DOCSLIB.ORG

33Is PROCEEDINGS

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
33Is PROCEEDINGS 33is PROCEEDINGS XVIIT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COORDINATION CHEMISTRY •July 18-23,' 1977 Sao Paulo, Brazil PROCEEDINGS XVIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COORDINATION CHEMISTRY July 18-23, 1977 Sao Paulo, Brazil Sponsors Brazilian Academy of Sciences International Union of Pure and Applieu Chemistry University of Sao Paulo XVIII ICCC SCIEN1 Scope Organized by Brazilian Academy of Sciences will 1 Organizing Committee P. Senise, Sao Paulo (Chairman) E. Giesbrecht^ Sao Paulo S. Mathias, Sao Paulo L. Hainberger, Rio de Janeiro A.C. Spinola Costa, Bahia E.3. Paniago, Belo Horizonte N. Valle Silva, Rio de Janeiro (Treasurer) Krumh Local Executive Committee P. Kr P. Senise (Chairman) E. Giesbrecht S. Mathias (Editor) G. Vicentini O.A. Serra Plena H. Li Chum Appli SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM Scope Plenary lectures, section lectures and contributed papers will be presented under five topics: I - Organometallic Compounds II - Mechanisms of Reactions of Complexes III- Structure and Stereochemistry of Coordination Compounds IV - Application of Coordination Compounds in Ana- lytical Chemistry V - Lanthanide Chemistry Krumholz Memorial Session A special session honoring the memory of the late Professor P. Krumholz will be held on Tuesday, July 19, 1977. Plenary lectures will be published in the IUPAC Journal Pure and Applied Chemistry. The Monc 11:1 E.O. Prep plea Tues 11:1 H. T Che Thu PLENARY LECTURES 11: S. The con Thu 17: H.M App Fri 11: E. Coo (X- --••, n.ira^ The plenary lectures will take place in Room A Monday, July 18,1977 11:15 - 12:15 h E.O. Fischer, Munich (GFR) Preparative and structural aspects of transition metal carbyne com- plexes Tuesday, July 19, 1977 11:15 - 12:15 h H. Taube, Stanford (USA) Chemistry of ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) ammines Thursday, July 21, 1977 11:15 - 12:15 h S. Kirschner, Detroit (USA) The pfeiffer effect, outer-sphere complexation, and the absolute configuration of coordination compounds Comb" Thursday, July 21, 1977 17:00 - 18:00 h vari H.M.N.H. Irving, Leeds (UK) Application of coordination compounds in analytical chemistry disc of t Friday, July 22, 197-7 11:15 - 12:15 h An o E. Giesbrecht, Sao Paulo (Brazil) Coordination compounds of rare earths with QnX+O type ligands meta (X=S,N,P,As) cati —j >• •"' PREPARATIVE AND STRUCTURAL ASPECTS OP TRANSITION METAL CARBTNE COMPLEXES E.O.Fischer Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Arcisstrasee 21, D-8000 MUnehen 2, Germany A short introduction deals with the discovery of the first capbyne complexes of the type trans-Hal(CO)^MCR ( Hal = Cl, Br, Ij M • Cr, Mo, W; R = methyl, phenyl) in 1973, defined by its name as having a sp hybridised, carbon atom triply bonded to a transion metal. A general survey then follows about presently known routes, to prepare carbyne complexes of uncharged and also ionic types, how t& modify them, and how to use them as starting materials for the introduction of the carbyne ligand into organic chemistry. Examples will be mentioned especially for a) CO substitution, b) halogen substitution, c) additions of nucleophiles to the crb e' d) CR-substitution, e) preparation of organic molecules which contain the cleaved CR-ligand. Combined with the preparative results x-ray structures of a great variety of such uncharged and cationic carbyne complexes will be discussed, and their importance for the determination of radii of triple bonded transition metals will be emphasized. An outlook for the preparation of new carbene complexes of transition metals, based on addition reactions of anionic nucleophiles to cationic carbyne complexes, will complete the aspects of the field. ^CHEMISTRY OF RUTHENIUM(II) AND OSMIUM(II) AMMINES Henry Taube Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305 A motivation for the study of ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) ammines is that back-bonding is an important interaction in the complexes containing also unsaturated ligands. The pentaammine-unsaturated ligand species are usually substitution inert, a property which facilitates their characterization and so they provide a convenient opportunity for studying the interface between ligands which are regarded as characteristics of organometallic compounds, and the saturated ligands which figure in the chemistry of "classical" complexes. Thoy provide, as well, an opportunity for studying in a systematic way the effects of back donation on physical properties and reactivity. The chemistry of the ruthenium ammines has been the more thoroughly studied, and some of the salient observations made with them will be reviewed. Comparisons will be made with Fe(CN)_?~ (referred to by J. Malin as the poor man's ruthenium) and with Os(NEL) 2+. The osmium(II) ammines call for more elaborate preparative procedures than suffice for ruthenium(II) ammines, and current research on these complexes will be described. ,-vnJj.Ji^ Z/ THE PFEIFFER EFFECT, OUTER-SPHERE COMPLEXATION, AND THE $7 "APP1 ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF COORDINATION COMPOUNDS H.M Stanley Kirschner Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University Detroit, Michigan 48202 U. S.A. The Pfeiffer Effect is the change in optical rotation of a solution of one enantiomer an optically stable compound (called the "environment" substance) upon the addition of a racemic mixture of an optically labile complex compound. The nature of the Effect will be described, along with evidence supporting the "equilibrium displacement" mechanism proposed for the Effect. Further, the effect of Pfeiffer activity on the racemization and resolution of dissymmetric complexes is described, along with the application of the Pfeiffer Effect to the determination of absolute configuration of coordination compounds which are both optically active and optically labile. Still further, a proposal to describe the basic nature of the Effect at the molecular level is presented, which utilizes the concept of hydrogen bonding of the environment substance to pi-electron cloud systems of the ligands of the complex. With regard to dissymmetric, optically stable complexes, it has been shown that an interaction occurs between such complexes and environment substances when the latter are present in much higher concentrations than the former. A technique will be described which utilizes this phenomenon to predict the absolute configuration of dissymmetric, optically stable complexes, which is base.: upon a proposal of outer-sphere complexation through hydrogen bonding between the optically active environment substances and the ligands of the complexes. V / 7i "APPLICATIONS OF COORDINATION COMPOUNDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY" C001 H.M.N.H.Irving TYP3 Erni Department of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, England and Department of Chemistry, Ins" University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Cai: 0101 Coordination compounds have been used extensively in analytical chemistry for over 100 years. Examples of applications in absorptiometry, atomic absorption spectroscopy, chromatography (gas-solid, liquid-solid, high-pressure and tic), gravimetry, liquid-liquid extraction and titrimetry (especially complexometry), for separation and preconcentration, for ion-selective electrodes, and for the design of highly selective reagents will emphasise those characteristics (e.g. polarity, size, colour, hydrophobicity, stability, conformation etc.) relevant to particular uses. Examples of useful steric effects, of synergism and kinetically controlled separations will be included. COORDINATION COMPOUNDS OF RARE EARTHS WITH Q X TYPE LIGANDS (X = S, N, P, As). Ernesto Giesbrecht Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao Paulo Caixa Postal 20780 01000 - Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil An increasing number of complexes formed by rare earths with Q X -»• 0 type ligands are being reported in the literature. Sulphoxides, phosphine oxides and heterocyclic-N-oxides are the more important representatives of these typs of coordinating agents although some complexes of seleno1oxides and arsine 1 oxides are also described. The preparation, the properties and the more impox^tant physical and chemical characteristics will be reported. SECTION LECTURES M. To The t (Room Thurs 10:20 1 t MICROCOPY RIMHUIDN II si l Il/Uil 10 Monday; July 18', 19 77 14:00 - 14:30 h E.Fluck, Struttgart (GFR) Prussian blue and its analogs (Room A) . Monday, July 18, 1977 16:00 - 16:30 h B.J.-Trzebiatowska, Wroclaw (Poland) Antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic phenomena and structure of coordination compounds (Room B) Monday, July 18, 1977 17:20 - 17:50 h L. Sacconi, Florence (Italy) Recent contributions to the chemistry of 3d metals in low oxidation states (Room A) Tuesday, July 19, 1977 10:20 - 10s50 h u.A. Koningstein, Ottawa (Canada) Eletronic Raman spectroscopy of some transition metal sandwich compounds {Room D) Tuesday, July 19, 1977 17:20 - 17:50 h M. Tobe,London (UK) The trans effect. Some recent kinetic and equilibrium studies (Room C) Thursday, July 21, 1977 10:20 - 10;50 h R.C. Mehrotra, Delhi (India) Coordination chemistry of lanthanides (Room C) i ii •! ijt Y; 11 Thursday, July 21, 1977 PRUSSIAN B 15:00 - 15:30 h E. Fluck a G. Eichhorn, Baltimore (USA) Recent studies on the effect of metal ions on nucleic acid and Institute genetic information transfer Pfaffenwal Thursday, July 21, 1977 A survey i 16:20 - 16:50 h and bondin J. Chatt, Brighton (UK) The reactivity of dinitrogen in its stable complexes [(C) (Room C) ml C6 New result Friday, July 22, 1977 10:20 - 10:50 h which have S.L. Davydova, Moscow (USSR) Atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis of coordination with vfi = compounds with and without preliminary decomposition (Room C) bauer spec iron and t Friday, July 22, 19 7 7 Mossbauer 14:00 - 14s30 h F.G. Gallais, Toulose (France) Charge transfer in coordination compounds: a study of Lewis coordinate acids of group III elements by means of nuclear resonance spectroscopy (NMR and NQR) Furthermor (Room A) spectrosco Friday, July 22, 1977 the type F 16:00 - 16:30 h discussed. S.P. Sinha, Zurich (Switzerland) Application of the "inclined W" theory in predicting the sixth and the higher ionization potentials for the lanthanide series (Room D) —.•j».^a^A jy / ANTIFERPf COORDINAT V 12 B.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • © Copyright 2013 Jennifer L. Steele
    © Copyright 2013 Jennifer L. Steele DIVALENT TRANSITION METAL CENTERS: THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION PRECURSORS AND STUDIES OF ETHYLENE POLYMERIZATION AND OLIGOMERIZATION CATALYSTS BY JENNIFER L. STEELE DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2013 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Gregory S. Girolami, Chair Assistant Professor Alison R. Fout Professor John A. Katzenellenbogen Professor Thomas B. Rauchfuss Abstract Volatile transition metal complexes that contain boron hydride ligands are desirable for their potential as precursors for metal diboride films for microelectronics applications. Recently our group has discovered a new class of potential precursors in the metal complexes of the chelating borohydride, N,N-dimethylaminodiboranate (DMADB). To date, attempts to synthesize homoleptic complexes of the late transition metals have afforded intractable mixtures, likely the result of overreduction of the metal center. This work has focused on the synthesis and characterization of heteroleptic complexes of the late transition metals that contain both DMADB and 1,2,3,4,5,-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligands. The reaction of metal complexes of the form [Cp*MX]n, where Cp* is 1,2,3,4,5,- pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, M = Cr, Fe, Co, or Ru, and X = Cl or I with sodium dimethylaminodiboranate (NaDMADB) in diethyl ether affords the divalent complexes [Cp*M(DMADB)]. Additionally, the analogous vanadium compound [Cp*V(DMADB)] can be synthesized from the reduction of [Cp*VCl2]3 with NaDMADB in diethyl ether. All of these compounds are volatile under static vacuum at room temperature, but are also thermally sensitive; the iron and ruthenium derivatives decompose at room temperature over a day.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2 Polymerisation of MMA Using Novel Chromium(II)
    A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick Permanent WRAP URL: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/133954 Copyright and reuse: This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. For more information, please contact the WRAP Team at: [email protected] warwick.ac.uk/lib-publications Novel chromium compounds and their use in the polymerisation of methyl methacrylate Mark Andrew Stump A Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Chemistry University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL 18th January 1998 A: Table of Contents A Table of Contents 1• B Table of Tables Vlll• • • C Table of Figures xiv D Declaration xix E Acknowledgements XX F Summary xxi G Abbreviations xxii 1. Introduction 2 1.1. An Introduction to Polymers 12 3 1.2. Types of Polymerisation 5 1.2.1. Anionic Polymerisation 5 1.2.2. Co-ordination Polymerisation 7 1.2.3. Radical Polymerisation 9 1.3. Controlled Polymerisation 10 1.3.1. Stereochemistry of vinyl polymerisation 10 1.3.2. Other Aspects of Controlled Polymerisation 12 1.4. Living Polymerisation 13 1.5. An Introduction To Chromium Chemistry 22 1.6. Methods of Analysis for Polymers 34 1.6.1. Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) 34 1.6.2. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) 35 1.7. References 44 2. Polymerisation of MMA using novel chromium(II) and (III) compounds in conjunction with alkyl halides 49 2.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Gas-Phase Boudouard Disproportionation Reaction Between Highly Vibrationally Excited CO Molecules
    Chemical Physics 330 (2006) 506–514 www.elsevier.com/locate/chemphys Gas-phase Boudouard disproportionation reaction between highly vibrationally excited CO molecules Katherine A. Essenhigh, Yurii G. Utkin, Chad Bernard, Igor V. Adamovich *, J. William Rich Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Laboratories, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43202, USA Received 3 September 2006; accepted 21 September 2006 Available online 30 September 2006 Abstract The gas-phase Boudouard disproportionation reaction between two highly vibrationally excited CO molecules in the ground elec- tronic state has been studied in optically pumped CO. The gas temperature and the CO vibrational level populations in the reaction region, as well as the CO2 concentration in the reaction products have been measured using FTIR emission and absorption spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that CO2 formation in the optically pumped reactor is controlled by the high CO vibrational level populations, rather than by CO partial pressure or by flow temperature. The disproportionation reaction rate constant has been determined from the measured CO2 and CO concentrations using the perfectly stirred reactor (PSR) approximation. The reaction activation energy, 11.6 ± 0.3 eV (close to the CO dissociation energy of 11.09 eV), was evaluated using the statistical transition state theory, by comparing the dependence of the measured CO2 concentration and of the calculated reaction rate constant on helium partial pressure. The dispro- À18 3 portionation reaction rate constant measured at the present conditions is kf =(9±4)· 10 cm /s. The reaction rate constants obtained from the experimental measurements and from the transition state theory are in good agreement.
    [Show full text]
  • Alder Reactions of [60]Fullerene with 1,2,4,5-Tetrazines and Additions to [60]Fullerene-Tetrazine Monoadducts
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 2002 Diels -Alder reactions of [60]fullerene with 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and additions to [60]fullerene-tetrazine monoadducts Mark Christopher Tetreau University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Tetreau, Mark Christopher, "Diels -Alder reactions of [60]fullerene with 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and additions to [60]fullerene-tetrazine monoadducts" (2002). Doctoral Dissertations. 81. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/81 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Bond Distances and Bond Orders in Binuclear Metal Complexes of the First Row Transition Metals Titanium Through Zinc
    Metal-Metal (MM) Bond Distances and Bond Orders in Binuclear Metal Complexes of the First Row Transition Metals Titanium Through Zinc Richard H. Duncan Lyngdoh*,a, Henry F. Schaefer III*,b and R. Bruce King*,b a Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India B Centre for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens GA 30602 ABSTRACT: This survey of metal-metal (MM) bond distances in binuclear complexes of the first row 3d-block elements reviews experimental and computational research on a wide range of such systems. The metals surveyed are titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, and zinc, representing the only comprehensive presentation of such results to date. Factors impacting MM bond lengths that are discussed here include (a) n+ the formal MM bond order, (b) size of the metal ion present in the bimetallic core (M2) , (c) the metal oxidation state, (d) effects of ligand basicity, coordination mode and number, and (e) steric effects of bulky ligands. Correlations between experimental and computational findings are examined wherever possible, often yielding good agreement for MM bond lengths. The formal bond order provides a key basis for assessing experimental and computationally derived MM bond lengths. The effects of change in the metal upon MM bond length ranges in binuclear complexes suggest trends for single, double, triple, and quadruple MM bonds which are related to the available information on metal atomic radii. It emerges that while specific factors for a limited range of complexes are found to have their expected impact in many cases, the assessment of the net effect of these factors is challenging.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Unusual, Astronomically Significant Organic Molecules
    'lL-o Thesis titled: Some Unusual, Astronomically Significant Organic Molecules submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph,D.) by Salvatore Peppe B.Sc. (Hons.) of the Department of Ghemistty THE UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE AUSTRALIA CRUC E June2002 Preface Gontents Contents Abstract IV Statement of Originality V Acknowledgments vi List of Figures..... ix 1 I. Introduction 1 A. Space: An Imperfect Vacuum 1 B. Stellff Evolution, Mass Outflow and Synthesis of Molecules 5 C. Astronomical Detection of Molecules......... l D. Gas Phase Chemistry.. 9 E. Generation and Detection of Heterocumulenes in the Laboratory 13 L.2 Gas Phase Generation and Characterisation of Ions.....................................16 I. Gas Phase Generation of Ions. I6 A. Positive Ions .. I6 B. Even Electron Negative Ions 17 C. Radical Anions 2t tr. Mass Spectrometry 24 A. The VG ZAB 2}lF Mass Spectrometer 24 B. Mass-Analysed Ion Kinetic Energy Spectrometry......... 25 III. Characterisation of Ions.......... 26 A. CollisionalActivation 26 B. Charge Reversal.... 28 C. Neutralisation - Reionisation . 29 D. Neutral Reactivity. JJ rv. Fragmentation Behaviour ....... 35 A. NegativeIons.......... 35 Preface il B. Charge Inverted Ions 3l 1.3 Theoretical Methods for the Determination of Molecular Geometries and Energetics..... ....o........................................ .....39 L Molecular Orbital Theory........ 39 A. The Schrödinger Equation.... 39 B. Hartree-Fock Theory ..44 C. Electron Correlation ..46 D. Basis sets............ .51 IL Transition State Theory of Unimolecular Reactions ......... ................... 54 2. Covalently Bound Complexes of CO and COz ....... .........................58 L Introduction 58 tr. Results and Discussion........... 59 Part A: Covalently bound COz dimers (OzC-COr)? ............ 59 A. Generation of CzO¿ Anions 6I B. NeutralCzO+........
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    The Preparation of Aromatic Esters of Malonic Acid 1 John H. Billman, R. Vincent Cash 2 and Eleanor K. Wakefield The preparations of four aromatic esters of malonic acid have been described in the literature. These are the diphenyl-, di-/3-naphthyl-, di- p-tolyl-, and di-p-nitrophenyl malonates. The preparation of diphenyl malonate by Bischoff and von Heden- strom (5) in 1902 illustrates one of the synthetic methods employed. Phenol and malonyl chloride were warmed on a water bath for a short time; hydrogen chloride was envolved and the solid ester crystallized on cooling. -* C1-C-CH.-C-C1 + 2 CeHtfOH C 6 H 5 -0-C-CH a -C-0-C 6 H 6 + 2 HC1 These workers tried without success to prepare this ester from malonic acid, phenol, and thionyl chloride. However, Auger and Billy (1) were able to synthesize diphenyl malonate from malonic acid, phenol, and phosphorus oxychloride. Guia (6) obtained di-/3-naphthnyl malonate rather than the desired counmarin-type compound when he heated /3-naphthol, malonyl chloride, and aluminum chloride in carbon disulfide. Backer and Lolkema (2) synthesized di-p-tolyl malonate and di-p-nitrophenyl malonate from malonyl chloride according to the above equation. The latter ester was also prepared by these investigators by treatment of the diphenyl malonate with nitric acid at 0°. Since carbon suboxide has been reported (7) to react with alcohols to yield dialkyl malonates, it seemed of interest to attempt to extend the reaction to phenols. -* 0=C=C=C=0 + 2 HOAr Ar-0-C-CH 2 -C-0-Ar Five phenols were successfully esterified with carbon suboxide, with sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid present at catalyst.
    [Show full text]
  • The Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Carbon Sub Oxide
    AUGUST, 1937 JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHVSICS VOLUME 5 The Infrared Absorption Spectrum of Carbon Suboxide R. C. LORD, JR.* AND NORMAN WRIGHT Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Michigan, A nn Arbor, Michigan (Received "May 24, 1937) The infrared absorption spectrum of carbon suboxide vapor has been studied under low dispersion in the region from 2).1 to 25).1. The vibrational bands observed may be satisfactorily accounted for on the basis of a linear symmetric structure for the carbon suboxide molecule, in agreement with evidence obtained from Raman spectra and from electron diffraction investigations. ECENT studies of the structure of the material was prepared by the pyrolysis of R carbon suboxide molecule by electron dif­ diacetyl tartaric anhydride8 and was purified by fractiont ,2 and by ultraviolet absorption and two distillations in an all-glass system. Measure­ 3 Raman spectra - 5 have made desirable an in­ ments of the vapor pressure of the suboxide over vestigation of the molecule's absorption spectrum a range of temperatures up to O°C agreed in the infrared region. The information to be satisfactorily with those in the literature. 9 The gained from such an investigation should be absorption cell was filled by distilling the middle particularly helpful since the spectroscopic and fraction of the particular sampJe at hand into electron diffraction evidence indicates that the the evacuated ce1l, the desired pressure being most probable form of the carbon suboxide obtained by surrounding the distilling vessel molecule is one possessing a symmetry center. with a bath of acetone of the proper temperature.
    [Show full text]
  • Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Using an Iron/Iron Oxide Nanocatalyst
    Carbon dioxide hydrogenation to aromatic hydrocarbons by using an iron/iron oxide nanocatalyst Hongwang Wang*1, Jim Hodgson1, Tej B. Shrestha2, Prem S. Thapa3, David Moore3, Xiaorong Wu4, Myles Ikenberry5, Deryl L. Troyer2, Donghai Wang4, Keith L. Hohn5 and Stefan H. Bossmann*1 Full Research Paper Open Access Address: Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 760–769. 1Kansas State University, Department of Chemistry, 201CBC doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.88 Building, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, 001-785-532-6817, 2Kansas State University, Department of Anatomy & Physiology, 130 Coles Received: 11 March 2014 Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, 3University of Kansas, Microscopy Accepted: 30 April 2014 and Analytical Imaging Laboratory, 1043 Haworth, Lawrence, KS Published: 02 June 2014 66045, USA, 4Kansas State University, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, 150 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, Associate Editor: J. J. Schneider USA and 5Kansas State University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 1016 Durland Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA © 2014 Wang et al; licensee Beilstein-Institut. License and terms: see end of document. Email: Hongwang Wang* - [email protected]; Stefan H. Bossmann* - [email protected] * Corresponding author Keywords: aromatic hydrocarbons; carbon dioxide reduction; heterogenous catalysis; iron/iron oxide nanocatalyst Abstract The quest for renewable and cleaner energy sources to meet the rapid population and economic growth is more urgent than ever before. Being the most abundant carbon source in the atmosphere of Earth, CO2 can be used as an inexpensive C1 building block in the synthesis of aromatic fuels for internal combustion engines. We designed a process capable of synthesizing benzene, toluene, xylenes and mesitylene from CO2 and H2 at modest temperatures (T = 380 to 540 °C) employing Fe/Fe3O4 nanoparticles as cata- lyst.
    [Show full text]
  • Wildland Fire Emission Factors in North America: Synthesis of Existing Data, Measurement Needs and Management Applications
    CSIRO PUBLISHING International Journal of Wildland Fire 2020, 29, 132–147 https://doi.org/10.1071/WF19066 Wildland fire emission factors in North America: synthesis of existing data, measurement needs and management applications Susan J. PrichardA,E, Susan M. O’NeillB, Paige EagleA, Anne G. AndreuA, Brian DryeA, Joel DubowyA, Shawn UrbanskiC and Tara M. StrandD AUniversity of Washington School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, USA. BPacific Wildland Fire Sciences Laboratory, US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, 400 N. 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103, USA. CMissoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, 5775 W Broadway Street, Missoula, MT 59808, USA. DScion Research, Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua 3010, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. ECorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Field and laboratory emission factors (EFs) of wildland fire emissions for 276 known air pollutants sampled across Canada and the US were compiled. An online database, the Smoke Emissions Repository Application (SERA), was created to enable analysis and summaries of existing EFs to be used in smoke management and emissions inventories. We evaluated how EFs of select pollutants (CO, CO2,CH4,NOx, total particulate matter (PM), PM2.5 and SO2) are influenced by combustion phase, burn type and fuel type. Of the 12 533 records in the database, over a third (n ¼ 5637) are represented by 23 air pollutants, most designated as US Environmental Protection Agency criteria air pollutants, greenhouse gases, hazardous air pollutants or known air toxins. Among all pollutants in the database, including the most common pollutants PM, CO, CO2 and CH4, records are unevenly distributed with a bias towards flaming combustion, prescribed burning and laboratory measurements.
    [Show full text]
  • Rpt POL-TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS 98 BY
    SWCAA TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS '98 by CAS ASIL TAP SQER CAS No HAP POLLUTANT NAME HAP CAT 24hr ug/m3 Ann ug/m3 Class lbs/yr lbs/hr none17 BN 1750 0.20 ALUMINUM compounds none0.00023 AY None None ARSENIC compounds (E649418) ARSENIC COMPOUNDS none0.12 AY 20 None BENZENE, TOLUENE, ETHYLBENZENE, XYLENES BENZENE none0.12 AY 20 None BTEX BENZENE none0.000083 AY None None CHROMIUM (VI) compounds CHROMIUM COMPOUN none0.000083 AY None None CHROMIUM compounds (E649962) CHROMIUM COMPOUN none0.0016 AY 0.5 None COKE OVEN COMPOUNDS (E649830) - CAA 112B COKE OVEN EMISSIONS none3.3 BN 175 0.02 COPPER compounds none0.67 BN 175 0.02 COTTON DUST (raw) none17 BY 1,750 0.20 CYANIDE compounds CYANIDE COMPOUNDS none33 BN 5,250 0.60 FIBROUS GLASS DUST none33 BY 5,250 0.60 FINE MINERAL FIBERS FINE MINERAL FIBERS none8.3 BN 175 0.20 FLUORIDES, as F, containing fluoride, NOS none0.00000003 AY None None FURANS, NITRO- DIOXINS/FURANS none5900 BY 43,748 5.0 HEXANE, other isomers none3.3 BN 175 0.02 IRON SALTS, soluble as Fe none00 AN None None ISOPROPYL OILS none0.5 AY None None LEAD compounds (E650002) LEAD COMPOUNDS none0.4 BY 175 0.02 MANGANESE compounds (E650010) MANGANESE COMPOU none0.33 BY 175 0.02 MERCURY compounds (E650028) MERCURY COMPOUND none33 BY 5,250 0.60 MINERAL FIBERS ((fine), incl glass, glass wool, rock wool, slag w FINE MINERAL FIBERS none0.0021 AY 0.5 None NICKEL 59 (NY059280) NICKEL COMPOUNDS none0.0021 AY 0.5 None NICKEL compounds (E650036) NICKEL COMPOUNDS none0.00000003 AY None None NITROFURANS (nitrofurans furazolidone) DIOXINS/FURANS none0.0013
    [Show full text]
  • Wavelength Dependence of Photooxidation Vs Photofragmentation of Chromocene
    J. Phys. Chem. A 2001, 105, 8665-8671 8665 Wavelength Dependence of Photooxidation vs Photofragmentation of Chromocene Peter T. Muraoka, Daniel Byun, and Jeffrey I. Zink* Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UniVersity of California, Los Angeles, California 90095 ReceiVed: March 19, 2001; In Final Form: July 2, 2001 Photooxidation and metal-ligand photolysis reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)chromium, chromocene, in the range 24 390-15 630 cm-1 are studied in the gas phase by using time-of-flight mass spectroscopic detection. Photooxidation of the intact chromocene molecule unexpectedly dominates in the range 23 530-24 000 cm-1. The relative importance of photooxidation compared to photofragmentation is strongly wavelength dependent. A prominent species at all wavelengths is the chromium ion, but in a wavelength region corresponding to the lowest energy ligand to metal charge transfer excited electronic state absorption, the strongest peak is from the chromocene ion. The excitation spectra are reported for three selected species: chromocene ion, mono- (cyclopentadienyl)chromium ion, and the chromium ion. The spectrum obtained by monitoring the metal ion contains sharp peaks that are assigned to neutral chromium atom resonances. Sharp losses of intensities in the molecular ion spectra are observed at these wavelengths. The wavelength dependencies of the photoreactions are interpreted and explained in terms of the identity of the initially populated excited electronic state and the ionization energy of the molecule. When the initially populated excited electronic state is the ligand to metal charge transfer state, the first photon causes minimal bond weakening and the second photon excites the intact chromocene above the ionization energy, resulting in efficient ionization of the parent molecule.
    [Show full text]