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Police Patrol Car, the William Donald Piercy
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume 45 | Issue 6 Article 19 1955 Police Patrol Car, The William Donald Piercy Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation William Donald Piercy, Police Patrol Car, The, 45 J. Crim. L. Criminology & Police Sci. 748 (1954-1955) This Criminology is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. THE POLICE PATROL CAR WILLIAM DONALD PIERCY The author is a graduate of the School of Criminology of the University of California and is now enrolled as a law student at Hastings College of Law. Prior to his enroll- ment in the University of California, Mr. Piercy served two tours of duty with the United States Air Force. His article was prepared as a special project during his senior year in the School of Criminology and presents an interesting and valuable analysis of the police patrol car.-EDrroR The duties of the motorized patrolman, like the foot patrolman, are multifarious. They range from the pursuit and apprehension of criminals to the rendering of first- aid to the injured. To achieve maximum effectiveness, the car used by the motor patrolman must facilitate each of his many activities. Perfect suitability to every task may not be possible, but carefully made compromises will ensure that the patrolman's vehicle is an asset to him in every situation. -
UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE 59 Session 7 November to 7 December 2016 PARTNERSHIP for OPEN SOCIETY INITIATIVE's J
UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE 59th Session 7 November to 7 December 2016 PARTNERSHIP FOR OPEN SOCIETY INITIATIVE’S JOINT SUBMISSION TO THE COMMITTEE AGAINST TORTURE ON THE FOURTH PERIODIC REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA REGARDING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE AND OTHER CRUEL, INHUMAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT OF PUNISHMENT October 17, 2016, Yerevan, Armenia Hereby, the Partnership for Open Society Initiative,1 representing more than 60 civil society organizations, presents a joint submission prepared by the following civil society organizations, public monitoring groups, human rights lawyers and attorneys: 1. Coalition to Stop Violence Against Women; 2. Center for Rights Development NGO; 3. Committee to Protect Freedom of Expression; 4. Foundation Against the Violation of Law NGO; 5. Helsinki Citizens’ Assembly–Vanadzor; 6. Helsinki Committee of Armenia Human Rights Defender NGO; 7. Journalists' Club Asparez; 8. Open Society Foundations – Armenia; 9. Protection of Rights without Borders NGO; 10. Rule of Law Human Rights NGO; 11. Group of Public Monitors Implementing Supervision over the Criminal-Executive Institutions and Bodies of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Armenia; 12. Public Monitoring Group at the Detention Facilities of the Police of the Republic of Armenia; 13. Davit Khachaturyan, Justice Group, Open Society-Foundations-Armenia, Expert, Ph.D; 14. Inessa Petrosyan, Attorney; 15. Tigran Hayrapetyan, Attorney; 16. Tigran Safaryan, Attorney; 17. Vahe Grigoryan, Attorney, Legal Consultant at EHRAC (Middlesex University). Contacts Persons David Amiryan Karine Ghazaryan Open Society Foundations-Armenia Open Society Foundations-Armenia Deputy Director for Programs Civil Society Program Coordinator E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] 1 http://www.partnership.am/en/index 1 Contents INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... -
Police Body-Mounted Cameras: with Right Policies in Place, a Win for All
Police Body-Mounted Cameras: With Right Policies in Place, a Win For All By Jay Stanley, ACLU Senior Policy Analyst October, 2013 Introduction1 When a New York judge found that the NYPD’s stop and frisk tactics violated the constitutional rights of New Yorkers, one of the remedies she ordered was for the department to begin testing wearable police cameras, sparking debate and discussion of the technology there. These “on-officer recording systems” (also called “body cams” or “cop cams”) are small, pager- sized cameras that clip on to an officer’s uniform or sunglasses or are worn as a headset, and record audio and video of the officer’s interactions with the public. We have heard reports of police body cameras being deployed in numerous cities, and one prominent manufacturer told NBC that it had sold them to “hundreds of departments.” The ACLU has commented on police body cameras in the media several times over the years (and in stories surrounding the stop and frisk ruling), but the ACLU’s views on this technology are a little more complicated than can be conveyed through quotes in a news story. Although we generally take a dim view of the proliferation of surveillance cameras in American life, police on-body cameras are different because of their potential to serve as a check against the abuse of power by police officers. Historically, there was no documentary evidence of most encounters between police officers and the public, and due to the volatile nature of those encounters, this often resulted in radically divergent accounts of incidents. -
Social Protest in Imperial Japan
IDENTIFYING THE “PEOPLE” Who were these rioters or protestors? The visual record of The Tokyo Riot Graphic not only confirms what we learn from other sources. In two important ways relating to class and to gender, it extends our understanding. Arrest and trial records show the participants, or at least those targeted by the police and the prosecutor, to be quite diverse in occupation and social class. Occupations of People Arrested or tried in Tokyo Riots, 1905–18 Incidents, Incidents, In 1908 1905 & Feb 1913 & Incidents, occupational Occupation: Sept. 1906: Feb 1914: 1918: census: Merchant/tradesman 91 (28%) 64 (30%) 60 (24%) (41%) Artisan 82 (25%) 27 (13%) 22 (9%) (7%) Outdoor labor/ 28 (9%) 13 (6%) 47 (19%) (6%) building trades Transport/rickshaw 29 (9%) 10 (5%) 7 (3%) (11%) Factory labor 44 (14%) 16 (8%) 53 (21%) (14%) Student 10 (3%) 41 (19%) 10 (4%) Professional/white collar 13 (4%) 8 (4%) 28 (11%) (12%) Unemployed 20 (6%) 7 (3%) 13 (5%) (1%) Other 10 (3%) 7 (3%) 13 (5%) (10%) Totals: 327 214 249 712,215 Source: Andrew Gordon, Labor and Imperial Democracy in Prewar Japan (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991) The only social group significantly under-represented relative to the city’s population among those arrested was the professional class of bureaucrats, doctors, lawyers, journalists, and managers, a category which encompasses the very people who organized the gatherings that ended in riot. Wage labor, broadly defined, was a major element in the crowd, with artisans a leading component in the 1905 (and again in 1906) riots, and factory labor more prominent by 1918. -
Brochure.Pdf
東京都 小金井市 東 京 学 芸 大 学 Message from the President The mission statement of Tokyo Gakugei University captures the core aim of the university as follows: “to develop talented educators who possess rich creativity and practical classroom skills backed by both advanced specialized knowledge and well-rounded general knowledge.” Today society is becoming increasingly complex and diverse. Society is graying with the decrease in the birthrate. Humankind faces challenges in relation to the environment, resources, and energy. Society must also address the issues of poverty, regional conflict, and school bullying. To respond to the needs and demands of Japanese society as one of the nation’s core universities specialized in teacher training, Tokyo Gakugei University seeks to contribute to the resolution of education issues surrounding society as well as pupils and students. Toshisada Deguchi History Tokyo Gakugei University (TGU) was established in May 1949, integrating four normal schools operating in Tokyo at that time. The predecessors to these normal schools were the Tokyo School of Training Elementary School Teachers, established in 1873, the Tokyo Women’s Normal School, established in 1900, and others. Since its founding, TGU has sent many graduates out into the field of education nationwide, and has a long history of achievement in training educators. Statistics As of May 1, 2015 Number of Students 6,526 Research and Educational Institutes 10 ▶ Undergraduate……………………………………………………………4,843 ▶ Field Studies Institute for Environmental Education ▶ -
Key Issues in the Police Use of Pedestrian Stops and Searches
RESEARCH PAPERS Key Issues in the Police Use of Pedestrian Stops and Searches Discussion Papers from an Urban Institute Roundtable AUGUST 2012 Editors: Nancy La Vigne Pamela Lachman Andrea Matthews S. Rebecca Neusteter URBAN INSTITUTE Justice Policy Center Copyright © 2012. The Urban Institute. Permission is granted for reproduction of this file, with attribution to the Urban Institute. This project was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 2010-CK-WX-K019 awarded by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, U.S. Department of Justice. The opinions contained herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. References to specific agencies, companies, products, or services should not be considered an endorsement by the author(s) or the U.S. Department of Justice. Rather, the references are illustrations to supplement discussion of the issues. ii Contents Preface iv Examining Law Enforcement Use of Pedestrian Stops and Searches 1 Pamela Lachman, Nancy La Vigne, and Andrea Matthews Police Field Stops: What Do We Know, and What Does It Mean? 12 Jack R. Greene, Ph.D. What About the Other 99%? The Broader Impact of Street Stops on Minority Communities 24 Carla Shedd The Impact of Stop and Frisk Policies upon Police Legitimacy 30 Tom R. Tyler and Jeffrey Fagan Using Stop and Search Powers Responsibly: The Law Enforcement Executive’s Perspective 37 Superintendent Garry McCarthy iii Preface In the activities routinely associated with a patrol officer’s job, engaging with citizens in public spaces features prominently. One form of such engagement is the street stop, whereby an officer stops and questions a pedestrian based on reasonable suspicion that the pedestrian is—or was recently—engaged in unlawful activity. -
Support for Crime Victims by the Police
Specific measures to support crime victims ① Consideration and provision of information for crime victims during the consultation and investigation process Creation and distribution of crime victim guide The victims are unfamiliar with the details of support that they can receive to recover and mitigate the damage caused by the crime and criminal proceedings, and such information needs to be provided quickly and comprehensively. Therefore, prefectural police has created “Brochure for Crime Victims” which describe the overview of criminal proceedings, request for cooperation in investigation, and systems and support organizations/desks available for crime victims. “Brochure for Crime Victims” is usually distributed to victims of physical crimes such as murder, injury, and sexual crimes, as well as victims of major traffic accidents such as hit-and-runs and accidents resulting in death, by investigators in charge of questioning, who will explain the contents then. “Brochure for Crime Victims” contain the following information: Overview of criminal proceedings and request for cooperation in investigation Support personnel system for crime victims Systems related to information on criminal proceedings and status of investigation Systems available for trials Systems for securing safety Financial support and various support and welfare systems Support for psychological trauma Various consulting organizations/desks In addition, the guides provided to traffic accident victims and surviving family members include: Information on automobile insurance systems (automobile liability insurance, etc.) and automobile compensation security programs The guides are also translated into English and other languages for foreign crime victims by each prefectural police as necessary. Brochure for Crime Victims For traffic accidents/crimes Guides in foreign languages System for contacting crime victims Information related to the status of investigation and the disposition of perpetrators is very important to the victim. -
Police Body Worn Cameras and Privacy: Retaining Benefits While Reducing Public Concerns
POLICE BODY WORN CAMERAS AND PRIVACY: RETAINING BENEFITS WHILE REDUCING PUBLIC CONCERNS RICHARD LIN† ABSTRACT Recent high-profile incidents of police misconduct have led to calls for increased police accountability. One proposed reform is to equip police officers with body worn cameras, which provide more reliable evidence than eyewitness accounts. However, such cameras may pose privacy concerns for individuals who are recorded, as the footage may fall under open records statutes that would require the footage to be released upon request. Furthermore, storage of video data is costly, and redaction of video for release is time-consuming. While exempting all body camera video from release would take care of privacy issues, it would also prevent the public from using body camera footage to uncover misconduct. Agencies and lawmakers can address privacy problems successfully by using data management techniques to identify and preserve critical video evidence, and allowing non-critical video to be deleted under data-retention policies. Furthermore, software redaction may be used to produce releasable video that does not threaten the privacy of recorded individuals. INTRODUCTION In the aftermath of a controversial shooting of an unarmed man by a police officer in Ferguson, Missouri,1 many police departments † Duke University School of Law, J.D. 2016; Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, UPTP-017B 2010; Rutgers College, B.A. Physics, Political Science, and History 2010. This note is dedicated in the memory of Officer Christopher Matlosz, #317, Lakewood Police Department, New Jersey, End of Watch January 14, 2011. Special thanks to Professor Lisa Griffin, whose endless patience was crucial to the development of this note, and to Stacy Jen, whose endless patience was crucial to the completion of my Juris Doctor. -
National Museum Leaflet Download
Chronology related Chronology related to the Senkaku Islands How to use to Takeshima Admission fee: free 1885 (Meiji 18) onward Okinawa Prefecture conducted a field survey of the Senkaku Opening hours: 10:00~18:00 17th century Under license from the Edo shogunate government, Islands and carefully confirmed that they were not under the Japanese began hunting sea lions and catching rule of any country. Museum closed: Saturdays, Sundays, national holidays, abalone in Takeshima. January 14, 1895 (Meiji 28) The Government of Japan incorporated the Senkaku Islands and the New Year holiday period (12/29~1/3) January 28, 1905 (Meiji 38) The Government of Japan incorporated Takeshima into into the territory of Japan, based on a Cabinet Decision, * Extra opening day is the third Saturday of every month. We are also open till the territory of Shimane Prefecture, based on a Cabinet and they were placed under the jurisdiction of Okinawa 19:00 on Wednesday in the same week as the extra opening day. Decision, and it was placed under the jurisdiction of the Prefecture. * Opening hours and museum closed days are subject to change. Oki Islands. For more information, please visit our website. 1896 (Meiji 29) onward After obtaining the permission of the Meiji government, February 22, 1905 (Meiji 38) The Governor of Shimane Prefecture made the official Tatsushiro Koga commenced development of the Senkaku announcement. Islands. Many Japanese people lived on the Senkaku Islands September 8, 1951 (Showa 26) The signing of the San Francisco Peace Treaty: and worked in bonito flake factories primarily in the fishing How to get to the Museum industry and in collecting bird feathers. -
Tokyo Sightseeing Route
Mitsubishi UUenoeno ZZoooo Naationaltional Muuseumseum ooff B1B1 R1R1 Marunouchiarunouchi Bldg. Weesternstern Arrtt Mitsubishiitsubishi Buildinguilding B1B1 R1R1 Marunouchi Assakusaakusa Bldg. Gyoko St. Gyoko R4R4 Haanakawadonakawado Tokyo station, a 6-minute walk from the bus Weekends and holidays only Sky Hop Bus stop, is a terminal station with a rich history KITTE of more than 100 years. The “Marunouchi R2R2 Uenoeno Stationtation Seenso-jinso-ji Ekisha” has been designated an Important ● Marunouchi South Exit Cultural Property, and was restored to its UenoUeno Sta.Sta. JR Tokyo Sta. Tokyo Sightseeing original grandeur in 2012. Kaaminarimonminarimon NakamiseSt. AASAHISAHI BBEEREER R3R3 TTOKYOOKYO SSKYTREEKYTREE Sttationation Ueenono Ammeyokoeyoko R2R2 Uenoeno Stationtation JR R2R2 Heeadad Ofccee Weekends and holidays only Ueno Sta. Route Map Showa St. R5R5 Ueenono MMatsuzakayaatsuzakaya There are many attractions at Ueno Park, ● Exit 8 *It is not a HOP BUS (Open deck Bus). including the Tokyo National Museum, as Yuushimashima Teenmangunmangu The shuttle bus services are available for the Sky Hop Bus ticket. well as the National Museum of Western Art. OkachimachiOkachimachi SSta.ta. Nearby is also the popular Yanesen area. It’s Akkihabaraihabara a great spot to walk around old streets while trying out various snacks. Marui Sooccerccer Muuseumseum Exit 4 ● R6R6 (Suuehirochoehirocho) Sumida River Ouurr Shhuttleuttle Buuss Seervicervice HibiyaLine Sta. Ueno Weekday 10:00-20:00 A Marunouchiarunouchi Shuttlehuttle Weekend/Holiday 8:00-20:00 ↑Mukojima R3R3 TOKYOTOKYO SSKYTREEKYTREE TOKYO SKYTREE Sta. Edo St. 4 Front Exit ● Metropolitan Expressway Stationtation TOKYO SKYTREE Kaandanda Shhrinerine 5 Akkihabaraihabara At Solamachi, which also serves as TOKYO Town Asakusa/TOKYO SKYTREE Course 1010 9 8 7 6 SKYTREE’s entrance, you can go shopping R3R3 1111 on the first floor’s Japanese-style “Station RedRed (1 trip 90 min./every 35 min.) Imperial coursecourse Theater Street.” Also don’t miss the fourth floor Weekday Asakusa St. -
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FIRST SECTION CASE OF JHANGIRYAN v. ARMENIA (Applications nos. 44841/08 and 63701/09) JUDGMENT Art 11 • Freedom of peaceful assembly • Arbitrary prosecution and conviction of opposition supporter, linked to his participation in a protest movement • Repetitive pattern of artificial and politically motivated arrests and prosecution of opposition activists Art 5 § 1 • Lawful arrest or detention • Delay between deprivation of liberty and drawing up of record of arrest • Police custody in excess of maximum period prescribed by domestic law and without judicial order Art 5 § 1 (c) • Lack of reasonable suspicion of the applicant having committed an offence Art 5 § 3 • Reasonableness of pre-trial detention • Failure of domestic courts to provide relevant and sufficient reasons for applicant’s continued detention Art 6 § 1 (criminal) • Impartial tribunal • Involvement of trial court judge’s son in an investigation of the protest movement STRASBOURG 8 October 2020 FINAL 08/01/2021 This judgment has become final under Article 44 § 2 of the Convention. It may be subject to editorial revision. JHANGIRYAN v. ARMENIA JUDGMENT In the case of Jhangiryan v. Armenia, The European Court of Human Rights (First Section), sitting as a Chamber composed of: Krzysztof Wojtyczek, President, Linos-Alexandre Sicilianos, Aleš Pejchal, Pauliine Koskelo, Jovan Ilievski, Raffaele Sabato, judges, Armen Mazmanyan, ad hoc judge, and Renata Degener, Deputy Section Registrar, Having regard to: the applications (nos. 44841/08 and 63701/09) against the Republic of Armenia lodged -
Legal and Liability Considerations of Emergency Vehicle Operations
Legal and Liability Considerations of Emergency Vehicle Operations Major Kent O’Grady Operations Support Services Minnesota State Patrol 444 Cedar Street Suite 130 St. Paul, MN 55101 651-201-7138 [email protected] Legal Bumbo-Jumbo I am not an attorney. This presentation is intended for general information purposes and is not intended to substitute for qualified legal advice. It is not meant to be an exhaustive research of the laws and rulings on the issue, but may be used by department managers and operators of emergency vehicles to understand the legal implications of the operation of emergency vehicles. If you need specific legal advice, please contact your department’s legal representative. Today we will cover: 1. Legal Concepts: Your duty and care standard under the law. 2. What laws apply to the operation of emergency vehicles? 3. From which laws are operators of emergency vehicles exempt? 4. When are you exempt? 5. Legal liability for the department. 6. Personal liability for the emergency vehicle operator. 7. Volunteer firefighter/medic red lights in personal vehicles. First, let look at some basic legal concepts… Duty Standard of Care Your Duty Under The Law Duty n. A legal obligation that entails mandatory conduct or performance. Duty of care n. a requirement that a person act toward others and the public with watchfulness, attention, caution and prudence that a reasonable person in the circumstances would. Standard of Care: Due Regard or Due Care Care n. in law, to be attentive, prudent and vigilant. Essentially, care (and careful) means that a person does everything he/she is supposed to do (to prevent an accident).