Nutritional Survey of Mosambi Orchards at Jamsar and Lunkaransar Soil Series of Bikaner District of Arid Rajasthan
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Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 406-418 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 12 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.812.054 Nutritional Survey of Mosambi Orchards at Jamsar and Lunkaransar Soil Series of Bikaner District of Arid Rajasthan Dinesh Kumar1*, B. L. Kumawat2, B. D. Sharma3 and Ramandeep Kaur1 1Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Jaipur National University, Jaipur - 302017 Rajasthan, India 2Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural Research Station, S.K. Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner - 334 006 (Rajasthan), India 3ICAR- Central Institute of Arid Horticulture, Bikaner - 334 006 (Rajasthan), India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The present study was aimed at evaluating the fertility status of mosambi orchards at Jamsar and Lunkaransar series of Bikaner district in irrigated area of arid Rajasthan. All mosambi orchards soils were found alkaline to saline in nature, EC2of all the orchard soil K e yw or ds samples was normal. The CaCO3 content in soils showed increasing trend with depth, low in organic carbon and available N, Low to medium in available P O , Medium to high in 2 5 Correlation, Fruit available K O content, Majority of samples were found low in available Fe and Zn characters, Juice 2 content, low to sufficient in available Cu and high in available Mn content. Leaf N content nutrient, Mosambi, Micronutrients, Soil were found low in mosambi orchards, majority of leaf samples found optimum in leaf P, survey Fe, and Mn content, whereas leaf K content were found low in mosambi orchards. The leaf Cu and Zn content were found low to optimum range in mosambi orchards soils. The Article Info mosambi juice N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn contain were found low to optimum range in Accepted: mosambi orchards at Jamsar and Lunkaransar series of Bikaner district. The fruit yield and 07 November 2019 quality parameters were significantly influenced by the status of nutrients in mosambi Available Online: leaves. The studied area signifying the prominent role of leaf nutrition in determining the 10 December 2019 yield potential and fruit quality at a given soil fertility level. Based on the findings of the present investigation application of N, P, Fe, Cu and Zn fertilizer nutrients need to be addressed in mosambi orchards soils in the studied area for optimizing higher productivity. Introduction and Rajasthan alone covers 62 per cent area under arid zone. In Rajasthan, fruit crop Fruit cultivation in India is spread over an area covers an area of 57.50 thousand hectares and of 6.37 m ha and production is 92.91 MT production is 995.59 thousand MT. Mosambi (NHB 2016-17). India has large arid zones cultivation in India covers 323.2 thousand covering an area of 317090 sq km mainly hectare area and 3519.9 MT productions, located in the North-West parts of the country whereas area under mosambi cultivation in 406 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 406-418 Rajasthan is only 0.19 thousand hectare and series is a member of coarse loamy, mixed production is 2.35 thousand MT indicated that (cal.) hyperthermic family of Typic still there is a scope to increase the area and Haplocambids. Typically Lunkaransar soils productivity level of mosambi fruits are very deep, well drained and have dark cultivation in the state. Mosambi cultivation is yellowish brown, sandy loam, moderately becoming very popular among farmers of alkaline A and B horizon (Shyampura et al., Bikaner district in Indira Gandhi canal 2002). The mean annual rainfall ranges command area of Jamsar and Lunkaransar between 200 and 300 mm. The rainfall series. Bikaner district has approximately 2.81 received is its peak during the month of lac hectare canal irrigated area which has great August and second fortnight of September. potential for expanding area under mosambi cultivation. Very little work has been done on Soil sampling and analysis soil environment and nutrient concentration and quality of mosambi growing particularly Soil samples from surface (0-30 cm depth) in Bikaner districts of arid Rajasthan. Hence, and sub-surface (30-60 cm depth) from each the research programme on mosambi was orchards (10Mosambi orchards) of selected taken up to find out the probable reasons for soil series in Bikaner district were collected the decline of mosambi orchards with respect with the help of a wooden khurpi. Samples to soil factors and leaf nutrient concentration were completely air-dried and passed through that influencing yield and quality of fruits. 2 mm sieve and stored in properly labeled plastic bags for analysis. The pH and electrical Materials and Methods conductivity of the soil samples were measures in 1: 2 soil water suspension Study area described by Richards (1954). The content of organic carbon in the soil samples was The present study was carried out at Jamsar determined using the procedures described by and Lunkaransar soil series of Bikaner district Piper (1950) and calcium carbonate was in canal irrigated areas of western Rajasthan estimated by rapid titration method described covers an area of 117300 and 104240 ha, by Hutchinson and McLennan (1914). respectively. Physiographic position of western plains marusthali has Lunkaransar and Available N was determined using alkaline Jamsar soil series (Bikaner district). permanganate method described by Subbiah and Asija (1956), Available P was determined According agro climatic zone Bikaner district extract by 0.5 M NaHCO at pH 8.5 and 3 comes under Ic i.e. Hyper arid partially development of color for colorimetric irrigated western plain. measurement by Olsen et al., (1956), Available K was determined using flame Characteristics of soil series and climate photometer described by Metson (1956), Available Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn contents in soil Jamser series is a member of coarse loamy, samples were determined using AAS mixed (cal.) hyperthermic family of Calcic described by Lindsay and Norvell (1978). Haplogypsids. Typically Jamsar soils are very deep, well drained and have dark yellowish Leaf sampling and analysis brown, sandy, mildly alkaline overburden on dark yellowish brown, sandy loam, The methodology for leaf sampling suggested moderately alkaline Ahorizon. Lunkaransar by Singh et al., (1989) for mosambi was 407 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(12): 406-418 followed. Composite leaf samples from four Results and Discussion trees in each orchard of the soil series was collected from third pair of leaf apex in the Phsico-chemical and soil fertility status of early morning or late evening hours during the mosambi orchards month of March-April, 2015 from 10-15 years age old plants with a sample size of 60 leaves Data presented in Table 1 revealed that pH of from all the four directions for nutritional soil depths i.e. 0-30 and 30-60 cm varied from diagnosis. Samples collected were kept in 8.32 to 8.82 and 8.08 to 8.48 with mean value paper bag and quickly brought to the 8.54 and 8.25 in Jamsar series and 8.52 to 9.12 laboratory. These samples were washed and 8.11 to 8.56 with mean value 8.83and 8.41 thoroughly by using 0.2 per cent detergent in Lunkaransar soil series. The EC2 of 0-30 solution to remove waxy coating on the leaf and 30-60 cm soil depths were ranged surface. Thereafter washed with N/10 HCl between 0.17 to 0.85 and 0.06 to 0.74 with solution to remove heavy metals like Fe, Mn, mean value 0.46 and 0.35 in Jamsar series and Zn, etc., followed by distilled water to remove 0.92to 0.99 and 0.75 to 0.92 with mean value acid and detergent residue and finally in 0.96 and 0.85 in Lunkaransar soil series. The double distilled water. After cleaning samples CaCO3 values of soil depths, viz0-30 and 30- were put in a new paper bag and placed in hot 60 cm were ranged between 20.85 to 67.89 air oven at 70 C for 24 hours. After drying and26.49 to 71.35 with mean value 39.64 and sample were ground and 0 stored in clearly 43.50 in Jamsar soil series and 28.92 to 66.45 labeled polythene bags for further analysis. and 32.09 to 81.89 with mean value48.31 and 51.04 in Lunkaransar series. Series wise, Plant sample was digested by using H SO and range and mean values of organic carbon H O carried 2 4 2 2 out for nitrogen and content of different soil layers were recorded determined N content by colorimetric method 0.33 to 2.15 with the mean value 1.08 in 0-30 using spectrophotometer described by Snell cm, 0.20 to 1.44 with mean value 0.92 in 30- and Snell (1949), Plant P content determined 60 cm depth in Jamsar series, 0.21 to 0.93 by Vanadomolybdophosphricacid yellow with mean value 0.55 in 0-30 cm and 0.22 to colour method described by Jackson (1973), 0.41 with mean value 0.32 in 30-60 cm depths plant K content K was determined using flame in Lunkaransar series of Bikaner district. photometer described by Bhargava and Raghupati (1993), plant digest (using HNO The available N content of soils in 0-30 and and HClO mixture for digestion) were 3 30-60 cm depths were ranged between 63.48 4prepared and analyzed for Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn to 99.43 and 60.59 to 96.25 with mean value using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer 84.30 and 80.51 in Jamsar series and 57.15 to described by Lindasy and Norvell (1978).