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AIA's Belgium tour o Ticknall potteries o the President calls o Big Pit prize North Sea oil recording o regional news o publications The AIA visit to Belgium

The AIA tour took place on 18-22 April 2005, buildings were demolished, the central buildings when a party of 31 members of the AIA and its survived and after considerable tribulations and 4:$ affiliated societies visited a number of varied decay have been restored or at least INDUSTRIAL industrial archaeological sites in Belgium. As consolidated. Less fortunately, very little survives always our sincere thanks go to Paul Saulter for to illustrate the industrial functions of the ARCHAEOLOGY his impeccable arrangements, but also to Sue buildings, which are either empty shells or Hayton for providing the tour notes and acting as converted to art gallery conference centre and NEWS T34 guide and Paul the driver for good temperedly offices. A video presentation does give some idea Autumn ZOO5 overcoming the inevitable problems of visiting lA oJ the site when working. sites. Surrounding the central complex is a a Honorary President substantial planned village of 425 houses of far Prof Angus Buchanan David Alderton higher standard than normal either in Belgium or 13 Hensley Road, Bath BA2 2DR Britain at this time, or, indeed, much later. Each Chairman Prof Marilyn Palmer 0n a somewhat soggy Monday morning our party house had six rooms, a garden and its own toilet, 5chool of Archaeology and Ancient History, University gathered on a pavement near Victoria awaiting with a well and oven for every ten houses. Later of Leicester, Leicester LEl 7RH run Dover additions to the estate included a school, library, Vice-Chairman the coach. and then an untroubled to Mike Bone saw us catching an earlier than booked ferry, baths, hospital and communal hall, and there are Sunnyside, Avon Close, Keynsham, Bristol 853'l 2UL albeit one delayed by berthing problems at two open squares. The village survives more or Secretary the houses are now in multiple Barry Hood Calais. 0nce in France we made for our first site, less intact, though 7 Loch Way, Kemnay, Inverurie, Aberdeenshire AB51 5QZ the Les Fontinettes boat lift in Arques, just outside ownership with individual'improvements' which Treasurer St Omer, Here we picked up the final member of partially conceal the unity of design. Richard Hartree quarry Stables Cottage, Sibford Fenis, Banbury 0X1 5 5RE the party, and visited the little display and In the afternoon we visited a working lA Review Editor museum within the buildings of the lift. This lift is at Carrieres du Hainaut. This extracts Belgian blue Dr David Gwyn very much 'son of Anderton', and used hydraulic limestone, or 'Pierre bleue' from a quarry 200 Nant y Felin, Llanllyfni Road, Pen y Groes, Caernarfon LL54 6LY power until it was replaced by a modern deep hectares in area and 100 metres deep. First 'l lA News Editor lock in 967 and went out of use. Unfortunately opened in 1 888, it takes out 1 40,000 cubic metres Dr Peter StanieI most machinery was not accessible, but the a year. Most of this is sawn into slabs on site by 49 Breach Lane, Shaftesbury Dorset 5P7 8LF of the Affiliated Societies Officer structure is indubitably impressive and was easy giant multiple saws, and then cut down to Prof Ray Riley IO VICW. standard sizes, For decorative use these are then 8 Queen's Keep, Clarence Parade, Southsea P05 3NX day first visited Le Grand highly polished, 0ur guide had good English, and Conference Secretary The following we Tony Parkes Hornu to view the impressive remains of a very so the tour took longer than anticipated because 60 School Lane, Hill Ridware, Rugeley W51 5 3QN early planned coal and iron-working township. of the questions asked and everyone's fascination Endangered Sites Officer massive machinery. Dr Mike Nevell Between 1816 and 1835 a remarkable architect- with the University of Manchester Archaeology Unit, University designed central workshop area in Neo-Classical On Wednesday morning we visited the mine of Manchester, Oxford Road, lVlanchester M1 3 9PL style was erected, with furnaces, foundry, and village at Bois de Luc. Here the mine Librarian and Archivist an iohn Powell engineering workshops, stabling and vehicle buildings largely survive and are now do IGMT, lronbridge, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7DQ sheds united into a very grand design. There is ecomuseum. Unfortunately, our application for a Publicity Officer certainly nothing like it in Britain. Fortunately, tour had been refused, though in practice we Jonathan Briggs 46 Arrowsmith Drive, Stonehouse GL10 2QR when the complex closed in 1954 and the colliery could wander freely around many of the ancillary Recording Awards Officer Dr Victoria Beauchamp 3 Parsonage Court, Parsonage Crescent, Walkley, Sheffield 56 5BJ Sales Officer Roger Ford Barn Cottage, Bridge Street, Bridgnorth WVI 5 6AF Council Members David Alderton (Heritage Link) Christine Ball Dr Robert Can (BA Awards) Dr Paul Collins (Partnerships) Tony Crosby (co-opted) David Lyne (Conservation Award) Michael Messenger Dr Mary Mills Dr Miles 0glethorpe (TlCClH) Paul Saulter (E-FAITH) Honorary Vice-Presidents Sir Neil Cossons lohn Hume Stuart B. Smith Liaison Officer Simon Thomas AIA 0ffice, 5chool of Archaeology and Ancient History University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH I 01 16 252 5337, Fax:01 1 6 252 5005 e-mail:AlA@le ac uk Website: www.industrial-archaeology org uk

COVER PICTURE Koepe winding tower at Peronnes colliery, Eelgium, visited by the AlA. See this page Photo, Stephen Miles Les Fontinettes boat lift. Aroues Photo: Stephen Miles

2 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEWS 134 buildings and exhibits. The mine itself was sunk between 1835 and 1846, when production started, lt closed in 1959. The mine buildings are well preserved, the most unusual feature being the gates: twin iron towers in each case, with a lifting door between them. However, the village of 162 houses was well worth seeing. All the houses are owned by a co-operative and had been recently restored in a consistent style, and the uniformity was impressive. Again, the housing quality was quite good, though not up to Grand Hornu. A school was provided, a park with grandstand and a Salle des Fetes. This we managed to enter to find a very impressive hall/theatre, wlth a capacity of 1,000. This had replaced the original hall in I923. Despite a group of ladies rehearsing for a spring concert we were given a guided toul at the end of which Mike Bone found himself making a speech of thanks. Fortunately one of our party had good enough French to helo him outl Lunch was taken at the next site, the Cantine A railwav ouzzle at Les Fontinettes boat lift Phob fony Yoward des ltaliens, where a rather ramshackle set of huts had been erected to accommodate some of the 77,000 ltalian workers recruited between 1 946 and 1 949 to solve a severe labour shortage in Belgium's mines. Two of these had been furnished to show the conditions of the workers. A communal restaurant still serves very good food with a marked ltalian bias. Indeed, in both Mons and Charleroi the number and quality of Italian restaurants was very noticeable, and many of the party patronised them for an evening meal. In the afternoon canals took over, first visiting the four boat lifts at La Louviere, again of the Anderton hydraulic type. These lifts are on the Canal du Centre, the need for which was agreed as early as 1810. However, political and technical problems delayed completion for over a century. The main technical problem was a fall of nearly 90 metres in a district where surface water was very scarce, which made conventional locks unsuitable. Anderton offered a solution. and the first lift was completed in 1888. However, furlher progress was impeded by abandoned mines and Foundry and assembly shop, Grand Hornu Photo Stephen Miles shafts along the route, and not until 1909 did work on the final three lifts recommence. The First World War probably hastened completion, as the Germans took over the project to improve the transport of supplies to their front line, and the canal opened in 1917. Sadly, the flight has been out of use since 2001 when the top lift was severely damaged after an equipment failure led to one caisson beginning to rise while a peniche was leaving it, the boat jamming underneath the raised gate. However. funds have at last been found to restore the lift. and work commenced a few weeks before our visit, though it is likely to take three years to complete. Some of the party walked down to the next lift, noting a preserved electric locomotive used for towing boats between the lifts en route. Helpfully, the numerous information panels all have an English translation. Lifts two and three are close to each other and between them stands a building housing the hydraulic machinery to power both lifts. We were shown around this, which contains the original turbine pumps and Canal boat lift at La Louviere Photo Michael Messenger

INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 3 hydraulic accumulators, made by Cockerill of Seraing, which are still used. Some idea of the scale of each of these lifts is given by the loaded weight of each caisson of over 1,000 tons and a rise of well over 50 feet. Quite properly, the four lifts are now a World Heritage Site. For commercial traffic the flight has been replaced with a new cut and aqueduct leading to the Strepy-Thieu Canal Lift. This huge structure can lift or drop 1,350-ton barges through a height of over 73 metres. The new link took nearly 40 years to build, finally opening in 2001 . We drove round this, but did not go over it, prefening to make for the inclined plane at Ronouieres before it closed to visitors. This was opened in 1962 and raises 1,350-ton barges up 58 metres, using caissons hauled up a 1,432 metre incline rather than a direct lift. lt also has a 125-metre high tower at the top which affords incredible views even on the rather hazy day we were there, and is a popular tourist destination. Power comes from electricity turbines fed from the upper level. Viewing the extensive workings of the Hainaut blue limestone quarry Photo: Michael Messenaer 0n Thursday, after a brief look at the site where Ernest Solvay first manufactured soda (only the large 1930s social centre remains), we proceeded to another coal mine, Bois du Cazier. Here the headstocks and some mine buildings are preserved and are in part a rather nice and well explained museum collection illustrating the history of industrial development in the area. The other part is an account ol and memorial to, Belgium's worst mining disaster in 1956 when 262 Belgians and ltalians died in a pit fire caused essentially by sloppy working practices and a management little concerned with safety. The history and causes of the disaster are well explained and there is moving testimony from some of the survivors and rescuers. Like most of the sites we visited, there are English explanations. The rest of the day consisted of brief visits: to the fine Gothic Binche Station, to the dramatic ruins of a giant reinforced concrete coal washing plant at Peronnes, built under the Marshall plan, to a 1920s brewery (sadly no longer brewing) and fravelling crane at Hainaut quarry Photo: Stephen Miles the to admire - and get filthy from - the enormous steel works in Charleroi. We saw this from every angle: the Charleroi gyratory traffic system is indeed a wonder. Our final day had only one visit, to Claeyssens gin distillery at Wambrechies. Unfortunately it had stopped working for the summer and, like similar visits in Britain, the presentation was well polished but simplistic, with limited opportunities for questions. However, there was some interesting old equipment in a distillery which opened in 1817 using a then new technology. One oddity was that they now seem to be producing whisky in the same stills, the only apparent difference being the ingredients. As always the sampling session was popular, with most interest in the many flavoured gins made as appetisers rather than liqueurs. An early finish made time for a late elevenses drinking coffee and eating cream cakes by the nearby river while watching the peniches pass on a beautiful sunny day. lt was then time to set off home, aniving at Victoria virtually on the dot. Colliery workers' housing, Eois de Luc Photo: David Aldefton

4 INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEWS 134 lnspecting the putnptng equipment to power the hydrauhc machinery of three of the lifts at Colliery headstocks at Bois du Caziel La Louviere Photo Peter Brown Photo Michael [Wessenger

The preserved site al ?oi> du Cazpr Photo David Alderton The | 900s railway station at Binche Photo Stephen Miles

Why they really went to Belqium Gin-tasting at the Claeyssens gin dtsttllery, Wambrethies A quiet nornent studying the roller mill at the Claeyssens Distillery Photo Peter Brown Photo Lony Yoward VISIT THE AIA WEBSITE www. industrial-archaeology. org. uk Our website contains information (fn the Association for Industrial Archaeology, including Membership, Abstracts of Industrial Archaeology Review, Arvards, Conf'erences, Affiliated Societies and Sales. The Diar.y gives notice of evcnts, day-schools and cont'erences, often in more detail than can be published in Industrial Archaeology News. Links give access to other societies, museums and organisations in the world of industrial archaeology.

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 5 Ticknall potteries and Ashby industries

The 68th East Midlands lndustrial Archaeology However, many leases were granted post development of the North West Leicestershire Conference held in Ashby de la Zouch on 16 enclosure awards. The more probable cause of the coalfield provided financial stability for the canal )ctober 2004 was hosted by the Leicester decline was that Stoke developed specialist for many years but was ultimately the cause of lndustrial History Society. The Ticknall potteries factories with skilled workers, allied with the failure of the northern stretches. The canal and Ashby industries were given a thorough technical innovation and proto factories for company sold out to the Midland Railway in treatment by the conference speakers, followed production. The Ticknall industry stagnated with 1 846. Progressive acute damage at the northern by visits to sites around Swadlincote. businesses being passed on within a family and end caused its closure, initially at Moira but then son continuing with the practices and techniques progressive abandonment to Donnisthorpe, the Mark Sissons that their forefathers had followed. The family Measham, lllot Wharf and ultimately to industry did not have access to sources of finance middle of a field north of Snarestone. The Ashby The first speakers of the day were Janet Spavold and did not invest in any expansion. This and Canal was then designated a remainder and Sue Brown who gave a joint presentation on relatively poor transport led to a slow but steady waterway but determined work by a group of Ticknall Pottery from the fifteenth to the decline. lt is fascinating to contemplate the enthusiasts who Jormed the Ashby Canal Society nineteenth century. The industry in Ticknall difference between the current prestige led to the continuation of commercial coal developed before the Staffordshire industry and commuter village outside Derby and what might carrying from GopsallWharf through to the paper both finds and records suggest that it was on a have happened had its industry developed. mills at Aspley on the Grand Union Canal. far greater scale then previously thought. The Wendy Freer spoke next on the industry of Progressive rebuilding has now produced nearly 2 investigation has been driven by a mixture of field Ashby de le Zouch. Ashby was always principally miles of isolated but navigable canal at the walking which has identified pottery waster a rural market town but was the centre of a northern end around Moira and currently a from dumps, looking at site f inds from many substantial area of coal mining and clay transport and works act for the length archaeological digs, viewing thousands of extraction, Named after the Breton Zouch family Snarestone to Measham is moving steadlly probate inventories and other documentary in the twelfth century, its manor house was only forward. evidence. The complete work is to be published fortified to form the present castle by the ln the afternoon visits were made to sites in next year. Early references to Ticknall suggest that Hastings family in the fifteenth century. As with South Derbyshire. Janet Spavold led a walk there has been potting in the area since at least so many castles it was slighted after the civil war. around the potteries on the edge of the common the twelfth century; the combination of good clay The development as a market town saw typical between Swadlincote and Church Gresley. This and coal providing the essential raw materials. In industries with a high skill base such as jewellery area has seen its profile dramatically reshaped by the 1 540s there were seven active potteries in the and clock making emerge but the town continued successive rounds of coal and clay extraction to Ticknall area, Staffordshire had only three in the to remain gentrified through the Industrial the extent that the current contours bear no whole county, one in Tunstall and two in Burslem. Revolution. In the 1851 census clothing and resemblance to those of over two centuries ago. However in the seventeenth century the Ticknall leather production were employing 19% of the At the southern edge of the area a group of area moved from seven to 12 potteries while town's work force. Several tanyards developed to potteries survive still producing sanitary ware and Staffordshire increased to 67, with Burslem as the the North West of the current town centre. Both earthen ware including Greens characteristic blue dominant centre. By the late seventeenth century the leather and the allied boot and shoe industry and white striped Cornish ware. These works Ticknall was in decline and the Stoke area was declined through the late nineteenth century in incorporate five surviving bottle kilns. The drive forging ahead. The Ticknall potteries never made the face of the competition from South into Swadlincote passes the currently sadly the transition from small scale family production Leicestershire. The framework knitting industry so derelict showroom of the Bretby Art Pottery. to large scale commercial enterprise.The numbers dominant in much of Leicestershire made little ln the centre of Swadlincote the former employed in North Staffordshire rose from 92 to impact, Felkin records 14 frames in 1844. In the derelict works of Sharpe's pottery has been 406 through the seventeenth century. The range 1851 census only a few glove knitters are successfully converted by a charitable trust into a of products produced in Ticknall was huge, recorded. Although a cotton mill is recorded in museum, visitor and community arts centre. Those everything from egg cups to chimney pots. The Bath Street at the end of the eighteenth century attending the conference were treated to a brief potteries moved from complex highly decorated and ribbon manufactories were present in the history of the emergence of the South Derbyshire Cistercian ware in the sixteenth century to basic town none of these developed further, pottery industry. Sharpe's itself had principally cheap household articles in the eighteenth Current industries developed first from a produced sanitary ware with its fame coming century with much outdoor pottery and basic soap works started on the site of one of the from the development of the rim flow flush now useful household articles including dairy ware tanyards in 1 892 and progressing through various standard on most water closets. They exported and butter pots for the bulk packing of butter for owners including Croda to cunently be owned by sanitary ware all over the globe. The 5outh carriage to remote markets. Butter pots were one Standard Soaps, a Malaysian company. The food Derbyshire area was the major UK producer of the of the few pieces of pottery production that were industry developed from the four or five mills in many thousand miles of vitreous and salt glaze legally controlled with a 20 lb pot containing 14 the town on the Gillwiska Brook and one large clay pipes used in Victorian sewers. lbs of butter in a 6 lb pot. Naturally if the pot steam mill adjacent to the station. Biscuit were heavier it contained less butter! production started in 1 928 and grew into a large The potteries in Ticknall were principally built factory producing McVities biscuits and KP foods. ADVERTISE IN along the main street with kilns at the rear of the Employment peaked at over 2,000. The Jood premises on the back crofts. Over time they industries were further represented by a large IA NEWS soread out onto the common with a further plant which currently produces Tetra Packs. Small lA Ncws reaches a rvide readership through concentration around the hamlet of Heath End. agricultural implement manufacturers and dircct subscriptions, ciculation to alliliated There were large clay beds to the south ofTicknall ironmongers emerged in the nineteenth century organisations and use in Iibrarics. with coal in the same location and some lead some of which still survive today as agricultural Advertising rates range from as little as mines. Initially many of the sites were freehold machinery dealers. ll30 to fl 70 frrr a full pagc. most were acquired by the Harpur The final speaker was Geoff Purseglove on but over time Inserts may bc mailed rvith IA Nervs family of Calke Abbey. lt has been suggested that the Ashby Canal, past, present and future. 2004 is at a charge of f,30. the industry was killed by enclosure when clay the bicentenary of the opening of the Ashby could no longer be obtained from the common. Canal. Initially the canal was a relative failure. The For further details, contact the Editor.

6 INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 AIA NEWS

President's Award 2004 Sandy Johnston, Chicago, USA Following visits on last year's conference, the new Mr M. Odgers, Houston, USA Mr A. Paterson, AIA President's Award and the lnitiative Award Annandale, Australia Mr G. Stobbs, were presented by Prof Angus Buchanan on 26 Gateshead Mr R. Smith, Edinburgh April 2005 at Apsley Mill Cottage, the business R. Tayloq Chelmsford and conference centre ofApsley PaperTrail. Great Mr Dunmow Maltings received the President's Award, while the Apsley Paper Trail were The Brunel Bicentenary YeaI presented with the AIA Initiative Award and a 2006 certificate. We are grateful the Paper Trail and to The AIA is joining forces with the Newcomen CEO Jacky Bennett hosting event which for this Society, English Heritage, the National Railway was attended by representatives PaperTrail ofthe Museum and the lnstitutions of Civil. Mechanical and Great Dunmow Maltings. Our conference and Structural Engineers to organise a major hosts, also Tim Smith and Tony Crosby, were international conference to celebrate both Brunel present. presentations, After the there was a tour and British engineering achievement over the of the Board Display which and Rooms on the site past 200 years. This conference, which is being contain interesting material on John Dickinson managed by the conference office of the and the mills. Institution of Civil Engineers, will take place on 6- 7 July 2006 in Brunel's historic trainshed at Bristol Abstracts for lndustrial Temple Meads. Distinguished engineers and Archaeology Review historians will show how railways and transportation transformed every aspect life lan West has taken over the role of compiling the Angus Euchanan presents the AIA lnitiative Award to lacky of Bennett, the Chief Executive of the Apsley Paper Trail and the contribution they still make to our own abstracts for lndustrial Archaeology Review. Project world. Historical subjects will be interwoven with Please send copies of Society newsletters and Photo: Tony Crosby present-day journals, abstracts and copies of any other more recent developments and engrneeflng. material which may be of interest members to to oublications should be sent to David Alderton at Speakers include Sir Neil Cossons and Dr. lan West, 37 Holmfield Road, Leicester LE2 1SE, or 48 Quay Street, Halesworth, Suffolk, lP1 9 8EY Bailey, distinguished e-mail: [email protected] Michael as well as some members of the railway world, such as John New Members Armitt of Network Rail and Jim Cornell of the Book Reviews and Shorter The AIA welcomes the following new members: Railway Heritage Trust. Speakers from the worlds Notices Mr P. Alexander, Bangor, Wales of aviation, marine engineering and mechanical Meanwhile, Marilyn Palmer will continue to Mr J. Copping, Warwick engineering will also take part. There are several handle Book Reviews. and books should be sent Mr C. J. Great, C. J. Great & Partner, Solihull ancillary events being planned around the to her at The School of Archaeology and Ancient Mr H. Harnow. Frederiksvaerk Museum of conference, such as the Newcomen Society History, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH. Local Industry, Frederiksvaerk, Denmark Summer Meeting and a steam train trip down the society newsletters, journals and smaller Mr & Mrs N. Hobbs, Uxbridge GWR main line. AIA SALES The following items are available from the Sales Officer: AIA REGIONAL GAZETTEERS INDUSTRIAT ARCHAEOLOGY REVIEW Canbridge & Peterborough f4.95 Devon f4.95 EACK I5SUE5 Greater Manchester f4.95 Hertfordshire & Lea Valley f5.50 Volunes | - Vl Kent f4.95 Notth West Wales: f3.95 Vol. 1. No. 'l : sold out Scotland, Forth & Clyde: f5.50 South East Wales f4.95 per set (17 issues): f18.00 plus P + P f8.00 inland, P.0.A. overseas South Yorkshire: f4.95 Swansea: f|.50 per volume: f5.00 plus P + P f3.10 inland, f3.20 overseas West Midlands: f'1.50 per issue: f2.00 plus P + P fl,00 inland, f1.80 overseas P + P extra: One copy: f0.65 inland, fl.1 5 overseas. Volumes Vll - Xlll Two copies: f 1.30p inland, f2.00 overseas. per volume: f8.00 incl. inland P + B add f3.60 overseas Three copies: fl.80 inland, f2.00 overseas per issue: f4.00 incl. inland P + P, add f1.90 overseas Six or more copies: half postage (exceptVol X No.2 (Textiles) and Vol Xll No.1 (Mining): f4.50 incl.) Ten or more copies: post-free Volumes XIV - XVlll oer volume: f'l 2.00 incl. inland P + P, add f3.60 overseas TICCIH 2000 Transactions f6.00 (half price) post free, oer issue: f6.00 incl. inland P + P add fl.90 overseas P&P overseas f2.60 Volumes XIX - XX (new format) f18.00 incl. inland P + P, add f2.60 overseas AIA TIES (blue) Volumes Vll M - f6.95inclP+P Set Half price @ f 77.00

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INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 7 NEWS

The President calls the Barr & Grosvenor lron Foundry acquired the facility to manufacture An unusual visitor to London in June Crystal-Palace type cast-iron was the steam narrowboat columns and was able to supply President towing the butty Kildare components for the Hyde Park from the Black Country Museum television programme. near Dudley. The purpose of the visit For the return north was to bring replica Crystal Palace .journey President and Kildare re-enacted a columns to be put up on the site at fly-run of 90 years ago, working Sydenham where the Crystal Palace non-stop day and night from was destroyed by fire in 1936. The London to Stoke Bruerne, where on columns had been cast at the Barr & Saturday 18 June Presidentwasto Grosvenor lron Foundry, for the Blisworth Tunnel Wolverhampton, for the trial be in steam 200th Anniversary Festival. At 7.00 erection on the original Hyde Park pm on Thursday 1 6 June the pair set site in 2001 which was the subject off from City Road Basin, where of a television programme in the Fellows Morton & Clayton had had series 'What the Victorians Did For their wharves, and what a fine sight Us' with Adam Hart-Davis. This Stean narrowboat President at the London Canal Museum. Cleanino the cabin roof. which was with crew in appropriate programme was to celebrate the kept getting dirty Photo:RJMCaff it oeriod attire. Smoke continued to 'I 5Oth anniversary of the Great pour out of lslington Tunnel long Exhibition but the columns were after the boats entered and at only allowed to stay in Hyde Park for Camden Town rapid progress a few hours and afterwards finally through the locks was in sharp found their way to the Black contrast to the usual oerformance of Country Museum where Presidentis holiday narrowboaters. They swiftly based. disappeared into the distance in President and Kildare departed failing light through Regent's Park from Crick on 31 May and arrived at after two rather sleepless nights Limehouse Basin (the former and were due at Stoke Bruerne top lock Regent's Canal Dock) on Tuesday 7 about noon on the following June. The next day the pair headed Saturday. Despite stirring down river from Limehouse to the the spectacle, a particular feature of this Suney Docks on the south bank of fly-run absence of the Thames and the columns were was the spectators. unloaded in South Dock, now a Robert Can marina. From here a steam lorry and trailer from Carter's Steam Fair took the columns to Sydenham, the route The Elack Country Museum's steam narrowboat President and buttyKildare approach Top Big Pit wins Gulbenkian taken being chosen to replicate that Side Lock, south of Berkhansted on l7 June on a 'fly-run'from London to Stoke Eruerne of 1852 when the Crystal Palace Photo: fim smith Prize was moved from Hyde Park to Big Pit, the National Mining Sydenham. The Pearly King of Bow Museum of Wales, has won the was present and there were general f |00,000 Gulbenkian Prize for celebrations. 0n the 1 50th Museum of the Year; the UK's largest anniversary of the opening of the arts prize. Sir Richard Sykes, Sydenham Crystal Palace, a new Chairman of the Gulbenkian judges, 'corner' is to be displayed to show who made the winning how the original was built. announcement at a ceremony at the Following this, over the weekend of Royal Institute of British Architects, l1-12 June President and Kildare commented 'Big Pit offers an were on display at the London Canal exceotional emotional and Museum Battlebridge Basin with intellectual experience. lt tells the President in steam (see photograph individual stories of its community - cleaning the cabin roof, it kept better than any museum I have getting dirty). visited and makes you contemplate At about the same time that the the scale, and even the cruelty, of Crystal Palace was first built, Fox, our industrial past which inspired a Henderson & Co. also supplied spirit of camaraderie and pride. All LNWR finalists clearly show that similar columns for the President leaves Top Side Lock, Berkhamsted our railway station at Oxford Rewley Photo. Tim Snith museums today are not solely about

Road. Thus, after 1 936, the then LMS displaying objects but are about the railway station at Oxford became a new 0xford University Business Quainton Road was completed by exposition of history told with real very important surviving remnant School redevelopment, it was November 2000. During this re- passion alongside a commitment to illustrating the structure of the moved to the Buckinghamshire erection some of the original c1 851 a community's heritage.' Crystal Palace and later became Railway Centre and re-erected there. columns were found to be too badly Visitors at Big Pit in Blaenafon listed Grade ll*. When, more Work began in January 1999 and decayed for further use and more have been able to visit the recently, it had to make way for the rebuilding on its new site at had to be cast, and so it was that underqround mine since it first

8 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEWS 134 NEWS

opened as a museum in 1 983 but, South East Region lA until 2001, lack of funding left many Conference 2005 of the sites on the surface untouched. Big Pit reopened in SERIAC 2005 was held on Saturday February 2004 after a f7 million 23 April at the Chertsey Hall, NtrRITAGE redevelopment. Above ground, all Chertsey, Suney, organised this year the colliery buildings, including the by the Surrey Industrial History ENGNN-EERNNG Group (SIHG) with'Transport' as the pithead baths, the winding engine Preseruing Our Heritage For people Future Generations house and blacksmith's workshop, theme. Some 200 attended, and they were welcomed to the have been restored and brought Our dedicoted 35 strong teom provide back to life with the sounds of the meeting by Miss Audrey Monk (President, miners at work echoing from the Surrey Archaeological turnkey solutions in the Heritoge including Society) and Gerry Moss (Chairman past. The pithead baths, built as Mechqnicol Engineering SlHG). Six lectures were given in recently as 1 939 and the first baths morning the miners had on the site, house and afternoon sessions. Archifecturol Melolwork (Croydon the main exhibition. This tells the Paul Sowan Natural History and Scientific Timber Engineering story not only of the coal mines Society) talked 'The themselves. but also of the on Croydon, Merstham & Technicol Consulting Godstone lron Railway: a new communities that grew around the Conservotion Workshops industry from the earliest days to solution (in 1805) to an old problem'. The period of operation of the miners' strikes and pit closures Recent projecis :2001 l2OA2 horse-drawn, freight-only, of the 1 980s. the The Gulbenkian judges were railway, from 1805 to 1838, was no restorotion of world's oldest workino more a short unanimous in their praise of Big Pit. than chapter in a long steom enginJ In recounting the story of the people story of dragging supplies from the I 5m timber woterwheel construction Weald London through the of the South Wales Coalfield in a to newcomen engine technlcol osessment impediment of the North Downs. At simple yet captivating way, Big Pit design & build of lorgesl cosi iron structure keeps alive the various times, from the days of the story of British coal, erected in the lost 80 veors particularly for the generations born Romans onwards, Wealden iron, building stone and many other after the closure of the mines.The f 7 22-24 Cotmyle Avenue, Glosgow, Scotlond, G32 gHJ products have been hauled through million redevelopment of Big Pit Tel +0044 l41 763 0007 Fox +0044 l41 763 0583 was funded by Heritage Lottery the Mole river gap, through the the soles@herilogeen gineering.co m www.h eritogeengineering. com Fund (f5.5 million); Wales Tourist wind gaps at Godstone or Board; Local Regeneration Fund; Merstham, over the crest of the Incorporating Walter MacFarlane & Company Ltd Garfield Weston Foundation; Lloyds escarpment, or through railway tunnels. In its construction through TSB; Pilgrim Trust; SR & PH the Merstham Gap and Smitham Charitable Trusq Coalf ield (Hampshire lA Society) covered the the UK preservation field as a whole Bottom, the dry valley northwards to Regeneration Trust; and the history of the tramway system in was considered. Croydon, the lron Railway National Museums and Galleries of Southampton from 1879 until John Blackwell (Sussex lA demonstrated an advance in civil Wales. Admission is free; over closure in 1949. To put the timing of Society) talked about 'Colonel engineering terms over the 1 40,000 people have already visited the Southampton system into Stephens The Man and His eighteenth-century turnpike roads - Big Pit since it reopened, context, the talk began with a few Railways'. The perceptions of the to and through Reigate, although it The winner receives f1 00,000 words to outline the establishment colonel's railways are of sidings full was overtaken within 40 years by and an enamelled silver bowl of the 'street railway' in the UK from of rotting coaches and life expired the more technically advanced designed by award-winning its origins in the USA. The days of engines and of services that bear London to Brighton railway taking a metalwork artist, Vladimir Brihm. the horse cars were briefly little relationship to timetables and similar route. The three other finalists were the considered up to the turn of the may not even reach their In 'The Port of London 1700- Coventry Transport Museum; Time nineteenth century which brought destlnations. But in the final years of 1939', Chris Ellmers (Docklands and Tide. Museum of Great municipal ownership and the nineteenth century there Museum) examined the ways in Yarmouth Life, Great Yarmouth; and conversion to electric power. In this appeared to be a future for light which the Port was radically Locomotion: The National Railway electric period from 1900 to 1949 railways in depressed and isolated transformed from overcrowded Museum at Shildon, Co. Durham. the aspects covered were the rapid rural areas. As a young engineer H. F. eighteenth-century river wharves The Gulbenkian Prize celebrates expansion prior to WWl, the rolling Stephens became associated with and warehouses to great purpose- the innovative and excellent work stock used in Southampton, the construction and management built Georgian and Victorian taking place in museums and consolidation in the 1920s and of this type of railway and remained enclosed docks. lt covered the galleries today that is challenging 1930s and finally decline and committed to them until his death. economic, financial, engineering traditional public perceptions of closure. He collected railways 'as another and social history aspects of this their role. lt is open to any museum, The speaker went on to deal might open grocer's shops' and fascinating story. The speaker was large or small, in the UK, and its with the post-closure period up to presided over an empire which responsible for the creation over a prize money makes it the largest the present day and focussed on the stretched over the southern half of period of 20 years of the Docklands single arts prize in the country. preservation efforts, which have led England, f rom a small office in Museum, which opened in 2003, to the survival of a number of Tonbridge. The competition of road and was its first Director; ne now vehicles. These include car 45 at transport prompted the early use of acts as Consultant Historian Crich Tramway Museum and the railcars to cut costs but inexorably A presentation on 'Trams in Tram 57 Project in Southampton. the passengers deserted and the Southampton and their Finally the question of how lines crumbled into bankruptcy and preservation' by Nigel Smith Southampton fits into the context of receivership. This talk concentrated

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 9 NEWS on the Sussex and Kent railways, of station. Following the end of breaking cars. There have been over someone has looked at several which there are a surprising number hostilities, major airlines returned to 1 00 manufacturers of cars ano pages or spent more than five of tangible remainders. Croydon, but after a flurry of activity commercial vehicles in Surrey, most minutes browsing - we have an Frank Anderson (Croydon in 1946-47 they graduallY of them producing very small average of ten visitors per week Airport Society) described Croydon transferred their operations to the numbers, but two significant ones, spending more than an hour on the Airport which came into being in larger London Heathrow and Dennis and AC, have celebrated site! We have made some good 1920 with the amalgamation of two Gatwick Airoorts. From the late their centenaries and are still in friends and contacts In that time and level of interest in ironwork airflelds, which had been 1 940s Croydon reverted to the business today alongside builders of the established on agricultural land status of a small regional airport for soecialised off-road vehicles, made or found in Scotland west of Croydon during World War l. services to the near continent and sporting and racing cars. continues to inspire us. We are still Beddington Aerodrome was set up the Channel lslands and for flying Following the conference there uploading data to the structures in 1916 as a base for the Royal clubs. In September 1959 Croydon was an opportunity to visit the database, with new information Flying Corps' task of intercepting Airport finally closed because of Kempton Park Pumping Station to arriving on a daily basis. enemy airships and aeroplanes governmental concerns over safety. view the triple-expansion pumping We have decided to look at attempting to bomb London. Gordon Knowles (Surrey engines once operated by the establishing 5cottish lronwork as a Waddon Aerodrome was established Industrial History Group) spoke on Metropolitan Water Board and now charitable trust this year in order in '1918 as a test flying ground for 'Suney and the Motor'. The county restored and operated by the that we can seek funding and aircraft constructed in a large has been involved with the motor Kempton Great Engines Trust. lt had develop partnerships to undertake government factory, the National for over 'l 00 years. Development of been hoped that one of the two survey work and research, as well as Aircraft Factory No 1. In 1920, the its road system has been in response engines, no. 7, (the world's largest general educational work and two airfields were amalgamated to the internal combustion engine working steam engine) would be in oublications to make the Trust self- and renamed Croydon Aerodrome to and to government legislation and steam, but a main bearing failure sustaining. We also have some become London's main civil airport. assistance. The county provided a made this impossible. Nevertheless interest in providing limited funding Four small independent British pioneering motoring inventor, John the engines are an impressive sight. for restoration projects. We have airlines operated from it, which Henry Knight of Farnham, who at Alan Thomas given lots of talks this year which were later amalgamated to form one time was thought to have put have proven very fruitful in terms of information. Perhaps the best was lmperial Airways, the pre-WWll the first British car on the road. Both News from Scottish British national airline. the RAC and the AA had origins in to the lnstitute of Cast Metal The layout of Croydon the county and repeal of the lronwork Engineers in Scotland to a warm and Aerodrome was not entirely safe or notorious Red Flag legislation was Such has been the response and receotive audience - the leads and keep us busy for a satisfactory and in 1 928 the original largely brought about by the actions interest generated since we provided here will administrative buildings were of Knight. launched www.scottishironwork.org while. demolished and replaced by a new Brooklands race track forms a in October 2003 that we continue to We are oleased to note that complex on the eastern edge. The major part of any history of Surrey be deluged with enquiries and Calcilda Costa from the University of piece 'new' airport flourished until the and the motor and it stimulated a information from all corners of the Sao Paulo has written a for us on beginning of WWll, when it was number of significant designers, globe. The site has had 3,800 Scottish lronwork in Brasil - a maior taken over as a Roval Air Force builders and drivers of record- 'serious' visits since then - where destination for exported ironwork.

AIAANNUAL CONFERENCE 2OO5 - DERBYSHIRE

The 2005 Annual Conference will be held at the University of Nottingham on 2-4 September. The conference will follow the established format with a Friday pre-conference seminar, the main conference over the weekend from Friday evening to Sunday, and a post-conference additional programme from Sunday to Thursday, 4-8 September. The local organisers are the Derbyshire Archaeological Society, who have devised a programme to show off the extraordinary variety of industry in their county. The main conference weekend will concentrate of the south of the county, close to the conference venue at the University of Nottingham, whilst the additional programme will explore up into the Peak District and coalfield areas to the north. As well as the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage site, one of the birthplaces of the industrial revolution in England, there is a fascinating range of other historic buildings and museums.

Join us in Derbyshire in 2005 for an AIA Conference to remember.

The AIA Liaison Officer, AIA Office, School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH

8 0116 252 5337, Fax: 0116 252 5005, e-mail: [email protected]

1O INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 NEWS

Calcida has written an excellent book Exhibition - Cotton Mills the history of the quarries and construction of timber steps to of Leckhampton Hill near improve access and safety and the on the subject which we would like to for the Continent tramroads translate at some point. Cheltenham. Graham Vincent from relocation of an existing boat Sidney Stott (1 858-1 937), the Finally, please keep feeding us BIAS looked at the losses and shed. National Historic Bridges architect, structures and objects/information 0ldham cotton mill survivals of railway buildings and Awards aim to encourage and designed a considerable number of as you find them.lt may take us time structures from 1 970 to 2000. celebrate excellence and innovation mills for the districts of Munsterland to upload but we really appreciate Family history was the choice of in transportation conservation. Germany and Twente in the your input, The Forum is also a good in Douglas Jackson of the South Netherlands between the I 880s and place to seek information and Wiltshire group, but slanted at the Belfast Trade Union 1914. Three museums these generate discussion. Visit the in connections which exist with districts have co-operated, with the Building website ! www.scottishironwork.org research into old industries. support EU EUREGIO fund, The striking building mentioned in David 5, Mitchell of the Maintaining the West Country which supports initiatives which News | 33, page 12, was & Andrew C. Laino recording tradition was the theme of lA Transport House, built in 1 959 as the cross country borders, to mount an a talk about roads. milestones and headquarters the Amalgamated exhibition on Sidney Stott's work in signposts by David Viner of the of The opened at Transoort and General Workers' Recording North Sea oil this area. exhibition Milestone Society (and GSIA). The the Textilemuseum Rheine, Union. Designed by J J Brennan in gas final talk'The biggest gun you ever and the the International Style it consists of Germany, on 10 April 2005, in a gas saw!'took us to Malta for The UK offshore oil and presence great- two conjoined blocks, five and seven of 5ir Adrian Stott, complete change of emphasis, We industries are now preparing for a high. was listed in 1994 grandson of Sidney Stott. From 26 heard from Robin Williams of the stories lt major decommissioning programme. November 2005 the and is one of Northern lreland's June to 6 0xford House Society about a Already, the pioneering Anglo- be exhibition will be at the massive nineteenth-century muzzle most recent buildings to Nonruegian gas field - Frigg - has protected. The design is said to have Textilmuseum Bocholt, Germany, loaded gun which was made by ceased production, and others will 29 been inspired by Michael Scott's and from 19 November 2005 to William Armstrong of Newcastle, follow in the coming years. Frigg January 2006 at the Museum and is now presented as a tourist Bus5ras, the CIE bus terminal in once satisfied over a third of all Dublin. Much of Transport House is Jannink, Enschede, the Netherlands. attraction. gas. British consumer demand for clad green glazed tiles and a Museum Jannink is housed in a mill After the main event the in Soon, UK gas customers will be prominent is a five- designed by Sidney Stott. lt is majority of the visitors joined one of really feature relying on Libyan gas, piped to us storey-high tiled mural. From top to intended that the exhibition will the three excursions laid on for them. through Europe via Sicily. lt's at bottom this depicts a jet aeroplane, move to Gent, Belgium, and These were a tour of Gloucester times like these that one wonders 2006 cranes, a ship and a factory - while Chemnitz, Germany, later in Docks, a tour of the Herefordshire whether it might not have been a plans uniform but currently there are no for and Gloucestershire Canal Basin at beneath is a row of good mine idea to keep a deep coal it to come to England. workers. The style is reminiscent of just Over, Gloucester and a visit to open in Scotland, in case things the 1951 Festival of Britain and the Roger Holden Stanley Mill at Kings Stanley. get tricky in the Middle East... whole building is a real period piece. Ray Wilson North Sea oil and gas has Robert Carr transformed the UK economv and is South Wales and West historically very significant. The of England Region Dundas Aqueduct Tyne beer moves good news is that since Brent Spar, The Tyne Brewery closed in April, rules and regulations on Conference restoration award ending 1 21 years of brewing on the decommissioning have obliged British Waterways has been site. Owners Scottish Courage have offshore operators to keep excellent The 36th South Wales and West of awarded a commendation in the moved production to the Federation records of their activities. One of the England Regional lA Conference National Historic Bridge Awards for Brewery at Dunston, in Gateshead. challenges of the next decade is was held at Sir Thomas Rich's its restoration of the Georgian The last run of Newcastle Brown Ale therefore going to be to ensure the School, Gloucester on Saturday 9 Grade 1 listed Dundas Aqueduct on included 3,000 commemorative survival of the most important April 2005 and attracted over 130 the Kennet & Avon Canal, near Bath. bottles for employees. components of these records, people from the various societies The three arch structure, built in perhaps in a new central repository. and groups. 1 804, is designated a Currently, the Norweglans lead the Andrew Stumpf from British Scheduled Ancient Monument and Shock at the Science way in documenting the offshore Waterways opened the talks with a is widely regarded as John Rennie's Museum industries, having produced a review of the cunent state of play finest architectural work. The It has been reported that steam wonderful record and website for on the project to restore the restoration took two years to engines on the ground floor of the the Ekofisk field, in collaboration Cotswold Canals, ultimately aimed complete. Much of the masonry of Science Museum have been with Conoco Phillips (http://www. at linking the Severn to the Thames. the historic structure had removed to make way for a new kulturminne-ekofisk.no/). TOTAL are A wide range of voluntary and deteriorated due to age, frost book shop. now following their example with a professional effort is being co- damage and a number of similar project in Noruvay for Frigg, ordinated with funding, marketing, unsympathetic repairs using a North Warehouse, and in Scotland, it is hoped that the economic development and variety of bricks and concrete. The industry can be encouraged to community relations the key issues. project involved replacing much of Sharpness follow suit. Havlng seen the coal For Andrew and the main campaign the blue engineering brick repair on A grade ll listed granary warehouse industry rapidly disappear with little group, the Cotswold Canals Trust, the northern face with Bath of seven storeys, built in 1 878 at the in the way of a coherent nationwide persistence (and patience) will be limestone to match with the newly developed docks of recording strategy, we do at least essentia l. original, waterproofing the footpath Sharpness, Gloucestershire, has now have the opportunity lo ensure G lyn Thomas of the to prevent water getting into the been saved from threat of that the British oil and gas Worcestershire Society talked on the structure in the future, the removal demolition. Plans to develop the industries are recorded to a level early history of the Worcester Gas of vegetation in all areas and of cleared site for commercial purposes which they deserve. Light and Coke Company. Ray gunite (a mixture of sand and have been refused. Miles Oglethorpe Wilson of GSIA gave an account of cement) in one of the arches, the re- SAVE Britain's Heritase

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 11 REGIONAT NEWS

North West England Stockport Metropolitan Borough have to be demolished as the Archaeology Unit reports that in Council now sees conversion of building is now in such a poor state. May they had just completed the I reported last year (lA News 130, ironworks, fustian Autumn 2004) on the demolition of further mills as a solution to the Although listed in 1973 because it excavation of an problems unusual being a and Park Mill, Royton; the remaining of empty mills and was in built on works, cotton waste mill housing shortages in the borough. curved plan, it is now believed be housing Blackfriars stump of the chimney was felled by to workers' on Salford, Fred Dibnah and in the event this The adjoining Reddish Spinning the only surviving example outside Street in the centre of Company mills are similarly being Manchester large railway the turned out to be his last chimney. So of a finding along the way converted, although press releases its substantial remains of a nineteenth- they will have to find somebody else cotton warehouse and perhaps house, the to fell the chimney of the adjacent wrongly referred to the architect for continuing survival is now century beam engine Sandy Mill, which is scheduled to these mills as being Alfred more important for this reason than remains of a wagon boiler and come down. when the last tenants Waterhouse; it was in factA.H. Stott that for which it was originally horizontal steam engine bed and Oldham. the There smaller large have vacated, for the housing to be of Unfortunately, listed. is a much the foundations for two proudly built on the site. But the sad thing appearance of these mills will be warehouse at Newhey, still Lancashire boilers. They have also an 'Lancashire of here is that the chimney of Sandy subtly altered by addition of emblazoned and recently excavated a pair Mill is one of only three complete extra storey. Meanwhile, in Yorkshire Railway Cotton workers' houses at the Castlefield Preston, Manchester mill chimneys - there were over 300 England's newest city, Warehouse'. but this is not listed. end of Deansgate in Horrockses has been - still standing in 0ldham.The others Centenary Mill While Bolton Metropolitan which were built shortly before are at Royd Mill, Hollinwood, and rescued from dereliction and Borough Council continues to 1794 and the basements for which Manor Mill, Chadderton. 0nly converted to flats, it being reported inexplicably cold-shoulder the were later converted into cellar in January that all Manor Mill is listed and the chimney 203 flats had sold Northern Mill Engine Society, dwellings. mill refusing Finally, apologies fact here is reported to be not in its within six weeks. Another to support a bid by the for the in last year original state, having been rebuilt in converted to housing the Society for Heritage Lottery Funding, that this reDort concentrates on standing derelict many in East the 1970s, by Fred Dibnah no less. after for the Ellenroad Mill Engine site Greater Manchester and Unfortunately, the people who years is llex Mill in Rawtenstall. Rochdale reports expansion with a Lancashire but unfortunately it has Other derelict sites still remain re-branding as Ellenroad Steam not been oossible to contacts in carried out the listing of Greater the find conservation problems. 0ne of these Museum following the installation other areas. However, should be Manchester mills for English it Warehouse, steam-powered generator Architectural Heritage in 1995 seemed to have is Park Road Railway of a set noted that a Pevsner published been unable to distinguish complete 0ldham, which has remained empty and workshop machinery from Guide for Liverpool was year, chimneys from stumps. Regrettably, since last used by the railways in the Wildspur Mill, New Mill, near last which includes the docks the same problem mars the 1 960s. Various re-development Holmfirth, Yorkshire. David Arnfield system. Although many dock otherwise excellent coverage of plans have come to nothing over the has spent some time restoring the buildings have been converted for years become mills, and other industrial buildings, and the building has 5.5. Stott cross-comoound steam other uses, including housing, re-use increasingly derelict. At the end of engine Grane Mill, Haslingden, of the giant tobacco warehouses at in the revised edition of Pevsner's at last year developer offered to but the mill itself has been Stanley Docks remains problematic, Bui ld ings of E nglandfor Manchester a now purchase and South-East Lancashire the building for f1 from demolished and housing built on the not only because of their great size published late last year. Oldham Metropolitan Borough site; weaving sheds are not suitable but because they have floor heights Council, now The saga of Nelson continues. who own it, but if this for residential conversion. of only 7ft 2in. plan seems likely The Whitefield Conservation Area fails it that it will The Universitv of Manchester Roger Holden has been extended and renovation work has started on some of the REGIONAL CORRESPONDENTS properties in the area. However, concerns have been raised as to the Please support your Regional Correspondent by sending relevant material which may be of interest to our readers. quality of the work being carried Region 1: SCOTLAND Region 5: WALES Region 1 1: HOME COUNTIES out. Also, elsewhere in Nelson the Dr Miles Oglethorpe, RCAHMS, John Pat Frost, Castlering Archaeology, 6 Oxfordshire, Eedfordshire, Eerkshire, Council still seems set on demolition Sinclair House, 16 Bernard Terrace, Castle Ring, Pontesbury Hill, Pontesbury B ucki ngha msh i re a nd H ertfo rdsh i re as, is government it claimed, money Edinburgh EH8 9NX Shrewsbury Shropshire SY5 OYA Henry Gunston, 6 Clement Close, for housing renewal is only available Region 2: IRELAND Region 7: WEST MIDLANDS Wantage, Oxfordshire OXl2 7ED if they demolish first. Michael Coulter, Department of Shropshire, Staffordshire, West Region 12:SOUTH EAST Elsewhere north-west in the Environment. Historic Monuments and Midlands, Warwickshire, Hereford and ENGLAND demand for housing is fuelling Buildings, 5-33 Hill Street, Belfast I Worcester Hanpshire and lsle of Wighl Suney conversion projects for former Region 3: NORTHERN ENGLAND John Powell, lronbridge Gorge Museum Sussex and Kent industrial buildings. Conversion of Trust, Coach Road, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Coalbrookdale, Alan Thomas, 6 Birches Close, Epsom, Telford TF8 7DQ Manchester city centre cotton Wear. Durham and Cleveland Surrey KT18 5JG. Email: a.h.thomas@ warehouses into residential flats has Graham Brooks, Coomara, Carleton, Region 8: EAST MIDLANDS btinternet.com been undenruay for the last two Carlisle, Cumbria CA4 OBU Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, Region 13: WEST OF ENGLAND decades and has now spread to Region 4: YORKSHIRE AND Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and SomerseL Avon, Gloucestershire, cotton mills in Ancoats where the Northamptonshire HUMBERSIDE Wiltshire and Dorset historically important McConnel & David Lyne, 10 Somerville Road, Mike Bone, Sunnyside, Avon Close, North, South and West Yorkshire and Leicester LE3 2ET 'l Kennedy and Murray Mills are being Humberside Keynsham, Bristol BS18 LQ converted. as is the former Vulcan Derek Bayliss, 30 Muskoka Avenue, Region 9: EAST ANGLIA Region 14: SOUTH WEST Works of John Hetherington, textile Bents Green. Sheffield Sl 1 7Rl. Cambridgeshire, Not'folk, Suffolk and ENGLAND machine makers. on Pollard Street. Essex Region 5: NORTH WEST Devon and Cornwall Following successful David Alderton, 48 Street, the conversion ENGLAND Quay VACANT Halesworth, Suffolk lPl9 8EY of Houldsworth's Reddish Mills Lancashire, Merseyside, Greater (although a use still has to be found Manchester and Chesh ire Region 10: GREATER LONDON for the engine and boiler houses), Roger N. Holden, 35 Victoria Road, Dr R. J. M. Carr, 121 Queen's Drive, Stockport 5K'l 4AT London N4 2BB

12 INDIJSTRIAL AR1HAE)L)GY NEWS 134 REGIONAT NEWS

West of England The most urgent items brought to the attention of your reporter are, again, in its largest city. Both are on the south side of Bristol's Floating Harbour where planners and amenity groups continue to argue about the balance between development and conservation. Regular readers of this report will have followed the fate of the former Bristol United Breweries' maltings, known locally as 'McArthur's Warehouse' that is adjacent to the Great Western Dockyard and SS Great Britain. Demolition for new-build was halted by one public enquiry and another was scheduled for last February the main issue being the possibility of re-use of the maltings, one of the last surviving harbourside industrial buildings in this conservation area. The support of English Heritage was crucial to the cause but was suddenly withdrawn on account of Demolition has just begun in this view of J. W. Flower's Eclipse Works in Wimborne. lt is a pity that this gg-year-old industrial building damage to the building and the could not have been convefted to other use Photo: Peter Stanier enquiry was cancelled. This sudden change has enraged amenity groups museum curator in 2002 and its breweries, maltings and small this. Recent pressure for residential and the subsequent meeting of the value and fragility were highlighted engineering works and until recently development on'brownfield' sites in City Council's area development in Andrew Foyle's recently-published there were survivals to illustrate this desirable small town, close to committee decided to proceed to Pevsner Architectural Guide to demolition, but only on the chair's Bristol. The draft proposals do not casting vote. lf the building is lost, appear sympathetic and include an its fate will, at least, have rekindled atrium and removal of sliding doors DOROTHEA interest in local industrial heritage, on the distinctive north elevation, as evidenced by support at this well- both of which threaten the integrity attended meeting. and character of this site. The other case concerns the site Economic historians suggest of the Bristol Industrial Museum that prosperity comes in 'long LTT) which is to become the home for a waves'- 25 years of recession and much-needed Museum of Bristol. 25 years of boom. We are now some Incorporating Brnest Hole (Engineers) of Sussex and will be supported by the five years into the good times and it Heritage Lottery Fund. Current is likely that much of our industrial C O N TRACTORS AN' C O I{ S U LTANT S IN T H E progress as such has led to the heritage will come under threat, as C O I{ S ERVAT I O N O F H I STO RIC METALW ORK, formation of an informal pressure it did in the early days of the lA MACHIIVERY AND MILLS group - the Princes Wharf Action movement before the recession of WINDIWATER Group - to influence the the mid-1 970s put a brake on development of the site in a way wholesale redevelooment. Local Recent contracts include designs for an atmospheric that protects its industrial amenity and lA groups have railwa-v, and a replica steam locomotive, restoration of past archaeology. The site consists of achieved much in the but l8C lead sculptures, repair and gilding of the Albert cannot relax their efforts in this new 1950s transit sheds. the last to be Memorial bronze decoration, conservation work on post-war period of rapid change. built in Bristol during 'I'urbinia, Lion, Sans Pareil and Locomotion, and even reconstruction, with surviving The Bristol sites have achieved the restoration of an hydraulic catafalque! railway sidings (part of the Bristol substantial media coverage: Harbour Railway branch from 'McArthur's Warehouse' was the subject of Private Eye's'Nooks and Temple Meads) and four electric Over 100 man years experience cranes by Stothert & Pitt of Bath of Corners'feature (May 13-26 issue) 195'1, now being restored. As such, and the property columns of the the site represents a national rarity June issue of Folio, the west's Northern Works: New Road, Whaley Bridge, via Stockport. - a surviving general cargo wharf. lt leading'lifestyle' magazine. Chcshirc SK23 7JC. Contact: Dave Hodgson is much enjoyed by visitors and Howevel local examples of the Tcl: (01(163) 733544 Fax: (01663) 734521 Bristolians when restored trains and gradual loss of industrial heritage in boats are operated by museum the region are not hard to find. Southern Works: Riverside Business Park. St Annes Roacl. St. provides a volunteers. The site's significance Wimborne in Dorset Anncs Park. Bristol. BS4 4ED. Contact: Ceofl'Wallis has been thoroughly researched in a suitable case study here. Like most Tcl: (01l7)97 1.s337 Fax: (0117)9'711617 conservation plan prepared by the rural market towns, it had its

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEjLjGY NEWS 134 13 REGIONAL NEWS

Bournemouth and Poole, has seen RiverTaw next to the town's historic largest urban regeneration projects Sydenham Crystal Palace and the the loss of the last vestiges of the Long Bridge. Here, another Heritage in Europe, three novel bridges have Paxton's Crystal Palace Corner old Julian Brewery and the premises Lottery Fund project has proceeded been installed. One of these of steel Project will display a new'corner' of of the Wimborne Malting Co. Ltd in on four fronts: digitisation of the construction with a timber deck, the the Palace to illustrate how the Poole Road. The latest casualty is firm's design archive (they once Rolling Bridge by Thomas original was built. The journey of the the Eclipse Works of J. W. Flowel specialised in collectable Arts & Heatherwick situated near Presidentis described on page 8. brewer's engineer. Flower was Crafts furniture), research into the Waterside (Marks and Spencer) by Brewing is shortly to finish at formerly the proprietor of the firm's history, work on the furniture the Richard Rogers Partnership, uses Park Royal, and the unlisted Fontmell Magna Brewery, near and its customers, and interviewing hydraulic rams to uncurl in an buildings could then be demolished Shaftesbury, most of which still past workers. ingenious manner and span a as in 2003 Guinness were granted a survives, whose interest in matters All this indicates the need for a waterway so as to serve as a certificate of immunity from listing technical is featured in Alfred wider and more holistic approach to retractable footbridge 12 metres by the DCMS. The brewery was Barnard's classic work on The Noted our subject matter, but we must not long. The East Bridge or Helix Bridge constructed in 1933-36 by the Breweries of Great Britain and neglect the factory premises and it is by Marcus Taylor near the consulting engineers 5ir Alexander lreland (Yol.lV of 1891). He decided to be hoped that the buildings residential development West End Gibb & Partners with Sir Giles to sell the brewery and concentrate archaeologists will play their part Quay is a retractable composite Gilbert Scott as architect. Kew on engineering, opening the when this site is cleared. glass and steel footbridge with a Bridge Steam Museum continues to attractive Eclipse Works in New Mike Bone helical frame which rotates to give flourish and held a well-attended Borough Road in 1906. lt is a pity the appearance of it corkscrewing 30th birthday party in March. Work that such an attractive building Greater London across the canal. The Station Bridge on the Bull Engine has been could not be adapted. is the third footbridge, with large undenruay for four years and it was The site ofTelstar House, Eastbourne glazed intended to have it in steam by June The industrial development of Terrace, near Paddington railway screens. market has not In Greater London generally 2005. Last year, through the our smaller towns station is being redeveloped buildings completed as recently as generosity Heidelberg's, the received as much attention as it following a major fire which started of the 1 980s are being demolished and museum acquired four lifting deserves and it is important that in the evening of 29 July 2003. life span of offices and shops gantries. Two have been retained loss of their industrial buildings and Twenty fire engines were involved the appears be ever diminishing. and one each passed on to archives is accompanied by research and three firemen were injured, one to became Crossness Hall, and recording. An example of such a quite badly. Telstar House was From last century it and Low acceptable to consider a building as Walthamstow (through ALPHA - the positive response comes from occupied by London Underground at a machine for living or working in Association of London Pumping Barnstaole in north Devon where the time and the 7th to 1Oth floors and a 40-years old building is now Herita ge Attractions). the current owners of the distinctive were gutted. The first Telstar one in ripe old age. At present we The number of Routemaster Victorian cabinet works of Shapland communications satellite was a demolition boom and buses still operating in London is & Petter plan to relocate from launched on 10 July 1962 and the have a Greater London is characterised by fast declining. Route 19 lost its desirable development site on the 11-floor 1960s building was of slab large heaps of rubble. Buying petrol Routemasters on 2 April and on and podium construction. with route 38 they are to be replaced by West London is 'up in the air' at supermarkets along everything else becoming so 'bendy' buses (not always that with the steel-trussed west end of is popular traditional roadside popular) in October. There are now Bishop's Bridge near Paddington that petrol stations are closing fast and just 153 Routemasters in service Station and the tower of Abbey being demolished; they are going running on five routes; numbers I3, National House near Baker Street the way of local cattle markets. 14,22,38, and 1 59. They are all to Station dramatically supported on The Waterside Inn built not long be replaced by the end of the year steelwork. The northeast end of before 1990 on the west side of but six may be retained for a token Bishop's Bridge was the cast-iron Battlebridge Basin opposite the tourist service. Brunel Bridge over the canal, London Canal Museum being Robeft Carr removed in April 2004 (see Malcolm is demolished and the whole site Tucker's article in lA News 129, bounded by the Regent's Canal, York pages 2 & 3). The southwest end of Home Counties Way, Crinan Street and Battlebridge 1907 has been jacked up 10 metres More news from the Home Basin being cleared. The while a replacement bridge is is Counties. 0n Easter Monday, the Westinghouse Brake Signal Co. launched from the northeast which & newly-completed quarter-mile building went about 20 years ago will finally pass beneath the extension of the Wendover Arm of and what still remain here must be Edwardian bridge. The 1907 bridge the Grand Union Canal (close to the among the most recent buildings in will then be lowered onto the deck of Bucks/Herts border) was formally The new the new bridge and rolled to the London to be demolished. ooened to boat traffic. The new eight-storey development will have northeast to be dismantled. The work channel section and winding hole at in the basement with is being canied out in this way to a concert hall Little Tring follow the recent newspaper offices above. minimise disruption of train services restoration of a road overbridge, Country (see www.paddingtonbridge.com). In June, the Black and a stop lock, close to the former narrowboat Abbey National House is being Museum's steam limit of navigation at Tringford President and butty Kildare remodelled but the famous tower, a the Pumping Station. Meanwhile, in brought replica columns cast at the considerable landmark. will be Berkshire, the importance of the Barr Grosvenor Foundry, retained. Currently the tower is in its & lron Kennet & Avon Canal to Newbury is Wolverhampton, to be put up on the accustomed position but the building featured in one of a recently- site at Sydenham where the Crystal panels The Abbey National towet Baker Street, beneath has largely gone. completed series of mosaic Palace was destroyed by fire in under wraps but it suruives the renodelling At Paddington Basin, now a depicting the history of the town. This year 150th all around very substantial 'Docklands' 1936. is the The mosaic is outside the Librarv anniversary the opening of the Photo: R J. M. Can redevelopment and one of the of alongside the town wharf.

14 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 REGIONAL NEWS

From canals to bridges. The Hoo castle and Westminster Abbey'. The Bridge, built to the design of Sir last known underground stone William Chambers in about 1764. working atTotternhoe (Beds) was in lies within a parkland setting the 1 870s, for the repair of St Albans attributed to Capability Brown at St Abbey. Totternhoe Stone is now Paul's Walden (Herts). The bridge quarried in the open, about 200 tons has long been derelict, but following a year being produced for substantial grant aid from English renovation work and new carving. Heritage, the residents have joined Lime burning has now ceased as all together and initiated a programme the suitable chalk has been taken, of careful repair and reinstatement. but the Totternhoe Lime & Stone In Oxford, discussions continue Company buy-in quicklime from over the restoration of the disused Derbyshire and hydrate it for sale. railway swing bridge north of the Two early nineteenth century kilns former LNWR Rewley Road Station. survive, complete with their conical The former station canopy structure tops. The tops of a later bank of kilns from Rewley Road is now well have been removed and the end kiln established as part of the is lined with steel to form a hopper Buckinghamshire Railway Centre at into which lorries teem the Quainton Road (Bucks). Other quicklime. After crushing, this is fed railway news includes the 'launch' through a pre-mix screw, where of the newly-built GWR broad water is added, into the hydrator. gauge locomotive'Firefly' at the The slaked lime, sold as 'hydrated Didcot Railway Centre (Oxon) on 30 lime', is crushed to powder in a ball April, and plans for a complete mill before being bagged. The works rebuilding of the terminus of the were once rail connected but all Leighton Buzzard Light Railway at transport is now by road. Pages Park (Beds). However, the 0n the building scene, sadly existing buildings there date from only the 1920s faqade now survives the earlier days of the preservation at the former Ovaltine Factory at Early nineteenth-century limekiln at Totternhoe Quany, Bedfordshire project, and are not linked to the King's Langley (Herts). A less drastic Photo: Tim Smith former sand-extraction industry. conversion (to housing) is at the From sand to chalk working, large 1930s hat factory on the Alec Clifton-Taylor described corner of Midland Road and Dudley of Hertfordshire and the Lea Valley. Finally, thanks to Tim Smith for Totternhoe Stone as'England's best Street in Luton (Beds). This was the Another conversion (to flats) is at joining the Home Counties news known chalk, widely used all Paul Walser factory, trading as Castle Mill, Berkhamsted (Herts). Ieam. through the Middle Ages even for 'Reslaw Hats', and is illustrated on Good news is that Venn Mill, north Henry Gunston & Tim Smith buildings as eminent as Windsor page 40 of the AlAs Guide to the I A of Wantage (Oxon), is in safe hands.

Boats in the newly opened section of the Wendover Arm at Little Tring, Easter Monday Photo: )ohn Savage

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 15 REGIONAL NEWS

South East England RAC. The develooment of the road successful. lt is possible that they access may be granted following the system Surrey is also covered in could move new 'World of building of houses on an adjacent 2005 is the 25th anniversary of the in to a Enquiries copies Boats' exhibition which may be site, and there is a risk of vandalism, formal constitution of the Surrey the book. for should be directed to the SE England established at Poole, but this could and if the channels are not Industrial History Group as a regional correspondent. not happen for some years. lt the maintained the site might specialist group of the Surrey Epsom contains one of only five meantime it has been necessary to deteriorate into a swampy area. Archaeological Society. SIHG listed civilian riding return some boats to their original Some form of protection or listing of organised SERIAC 2005 at the Grade I or ll schools (or riding houses) in owners, to disperse others and to the site would be desirable. Chertsey Hall on 23 April. In use equestrian repair and Two members of Hampshire lA Seotember the 30th season of England still in for scrap some beyond purposes. was built 1881 for incapable of being moved. The 1 940 Society have purchased a small lectures organised by the Group on lt in Rosebery his motor torpedo MTB has petrol-engined railway locomotive, industrial archaeology and history Lord as an adjunct to boat 71 race-horse breeding. gone lmperial War Museum originally 50 cm gauge but later will commence. These anniversaries hobby of to the of Externally it resembles a chapel and at Duxford. converted to standard gauge, which will be commemorated by a meeting internally has unique arch timber Shios was used the construction of to be held at the Dorking Christian a The Dunkirk Little in roof. produces little income for its Restoration Trust also has move various works within the Southern Centre on 8 October. lt to its Marchwood. Two boats Railway docks at Southampton. lt is In March 2005 SIHG oublished owners and, together with from of its position just the Green Belt, have been the Donington proposed to clean it up and keep it Suney and the Motor by Gordon within sent to this has caused be placed on Museum in Leicestershire. in Southampton until the future of Knowles. Although not usually it to the Buildings-at-Risk register. SIHG The Hovercraft Museum at Lee- museums and preservation thought of as a motor-vehicle the commissioned the on-Solent has been forced scrap activities there is clarified. manufacturing district, there have Ron Martin, of to noted Swift The Tram 57 project continues been over 100 manufacturers in the Sussex lA Society and a the 5RN-4 class hovercraft architectural draughtsman, to because of its inability to afford the to seek new oremises so that work county over the last 1 00 years. Many produce a set of 1 4 drawings of the increased demanded MOD on restoration may recommence. made very small numbers, even rent by former The anniversary the single examples, but some are or riding school and the adjacent at HMS Daedalus. The 25th of ll Portsmouth MV Coultershaw were noted sports and racing car stables, which are also Grade to Ryde ferry restoration of the (near manufacturers, and in the listed. Copies have been deposited Southsea, lately berthed at Beam Pump Petworth) by the Surrey History Centre and Southampton, has been broken up, Sussex lA Society occurs in 2005. An commercial vehicle field Dennis at the made the continues in operation, albeit under elsewhere. attempts to restore her having application is being to The homes failed. enable a new name. Brooklands racecourse difficulty of finding Heritage Lottery Fund to historic artefacts is There concern about the imorovements be made to the was a oioneer establishment in for large is to visitor centre. motor sport, and is now a major illustrated by recent events in future of the Bourley Watenruorks site and the the museum for both cars and aircraft. Hampshire. The British Military and Pumping Station at Crondall, The development of Powerboat Trust has leave its which about years ago Museum Early automobile enthusiasts, to until 10 Amberley Working notably John Henry Knight of base in the former Husbands supplied water to the army at continues, with the recent opening shipyard Hythe end of Aldershot. There are some 17 miles Railway Exhibition hall, the Farnham, were instrumental in at by the of a 'Connected telecomm- obtaining the repeal of the Red Flag September; and attempts to find a of channels and ditches, five Earth' been reservoirs and a pump house. Public new Act and the formation of the AA and new home have not yet unications exhibition and a restaurant. Members of the Sussex lA Society are restoring and improving the brick display and drying shed to provide an exhibition of Sussex bricks and associated equipment. The Bentley Motor Museum, near Uckfield, has been reopened after two former managers leased the site following the selling of the estate back to its donor by the East Sussex County Council. All the exhibits of veteran and vintage cars and motorcycles, many rare or unique, are privately owned and many are used on the road. The exhibition is constantly changing. A Conservation Award of the Mills Section of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings has been made to Stone Cross Windmill near Eastbourne in recognition of the very high quality of the restoration of the mill to working order. Only twelve such awards have been made in the UK since the inception of the award scheme in 1 991, none of them hitherto in East Sussex. The Coultershaw waterwheel-driven beam pump of | 782 supplied water for Petwotth House and town, lt was restored 25 years ago and protected under a rescued barn by the Sussex lA Society Photo: Peter Stanier Alan Thomas

16 INDIJSTRIAL AR1HAE)L)GY NEW' 134 PUBLICATIONS

Local Society and other periodicals received own fine pictures covering the late period of the 1980s and'90s. Many are Abstracts will appear in lndustrial Archaeology Review. in colour.They document action on the surface, including opencast workings, and underground in deep mines and the 'footrails' (shallow private mines) such Berkshire lndustrial Archaeology Group: News 4, NewYear 2005 as Hanging Wood Colliery. lmportantly, the author has taken care to Brewery History Society: Brewery History, l I6, Autumn 2004 name many of the underground workers he photographed. The last Brewery History Society Newsletter,30, Winter 2004/5 underground coal was worked at Silverdale Colliery in December 1998, and the book finishes with some colliery sites seen today totally swept away Bristol lA Society Bulletin, No. 1 14, Winter/Spring 2004, & No. 1 15, - Summer 2005 and so transformed to be unrecognisable. Cumbrian lndustrialist, Vol.5, 2005 (Cumbrian Industrial History Society) Dorset lndustrial Archaeology Society Bulletin, N0.12, May 2005 Cornwall's Bridge & Viaduct Heritage, by Eric Kentley. Truro: Twelveheads Press. pp,73 Focus on lndustrial Archaeology (Hampshire lA Society), No.64, June 2005. 52 illus. |SBN 0 906294 584. f4.50. 2005 Cornwall is extremely rich in bridges which range from simple beam granite GLIAS Newsletter, 218, June 2005 bridges of slabs over streams to lofty railway viaducts across the deeper valleys. Some Hampshire lndustrial Archaeology Society: Focus,63, Dec 2004 & 64, are engineering triumphs, while others are monuments June 2005 to long-forgotten trade routes. They include arches of great beauty such as Hampshire lndustrial Archaeology Society Journal, No.13, 2005 the fifteenth-century Horsebridge and Greystone Bridge across the Tamar. exception of Hampshire Mills Group Newsletter, No.69, Summer 2005 With the the Treffry Viaduct of 1842 at Luxulyan, most railway IEE History of Technology Newsletter, May 2005 viaducts date from the 1880s or latef when they replaced Brunel's earlier structures. Building Museum of Bath at Work Newsletter,Spring 2005 materials include local stone, and even copper slag Norfolk lndustrial Archaeology Society Journal, 2005 blocks at Hayle, while iron is seen in railway bridges and footbridges. Types gazetteer Northern Mine Research Society Newsletter, Dec 2004 and their construction are described with a of the bridges. Panel for Historical Engineering Works Newsletter, 104, Dec 2004 SAVE Britain's Heritage Newsletter, April/May 2005 Cornwall's lndustrial Heritage, by Peter Stanier. Truro: Twelveheads Press. 2005. 52 pp, illus. Scottish lndustrial Heritage Society Bulletin,37, Summer 2005 68 lSBN 0 906294 57 6. f4.s0. mines, ports, Somerset lndustrial Archaeology Society Bulletin, 97, Dec 2004 While china clay, lighthouses and railways have been covered by other volumes in the Twelveheads South Wiltshire lndustrial Archaeology Society Bulletin,80, Sept series, this book covers them 2004 alongside some less well-known Cornish industries such as breweries, Surrey lndustrial History Group Newsletter, 145, May 2005 brickworks, canals, cable and wireless communications, explosives, famous (notably TICCIH Bulletin,28, Spring 2005 foundries and engineering works Harveys of Hayle Holman Brothers quarries, WaterWords, (News from Hereford Waterworks Museum), Spring 2005 of Camborne and the Perran Foundry), limekilns, mills, stone turnpike roads, smelters Worcestershire lA & Local History Society lournal, 28, Summer 2005 and workers' housing. Even military works of an Yorkshire Archaeological Society, lndustrial History Section industrial scale are included, from Victorian forts to WWll airfields and coastal defence. gazetteer Newsletter, No. 64, Spring 2005 A brief outline to each topic is followed by a of the most imoortant or accessible sites. Yorkshire History Quarterly, Vol. 10, No.4, May 2005

Derbyshire lndustrial Archaeology. A Catalogue Sites. l. Books Received and Short Notices of Part Borough of the High Peak, revised by David Brumhead. Derbyshire The following books have been notified or received for review in lndustrial Archaeology Society, 2004. f3.75 + 35p p&p from New Mills Heritage Archaeology Review. Centre, Rock Mill Lane, New Mills, High Peak, 5K22 3BN. David Brumhead has been largely responsible for updating and revising Civil Engineering in Context, by Sir Alan Muir Wood. London: Thomas the information for this new version of the first edition published in 1984, Telford 1td.2004.256 pp.|SBN 07277 3257 9. f 19.95. describing 158 sites in the civil parishes of High Peak.The essential criterion Sir Alan Muir Wood sits in the pantheon of great civil engineers of the for inclusion is that there mist be some physical remains on the site (often twentieth century, His book contains many personal reminiscences of his life altered) and where possible historical notes have been incorporated. There as an engineer from early days as a wartime marine engineer in the Royal are 1 3 photographic illustrations. Navy through his more than 25-year career as a partner and senior partner with Halcrow and as a tunnelling engineer of world renown. He ranges A history of Simpson's Mill, Shudehill, Manchester, by Bernard across many topics which directly affect the role of the engineer and also Champness. Manchester Regional Industrial Archaeology Society, 2004, discusses his contribution to some of the major projects of the twentieth 16pp + insert and CD, 150 illus. No ISBN or price. century such as the Channel Tunnel. The book provides an enlightening Arkwright's first textile mill in Manchester stood on this site. insight into the civil engineer and Documentary research shows that the original 1783 mill had an atmospheric civil engineering through the eyes of engine to pump water to feed the waterwheels. In 1791 this was replaced eminent one of its most COLLIDITIES IN THE with a Boulton & Watt sun and planet engine, drawings for which survive. protagonists. STAFFORDSHIRE NORTH Further engines were added in 1 793 and 1 799. The mill was extended and COALF IE LD largely rebuilt by 1888, and was eventually destroyed in the blitz. Limited Collieries in the North excavation and a ground radar survey have added some detail, but both Staffordshire Coalfield, Paul by available manpower and the limitations imposed by the site owners have Deakin. Ashbourne: Landmark prevented a full excavation and survey. Publishing. 2004. 160 pp, 288 illus. ISBN 1 84306 138 Hardback 4. lndustrial Railways of the South West, by Michael Messenger. Truro: f 19.95. Twelveheads Press. 2005. 96 pp, 142 illus. lSBN 0 906294 592. f9.50. This is a superb photographic A fascinating collection of photographs, mostly taken by the author in coalfield's record of 29 of the the 1960s when many industrial railways of all gauges were still working collieries since nationalisation in with steam or diesel locomotives, or something of interest still remained. The 1947. There the are views from book does not set out to cover everything, but merely those sites which were Metcalfe Collection the 1950s of photographed at the time. Their range is impressive. Not surprisingly, and'60s, but most are the author's extractive industries are prominent. Mining includes South Crofty tin mine,

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 17 PUBTICATIONS

Camborne, and the Great Rock micaceous iron ore mine in Devon. The both volumes have been brought together by the Landmark Collector's quarry section has views of the famous Delabole slate quarry and the Penlee Library. As in his Cornish books, Hamilton Jenkin concentrates on the less on Quarry at Newlyn, where a narrow gauge line took roadstone to a shipping well-known mines, mostly around the fringes of Dartmoor but not pier in 1901-72. Aspects of the china clay industry include small temporary Exmoor. As well as the historical facts he also comments on the surviving tracks at the pan kilns, and steam locos with unusually low cabs at the port structures, supported by records from the pioneering engine-house of Par. There are scenes on the Lee Moor Tramway on the edge of Dartmoor photographer Geoffrey 0rdish. Peter Laughton's new introduction and around the ball clay mines of north Devon. Furthest east are the ball clay acknowledges Hamilton Jenkin's influence on mining research in the second tramways of Purbeck in Dorset. Among other industries represented are half on the twentieth century stimulating much detailed work on individual Falmouth docks, Pentewan harbour concrete works, Exeter and Torquay mines, and says this book in its new form is a starting point for a journey gasworks, a milk depot and a peat works on the Somerset Levels. There is into the mining history of Devon. much more, of which the two most unusual small tramways are seen on St Michael's Mount and at the North Light on remote Lundy lsland. Moving Manchester: Aspects of the History of Transport in the City and Region since 1700, ed. by Derek Brumhead &TerryWyke. Manchester: ln the Wake of the 'Flower of Gloster', by John Kemplay. Chipping Lancashire & Cheshire Antiquarian Society. 2005. 298 pp. Hardback f21.00 Campden: Ronald Crowhurst & Co, 5 West End Terrace, Glos GL55 6AX, + f4 p&p from Lancashire & CheshireAntiquarian Society, Portico Library, 57 2004. 41 pp, 23 illus. lSBN 0 9518964 2 3. f.12.95 incl p&p. Mosley Street, Manchester M2 3HY. The novelist Temple Thurston's delightful if sentimental 'journey of This volume provides a valuable and original collection of 15 illustrated discovery'by canal in May 191 1 became a minor classic of its kind. A essays on different aspects of the history of transport from the industrial growing interest developed through various editions, this time with an revolution to the present day. Essays include the archaeology of introduction by David Viner analysing what is fact and fiction on the journey Manchester's early waterfronts, the Mersey & lrwell Navigation, road traffic from Oxford towards Birmingham via Wanruick, thence to Stratford and in expanding urban areas, railway warehouses, Bugsworth Basin, railway down the River Avon to Tewkesbury. A 'missing' section via the Severn impact on late Victorian Manchester, public transport provision, bicycle created a link into the Cotswold canals for the memorable experience of manufacture, the motor industry, airfields, canal restoration and the traversing the Thames & Severn Canal at the very end of its working life, Manchester Transport Museum. making one of the last recorded workings through Sapperton tunnel and along the summit level. John Kemplay has written a welcome reconstruction Oxon Brews: The Story of Commercial Brewing in Oxfordshire, by of Temple Thurston's journey, describing and photographing what is there Mike Brown. Brewery History Society.2004.216 pp, illus.ISBN 0 87396612 now and comparing the earlier description. He has selected good 1. f12.50. photographs and offers an enjoyable read and a pleasant reminder of the This is the latest of the Brewery History Society's successful county delights of canal wandering, on foot as well as by boat, producing on the series. lt documents brewing in Oxfordshire from the earliest evidence, such 'l way a valuable contemporary record to add to this particular branch of canal as records of brewing at Henley on Thames in 300, the latest micro to open. literature. Towns and villages are listed alphabetically, with details of their breweries. Public houses are also mentioned, especially those with brewing Memoirs 2004, British Mining No. 75, by various authors. Northern Mine backgrounds. Familiar names of brewers such as Halls, Hanleys and Monells Research Society, n.d. 128 pp, illus. ISSN 0308-2199 (Free to members) are included, and the author documents the Brakspears' story from its In this collection of eight papers, John Goodchild's documentary-based earliest days until the successful move to Witney. A good account is also account of the Ingham family from Thornhill near Dewsbury throws much given of the rise of Hook Norton as a much respected producer of fine ales. light on the extent to which the country gentry might exploit the mineral resources and industrial potential of their land. Alan Crosby similarly Sheffield, by Ruth Harman & John Minnis. London: Yale University Press. investigates a royalties dispute involving the Earl of Wilton's estates, and 2004. 320 pp, 1 70 illus. ISBN 0 300 1 0585 1 . f9.99. reveals that many of the country's aristocracy were equally assiduous in This Pevsner City Guide is the first comprehensive architectural guide to exploiting mineral rights, even though they might be reluctant to Sheffield, describing the buildings of the city centre and the inner suburbs. acknowledge their trade connections too openly. The acquisition of an estate It also covers the lower Don valley, the heart of Sheffield's steel industry. by a man in trade for the purpose of industrial development is looked at in lllustrated throughout with specially commissioned photographs Nigel Chapman's article on the Brades Coal and Steel Works in 0ldbury. Field augmented by historic maps, paintings and drawings, the book enables and documentary research is the basis of P Joseph's survey of the standing residents to look at familiar buildings in a fresh light and encourages visitors remains atWheal Hearle, near 5t Just, and Catherine Mills provides a short to discover Sheffield's enticing contrasts of industrial heritage and natural quantitative study of the relationship between a worker's age and accident beauty. frequency in Cornish mining. Shorter papers include the financial problems of iron mining in Eskdale and explosives in lead mining around Alston. Stationary Steam Engines of Great Britain, Vol. | 0, by George Watkins. Ashbourne: Landmark Publishing.

Mines of Devoa by A.K. Hamilton 2005. 272 pp, 118 illus. ISBN 1 Jenkin. Ashbourne: Landmark 84306 1 07 4. Hardback f26.99. Publishing. 2005, 192 pp, 46 illus. The final volume in this lsBN 1 84306 1740.f19.99 ambitious series covers This is a welcome, if long photographs of marine engines awaited, publication of a respected taken by the late George Watkins. mining historian, author of the 16 There is also a significant section on slim volumes Mines & Miners of subscribers' comments and Cornwall which were oublished in feedback on engines featured in the 1961-70. Turning his attention previous volumes, giving corrections eastwards, his work on Devon mines and the latest news of several of the was originally published in two engines. This is followed by the parts, South Devon by David & International Steam Engine Society Charles in 1974 and North Devon listing of known surviving engines posthumously and privately in just a from all ten volumes. few copies in 1981. NoW at last

18 INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 PUBLICATIONS

The Steam Engine at Wrotham Park, by Denis Smith, lan C. White, Nigel The Watermills of Tiverton, by Barbara Keene. Tiverton: Leat Press. 2004. Picken & Brian Strong. Greater London lA Society. 2005. 33 pp, I 5 illus. ISBN 84 pp, illus. f12 (incl p&p), obtainable from the author,27 Water Lane, 0 90504236 0. Tiverton, Devon EXl 6 6RA. A survey of a Grasshopper beam engine by Easton & Amos at the Home Tiverton was one o{ the major centres for Devon's woollen industries. Farm, Wrotham Park near Barnet, Herts. The report includes historical This book documents the mills that provided the town's wealth and accounts and measured drawings. The survey was the result of work by influenced the character of the place we know today, including 36 sites members of WEA classes and the Cuffley Industrial Heritage Society. throughout the parish. There is much new material for those interested in the history of Tiverton. lhunder Underground - Northumberland Mine Disasters l8l5-1865, Women at work on London's trcnsport | 905-1978, by Anna Rotondaro. by Roy Thompson. Ashbourne: Stroud: Tempus Publishing. 2004. 128 pp, illus. ISBN 0 7524 3265 6. f12.99. Landmark Publishing.2004. 192 pp, considerable interest to the social or feminist historian. this book 116 illus. |SBN 1 84306 169 4. 0f suffers from having a mere two pages of introduction. A fuller overall picture Hardback fl 9.95. problems of the introduction female labour into Based around nine colliery of the and consequences of work areas which had been an exclusively male province would have been disasters in Northumberland and valuable. Nevertheless, the photographs tell the story well. What had been a the inouests held before the same reluctant expedient in the First World War was embraced whole-heartedly in corone; Stephen Reed, who was the Second when women proved capable of handling virtually every job men considered by the miners to be biased. Profusely illustrated, with had done. Nevertheless, once hostilities ended work successfully undertaken women was returned to men. The book makes clear that in one of London period sketches and early by Transport's best-known activities, advertising, women artists made a major photographs, the book is more than contribution. The photographs incidentally reveal quite a lot about light and this. The early part of the book sets heavy engineering practice in the 1940s as well as the impact of enemy the scene and describes the men bombing. involved in the working of coal: the owners, viewers, hewers and putters. Housing, the pits, pumping, winding and underground haulage are covered too. Special attention is given to the importance of ventilation and lighting, both relevant to many accidents in the mines, the latter mentions the controversy between Davy THE BOOK HOUSE and Stephenson overe the invention of the first safety lamp. There are also brief biographies of the 'captains of coal', the key players in the early The leading industrial archaeology booksellers since nineteenth-centurv Northumberland industry. 1963 - books on all aspects oftechnology & transport Lrsrs rssuED - Fneg SEARCH sERVrcE TBC PRINT SERYICES LIMITED Our new shop is now open, near the top of the village street, adjoining Fallowfield MORE THAN JUST ANOTHER PRINTER! The Book House, Fallowfield, Ravenstonedale, We provide a complete in-house service lor all kinds of print work, including Kirkby Stephen, Westmoreland CA17 4NG large lormat posters, transparencies for overhead projection presentations, perfect binding tor dissertations etc, saddle stitch binding for pamphlets etc, Telephone and Fax: 015396-23634 single and full colour printing from 5 to 50,000 copies, business stationery e-mail : mail@the bookhouse.co.uk (including NCR forms) - the list is pretty much endless. Open except Sunday Tuesday: 10am-5pm 3c Sunrise Business Park, Blandford Forum, Dorsel DTl1 8ST daily & Telephone 01258 453178/488990 Facsimile 01258 488992 or visit our bookstall at many IA conferences Email: [email protected]

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INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 134 19 DIARY

2-8 SEPTEMBER 2OO5 A (+32) 56.253313 22 OCTOBER PLEASE AISO VIEW THE AIA DERBYSHIRE or (+32) 56.235974, WILTSHIRE BIENNIAL IA AIA WEBSITE'S DIARY CONFERENCE 2OO5 Fax: (+32) 56.255173, SYMPOSIUM SECTION FOR MORE at Nottingham University, the at the Wharf Theatre, Devizes, talks E-mail: [email protected] DETAILS OF THE LATEST annual AIA conference, AGM and include Combe Down, Bristol or visit the website: NOTICES OF further lectures and visits related to www.conservare.be Channel lost ports, Wiltshire Derbyshire. Last minute enquires to workhouses and Claverton and CONFERENCES AND 21 oCTOBER 2005 Simon Thomas, AIA Liaison 0fficer; Sutton Poyntz pumping stations. MEETINGS WATERMILLS READING School of Archaeology and Ancient - Programme and ticket f8 from THE CLUES History, University of Leicester, Wiltshire Archaeological & Natural at the Weald & Downland Open Air Leicester LEl 7RH 8 0116 252 History Society, 41 Long Street, Museum, Sussex, SPAB Mills section 5337, Fax: 0116 252 5005, e-mail: Devizes, Wilts SNl0 1NS, 8 01380 one-day course with three experts [email protected] 727369 sharing their practical knowledge 1 ocToBER 2005 and experience using evidence from 24-26 oCTOBER 2005 EMIAC 70 a variety of watermills. lf your MUSEUMS ASSOCIATION at Towcester. the 70th East Midlands professional responsibilities involve ANNUAL CONFERENCE &

I ndustrial Archaeological Conference, watermills, this course is for you. lt EXHIBITION hosted by the Northamptonshire will help you interpret the at Queen Elizabeth ll Conference Industrial Archaeology Group. The watermill's significance; develop- Centre, London. Information at conference will look at the lndustrial ment of buildings and machinery; www.museumsassociation.org, or History of Towcester, a market town their unique character; and Museums Association. 24 Calvin with links to the iron, steel, woollen significant features and surviving Street, London E1 6NW, E 020 and leather industries going back evidence as keys to conservation. 7426 6910 nearly 2,000 years. Further details Details and booking form from SPAB 29-30 oCTOBER 2005 from Jan Fajkus, 101, Holly Road, Mills Section,3T 5pital Square, YORKSHIRE RESEARCH Northampton, NN1 4QN. E-mail: London El 6DY DIRECTIONS [email protected] 21-23 oCTOBER 2005 at the University of Sheffield, the 7-10 ocToBER 200s THE WONDERFUT SPMA Autumn Conference to assess CONSERVARE 2OO5 WINDMILLS OF the cunent state of archaeological at Kortrijk, the European Heritage LINCOLNSHIRE work in the region, and to set the INDUSTRIAI ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS Forum will be a dynamic, bustling and based at Lincoln, a weekend coach research agenda for the next decade. (formerly AIA Bulletin ISSN 0309-0051) eye-catching event, with a trade fai[ tour to take in a number of mills. Contact Hugh Willmott, Department tssN 1354-1455 exhibitions, workshops, conferences some specially opened for the visit. of Archaeology, University of and site visits. For details contact 0rganised by Lindum Heritage, Sheffield, Northgate House, West Editor: Dr Peter Stanier Conservare bvba the European contact Zoe Tomlinson, 8 01522 Street, Sheffield 51 4EI I 0114 Published by the Association for lndustrial Heritage Forum, Vlamingstraat 4, B- 851388, or visit the website 2222940, Fax 0114 272 2563, E- Archaeology. Contributions should be 8560 Wevelgem, Flanders-Belgium, www. I indumheritage.co. uk mail: [email protected] sent to the Editoc Dr Peter Stanier 49 Breach Lane Shaftesbury Dorset SP7 9LF. News and press releases may be sent to the Editor or the appropriate AIA Regional Correspondents. The Editor may be telephoned on 01747 854707 or e-mail:

a i a n ews I etter@ ya h oo. co. u k.

Final copy dates are as follows:

1 January for February mailing 'l April for May mailing 1 July for August mailing I October for November mailing

The AIA was established in 1973 to promote the study of lndustrial Archaeology and encourage inproved standards of recording, ruearch, conservation and publication. lt aims to assist and support regional and specialist survey groups and bodies involved in the preseruation of industrial monunents, to represent the interests of lndustrial Archaeology at national level, to hold conferences and seminars and to publish the results of research. The AIA publisha an annual Review and quarterly Nevvs bulletin. Further details may be obtained from the Liaison Officec AIA Office, School of Archaeological Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester LEI 7RH. 8 0l l6 252 5337 Fax: 01 16 252 5005.

The views exoressed in this bulletin are not necessarily those of the Association for Industrial Archaeology.

20 @ Association for Industrial Archaeology, August 2005 Registered in England under the Companies Act 1948 (No. 1326854) and the Charities Act 1960 (No. 27751 1) Registered office: c/o |GML Coach Road, Coalbrookdale, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7DQ