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Hydraulic Properties of the Surficial Aquifer at Five Selected Sites in the Little Contentnea Creek Basin, North Carolina, 2002–03

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Hydraulic Properties of the Surficial Aquifer at Five Selected Sites in the Little Contentnea Creek Basin, North Carolina, 2002–03 Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Hydraulic Properties of the Surficial Aquifer at Five Selected Sites in the Little Contentnea Creek Basin, North Carolina, 2002–03 Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5238 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover. Truck-mounted drill rig used to install wells at aquifer-test sites in the Little Contentnea Creek basin, North Carolina. Hydraulic Properties of the Surficial Aquifer at Five Selected Sites in the Little Contentnea Creek Basin, North Carolina, 2002–03 By Douglas G. Smith and Melinda J. Chapman Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5238 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior Gale A. Norton, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey P. Patrick Leahy, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2005 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS--the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Smith, D.G., and Chapman, M.J., 2005, Hydraulic properties of the surficial aquifer at five selected sites in the Little Contentnea Creek basin, North Carolina, 2002–03: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5238, 104 p. iii Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 1 General Description of the Study Area .............................................................................................3 Purpose and Scope .................................................................................................................3 Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................3 Methods...........................................................................................................................................................5 Site Selection.........................................................................................................................................5 Well Placement and Construction .....................................................................................................5 Pump System .........................................................................................................................................8 Preliminary Tests ...................................................................................................................................9 Aquifer Tests ..........................................................................................................................................9 Slug Tests .............................................................................................................................................11 Data Analysis .......................................................................................................................................11 Hydraulic Properties of the Surficial Aquifer in Selected Topographic Settings ..............................12 Triangle Site (Upland or Hilltop) ........................................................................................................12 Test Design ..................................................................................................................................14 Results of the First Aquifer Test, September 2002 .......................................................19 Results of the Second Aquifer Test, October 2002 ......................................................22 Results of the Third Aquifer Test, March 2003 .............................................................24 Slug Tests ...........................................................................................................................26 Barrett’s Farm Site (Hillside or Slope) .............................................................................................26 Test Design ..................................................................................................................................26 Results ................................................................................................................................26 Slug Tests ...........................................................................................................................31 Scuffleton Site (Hillside or Slope) ....................................................................................................33 Test Design ..................................................................................................................................34 Results ................................................................................................................................34 Slug Tests ...........................................................................................................................38 Ballards Crossroads Site (Valley Flat or Flood Plain) ....................................................................41 Test Design ..................................................................................................................................42 Results ................................................................................................................................42 Slug Tests ...........................................................................................................................42 Farmville Site (Valley Flat or Flood Plain) ........................................................................................48 Test Design ..................................................................................................................................49 Results ................................................................................................................................49 Slug Tests ...........................................................................................................................55 Summary........................................................................................................................................................55 References ....................................................................................................................................................56 Appendix 1. Slug-test results for wells at each of the five aquifer-test sites in the Little Contentnea Creek basin, North Carolina, 2002–03 ......................................59 iv Figures 1. Locations of surficial aquifer-test study sites in the Little Contentnea Creek basin of North Carolina ................................................................................................................2 2. Hydrogeologic cross section of area from Johnston County to Pamlico County, North Carolina ...............................................................................................................................4 3. Photograph of truck-mounted drill rig used to install wells at aquifer-test sites ..............5 4. Photographs of (A) North Carolina Geological Survey personnel collecting core samples at the Triangle aquifer-test site in the Little Contentnea Creek basin and (B) sediment samples after being placed in plastic-lined storage boxes ...........................6 5. Generalized illustration of typical well construction used for shallow and deep test wells ..............................................................................................................................7 6. Photograph of an observation well being developed using compressed air in the Little Contentnea Creek basin ..............................................................................................8 7. Photograph of trailer-mounted generator that was used to supply electricity to the pump and data-recording equipment at the aquifer-test sites in the Little Contentnea Creek basin ..........................................................................................8 8. Photograph of control box used to regulate variable-speed submersible pumps during preliminary pumping tests and aquifer tests conducted in the Little Contentnea Creek basin ..............................................................................................................9 9. Graphical method used to determine sustainable pumping rate during preliminary testing ......................................................................................................................10 10. Photograph of instrumentation and recording equipment at the Triangle
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