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THE DAILY SHOW and PHILOSOPHY 9781405163149 1 Pre.Qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page II 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page I THE DAILY SHOW AND PHILOSOPHY 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page II THE BLACKWELL PHILOSOPHY AND POPCULTURE SERIES Series editor William Irwin A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down, and a healthy helping of popular culture clears the cobwebs from Kant. Philosophy has had a public relations problem for a few centuries now. This series aims to change that, showing that philosophy is relevant to your life – and not just for answering the big questions like “To be or not to be?” but for answering the little questions: “To watch or not to watch South Park?” Thinking deeply about TV, movies, and music doesn’t make you a “complete idiot.” In fact it might make you a philo- sopher, someone who believes the unexamined life is not worth living and the unexamined cartoon is not worth watching. South Park and Philosophy Edited by Robert Arp Metallica and Philosophy Edited by William Irwin Family Guy and Philosophy Edited by J. Jeremy Wisnewski The Daily Show and Philosophy Edited by Jason Holt Forthcoming Lost and Philosophy Edited by Sharon Kaye 24 and Philosophy Edited by Jennifer Hart Weed, Richard Brian Davis, and Ronald Weed The Office and Philosophy Edited by J. Jeremy Wisnewski 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page III THE DAILY SHOW AND PHILOSOPHY Moments of Zen in the Art of Fake News Edited by Jason Holt 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page IV © 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd blackwell publishing 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148–5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Jason Holt to be identified as the Author of the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, services marks, trademarks, or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. First published 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Daily show and philosophy : moments of zen in the art of fake news / edited by Jason Holt. p. cm. — (The Blackwell philosophy and popculture series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–1–4051–6314–9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Daily show (Television program) I. Holt, Jason, 1971– PN1992.77.D28D35 2007 791.45′72—dc22 2007017553 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 10.5/13pt Sabon by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Printed and bound in the United States of America by Sheridan Press The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover board used have met acceptable environmental accreditation standards. For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: www.blackwellpublishing.com 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page V To my parents, Alyce and Larry Holt 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page VI 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page VII CONTENTS Acknowledgments x Introduction: Great Book, or the Greatest Book? 1 SEGMENT 1 HEADLINES: FAUX NEWS IS GOOD NEWS 3 1 Amusing Ourselves to Death with Television News: Jon Stewart, Neil Postman, and the Huxleyan Warning 5 Gerald J. Erion 2 The Fake, the False, and the Fictional: The Daily Show as News Source 16 Michael Gettings 3 The Fake News as the Fifth Estate 28 Rachael Sotos 4 The Good, the Bad, and The Daily Show 41 Jason Zinser SEGMENT 2 CORRESPONDENT’S REPORT: JON STEWART (NOT MILL) AS PHILOSOPHER, SORT OF 55 5 Jon Stewart and the New Public Intellectual 57 Terrance MacMullan VII 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page VIII 6 Stewart and Socrates: Speaking Truth to Power 69 Judith Barad 7 Can The Daily Show Save Democracy? Jon Stewart as the Gadfly of Gotham 81 Steven Michels and Michael Ventimiglia 8 Jon the Cynic: Dog Philosophy 101 93 Alejandro Bárcenas SEGMENT 3 REGULAR FEATURE: CRITICAL THINKING AND THE WAR ON BULLSHIT 105 9 Public Discourse and the Stewart Model of Critical Thinking 107 Roben Torosyan 10 The Daily Show’s Exposé of Political Rhetoric 121 Liam P. Dempsey 11 Bullshit and Political Spin: Is the Medium the Massage? 133 Kimberly A. Blessing and Joseph J. Marren 12 Bullshitting Bullshitters and the Bullshit They Say 146 Andrew Sneddon SEGMENT 4 INTERVIEW: RELIGION, GOD, AND DARWIN 159 13 The Challenge of Religious Diversity in “This Week in God” 161 Matthew S. Lopresti 14 Contingency, Irony, and “This Week in God” 175 Brad Frazier 15 Evolution, Schmevolution: Jon Stewart and the Culture Wars 190 Massimo Pigliucci VIII CONTENTS 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page IX SEGMENT 5 CHECKING IN WITH STEPHEN COLBERT/YOUR MOMENT OF ZEN: BEYOND THE DAILY SHOW 203 16 America (The Book): Textbook Parody and Democratic Theory 205 Steve Vanderheiden 17 The Daily Show/Colbert Report Guide to Neologizing 217 Jason Holt 18 Truthiness, Self-Deception, and Intuitive Knowledge 227 Amber L. Griffioen 19 Stephen Colbert, Irony, and Speaking Truthiness to Power 240 Kevin S. Decker Senior Philosophical Correspondents 252 Index 258 CONTENTS IX 9781405163149_1_pre.qxd 25/6/07 9:27 AM Page X ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thanks first to Jeff Dean, Bill Irwin, and everyone else at Blackwell Publishing for making this book possible. Thanks also to the con- tributors, whose patient hard work made it actual. Thanks to The Daily Show (and The Colbert Report) for giving us so much to write about, and to those of you fan enough to buy this book. X 9781405163149_4_000.qxd 25/6/07 9:28 AM Page 1 INTRODUCTION: GREAT BOOK, OR THE GREATEST BOOK? From Blackwell Publishing’s World Philosophy and PopCul- ture Headquarters in Oxford (and Malden, MA), This Is The Daily Show and Philosophy. Welcome to The Daily Show and Philosophy, my name’s Jason Holt, and we have a fine, fine program for you, but first . meet me at Camera 3. Okay, you’ve made it past the front cover. That’s good. Maybe you’re considering buying the book. Maybe it’s been bought and you’re think- ing about whether to read it. This might even be a textbook in a course you’re taking. Now what? You already know that The Daily Show with Jon Stewart is funny, really funny, and that the performers and writers are pretty smart. You also know that it’s not just a run-of-the-mill TV comedy. In its decade-plus run The Daily Show has achieved an undeniable, poten- tially disturbing, cultural significance, as fit for ranting blogs as for academic treatises. This book’s Senior Philosophical Correspondents (or really stoned slackers, depending on your point of view) are keen to explore what The Daily Show has to say about the news media, politics, religion, science, truth, and a host of others topics. Maybe you are too. But why philosophy? Not only does The Daily Show tackle issues that interest philosophers and that matter in many people’s daily lives (read “daily” as “four times a week”), it does so in instructive ways that deserve and are well-served by philosophical treatment. 1 9781405163149_4_000.qxd 25/6/07 9:28 AM Page 2 Sometimes philosophers even appear as guests on the show. Each contributor to this book will take the Seat of Heat in showing, each in their own way, why and how The Daily Show is philosophically both engaging and significant. If you’re hoping that The Colbert Report also gets a going-over, you won’t be disappointed. Like the show itself in its usual format, depending on how you count, The Daily Show and Philosophy comes in five segments: (1) headlines, (2) correspondent’s report, (3) regular feature, (4) inter- view, and (5) checking in with Stephen Colbert/your moment of Zen. Our first segment looks at fake news, including The Daily Show’s critique of the media, how fake news fiction can convey real truth, the political function of fake news, and the potential harm of such programming. Segment 2 casts Jon Stewart as a quasi-philosopher, drawing parallels with public intellectuals such as Socrates, Plato, and the ancient Greek bathtub-living, joke-making cynics. Our third segment addresses critical thinking and bullshit, including Stewart’s approach to public debate, The Daily Show’s dismantling of political rhetoric, the difference between bullshit and political spin, and whe- ther bullshit might not be so bad in certain rare cases. Segment 4 develops The Daily Show’s philosophy of religion, examining reli- gious diversity in “This Week in God,” contingency and irony, and the “Evolution, Schmevolution” special.
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