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Details of Sri Vaishnavism 1 Sri Vaishnavism essentially means followers of Lord Vishnu (one of the triumvirate of Indian Gods, viz. Brahma,Vishnu and Shiva). The central tenet of its teachings is bhakthi and the concept of Saranagati i.e. total surrender to God and His representation on earth, the Guru. The importance of Sri Vaishnavism has waned and waxed through the ages, and it was re-established in this age by Sri Ramanuja (1017-1137 AD). The glorification of devotion to Sriman Narayana and the bhakthi movement of Sri Vaishnavism had 12 pillars in the form of the 12 Alwars (of these, one was Andal, the consort of Sriman Narayana and one was Madurakavi, who wrote verses praising his Guru, rather than Sriman Narayana). The remaining 10 were devotional saints in Tamil Nadu who composed a number of verses in praise of Sriman Narayana. Tradition dates the time of the Alwars to Dwapara Yuga and early Kali Yuga (4200-2700 BC), however, western historians put their time between 100AD-1000AD. The devotional outpourings of the Alwars were collected into the Naalaira (4000) Divya Prabandams which serve as the main religious books of the Vadagalai Sri Vaishnavaites. The Alwars also sang about 108 temples as primary places of worship of Sriman Narayana – these are now called the Divya Desams (the first Divya Desam is Vaikuntam). The dates (as per tradition and as per western historians) and compositions of the 12 Alwars are given below: Tradition Western Composition Incarnation of: al date date Poigai Alwar 4203 BC 713 AD Mudal Thiruvandhadhi (100 verses) Panchajanya (Vishnu's conch) Bhooth Alwar 4203 BC 713 AD Irandam Thiruvandhadhi (100 verses) Kaumodaki (Vishnu's mace) Pey Alwar 4203 BC 713 AD Moondram Thiruvandhadhi (100 verses) Nandaka (Vishnu's sword) Thirumalisai Alwar 4203 BC 720 AD Nanmugan Thiruvandhadhi (96 verses) Sudarshana Chakra (Vishnu's discus) ThiruChanda Virutham (120 verses) Nammalwar 3093 BC 798 AD Thiruvaymozhi (1102 verses) Vishvaksena (Vishnu's commander) Thiruvasiriyam (7 verses) Thiruvirutham (100 verses) 1 This document was put together using sources of information from Wikipedia and the Andavan Ashram websites, www.andavan.org and www.ramanujamission.org. 1 Periya Thiruvandhadhi (87 verses) Madhurakavi Alwar 3102 BC 800 AD Kanninun Siruthambu (11 verses) Garuda (Vishnu's mount) King Kulasekhara 3075 BC 767 AD Perumal Thirumozhi (105 verses) Kaustubha (Vishnu's jewel embedded in his Alwar necklace) Periyalwar 3056 BC 785 AD Periyaazhwar Thirumozhi (473 verses) Garuda (Vishnu's mount) Andal 3005 BC 767 AD Nachiyar Thirumozhi (143 verses) Bhudevi (Vishnu's consort) Thiruppavai (30 verses) Thondaradippoddi 2814 BC 726 AD Thirumaalai (45 verses) Vanamalai (Vishnu's garland) Alwar Thirupalliezhuchi (10 verses) Thiruppaan Alwar 2760 BC 781 AD Amalan Adi Piraan (10 verses) Srivatsa (auspicious mark on Vishnu's chest) Thirumangai Alwar 2706 BC 776 AD Periya Thirumozhi (1084 verses) Shaaranga (Vishnu's bow) Thiru Vezhukootru irukkai (1 verse) Thiru Kurun Thandagam 920 verses) Thiru Nedun Thandagam (30 verses) The Guru parampara of Sri Vaishnavism starts as follows : 1. Sriman Narayana 2. Sri Mahalakshmi 3. Vishvaksenar 4. Nammalwar (3093 BC) (considered to be the greatest among the Alwars; composed 1352 verses in 4000 Divya Prabandham) 5. Natha Munigal (824-924) (compiled the verses of the Alwars and called them the Tamil Veda) 6. Uyyakondar (Pundarikkakshar) (826-931) 7. Manakkal Nambi (Sri Rama Misrar) (832-941) 8. Yamunamuni (Alavandar, Periya Mudaliar) (916-1041) 2 9. Periya Nambi (Mahapurnar) 10. Sri Ramanuja (Emperumanar, Lakshmanamuni, Yathiraja, Sri Bhasyakarar) (1017-1137) Sri Ramanuja taught that the deity absolute, Parabrahman, manifests in five possible aspects: Para, Vyuha, Vibhava, Antaryamin, and Archa. Living beings can interact with the divine through one or another of these five. He also established a system of worship of Vishnu, based on around 200 texts (collectively called “Pancharatra Agamas”). This system of worship is called “Pancharatra” and forms the basis of Sri Vaishnava tradition. 3 Sri Ramanuja established 74 Mutts in India to propagate the concept of Sri Vaishnavism and Saranagati. The simhasanathipathis of these mutts were as follows: 1. Thirukurugai Piran Pillan 16. Tirumozhur Alwan 31. Kanthadai Andan 46. Pillai Appan 61. Mudumbai Ammal 2. Koorath Alwan 17. Koil Alwan 32. Asuri Peruman 47. Pillai Tirumalai 62. Vaithama Nambi Nidhiyar 3. Nadadur Alwan 18. Arunapurathu 33. Maruthi Andan 48. Vankipurathu 63. Terku Alwan Aalwan Nambi 4. Parasara Bhattar 19. Kaniyur Siriya Alwan 34. Mathurai Andan 49. Sottai Nambi 64. Sri Rama Pilla Bhattar 5. Engal Alwan 20. Tirumalai Nallan 35. Somasi Andan 50. Mudumbai Nambi 65. Sirupalli Devaraja Bhattar 6. Elai Alwan 21. Kidambi Achan 36. Jeer Andan 51. Parankusa Nambi 66. Pillai Urandhal Udayar 7. Mudaliandan 22. Vankipurathu Achan 37, Esandan 52. Tirukkurungudi 67. Pillai Nambi Tiruvoimozhi Arayur 8. Chettalur Alwan 23. Eachambadi Achan 38. Peria Andan 53. Thondanur 68. Pillai Nambi Tirunaraiyur Arayur 9. Veanti Alwan 24. Kongil Achan 39. Siriya Andan 54. Arunapurathu 69. Pillai Nambi Rajamahendra Perumal Arayar 10. Ananta Alwan 25. Tirukannapurathu 40. Ammangi Andan 55. Marudur Nambi 70. Adhikari Pillai Achan 11. Naduvila Alwan 26. Achan 41. Alavandar Andan 56. Mazhaiyur 71. Tirunagari Pillai Nambi 12. Milagu Alwan 27. Siriya Govinda 42. Sundaratholudaiyar 57. Vaduga Nambi 72. Kumandur Pillai Perumal 13. Neyyunda Alwan 28. Viravalli Perumal 43. Ukkalamma 58. Kuravi Nambi 73. Anantha Somayajiyar 14. Ukkala Alwan 29. Kidambi Perumal 44. Paruthikollai Ammal 59. Pundarikakshar 74. Kanchi Somayajiyar 15. Tirukkoilur Alwan 30. Ammangi Perumal 45. Chottai Ammail 60. Gomaathu Alwan 4 The teachings of Sri Ramanuja were interpreted slightly different by his various disciples leading to sub-sects of Sri Vaishnavism. The particular lineage that led to Srimad Andavan Ashramam is given below: Details of Srimad Andavan Ashramam Continuing the Guru parampara for Srimad Andavan Ashramam, after Sri Ramanjua, we have 11. Kidambi Achan (Pranatharthiran) (1057-1157) 12. AthrEya RAmAnujar 13. AthrEya Ranga Ramanujar (Athreya Rangaraja Pillan) 14. Kidambi AppullAr (1221-1295) 15. Sri Vedantha Desikar2 (1268-1369) 16. Sri Brahmathanthra Swathanthara Swamigal 3(started Parakala Mutt in 1360) Srinivasachariar (a disciple of Sri Brahmathanthra Swathanthra Swamigal) starts Ahobila Mutt in 1398. 17. Gatika Sathakam Ammal (Vathsya Varadha Guru) 18. Varadha VishnuvAcharya 2 Sri Pillai Lokacharyar (1203-1311) was a contemporary of Sri Vedantha Desikar. Sri Ramanuja's teachings were interpreted in slightly different ways by Sri Vedanta Desikan and Sri Pillai Lokacharyar, leading to the Vadagalai and Thengalai sects of Vaishnavites. The main difference between Vadagali and Thengalai is that the Thengalai sect believes that ONLY Sriman Narayana can give Moksha to his devotees, whereas the Vadagalai sect believe that both Sriman Narayana and his consort Sri Mahalakshmi can give Moksha to their devotees. Also, Vadagalai give more importance to 4000 Divya Prabandam and Thengalai give more importance to the Vedas. 3 The teachings of Sri Vedanta Desikan were codified into Vadagalai sampradaya by his disciple Bramhathantra Swathanthra Jeer at Parakala Mutt (Karnataka) in 1360. This subsequently evolved into 3 sub-sects, Ahobila Mutt, Andavan Ashramam and Pundarikapuram Ashramam. Basically there are no difference between the subsects. All of them are following Desika Sampradayam. Andavan Ashrama and Pundarikapuram are descendants of Munithreya Sampradayam. Munitreyam simply means Three Munis, and refers to the three Munis Srimad Natha Muni (824-924), Srimad Yamuna Muni (916-1041) and Srimad Ramanuja Muni (1017-1137). 5 19. MahAdayAdeesar 20. Sirangattur AhobilAchAr 21. Vangipuram Shashta ParAnkusa SwAmy 22. Panchamatha Bhanjanam ThAthAchAriAr 23. Keezh Neerkunnam AnanthAchAriAr 24. RamAnuja swamy 25. Paravasthu VenkatEsachAriar 26. ChithannA VeerarAghavAchAr SwAmy 27. Velamoor Rangapathi Desikar 28. Ranganatha Swamy (KalyAnAvaham SwAmy) 29. sAkshAth SwAmy (starts concept of Munitreya Sampradayam) 30. Srimath Thirukkudanthai Desikan (1700-1782) Sri Vazhathur Andavan was a disciple of Sri Thirukkudanthai Desikan and established the current Andavan Ashramam. It can hence trace its roots back to nearly 300 years. Since then, there have been 11 Acharya's. 6 The names and the period are given below: S.no Period Name of the Acharyas 1 1743 to 1795 Srimad Valuthur Andavan - Sri Vedantha Ramanuja Maha Desikan 2 Dates not Srimad Thiruthurai Poondi - Sri Srinivasa Ramanuja Maha Desikan available Andavan 3 1830 to 1884 Srimad Periyandavan - Sri Srinivasa Maha Desikan 4 1883 to 1894 Srimad Chinnandavan - Sri Paduka Seveka 5 1905 to 1909 Kadanthethi Andavan - Sri Srinivasa Ramanuja Maha Desikan 6 1872 to 1932 Therezhunthur Andavan - Sri Vedantha Ramanuja Maha Desikan 7 1932 to 1947 Sri Aakur Andavan - Sri Srinivasa Maha Desikan 8 1946 to 1963 Thenpirai Andavan - Sri Ranganatha Maha Desikan 9 1963 to 1989 Sri Thirukudanthai Andavan - Srimath Vedantha Ramanuja Maha Desikan 10 1988 to 1989 Sri Mysore Andavan - Sri Srinivasa Ramanuja Maha Desikan 11 From 1989… Sri Mushnam Andavan - Sri Ranga Ramanuja Maha Desikan The current Ashramam head is Sri Srimushnam Andavan, also known as Sri Ranga Ramanuja Maha Desikan, who is the 11th head of the Ashramam since its establishment. The Ashramam head quarters are on the banks of river Kollidam (parallel to Cauvery) in Srirangam, Tamilnadu. In addition to the main Ashramam, several other branches have also been established in many places. The Ashramam for all practical purposes functions as a Mutt and conducts daily poojas, rituals and other activities in conformity with the Pancharatra protocol established by Sri Ramanuja Muni. The Ashramam has also contributed to renovation of old temples, building of new temples, establishment of Sanksrit Patasalas where the Vedas/Sastras/Prabandas/Agamas are taught thus ensuring that the knowledge is not lost to future generations. 7.
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    BHOGA-BHAAGYA-YOGYATA LAKSHMI ( FULFILLMENT AS ONE DESERVES) Edited, compiled, and translated by VDN Rao, Retd. General Manager, India Trade Promotion Organization, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, currently at Chennai 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:-Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers Purana Saaraamsha; Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu Essence of Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana Essence of Paraashara Smtiti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Dharma Bindu Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ; Also ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti Essence of Brahma Sutras Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana- Also Essence of Knowledge of Numbers Essence of Narada Charitra; Essence Neeti Chandrika-Essence of Hindu Festivals and Austerities- Essence of Manu Smriti*- Quintessence of Manu Smriti* - *Essence of Pratyaksha Bhaskara- Essence of Maha Narayanopanishad*-Essence of Vidya-Vigjnaana-Vaak Devi* Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www.
  • Muktinath Temple (Chumig Gyatsa)

    Muktinath Temple (Chumig Gyatsa)

    Muktinath Temple "The holiest of holy Vishnu temple in Mustang District of Nepal" Muktinath Temple (Chumig Gyatsa) District: Mustang Country: Nepal Altitude: 3710 meter Distance: 406 km from Kathmandu Nearest Airport: Jomsom 200 km from Pokhara Name in Hindu: Mukti Kshetra Name in Buddhist: Chumig Gyatsa Divya Desam (premium 106th Shakti Peethams 51st temples) God Worshipped Vishnu Introduction: Muktinath Temple (Chumig Gyatsa) is symbol of the religious symbiosis between both Hindus and Buddhists. Hindu believes that lord Vishnu got salvation from curse of Brinda (wife of Jalandhar) here. Therefore he is worshipped as Muktinath (Lit. the lord of salvation). The holy shrine, which is said to have risen on its own, is one of eight such shrines (the others include Srirangam, Sri Mushnam, Tirupati, Naimisaranyam, Thottadri, Pushkaram and Badrinath). This Pagoda Style Muktinath Temple is also one of 108 Vaishnava shrines. Here in the early 19th century the Hindus consecrated a Vishnu temple and named is Muktinath - Lord of Liberation. Against a backdrop of incredible starkness you can sit and stare to the south the snow covered Annapurna range, or to the north the Tibetan plateau Importances: According to Hindu Myth it is belief that this world is "MAYA" (an illusion) of life cycle of birth and rebirth. Everybody seek to get rid of this cycle and get nirvana. A visit to Muktinath will help to achieve this goal. There are 108 waterspouts in the back yard of this temple called as Muktidhara where froozen water are continuously flowing from the bull head and two Kunda (ponds in front of the temple).
  • South-Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses

    South-Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses

    ASIA II MB- • ! 00/ CORNELL UNIVERSITY* LIBRARY Date Due >Sf{JviVre > -&h—2 RftPP )9 -Af v^r- tjy J A j£ **'lr *7 i !! in ^_ fc-£r Pg&diJBii'* Cornell University Library NB 1001.K92 South-indian images of gods and goddesse 3 1924 022 943 447 AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF MADRAS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. IN INDIA. A. G. Barraud & Co. (Late A. J. Combridge & Co.)> Madras. R. Cambrav & Co., Calcutta. E. M. Gopalakrishna Kone, Pudumantapam, Madura. Higginbothams (Ltd.), Mount Road, Madras. V. Kalyanarama Iyer & Co., Esplanade, Madras. G. C. Loganatham Brothers, Madras. S. Murthv & Co., Madras. G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras. The Superintendent, Nazair Kanun Hind Press, Allahabad. P. R. Rama Iyer & Co., Madras. D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co., Bombay. Thacker & Co. (Ltd.), Bombay. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta. S. Vas & Co., Madras. S.P.C.K. Press, Madras. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. B. H. Blackwell, 50 and 51, Broad Street, Oxford. Constable & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C. Deighton, Bell & Co. (Ltd.), Cambridge. \ T. Fisher Unwin (Ltd.), j, Adelphi Terrace, London, W.C. Grindlay & Co., 54, Parliament Street, London, S.W. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. (Ltd.), 68—74, iCarter Lane, London, E.C. and 25, Museum Street, London, W.C. Henry S. King & Co., 65, Cornhill, London, E.C. X P. S. King & Son, 2 and 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S.W.- Luzac & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. B. Quaritch, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W. W. Thacker & Co.^f*Cre<d Lane, London, E.O? *' Oliver and Boyd, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh.
  • Saranagati Sri Ramanasramam January 2019 Vol. 13, No.1

    Saranagati Sri Ramanasramam January 2019 Vol. 13, No.1

    SARANAGATI JANUARY 2019 SRI RAMANASRAMAM VOL. 13, NO.1 Dev Gogoi Dev JANUARY 2019 IN THIS VOL. 13, NO.1 ISSUE Dear Devotees, As we begin the New Year, early morning Dhanurmasa pujas are underway each day in the Ashram. Sri Janaki Mata (Part I) 3 Unfortunately, this year’s monsoon never really Your Best Shot 4 made it to Tiruvannamalai though other parts of Smt. Padma Sitapati 5 Tamil Nadu got significant rain. Pali Tirtham remains Events at Sri Ramanasramam: Dhanurmasa Chanting 6 dangerously low as the South Indian spring rapidly Events in Tiruvannamalai: Kartigai Deepam Cauldron 7 approaches. Events at Sri Ramanasramam: Ashram Dispensary Lab 8 In this issue, we take a look at the life stories of Events at Sri Ramanasramam: Swami Ramanananda Day 9 Janaki Mata and her daughter, Padma Sitapati (see p. 3ff and p.5ff.). Events at Sri Ramanasramam: Nochur Sri Venkataraman 9 For videos, photos and further news of events, go to Events at Sri Ramanasramam: Lucyma Day 9 http://www.sriramanamaharshi.org or write to us at Events at Sri Ramanasramam: Bhagavan’s 139th Jayanti 10 [email protected] In Sri Bhagavan, The Editorial Team Calendar of Upcoming Events 15th January (Tues) Pongal 15th March (Fri) Sri Vidya Havan 20th Jan (Sun) Punarvasu/Full Moon/Chinnaswami Day 16th March (Sat) Punarvasu 17th February (Sun) Punarvasu 20 March (Weds) Full Moon 19th February (Tues) Full Moon 6th April (Sat) Telugu New Year 23rd February (Sat) Sundaram Iyer Day 12th April (Fri) Punarvasu 4th March (Mon) Mahasivaratri 13th April (Sat) Sri Rama Navami and was left alone with two children, Janaki Mata’s parents suggested the widower—though twice her age —as a potential spouse.
  • Srirangam – Heaven on Earth

    Srirangam – Heaven on Earth

    Srirangam – Heaven on Earth A Guide to Heaven – The past and present of Srirangam Pradeep Chakravarthy 3/1/2010 For the Tag Heritage Lecture Series 1 ARCHIVAL PICTURES IN THE PRESENTATION © COLLEGE OF ARTS, OTHER IMAGES © THE AUTHOR 2 Narada! How can I speak of the greatness of Srirangam? Fourteen divine years are not enough for me to say and for you to listen Yama’s predicament is worse than mine! He has no kingdom to rule over! All mortals go to Srirangam and have their sins expiated And the devas? They too go to Srirangam to be born as mortals! Shiva to Narada in the Sriranga Mahatmaya Introduction Great civilizations have been created and sustained around river systems across the world. India is no exception and in the Tamil country amongst the most famous rivers, Kaveri (among the seven sacred rivers of India) has been the source of wealth for several dynasties that rose and fell along her banks. Affectionately called Ponni, alluding to Pon being gold, the Kaveri river flows in Tamil Nadu for approx. 445 Kilometers out of its 765 Kilometers. Ancient poets have extolled her beauty and compared her to a woman who wears many fine jewels. If these jewels are the prosperous settlements on her banks, the island of Srirangam 500 acres and 13 kilometers long and 7 kilometers at its widest must be her crest jewel. Everything about Srirangam is massive – it is at 156 acres (perimeter of 10,710 feet) the largest Hindu temple complex in worship after Angkor which is now a Buddhist temple.