analytical methods, such as and determination of labile ipecies such as or devices, are available from OHF's gas chromatography. are used to separate mercury and dissolved sulphur dioxide. scientists and engineers. and identify odourants. Pilot-seal* equip- EV4 • Cofltacn: Dr. Syd Barton E VI2 • Contacn: Dr. Fred Hopton DougJohnxm ment is used to determine effective means AMBIENT AIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT of odour control from specific sources. Facilities and expertise art available to design PARTICULAR CHARACTERIZATION EVt • Contacts: Dr. Fred Hopton PESTICIDE RESIDUES and conduct air quality *urv*yt, including STUDIES the acquisition, handling and interpretation Ontario Research staff are experienced m Analyses for pesticides and industrial of air quality and meteorological data. We contaminants are mad* on virtually any the conduct of comprehensive studies to ASBESTOS MEASUREMENT AND haw over 30 yaan experience in ambient air substrate, e.g.. biological tissue, soils, characterize ambient paniculate matter and CONTROL quality assessments and investigations of water. Analytical methods are developed document the relative importance of various Sample* of asbestos fibre are taken from site-specific problems, for pesticides and other contaminants. source categories. Micro-inventory, chemical air. water and bulk materials such as EV1 - Contacts: Or. Syd Barton Residue analyses are made for chemical •MS* balance and dispersion modeling insulation. Fibre measurements are made Dr. Harry McAdit firms in support of pesticide registration. techniques have been used in such studies. on samples using optical counting, TEM. EV13 • Contact: Dr. Lincoln Reynolds tVS- Contacts: Or. Syd Barton SEM, dispersion staining and polarized ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT light microscopy. ASSESSMENTS EV9- Coniaco: Dr. Eric Charted Tha capability exists (or assessing the EMISSION INVENTORIES Mrs. Jane Oillon present or potential environmental impact Ontario Research staff are experienced m the Or. Uan Joyce ot any industry or commercial activity. preparation of detailed emission inventories. Mrs. Jackie Terry Onta*to Research staff can provide specific Recent studies have been concerned with the preparation of Canada-wide inventories capabilities to complement those of other OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND €tc of fine paniculate and primary sulphate specialists such as planning biology- - SAFETY STUDIES emissions fron anthropogenic sources. EV2 • Contacts: Dr. Syd Barton Studies ve made of work environments to Or. Harry McAdie EV6 • Contacts: Ooug Johnson Dr. Syd Barton measure and evaluate exposure to chemical and physical stresses, and corrective LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT OF measures recommended. An industrial ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS physician is consultant to the ORF team. The transport and interaction of pollut- Capabilities m sampling, measurement, ants in the atmosphere and subsequent analysis, ergonomics (q.v.f. literature surveys deposition 10 land and water are studied. and safety footwear development and test- ing are available. EV10 - Contacts: Or. Fred Hopton Bruce Stewart Environment .-conL.

TRACE METAL ANALYSIS NOISE ANO VIBRATION ANALYSIS SOLID WASTE TREATMENT ANO Trace (parti per million) and ultratrace Analysis is don* on the impact of vibration Stud- and intensity lead to recommendations for capabilities include microbiological textiles, paper, gypsum and byproducts logiCJl Tiuut and fluids. water, air compliance with local noise abatement counts and trace organic and inorganic from metallurgical operaiioni. Ontario pert'Culates, plating solutions. I'ags, ores. codes and occupational health standards. analyses. An area of specialisation is Research also operates tne Canadian My ash, paints, foodstuffs, drugs and EV17 - Contact: Jim Turner pomt-of-uie purification. Waste Materials Exchange, through which textile*. £V2t • Contact: Duncan Smith wattes are channelled to potential EV14 * Contact: Or. John Chriitiion RADIATION MEASUREMENTS processors and uterv Capability exuti for measuring a, 0 and 7 MUNICIPAL ANO INDUSTRIAL WASTE EV2S • Contact: Dr. Bob Uughlm TRACE ORGANIC ANALYSIS radiation, and for identifying the isotopes - WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES With emphasis on biological tissue, emitting them. Typical would be the Studies art.wde of physical, cnemical virtually any substrate cart b* analysed measurement of radiation from stack and biological treatment processes for HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT for the full rang* of Canadian and U.S. samples or phosphogyptum, or Ra* "in waste )MK*rt, including laboratory and ANO DISPOSAL priority pollutants. Arta* of specialtsa- mine tailings. Equipment n also available pttoi lc*Je evaluations and complete anal- E*penue is available on the management of non art: mcrosarmnes. PCBs. PAHi. for meaturing radon gas. yse* of the wastes. Recommendations are hazardous wattes, and in the auessrr ?nt and monomtn. solvents. E VI8 - Contact: Or. Bill Stott made on the most practical and economical analysis of the properties of those vnates. EV1S • Contact: Dr. Cord Thorn* technology to use for a particular wane Studies may be undertaken to assess the PARTICULATE IDENTIFICATION ANO itream. suitability of treatment or disposal ti ch- MUTAGENIC TESTING MEASUREMENT EV22 * Contacts: Duncan Smith mques applied to specific wastes. Mutagens and potential carcinogens are Techniques available for paniculate MatthewMcKim EV26 • Contacts: Dr. Bob Lnighlin detected by means of the Se//none//a / identification include X-ray bulk analyst. Matthew McKim mammalian-mtcrosomil mutagemciiv optical and electron microscopy, and assay of Or. Bruca Arna and Associates. microprobe and image analyses. Paniculate MEMBRANE SEPARATION TECHNIQUES The method is both rap*d ana mcxpen- analyses are made on samples from such •ive. and it particularly useful for Pilot plant and laboratory facilities are ERGONOMICS AND INDUSTRIAL sources as exhaust stacks, driers, paint available for studies in reverse osmosis and DESIGN preliminary mutagenie screening of pure ovens, spray booths and paniculate control ultrafiltration. Applicability of these tech- The capabilities are available for evaluation compounds and environmental sample*. systems. CV1S- Contact: Art Norton niques to mduftr -' and municipal liquid of work environments using human factors EV19 - Contacts: Or. Eric Cnatfitld stream is determined, such as the recovery analysis. Work lystarn* and environments Eric Niskanen of metals from plating wastes and the are designed to improve worker accept- Mrs. Jackie Terrv concentration of (cods and food wastes. ance and productivity. EV23- Contact: Dr. Boo Laughlin EV27 • Contact. Sun Barclay WATER SURVEYS Surveys are made of water supplies, rivers, WETOXIDATtUN it rearm and lakes, and samples analysed Wet oxidation can be used to destroy organic for microbiological and chemical contam- wastes and recover inherent inorganic and ination. The equipment and expertise are energy resources to evaluate tfie applicability available to do rmcrobtat counts and of the process to streams containing I - 2Q\ analyses for trace quantities of organic and organics. and provide the basis for design of inorganic contaminants. commercial scale equipment. EV20 • Contact: Duncan Smith EV24 • Contacu: Or. Bob Laughlin HerbRotMy characterisation and development of b*o- BUILDING MATERIALS compatible glass-ceramics. Dynamic fatigue ADHESIVES AND PRINTING INKS SPECIFICATION DEVELOPMENT Product testing and R & D are done on is determined on flat glass up to 5* x 8' m Adhesives are selected or formulated for As a result of the broad expertise available cement and concrete, mortar, brick, glass, size. Ceramics activities include formula- specific applications, and tested to stan- at'Ontario Research, specifications can be aggregate, gypsum, roofing producn. wood tions and process development, properties dards such as CGS8, ASTM. PSTC and prepared on a variety of materials and and wood composites, structural steel, evaluation, and non-destructive testing. automotive specification! Printing inks products. Many staff members »r» active plastic products, protective coanngt, MS • Contacts: Dr. Nora Middtemiss an analysed for chemical composition and m such standard-writing bodies ai ASTM, adhesive*, caulks, insulating materials and Suktak Johar tested to standard! such as ASTM anr< CGSB and CSA, asbestos products. NPIRI. Both products are frequent subjects Ml 2 • Contact: Oea Hollingbery Ml • Contact: Or. Fred Amos of failure analysis. WOOD AND WOOD COMPOSITES MB - Contact: Metcolm Rod* Solid wood and wood composites are QUALITY CONTROL PLASTICS Analytical and testing capabilities are Mechanical, physical and chemical charac- raw materials for many products. End- use suitability of these materials depends FIBRES. YARnlaX fifflftlCl AND available at Ontario Research for a variety teristics of plastics are evaluated using of raw materials, intermediates and standard and non-standard test methods, on their availability and iheir mechanical, GtOTKXTItCS physical, chemical and anatomical using stan- finished products. »n addition, there n analysts, and performance tests. Probtem- broad experience in quality control sys- sohring and failure analysis are done utiliz- properties. These attributes are evaluated dard end non-ftinoVtf prb dures. Most to provide tachmcat assistance to users. common ttandards are CCSB. ASTM. BSI. tems and procedures, statistical sampling ing combinations of techniques, and R & D techniques, field auditing and manual programs carried out to develop new M* • Contacts: Adam Sugden and automotive specifications. Apparel. Dr- Geca Maiolcsy home furnishings, industrial fabrics and geo- preparation. producn and processes. Ml3 • Contact*: M2 • Contact: Jacob Leidne* textilcs are subjected to mechanical. physical and endurance test*. Textile waste Dee HoliingiMrv utilization studies are earned out. (Analysis and Testing) COMPOSITES Walter Klem Capabilities include the design and develop- M9 • Comacc Dr. Peter Cashmor* (Quality Control System) mem of composite structures, manufactur- LEATHER ing processes, and stress analysis of MECHANICAL. CHEMICAL AND All aspects of leather are evaluated. composite materials and structures. Mech- THERMAL PROPERTIES anical, thermal, aging, electrical, etc tests Typical are strength and finishing test!. Facilities are available for determining the are performed on composite materials grease and chromium contents, and waier- properties of such materials as plaitia, and product!. proofness. Leather ii also evaluated for use glass, ceramics, metals and alloys, textiles, M3 • Contactt: Jaoob Leidner in footwear. A study wat recently earned leather, paper, concrete, and composites. Jim Turner out on the amount of leather waste gener- Routine tests include tensile properties, ated in Ontario. fatigue resistance, fracture toughness, M10- Contact: Don Popplcwell tear strength, chemical identification and METALS thermal conductivity. Onta-io Research is involved in all aspects ORGANIC AND INORGANIC M14 • Contact: Dea HollinffMrv of process and physical metallurgy, from CHEMICALS mineral prooaesing to the finished product, Process studies are carried out in which This nctudes sheet steels, bar products, intermediate! and producn are analysed at pipe) neste*U, pax Jet metallurgy, non- various stages of production. Trouble ferrous metals and the recovery of metal shooting is done on industrial chemical value i from ores and wastes. processes, and analysts performed on both BIOMATE RIALS organic and inorganic industrial chemicals Malcolm Gibbon Expertise is available in both metallic using various appropriate technique!. Pmjml Metallurgy} and non-metallic biomatenals. The Mil - Contact: Dr. Walter Sowa >. Ham Brandsuner former includes porous metallic* for (Pyrarmtallurgy) orthopaedic implants and porous metallic Or. V.I. Lakshmanan coatings for soft tissues. The latter (HydrometaJlurgy) includes glass, ceramics, plastics and adhesives biomateriils. Plwucs include GLATS AND CERAMICS hydrophyhc polymer! and porous Activities m glass and glass-ceramics in- polymers for grafts. (See Bioengmeering. clude formulation develooment. properties P9.» evaluation, crystallographic spectrographic M7 • Contact: Jacob Leidner Materials _conL

GLASS-METAL SEALS TEST METHOD DEVELOPMENT PHOTOVOLT^ICS AND IONIC X-RAY ANALYSIS Among seals developed are those (or Tesl methods art developed for such CONDUCTORS Qualitative and quantitative X-ray nuclear applications utilizing high lead diverse materials and products as building Crystalline and amorphous material! for diffraction analyses art done on all crystal- glasses, high temperature and pressure materials, textiles, Itaihtr. wood, mttals infrared detection are prepared and line materials, such as quartz dust from glass ceramic seaH. Itthia-glats seats for and alloys, glass and ceramics, plastics. characterized as to chemical and electrical industrial operations. Qualitative ind semi- lithium batteries, and low thermal expan- asbestos, adhesive* and solar collactors. properties. Thin films are prepared by quantitative X-ray specirometnc analysis sion seal glasses for term-conductor Many staff mtmbcrt itrvt on standards spray pyrolysis and vacuum and electron ara used for all elements above atomic packages. eofiunittMS responsible for last mtthod beam deposition. Cat ionic and anwmic number 9. Typical is the analysis of metat development. Ml 6 • Contact: Dr. Nora Middlemist conductors are fabricated and formulations alloys. MIS • Contact: Dt» HoUingbery developed for maximum conductivity and M26- Contact: Eric Niskanen METAL AND ALLOY POWDERS density. FAILURE ANALYSIS Activities include materials and process Failure anaJysii is routinely carried out on evaluation, product development and the M22 - Contact*: Dr. Nora Middlemiss a variety of products: Building mattrials custom manufacture of metal powders for Dr. Harry Shirmzu (concrete, gypsum). Meiali (machine parts. powder metallurgy applications. Recent Dr. Mike Wntcott steel pipe). Ptasnc producn (automotive programs on metal powders include heart CORROSION PROPERTIES AND parts, outdoor display sujrw). Protective electrodes, prosthetic joints, and the CONTROL coalings (paints, clear finishes!. Adhesive* development of products and processes. Investigations are made into metal failures (construction and packaging adhesives). Ml 9 • Contacts: Bill Fosaen caused by corrosion, using X-ray analysis. Textiles (carpeting, upholstery). Footwear Malcolm Gibbon and SEM and mctallographic techniques. (shoe*, boots). METALLOGRAPHY Standard ASTM corrosion tests are per- M16 • Contact: Das HoUingbery Metals and alloys are examined micro- formed routinely, and corrosion files scopically for microstruciures, fractures measured using a programmed potennottat. FIRE AND FLAMMABIUTY and inclusions. Petrographic thin sections Corrosion studies are made on inoustrial Some thirty standard fire and flammability and polished sections are prepared lor processes and building lyttemi. tests are routinely performed on building microscopic examination. Met allographs M23 • Contact: Bob Elltott products, plastics and textiles. Facilities examination is a major tool in failure inch de a Steiner 25-foot tunnel, comer COATINGS AND SEALANTS analysis of materials, particularly mcials. well 'MI. radiant panel test, fire endurance Protective and decorative coatings and M20 - Contact: Tom Wood test NBS Smoke Density chamber, sealants are selected or developed tor inde t and toxic gas analysis. specific purposes, and tested to such stan- MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION BY Ml? • Contact!: Dr. Hugh Cempbeti dards as CGSB. ASTM and company (e.g.. OPTICAL AND ELECTRON MICROS- Eric Simmnm automotive) specifications. Evaluations of COPY AND X-RAY MICROANALYSIS producn include both performance assess- Typical applications of these methods are: ment and analysis. Causes of failure *re Identification and site distribution of par- determined and recommendations made. ticulates, examination of bulk materials, CEMENT AND CONCRETE M24 - Contact: Vie Croutch mineral identification (opucal-nucroscopy); R &£ programs and testing services art Identification and measurement of asbestos, provided for cement, concrete, mortar. RUBBER TECHNOLOGY failure analysis of metals and plastics aggregate and admixture*. In addition to Capabilities include quality control and (electron microscopy); Quantitative micro- the standard mechanical, chemical and per- product testing to such standard! 11 formance tests, equipment is available for analysis of the elements (X-ray ASTM. CSA, and automotive specifica- microanalysri). such specialized tests as pore size determin- tions. Chemical analysis is done for ation, resonant frequency. ultrason>c pulse M21 - Contacts: Dr. Eric Chatfidd plasticizeri, fillers and other additives. velocity and petrography analysts. Product and process development and JimBaird M27 • Contact: Doug Rent on Mrs. Jane Dillon failure analym are also earned out. M25 • Contact: Jacob Letdner Materials _conL Products & Processes

GYPSUM THIN AND THICK FILM SYSTEMS R & O and materials evaluation are don* Thin film work includes custom produc- on ill aspects of gypsum and gypeum tion, development and design of multi- produco, Midi u cement, board products layer optical coatings and electronic thin and joint compounds. This includes the films, including pnotoctch lithography. utiltution of by-product gypsum from the Deposition techniques are vacuum evapor- phosphate and lluorochemieal industrial. ation, electron beam deposition, chenwcal and from flua git desulphurilalion sludge. vapour deposition and spray pyrolysis. M2I • Contact!: Lydia Luckevwh Development, design and small-scale proto- Or. Richard A. Kunua type production are done on thick film electrical component!. P4 • Contacts: Sufelek Johar Or. Mike Weetcon Or. Harry Snimilu

ELECTRONIC DEVICES Ontario Research has the expertise for PULP AND PAPER PRODUCTS development and custom production of Assistance is given to industries converting passive electronic devices such as temper- ^ paper and board to finished product!. ature sensors, capacitors and biomedicaJ Specifications are worked out and problem electrodes. Circuits are elso designed for solving undertaken. Areas of specializa- electronic measuring devices. tion are packaging, sanitary papers and PS • Contact: Michael Dean cellulose fluff. PI • Contacts: Dr. Gate Matoloy Adam Suadan MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS CLOTHING. FOOTWEAR AND Microcomputer and microprocessor INDUSTRIAL TEXTILE PRODUCTS capability includes hardware, software and ' MOV ARMOUR TESTING Quality assessment! are made of all textile systems design. Needs are analysed end Measurements art mada lo nalwata ih* products. Capabilities include failure control or monitoring systems designed 10 performance of body armour against a range analysis, fibre and fabric analysis, wear fill the requirements of such applications testing, specification writing and the of ammunition typei. as production line, quality control and M29 • Contact: Alan Attiay evaluation of products for specific end energy systems. uses. Footwear and leather are tested PC - Contact: Michael Dean FOOTWEAR routinely, and lest methods developed for safety footwear. Comprehensive faciliiiai arc available for FIBRE OPTICS P2 • Contacts: me evaluation of all typei of footwear under Specific areas ol mteresl are fibre optics me general headings: Quality of materials: Dr. Peter Cashmore (Clothing and Textiles) characterization and fibre optics trans- Qualily of construction: Fitneu for purpose. ducer applications. These include An independent assessment of customer Don Popplawell (Footwear) coherence technique* for measuring fibre returns is offered. Research in areas specific frequency response, refractive index pro- to the footwear and related industries ts KNITTING TECHNOLOGY files, splice lignal to-norte performance, undertaken. evaluation of mode scremtlers. and inves- M30 • Contact: Don PopplawcU A laboratory-scale knitting machine is employed to evaluate :' * performance of tigation of multimode optical fibres as yarns in the manufacture of fabrics, to transducers. determine the optimum knitting condition* 91 • Contact: Dr. Mike Wastcon for particular fibres, and the effects of knitting conditions on the properties of finished fabrics. P3 - Contact: Dr. Peter Cashmore Products & Processes -cent.

PRODUCT. EQUIPMENT AND CHEMISTRY OF FOODSTUFFS ELECTRONIC DESIGN TRANSPORTATION AND EQUIPMENT MACHINERY DESIGN & Capabilities in ultrafiltration, gas Capabilities in electronic design include TESTING DEVELOPMENT chromatography and high performance equipment for monitoring alternative Specialties are rapid transit vehicles; buses Programs are carried through from concept liquid chromatooraphy permit the detailed energy programs, such as thot< for ioi*r and trucks: farm, construction, commercial to pre-production models. Examples are characterisation of foods and food energy or wind power; tptcilined indut- and industrial equipment; shelving and cam, spring, linkages, gear system design additives m relation to process studies, or trial and scientific instrumentaiion, and storage systems. Capabilities include design and wire rope applications. Capability in- at required by government regulatory btomedical electronics. optimisation for weight, energy conserva- cludes finite element stress analysis, modal authorities. Food contaminant* such as PI • Contact: Michael Dean tion, mechanical reliability and safety, analysts, and evaluation ano implementa- mtrosamtnes and pesticide residues are tion of computer-aided design and also assayed. BIOENGINEERING analytical and experimental stress analysis, and modal analysis. manufacturing. P16 • Contact: Mrs. Brigme Licht Expertise ts oHared m surgical tool design. PI 4 • Contact: Start Barclay special purpose test equipment and PI 2 • Contact; Jim Turner orthopaedic implants (including whole PULP AND PAPER PROCESSES jointst. An ultra-high molecular weight Wood yard, pulping and paper making polyethylene moulding technique permits operations are reviewed for their the moulding of shoulder joint cups. efficiency. Full scale plant trials are Control systems are designed for a witty planned and supervised, and when approp- ol medical applications. Also included are riate, lab scale pulping and paper making lumbar spine studtes. knee joint kinetics studies are earned out. and development of paramedic support PI 7 • Contacts: Adam Sugden devices, (See Biomaienals. M7 I Dr. Geu Malolcsy P9 • Contact: Jacob Leaner

ULTRASONIC AND FLUID SHEAR DEVICES CERAMICS PROCESSING Developments include methods for remov- Ceramics compositions are developed to ing burnt lubricating oil from the inner suit such requirements as strength, micro- surfaces of lubes, transducers lor special structure, electric properties and density. plastic and glue-line welding, a chemical Processes involved include milling, mixing, liquid mixture for ultrasonic sterilization calcination and firing, glazing and spray of instruments, and devices for the drying to produce flowable powders. emuls«fication of fuel mixtures. Simple, isostatrc and not pressing capabil- P10 • Contact: Tony Lait ities are available. Pit • Contact: Rob Roy

MICROWAVE DRYING Facilities are available for experimental METALLURGICAL PROCESS microwave drying of divert* materials. DEVELOPMENT Recent examples are insulating board and Processes are developed to extract metal FUEL EMULSIFICATION dyed thread. Equipment includes a 27 MATHEMATICAL STRESS AND values from low-grade domestic ores or Methods are developed for preparing such cubic toot S-kW oven with variable-speed VIBRATION ANALYSIS from wattes. Examples are the extraction emulsions 41 dieset oil/ transfer belt, a smaller 700W oven, and A broad capability exists in both static of unnium from ilmenite to produce methanol and gasoline/methanol. Emulsi- wave guides for sheet and fibrous material. and dynamic operational analysis of pigment-grade titanium dioxide and the fteation devices, such as Ontario Research's P11 - Contact: Tony Last structures using advanced testing and recovery of silver from photographic patented HydroShear. can be designed to analytical techniques. These methods wastes. emulsify most liquid/liquid fuel include finite element stress and vibration P19 • Contacts: combi nations. analysts, as well as experimental modal Dr. Ham Brandstattef P15 - Contact: Tony Last analysis. (Pyromctallurgyl PI 3 - Contact: Jim Turner Dr. V.I. Lakshmanan (Hydromeullurgyl TEI

rrocucts

RADIOACTIVE DECONTAMINATION POWDER METAL TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING The capability tun:s to product ferrous APPLICATIONS Studies ara carried out to develop and/or and non-ferrous powders and compact There is a broad range of experience in determine the effectiveness of chemical them into full density shape*. Tht perfor- product development, value engineering, agents for decontaminating both boiling and pressurized water reactors. Decon- mance of powden for t pea lie applications plant layout, facility planning, production. is evaluated. Facilities include cold inventory, quality control, methods analy- taminating agents are evaluated for their isostatic; hydraulic, mechanical and high- sis. work simplification, materials handling. effectiveness and for their corrosive effect energy rate forming presses. Compaction work How. standards and productivity toward the base metals. studies are done on metal wastes. auditing. Consulting services are available P2t • Contact: Tr*y Ussau P20 • Contact: Bill Fouen to help establish product mty improvement programs. P23 • Contact: Walter Klein

PACKAGING APPLICATIONS PROCESS CONTROL Capabilities include the structural design, Two major types of process control sys- testing and evahjaiion of distribution tems are designed, one to meet specific packaging such a* skids, wirebounoX process parameters such as temperature, crates and protective packaging of ail pressure, flow, yield, and duality, as in type*. Instrumentation inducts mechanic- integrated solar collectors and heat pumps. al tester*, Oj permeability apparatus and and the other to conserve energy, such as a slow motion video camera for analysis of feed-back control systems on boilers high speed production processes. P24 - Contact: Vijay Deshpende P21 • Contact: Walter Soroka

ENZYME ANALYSIS Analyses are done on enzymes in industrial products, such as detergents and prwm*- ctuticals. Long term studies include the replacement of energy-consuming processes with enzyme-catalyzed processes, the immobilization of enzymes on solid supports for retrieval, and enzyme purification techniques. P7S • Contact: Dr. John Christison

INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY CRYOGENICS Investigations are earned out on rmcrobia! Capability exists in cryogenic design and biodctenoration and its prevention m. for engineering, superconductivity, and super- example, beverages, (entiles, thermal conductor tunnelling devices for use in insulating materials and petroleum product!. TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC computer memories. The facilities are P29 • Contact: Duncan Smith EVALUATIONS available for measurement of the proper- Studies are earned out to determine the lies of materials at low temperatures. P26 • Contact: Dr. Mike Westcort BIOTECHNOLOGY technical and economic feasibility of Studies include methane production from proposed new industrial processes and agricultural and municipal wastes; butanol. products, and to improve the efficiency of ELECTRICAL TESTING ethanol and single cell protein production manufacturing, materials handling, mven- Capabilities are m motor efficiency testing from agricultural residue* and spent sulphite lory, quality control, distribution and (torque, speed, horsepower, etc.) and liquor; microbial leaching of ores and office procedures. electrical properties of materials, such as desulphunzation of coal; preparation and P22 • Contact: Walter Klein dielectric properties, dissipation factor, evaluation of ccrimic supports lor breakdown voltage, volume conductivity immobilized cell fermentation. IN-PLANT WASTE REDUCTION MINERAL PROCESSING COAL EVALUATION AND The capability exists to assess industrial Physical separation methods irt available PROCESSING to both ferrous and non-ferrous industries Co*If are analysed by proximate analysis activities to determine opportunities for the on bench and pilot plant scales. These in- and 6TU values determined with a Paar reduction of generated waste. Studies may also examine the opportunity for m-plant clude grinding, magnetic and gravity adiabatic bomb calorimeter. Facilities are separation, flotation and peMetirtnq for available for cleaning and beneftciation of upgrading of wastes, through separate ferrous orei; bond work index; autogenous coal, for sulphur and aih removal, and for collection or simple treatment, to make and semi-autogenous nulling, and flotation the binding of coal powders and aggregates. those wastes reusable. for non-ferrous ores. R3 • Contacts: R11 • Contacts: Herb Robey Dr. Bob Laughlin R1 • Contact: Gregg Cteiand Dr. Betoy Das (BTU Values) HYDRO AND PYROMETALLURGICAL Dr. Hans Brandstatter PROCESSING Of FERROUS AND NON- (Cleaning and Beneficiation) FERROUS ORES Hydrometaliurgical capabilities include ASBESTOS PROCESSING AND selective extraction by teaching of non- APPLICATIONS ferrous metal values, solvent extraction, Yield it determined on drill cores and km exchange and electrowinning. Pyro- small bulk samples, and the separated UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL. metalturgical activities include melting and fibre evaluated for use m asbestos cement MINING AND DOMESTIC WASTES refining studies on ferrous and non-ferrous and textiles. Samples for biological tests Utilization studies are made of wastes metals, rotary-kiln calcining, solid-state are prepared m an air ret mill. A 500 Ib/hr from a variety of sources. Typical are reduction and carburization. and extrac- centrisonic device

M.R. Wntcon. l.k.iE»t«l. rn.D.lc*Ki«» PRINCIPAL SCIENTIST PRESIDENT TECHNOLOGISTS II ASSOCIATE RESEARCH SCIENTIST A.J. LMt. M.I.M.(L«fi«Mil. CEnt-. M.I.U. W.R. Stadatman. B.A.SC.CTVT.I. M.B.A.IP***** R.A. Copt«V, •.Sc.iMc Mn. L Ptnn, K.s«.(M J.D. Snaffl. •.Sc.!W«Mn«a> RESEARCH ENGINEERS L. BfUflO. P.fn» SECRETARIAL STAFF TECHNOLOGISTS I ASSISTANT RESEARCH ENGINEERS W.F. Fouwt. 1-Sc.lAIMrtcl. '.!««. MB J.M. Lowria Mhl J. B««th.m R.O. Gibion, t.A.t«.i*i'«iwi««l. r.i«« J. Larocqu*. *.A.S«.IW«I*'|MI. f.E<* Y.E. Huun. •.Sc.lCaw*). PM.D.IMM Brw VICE-PRESIDENT. INTERDEPARTMENTAL Mn. IJ. BOIMH, •.s«.iu.w. f.tB» ASSISTANT BESEARCH SCIENTISTS PROGRAMS B.O. KlMw M. KhtmoH. MC-IOWII c*»<» i-«»i. M.H. Jonaa, n>.o.lu«««.>. F.C.I c K. Miaumurl G.M. Lmn. I.K.OMOUO) SECRETARIAL STAFF Mn. C. Snutti J.L. McQun^ •.ln»1McM«t«) G. P. Riif. B.ic.tlW»NrM«) Mn. E.Jahman SENIOR TECHNICIANS f tn* VICE-PRESIDENT. OPERATIONS T.E. Hmtanon SENIOR TECHNOLOGISTS C.F. Picnli. «.»».(«yin»mi. ' f» RJL Kumn. n.o.i*«i..i MtaJ. Undur j. a*i>d RESEARCH SCIENTIST Mn. MJ. Dilkm SECRETARIAL STAFF Mn. & WJUMlm V.I. Ukihimiun, P».O.I««IK*»I Mn. P.M. Tniglia TECHNICIANS III TECHNOLOGIST III ASSOCIATE RESEARCH ENGINEERS A.P. Sehuittf S. F. DBjilMlci, U.Sc.tW(«cMw. »alMM). ».Cn Mn.T. TECHNOLOGISTS II P.A. Bltkaila. •.tc.immu*!. '•»» E.G. Flter I. Hnotic. n-» OPERATING DEPARTMENTS Mn. 0. P«ti«itB P.J. Ganoir C.A. MeQugan. •.A.te.iwatwi««t. p.fn» Min M. RwintM TECHNOLOGISTS I OH. Ttiorp*. I.SC.IACMKI. P.liw APPLIED CHEMISTRY TECHNICIANS II R. G«llii>9« E.T. Tyrcx. p.En» DIRECTOR Mn. A.E. Critici Mm I. Mickanyn T.S. Yu. •.ln*fT*i«*nK M.Cn»!McOUI). ».K S.G. Raid. M.O.CIl AiurMl. • C.I.C Mn. L. OiM G. WinurtMll ASSOCIATE RESEARCH SCIENTISTS MmO Dj.ko ASSISTANT DIRECTORS TECHNICIANS III B. Abriham. •.S&IC«««lt G.RS. Thomas a.*c.iaritiai>. nvO.(QwMfVi) Mn. D. Prectof Mn. A. LiitMrt W.G. Cl«(«nd. • A tc..D.l>M.) f.ci.c Mn. A. MMdoniM S.G. Troup. S. Law, •.A^c.ion«on d«r M»raiQ E^.N. Sufdan. a.S.'.IU.a.C.I. M.Sc-F.(T«r.) J. J«M. O. Lnlir r.ASHHAC. ^.Cn». ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ASSISTANT RESEARCH SCIENTISTS J.O. EJ. Chalftald, M.A.. PK.O. S. Bavclay, p.fn*. A. Hjrsnwim. •.Sc.^.lTw.i R.M.ShMiM RESEARCH ENGINEER RG. Mn. N L. Thompwn. «-><-ini...«oi W. Soraka V.H. Nialian, ft"* R.C. Whit. SENIOR TECHNOLOGISTS A.S. RESEARCH SCIENTISTS M.A.Sc.lw«i«»aal. J.Bncy TECHNOLOGISTS Ml J.B. Adolpn. P».O.IB«-| DJ. Tunwr T.W. COOOK J.K. BMuptki D.M. Oaan. a.Sc.tu.M.o.l PRINCIPAL ENGINEER AJ. H-xtoo P. Edwwdl, •.Sc.lMcMMMrl W.R Sun. a.s<.ic«i oi.i. rn. E.E. R*fTMdiot, Mnt. Mrv B LKM n R J Rutiniak I a VMM* TECHNOLOGISTS II SERVICES INFORMATION OFFICER TECHNICIANS II SENIOR TECHNICIAN R.J. daUt O.R. HotiinQbtry, •.A.SC.ITM.). P.Cn«. Mn. S.A. Snulln F.C. Bautr D.C. Giatimni. •.T«e*i (Hvar SECRETARIAL STAFF A. Sttvcnson TECHNICIAN III P. Son** Mn. J. TECHNICIAN I Ms S. Kodu R.F. Wttlums J. W«lk»r TECHNICIANS II TECHNOLOGISTS I G. Murawski SECRETARIAL STAFF M.P. GaMa B. Smilh H. Gardauabal ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY Mn. I. OuneM TECHNICIAf.3 I A. Maraacio Mn. J. PlUiy DIRECTOR T. Pi«ruta

  • J.F. Putt B.A. ASSOCIATE RESEARCH SCIENTISTS I.H. JOVC«, fn.O.UI|. M.(n»(Tw.l V.K. Croutch. ijc-iOuMn-ii. p.Cn*. Mn. G. BIOWBS SECRETARIAL STAFF ASSISTANT RESEARCH SCIENTISTS J. Ltidrwr, u.A.sc-tTor I Mn. B. O«Jun Mrs. /. Cocktaurn Mi M. DobMm, M.S«.IM«MMIW| ASSOCIATE RESEARCH SCIENTISTS Mn. B. Tuniwy Mn. J Coooar B. ForrnlAl, rsc-iovMmt R W ElliOR. 1.SC.IU.* C.1. M.S<.lv..kl Mn. P. Ford M. Rix. rsc. R.T. Htmminai, t.r- is«wm*m«uini, »r<.o. Mn. I McMullan H. Robvy, • SC.«nn. Sui»i C.A. Booth. B.Sc-iConcarOMl ASSISTANT DIRECTOR D. Cobb J.A. Cr.^m.1. Mn. E.J. Edwards, ft.sc.iQwMn'11 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR W.K. t lltn. Jr.. •.A.tOwMn-ri. •.S.I.C.IColwn*i«l. W.M. Gibbon. B.lc. s« lu °i T i E. Niskansn. r.in«. X Brorubank. r>.cn«.. C.IM*. TECHNOLOGISTS I D.E. R«nton T.R. Wood. B.Sc.lGIMBOWI. P.Ent, J. Brawny «.M«cM.f««.. r.Ent. C, Allcock Mn. M. Ryd«r RESEARCH SCIENTISTS O. Clur«. t.A.Sc.. M.A.Sc.lWnw1ao>. P.En*. W.R. Brooks W. MckinbMham. r.ii*. R.S. Ctmpbdl Mrs. A.J. Tlrry. B.Sc-(McMMt«ri S.S. Johar, M Sc to*in.). r-n.o (McM*«t«r> H. Shimilll. ^h.O.lTor.l G.M, Sobarinf, •.IA^IMCGUI). M.».A.IM«MMW|. Miss M.J. Kikomko TECHNOLOGIST II F.E«» MruS. O'Hin. BScm.t.Mool M.S. Ro M. tBH Rood*. U.Sc.novKl. M.A Sc.iw«tvio r ln» R. Craw R. Dykx G. Hildtbrind Mi S.M. Rul ASSOCIATE RESEARCH SCIENTISTS Mn. D.L. Thompson A. Fahr, B.S.IMMf\*dl. M.T*cn.[B»wr'«l. B.Y. Wong _._ I

    SKOAL PROGRAMS TEXTILES. CLOTHING Ar:O FOOTWEAR INTERDISCIPLINARY GROUPS M.O. ROY. »S«0>. DIRECTOR DIRECTOR ENERGV GROUP B.G. SaUan. • A.SC.IW«WI«»I. ?.i«» R.A. Kuntn. Pn.o.l«wti»l MJ. William. ni.o.iu«ul W. SM. •.JLS«.IT«*.>. P.ln» MANAGER ASBESTOS GROUP ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ASSISTANT RESEARCH SCIENTISTS P. CMhmOrt, •.TKh.lLAu|no«rauflAt. M^O.I O..I *•&• VJ. Cuna, iK.imurw«i TECHNOLOGIST III A.UM»|or SENIOR RESEARCH SCIENTISTS X FotMT, •.•c.lTrwill J.A.B. Attwv. XA.lo-euni. M.*J«..> Mn. C Olillon MANAGER RESEARCH SCIENTIST J. Ltidiwr, U.A.SC.IT**.) SENIOR TECHNOLOGISTS Mn. K. SI.V" Mm C.C. Tymll O, tVffttUHU, •.Sc.llMail. M.PHH.ILMMI EJ.Ouflfi ASSOCIATE RESEARCH SCIENTIST OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH GROUP J.D. Bixi<««a CENTRE FOR ALTERNATE FUEL R.A. MoiUiim, •.X.ILMIII. XT.I. MANAGER TECHNOLOGIST III UTILIZATION FJ. Hopton. m.o.iirmoil AW. Jmmkmr SENIOR TECHNOLOGIST PRINCIPAL SCIENTIST E.W. SimnwM TECHNOLOGIST II WASTE UTILIZATION GROUP A. Ljvnon. f*i.o.ioi««a*i TECHNOLOGIST III Mk» H. SMdM, •.X.lUOtenrl ASSOCIATE RESEARCH ENGINEER A.W. Jotinxxl MANAGER TECHNOLOGISTS I W. GMO. M.I.(M«fiiMnl. f.ln*. E.A.N. Suaom. l.l r.lu.t.c.1. U.S«.F.IT« SENIOR TECHNICIAN Mn. U.O. Arc« TECHNOLOGIST III Mn. J. BMMTM T.D. B«n. B.SC |McMMt«*> T. Hr-mon TECHNICIANS III TECHUCLOGISTS I MJ. ftmttanton* C.J. Hun R. Ownf V. M»lil STAFF DEPARTMENTS Mi O. Skin Mn. tSkniM R.A.PMM SENIOR TECHNICIANS TECHNICIANS II MARKETING SERVICES SENIOR TECHNICIAN Mm A. LVHMI Mn. J. Bobik MANAGER W.A. Drummood RJ. Udwli J. Cwir T.E. Kina/y A.R. Lrm TECHNICIANS II Mn. G.I. Sorfill A-V PRODUCTION COORDINATOR R. Cm TECHNICIANS I W.M.Jon« G. Nicad«na TECHNICIAN III P. Bark COMMUNICATIONS ASSISTANT M. MOO.I J.J. Sukv P.O. E»m SECRETARIAL STAFF K. LiflMi Mn. C.A. Halw TECHNICIANS II Mn. S. OriiMr SECRETARIAL STAFF S.R. A»||«MV SECRETARIAL STAFF Mn. P.M. Tmjlu Mn. V. Hun M.SI W.A. StmtHl Mn. 0. ButurfMM MJ. V«l«

    SECRETARIAL STAFF COMPUTER MARKING SERVICES Mn. D.W. ChrntM PROJECT DEVELOPMENT Mn. L.T. Oaot MANAGER INTERIM MANAGER Mn. J. fMibohm C.R. Slack OPERATIONS MANAGER SENIOR PROJECT OFFICER E.J.M. Tall

    PATTERN COORDINATOR PROJECT OFFICER J.F.L. Oupun I. Murray. l.Sc.(Sir»tnciva*l. ninn-f. TECHNICIAN II SECRETARIAL STAFF Mn. MJ. CtlAi Mrv P.M. Truglil TECHNICIAN I a Ftock SECRETARY CARETAKING COMPUTER ROOM STAFF COPYHOOM AND PRlNTSHOP STAFF S. Hugnai (Sucervisod SECRETARY Mm C.L. Fihr H. Brown M. Bacani J.N. MettfMwl. I.A.IC ITv.l. P In* J A. Shiildi Mh. EM. Dithurtaid* J C Odhant MANAGER OF PLANT ENGINEERING MANAGER. ACCOUNTING Mot M.C. RnndMU SERVICES N. Cannon. Mri. P.M. Winm SUPERVISOR • STOREROOM AND B.L. CaMar, a.u.io..~«-«>. P €r» SJ. I CHEOIT AND COLLECTION COORDINATOR RECEIVING STAFF MACHINE SHOP V. laffatt Mn.C Cotton R.P. Stiwtrt J.L Montgomery (Foreman! J. (Minka ACCOUNTING STAFF STOREROOM AND RECEIVING STAFF F. Bottom L. Olniira Mm S.O. Elliot! C Krun J.C. Mircona L Lomtaidi G.H.Malthawi SECRETARIAL STAFF P. Ronwo &MoMhoi Mm M.L. Hand Mm O.A. MdMuUtn Mm T. Wdlt J.O. Riendeau Mn. BJ. Robvnon MAIL CLERK Mn. EJ. Shntri KSchuU Mn. O. V*«lli SPECIAL POLICY STUDIES Mm J.S. Smtm PHOTOGRAPHY SECRETARIAL STAFF Mn. O.G. Bridlty G.M. Chapman DIRECTOR PERSONNEL MANAGER C.E. Symondi. rA.tc.iTo, i. n*+ Mn C Tipp DRAFTING L.N. GoOfftv A. GoriMuka ISr.) SECRETARIAL STAFF PERSONNEL ASSISTANT XL. Whtta Mil* J.M. Lomit Mn. P.C. Aliundir PLANT SUPERINTENDENT LIBRARY PURCHASING AGENT Q.P. GHroy LIBRARIAN G.C. Bum MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE C.K. Wai, M.A.IT»<|*M1|. M L.S.lK»nMI Sltlal BUYERS J. Browffc (Foreman) LIBRARY TECHNICIAN II W.B. Broaki B. Abcotfa Mrs. W. How*. (.A-IOfocht K.L. Winiloo LIBRARY TECHNICIANS I APPARATUS/INSTRUMENT H. Haskalt Mn. H.M. K.mp TECHNOLOGIST T. I Mn. F. Lund S. Hood CLERK-TYPIST O J. LaBlanc PURCHASING OFFICE STAFF Mn. B. Brunt Mn. J. Giitxin R.S. Nf Mn. F.E. MacDonald R.B. Nutltov Mn. NJ. MeOoruld V.I MANAGER. ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES TREASURER PLUMBING TRADES R.E. Wxiirally J. Tylac I Lead Hand) TREASURER SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR B. B»eu«th.w L.J. van Momrau. a.A.is.o.w.u.i Mn. PJ. Wilton O. Caruio MANAGER. FINANCIAL SYSTEMS RECEPTION CLERK J.E. Duiw AND AUDIT Mn. C.J. Aikin ELECTRICAL TRADES D. Thomas. K.I.A. SUPERVISOR - COPYROOM E. Miako (Lead Hand) FINANCIAL ANALYST AND PRlNTSHOP M. Johmton W.K. Andtawi R.E. R. Lo«w SUPERVISOR. COMPUTER ROOM F. O'Hara Mn. J. Phd ONTARI RESEPRch FOUNDATION

    Sheridan Park Rmcarch Community MI«*U*auga. Ontario. Canada L5K 1B3 Telephone (416) 822-4111 Telex 06-982311

    ^Printed In Canada c MIDWEST RECOVERY CO.

    MANUFACTURER, DESIGNER, AIR HLTRATION PRODUCTS

    Representatives for:

    • Koch Filter Corporation Complete Air Filter Manufacturer

    • S. D. I. Air to Air Heat Recovery Systems to Eliminate Fumes, Smoke, and Negative Pressure Problems

    Morse Boulger, Inc. Waste Heat Incinerators 90 Years of Service to the Industrial and Municipal Markets

    • Peerless Metal Industries Design, Fabricate, and Install Metal Products

    P.O. Box 431 • Arlington Heights, IL 60006 • (312)655-4077 MIDWEST RECOVERY COMPANY Suite 24 120 E. Ogden Avenue Hlnsdale, IL 60521 (312)655-4077

    • In Plant Destruction of Solid, Liquid, Hazardous & Toxic Wastes • Engineering & Evaluation with Turnkey Capability • Stoker fired MASS Burning Systems — 6 Ton to 1200 Ton Per Day Presently In Operation • Controlled Air Systems — 500 Ibs to 25 Ton Per Day Presently in Operation •Wet Oxidation — Low BTU Liquid Destruction — 99.99% Destruction of Most Organic Hazardous & Toxic Chemicals — Up to 16000 Gal Per Day in Operation • Successful Destruction Experience — Industrial Solid Waste — Hospital Solid & Pathological Waste — Chemical Plant Waste — Pesticide Waste — Pulp & Paper Plant Waste — Chlorinated Hydrocarbons — Sewage Waste — Paint Waste . — Municipal Waste Co-disposal and Co-generation

    • WE CAN SOLVE YOGR WASTE PROBLEMS Q5-5M28.0/.051 P.O. Box 431. Arlington Heights. Illinois 60006 (312) •••* 655-4077

    April 6, 1983

    CH2M HILL 2020 S.W. Fourth Avenue 2nd Floor Portland, OR. 97201 Attention: Mr. Stewart Davis Dear Stu,

    Midwest Recovery Company is in the process of assembling an appropriate team to bid on the Waukegan Harbour PCB disposal using environmentally sound technology. We have assembled the information you supplied and also infor- mation from the BNA Environmental Reporter regarding Slip #3. In order to evaluate the various information we received, a starting point had to be arrived at. Our approach addresses Slip #3 and the following'results can be assumed.

    WAUKEGAN HARBOUR ON SITE PCB DESTRUCTION

    1.0 Among the alternatives to be studied under contract is a plan to screen off Slip No. 3, where the highest concen- tration of contamination is located (500 ppm), and to dredge out an estimated 15,000 cubic yards of sediment and 35,000 cubic yards of water. 2.0 The approach recommended is to pump this slurry into a mixing/holding tank and then to the Wetcom Engineering Ltd. Wet Oxidation Reactor for processing on site. Post treatment includes neutralization, testing, and return of the decontaminated slurry to the harbour. For purpose of budgetary analysis it was assumed that the average concentration after mixing in the holding tank was 500 ppm of PCB's. It was further assumed that the PCB concentra- tion will be reduced 997. (to 5 ppm). 3.0 After completing the study it is estimated that it will take one (1) year to construct and install two 16,000 gallon per day reactors at the site. The recommended

    Jowph M. Koch Filtration Products MRC Rep? P.d. Box 431. Arlington Heights. Illinois 60006 (3121VHHMI 655-4077

    CH2M HILL Portland, OR. 97201 Page 2

    3.0 (continued) reactor size is the same as the Wetcom Reactor now operating at the Uniroyal Plant in Elmira, Ontario, and processing 43 different hazardous wastes, 757. (12,000 gal day -1 of which is drawn from holding lagoons. It is also estimated that after installation it will re- quire one year to process the contaminated slurry. If the processed slurry .(PBC concentration 5 ppm) can be re- turned to the Waukegan Harbour the predicted budgetary cost is 60 to 85 cents per gallon. Of course, the cost prediction is subject to test and detail engineering and operating projections.v This budgetary estimate includes all fixed capital e- quipment, engineering, installation, debt service, and operating cost. The operating costs include operating and maintenance labor, supervision, overtime, G & A, fringe benefits, operating and maintenance supplies, aux fuel, land rental, electricity, utilities, chemicals, final disposal, management fee, taxes & insurance.

    I will contact you the week of April llth so that further dis- cussions can be arranged. Thank you for your interest and assistance in developing cost effective pollution free technology for PCB destruction at Waukegan Harbour. Sincerely, MIDWEST RECOVERY COMPANY

    Joseph M. Koch Filtration Products WET OXIDATION

    WASTE DISPOSAL

    A major breakthrough for industry and government faced with increas- ing public pressures in disposing of toxic industrial wastes has been unveiled at Uniroyal Chemical's Elmira, Ontario, plant, where forty- one various toxic chemicals are being simultaneously destructed. Of major interest will be the fact that this new process, under develop- ment for many years, renders toxic chemical wastes, including Dioxin and PCB's, both liquid and solid sludge, harmless enough to be handled by most conventional waste and centers. In excess of 150 various toxic chemicals have been successfully destructed, most in excess of 99.9 7.. World rights to this new and exciting Wetox wet oxidation system have been acquired by the Scarborough, Ontario firm, WetCom Engineering Ltd.

    Wetox, the result of a nine-year, million-dollar development at the Ontario Research Foundation and the Michigan Technological University, is a process where liquid organic wastes are rendered harmless with a minimum environmental impact.

    WetComs Wetox is a process involving the destructive oxidation of most organic materials under water by forcing air or oxygen into the mater- ials at elevated temperatures and pressures.

    The organic materials oxidize readily on contact with the oxygen, being

    05-5M28.0/-2S2- converted mainly to carbon dioxide and, releasing energy in the form of high pressure steam. This steam can then be recovered by the plant for its manufacturing processes with up to 80 per cent efficiency.

    WetCora Engineering acquired an exclusive worldwide license for the Wetox technology from the Michigan Technological University in Hough- ton, Michigan. Extensive developmental work has been done by Ontarip Research Foundation, of Mississauga Ontario, since 1971 adopting the Wetox process to suit many liquid industrial wastes and other challeng- ing problems.

    WetCom Engineering Ltd. of Scarborough Ontario, previously formed to become involved in waste and energy processes, acquired several years ago all international rights for marketing, manufacturing and sub-

    licensing the Wetox process system.

    Wet air oxidation as a process is not really all that new! The appli- cation of wet air oxidation to waste treatment began with R. W. Streh- lenert who, in 1912, patented a process for the treatment of spent pulping liquors with oxygen at elevated temperatures and pressures.

    Development of the process proceeded simultaneously in several fields and in many countries, including Sweden, Germany and United States. It is the application of the process that is both exciting and innovative.

    Specifically focussing on the Wetox system, one can see how really

    simple the process is. A waste to be oxidized is pumped via a high pressure pump through a heat exchanger to first heat the waste and then into a high pressure reactor where it is vigorously mixed with compressed air. The oxygen in the air reacts with the organic matter in the slurry at these high temperatures to break apart the complicated chemical wastes and to produce mainly carbon dioxide^acetic acid and water. Due to the ex- othermic nature of the reaction, heat is generated further raising the temperature of the reactor contents. The effluent from the wet oxi- dation reactor is heat exchanged with the incoming waste to preheat it. Indeed, so much heat is often generated that steam can be recovered and reused in the plant. Almost any combustible material which remains in the liquid phase can be oxidized by this process. Destruction of the organic contaminants is achieved as well in water at elevated tempera- ture and pressure as by concentrating the material and incinerating the dry residue. In either case the products are the same: carbon dioxide, water and ash.

    The products from wet oxidation are automatically and thoroughly scrubb- ed since the entire reaction is carried out "under water", hence the problems of air and odor pollution are minimized.

    Wet oxidation provides an efficient means for recovering valuable energy from even relatively dilute waste streams. The energy in the form of steam is, therefore, recovered with the highest efficiency. Since it is created directly as a product of the combustion process, specifically focussing on Uniroyal Chemical's Wetox installation, one sees immediate- ly that the problem is somewhat more complex than a simple single waste stream.

    Uniroyal's diverse organic chemical product mix generates a rather wide range of difficult-to-eliminate, and often toxic, wastes, including chlorinated hydrocarbons and dioxins. Relative proportion and in- tensity of these wastes varies from month to month at the Elmira plant depending on the variations in this mix product.

    WetCom's task, then, has been to balance Uniroyal Chemical's flow through surge capacity design, and treat a mixture of as many as 40 different wastes varying in (COD) from as low as 3% to as high as 25%. Initial capacity at Elmira is 8,000 gallons per day, growing in the coming months to 16,000 gallons per day. *

    There are a number of competing advantages of the Wetox system over the competitive systems, because the Wetox system is based on a hori- zontal, agitated, raulti-compartmented, cascading reactor—compared to the vertical, non-agitated, single-compartment reactor, the Wetox system is able to achieve comparable reaction rates, but at much lower temperatures.

    This is because the reaction rate of wet oxidation is faster at lower temperatures when oxygen is forced into the waste through vigorous agitation, rather being contacted with the waste by percolation as with other systems. In the Wetox cascading compartments, the liquor is increasingly "con- centrated", in successive chambers as the products of combustion and steam are withdrawn in each chamber. The more concentrated liquor re- sults in a higher relative COD level and hence, improved reaction rates.

    This lower temperature offers very important benefits when it comes to building a system. At the temperatures involved in these reactions, steam is generated at fairly high pressure, and it is a phenomenon of steam production that the pressure of steam generated at those temper- atures increases exponentially with temperatures at these upper ranges.

    This means that while Wetox can operate at about 230°C and an operating pressure around 600 p.s.i.g., the competing technologies have to operate at approximately 260°C to 290°, and thus at an operating pressure of 1500-to-3000 p.s.i.g.

    In the wet oxidation systems for the conditioning or destruction of sewage sludge or the conditioning of pulp and paper, it is not necessary to manufacture these systems out of any material more exotic than stain- less steel.

    Wet oxidation for the destruction of liquid industrial wastes where the reactions involve wastes that contain chlorinated hydrocarbons means construction ^materials change from stainless steel to titanium, hastel- loy, zirconium or nickel.

    The rate of transfer of oxygen into the solution at a given operating temperature is controlled by:

    1. The solubility of oxygen in the waste which is a function of the oxygen partial pressure or over-pressure. Increased process pressures will, therefore, result in increased rates of mass transfer. 2. The degree of mixing of the oxygen and the waste.

    Increased process pressures result in increased capital costs for the reactor vessel, heat exchanger, compressor, etc., as well as increased operating costs. Effective mixing is, therefore, most important in economically optimizing the system.

    The Wetox process is uniquely suited to the oxidation of waste liquors, slurries and sludges where the organic matter is but a. few per cent of the predominantly water stream.

    It is the most economical process for wastes which have a concentration of oxidizable material between 2 and 207, by weight with water.

    In this range, sufficient material is available to react with the oxygen to generate enough heat to maintain the desired temperature and pressure in the reactor without external energy being supplied. Above about 5% by weight excess heat is generally produced which can be efficiently and economically recovered. Wet oxidation .can be applied to non-biodegradable materials as well as dangerous, toxic or obnoxious

    wastes. =

    Valuable inorganic materials can be efficiently recovered from the liquid phase effluent. This is especially important for materials recoverable or in a reusable form not

    Because obnoxious materials such minimized

    nitrogen phase as salts or acids. which have been effectively Exan-ples of so.e of the vaste stream treated by wet oxidation include: industry. Petrochemical Refinery Cyanide Waste Refinery & Refinery Spent Sour Water Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Sludge Refinery API Separator Sludge Re-Refinery Acid Sludge Petrochemical Ammonium Chloride Waste Petrochemical Nitrate Waste Petrochemical HC1 Wash Stream Petrochemical NaOH Wash Stream Petrochemical Ammoniated Organic Waste Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate Waste Refinery Spent Caustic Refinery Filter Backwash Refinery Biological Sludge

    Phenolic Waste Stream Pulp and Paper Paper Mill Fines Recycled Newsprint Wood Preservative Liquor Sodium Base Sulfite Liquor Calcium Base Sulfite Liquor Ammonium Base Sulfite Liquor Sodium Base Semi-Chemical Liquor Soda Base Liquor Clay Filler Sludge Copper Stripping Solution Electroplating Copper-Cyanide Plating Solutions Cadmium-Cyanide Plating Solutions Alkaline-Cyanide Cleaner Waste

    Vegetable Hydrolysis Sludge Food Tomato Waste 8

    Food (continued) Bean Sludge and Bean Wastewater Cheese Whey Cornstarch Waste Coffee Grounds Fish Processing Waste Iron and Steel Thiocyanate Waste Cyanide Waste

    Automotive Mixed Paint Waste Mixed Waste Slurry Automotive Lagoon Waste Automotive Plant Sludge API Tops and Bottoms Textile Caprolactam Waste Nylon Manufacturing Waste Condensate from Polyester Resin Production Spinning Oil from Nylon Manufacture Miscellaneous Wastes Paint Manufacturing Waste Paint Stripping Sludge Drum Washing Effluent Metals Recovery Sludges Tanning Wastes Containing Chromate Sewage Sludge Gastification of Wood Effluent Manure Mixed Industrial Organic Waste Metal Grinding Sludges Palm Oil Mill Effluent

    Other Wetox process applications currently under active review include 1. Conversion of agricultural residues to single cell protein and/or methane via wet oxidation and biological treatment. 2. Desulphurization of high-sulphur coal and coke. 3. Combustion of low-grade fuels such as peat, low-grade coal, waste, paper, etc. as.energy sources. 4. Recovery of valuable metals from waste streams such as chrome, silver, tin, etc. The heart of WetCom1s Wetox process is the reactor: a multi-compart- mented horizontal unit with agitation and oxygen addition in each compartment.

    This design results in substantially increased reaction rates and makes possible efficient operation at relatively modest temperatures and pressures (230°C and 600 psi).

    The liquid and steam phases are withdrawn separately from the reactor. This feature improves heat exchanger efficiency, increases the effec- tive retention time of the liquid and reduces the volume of liquid effluent for chemical recovery or treatment.

    Above 37. COD the process is autothermal and above 4-67. COD the process is a net energy producer.

    • Simple cost comparisons have indicated that from 37. COD to 4070 COD, the capital cost of the Wetox process is the same or less than the comparable biological or system. An examination of oper- ating costs, however, makes the Wetox process even more attractive since it is a net energy producer.

    It would be expected, therefore, that the Wetox process would be the most economical system for many wastes with COD concentrations of 37o to 407. (volatile solids from 1.57. to 207.).

    Wetcom Engineering's Wetox units can be economically designed from , ' 10

    1,000 gallons per day (2 feet diameter by 8 feet long) to 400,000 gallons per day, (8 feet diameter by 50 feet long). As an example the Wetox Model 4-48 currently being operated at Uniroyal, handles 16,000 gallons per day and is 41 in diameter and 18' long.

    On wet oxidation systems currently being reviewed, there are positive pay-back values available to the operator through: reduction in current disposal fees; the energy value of steam generated, and the value of any recovered inorganics in the effluent.

    A major appeal of wet oxidation to most industrial processors is through the reduction in uncertainty attached to subcontracted waste disposal costs, and having total waste disposal in-house and under management control. Three new avenues being currently investigated for wet oxida- tion are: 1. Use as a primer energy utility plant using coal, coke, heavy oil, tar sands, shale or peat as a fuel to generate steam to convert to electricity. High sulphur coal can be used since a high per- centage of sulphur is trapped as sulphuric acid. 2. Use of wet oxidation as a reactor to create or alter certain chem- ical intermediates. For example, rather than consider full oxida- tion of all COD as the process objective, one can take advantage of the di-fferent wet oxidizing temperatures of impurities in com- , ponents to cleanse those compounds. As an example, the sulphur in coal can be substantially wet oxidized at a low enough temperature 11 to avoid substantial coal oxidation, thereby "desulphurizing" the coal 3. Controlled rather than all-out wet oxidation can create a new "re- actor" system concept.

    The only ultimately politically acceptable waste handling solution is that the waste generator treat and render innocuous all his wastes on his own property. This can be economically accomplished with a con- tinuous or batch WetCom wet oxidation reactor.

    For further information contact:

    MIDWEST RECOVERY COMPANY (312) 655-4077