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Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ Fatmagül BOLAT ÇUKUROVA DELTASI İÇİN BİYOSFER REZERVİ BİLGİ AĞI VERİ TABANININ OLUŞTURULMASI PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI ADANA,2006 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ ÇUKUROVA DELTASI İÇİN BİYOSFER REZERVİ BİLGİ AĞI VERİ TABANININ OLUŞTURULMASI Fatmagül BOLAT YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI Bu tez 26/12/2006 Tarihinde Aşağıdaki Jüri Üyeleri Tarafından Oybirliği/Oyçokluğu İle Kabul Edilmiştir. İmza............…………… İmza...................…..…. İmza.....................…… Prof.Dr. Türker Altan Yrd.Doç.Dr.Cengiz USLU Yrd.Doç.Dr.Kayhan KAPLAN DANIŞMAN ÜYE ÜYE Bu tez Enstitümüz Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalında hazırlanmıştır. Kod No : Prof. Dr. Aziz ERTUNÇ Enstitü Müdürü Not: Bu tezde kullanılan özgün ve başka kaynaktan yapılan bildirişlerin, çizelge, şekil ve fotoğrafların kaynak gösterilmeden kullanımı, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunundaki hükümlere tabidir. ÖZ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ ÇUKUROVA DELTASI İÇİN BİYOSFER REZERVİ BİLGİ AĞI VERİ TABANININ OLUŞTURULMASI Fatmagül BOLAT ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ PEYZAJ MİMARLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI Danışman : Prof.Dr. Türker ALTAN Yıl : 2006 , Sayfa : 108 Jüri : Prof.Dr. Türker ALTAN : Yrd.Doç.Dr. Cengiz USLU : Yrd.Doç.Dr. Kayhan KAPLAN Bu araştırmada Biyosfer Rezervleri ile ilgili bir veri tabanı oluşturulması konusunda yöntemsel bir araştırma yapılmış, örnek bir veri tabanını hazırlanması aşamasında Çukurova Deltasında 1999-2004 yılları arasında AB-Life Üçüncü Ülkeler Programı desteğiyle LIFE TCY/99/TR-087 adlı proje kapsamında elde edilen veriler kullanılmıştır. Dünya Biyosfer Rezervleri bilgi ağına dahil olabilecek özellikte hazırlanmış olan Çukurova Deltası Biyosfer Rezervi veri tabanının hazırlanma aşamaları ileride yapılacak benzer çalışmalara yardımcı olması amacıyla detaylı olarak açıklanmıştır. Verilerin bilimsel anlamda paylaşımını sağlamak için veri tabanı internet ortamında kullanılabilecek şekilde hazırlanmıştır. -
La Familia Liliaceae En La Provincia De Jaén
20180315 LA FAMILIA LILIACEAE EN LA PROVINCIA DE JAÉN Juan Luis HERVÁS SERRANO. e-mail: [email protected] RESUMEN: La familia Liliaceae en la provincia de Jaén. Se presenta un catálogo actualizado de la familia Liliaceae en Jaén, con base bibliográfica y testimonial –Herbario JAEN-. PALABRAS CLAVE: Liliaceae, taxones, Jaén. ABSTRACT: Liliaceae family into Jaen province. An updated catalog of the Liliaceae family in Jaén province is presented, with bibliographic and testimonial base –Herbario JAEN-. KEY WORDS: Liliaceae, taxons, Jaén province. Continuando con las revisiones de las familias de plantas “bulbosas” en la provincia de Jaén, aportamos un repaso de la familia Liliaceae (Monocotyledones, Angiospermae, Spermatophyta). Aunque algunos autores, en base a estudios moleculares y filogenéticos, han dividido esta familia en varias otras (Liliaceae sensu stricto, Colchicaceae, Ruscaceae, Asparagaceae, Asphodelaceae, Aphyllanthaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Alliaceae, y otras), nosotros vamos a mantener el conjunto de géneros tratados dentro de Liliaceae sensu lato, siguiendo el tratamiento de Flora Ibérica, Vol. XX (2013). Para la provincia de Jaén existen varios trabajos que abordan los taxones incluidos en Liliaceae: ESPINOSA & FERNÁNDEZ (1985, 1986 a y b); FERNÁNDEZ & ESPINOSA (1987); ESPINOSA, ALCÁNTARA & FERNÁNDEZ (1984); HERVÁS (1992, 1999, 2010); HERVÁS & FERNÁNDEZ (2000), HERVÁS, ESPINOSA & FERNÁNDEZ (1999). Presentamos aquí un catálogo actualizado con nomenclatura puesta al día de esta familia dentro de la provincia jiennense, utilizando citas bibliográficas así como la revisión de los pliegos depositados en el Herbario JAEN, junto con nuestras observaciones de campo y la información de otros observadores. De los 35 géneros admitidos en Flora Ibérica para esta familia 19 están presentes en Jaén, con 76 especies indicadas, además de 7 subespecies distintas del tipo. -
Reviewing Colchicaceae Alkaloids – Perspectives of Evolution on Medicinal Chemistry
Send Orders for Reprints to [email protected] 274 Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 2014, 14, 274-289 Reviewing Colchicaceae Alkaloids – Perspectives of Evolution on Medicinal Chemistry Sonny Larsson* and Nina Rønsted Botanic Garden, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Sølvgade 83, Opg. S, Copenhagen DK-1307, Denmark Abstract: The subject of chemosystematics has provided insight to both botanical classification and drug development. However, degrees of subjectivity in botanical classifications and limited understanding of the evolution of chemical char- acters and their biosynthetic pathways has often hampered such studies. In this review an approach of taking phylogenetic classification into account in evaluating colchicine and related phenethylisoquinoline alkaloids from the family Colchi- caceae will be applied. Following on the trends of utilizing evolutionary reasoning in inferring mechanisms in eg. drug re- sistance in cancer and infections, this will exemplify how thinking about evolution can influence selection of plant mate- rial in drug lead discovery, and how knowledge about phylogenetic relationships may be used to evaluate predicted bio- synthetic pathways. Keywords: Alkaloids, biosynthetic pathways, colchicaceae, colchicine, evolution, phylogenetic prediction. INTRODUCTION a different and larger chemical space than synthetic drugs [13, 14, 15], and that they have a higher probability to pass Using chemical information to define groups of plants is through the pharmaceutical industry drug developmental probably as old as botanical classification itself, a practice pipeline [16]. This is today usually discussed within the con- often referred to as chemosystematics or chemotaxonomy. In cept of natural products being prevalidated for activity [14, the modern sense it was largely introduced during the 1960s 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21]. -
Phytochemical, Physicochemical and Biological Evaluation of Colchicum Kurdicum
J. Med. Plants 2020; 19(76): 36-45 Journal of Medicinal Plants Journal homepage: www.jmp.ir Research Article Phytochemical, physicochemical and biological evaluation of Colchicum kurdicum (Bornm.) Stef.: a study on materia medica of Persian medicine Mohammad Azadbakht1, Ali Davoodi1,*, Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr2, Saeed Emami3, Masoud Azadbakht4, Fatemeh Mirzaee1, Hossein Bakhshi Jouybari1 1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2 Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 3 Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 4 Department of Plant Systematics, High Educational of Sanna Institute, Sari, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Background: The genus Colchicum (Colchicaceae) is a perennial and monocotyledon Colchicum kurdicum flowering plant that has more than 160 species in the world. In addition, this plant is Tropolone alkaloid an important medicinal plant in traditional and modern medicines. Objective: The aim Total flavonoid of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profiles and physicochemical Chromatography properties, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Colchicum kurdicum Antioxidant (Bornm.) Stef. corm. Methods: Phytochemical profiles includedtotal tropolone Anti-inflammatory activity alkaloid, total phenolic/total tannin and total flavonoid contents were determined by spectrophotometric method. Moreover, tropolone alkaloid profiles was analyzed by HPLC method. Physicochemical properties including macroscopic and organoleptic properties, solubility, foreign matter, ash values and heavy metals were evaluated based on pharmacopeial protocoles. In addition, in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the plant were determined. Results: Total tropolone alkaloids, phenol, tannin and flavonoid contents of the corm were estimated to be 0.652, 0.426, 0.052 and 0.325 g/100 g corm. -
Rock Garden Quarterly
ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY VOLUME 55 NUMBER 2 SPRING 1997 COVER: Tulipa vvedevenskyi by Dick Van Reyper All Material Copyright © 1997 North American Rock Garden Society Printed by AgPress, 1531 Yuma Street, Manhattan, Kansas 66502 ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ROCK GARDEN SOCIETY VOLUME 55 NUMBER 2 SPRING 1997 FEATURES Life with Bulbs in an Oregon Garden, by Molly Grothaus 83 Nuts about Bulbs in a Minor Way, by Andrew Osyany 87 Some Spring Crocuses, by John Grimshaw 93 Arisaema bockii: An Attenuata Mystery, by Guy Gusman 101 Arisaemas in the 1990s: An Update on a Modern Fashion, by Jim McClements 105 Spider Lilies, Hardy Native Amaryllids, by Don Hackenberry 109 Specialty Bulbs in the Holland Industry, by Brent and Becky Heath 117 From California to a Holland Bulb Grower, by W.H. de Goede 120 Kniphofia Notes, by Panayoti Kelaidis 123 The Useful Bulb Frame, by Jane McGary 131 Trillium Tricks: How to Germinate a Recalcitrant Seed, by John F. Gyer 137 DEPARTMENTS Seed Exchange 146 Book Reviews 148 82 ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY VOL. 55(2) LIFE WITH BULBS IN AN OREGON GARDEN by Molly Grothaus Our garden is on the slope of an and a recording thermometer, I began extinct volcano, with an unobstructed, to discover how large the variation in full frontal view of Mt. Hood. We see warmth and light can be in an acre the side of Mt. Hood facing Portland, and a half of garden. with its top-to-bottom 'H' of south tilt• These investigations led to an inter• ed ridges. -
GNPL Research Article Template Word XP 2007
Global J Res. Med. Plants & Indigen. Med. | Volume 2, Issue 2 | February 2013 | 81–88 ISSN 2277-4289 | www.gjrmi.com | International, Peer reviewed, Open access, Monthly Online Journal Research article COMPARISON OF COLCHICINE CONTENT BETWEEN HYSTERANTHOUS AND SYNANTHOUS COLCHICUM SPECIES IN DIFFERENT SEASONS Alirezaie Noghondar Morteza1*, Arouee Hossein 2, Shoor Mahmoud 2, and Rezazadeh Shamsali 3 1*PhD student, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Agriculture Faculty, Horticultural Sciences Department, Mashhad, Iran 2 Assistant Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Agriculture Faculty, Horticultural Sciences Department, Mashhad, Iran 3 Assistant Professor, Institute of Medicinal Plants, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics, ACECR, Tehran, Iran *Corresponding author: Email: [email protected] Received: 13/12/2012; Revised: 24/01/2013; Accepted: 30/01/2013 ABSTRACT In order to compare of different phonological stages and seasonal changes of colchicine content between hysteranthous and synanthous colchicum species, amount of colchicine was determined in Colchicum speciosum Steven, C. kotschyi Bioss and C. robustum Stefanov, in different seasons, 2009–2010. The observations under wild conditions showed, that the leaves of appeared with flowers in the same stage of life cycle (synanthous) in C. robustum, while in case of C. kotschyi and C. speciosum flowers occurred first and leaves later, in another developmental stage (hysteranthous). Seed’s colchicine content in C. robustum, C. kotschyi and C. speciosum was obtained as 1.28, 0.46 and 0.92 mg g-1 dry weight, respectively. Corm’s colchicine content was higher in C. speciosum than the other species in all seasons. The highest colchicine content of corm in C. speciosum was obtained in winter and autumn (2.17 and 2.13 mg g-1 dry weight, respectively), while in C. -
Flora of Bader Al-Jadida County, Western High Mountains of Amman City/Jordan
International Journal of Herbal Medicine 2015; 3(4): 49-59 E-ISSN: 2321-2187 P-ISSN: 2394-0514 Flora of Bader Al-Jadida County, western high mountains IJHM 2015; 3(4): 49-59 Received: 26-08-2015 of Amman city/Jordan Accepted: 30-09-2015 Sawsan Atallah Saleh Oran Sawsan Atallah Saleh Oran Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, the Abstract University of Jordan, 11942 The flora of Bader Al-Jadida County, high mountains, west of the capital Amman /Jordan has been evaluated. The flowering plant specimen have been collected from the area and identified. A number of 259 species and 2 subspecies belong to 179 genera and 44 families are recorded. Photographs of some selected common plant species in the study area as well as photographs for some natural views are demonstrated, with emphasis on the topography of the heights that are dominated by forest stands of typically Mediterranean vegetation elements of mixed ever-green and deciduous oak trees of Quercus coccifera and Q. ithaburensis, Amygdalus communis, Crataegus aronia and Pyrus syriaca, shrubs and cultivated tress like, grape vines, Olive trees, fig trees (Ficus indica), pomegranate trees (Punica granatum) and mulberries trees (Morus alba and M. nigra). The study area is blessed by lots of aromatic plant species like Lonicera etrusca, Calicotome villosa, Thymus capitatus, Varthemia iphionoides, Narcissus tazetta and others, orchid species, Mentha aquatica and others. Lots of medicinal plants are also recorded in the study area, that are still used in folk medicine by the local people like Varthemia iphionoides, Arum palaestinum, Vinca herbacea, Dittrichia viscosa,, Achillea santolina, Bongardia chrysogonum, Thymus capitatus and others. -
Latin for Gardeners: Over 3,000 Plant Names Explained and Explored
L ATIN for GARDENERS ACANTHUS bear’s breeches Lorraine Harrison is the author of several books, including Inspiring Sussex Gardeners, The Shaker Book of the Garden, How to Read Gardens, and A Potted History of Vegetables: A Kitchen Cornucopia. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 © 2012 Quid Publishing Conceived, designed and produced by Quid Publishing Level 4, Sheridan House 114 Western Road Hove BN3 1DD England Designed by Lindsey Johns All rights reserved. Published 2012. Printed in China 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN-13: 978-0-226-00919-3 (cloth) ISBN-13: 978-0-226-00922-3 (e-book) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Harrison, Lorraine. Latin for gardeners : over 3,000 plant names explained and explored / Lorraine Harrison. pages ; cm ISBN 978-0-226-00919-3 (cloth : alkaline paper) — ISBN (invalid) 978-0-226-00922-3 (e-book) 1. Latin language—Etymology—Names—Dictionaries. 2. Latin language—Technical Latin—Dictionaries. 3. Plants—Nomenclature—Dictionaries—Latin. 4. Plants—History. I. Title. PA2387.H37 2012 580.1’4—dc23 2012020837 ∞ This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). L ATIN for GARDENERS Over 3,000 Plant Names Explained and Explored LORRAINE HARRISON The University of Chicago Press Contents Preface 6 How to Use This Book 8 A Short History of Botanical Latin 9 Jasminum, Botanical Latin for Beginners 10 jasmine (p. 116) An Introduction to the A–Z Listings 13 THE A-Z LISTINGS OF LatIN PlaNT NAMES A from a- to azureus 14 B from babylonicus to byzantinus 37 C from cacaliifolius to cytisoides 45 D from dactyliferus to dyerianum 69 E from e- to eyriesii 79 F from fabaceus to futilis 85 G from gaditanus to gymnocarpus 94 H from haastii to hystrix 102 I from ibericus to ixocarpus 109 J from jacobaeus to juvenilis 115 K from kamtschaticus to kurdicus 117 L from labiatus to lysimachioides 118 Tropaeolum majus, M from macedonicus to myrtifolius 129 nasturtium (p. -
Colchicine and Related Analogs Using LC-MS and LC-PDA Techniques
Colchicinoids from Colchicum Crocifolium Boiss.: A Case Study in Dereplication Strategies for (-)-Colchicine and Related Analogs Using LC-MS and LC-PDA Techniques By: Feras Q. Alali, Ahmad Gharaibeh, Abdullah Ghawanmeh, Khaled Tawaha, and Nicholas H. Oberlies This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Alali, F. Q., Gharaibeh, A. , Ghawanmeh, A. , Tawaha, K. and Oberlies, N. H. (2008), Colchicinoids from Colchicum crocifolium Boiss.: a case study in dereplication strategies for (–)‐ Colchicine and related analogues using LC‐MS and LC‐PDA techniques. Phytochemical Analysis, 19, 385-394. PMID: 18444231; doi: 10.1002/pca.1060 which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.1060. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. ***© 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Reprinted with permission. No further reproduction is authorized without written permission from Wiley. This version of the document is not the version of record. Figures and/or pictures may be missing from this format of the document. *** Abstract: As a part of a project designed to investigate Colchicum species in Jordan, the chemical constituents of Colchicum crocifolium Boiss. (Colchicaceae) were investigated using LC‐MS and LC–UV/Vis PDA. A decision tree for working with colchicinods has been developed by incorporating data from LC‐UV/PDA and LC‐MS. This dereplication strategy draws upon the UV/PDA spectra to classify compounds into one of four structural groups and combines this with retention time and mass spectra/molecular weight to identify the compounds. -
LC-MS and LC-PDA Vs. Phytochemical Analysis of Colchicum Brachyphyllum
ORIGINAL ARTICLES Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy1, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Applied Chemistry2, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan LC-MS and LC-PDA vs. phytochemical analysis of Colchicum brachyphyllum F. Q. Alali1, Y. R. Tahboub2, I. S. Al-Daraysih2, T. El-Elimat1 Received June 6, 2008, accepted July 4, 2008 Feras Q. Alali, Ph.D., Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan [email protected] Pharmazie 63: 860–865 (2008) doi: 10.1691/ph.2008.8639 In this paper, reliability and validity of a recently in-house developed dereplication strategy based on LC-MS and LC–UV/Vis PDA techniques were verified. The dereplication strategy was applied to inves- tigate the alkaloid rich fraction of Colchicum brachyphyllum Boiss. & Haussk. ex Boiss. (Colchicaceae) which has been previously analyzed phytochemically. Both studies results, LC-MS and LC-PDA and phytochemical analysis, were matched in seven compounds namely: (À)-colchicine (5), 3-demethyl- (À)-colchicine (4), (À)-cornigerine (7), b-lumi-(À)-colchicine (6), (À)-demecolcine (3), 3-demethyl-(À)- demecolcine (2), and 2,3-didemethyl-(À)-demecolcine (1). LC-MS and LC-PDA based dereplication strategy was not able to detect two of the compounds that were reported in the phytochemical study namely: (þ)-demecolcinone and (À)-androbiphenyline. This finding could raise a question about the “naturality” of (þ)-demecolcinone. On the other hand apigenin (8) was identified only using this derepli- cation strategy. Four compounds which had molecular ions at m/z 372 and 400 in the stems, and at m/z at 372 and 358 in flowers, could not be dereplicated, and were thus considered unknown. -
Karadeniz Teknin Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kimya Anabilim Dali Türkiye'den Ihraç Edilen Colchic
KARADENİZ TEKNİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ KİMYA ANABİLİM DALI TÜRKİYE’DEN İHRAÇ EDİLEN COLCHICUM TOHUMLARININ İÇERİĞİNDEKİ KOLŞİSİNİN EKSTRAKSİYONU VE SAFLAŞTIRILMASI YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ Kimyager Serhat BAYRAK NİSAN 2014 TRABZON KARADENİZ TEKNİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ KİMYA ANABİLİM DALI TÜRKİYE’DEN İHRAÇ EDİLEN COLCHICUM TOHUMLARININ İÇERİĞİNDEKİ KOLŞİSİNİN EKSTRAKSİYONU VE SAFLAŞTIRILMASI Kimyager Serhat BAYRAK Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü’nce “Yüksek Lisans (Kimya)” Unvanı Verilmesi İçin Kabul Edilen Tezdir. Tezin Enstitüye Verildiği Tarih : 14.04.2014 Tezin Savunma Tarihi : 06.05.2014 Tez Danışmanı : Prof. Dr. Münevver SÖKMEN TRABZON 2014 Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Kimya Anabilim Dalında Serhat BAYRAK tarafından hazırlanan TÜRKİYE’DEN İHRAÇ EDİLEN COLCHICUM TOHUMLARININ İÇERİĞİNDEKİ KOLŞİSİNİN EKSTRAKSİYONU VE SAFLAŞTIRILMASI başlıklı bu çalışma, Enstitü Yönetim Kurulunun 22/04/2014 gün ve 1550 sayılı kararıyla oluşturulan jüri tarafından yapılan sınav sonunda YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ olarak kabul edilmiştir. Jüri Üyeleri Başkan : Prof. Dr. Ümmühan OCAK ……………………………. Üye : Prof. Dr. Münevver SÖKMEN ……………………………. Üye : Prof. Dr. Asım KADIOĞLU ……………………………. Prof. Dr. Sadettin KORKMAZ Enstitü Müdürü ÖNSÖZ “Türkiye’den ihraç edilen Colchicum tohumlarının içeriğindeki kolşisinin ekstraksiyonu ve saflaştırılması” adlı bu çalışma Karadeniz teknik Üniversitesi Kimya Bölümü Anabilim Dalı’nda “Yüksek Lisans Tezi” olarak hazırlanmıştır. Yüksek lisans tez danışmanlığımı üstlenen, -
Anemone Nemorosa Explosion 4
Anemone nemorosa Explosion 4. Allium amethystinum 5. Allium austroiranicum 6. Allium baisunense 8. Allium chloranthum 9. Allium cupuliferum 10. Allium darwasicum 12. Allium egorovae 19. Allium kharputense 20. Allium lipskyanum Janis Ruksans, Dr.biol.h.c. & Līga Popova Late summer/autumn Bulb Nursery P.O. STALBE LV-4151 Pargaujas nov. 2013 LATVIA ( +371 - 641-64-003; 641-00-326 All prices for single bulb ( mobile +371 - 29-41-84-40 in EURO E-mail: [email protected] Dear friends! The day has finally come! This is my last catalogue. But uro nursery does not stop its activities. My stepdaughter Līga will overtake the business part of my activities and her name is to be seen at the header of this catalogue. The content of the catalogue is still written by me and we will work together the whole season, but in the future the activities will be split. The collection will remain under my su- pervision – there are at present more than 5000 samples, but Līga will work with the business part – the large stocks, seedlings, etc. This will allow me to put all my time and effort into identification of the stocks still grown under the epithet ‘species’, pollination, notes and, of course, writing. I will collect seeds from my pot-grown stocks and give them to Līga to do the rest. Līga showed keen interest in plants while helping her mother in her perennial nursery, where she is responsible for the Paeonia col- lection. This winter she finishes the horticultural college and from 2014 will be in charge of the small bulb growing for business.