Melbourne Sewerage Strategy 1 Contents
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Michael Wandmaker Pat McCafferty Melbourne Water Yarra Valley Water David Ryan Terri Benson City West Water South East Water Robert Murphy Western Water ISBN 978-1-925541-12-0 (Print) ISBN 978-1-925541-13-7 (Web) © Copyright December 2018 Melbourne Water Corporations. All rights reserved. No part of the document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, photocopied or otherwise dealt with without prior written permission of Melbourne Water Corporation. Disclaimer: This publication may be of assistance to you but Melbourne Water and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication. All actions in this strategy will be delivered subject to funding. PREFACE For over 100 years, Melbourne’s sewerage system has protected This bold, new approach is the result of a collaboration between public health and the environment and contributed to making Melbourne Water, City West Water, South East Water, Western Melbourne one of the world’s most liveable cities. Water and Yarra Valley Water. These strong and effective partnerships will underpin ongoing collaboration throughout Challenges like our growing population, the changing urban the strategy implementation. environment and climate change require an evolution of the sewerage system to ensure that Melbourne remains a liveable In implementing the strategy, we will continue to work with our and sustainable city for generations to come. customers and the community, adapting our approach to ensure it remains aligned with community needs and expectations. This strategy represents an innovative, new approach to facilitate The decisions we make with the community will ensure affordable transformational change of the sewerage system in the face services for current and future generations. of complex challenges and opportunities. Working together, we can ensure our sewerage system is well It includes ambitious goals to support our 50 year Vision for positioned to face the challenges and opportunities of the future, a liveable, thriving Melbourne, and outlines an agile, adaptive remains a valued community asset, and supports a prosperous, approach that takes into consideration the rapidly changing liveable Melbourne for many years to come. environment in which we live. Importantly, it explains how our sewerage system can further evolve from a waste disposal system to one which plays a critical role in meeting urban water demands, sustainably managing waste and enhancing resource recovery. Aboriginal acknowledgment Melbourne Water, City West Water, South East Water, Western Water and Yarra Valley Water proudly acknowledge Aboriginal people as Australia’s First Peoples and the local Traditional Owners as the original custodians of the land and water on which we rely and operate. We pay our deepest respects to their Elders past, present and future. We acknowledge the continued cultural, social and spiritual connections Aboriginal people have with the lands and waters, and recognise and value that the Traditional Owner groups have cared for and protected them for thousands of generations. In the spirit of reconciliation, we remain committed to working in partnership with local Traditional Owners to ensure their ongoing contribution to the future of the water management landscape, while maintaining their cultural and spiritual connections. MELBOURNE SEWERAGE STRATEGY 1 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 1. INTRODUCTION 12 1.1 ABOUT THIS STRATEGY 12 1.2 APPROACH 13 1.3 WATER INDUSTRY STRATEGIES 13 1.4 VICTORIA’S REGULATORY CONTEXT 14 1.5 OUR CUSTOMERS AND STAKEHOLDERS 15 1.6 ABOUT OUR SEWERAGE SYSTEM 18 2. WHY DO WE NEED A SEWERAGE STRATEGY? 22 2.1 SUPPORTING BROADER WATER INDUSTRY OUTCOMES 22 2.2 OUR CHANGING ENVIRONMENT 26 3. A NEW SEWERAGE STRATEGY 34 3.1 OUR VISION 34 3.2 OUR GOALS 35 4. THE FEATURES OF A FUTURE RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM 38 4.1 FUNCTIONS OF MELBOURNE’S FUTURE RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM 39 4.2 FEATURES OF OUR FUTURE RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM 42 2 5. DELIVERING THE STRATEGY- ADAPTIVE PATHWAYS 44 5.1 WHY ADAPTIVE PATHWAYS? 44 5.2 THE ADAPTIVE PATHWAY APPROACH 45 5.3 KNOWLEDGE, VALUES AND RULES 45 5.4 HOW WILL WE DELIVER THE ADAPTIVE PATHWAYS? 46 5.5 SYSTEM LIMITS 46 5.6 SEWERAGE NETWORK AND TREATMENT PLANT LIMITS 48 5.7 ENVIRONMENTAL DISCHARGE LIMITS 56 5.8 GREATER MELBOURNE WASTE LIMITS 62 5.9 AVAILABILITY OF FIT FOR PURPOSE WATER 69 6. IMPLEMENTING THE STRATEGY 74 6.1 DECISION MAKING FRAMEWORK 75 6.2 COLLABORATIVE IMPLEMENTATION 77 6.3 GOVERNANCE FOR STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION 77 6.4 ACTIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION 79 APPENDIX 1. MELBOURNE’S JOURNEY TOWARDS A WATER SENSITIVE CITY 84 APPENDIX 2. MELBOURNE SEWERAGE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 86 APPENDIX 3. ADAPTIVE PATHWAYS CASE STUDIES 92 APPENDIX 4. DECISION MAKING FRAMEWORK 96 GLOSSARY 98 REFERENCES 104 ENDNOTES 104 MELBOURNE SEWERAGE STRATEGY 3 Executive Summary Melbourne is one of the world’s most liveable cities. Our sewerage system plays a vital role in supporting that liveability and ensuring that our city remains healthy and prosperous. WHY DO WE NEED A SEWERAGE STRATEGY? The increasing population has also created challenges for managing other waste materials, particularly organic material such as The pace of change around us is increasing. Technology is rapidly food waste. This material has historically been sent to landfill or advancing, the population is growing and the climate is changing. composting facilities. With changing government policies around The greatest certainty we have for the future is that it will not organic waste to landfill, along with limited landfill capacity and the be the same as the past. We can no longer plan for the future ability for organic wastes to be used to generate renewable energy, based on what has happened previously. there may be benefits of treating some of this waste in the Melbourne’s population is expected to more than double in the sewerage system. next 50 years. This increase in population is driving change to the Our industry and employment base has changed with the decline urban form. We no longer live in the suburbs with large backyards, of manufacturing and the rise of service based industries, including instead we have a mix of high density, medium density and sprawling an increase in cafés and other options for indulging in the famous suburbs on the fringe of the city. The areas to the north and west of Melbourne lifestyle. Melbourne, are some of the most rapidly growing areas in Australia. 4 These changes have impacted on the composition of sewage that In Melbourne our water cycle is essentially a linear process; where now enters our treatment plants. we use water and then dispose of it, and any contaminants, via the sewerage system to be treated before it re-enters the environment. Climate change projections indicate Melbourne will become a hotter, drier city. Sea level rise is likely to see impacts on Organic and inorganic material that enters our sewerage system infrastructure such as the Western Treatment Plant. Other climate forms the basis of the resources that can then be extracted change impacts on the sewerage system include increased rates to support Melbourne as a sustainable city. of odour and corrosion of our assets due to warmer sewage Although previous Sewerage Strategies have identified the potential temperatures and more intense storms that may require for using the resources within the system, and there have been infrastructure upgrades to ensure we are meeting our environmental government policies to encourage a greater reuse of resources such discharge requirements. A drying climate also increases the need as recycled water, we have had limited success in realising their for alternative water sources to help Melbourne meet its water needs. full value. Customer expectations are changing, driving us to find different This strategy represents an innovative new approach to facilitate ways of delivering and funding our services and providing services transformational change of the sewerage system in the face of that are valued by the community. complex challenges and opportunities. We have developed bold Given the challenges posed by population growth and climate and ambitious goals and embraced adaptive pathways planning change, Melbourne can no longer continue with a mindset of using to ensure we have a robust, resilient and affordable sewerage system our resources once, treating them to make them safe, and then that is valued by our customers and community for the long term. disposing of them to the environment. This strategy is not an infrastructure plan but a framework that provides direction for the future. OUR VISION AND GOALS Our Vision Melbourne’s sewerage system has the potential to not only continue to protect public health and the environment, but to deliver enhanced value through contributing to our city’s liveability. To do this, our Vision for Melbourne’s sewerage system is: A resilient and adaptable system that supports thriving, healthy communities and a liveable, flourishing environment. Our Goals To achieve our Vision, we need to take measurable steps to reposition our sewerage system from being viewed as a waste disposal system to one that is a true resource recovery system and a key contributor to Melbourne’s future as a water sensitive city. We need to think about future generations of Melburnians and ensure that we are leaving a legacy that holds them in good stead for the challenges that they are likely to face, whilst maintaining the equity that our sewerage system provides to our customers and community. The Goals are aspirational and are a stretch beyond what the industry currently delivers. MELBOURNE SEWERAGE STRATEGY 5 They are reflective of a future where sewage is valued as a resource These goals, although aspirational, are underpinned by the and industry, government and the community are united in striving fundamental principle of ensuring affordability for our customers for bold change.