The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629 - Second Edition Mack P

Cambridge University Press 052183872X - The French Wars of Religion, 1562-1629 - Second Edition Mack P. Holt Index More information

Index

absolutism 216–22 Barnaud, Nicolas 100 Acarie, Madame 154–5 Basel 22 Agen 50, 137 Beárn 181–2 Agenais 157 Beaulieu, edict of (1576) 104–6, 112, 168 Alais, peace of (1629) 1, 192 Beaune 5, 32, 157, 203, 206 Albret, Jeanne, queen of Navarre 39, 99, 227 Belin, Pierre 93 Alençon, François, duke of see Anjou, Benedict, Philip 2, 35, 36, 95, 193 François, duke of Benoist, Rene´ 89 Alva, duke of 63, 64, 66 Bergerac, peace of (1577) 112, 168 Amboise 19 Bernard, Etienne 149, 150 conspiracy of 44–5 Beza, Theodore 19, 46, 101, 104 edict of (1563) 55–6, 62, 65 Bible 33 Amiens 36, 74, 137, 165, 204 humanist translations 14 Andelot, François d’ 40, 56 Vulgate 14 Angers 91, 93 Biron, Armand de Gontaut, marshall and Anjou, François, duke of 171, 227 baron of 97, 136 death 121, 122 Black Death 199 as duke of Alençon 77, 98, 103 Blanchefort, Pierre de 110–11 escape from court 104–5 Blois 18, 107, 109, 111, 131–2 Peace of Monsieur 106, 112, 168 Bodin, Jean 102–3, 108, 109, 110, 136, and the Dutch revolt 118–21 199, 221 and Queen Elizabeth 118–21 Bohemia 182, 188 seventh civil war 110–12 Bologna, Concordat of (1516) 9–11, 27 sixth civil war 110–12 Bordeaux 91, 92, 93, 94, 211 Anjou, Henry, duke of see Bossy, John 2, 18 Henry III Boucher, Jean 133–4, 135 Anne of Austria 180 Bouillon Antoine, Michel 219 Guillaume-Robert de la Marck, duke of 128 Antwerp 121 Henri de la Tour d’Auvergne, duke of Arles 138 165, 179, 180, 184 armies Bourbon Catholic League 140 Antoine de, king of Navarre 38–40, 42, Huguenot 53–5, 64–5, 69–73, 111–17 43, 45–6, 52–5, 63, 230 mercenaries 64–5, 69, 128, 135 Charles de, cardinal 13, 126, 131, 140 royal 53–5, 64–5, 69–73, 111–17, Henry (I) de, prince of Conde´ 99, 100, 140–41, 182–94 104–5, 112, 126, 128, 228 Spanish aid to League 140–42, 161–64 Henry (II) de, prince of Conde´ 179, 180, Arnay-le-Duc 71 186, 190, 228 Arques 140 Louis de, prince of Conde´ 39–40, 42–5, Auger, Edmond 94 49, 63, 99, 228 Aumale, Claude, duke of see Guise first civil war 50–6 Auxonne 213–14 second civil war 64–5

238

Index 239

third civil war 66, 68–9, 73 Chaˆtillon Bourges 91–2, 137 marshall of France, sieur de 180, 184, 186 Pragmatic Sanction of (1438) 9, 11 Odet de 40 University of 21 church Breunot, Gabriel 157 Gallican Catholic 9–17, 26–7, 95 Briçonnet, Guillaume 14–16, 19, 227 Protestant 23–6, 51–2, 95–7 Brissac, Charles de Cosse´, count of 162 Cicero, Marcus Tullius 101 Brisson, Barnabe´ 139, 141, 162 clergy Brittany 201 Catholic 8, 79, 81, 89–90, 94, 143, Bucer, Martin 21, 25 154–5, 181–2, 185–6 Buckingham, duke of 191, 194 Protestant 23–6, 95–6 Burgundy 5, 32, 37, 148–50, 157, 185, 203, Clement VIII, pope 164 209, 212–14 Cle´ment, Jacques 135 Burke, Peter 5 Cognac 69 Burlamaqui, Reneé 90 Coligny, Gaspard de, admiral of France 40, Bussy-Le Clerc 139, 141 46, 50, 51, 56, 64, 76, 98, 180, 186, 228 St Bartholomew’s massacres 82–5 Cabourdin, Guy 209 second civil war 63–5 Caen 143 third civil war 65–73 Callas 113 Concini, Concino 180, 181 Calvin, John 15, 18, 21, 25–6, 38–9, Conde´, prince of see Bourbon 197, 227 confraternities doctrines 22–6 Blue Penitents 127 Institution of the Christian Religion 21–6, 78 Capucins 127 political thought 78 Dames de Charite´ 216 Cambrai 165 Grey Penitents 154 Capucines 216 Holy Ghost 68, 93 Carcassonne 144, 147 Holy Sacrament 147 Carce`s, count of 113 Minimes 127 Carmelite order 154, 216 White Penitents 127 Carrouges, seigneur de 142 Coras, Jean de 94 Casimir, John 65, 105, 119, 128 Corpus christi 20 Cateau-Cambre´sis, peace of 41 Coton, Father 174 Catholics 1–5, 22, 53–5, 61–2, 65–7 Couchey 212 Holy League 123–55 Coutras 128 opposition to Edict of Nantes 170–3 Cranmer, Thomas 9 opposition to Protestantism 79–81, 112 Crespin, Jean 86 St Bartholomew’s massacres 82–96 Crome´, François Morin de 153 Caumont, Jean de 123 Cromwell, Thomas 11 chambre ardente 27–28 Croquants 157–60 chambres mi-parties 106–7, 168, 178 Crouzet, Denis 2 Charles I, king of England 190 Cruce´, Oudin 139 Charles V, Habsburg emperor 26, 197 Cuers 113 Charles IX, king of France 45, 48, 52, 57, 97–8, 103, 127, 198, 228 Daffis, Jean 145 death 98, 103 Damville, Henri de Montmorency, declares majority 57–9 sieur de 100, 105, 111, 228 royal tour of the provinces 59–62 Dauphine´ 113–16, 186, 207 St Bartholomew’s massacres 82–96 Davis, Natalie Zemon 2, 34, 88 second and third civil wars 63–72 Day of the Barricades 129–32, 136, 141 Charny, Leónard Chabot, count of 148 Day of Dupes 188 Chartier, Roger 5 Delumeau, Jean 2 Chartres 130, 161–2 De Thou, Jacques-Auguste 103–4, 171 Chaˆteaubriant, edict of (1551) 29–30, 41 De Thou, Nicolas 162 Chaˆtellerault 168 Devotio moderna 13

240 Index

Diefendorf, Barbara B. 2, 85, 89 Goulart, Simon 86 Dijon 32, 37, 68, 75, 93, 157, 185, 201, Greengrass, Mark 30 203–4, 214 Grenoble 208 Catholic League in 137, 148–50 Gue´rin, Antoine 116–17 Dorleáns, Louis 133, 139 Guise Dreux 104, 107 Charles, cardinal of Lorraine 42, 45, 63, De Bourg, Anne 40 65–7, 77, 109, 230 Du Perron, Jacques Davy 176–7 Charles, duke of Mayenne 124, 134, 135, Du Pont, Richard Regnault, seigneur 143 136, 230 Duranti, Etienne 146 as head of the Catholic League 140–51 Du Tillet, Jean 11, 27 Claude, duke of Aumale 54, 56, 63 Du Vair, Guillaume 151 Francis, duke of 42, 45–6, 48, 52–5, 63–4, 83, 229 Edward VI, king of England 9 Henry (I), duke of 77, 109, 111, 229 Elisabeth of Bourbon 180 as head of the Catholic League 122–9 Elizabeth, queen of England 56, 65, 67, assassination 132 76–7, 112, 128 Day of the Barricades 129–31 and duke of Anjou 118–21 St Bartholomew’s massacres 83–93 England 9, 67, 97, 140, 187, 189, 190–1, 197 Henry (II), duke of 151 Epernon, duke of 136, 164 Louis, cardinal of 132 Erasmus of Rotterdam 13–16 Mary of 67 Ernst, Archduke of Austria 151 Guiton, Jean 194 Estates-General 101–6, 131–3, 220–1 Guyenne 219 Blois (1576) 107–11 Blois (1588) 131–2 Habsburgs 188–9 Orleáns (1560) 46 Habsburg-Valois wars 9, 41, 73 Paris (1593) 150–1, 162 Harlay, Achille de 139, 170, 171 Paris (1614) 181, 220–1 Haton, Claude 88 Pontoise (1561) 46 Hauser, Henri 33, 34, 35 eucharist Henrietta Maria, queen of England 190 Catholic mass 17–19, 33 Henry II, king of France 12–13, 22, 26–9, Protestant Lord’s supper 18–19 38–42, 177, 229 persecution of Protestants 27–9, 198 Farel, Guillaume 14, 15, 21 Henry III, king of France 101, 103, 111–12, Febvre, Lucien 34, 35 119, 219, 229 Fervaques, Guillaume de Hautemer, sieur de as duke of Anjou 63–9, 77, 84–5, 93, 97 148, 149 as king of Poland 98, 103 Fleix, peace of (1580) 118 assassination 135 Foix, François de 12 at Estates-General of (1576–7) 107–11 Fontainebleau fifth civil war 105–7 edict of (1595) 182 sixth civil war 111–12 conference at (1600) 176–7 struggle with the League 123–35 Fontenay-le-Comte, sieur de 210 Henry IV, king of Navarre, king of France Francis I, king of France 9–11, 12, 13, 16, 2–3, 78, 82, 95, 98, 115, 192, 195–6, 17, 18, 19, 26, 228 210, 219–21 persecution of Protestants 20–22 abjuration of Protestantism 151–5, 196 Francis II, kingofFrance 42–5, 127, 198, 228 and Beárn 181–2 Frederick III, count and elector of the and the Edict of Nantes 166–77 Palatinate 65, 105 assassination 177 Froumenteau, Nicolas 200 becomes heir to the throne 121–2 Fumel, François de, baron 50–1 capture of Paris 161–3 fifth civil war 105–7 Gaillac 91, 92, 93 restoration of France after Gastines family 79–80, 84–6 civil wars 217–20 Geneva 15, 21, 23–6, 30, 33, 37, 96, 168, 173 sixth civil war 111–2

Index 241

seventh civil war 112 League, Holy Catholic 188, 194, 195, 196, struggle with the League 123–41, 144, 201, 202 191, 196 in Dijon 148–50 Henry VIII, king of England 11 in Paris 139–42 Holy Spirit, Order of 127 in Rouen 142–45 Horne, count of 66 in Toulouse 145–7 Hotman, Franc¸ois 101, 104, 134, 173, 221 organisation 123–9 Hotman de Villiers, Jean 173–4 political thought 133–6 Huguenots 1–5, 16–20, 76–7, 107, 112, 205 spirituality 152–5 assembly at Saumur (1611) 179–80 Lefe`vred’Etaples,Jacques13–17, 19,21,229 complaints of violence against 61–2 Le Havre 142 Edict of Nantes (1598) 166–77 Leicester, Robert Dudley, earl of 120 first civil war 50–6 Le Maistre, Jean 139 geography of 30–3 Le Mans 137 legal recognition of 47 Le Mercier family 86 persecution of 20–30 Leo X, pope 9 political thought 78–9, 99–102 Le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel 34, 199 second and third civil wars 63–70 Lesdiguie`res, duke of 184, 186 social make-up of 33–7 L’Estoile, Pierre de 1, 123, 127, 129, 130, St Bartholomew’s massacres 82–96 132, 140, 154, 172–3 struggle with the Catholic League 123–41 l’Hoˆpital, Michel de 46, 59, 60, 91, 198 under Louis XIII 178–94 Lhuillier, Pierre 163 humanism 13–17, 21 Limousin 157–60 Hundred Years’ War 198, 199, 208 lit de justice 58–60 Livet, Georges 3–4 Isabella Clara Eugenia, the Infanta 151, 162 London 96 Issoire 112 Longjumeau, edict of (1568) 65–6 Ivry 140 Lorraine 209 Lorraine, Charles, cardinal of see Guise James I, king of England 187 Louis XIII, king of France 3–4, 178–80, Jarnac 69 217, 220, 222, 230 Jeannin, Pierre 148, 179, 180, 185 campaigns against the Huguenots 182–94 Joinville, treaty of (1584) 124 revolt of the princes 180–82 Jovyac, Jacques d’Hilaire, seigneur de 174–5 Louis XIV 192, 193, 212, 217, 222, 230 Joyeuse, Anne, duke of 128 Loyseau, Charles 221–2 Joyeuse, Guillaume de 147 Lussault, Mathurin and Franc¸oise 86–7 Julius III, pope 26–7 Luther, Martin 14, 15, 21, 22, 23, 25 Lyon 31, 35–7, 91, 138, 202, 205 Kempis, Thomas a´ 13 Machiavelli, Niccolo` 101 La Chapelle–Marteau 131, 132 Maˆcon 157 La Charite´ 71, 91–3, 112 Malinigre, historian 184 La Force, duke of 180, 182, 184, 186 Marcourt, Antoine 17 Lagebaˆton, Jacques-Benoit 57 Marguerite d’Angouleˆme, queen of Navarre Languedoc 29–32, 99–100, 199 16–17, 21, 227 Largentie`re 113–15 Marguerite de Valois, queen of Navarre 78, La Rochefoucauld, baron de 51 81, 118, 177, 231 La Rochelle 71, 92, 96–7, 168, 177–87 Marie´jol, J.-H. 3 edict of (1626) 190 Marmoutier 162 peace of (1573) 96–8 Marseille 138, 208 siege of (1627–8) 177–92 Maurevert, sieur de 82–3 La Rouvie`re, Jean 113–15 Mayenne, Charles, duke of see Guise La Tre´moille, duke of 165 Mazurier, Martial 14 La Vacquerie, Jean de 43 Meaux 91 La Verne, Jacques 148–50 humanist circle at 14–16, 21

242 Index

Medici, Catherine de, queen of France and Nevers, Louis de Gonzague, duke of 111, Queen Mother 42, 45, 46–8, 57–60, 136, 215 63–5, 111, 112, 115, 118, 119, 121, Nıˆmes 51, 92, 97 193, 198, 230 nobility 51–2, 208–12 and the Catholic League 126–7 see also Bourbon, Cologny, Guise, death 132–3 Montmorency fifth civil war 106–7 first civil war 52–5 Ole´ron, island of 189 fourth civil war 96–7 Orange, William, prince of 69, 118–21 marriage alliances 76–8 Orle´ans 49, 53–5, 191, 192, 194 royal tour of the provinces 59–61 University of 21 St Bartholomew’s massacres 82–5 second and third civil wars 64–70 Parma, Alexander Farnese, duke of 141, seventh civil war 118–19 144, 191 Medici, Marie de 177, 185, 188, 230 Paris 79–80, 191, 201 as regent 178–81 St Bartholomew’s massacre 82–5 Mendoza, Bernardino de 120, 129, 140 the Sixteen and the League 125–8 Mercoeur, duke of 124, 164, 165 submission to Henry IV 161–3 Metz 75 also see Parlement of Paris Michel, Pierre 149 Parlements 20, 40, 57, 169, 210 Millau 100 of Aix 60, 171 Moirans 117 of Bordeaux 51, 57, 60 Mole´, Edouard 139 of Dijon 32, 57, 60, 157, 171, 185 Molie`re 211 of Grenoble 171 Moncontour 69 of Paris 9, 16, 27–9, 40–1, 47–8, 57, 58, Monsieur, peace of see Beaulieu, edict of 65, 84, 107, 170–1, 185 Montaigne, Michel de 1, 75, 211 and the Catholic League128,130,136,139 Montauban 71, 92, 96, 97, 100, 185, 187 of Rennes 171 Montluc, Blaise de 53 of Rouen 54, 58–9, 143–4, 171–3 Montmorency, Anne de, constable of of Toulouse 60, 94, 145–7, 171 France 40, 46, 52, 55, 230 Pasquier, Etienne 50, 128, 130, 136, 171 Montpellier 187, 211 Pau 182 peace of (1622) 187 Paul III, pope 26 Montpensier, Louis de Bourbon, duke of paulette 218–19 109–11, 136 Paumier, Jean Serve 116–17 Montsoreau, count of 93 pays d’e´tat 30, 32, 219 Moravians 193 peasant revolts 113–18, 156–61 Mornay, Philippe du Plessis, sieur de 102, Pe´rigord 157–60 175–7, 179 Pernot, Michel 3 Moulins 60, 105 Philip II, king of Spain 26, 41–2, 47, 56, 63, Muchembled, Robert 2 81, 119–21, 124, 231 support of the Catholic League 124, 129, Nantes 137, 186, 201–2, 208 141–2, 151 edict of (1598) 3, 4, 166–73, 177, 178, war with France 164–6 179, 187, 192, 193, 222 Philip III, king of Spain 180 Nassau, Louis, count of 69, 81, 99 Pie´mond, Eustache 116 Navarre, Antoine, king of see Bourbon Pius IV, pope 56 Navarre, Henry, king of see Henry IV Placards affair (1534) 17–20, 21, 22, 26 Neale, J. E. 3 Poissy, Colloquy of (1561) 46 Nemours Poitiers 137 duke of 149 edict of see Bergerac, peace of treaty of (1585) 126–7, 135 Poitou 186 Ne´rac 21, 115 politiques 3, 4, 110, 118, 128–9, 139, 141, Netherlands, revolt of 63–7, 118–21 144, 145, 151–2, 171–2, 193 Neuchaˆtel 17, 18 preachers see clergy

Index 243

Protestants see church, clergy, Huguenots Seville 199 Provence 113 Sillery, Nicholas Bruˆlart, sieur de 179 Puritans 190, 193 Sixteen, the see League, Holy Catholic Sixtus V, pope 126 Ravaillac, François 178 Sorbonne 11, 16, 22, 132, 188 Razats 113 Soubise, seigneur de 179–92 Re´, island of 186, 189, 191 Strasbourg 15, 21, 25 Reims 7, 161 Stuart, Mary, queen of Scotland 42, 67, 77 Reinburg, Virginia 19 Sully, Maximilien de Be´thune, baron de Renaudie, Jean du Barry, seigneur de 44 Rosny, duke of 173–4, 178–9, 217–19, Restitution, edict of (1617) 182 231 Richelieu, Armand-Jean du Plessis, bishop of Sureau, Hugues 95–6 Luçon and cardinal of 181, 188–94, 231 Sutherland, N. M. 83, 192 Robert, François 212–13 Sweden 197 Rochefort, Jacques de Silly, seigneur de 44–5 Tard-Avise´s see Croquants Rohan Tarde, Jean 159 Anne de 182–3 Tavannes, Gaspard de Saulx, seigneur de Henri, duke of 179–80, 184–7, 191–2 67–8, 69, 92, 144 Rolland, Nicolas 153–4 Tavannes, Jean de Saulx, seigneur de 144 Romans 115–17 Teligny, sieur de 84 Rosenburg, David 35–6 Thirty Years’ War 188, 194 Rosny, baron of see Sully, duke of Thore´, Guillaume de Montmorency, sieur de Rouen 36–7, 53–4, 201–2 106 Catholic League in 137, 142–4 Toul 209 religious tensions 80–1 Toulon 113 St Bartholomew’s massacres 91–5 Toulouse 90–3, 201, 137 Roussel, Guillaume 14 Catholic League in 137, 145–7 Tournus 157 St Andre´, sieur de, marshall of France 6, 52, Tours 139, 162 54, 55, 62 Trent, Council of 26, 63 St Bartholomew’s massacres 79, 81–95, 196 Troyes 90–1, 93 in Paris 81–90 in the provinces 91–5 Union, edict of (1588) 131 St Cloud 130, 135 University of Paris see Sorbonne St Denis 151–2 Ursulines 216 St Gelais, Urbain de, bishop of Cominges 145–7 Vassy 1, 49, 50 St Germain Vatable, François 14 edict of (1562) 47 Vigor, Simon 79, 89 edict and peace of (1570) 69, 70, 76, 77, Villebon d’Estouteville, sieur de 53 79, 82, 85, 89, 97 Villeroy, Nicolas de Neufville, seigneur de St Jean-d’ Ange´ly 69, 184–5 179, 180 Sabean, David 18 Vivarais 113–15 sacre 8–10, 20, 133, 161–2 Salic law 151 Walsingham, Francis 18 Salmon, J. H. M. 3, 160 women 213–16 Sancerre 96 widows 213–14 Saumur 91–3, 135, 169, 179–80 Savoy, prince of 151 Zurich 25 Serres, Jean de 173 Zweibru¨cken, duke of 69