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Res Publica - Journal of Undergraduate Research Res Publica - Journal of Undergraduate Research Volume 16 Issue 1 Article 1 2011 Res Publica XVI Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/respublica Recommended Citation (2011) "Res Publica XVI," Res Publica - Journal of Undergraduate Research: Vol. 16 Available at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/respublica/vol16/iss1/1 This Prefatory Notes is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Commons @ IWU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this material in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This material has been accepted for inclusion by editorial board of Res Publica and the Political Science Department at Illinois Wesleyan University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ©Copyright is owned by the author of this document. Res Publica XVI This prefatory notes is available in Res Publica - Journal of Undergraduate Research: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/respublica/vol16/iss1/1 U LICA VOLUME XVI 2011 Res Publica is a publication of Pi Sigma Alpha, the Political Science Honor Society. It is funded by the Illinois Wesleyan University Student Senate. Editors: Michael Burgess AmyUden Associate Editors: Kim McDonald Jillian Schmitz RES PUBLICA i TABLE OF CONTENTS Letter from the Department Chair ii Editors' Introduction iii Authors' Biographies iv Supreme Court Responsiveness: An Analysis of Individual Justice Voting Behavior 1 and the Role of Public Opinion Michael Browning What's the Hang Up?: Exploring the Effect of Postmaterialism on Hung Parliaments 14 Jennifer Biess WhatWill Tip the Scale?: Toward a Theoryfor Understanding Democratic Transition in Iran 35 Sara Ghadiri Redistricting Effect in a Non-Partisan World: Toward a Theory of Reapportionment at the 59 County Board Level of Government Amy Uden European Integration: A Plan to Make the Grade 80 Megan Weinstein Prospects for Peace and Democracy: Power-Sharing in Sub-Saharan Africa 99 Michael Burgess Introduction to the Classical Political Thought Essays 120 Exceptions to the Rule of Law 121 Michael Browning The Limits of Civil Disobedience 123 Chris Schaeffer Zinn and Fortas: Fair Play and Civil Disobedience 125 Sara Ghadiri ii RES PUBLICA LEITER FROM THE DEPARTMENT CHAIR Volume XVI of Res Publica has arrived! For that we can thank the hard work of its student editors, especially co-editors Amy U den and Michael Burgess. They have chosen capitols from here and abroad and from ancient times to the present to grace the cover: an appropriate choice given their conscious effort to produce a journaloffering analysis on classical and contemporary themes and featuring international and American locales. The impressive quality and variety of papers contained in this volume reflects the students' efforts, but it also reflects the culture of academic excellence the department as a whole has developed over the years. The culture is maintained by the faculty's commitment to a particular institution, the two-course sequence beginning with research methods and ending with the senior seminar. It is in these classes that students learn to channel their intellectual curiosity about the world into researchable questions, normative frameworks, and empirical models. The department is subject to the same forces we study: institutions shape our culture and culture anchors our institutions. A short inventory indicates the amazing array of interests our culture of intellectual curiosity has created. From the national arena to the local venue in the US, and from international institutions to values among world nations, the range and variety of the topics studied is stunning. IWU political science students in this volume explore many unexpected places from Sub-Saharan Africa to Australia - even the "dark continent" of their own backyard, e.g., the McLean County Board. Inreading this journal, you will move from the influence of the public mood on the US Supreme Court, to the impact of postmaterialist values on "hung" parliaments in Northern Europe and Canada, to an understanding of what will be required for Iran to transition to democracy. Intellectual curiosity is indeed alive and well in our department. It ranges far and wide. Please let your own curiosity do the same as you peruse these pages. James Simeone April 2011 Bloomington RES PUBLICA iii EDITORS' INTRODUCTION In assembling Res Publica XVI, we have had the honor of engaging a span of scholarly work that is broad in both method and substance. Perhaps more than any other edition, this year's journal represents many of the unique research threads that make up the discipline of political science. The concept of "res publica" itself also suggests the dynamic and diverse character of political science. The phrase itself has been used in incredibly diverse contexts, from the title of the early Roman political writings of Cicero, to the name of a contemporary Estonian populist party. The world has been witness to much of the power and volatility of politics in the year 2011, making it all the more evident that political scholarship requires continued commitment to intellectual inquiry, in order to further our understanding of this dynamic field. Res Publica, as one of the few undergraduate scholarly journals in existence, provides a unique venue for nascent scholars to contribute to the intellectual dialogue. Our contributing authors have used the skills they have developed during their undergraduate careers to create original research, tackling issues from the international realm to the local level of government. We offer our thanks and congratulations to these contributing authors for their willingness to engage the scholarly dialogue, building upon their already excellent academic accomplishments. Furthermore, we express our appreciation to Kim McDonald and Jillian Schmitz for their dedication and patience in assisting us with the creation of Res Publica. We also thank the Illinois Wesleyan political science faculty for entrusting us with the task of assembling a journal that is not only a representation of the diversity of our department, but also of our larger university. This product, created by the hard work of Wesleyan students, represents the outgrowth of the faculty's investment in our intellectual development and of their continued support throughout the editorial process. Michael Burgess & Amy Uden iv RES PUBLICA AUTHORS' BIOGRAPHIES Michael Browning is a senior Political Science major. He currently works for the City of Bloomington Legal Department and enjoys the public service aspect of his job. His research interests focus on the Supreme Court of the United States, especially in relation to public opinion. His work is fueled by his belief that in a constitutional democracy, it is vital to question if the law truly is anonymous and above the people, or if it is subject to the times and popular sentiment. Michael is also an avid St. Louis Cardinals fan, and enjoys spending time pursuing his interests in music and politics. In the near future, Michael plans to attend law school to pursue his strong interest in constitutional law and human rights. Jennifer Biess is a senior at Illinois Wesleyan University, and will graduate in May of 2011 with a double major in Political Science and Sociology. She interned in the Scottish Parliament researching affordable housing issues in the Highlands, and participated in the summer internship program at the National Opinion Research Center (NORC). She is a member of various groups on campus, including Phi Beta Kappa and Phi Kappa Phi. After graduation, Jennifer plans to pursue a career and further her education in policy research. Sara Ghadiri graduated in December 2010 with a double major in Political Science and Philosophy and a minor in Music. A member of Phi Beta Kappa, she served on the Executive Board for Sigma Alpha Iota Music Fraternity, as Vice President for Pi Sigma Alpha Honor Society, and was a former Editor of Res Publica. Sara spent the summer of 2009 in Iran collecting data for the project published in this journal, and it was accepted and presented at the 2011 Illinois Political Science Association Conference. Sara will be attending University of Iowa College of Law this fall where she hopes to pursue a JD with a concentration in International Law. Amy Uden is a senior Political Science major and History minor, and works as a Political Science Lab Assistant. She has been involved in several campus organizations, including Pi Sigma Alpha, Phi Beta Kappa, and other honors societies, as well as music groups, College Republicans, and especially DRL campus Christian ministry. Amy also studied abroad in 2009 with the IWU Madrid Program. Her research interests include political theory, religion and politics, and redistricting. She has worked with the McLean County Administrator's office as a Budget Analysis Intern, and hopes to continue to work in state or local government following graduation, along with possibly pursuing a graduate degree. RES PUBLICA v Megan Weinstein is a senior at Illinois Wesleyan University, and will graduate in May of 2011 with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Political Science. Her interests include inter-governmental organizations and peace and conflict reconciliation. Megan participated in the Technos International Week in Tokyo, Japan during the summer of 2009, studied abroad with the European Union program based out of Freiburg, Germany the spring of 2010, and will be traveling to France for May Term of 2011 to study French political culture. Megan also worked with the Lamu Center of Preventative Health as part of an Action Research internship the spring of 2011. After graduation, she plans to return to Europe to pursue her Master's Degree in Global Studies.
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