agree with both the approach and the Excellent illustrations and a rich col- SEAWEEDS AND THEIR USES, by V. J. Chap- emphasis of this book. lection of references enhance the book's man. 2nd ed., 1970. Barnes & Noble, In the introduction the authors state usefulness to biology teachers. Teachers Inc., New York. 304 pp. $14.50. that animal behavior is an analysis of who are enthusiastic about the process the potentialities of the nervous system of science can use material from this This is the most recent, comprehen- and that to understand behavior we book to illustrate what is accomplished sive, and up-to-date volume on the must look first to certain aspects of the by the combined efforts of chemists, subject. Written by a well-known nervous system. I feel these statements physicists, and biologists. If this is algologist, it deserves the attention of are unnecessarily restrictive, especially typical of other titles in the "Founda- botanists, marine biologists, and per- when interpreted as narrowly as these tions of Developmental Biology" series, sons interested in the living resources authors do. Six of the nine chapters secondary and college teachers of bi- of the seas. focus primarily on phylogenetic dif- ology will find it worth their time to The first of 10 chapters is a general ferences in nervous-system morphology. examine the companion volumes. review of the occurrence and distribu- The quality of these presentations is Alan R. Orr tion of seaweeds of economic impor- good, but the relationship of the mor- University of Northern Iowa tance. (More detailed information on phology of the nervous system to be- Cedar Falls various groups and species of algae is havior seems more remote than does scattered throughout the text.) Special the relationship of that morphology to attention is given to the early kelp in- evolution. The final three chapters of THE BIOLOGY OF HIGHER CRYPTOGAMS, by dustry, to iodine and potash produc- the book have to do with stereotyped William T. Doyle. 1970. Macmillan tion, and to algae as food for man and behavior, learning and intelligence, and Co., New York. 163 pp. $4.95 (soft- domestic animals. The tables of chem- social behavior. These chapters are en- back). ical analyses are of great value. Uses Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/abt/article-pdf/33/5/306/28212/4443483.pdf by guest on 03 October 2021 tirely behavioral in emphasis and ap- of algae as manures and fertilizers are proach and give some validity to the The higher cryptogams include the discussed at some length. (The work title of the volume. The section on in- bryophytes, psilopsids, lycopsids, sphe- of W. A. Stephenson-see the review of stinct is a model of clarity in an out- nopsids, and ferns. This assemblage of his Seaweed in Agriculture and Horti- standing chapter. The topic of social spore-producing plants is treated as a culture, in Choice, 6 [4]: 535-is an im- natural evolutionary group. In present- behavior is treated too briefly for my portant and exciting supplement to taste, but obviously many matters can- ing the life cycle of the group, the au- Chapman's treatment.) not receive the treatment they would thor describes the general morphology A whole chapter is devoted to laver receive in an expanded work. and function of the essential plant and Irish moss; another, to agar-agar. The authors are always mindful of structures, leaving the anomalies and Here again are useful tables on produc- accessories to the more detailed text- their audience. The book is psychologi- tion and physical and chemical com- books in plant morphology. Each chap- cally and physically attractive. It has position. The occurrence of algae from ter a of wide margins for note-making, and the is skillful amalgam classical which algin and alginates are derived, morphology and current research in margins carry a topical outline of the together with data on occurrence, prop- experimental plant development, all text. The illustrations are good; most erties, and uses, is reviewed at length. are in two colors. presented with an evolutionary over- Industrial, medical, and miscellaneous Animal Behavior has both good and tone. Basic unresolved morphologic uses are covered in considerable detail. problems are pointed out to the reader. not-so-good features. I doubt that most The world's supplies and potential sup- Many references are made to investiga- behaviorists would find it a satisfactory plies are estimated and the techniques axenic cultures. The dis- introductory text, because of the ex- tions utilizing used in making surveys are described. cussions of cessive emphasis on comparative anat- apogamy, apospory, spore The book has 66 tables and 56 figures, development, and spores are outstand- omy of nervous systems and the scant a 30-page bibliography listing about ing. One chapter is devoted to the mor- attention given to the comparative be- 1,200 papers, a five-page author and phologic adaptations of the higher havioral functioning of those systems. person index, a index cryptogams to their predominantly ter- five-page plant E. Russell TePaske listing more than 150 genera, and a restrial existence. A useful summary of University of Northern Iowa seven-page subject index. each Cedar Falls higher cryptogam group provides Alton H. Gustafson a brief account of fossil forms; major Bowdoin College those with characteristics, including Brunswick, Maine Botany particular evolutionary significance; and some little-known but interesting CONTROL MECHANISMS IN PLANT DEVELOP- details about the group. The final chap- MENT, by Arthur W. Galston and ter is a progress report on current AN INTRODUCTION TO PLANT BIOLOGY, by Peter J. Davies. 1970. Prentice-Hall topics relating to plant development- Ross H. Arnett and Dale C. Braun- Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 199 pp. especially to the role environmental gart. 3rd ed., 1970. C. V. Mosby Co., $3.95 softback, $6.95 hardback. factors play in regulating the expres- St. Louis. 492 pp. $9.75. sion of genetic potential during de- Advanced students of plant physi- velopment. Special topics include sex This textbook is designed for a be- ology, molecular biology, and plant and determination and sex expression; ginning college botany course but animal development will find here an regulation of embryo development; should prove useful as a reference book engaging analysis of several concepts bud initiation in mosses; regulation of for high school teachers as well. Ac- and problems of plant morphogenesis. sporangium induction; and spore ger- cording to the preface "complete re- This work is concerned primarily with mination. writing" was deemed necessary because how a green plant controls its activities This book is highly recommended for of the wealth of information available and attunes its development to nature's students of plant morphology and de- since 1965, when the second edition ap- seasons. Focusing on stimuli that con- velopment. Developmental biologists peared. It is true that the organization trol the developmental cycle of higher who are not familiar with the research of the material has been considerably plants and the mechanisms through potential of some of the higher crypto- revised, but it is disturbing to see pas- which they probably act, the authors gam systems should find the book in- sages lifted verbatim from previous examine the phytochrome system and formative and thought-provoking. editions and simply inserted under new the action of several plant hormones Emily L. Hartman headings, where their relevancy is and inhibitors. Applications to practical University of Colorado questionable. For example, in the problems are suggested throughout. Denver chapter entitled "Adaptive Structures

306 THE AMERICANBIOLOGY TEACHER, MAY 1971