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TR-376: Allyl Glycidyl Ether (CASRN 106-92-3)

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TR-376: Allyl Glycidyl Ether (CASRN 106-92-3) NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM Technical Report Series No. 376 3- TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER (CAS NO. 106-92-3) IN OSBORNE-MENDEL RATS AND B6C3Fi MICE (INHALATION STUDIES) U.S. DEPARTMENTOF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health FOREWORD The National Toxicology Program (NTP) is made up of four charter agencies of the U.S.Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS): the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health; the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health; the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Food and Drug Administration; and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control. In July 1981, the Carcinogenesis Bioassay Testing Program, NCI, was transferred to the NIEHS. The NTP coordinates the relevant programs, staff, and resources from these Public Health Service agen- cies relating to basic and applied research and to biological assay development and validation. The NTP develops, evaluates, and disseminates scientific information about potentially toxic and hazardous chemicals. This knowledge is used for protecting the health of the American people and for the primary prevention of disease. The studies described in this Technical Report were performed under the direction of the NIEHS and were conducted in compliance with NTP chemical health and safety requirements and must meet or exceed all applicable Federal, state, and local health and safety regulations. Animal care and use were in accordance with the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Animals. All NTP toxicology and carcinogenesis studies are subjected to a comprehensive audit before being pre- sented for public review. This Technical Report has been reviewed and approved by the NTP Board of Scientific Counselors’ Peer Review Panel in public session; the interpretations described herein rep- resent the official scientific position of the NTP. These studies are designed and conducted to characterize and evaluate the toxicologic potential, in- cluding carcinogenic activity, of selected chemicals in laboratory animals (usually two species, rats and mice). Chemicals selected for NTP toxicology and carcinogenesis studies are chosen primarily on the bases of human exposure, level of production, and chemical structure. Selection per se is not an indicator of a chemical’s carcinogenic potential. These NTP Technical Reports are available for sale from the National Technical Information Service, U.S.Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161 (703-487-4650). Single copies of this Technical Report are available without charge while supplies last from the NTP Public Information Office, NIEHS, P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (919-541-3991). Allyl Glycidyl Ether, NTP TR 376 NTP TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES OF ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER (CAS NO. 106-92-3) IN OSBORNE-MENDEL RATS AND B6C3F1 MICE (INHALATION STUDIES) Gary Boorman, D.V.M., Ph.D., Study Scientist NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM P.O. Box 12233 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 January 1990 NTP TR 376 NIH Publication No. 90-2831 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service National Institutes of Health CONTENTS PAGE ABSTRACT ................................................................ 3 EXPLANATION OF LEVELS OF EVIDENCE OF CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY .................. 7 CONTRIBUTORS ............................................................ 8 PEERREVIEWPANEL ........................................................ 9 SUMMARY OF PEER REVIEW COMMENTS ......................................... 10 I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 11 II. MATERIALS AND METHODS .............................................. 15 III. RESULTS ............................................................. 23 RATS ............................................................. 24 MICE ............................................................. 34 GENETICTOXICOLOGY ............................................... 46 IV. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ........................................... 47 V . REFERENCES ......................................................... 53 APPENDIXES APPENDIX A SUMMARY OF LESIONS IN MALE OSBORNE-MENDEL RATS IN THE TWO-YEAR INHALATION STUDY OF ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER ....................... 57 APPENDIX B SUMMARY OF LESIONS IN FEMALE OSBORNE-MENDEL RATS IN THE TWO-YEAR INHALATION STUDY OF ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER ....................... 81 APPENDIX C SUMMARY OF LESIONS IN MALE MICE IN THE TWO-YEAR INHALATION STUDY OF ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER ................................. 105 APPENDIX D SUMMARY OF LESIONS IN FEMALE MICE IN THE TWO-YEAR INHALATION STUDYOFALLYLGLYCIDYL ETHER ................................. 131 APPENDIX E RESULTS OF SEROLOGIC ANALYSIS ................................. 161 APPENDIX F INGREDIENTS. NUTRIENT COMPOSITION. AND CONTAMINANT LEVELS IN NIH 07 RAT AND MOUSE RATION ................................... 165 APPENDIX G CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION. ANALYSIS. AND GENERATION OF CHAMBER CONCENTRATIONS OF ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER FOR THE TOXICOLOGY STUDIES ...................................................... 169 APPENDIX H METHODS FOR STUDIES OF REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN RATS AND MICE EXPOSED TO ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER BY INHALATION .................. 183 APPENDIX I RESULTS OF STUDIES OF REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN OSBORNE-MENDEL RATS EXPOSED TO ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER BY INHALATION ............. 187 APPENDIX J RESULTS OF STUDIES OF REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN MICE EXPOSED TO ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER BYINHALATION ............................ 197 APPENDIX K GENETIC TOXICOLOGY OF ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER ..................... 207 APPENDIXL AUDITSUMMARY ............................................... 217 Allyl Glycidyl Ether. NTP TR 376 2 H H H H H I I I I I /H H -C-C-C-O-C<=C \/ I I 'H .O' H H ALLYL GLYCIDYL ETHER CAS No. 106-92-3 C6H1002 Molecular weight 114.1 Synonyms: allyl 2,3-epoxypropyl ether; l-allyloxy-2,3-epoxypropane; 1,2-epoxy-3-allyloxypropane;glycidyl allyl ether; ((2-propenyloxy)methyl)oxirane;l-(allyloxy)-2,3-epoxypropane ABSTRACT Allyl glycidyl ether is used as a resin intermediate and as a stabilizer of chlorinated compounds, vinyl resins, and rubber. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by exposing groups of Os- borne-Mendel rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex to allyl glycidyl ether (greater than 97% pure) by in- halation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 2 weeks, 13 weeks, or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, and Dro- sophila melanogaster. Studies of reproductive effects were conducted in rats and mice exposed to allyl glycidyl ether for 8 weeks. Two-Week Studies: Exposure concentrations ranged up to 500 ppm in rats and 100 ppm in mice. All rats that were exposed to 500 ppm died; no deaths occurred at the next lower (200 ppm) exposure con- centration. All male mice and 3/5female mice exposed to 100 ppm and 2/5 male mice and 115 female mice exposed to 50 ppm died. Compound-related lesions in rats and mice included acute inflamma- tion of the nasal passage and major airways. Eight-Week Studies of Reproductive Effects: Rats were exposed to 0-200 ppm allyl glycidyl ether, and mice were exposed to 0-30 ppm, 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 8 weeks. The mating perform- ance of exposed male rats was markedly reduced; however, sperm motility and number were not af- fected. No deficiencies were seen in the reproductive performance of exposed female rats or male or female mice. Thirteen-Week Studies: Exposure concentrations ranged up to 200 ppm for rats and 30 ppm for mice. All rats lived to the end of the studies. The final mean body weights of male rats exposed to 10-200 ppm were 7%-24% lower than that of controls. Final mean body weights of female rats exposed to 30- 200 ppm were 7%-13% lower than that of controls. Clinical signs attributable to irritation of the up- per respiratory tract and eyes were seen in exposed animals. Histologic lesions included squamous metaplasia of the nasal passage in all exposure groups (4ppm, lowest concentration) and involved both the respiratory epithelium and the olfactory epithelium. The lesions were more severe anteri- orly and dorsally and with increasing concentration. At 30 ppm and higher, erosion was seen in the nasal passage and squamous metaplasia was seen in the upper airways. There were no compound-related deaths in mice. The final mean body weights of mice exposed to 30 ppm were 12% lower than those of controls for both males and females. Mice exposed to 10 or 30 ppm allyl glycidyl ether had squamous metaplasia of the nasal passage, involving both the respiratory 3 Allyl Glycidyl Ether, NTP TR 376 epithelium and the olfactory epithelium, which tended to be more severe in the anterior and dorsal portions of the nasal passage. In mice exposed to 30 ppm, epithelial erosions were also found. Body Weights and Survival in the Two-year Studies: Two-year studies were conducted by exposing groups of 50 Osborne-Mendel rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex to 0, 5, or 10 ppm allyl glycidyl ether by inhalation for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 102 or 103 weeks. Mean body weights of the ex- posed rats were within 8% of those of the controls throughout the studies. Mean body weights of mice exposed to 5 or 10 ppm were 5%-20% lower than those of controls. Deaths
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