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LUT Lut 9 1983
FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS FAMILY: LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian, Ocean)
Lutjanus russelli (Bleeker, 1849)
OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None
VERNACULAR NAMES:
FAO : En - Russell's snapper Fr - Vivaneau hublot Sp - Pargo ojo de buey
NATIONAL:
DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS:
A moderately deep-bodied snapper with head profile a little concave; interorbital space convex; vomerine teeth (on roof of mouth) in a triangular patch with a posterior projection. Dorsal fin with 10 spines and 14 or 15 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 8 or 9 soft rays; caudal fin truncate to emarginate. Longitudinal rows of scales above lateral line appear to rise obliquely to dorsal profile, those below lateral line horizontal; predorsal scales (on roof of head beginning behind eyes; soft parts of dorsal and anal fins with a scaly sheath. Colour: body reddish brown or silvery, with a dark, variable black blotch above lateral line below junction of spinous and soft parts of dorsal fin. About 8 golden or light brown lines on body, lower ones horizontal and upper ones rising obliquely to dorsal profile large adults from deep water sometimes without stripes); pelvic and anal fins yellow. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA:
Lutjanus fulviflammus: 12 or 13 dorsal fin rays (14 or 15 in L. russelli; head profile convex, interorbital space flat; longitudinal golden stripes run horizontally only. L. monostigmus: no brown or yellow oblique stripes on body; only 13 dorsal soft rays; vomerine tooth patch without a posterior median projection. L. fulviflammus L. ehrenbergi and L. johni: longitudinal scale rows above and below lateral line horizontal; stripes on body scale rows horizontal. Furthermore, dark blotch on body placed above lateral line in L. johni.
L. duodecemlineatus, L. kasmira and L. coeruleo- lineatus: a series of blue stripes onside; predorsal scales beginning on a line between middle of eyes. L. monostigmus Other Lutjanus species: no black blotch on body, or L. ehrenbergi, L. johni ground colour different.
SIZE:
Maximum: 40 cm; common to 28 cm. L. russelli vomerine teeth L. russelli and many others GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: on roof of mouth Recorded throughout most of the area, except in the Red Sea, Mauritius, Réunion, Chagos Archipelago and Maldive Islands. Elsewhere, in the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Central Pacific.
Inhabits shallow waters in rocky and coral reef areas; juveniles are found in mangrove areas.
Feeds on bottom-living invertebrates and fishes. L. johni
PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:
Shallow waters, throughout its range.
CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:
Separate statistics are not reported for this species.
Caught mainly with handlines and traps.
Marketed mostly fresh. LUT Lut 10
1983
FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS
FAMILY: LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean)
Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Lutjanus sanquineus (Cuvier, 1828)
FAO : En - Malabar blood snapper Fr - Vivaneau malabar Sp - Pargo malabarico NATIONAL:
DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS:
A deep-bodied snapper with head profile straight or concave; interorbital space 4.4 to 5.1 times in head length; preopercuiar notch shallow; interopercular knob inconspicuous; ventral and horizontal edges of preopercle finely serrated. Dorsal fin with 11 spines and 14 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 8 or 9 soft rays. Longitudinal rows of scales above lateral line appear to rise obliquely to dorsal profile, those below lateral line horizontal; scales on head beginning behind eyes; soft parts of dorsal and anal fins with a scaly sheath.
Colour: deep red in adults; juveniles red/brown above, silvery below, with dark longitudinal stripes on body following scale rows, a saddle-like black blotch on caudal peduncle surrounded by a silvery band, and a dark brown band down front of head. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA: Lutjanus sebae: a distinct preopercular notch and a long interopercular knob, becoming proportionately larger in bigger fish; 15 or 16 soft rays in dorsal fin (14 in L. Interopercular malabaricus); 10 or 11 anal fin rays (8 or 9 in L. knob malabaricus).
L. erythropterus and L. gibbus: scale rows above and below lateral line running obliquely upward. Futher- more, only 10 dorsal fin spines in L. qibbus (11 in L. malabaricus) and dorsal head profile convex in L. erythropterus. preopercular notch L. sebae L. malabaricus Other red-coloured Lutjanus species: snout profile convex in most species. Furthermore, a distinct hump above eyes in L. coccineus and only 10 dorsal fin spines in L. bohar, L. argentimaculatus, L. lemniscatus and L. russelli. Pinjalo pinjalo: eye at mid-level of head; axis from tip of snout to middle of caudal fin passing through centre of pupil; caudal fin lunate; scale rows above and below lateral line running obliquely upward. L. gibbus, L. erythropterus L. bohar, L. coccineus, L. malabaricus
SIZE: L. sebae Maximum: 90 cm; common to 50 cm.
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Throughout the area north of about 23°S. Else- where, in the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Central Pacific.
Usually found in coastal waters down to depths of 100 m. Lutjanus Pinjalo Feeds on bottom-living invertebrates.
PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:
Coastal waters, throughout its range.
CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:
Separate statistics are not reported for this species. Caught with handlines, bottom longlines and bottom trawls.
Marketed mostly fresh; also dried salted. LUT Lut 11
1983
FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS
FAMILY: LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean)
Lutianus sebae (Cuvier, 1828)
OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: None
VERNACULAR NAMES:
FAO : En - Emperor red snapper Fr - Vivaneau bourgeois Sp - Pargo imperial
NATIONAL:
DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS:
A deep-bodied snapper, with head profile straight or convex; preopercular notch distinct and deep; interopercular knob marked, increasing with age until it becomes a short spike in large adults; vertical and horizontal edges of preopercle finely serrated. Dorsal fin with 11 spines and 15 or 16 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 10 or 11 soft rays; soft parts of dorsal and anal fins pointed. Longitudinal scale rows above lateral line appear to rise obliquely to dorsal profile, those below more or less horizontal anteriorly but appearing to rise obliquely posteriorly; scales on head beginning behind eye; soft parts of dorsal and anal fins with a scaly sheath. Colour: deep red in large adults; juveriles and smaller adults pink with a dark red band from first dorsal spine through eye to tip of snout; a second dark band from middle of spinous part of dorsal fin to pelvic fin; and a third band running from base of last dorsal fin spines obliquely downward across caudal peduncle and along lower rays of caudal fin; margin of soft part of dorsal, upper margin of caudal, and anterior rays of anal fins, dark. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA:
Lutianus malabaricus: no distinct preopercular notch or interopercular knob; dorsal fin rays 14 (15 or 16 in L. sebae); and fin rays 8 or 9 (10 or 11 in L. sebae).
L. erythropterus and L.gibbus: scale rows above and below lateral line running obliquely upward; only 8 or 9 anal fin rays (10 or 11 in L. sebae). Furthermore, only 10 dorsal fin spines and 14 soft rays in L. malabaricus (11 spines and 15 or 16 soft rays in L. sebae).
Other red-colour Lutianus species: scale rows below L. malabaricus lateral line horizontal throughout their length; fewer dorsal and anal fin rays. Furthermore, a distinct hump above eyes in L. coccineus and only 10 dorsal fin spines in L. bohar, L. argentimaculatus, L. lemniscatus and L. russelli.
Pinjalo pinalo: eye at mid-level of head, axis from tip of snout to middle of caudal fin passing through centre of pupil; caudal fin lunate; scale rows above and below lateral line running obliquely upward.
L. erythropterus L.gibbus SIZE:
Maximum: over 100 cm; common to 60 cm.
L. sebae GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR: Throughout most of the area north of about 22°S, but apparently not recorded from the “Gulf;” Mauritius, Réunion and the Chagos Archipelago.
Juveniles inhabit shallow mangrove and seagrass areas; adults are found down to depths of 100 m.
Feeds on crustaceans and bottom-living fishes. other red-colour Lutjanus species
PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:
Coastal waters, throughout its range.
CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:
Separate statistics are not reported for this species.
Caught mainly with handlines and bottom trawls.
Marketed mostly fresh; also dried salted. LUT Lut 12
1983
FAO SPECIES IDENTIFICATION SHEETS
FAMILY : LUTJANIDAE FISHING AREA 51 (W. Indian Ocean)
Lutjanus vittus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
OTHER SCIENTIFIC NAMES STILL IN USE: Lutjanus vitta
VERNACULAR NAMES: FAO : En - Brownstripe snapper (= Brownstripe red snapper in Areas 57/71) Fr - Vivaneau à bande brune Sp - Pargo bitilla NATIONAL :
DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS:
A small snapper with a broad preorbital space (between eye and maxilla), equal to eye diameter in adults; eye relatively small, its diameter 4 or more times in head length; preopercular notch distinct, but not deep: vertical and horizontal edges of preopercle with fine serrations; vomerine teeth (on roof of mouth) in a triangular patch, sometimes with a posterior projection. Dorsal fin with 10 spines and 13 soft rays; anal fin with 3 spines and 7 or 8 soft rays; caudal fin truncate or slightly emarginate. Scale rows above lateral line appear to rise obliquely to dorsal profile, those below lateral line horizontal; scales on head beginning over middle of eye; soft parts of dorsal and and fins with a scaly sheath.
Colour: upper part of body pale red yellow with numerous oblique dark brown lines following scale row; lower body silvery with horizontal light brown lines; a distinct strong line along sides from eye to upper base of caudal fin; fins yellowish. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS OF SIMILAR SPECIES OCCURRING IN THE AREA:
Lutjanus lutjanus (formerly L. lineolatus): pre- orbital space narrower, about one half of eye diameter (equal to eye diameter in L. vittus); eye larger, its diameter about 3 to 3.5 times in head length (4 or more times in L. vittus); dorsal fin nearly always with 11 spines; mid-lateral stripes on body dark yellow.
L. madras: preorbital space about two-thirds of eye diameter; eye diameter 3.5 times in head length; mid- lateral stripe on body yellow. L. lutjanus L. madras L. vittus L. biguttatus: 11 dorsal fin spines (10 in L. vittus); mid-lateral stripe pearly white, and 2 small white spots on upper back.
Other Lutjanus species: differ considerably in colour pattern; none has a broad mid-lateral stripe on body as adult.
SIZE: Maximum: 40 cm; common to 22 cm.
L. biguttatus
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIOUR:
Within the area, reported from the east African coast north of about 17°S, the Comores, Seychelles, Gulf of Aden, coasts of Pakistan and India, Laccadives and Maldives and Sri Lanka. Apparently not recorded from the Red Sea, the “Gulf”, Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius and the Chagos Archipelago. Elsewhere, in the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Western Central Pacific. Inhabits moderately shallow waters in rocky and coral reef areas.
Feeds on crustaceans and bottom fishes.
PRESENT FISHING GROUNDS:
Coastal waters, throughout its range.
CATCHES, FISHING GEAR AND FORMS OF UTILIZATION:
Separate statistics are not reported for this species.
Caught mainly with handlines, traps and bottom trawls. Marketed mostly fresh.
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