Cities, Communities, Homes Is the Urban Future Livable? AMPS Proceedings Series 10.2 AMPS PROCEEDINGS SERIES 10.2 AMPS, University of Derby 22 – 23 June, 2017 Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? EDITOR: Eleni Tracada SERIES EDITOR: Graham Cairns PRODUCTION EDITOR: Eric An © AMPS AMPS PROCEEDINGS SERIES 10.2. ISSN 2398-9467 INTRODUCTION This publication is the product of the conference Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? held at the University of Derby in 2018. The premise of the conference and this publication is that the forces shaping life in cities are complex. The economies they are based on are multiple. Some are growing exponentially, others are shrinking. Some pride themselves on architectural heritage, others are seeking to build and rebrand. Some are old, some are new. Inevitably their urban fabrics vary. The communities that live in these places reflect these conditions. Some are long-standing, others are new and in-formation. Sometimes they are active, on occasion homogenous. More generally they are diverse. These communities need, and want, a say in their futures. Some are well connect and affluent, others suffer deprivation and social exclusion. A constant in the mist of this complexity is their need to be housed – whether by themselves, the market, or governments. The conference and this subsequent publication seek to explore how the three issues of city development, sense of community and housing need, all combine to make lives in our cities livable – or not. How will our urban environments change in the near future? Are the cities we live in now likely to contract or expand? How will these changes impact on communities and the way they are housed? Will new technologies facilitate community engagement with planning? Will resident voices be heard by planners? Will unaffordable housing turn some cities into enclaves of the wealthy, or will the private sector and personal preference gate our communities? These proceedings, and the conference which it documents, were organised by the research organisation AMPS, its academic journal Architecture_MPS, and the College of Engineering & Technology at the University of Derby. It formed part of the AMPS program of events, Housing – Critical Futures. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 THE UNBUILT AND THE IDENTITY: INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC SPACE IN THE POST DISASTER 1 RECOVERY. Monia Del Pinto Chapter 2 THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA FOR THE CREATION OF PLACE AND BELONGING IN TERMS 10 OF DIFFERENT TENURE GROUPS Yahya Aydin Chapter 3 LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN THE UAE CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING SECTOR 19 Alohan Omoregie, Mohamed Khairy, Peter Farrell Chapter 4 SELF-BUILT HOUSING IN HANOI: THE STUDY OF SOCIO-CULTURAL VALUES AND ITS 33 INFLUENCE ON HOUSING DESIGN Ngo Kien Thinh, Yun Gao, Adrian Pitts Chapter 5 ARCHITECTURE AND THE BRAIN: BRINGING HUMAN IN THE HEART OF URBANISM AND 44 ARCHITECTURE Marina Russo-Schtcherbakoff-Kodakoff Chapter 6 SOULFUL LIGHT IN LIVABLE SMART CITIES 52 Aki Ishida Chapter 7 THE CIVIC UNIVERSITY AND LOCALLY-ENGAGED PRACTICE IN ART AND DESIGN 61 EDUCATION Marsha Bradfield, Shibboleth Shechter Chapter 8 QUALITY OF LIFE IN URBAN VILLAGES OF DELHI: IMPACT OF URBANIZATION AND CITY 71 GROWTH Deepika Jauhari Chapter 9 INFRASTRUCTURES UNDER TRANSFORMATION AS VOLATILE COLLECTIVE SPACES 80 María Cecilia Chiappini, Kris Scheerlinck, Yves Schoonjans Chapter 10 CREATING COMMON GROUND: THE VALUE OF PARTICIPATORY DESIGN IN ARTICULATING 104 A COMMON ETHOS Mhairi Mcvicar, Neil Turnbull Chapter 11 LEARNING FROM SELF-PRODUCED HOUSING EXPERIENCES IN BRUSSELS 116 Anna Ternon, Gérald Ledent Chapter 12 ABANDONED URBAN STRUCTURES AS A FRAMEWORK FOR HOUSING DEVELOPMENT 128 Abenia Tiphaine Chapter 13 CITIES, COMMUNITIES AND HOMES: IS THE URBAN FUTURE LIVABLE? 137 Sukhee Yun, Tae Yeual Yi Chapter 14 IS CO-OPERATIVE HOUSING A CREATIVE SOLUTION FOR AUSTRALIA’S HOUSING 154 AFFORDABILITY CRISIS? Petra Perolini Chapter 15 TESTING THE THEORY OF ‘PLANNED COMMUNITIES’: AN EXPLORATION OF THE LINK 164 BETWEEN COMMUNITY DESIGN AND EVERYDAY LIFE THROUGH A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH Nadia Bertolino, Sandra Costa Santos Chapter 16 CITIES, COMMUNITIES AND HOMES AS BLIND FIELDS: A LEFEBVREIAN ANALYSIS 174 Paco Mejiras, Tanzil Shafique Chapter 17 SUSTAINABLE CAMPS: SELF-ORGANISING DESIGN IN COMMUNITY CENTRES 181 Nihal Halimeh, Helen Avery, Mahmoud Halimeh Chapter 18 RESEARCH ON THE ELDERLY MUTUAL-SUPPORT BEHAVIOUR AND SPATIAL SUPPORT 194 CONDITION IN URBAN COMMUNITY—A CASE STUDY OF CHENGXIANJIE COMMUNITY IN NANJING, CHINA Li Xiangfeng, Li Xiaoming Chapter 19 WHY CAN’T WE LIVE TOGETHER? STOCKHOLM – VIENNA’S LARGE COURTYARD BLOCKS 204 Chiara Monterumisi, Alessandro Porotto Chapter 20 CONNECTING THE DOTS: CITIES, COMMUNITIES AND HOMES FOR AN AGEING SOCIETY 218 Bruce Judd Chapter 21 THE MOOR POOL ESTATE: A VISIONARY EDWARDIAN GARDEN SUBURB FOR 227 BIRMINGHAM Charles Hippisley-Cox Chapter 22 URBAN PARKS FOR URBAN FUTURE 233 Nazmiye Nurdogan Chapter 23 IS ALL-ELECTRIC AN OPTION? ABOUT RETROFITTING AND GENTRIFICATION OF PRE-WAR 241 TENEMENT APARTMENT BLOCKS IN AMSTERDAM Leo Oorschot Chapter 24 URBAN FOOD PRODUCTION: INCREASING RESILIENCE, LIVABILITY, AND A SENSE OF 251 COMMUNITY IN BRAZIL, CUBA, AND NEW ZEALAND. Fabricio Chicca, Maibritt Pedersen-Zari Chapter 25 BRIDGING THE GENERATION GAP – CONCRETE AND HOUSING ESTATES OF THE LATE- 261 MODERNISM Claudia Volberg Chapter 26 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND SKILLS ENHANCEMENT IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENT 272 UPGRADING IN DURBAN, SOUTH AFRICA Maria Christina Georgiadou, Claudia Loggia Chapter 27 HOME OUTSIDE THE BOUNDARIES: THE EXPERIENCE OF TRANSITION SPACE IN 282 RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENTS Heba Mohamed Sarhan Chapter 28 FUTURE BOOM STREET, PRETORIA SOUTH AFRICA: THE SPACE BETWEEN THE 291 TEMPORAL AND THE PERMANENT Jacques Laubscher, Sushma Patel Chapter 29 THE PERCEPTION OF THE CITY AND THE TAXATION: THE STRANGE AND DANGEROUS 303 CASES OF THE MEXICAN GATED COMMUNITIES Emanuele Giorgi, Viviana Margarita Barquero Díaz Barriga, Hugo Gutierrez Cota Chapter 30 POTENTIAL OF RETROFITS OF TWO TYPICAL NEW ZEALAND HOUSES FOR AGEING IN 310 PLACE Fatemeh Yavari, Brenda Vale Chapter 31 SPACE PROTECTION AND RECONSTRUCTION STRATEGY: A CASE OF LINGSHUI VILLAGE 323 IN BEIJING OF CHINA Tao Wang, Kemi Adeyeye, Dongsheng Wang, Haibo Guo Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? THE UNBUILT AND THE IDENTITY: INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC SPACE IN THE POST DISASTER RECOVERY. Author: MONIA DEL PINTO Institution: ANTALYA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, TURKEY INTRODUCTION Cities are, by their nature, dynamic systems experiencing continuous growth and modifications, owing their appearance to physical, socio-cultural, economic, environmental features, synthesizing a more complex network of interconnected factors. From the early settlements to the contemporary metropolitan areas, the interaction between these aspects shaped and determined the behaviour of the urban organism. The mutual influence of natural and man-made determinants1 has been responsible for place-specific layouts, changing according to location, climate, available resources and skills, as well as the predominant socio-cultural milieu. Any urban layout results by the juxtaposition of volumes and voids, respectively embodying tangibility and intangibility, solid reality filled with meanings and values. Building the environment means building its representation too, and complex spatial models turn into social models after a physical and anthropological contamination. The result is an organic concept of space 2 made of stratifications, both physical and ontological. In time, mutated social models have been reflected in the physical appearance of the built environment responding to, or determining, needs and behaviour of the modern liquid society3 and proving Lefebvre’s statement that ‘’capitalism produced abstract space’’4. Non- places, separation, individuality, recently became the representation of a new experience of time, space, and social interaction, where the buildings turn into containers of individuals, labelled according to their function, whereas the unbuilt public space is a leftover, sum of meaningless gaps, a sort of ‘’waste product of architectural blueprinting’’5. The above speculation crumbles when it comes to deal with the disasters, and the urban systems appear like fragile man-made encrustations exposed to catastrophes: earthquakes, flooding, hurricanes, landslides invert the system of spatial values in a short time, setting aside any advanced theoretical conjectures in the name of the atavistic need of safety. The following sections will be an introduction to a wider research, aimed to reconsider the role of the open public space in the post-disaster recovery. The paper will outline the features of the Unbuilt involved in fostering identities and sense of belonging of evacuees, offering a reading of how it could influence the community’s response to natural catastrophes. Beyond determining the immediate safety degree of a city in case of disaster, the gaps could reasonably address the later reaction of a community, fostering its resilience. 1 Page AMPS | University of Derby Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? SETTING THE LEXICON Built and Unbuilt Built and Unbuilt represent the primary tangible determinant of the urban morphology, defining, in combination with the intrinsic predisposition of specific locations, the risk exposure and consequent response of cities. The Open Public Space, including roads, squares and their minor unintended subcategories, plays