Trabajo De Diploma

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Trabajo De Diploma Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica Departamento de Automática y Sistemas Computacionales TRABAJO DE DIPLOMA Virtualización de la Red UCLV Autor: Okier Arzola Rodríguez Tutor: M.Sc: Miriel Martín Mesa M.Sc: Manuel Oliver Domínguez Santa Clara 2011 "Año 53 de la Revolución" Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica Departamento de Automática y Sistemas Computacionales TRABAJO DE DIPLOMA Virtualización de la Red UCLV Autor: Okier Arzola Rodríguez [email protected] Tutor: M.Sc: Miriel Martín Mesa CEETA, Facultad de Ing. Mecánica, UCLV Email: [email protected] M.Sc: Manuel Oliver Domínguez Dpto. de Automática, Facultad de Ing. Eléctrica, UCLV Email: [email protected] Santa Clara 2011 "Año 53 de la Revolución" Hago constar que el presente trabajo de diploma fue realizado en la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas como parte de la culminación de estudios de la especialidad de Ingeniería en Automática, autorizando a que el mismo sea utilizado por la Institución, para los fines que estime conveniente, tanto de forma parcial como total y que además no podrá ser presentado en eventos, ni publicados sin autorización de la Universidad. Firma del Autor Los abajo firmantes certificamos que el presente trabajo ha sido realizado según acuerdo de la dirección de nuestro centro y el mismo cumple con los requisitos que debe tener un trabajo de esta envergadura referido a la temática señalada. Firma del Autor Firma del Jefe de Departamento donde se defiende el trabajo Firma del Responsable de Información Científico-Técnica i PENSAMIENTO El futuro tiene muchos nombres. Para los débiles es lo inalcanzable. Para los temerosos, lo desconocido. Para los valientes es la oportunidad. Víctor Hugo ii DEDICATORIA A mi mamá la persona más importante y que más quiero en mi vida por apoyarme, darme amor, cariño y confiar siempre en mí sin pedirme nada a cambio. A mi hermana por darme consejos y estar siempre a mi lado, apoyarme y quererme. A mi papá por confiar en mí y estar siempre tan pendiente de mi universidad. A Mariulita mi novia por insistir tanto en mi educación y darme todo el amor del mundo iii AGRADECIMIENTOS Este trabajo es símbolo de la culminación de muchos años de esfuerzo y sacrificio para al fin cumplir con uno de mis grandes sueños, hacerme Ingeniero. Qué mejor momento que este para agradecer a aquellos, los cuales de una forma u otra contribuyeron en mi formación profesional. Ofrezco disculpas si cometo alguna omisión, realmente será involuntaria. Es imposible para mí dejar escapar esta oportunidad sin mencionar a personas que sobre todas las cosas me han tenido presente y me han apoyado. A mi mamá que con su incondicionalidad me dio la oportunidad de ser todo lo que soy y contribuyó a mi formación profesional. A Mariulita por ser todo para mí A mis tutores Miriel y Manuel por su ayuda durante toda la etapa de culminación de mis estudios universitarios. A mis compañeros del DIC (Dirección de Informatización y Comunicación) en especial a Alcides por apoyarme todo este tiempo. A mi amigo y hermano Nacho Vidal (yoe) por apoyarme en importantes momentos de mi vida. A mis amigos Arián, Héctor (el flaco), Alién, Alejandro a todos en general. A todas las personas que de una forma u otra contribuyeron en mi formación. A todos muchas GRACIAS. iv RESUMEN Después de la remodelación del local del nodo central de la red de la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, se comenzó la creación del proyecto de virtualización. Para garantizar que los nuevos servidores ubicados en “La Puerta” sean utilizados al máximo de sus recursos. Se instaló después de un estudio de las principales plataforma para virtualizar escogiendo el software líder por sus características VMware con todas aplicaciones. v TABLA DE CONTENIDOS PENSAMIENTO ..................................................................................................................... i DEDICATORIA .................................................................................................................... ii AGRADECIMIENTOS ........................................................................................................ iii RESUMEN ............................................................................................................................ iv TABLA DE CONTENIDOS .................................................................................................. v INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................. 8 CIPÍTULO I. CLOUD COMPUTING. NUEVA ERA DE DESARROLLO ...................... 10 1.1 Breve reseña histórica de la virtualización ............................................................. 10 1.2 ¿Para qué sirve la virtualización? ........................................................................... 11 1.3 Ventajas y desventajas de la virtualización ............................................................ 12 1.4 Algunos aspectos sobre la virtualización ............................................................... 14 1.5 Impacto de la virtualización ................................................................................... 15 1.6 ¿La virtualización incrementa la seguridad? .......................................................... 16 1.7 Recuperación de desastres ...................................................................................... 18 1.8 ¿Qué es un hipervisor? ........................................................................................... 19 1.9 De la virtualización a la nube ................................................................................. 20 1.10 Tipos de Nubes existentes .................................................................................. 23 1.11 Beneficios importantes de estos tres tipos de nube ............................................ 25 1.12 Conclusiones del capítulo ................................................................................... 26 CAPÍTULO II. PRINCIPALES PLATAFORMAS DE VIRTUALIZACIÓN .................... 27 2.1 Herramientas de virtualización libres para sistemas GNU/Linux .......................... 28 2.2 Ubuntu plataforma de nube .................................................................................... 29 vi 2.3 Virtualización con Xen en Debian y paravirtualización ....................................... 30 2.4 Clasificación OpenVZ ............................................................................................ 33 2.5 Parallels Desktop .................................................................................................... 36 2.6 Oracle ..................................................................................................................... 38 2.6.1. Oracle Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) .................................................. 40 2.6.2. Oracle Secure Global Desktop ........................................................................ 40 2.7 Virtual PC ............................................................................................................... 41 2.8 Virtual Box ............................................................................................................. 43 2.9 VMware .................................................................................................................. 46 2.9.1. VMware Player ............................................................................................... 47 2.9.2. VMware vCenter Converter ............................................................................ 48 2.9.3. VMware Server ............................................................................................... 49 2.9.4. VMware Workstation ..................................................................................... 51 2.9.5. VMware ESXi y ESX ..................................................................................... 52 2.9.6. VMware Tools ................................................................................................ 55 2.10 Conclusiones del capítulo ................................................................................... 56 CAPÍTULO III: SOLUCIONES PARA LA UCLV ............................................................. 57 3.1 Estructura de la Red UCLV ................................................................................... 57 3.1.1 Nodos de la UCLV ......................................................................................... 59 3.2 Servidores ubicados en “La Puerta” ....................................................................... 61 3.3 Principales servicios que brinda la Red de la UCLV ............................................ 63 3.4 La elección es VMware vSphere 4.1 ...................................................................... 65 3.5 Análisis económico ................................................................................................ 68 3.6 Conclusiones del capítulo ...................................................................................... 68 vii CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES ................................................................... 70 Conclusiones ..................................................................................................................... 70 Recomendaciones ............................................................................................................. 71 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
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