2017-09-06 HVDC – Enabling a stronger, smarter and greener grid
Peter Lundberg, Global Product Manager Market challenges addresses by HVDC transmission Environmentally friendly grid expansion
Integration of renewable energy – Remote hydro – Offshore wind – Solar power
Grid reinforcement – For increased trading – Share spinning reserves – To support intermittent renewable energy Transmission technologies Same power being transmitted
A footprint comparison
Traditional HVDC overhead line overhead line with HVAC
Overhead lines Underground improved with with FACTS HVDC Light cable HVDC or HVAC? Investment costs versus distance Investment costs Total AC cost
Total DC cost
DC terminal costs AC terminal costs
Distance Critical distance What is an HVDC transmission system ?
HVDC converter station < 10200 MW, Classic HVDC converter station < 10200 MW, Classic Submarine cables
Overhead lines Customer’s GridCustomer’s
Two conductors GridCustomer’s
HVDC converter station < 3600 MW, Light HVDC converter station < 3600 MW, Light
Land or submarine cables Customer’s GridCustomer’s Customer’s GridCustomer’s Power / energy direction HVDC technologies
What makes HVDC special? What makes HVDC Light special?
– Lower investment – Underground and lower losses cables for bulk power transmission – Easy permits – Asynchronous – Connection to interconnections passive loads – Improved – Enhancement of transmission in connected AC parallel AC networks circuits – Independent – Instant and control of active precise power and reactive flow control power flow – 3 times more – Short delivery power in a ROW times than AC HVDC is a growing technology Applications
Connecting remote generation Interconnecting grids Offshore wind connections
Power from shore City center infeed DC links in AC grids HVDC Light Technical development
MW kV 2500 600
500 2000 Skagerrak 4 400 700 MW 1500 500 kV 300 DolWin1 1000 200 800 MW ± 320 kV 500 100 East-West Interconnector 500 MW 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2012 Caprivi ± 200 kV 300 MW + 350 kV BorWin1 400 MW Cross Sound Estlink ± 150 kV Gotland 330 MW 350 MW Hällsjön 50 MW ± 150 kV ± 150 kV 3 MW ± 80 kV ± 10 kV HVDC technologies Transmission capacity
Udc (kV) 1,100 1,000 900 800 HVDC Light 700 with overhead lines 600 HVDC Classic with overhead lines 500 HVDC 400 Light HVDC Classic 300 with with mass impregnated extruded cable 200 cable 100 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Performance Power rating range
POWER (MW)
VOLTAGE (kV) Recent VSC project operational examples 20 years operational and service experience from 21 project in operation and delivery
Troll 3-4, 2015. 2x50 MW ±66 kV HVDC. Power from shore Dolwin 2, 2017. 900 MW ± 320 kV HVDC. Offshore wind
Åland, 2015. 100 MW ±80 kV HVDC. Small scale, black start Skagerrak 4, 2014. 700 MW 500 kV HVDC. Hybrid LCC+VSC Footprint and layout Complement the environment or a feature in the landscape Footprint and layout Lower losses through continuous optimization
How is it done? • Increased voltage rating • Cutting-edge, bi-mode insulated gate transistor (BIGT) • Optimized switching • Modular multi-level converter (MMC) technology • Very low no-load losses Project Execution Over 110 projects and over 60 years experience in the most challenging environments in the world
NORTH AMERICA EUROPE ASIA CU Upgrade 2019 North Sea Link 2021 North East Agra 2016 Maritime Link 2017 NordLink 2020 Jinping - Sunan 2013 Québec – New England Kriegers Flak CSG 2019 Hülünbeir- Liaoning 2010 Upgrade 2016 Johan Svedrup 2019 Lingbao II Extension 2010 Madawaska Upgrade 2016 Caithness - Moray 2018 Xiangjiaba-Shanghai 2010 Celilo Upgrade 2016 Gotland Upgrade 2018 Three Gorges-Shanghai 2006 Eel River Upgrade 2014 Kontek Upgrade 2016 Vizag II 2005 Oklaunion 2014 Troll 1&2, 3&4 2015 Three Gorges- Mackinac 2014 BorWin 1 2015 Guangdong 2004 Railroad DC Tie 2014 DolWin 1, 2 2015 Three Gorges- IPP Upgrade 2010 Åland 2015 Changzhou 2002 Blackwater 2009 NordBalt 2015 ChaPad 1999 Outaouais 2009 LitPol Link 2015 Rihand-Dehli 1990 Sharyland 2007 Skagerrak 4 2014 Gezhouba-Shanghai 1989 Square Butte Upgrade 2004 East West Intercon. 2013 Vindhyachal 1989 Rapid City 2003 Sapei 2011 Sakuma 1965 Cross Sound 2002 Valhall 2011 Eagle Pass 2000 NorNed 2008 AFRICA Quebec-New England 1990 Estlink 2006 Inga-Kolwesi Upgrade 2016 Pacific Intertie Exp. 1989 Italy - Greece 2001 Cahora Bassa Upgrade 2015 Intermountain 1986 Tjæreborg 2000 Caprivi Link 2010 Pacific Intertie Upgr. 1985 SwePol 2000 Apollo Upgrade 2008 Highgate 1985 Gotland Light 1999 Inga - Kolwezi 1982 Châteauguay 1984 Hällsjön 1997 Cahora Bassa 1977 CU-project 1979 Kontek 1995 Nelson River 2 1978 Baltic Cable 1994 Pacific Intertie 1970 SOUTH AMERICA FennoSkan 1&2 1989 AUSTRALIA AND OCEANIA Vancouver Isl. Pole 1 1968 Rio Madeira 2013 Dürnrohr 1983 Murraylink 2002 Rio Maderia Back-to-back 2013 Skagerrak 1-3 1976 Directlink 2000 Brazil-Argentina Gotland 1-3 1970 Leyte-Luzon 1997 Interconnection I & II 1999 Konti-Skan 1965 Broken Hill 1986 Itaipu 1984 English Channel 1955 New Zealand 1&2 1965
Kriegers Flak Combined Grid Solution (KF CGS) HVDC Connecting Renewable Energy while solving grid stability
Main data
Customer 50Hertz Transmission GmbH and Energinet.dk SOV
Customer needs • Security of supply • Meet EU’s target for CO2 reduction • Trade • Connection of offshore wind energy ABB’s response • Turnkey 410 MW HVDC Light® back-to-back station
Customer benefits • Security of supply • Advanced control of the Combined Grid Solution
Year • 2019 North Sea Network Enabling trading of renewable energy
Main data
Customer Statnett SF in Norway National Grid NSL Link Ltd
Customer needs • Security of supply • Meet EU´s target for CO2 reduction • Trade
ABB’s response • Two 1,400 MW, ±525 kV HVDC Light® converter stations
Customer benefits • Security of supply • Daily and seasonal fluctuations in power demand can be met by using the other country’s renewable surplus power Year • 2021 Johan Sverdrup Environmental optimized Power from Shore
Main data
Customer Statoil
Customer needs • Enable power supply from mainland to platform complex to minimize emission of large amounts of CO2
ABB’s response • Two 100 MW ±80 kV HVDC Light converter stations
Customer benefits • Reliable power supply • Better and safer work environment on platform • Lower operation and maintenance costs
Year • 2019 NordLink Trading of renewable energy and grid stabilty
Main data
Customer NordLink Norge AS, owned by Statnett in Norway and DC Nordseekabel GmbH & Co. owned by TenneT and KfW in Germany Customer needs • Meet EU’s target for CO2 reduction • Security of supply
ABB’s response • Two 1,400 MW, ±525 kV HVDC Light® converter stations • 525 kV DC subsea and land MI cables for over 200 km of the route
Customer benefits • Daily and seasonal fluctuations in power demand can be met by using the other country’s renewable surplus power • Higher availability Year • 2020 NordLink Connecting AC-grid in a smart way
Key features
Configuration +/- 525 kV, 1400 MW Asymmetrical Bipole DC overhead line and cable
Primary function • Energy transfer between two asynchronous grid
Control features • AC voltage control • Low voltage ride through • Adopted for combined OHL and cable on DC side
Additional benefits • Small footprint 168 * 220 m • Black Start capability
Year • 2020 Maritime Link Enabling connecting more renewable
Main data
Customer NSP Maritime Link (Emera)
Customer needs • Integrate renewable generation into the the North American grid
ABB’s response • Bipole HVDC Light solution • Two 500 MW HVDC Light stations • Two AC substations at 230 kV • One AC substation at 345 kV
Customer benefits • Improved grid stability • Power sharing enabled
Year • 2017 Caithness Moray HVDC link Solve large scale renewable integration
Main data
Customer Scottish Hydro Electric Transmission Ltd (SHETL)
Customer needs • Strengthening power network
ABB’s response • Two HVDC Light converter stations, 1,200 MW and 800 MW • Submarine and underground cable transmission of nearly 160 kilometers
Customer benefits • Enable integration of renewable energy
Year • 2018 Mackinac Avoid bottle necks and increase grid stability
Main data
Customer ATC
Customer needs • Power flow control and allow for integration of additional renewable energy in the State of Michigan ABB’s response • Turnkey 200 MW HVDC Light® back-to-back station
Customer benefits • Enhanced network stability • Islanded operation possible • Black-start – restarting the grid after a black-out • Automatic power reduction at disturbances Year • 2014 Skagerrak 4 Increase trading – enable grid restoration
Main data
Customer Energinet.dk and Statnett
Customer needs • Boost transmission capacity with 700 MW • Use electricity more efficiently • Enable networks to add more renewable energy ABB’s response • Two 700 MW HVDC Light stations • 500 kV – new voltage record for the HVDC Light technology Customer benefits • Network stability • Low losses and high reliability • Quick grid restoration with black- start capability Year • 2014 Skagerrak 4 Norway ̶ Denmark Skagerrak 4 Black Start operation proven in field Caprivi Link Interconnector Connecting two weak network – enabling power transfer
Main data
Customer NamPower
Customer needs • Connect the grid in the north west with the grid in the central parts of the country
ABB’s response • Turnkey 350 kV 300 MW HVDC Light® • Option for another 300 MW • First HVDC Light® with overhead lines
Customer benefits • Stability in two very weak AC networks • Enables future power trading in the expansive region of southern Africa Year • 2010 Caprivi Link Interconnector Namibia Thanks for your attention!