Cornish American Heritage Society rowed into letters, diaries, etc., andhas found sturdy, parts to all of theworld tofind mining work. She has bur- Behind”, a study ofthe women whose husbands went off Lesley is doing apaper on“The Wives WhoWere Left Payton's atthe Department of Cornish Studies Penryn.in called Lesley Trotter, a post Another lunch a few days after thatbrought awoman loss.Our times,many would betoo difficult for him now. US, he though and Annwould itlove and have been here twinkle the in remain,eye however. He felt atrip tothe and tourguiding. The irreverent sense ofhumor and the the result ofthroat cancer, and given has up his singing for avisit. Harry now has alaryngeal device for speaking, health.his He and wife, Ann, cameto Nonsuch Cottage mayyou know Harry as Safari, thetour guide, to ask after Then aday ortwo Vernlater, called Harry Glasson whom mid Wements. will have afinal yes/no answer from them by trip like that, notthe least of which is the financialarrange- week tour.There are many considerations forthem for a wellas suggestions for apossible Upper Midwest two informationthem about lodging andaccommodations, as lifetime!” Five bands quickly responded, andwe've given ers and conductors. He billed it “an as opportunity of a Heand me. was most helpfulin contacting band manag- from his home in toPenzance for lunch with Vern of aweekly BBC program brass on band music, came Hunt, awell Cornish Brass Bands join us for theGathering. Phillip You may know that we hope to have one of the many interesting meetings resulted. UKwas phone charged, I went towork! And several very ofmonth April .in Upon arriving, as soon as my welcome one. I had just such an opportunity during the 14 Gathering ofthe Cornish Cousins in Milwaukee onAugust For many ofus who areworking onplanning the 17th - 17, 2014, any opportunity to promote theevent a is Gathering of Cornish Cousins Update - August.

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known Cornish band authority and presenter Tam “ A“ bit of Cornish” Kernewekk Volume 31 3 Issue Volume - graduate student ofPhillip

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provide His it. concern at this time is “How Do WePack- he so must have some assistance in coming. We hope to and,ing, as he says, “Cornish politicians are not wealthy,” representative fromTruro, hopes tocometo the Gather- Bert Biscoe andHoward Curnow. Bert, aCornwallCouncil I visitedwith two iconic Cornish personalities phone:by her findings. comewill the to Gathering as a presenter totalk about resourceful women. If arrangements becan made, she From the Cornish Immigrant newsletter (Milwaukee) newsletter Immigrant Cornish the From Kathryn Herman wouldn't be it lovely? could just import thewhole of Cornwall August,in 2014, It's wonderful to know ofour Cousins in London. Ifwe about our visit and plans for the Gathering. The Cornishman is/has been awriter/reporter then sent a press release to activities.their One ofthe members, Graham Norton, who Society.nish Over aglass of Guinness, they told of us PubOak London in with six members of the London Cor- CornishOur send other subjects. leading specialist onCornish emigration history, among extendwill an invitation to him for theGathering as heis a Cornwall, so Icommunicated with through him email. We Australia andwas notback in officehis during time my in Campusmough Penryn.in Phillip had just returned from Director ofCornish Studies at University, Tre finalMy contact was with Professor Phillip Payton, the Gatherings. chief cheer leader. He usually manages toget toall the Howard Curnow continues his activities Cornwall's as from him. age Cornwall to the Grandkids”! I'm we'll sure be hearing 49

, - a West Cornwallweekly newspaper, off was alovely dinner atPenhaligon's

Fall 2013 2013 Fall

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President’s Message

All too fast the summer is coming to an end. I’ve enjoyed a little extra freedom and have escaped to my source of Cornish ancestry, Mineral Point, Wisconsin. The pale stone buildings look very similar to Cornwall and I try to feel how life was in the eighteen hundreds when my immigrant ancestors arrived. The nature and rolling hills in the area rejuvenate me and the friendly people help make my pilgrimage less solitary. I hope you have also have some opportunities this summer to recreate before the weather changes.

The plans for the 17th Gathering continue. A strong schema has been developed that we are excited about. Chair Kathryn Herman and the others from the Cornish Society of Greater Milwaukee should have a few im- portant links finalized by mid-September. Keep your eyes on the website (http://www.milwaukeecornish.org) for details. Things will be brought up-to-date daily as they are confirmed. We are hoping you’ve already marked your calendars for the Gathering: August 13 - 17, 2014. A great fall season!

Gen oll an collan ve (cordially),

Tom ______

Gorsedh Kernow: Berdh Nowyth/New Bards

2013: Pennrynn/Penryn to be installed in September

Delia Brotherton - St Ives—By examination in the and continuing work for Cornwall Mike Cawley - St Mawgan—For promoting Cornish to the community Edwina Dorman - London—By examination in the Cornish Language and continuing work for Cornwall Richard Evans - and Kenya—For his continuing support of Cornwall through Cornish Rugby Nicholas Hart - St Neot—For his creativity in Cornish music Pam Lomax - —For her researches into and promotion of Newlyn Simon Margetts - St Dennis—By examination in the Cornish Language and continuing work for Cornwall Robin Meneer - Sancreed—For continuing the promotion of Cornish hedging Roger Radcliffe - St Agnes—For his researches into and promotion of St Agnes Annabelle Reid - Newlyn—For her continuing support of Cornwall's Heritage Angela Renshaw - —For her creativity in Cornish music Ani Saunders - Caerydd, —By examination in the Cornish Language and continuing work for Cornwall Tassy Swallow - St Ives—For her promotion of Cornwall through sport Patricia Tremaine - Launceston—By examination in the Cornish Language and continuing work for Cornwall David Trethewey - Truro—By examination in the Cornish Language and continuing work for Cornwall Heather West - —By examination in the Cornish Language and continuing work for Cornwall June Whiffin - Victoria, Australia—For ongoing support of Cornwall in Victoria Carlene Woolcock - South Australia—For ongoing support of Cornwall in South Australia

50 Correspondence from Societies Summer in February and CousinJack website Look out for a new film called Summer in February. It is based The Federation of Old Cornwall Societies on the 1995 novel by Jonathan Smith about the Newlyn artist has a new website: www.oldcornwall.net colony just before the outbreak of the First World War. It was ****************************************************** filmed on location in Lamorna and Prussia Cove using all local extras. One of the stars is Dan Stevens (Matthew in Downton Abbey). The first public screening of the movie was held at the Savoy Cinema in Penzance although its official world premiere was in London almost two weeks later. Unfortunately, it may be many months before it arrives in NZ cinemas.

Editor’s note: Cornish Choughs: Wonder if it will be available in the Things look brighter for Cornish Choughs, however. alt- States? hough one older male was recently rubbed out by a young rival on the Lizard, there were 16 young this season, two broods of five, and three broods of two. There are a fur- AND ther three pairs of choughs that have shown signs of The guest speaker for the New Zealand Cornish Society breeding but they are too young. Looks like they'll outlive was Nigel Beal, the Man from Ashburton and former- the Cornish Londoners. More info is available at: ly from , Cornwall. www.cornishchoughs.org.uk. Laid off from being a signwriter, he turned his interests to London Cornish Association via Sue Cox making for the local farmers market. Starting with ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 50 pasties he and his wife, are now up to 200 per day The Cornish Association of Victoria now has a baked in two shifts. large number of older editions of country and re- Nigel said the original pastry was made with barley flour gional city newspapers which have been digitised, and are now available on the TROVE web site: which made it as hard as rock and would have needed a http://trove.nla.gov.au/forum/showthread.php?1571- hammer to open them - just the thing for carrying down a Newspaper-titles-recently-added-to-Trove mine. The flour in New Zealand is more refined than in the ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ U.K, so Joan, his wife, a trained baker, experimented and A hardy group of 7 visited Dangar Island and found now has a pastry basically shortcrust but bordering on the Cornish Connection. The island is in the flaky. Pre ordered pasties were sold and the extras quickly Hawkesbury River north of Sydney. Visited in were also sold. March 1788 by 1st Governor Arthur Phillip it was From the New Zealand Cornish Association newsletter named Mullet Island. It was purchased in 1864 by Henry Carey Dangar, who was the son of Cornish- man Henry Dangar and renamed after his family. After having a lunch at a riverside café, exploring the island and having tea, the ferry brought them back home.

From CANSW newsletter

Maypole Dance after parade at

51 Correspondence con’t:

Courtesy of Dairyland Farmworld, Facebook.com ======

Initials

The initials after your ancestors’ names may not be titles or degrees, but they might provide useful info- The medal shown above was received by Percy Tamblyn mation that you may not have expected. many years ago. As his grandson, David Tamblyn, de- Here are a few of initials and meanings you may run scribed it, at the top is an enamel pin with two hands shak- across in your research: A.a.s.– died in the year of (his/her) age, ie: a.a.s. 64 ing. On the ribbon below this are the American flag and a annoaetatis suae) British flag which is red with the Union Jack in the corner. d.s.p.—died without issue (decessit prole legitimia) Beneath that is another medal with a blue shield and the d.s.p.l.—died without surviving male issue (decessit words “One and All” , and finally the actual red, white and prole mascula super-stia) blue ribbon which says: d.unm—died unmarried The Cornish d.v.p.– died in the lifetime of his father (decessit vita Association patris) Org. Nov.2, 1913 d.v.m.—died in the lifetime of his mother (decessit Bisbee, Ariz. vita matris) At the bottom there are gold tassels. inst– present month or time (instans) liber– book or volume nepos—grandson Francis Dunstan of the London Cornish Association has nune– nuncupative will, an oral will written by wit- informed us that the British red flag as shown is the “Red nesses Ensign” currently used to identify British merchant ships or relect– widow or widower (relictus or relicta) other non-military craft but wondered, as we do, why this testes– witnesses one was used to make the badge. ux or vs—wife viz—namely (videlicet) David is eager to learn more about the medal and The Cor- Genealogical Society of Monroe County (Michigan USA) newsletter nish Association in Bisbee, Arizona. He can be contacted at : [email protected].

52 Correspondence con’t: www.cornishreunited.com

Sharing Cornish ancestry through both family and his-

torical stories and photo’s. A must for the Family His-

tory researcher, the history buff or anyone with a love of Cornwall.

Cornish saying….. ‘ Tidn goin zackly’

Liz Broekman, LCA; Susan Jeffress (daughter); John Carbis (keeper Cornish for: Things are not going as of the worldwide Carbis history); Katie Jeffress (Granddaughter); Sha- planned ron Carbis (Ron’s wife); Tony Wakeham, LCA

Ron Carbis's (CAHS Treasurer) family meeting for lunch with the London Cornish at Penderal's Pub (Liz and Tony of the London Cornish , and John Carbis of Chelsea the keeper of the worldwide Carbis genealogy. We had a good time. If you are ever to go to , London, I recommend this place, less expensive than a hotel and with maid service and a kitchen, wireless, more TV chan- nels than a hotel ( the maid does the dishes, they will get groceries at cost with no other charge). It was a fantastic place, we are saving money to go again. http://www.greengardenhouse.com/ Shoalhaven Family History Fair. By the way we also went to Warner Bros Studios, the A small group of committee members manned the SSoC Making of Harry Potter, was unbelievable. Look here: stand at the family history and cultural fair held in Nowra http://www.wbstudiotour.co.uk/ on the 14th and 15th of June. We spoke with many people And we took the Eurostar train to Paris, what a trip. with Cornish connections and we have been following up ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ with a number of individuals who expressed an interest in learning more about SSoC. Used from the Southern Sons of Cornwall newsletter I am trying to find a Cornish Relative who has dis- ______appeared off of the English Records and I am trying to find out if he emigrated to America, Australia or somewhere else. I don’t know if you can help me or put me in contact with someone who can advise me of places to visit (on line) to try and find him His name was Silas Mankey and he was born in St. Thomas, or , Cornwall between 1841 and 1844. He disappears off the census from 1861 onwards and I can find no death for him. I would be grateful for any information you may be able to give me, Many thanks, 40 California Cornish Cousins at their 22nd annual gathering. The Yours sincerely event featured the Grass Valley Male Voice Choir, a pasty lunch Lesley Lane with homemade saffron buns, and Gage McKinney, key note [email protected] speaker talking on Richard Jose, countertenor. They also ex- plored the divide between the South and Middle Forks of the Yu- ba River. They were able to learn more about several Cornish men who brought their technical know-how to the region. From Kenderwi Kernewek newsletter

53 Correspondence con’t: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4d1SzbBfblE&feature=share

Click on the link for the Cornish Elements song about 96 interest- ing places in one COUNTY! And of course that county is CORN- WALL Thanks to Pacific Northwest Facebook page ______

Thanks to Pacific Northwest Cornish Society on Facebook ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Cornwall is One of This was the 25th Anniversary of the Ballarat Seven : Branch and it was wonderful that some former , , , members and the President of the CAV, Robert Wales, , Cornwall Gribben, were able to join us for this event. and Galicia - northwest of Spain To mark this auspicious occasion, Vice President Joy Menhennet made and decorated a cake, in the Largely because of its central location by sea as the gate- shape of our country Australia and decorated it with way to the other Celtic nations, Cornwall has maintained Cornish emblems. much of her own identity in traditions and culture. As you can see, isolated London lies 250 miles to the east http://www.cornwallgb.com/ ******************************************* Odd Spot ‘Terrified posties have been ordered to stop delivering mail to a street in Cornwall after a string of attacks by angry seagulls. Residents of the seaside street in now have to collect their own letters. And they reckon the posties’ bright Royal Mail outfits were making the gulls see red as they protect their young in nests. Resident Jackie Bray, 67, said: ‘they should man up and buy a hard hat’. Joy and Nita Bartle lit a candle and cut the cake. The Age 3 July 2013 President Robert congratulated Ballarat Branch Used from the CAV newsletter ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ members on this achievement and all present sang During the Toronto Society ‘Crowdy Crawn” Marjo- ‘Happy Anniversary’. rie told the group that anyone interested in the Cornish Our speaker for the evening was the President of the language, alphabet and pronunciation, an informative CAV, Robert Gribben and following the meeting he source is http:www.omniglot.com/writing Cor- shared with us a fascinating story of his wife’s nish.htm. It briefly traces the history of this Celtic lan- (Susan) ancestors - Walter and Mary Croggon (nee guage from late 7th century AD to the present, Mullis) - Susan’s ggg grandparents. Robyn Coates from the CAV newsletter 54 go to page 72, bottom Correspondence con’t: Cornish Embassy for London Announced Whilst I know this is not a group that most of you will be joining, I am passing on the information to let you all The new embassy would promote know that once again we will have a Cornish group pres- Cornwall's beauty and business potential. ence here in Bendigo. It will be affiliated with the Cor- nish Association of Victoria and titled “Cornish in Ben- Plans to create a Cornish Embassy in London digo”, open to any members of that association with an have been announced. The Cornwall Develop- interest in Bendigo and Cornish history or heritage in ment Company said it was looking for an office Bendigo. Overseas and interstate folk can still follow site on behalf of the Local Enterprise Partner- the Bendigo group through the webpage: or if you are on ship (LEP). facebook, you can access the Cornish in Bendigo page. . The embassy would showcase the county's as- After almost two years since the Bendigo Cornish Asso- sets and strengths. The Cornwall Development ciation was wound up, we are pleased to announce that a Company said the building would also act as a new group has been proposed and accepted by the Cor- base for meetings with business leaders to try nish Association of Victoria as a “Special Interest and attract investment to the county. Group” of the CAV. There is no additional membership cost to be member of this special interest group. Roland Tiplady, from the LEP, said: "If we want to expand the influence of Cornwall we have This is a starting point and an attempt to once again have got to be in London and showing people in Lon- a Bendigo presence so that we are in a position to con- don this is a good place to do business. tinue the good work that the previous association start- ed. "Companies that come to England always go to London first. Unless we have a presence there, Aims of the group are to: they will never consider us." -promote Cornish history and heritage in Bendigo -assist the CAV in the conduct of any Festivals or spe- Local companies, including Brewery, cial events in Bendigo are supporting the plan for an embassy. James -meet socially during the year for fellowship Staughton, the director of the brewery, said: "As -continue the Cornish in Bendigo facebook page for reg- an ex-Londoner I have always harboured an ular group updates and information about Cornish events ambition that Cornwall has an embassy in Lon- and activities don where we can showcase all the wonderful -assist CAV members with basic research for Bendigo parts of Cornwall." The LEP and the Cornwall family history enquiries Development company are currently investigat- -continue to document and research Cornish connections ing the costs of setting up an embassy in the in Bendigo capital. -maintain strong ties with Cornwall

All enquires and expressions of interest regarding the group should be sent to the Secretary of the Cornish As- sociation of Victoria: [email protected]

Regards,

Robert & Leanne Lloyd (Convenors)

55 Kernewek Lowender 2013 ‘Meet the Cornish’ continues to be one of the fastest-selling events. Catering for the pasty tea was well organised and appreciated, and

From the CASA winter newsletter the concert proved to be of high standard and enjoyable. In addition

to our Association Choir, we were treated to solo items from soprano 2013 was the 40th anniversary of the first Kernewek Low- Catherine Hancock and cellist Jenny Cowley, and entertained by ender, and the contribution of the first organising committee ‘The Three Jannas’ – Terry Johnson, Ralph Thomas, and Hartley was being acknowledged at various events during the festi- May. val. Ros Paterson is the only member of that committee still The this year was held over 2 days, with the children serving. dancing in Moonta on Friday, and the adults in Kadina on Saturday. Visitors to the Lowender included Maureen Fuller, the (Footage of the Kadina dance is featured on YouTube!) See page 63 Grand Bard of the Gorsedh of Cornwall; Jim Wearne, Cor- of newsletter nish-American folk singer from Chicago, and Marion Ste- The Bardic ceremony in Wallaroo is also an event attracting an phens-Cockroft, President of the Toronto Cornish Associa- increasing number of spectators. This year the ceremony was led by tion, in addition to the many representatives of other Cor- the Grand Bard, Maureen Fuller, and included visiting bards Philip nish Associations around Australia. Chris and Joy Payton (from Cornwall) and Jim Wearne (from Chicago). Dunkerley, from Sydney, were delighted to have all their family with them, including their granddaughter at her first The Grand Bard with Kernewek Lowender. the five Australian The changes to the programme (which were forced by the recipients of the Paul lack of finances after the 2011 Lowender) proved to be very Smales Award – from successful, and 2013 saw much more community involve- left: Tom Luke, Ros ment and support, and a healthy financial balance. Congrat- Paterson, Maureen ulations and thanks to the Kernewek Lowender Committee Fuller, Lilian James, on this achievement. President Paul Thomas has indicated Julie Wheeler, Chris that he will not seek re-nomination as President at the KL Dunkerley AGM later this year; he richly deserves our thanks for a job well done. Dressing the Graves continues to grow in popularity, and A ‘wind-down’ dinner at the Wallaroo Community Sporting Club on there is a proposal to have an additional ceremony at the Sunday evening proved a good opportunity to relax, share thanks for Greens Plains cemetery on the Tuesday in 2015. Thanks work done during the week, and wish our Cornish cousins from in- are due to the organising committee for this event, for their terstate safe travel home. (Sadly, Hartley & Daisy May were in- work over the past two years to ensure the smooth running volved in an accident on the way home, involving some hospital at each of the three cemeteries on the day. This committee treatment.) comprises Ros Paterson, Carlene Woolcock and Noel President Carlene Woolcock hosted a morning tea at her home on Carthew, from the Cornish Association, and representatives the following Thursday. Unfortunately, the Grand Bard needed to from each of the towns of Kadina, Wallaroo and Moonta, return home (for the Gorsedh Annual General Meeting) so was una- and also the RSL. ble to be at our morning tea, but Jim Wearne and Dee Cleary (also The Seminar on Thursday was acclaimed as ‘the best yet’, visiting from Cornwall) were able to be with us. Carlene’s hospitality and thanks are due to Jan Lokan for once again doing a was appreciated - despite the fact that only one member apart from superb job as Seminar Coordinator, and to Margaret John- the Committee was there! Thanks must be expressed to all those son as facilitator on the day. Also thanks to all the speakers who offered hospitality to our visitors during this time. Jim Wearne on the day; the variety of themes coming from the topic of was quite amused, after 2 weeks of talking about the beautiful “Cornish life beyond the mines” was much appreciated by weather, to discover that the rain started just as his plane left for those attending. The catering arrangements were also ap- home, and didn’t stop for two days! preciated. A copy of the papers is in our Library.

Jim felt quite proud of his Cornish (non-English) Seminar heritage, with the discov- Spealers ery that the ‘English’ vil- lage at Burra is the only one now in ruins

56 Rare Cornish Black Honeybee It now seems that those larger hairs are also good at Found to preventing the mites clinging onto each bee, making it harder for them to get infected with the deformed Resist Colony Collapse Virus wing virus. Source: 10 JUNE 13 by IAN STEADMAN Wired.co.uk The zoo hopes to encourage beekeepers to take on

the breed, with the advantage that, at the very The Cornish Black Honeybee (Apis mellifera least, an increase in biodiversity will hopefully make mellifera), once believed to be extinct but still one single colony collapse factor less devastating if it extremely rare, could be key to saving threatened does strike. worldwide bee populations from colony collapse From the Cornish Assoc. of New South Wales newsletter disorder. ______According to the BBC, research from Paignton Zoo has shown the black bee is better at fighting off var- Piran’s Oratory to Reappear roa mites. They carry the de- formed wing virus, which has been implicated in the deaths of bees Long-awaited work to uncover St Piran’s Oratory around the world. from the sand dunes at Perranporth will hopefully Colony collapse disorder is a term that applies to a start this Autumn. The Oratory – believed to be the range of unknown factors that has led to the wide- oldest fourwalled Christian edifice on mainland Britain – is a scheduled ancient monument and listed build- spread decline of honeybee populations around the ing, and was built by the Cornish saint, St Piran, in the world. It is likely to be a mix of many different issues fifth or sixth centuries, according to tradition. Now – coming together to kill millions of bees every year, after a 10-year campaign – the St Piran Trust has threatening the human food supply chain. Colony awarded a contract to ’s Historic En- collapse disorder is thought to be exacerbated by vironment Service to start exploratory works, hopefully the limited range of bees that are bred by beekeep- leading to the full excavation, preservation and inter- pretation of this historic site. The Trust launched the ers. campaign to excavate the Oratory after it was buried Black honeybees like under sand dunes for its own protection in 1980, on the Cornish variety Department of the Environment advice. were thought to Since then, expert opinion has shifted and it is now have been driven to believed its burial has endangered the edifice, result- extinction by a virus ing in English Heritage’s decision to place it “at risk” in more than 100 years 2011. Trust founder Eileen Carter said, “I established the St ago, with beekeep- Piran Trust in 2000 as I wanted people to be able to ers having since re- see and learn about the Oratory. It has taken over 10 lied upon southern years of careful, and at times frustrating, negotiation European varieties. with a range of statutory bodies to reach the point However, new populations were discovered on the where uncovering the Oratory might be possible fringes of the British Isles in 2012 by the Bee Im- provement and Bee Breeders' Association, which has run a conservation program dedicated to the black bees since 1997. Fewer than one percent of British bees are native black bees, however. with larger bodies and thicker hair, the black bees are believed to be better able to survive longer and colder winters -- something that has become more of an issue with climate change causing irregularities in the British climate. A third of US honeybees were killed last winter, too, so winter hardiness is of ma- jor importance.

57 St. Piran’s con’t: The trust will also create a number of initiatives to I am delighted that we are now making such signifi- encourage local people to get involved – including cant progress”. a community excavation of the wider cemetery site; In 2010, the Heritage Lottery Fund (HLF) awarded a exhibitions; and activities with local schools. For more grant to the St Piran Trust and the site owners, Per- information about the St Piran Trust – and the saint ranzabuloe Parish Council, to conduct a feasibility himself – visit www.st-piran.com Used from the CANSW newsletter study for uncovering the Oratory. This revealed it ______was necessary to excavate the building, in order to gauge accurate conservation costs. After securing further financial support from English Heritage and generous private donations, the Trust is now able to start work. Trustee Ian Saltern said, “Following a competitive tendering process, the St Piran Trust selected Corn- wall Council’s Historic Environment Service to begin the process of excavation and conservation of the Oratory. More negotiation and planning must take place before a spade can be put in the ground, but with luck, we hope to commence excavation in Oc- tober or November of this year”

Cornwall Council archaeologist James Gossip said, “Historic Environment (Projects) is delighted The historian Peter Hunter-Blair expounded what is to have been commissioned by St Piran Trust to now regarded as the traditional view of the Anglo- undertake this exciting project. The first stage of the Saxon arrival in Britain. He suggested a mass immigra- excavation will focus on revealing the medieval tion, fighting and driving the Sub-Roman Britons off structure of the Oratory and establishing its condi- their land and into the western extremities of the is- tion. We will then be able to make informed deci- lands, and into the Breton and Iberian peninsulas. The sions on how the site should be best preserved. “I look forward to working alongside the Trust and modern view is of co-existence between the British and hope soon to be able to secure the necessary the Anglo-Saxons. permissions for working on the site, which as well ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ as being an iconic historic monument is situated In a first for NYC, we are organizing a class for beginners to in a highly ecologically sensitive area of the learn the basics of . We have been pleasant- dunes.” ly surprised by the strong interest our classes have generat- Once excavation has been completed, remedial ed with around 15-20 students per class. The students are conservation will be carried out. The Oratory will composed 50% Americans, 50% of persons of Breton origin then be covered and fenced off whilst the St Piran living currently in NYC. They are eager for their Celtic Cor- Trust submits a ‘second stage’ application to the nish cousins to join them. HLF, in November, with a decision expected in http://www.bzh-ny.org/ Facebook March 2014. Conservation work should be completed by 2015, For more information: followed by careful consideration of how to protect http://elalliance.org/projects/celtic-languages/ the Oratory in future years. From the Cornish Crier newsletter 58 Adventures in Technology: genealogy. I've been an Apple convert for about four years now, so Tablets for Genealogy I am partial to the iPad for it's simplicity and stability. Some of the other tablets like the Samsung Galaxy run the same apps on the Lesley Gilliland Harkai Android platform with excellent reviews. Shop around and test out We used an Apple iPad to expedite the process of several models to find one that works well for you. indexing DRGS' newly acquired newspaper collection. By pho- Downriver Genealogical Society newsletter (Michigan USA) ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ tographing the spines on the volumes, we were able to move quickly through each pallet and capture views of the contents. 'Medieval knight' unearthed Sarah Lange meticulously keyed in that information into a In car park dig spreadsheet. Our small team went through forty-three pallets in about five hours! Imagine the time it would have taken if we had had to handwrite the inventory! Many people have since stopped to ask me about my tablet. Relatively new to tablets, I had been lugging my Mac- Book and using my iPod touch as a camera interface. I even had purchased a Flip-Pal scanner. Those items worked well! Stricter measures are now being enforced in various reposito- ries and the items you can keep with you gets smaller. I visited the state archives of North Carolina and Geor- gia last November. I decided to try out my tablet. I added a The grave stone is marked with a cross and ornate sword - signify- few apps that came recommended: Evernote, Research Log- ing a knight or nobleman. The remains of a medieval knight or no- ger, iAnnotate PDF, Dropbox and Ancestry. bleman found underneath a car park are to be moved to make way I just took my iPad in with me. I had set-up my re- for a university building. The grave and evidence of a 13th Century search plan in Research Logger before I left so I was able to monastery were uncovered when archaeologists were called to an start right away. I was surprised that the North Carolina Archive Edinburgh Old Town building site. An elaborate sandstone slab, now offers free wi-fi service. The first document I requested with carvings of a Calvary Cross and ornate sword, marked the was a Probate from 1795. The handwritten original was four grave. pages, discolored and fragile! I opened Evernote, went to the "This find has the potential to be one of the most significant and notebook for this surname and took a picture of each page. exciting archaeological discoveries in the city for many years, There is a note section attached to the picture. providing us with yet more clues as to what life was like in Medieval I entered my source citation and added a picture of the Edinburgh," said Richard Lewis Edinburgh Council culture conven- call slip. We found the little Presbyterian church yard in rural er . Charlotte. The sexton came out of the church and helped me The car park was cleared to build a new Edinburgh Centre for Car- find a grave from 1790. Again, I opened Evernote, snapped a bon Innovation. As part of low carbon measures for the University of photo of the tombstone and added my citation. Edinburgh scheme, work was being carried out in the former car In the Georgia Archive, I was attended by Steven park to create a rainwater harvesting tank for the new building. Engerrand, Assistant Director (This repository is one of the nic- It was already known the area had been the site of the 18th Century est! I have been told that it was the governor’s wife that pre- Old High School, the 16th Century Royal High School and the 13th vented it from closing). Mr. Engerrand brought my documents Century Blackfriars Monastery. up, but also these strange foam blocks in an assortment of Along with the knight or nobleman's grave and skeleton, the exca- shapes. When I asked him about them, he told me they were vation has revealed the exact location of the monastery, which was to position my documents so I could get a better photo! How founded in 1230 by Alexander II (King of Scotland 1214-49) and clever! Apparently, he sees a lot of people using tablets in the destroyed during the Protestant Reformation in 1558. Richard Lew- archives. is, the City of Edinburgh council culture convener, said it was hoped When I got home, my iPad synced itself wirelessly more would be found out about the remains, but the grave had al- onto my wi-fi home network. All my photos and research notes ready been dated to the 13th Century. were ready and waiting for me on my computer! The project's archaeological services have been provided by Edin- In addition to researching, I upload via email journals burgh-based Headland Archaeology. The archaeologist who found like NGSQ or Family Tree Magazine as PDF's into the Kindle app for reading. I use the Goodreads app to categorize and the grave, Ross Murray, had studied at the University of Edinburgh review new genealogical book titles. I have a digital copy of on a site only yards from where the find was made. Evidence Explained that I have bookmarked, highlighted and Mr Murray said: "We obviously knew the history of the High School scribbled all over. There are many apps available that can help Yards site while we were studying here but I never imagined I would to organize and enhance your journey as a genealogical re- be back here to make such an incredible discovery." searcher. I would highly recommend using a tablet for your www.bbc.co.uk/news/ 13 March 2013

59 Modern Cornish Cross at Saltash

After three years in the planning, a giant 20 metre high Celtic-style cross has been erected in Saltash near the bridges crossing the Tamar River into Cornwall from neighbouring Devon. Saltash, once a bustling town on the main road south, was by- passed by a new road layout many years ago. The new cross is one way for the town to re-invent and re-invigorate itself. With the development of the nearby run-down El- well Woods, it is hoped the cross will attract as many as 50,000 people a year to stop in the town and generate millions of pounds for the local economy. That is a very tall task (excuse the pun!).

Designed by Simon Thomas of and built using £450,000 of British lottery fund- ing, the cross uses very modern materials but tries to evoke aspects of Cornish herit- age. The internal spars are made of carbon fibre and fibreglass. Attached to the out- side are over 6,000 individual geometric resin panels impregnated with copper and then sand-blasted to reveal the bluegreen copper colour. The head contains samples of gold and silver—other metals mined in Cornwall.

The cost of the sculpture has generated a lot of public debate and controversy as works of art often do. Saltash Town Council also contributed £50,000 with many locals questioning how much benefit could have been gained if the money had been spent on supporting poorer members of the community. However the cross provided jobs for ten people in where it was built by Gateguards who specialise in making full size replica aircraft for museums, the film industry and, as the name suggests, mark- ing entrances.

The overall effect is strongly reminiscent of the granite Celtic crosses found all over Cornwall. So the cross combines references to ancient history, industrial history and modern technology. The archetypal stone has the wheel-shaped head adopted in the Saltash cross. Examples can be dated back to the 12th cen- tury or earlier. More recent examples, known as Latin type crosses have the Christian crucifix style head. In the 15th and 16th centuries cross construction became more complex with the development of lantern style heads that ceased to be strict “crosses”.

There are over 400 intact crosses throughout Cornwall. They were used to mark boundaries, especially par- ish boundaries or sacred sites such as burial grounds. Often they were wayside markers guiding people to churches or pilgrims to holy sites. From the New Zealand Cornish Association newsletter

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Jenny the Heifer

In early June we took our place in the Heritage and Conservation Pavilion at Royal Cornwall Show with a stand focusing on fantastic agricultural images from our archives. Our most popular, of Jenny the Heifer (pictured), attracted lots of attention.

Jenny was the object of a dispute between two farmers which was resolved by their cow men calling her name and her coming to ‘embrace’ one of them, who thus won the dispute. A contemporary headline read “Heifer Gives Evidence”! We spoke to nearly 300 people over the three days, as well as getting out to enjoy the glorious sunshine a little bit ourselves.

From the Archives and Cornish Studies Service newsletter 60

A short list of cleaning techniques based on stone type http://www.gravestonepreservation.info/articles/cleaning-gravestones-monuments-stone-sculptures

Listed in order from the safest, or least aggressive, to the most aggressive:

Slate: Clean water, non-ionic detergent, biocide solution

Sandstone: Clean water, non-ionic detergent, biocide solution

Marble/ Limestone: Clean water, non-ionic detergent, biocide solution, ammonia and water solution, Calcium hypo-chloride solution

Granite: Clean water, non-ionic detergent, biocide solution.

Modern Polished Granite: Clean water, non-ionic solution, biocide solution, Acid based granite cleaning so- lution, include with links. It is most common in a dry crystal form and is mixed with water to form a solution. Its strength may be varied based on the amount of crystals added. Please be very careful, as eye protection and rubber gloves should be worn. Also it may kill grass or plantings in the area around the stone being cleaned.

Unpolished Modern Granite: The same as polished. Additionally plain old fashioned cleanser may be doing the best job of all. Comet or common dry cleanser without the extra cleaning crystals works wonders when cleaning unpolished modern granite monuments. Do not use cleanser on polished granite as it may scratch the finished surface of the stone.

Francis Tash, one of the most experienced monument installers in America, who performs installation for Rock of Ages recommended cleanser for use on unpolished granites to me many years ago.

A poultice may be used safely on nearly any stone surface, so I have omitted it from the index above.

REMINDER

Message from Grand Bard

The message Grand Bard [2009-2012] Mick Paynter, Skogynn Pryv, prepared on a DVD for us to share at the Gathering of Cornish Cousins in Mineral Point in August 2011 is available for local/regional societies to borrow. The DVD is approximately twenty minutes in length and could be used as part of a society’s program about the Cornish . If you wish to borrow the DVD for a period of up to six (6) weeks, or have questions concerning it, please contact Dick Baker at 1520 Coventry Ct, Reeds- burg, WI 53959; [e-mail] [email protected]; [telephone] (608) 534-1490.

61 Items of Interest

The Cornwall Guide is now available on the Apple Newsstand for both the iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch.

The magazine is available as a free subscription straight from the Appstore.

Get the most recent issue which is a "Video Postcard Issue" featuring many videos from the Cornwall Tourist Board featuring all your places from around Cornwall.

Download earlier Issues to read. Search the accommodation listings all from your iPad, iPhone or iPod Touch.

See the details here: http://appstore.com/cornwallguide

Gordon Burns Publisher The Cornwall Guide http://digital.silverquick.net/cornwallguide.php

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Kernewek Lowender Launch of

“That Boy, Jack”

We've had a huge, wonderful, launch with music from a group called The Celtic Daughters and later, traditional songs from the Adelaide Cornish choir. In between were talks, presentations, food, wine and then a Cornish after- noon tea with pasties, scones with jam and cream and tea and coffee. For over 150 people! Sales of the book were also very high.

______

Internet Genealogy Magazine

Select the option for the online edition if you'd like to receive the PDF version of the magazine. The online edition is available in a one year subscription version only. You must have Adobe Acrobat or Acrobat Reader version 5.0 (minimum) installed to view the file. Save money with the online version ($19.95 vs $32.95)

http://www.internet-genealogy.com/IG_subs.htm

62 Items con’t: The Land's End? The Great Sale of Cornwall By Bernard Deacon

This book does three things. First, it outlines how Cornwall’s planners and local elites put the interests of future second home owners and immigrants before those of current residents. The economic failure of this policy is outlined and the environmental conse- quences of growth identified. The book then moves on to discuss the cultural impact of policies that are marginalising the and threatening to destroy aspects of Cornishness.

Second, it pursues the question of why a failed, unsustainable and damaging population-led policy is still being adopted. It finds that some interests gain financially, others swallow a simple ideology of growth, while in addition cen- tral government and an over-reliance on tourism help lock us into a spiral of unsustainability.

Finally, it reveals the democratic deficit that exists in Cornwall, before explor- ing some potential strategies that could replace a developer-led agenda with democratically-led policies that put Cornwall and its people first.

This book is paperback and sells for $16.55 and can be found at lulu.com ______

YouTube Kernewek Lowender 2013

http://youtu.be/8KAyRjGfhfA - Parade - Cornish Groups

http://youtu.be/tOZsBLsIkIY - Bardic Ceremony

http://youtu.be/uDEfud0rHGw - Furry Dance at Kadina

http://youtu.be/17xUK3YF_zU - Children’s Furry dance Moonta

http://youtu.be/fp-30eGr_VA - Moonta Dressing Graves Robyn Coates CAV newsletter ______

Call Me Dreckly and Help for India

A number one smash hit single that has been given the Cornish treatment thanks to two girls has now notched up over 100,000 views since it was released on YouTube.com. The song, titled Call Me Dreckly, is a remake of the number one single Call Me Maybe by Carly Rae Jepsen and replaces lyrics with popular Cornish phrases heard every day in the Duchy. Shaunna Rose Rule recorded Call Me Dreckly with her friend Jodie Morris. Shaunna needs help supporting an Indian community devastated by poverty. Now the 22-year-old is looking to volunteer her time in India to help build homes for those who need them most. She will join a team of young people as they travel to India building homes, toilets, cattle sheds and more to fight poverty in the area. It is organised by volunteering group Inter- national Citizen Service (ICS). She said: "If anyone can help out, it's for a worthwhile cause and will help give someone a home." Shaunna plans to spend six months in India, jetting out at the end of September. She needs to raise £800 to fund her trip and will be holding fundraising events to boost cash. Visit www.justgiving.com/shaunna-Rule to sponsor her.

63

When the great traditions of Cornwall which is surrounded by the waters of the Channel and the Atlantic meet those of Milwaukee on the beautiful wa- ters of Lake Michigan, exciting things are going to happen. To be held at the lovely Zelazo Center on the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee cam- pus, our Gathering promises the opportunity for every Cousin Jack and Jenny to come together.

Time for appreciation, study, and stories of Cornish culture, poetry, music, genealogy, language, folklore, and other subjects will be featured at the 4- day event. Speakers will come from many parts of the world to share their expertise with us.

August 13 - 17, 2014 Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Writing Family History Stories, more ideas - an interactive talk!

By Ann Crichton-Harris

First sentences: If you can’t be bothered to read past the first paragraph you might be forgiven for thinking the rest of the story is a big bore! Christmas present of How to Write a Sentence… got me thinking. The first sentence has to lean towards something, has to get the reader thinking…so what happens next? Using the ideas from Stanley Fish’s book, here are a couple of examples of exercises I tried while recently on a plane with nothing else to do: Change: My grandfather Joe Trevithick was born in in 1870… To: The year 1870 was remembered as one for poor harvests. The night of Joe’s birth was remembered as the worst storm in memory and the village crone predicted a tragedy in store for the baby. There was, but it would take 20 years to occur/explode/come true and by this time… [You can almost surely find weather for these years in newspaper archives, Similarly newspapers will have family scandals.] AND Change: My grandparents, Loveday Pascoe and George Trethewey were married in Truro Cathedral in 1900. To: A grand wedding in Truro Cathedral, an elegant couple photographed in Victorian finery and blessed with their parents’ approval, suggests a rosy and secure future, but George, on the 1911 Census, is nowhere to be found. What follows is my search for George through emigration lists, the army, the death registers and more …marching down the years to discover his secret... Change: John and Joan Rodda left Falmouth for North America in 1850. To: The mines were failing, the harvests were failing, the pilchards swam away and who knew where,

64 and John and Joan perhaps at the toss of a coin, bid Harvest, closely tied to weather…farming customs, a heart-wrenching farewell to their parents and were superstitions? carried to a new life in the New World. The year was Mining, there is a wealth of information of the mining 1850, the month, April, we remember T.S. Eliot- industry. How far did the men and women have to wrote: “April is the cruelest month, breeding lilacs walk to work in a mine, or anywhere else for that mat- out of the dead land, mixing memory and desire…” ter? John Tyacke is our mining expert, Bob Radcliffe And one more… is also very knowledgeable Change: Grannie Tandy was born in Birmingham in Towns and villages, get maps for every decade pos- 1880, daughter of a school master etc. sible, the Ref. library is a good place to start, but To: I used to get the back spare room when I visited online sites have maps too. Can you trace what path my Midlands grandmother. Lying in that big bed I your family took to church, school, the shore, to the became transfixed by the print on the wall opposite mine, to visit an aunt? If you find one visiting some- of a little girl, in a pretty dress and bonnet, standing one in another village, can you trace by what route he in a field of daisies. Underneath were the words: “Be or she got there? good sweet maid and let who will be clever.” The Tithes and Livings: who paid what to whom? What words seem fatuous to any female now although if was the local vicar’s living worth in terms of what it one knew the next line, (the poem’s by Charles cost him to live? Did he have a free house? How Kinsgley he of Water Babies fame) it might not seem many servants did he and his wife have running the too silly. The second line reads “do noble things, not operation? dream them, all day long..” Had I realized this at the School and school reports: I understand there are time I would have seen that this first line at any rate more and more school Log Books available. So how fitted Nana Tandy, Margaret Tandy née Lloyd b. in well did these ancestors do in school? How long did 1880. When she insisted of dropping out of Art they stay in school. Who were their teachers? What school, her mother said “Well, you are a good girl training did a teacher have at that time? What were Margaret so you can stay home and help me in the they paid? house.” So Margaret married and became a perfect Trades: My grandmother’s ‘Monk’s Bench’ (this sits in housewife and needlewoman, her darning alone was our dining room but with the back pulled over to make worthy of framing. Perfection in the arts of home a sideboard), was carved by her. That is to say the economics cannot guarantee a life of ‘roses.’ There panels were carved by her. She (b. 1876) lived in was plenty of sadness and a few secrets, the latter Falmouth from the age of 7 until she left for India and uncovered by her nosey granddaughter. [this last marriage to a Cornish (IMS) doctor, in 1905 aged 29. story is true, the others I made up!] This indicates that for at least eleven or twelve years And, what about writing a paragraph featuring those after leaving school she had nothing to do. She took left behind? If you know how and where the family up wood carving panels so, somewhere nearby there left, or even the village, you can describe the fare- must have been a cabinetmaker/woodcarver with pat- well scene or an approximation of it: “Surely it was terns to choose from, and the willingness or enterprise worse for the elderly left behind—watching the ship to take on a student or students, and then to incorpo- sail to become a dot on the horizon, or the cart piled rate these panels into furniture. Who was this? A with luggage bumping down the lane and turning the search of the Falmouth 1891 Census should throw corner for the last time. Then the old couple trudged something up. Might there be other female woodcarv- home to cook their supper, eating sadly by the em- ing students too? I think this story angle worth pursu- bers of the inglenook… they were unlikely ever to ing and I intend to. see their children again.” Contrast with our Skyping One friend of mine, who had no previous experience lives! of writing family history, just plunged in at the deep Next, I suggest taking a subject pertinent to the fam- end. He had given no thought to how others might ily you are interested in and moving off from there. have approached this. He had an idea and he did it. For instance: A family that made their living from the He published privately: It’s called: Discovering the sea: research the ship, its cargo, costs at the time, Family of Miles Malleson. 2012. My friend Andrew fish marketing situation… had a very famous and interesting father—the charac- Weather, what was going on in Cornwall then. We ter actor Miles Malleson. Miles had three wives and remember the Boscastle flood, were there similar other ‘friends’ along the way. In consequence of his disasters in your family’s lives? How were they af- personality and lifestyle he had several families and fected, how were their landlords affected? How was Andrew was fortunate that his father’s various part- the local geography changed by disaster? ners came from interesting stock.

65 Stories con’t: And how about Wood’s The Story of Eng- land? BBC. There is a book to go with the series. I You and I may not be so lucky, however I want to think the series is the best thing I’ve ever seen. He show you the way the book was put together and takes one village, well actually three that were ham- how the visual impact draws you in. lets, in the middle of the country and with the help of First Andrew kicks off by explaining how he got in- the locals and, I might add, some very well educated volved and how he began the search. Andrew has a specialists and their archives, can trace unbelievable conversational style, and speaks frankly about him- stories, names and all. For a mad moment I thought self and his childhood. You will note the print is of a hamlet where some of my family came from and LARGE, the names in bold and the paper good thought: “I could do that” then immediately said: quality. Given the book is large in size the text is in “get a grip Ann, you have several projects promised two columns for easier reading. already, you cannot leap into another, yet!” But I am Best of all there are pictures: paintings, photo- thinking, I am so inspired. graphs—photos of buildings, churches, cottages, Names on Trees are a good start, the stories, the so- then people doing interesting things, then cartoons, cial history, is what makes it all real and exciting. I letters, wills, coins, ships, teapots, playbills, grave- hope you are inspired. stones and, of course at the end, a few family charts. It is the interspersing of so many odd and interesting Used with permission from Ann from the Toronto Cor- pictures that makes one want to turn the page and nish Society newsletter see ‘what next?’ Something else that might give an idea worth con- sidering: the impact of fate/chance/coincidence in our lives and the lives of our ancestors. Is someone more lucky than another or is this an instance where someone has taken a chance and made his or her good luck/fortune? I have always thought it necessary to learn about the wonderful coincidences in life by talking to anyone and everyone. Sitting in a corner like Little Jack Horner and sucking ones thumb means you never learn anything. Almost everyone has something to offer and a friendly smile and ‘hello’ can start a con- versation. Lastly, I want to draw your attention to a few books I find fascinating and useful. First: two books written about people of whose lives there is very little factually known. Yet, each author wrote an entire book, a biography of: First, Shake- speare at the time he lodged in London and the oth- er of Ann Hathaway, his enigmatic wife. Further reading: If Cornwall is to be successful in times to How to Write a Sentence and How to Read One. come, and if Cornwall and its people are to by Stanley Fish. Pub. Harper 2011 keep their Cornishness, it will need all the Chronicle of Britain. Ed. Henrietta Heald. Pub. Chronicle Communications. 1992. optimism, confidence, determination and Shakespeare’s Wife by Germaine Greer, Blooms- skill that you – our next generation – can bury. 2007 muster. You will all come to carry an im- The Lodger on Silver Street by Charles Nicholl. portant responsibility for preserving the Viking. 2008 [Both these last two books are masterful examples Cornish way of looking at life, the Cornish of how to write about a person for whom almost language and dialect, the Cornish culture nothing is known. Yet his and her life (in this case and identity, and the very appearance of Shakespeare in London and his wife, Ann Hathaway Cornwall. in Warwickshire) have their lives detailed and ex- posed and done so well, it would be hard to cavil at HRH the Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall, this. All I could do was applaud and enjoy.] in Cornwall For Ever! Kernow Bys Vyken! 2000

66 Thousands of Bodies Under With the "weak concrete slab" laid by the Victorians removed, con- tractors are now clearing wheel barrow loads of earth ready to Bath Abbey Threaten its Stability "drill down" to the fairly stable Norman cathedral floor on the hunt for more voids. "We're going through the earth where there are For more than 300 years, thousands of people have been buried burials but we're not going anywhere near any intact burials but just below the stone flooring of Bath Abbey. It is estimated that obviously we up to 6,000 bodies have been "jammed in" to shallow graves are finding under the church's grave ledger stones. Now as the floor of the human re- 500-year-old building begins to lift and collapse, the abbey has mains," said discovered "huge great voids everywhere" beneath its flooring. Mr Curnook. "It's where previous burials and graves have settled down and Once the left voids," said Charles Curnook, from the abbey. "We were voids have quite surprised the floor hadn't collapsed already on us." been filled the Bath Abbey, human re- which dates mains will be back to 1499, reinterred "And wherever there are voids found we'll be pouring sits on the grouting into them to fill the floor up to stabilise it. "We'll then bring remains of a the same earth back in again and any human remains we've found massive Nor- we'll carefully reinter those bones and say a prayer over them." man cathe- So far more than 10 cardboard boxes of human remains have dral. Three been carefully put to one side, ready to be returned along with bits different of coffin handles, inscribed plaques and lead-coffin lining. But, churches have according to Kim Watkins, the archaeological consultant on the occupied the project, it is only disturbed graves that they are uncovering, with site and since mainly adult bones dating from the early 1800s. "The conditions the early 1500s, thousands of people have been buried under here aren't good for the preservation of anything but there's no the building. "There were burials here all the way through to jewellery or coins unless they removed them in the 19th Century," about 1840," said Mr Curnook. "But at that point the place was she said. "But it's the extent of the disturbance by the Victorians full and they opened the Victorian cemetery at Ralph Allen Drive that more than anything has surprised me and unfortunately it's and stopped burying people here. more the destruction that's a surprise than what has actually sur- "I've had lots of estimates of how many bodies are buried here, vived." but somewhere between 4,000 and 6,000, but they just jammed BBC Somerset online news 15 August 2013 them in and jammed them in - it would have been very unpleas- ant to put it mildly." But it was not until trial digs at the beginning of 2011 and 2012 that the effect the bodies were having on the long-term stability of the building was discovered. "We were looking for the foundation walls of the Norman cathe- dral on which we could lay a new floor," said Mr. Curnook. "But we didn't find any - what we found instead were huge great voids underground in every place. "And when we went in under- neath one of the medieval pillars there was fresh air underneath it, at which point we stopped work." The honeycomb of huge voids, created by burials shifting and decaying, was a problem the Victorians had also discovered more than 100 years earlier. But under Sir George Gilbert Scott, who from 1864 to 1874 com- pletely transformed the inside of the abbey, it was a problem that had been tackled in the "most shocking" way, according to Mr Curnook. "They basically churned up the graves that were there and broke them up to try and consolidate the floor," he said. "They were very much more robust than we are - the burials had not been in the ground for more than 30 or 40 years." Now a century and a half later the abbey is again lifting every bit of furniture in the place as well as its huge grave ledger stones in an effort to stabilise the ground underneath. And, as part of its ambitious Courtesy of Kentucky Genealogical Society, USA £18m Footprint project, it is also planning to install new under- floor heating which taps into the city's hot springs. 67 DEREK COAD CORNISH COASTAL PATH FINALE “Journey’s end. Don’t focus on life’s destinations, you won’t enjoy the journey. 26 walks, 311 miles. Now what?” Derek Coad, 2 March 2013

Well, they made it. What a remarkable accomplishment! In rain and mizzle, sun and wind, around landslips and through quagmires these intrepid Cornish- men have completed their goal of walking the entire Cornish portion of the South West Coastal Path. It was a two-year commitment of approximately one weekend a month, walking an average of 12 miles per segment.

Their journey began in the small coastal village of Cremyll on the Rame Penin- sula, just across the Tamar from Devonport. Cremyll is home to the ferry that takes pedestrians and cyclists across the river, a passage that has been in use since the 7th century and was long the main route into southern Cornwall.

I asked Derek what his favorite bits had been now that they were through and the following came to his mind, but in no par- ticular order, he added. The section from to Polruan stood out for its “stunning south coast scenery” and remote- ness. He noted that “a twisted ankle or worse along most of that stretch and a chopper would be the best option to get home!” He and his walking buddy, Roger Trudgeon, covered the area around Land’s End in the middle of winter of 2010—11 and were struck by the “sheer ruggedness of the cliffs”. Those walks took them by many an old engine house and as both men are interested in Cornish and Industrial history, the area was vastly appealing. “Walking the same footpath as those miners did centuries ago, before they descended hundreds of fathoms to work, set my mind on overtime for days. Looking down at the remains of Botallack Mine I pondered for days about just how they built something like that in such a place.”

One notable high spot was Land’s End itself, both a psychological as well as physical half way point. Another favorite was the stretch along Porthcothan Bay, between and Newquay, called the Seven Bays Walk, covering “some of the finest beaches in Kernow and alive with childhood memories.” The Seven Bays of St Merryn are (from west to east) Porthcothan Bay, Treyarnon Bay, Constantine Bay, Booby's Bay, Mother Ivey's Bay, Harlyn Bay and Trevone Bay. When I asked if there had been any low points, Derek quipped ” Not really, except maybe finding Ann Muller’s pasty shop closed when we got to the Lizard!”

Derek gives Roger high marks as both great company and as a master story- teller, keeping them entertained because “He knows 100's of funny stories and never told the same one twice.”

The final portion of the Path was completed on the 2nd of March 2013, when Derek and Roger walked north from , passing Robert Stephen Hawker’s famous Hawker’s Hut and crossed the bridge at Marsland Mouth to reach the Kernow/Anglo border. They paused for a while to fly the Cornish flag, enjoy the moment and take some photos. And in answer to Derek’s question, “Now what?” They have plans for some walks this summer on the Saint’s Walk and the Camel Trail and come next summer, they are planning to start the entire Coast Path again in the opposite di- rection!

Courtesy of Kitty Quayle of the California Cornish Cousins 68

Members’ Interest Page

By Jim Thomas [email protected]

This is Members’ Interest Page No 19, where we try and connect members who may not know that they are researching the same surnames. I have been doing this page off and on for the past five years and I am hop- ing you are getting some benefit from it. I am currently re-running names that have been in previous pages because many of the names in my database appear only once or twice. I am running names with at least four or five people interested. If you have a name you are researching and haven’t seen it on this page, let me know and I will see if anyone else lists that name also. Keep me posted on how you are doing.

Rowe

Dorothy Beckwith [email protected] Lerona Bowlin [email protected] Michael & Greta Erm [email protected] Philip Furze [email protected] Beverly & Robert Hailer [email protected] Kathie Oakden [email protected] Barbara Roberts [email protected] Jay Rowe [email protected] Tom & Jeanne Rowe [email protected] Barbara Timblin [email protected] Moyra Turner [email protected] Judy Weaver [email protected]

Martin

Jim Jewell [email protected] Eileen Memory [email protected] Margaret Porter [email protected] John Rosemergy [email protected] Tom & Jeanne Rowe [email protected]

Berryman

John Berryman [email protected] Doris Keeler 3511 Castlebrook Dr, Cameron Park, CA 95682 Brita Rozynski P.O. Box 1036, Nevada City, CA 95959 Barbara Roberts [email protected] A. Francis Pillsbury [email protected]

69 Tis Me 1600 and beyond, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth 1st the manor house consisted of the Farmers House, now called the mansion, The Doomsday survey represented the picture of the state of which was home to all the bailiffs, this was sold to William Kempe England, after the Norman conquered England in 1066. It began by the crown in 1601. William improved the property and the fire in 1080 and was completed in 1087, this survey was carried out place can be seen today dated in the upper room 1636. William by the Norman Commissioners of Justice. All the towns, cities and was also able to obtain from the crown a lease for the village villages were taken into consideration. This is the story of one of green which was to last for two hundred years, much to the joy of those villages, called Blisland a Moorland Parish, it was described the villagers who were allowed to hold graze stock of sheep etc. at the time as being 5 miles in length, 2 1/2 miles in breadth and it there for the first time. lies NE and SW. It neighbours are the villages of St, Breward, There has been some industrial past at Blisland, tin was mined at Altarnum and St. Neot on one side and Temple and Cardinham Durfold just outside of the village and this pit was later mined for on the other, its history goes back as far as records were record- china clay, but the main income for the area comes from agricul- ed and stories beyond that. Tonight I write about some of that ture, and so much of the village life and it celebrations of the sea- history. sons come from farming the rich land. One of the most important There is a house in the village called Butts Cottage. This is the events is St.Pratt’s week which takes place on the Sunday near- site of the old archery butts on flat ground lying below the cottage est to the 22nd of September. This is a written record of this event and another place called Newton house. Here in the middle ages, in 1802. until the invention of gunpowder changed the method of warfare, The week prior to St.Pratt’s was full of activity in the village. Extra men between the ages of fifteen and sixty years old were required shopping, baking and food for all those people who had gone by law to practice archery with longbows every Sunday, feast away but who always came back home to their families for St. days and holy days. On Sundays after church there would be Pratt’s. Caddles and oil being amongst the most important, there practice and often competitions between men and someone out- being no electricity in the village in those days. As Sunday side of the neighbouring villages. The best bows were made out dawned, perfect weather, because something existed which was of yew, the arrows were a yard long with feathers from the geese known as "St.Pratt’s drieth". There would be full Sunday school at or ducks that fed on the village green. The sharp steel tips of the 10 o’clock and into the church and the choir stalls for a full service arrows were capable of penetrating an oak door four inches thick, at eleven, this was followed by a procession from the church or the armour of a knight. Besides their bows the archers carried through the village to St. Pratt’s Cross, where all the Sunday short swords and daggers to use when their supply of arrows school members would lay flowers. There then followed a special had run out. The village blacksmith played a very important Sunday dinner on the village green, when people who had re- role, making arrow heads, swords, daggers as well as the turned home would go around to shake the hands of long seen helmets and breastplates that were worn in battle. The tan- friends. These processions would continue for the week with the ner was kept busy making the leather jerkins and scab- children trying to dress each day a little different, but laying fresh bards and harnesses for the horses. flowers at the Cross. At the end of the week after much food and These men and young boys would be called upon to fight by the celebrations the Church bells would ring and through all the little lord, or monarchy in power at the time. One such person was roads and lanes people would again gather on the Village green William Spry, who lived in the house where Newton house now and sing hymns all the way to the church for final prayers. After- stands. In 1642, when the civil war broke out between the King wards the men would sing all the way to the Royal Oak (the inn) Charles and Parliament, Cornwall was for the most part a Royalist get very merry there, and finish the Week by a last song on the county and William Spry declared at once for the King. He green. raised a Company of Foot Soldiers from Blisland and the neigh- This tradition died out in the early 1960, only to be revived in the bourhood, which, at his own expense, he clothed and equipped late 1970 by my sister and friends who lived in the village. She and took with him into battle. At first the royalist did well, there was also able before she died last year in getting many of the old were famous victories at Braddock in 1643 and at Launceston village traditions going, by raising funds writing a book on the his- and Stratton the following year and in the same year the Round- tory of the Blisland and it’s surrounding area. She was considered heads (Parliament men) were defeated at Castle Dore in heavy as almost a saint in the village for her hard work and the village rain. Their leader, Lorn Robartes escaped to Fowey and from has a seat on the village there by sea to , a parliamentary stronghold. Green dedicated to her, The wealthier landowners and those who owned the great manor she was sadly missed by houses, most of which remain today, not only provided the men all. for war but created work and the means for the people of the vil- All for now, lage to grind their own corn. The mills were vital to the self suffi- Your Cornish friend ciency of the village, and although none of these mills are now Brian working mills, they are still homes and retain their names. There is a mill at Waterloo which was the mill for the Manor of Trehu- dreth, there are also mills for the manor of Cassacawn and the Queens Mill for Blisland itself. Many of the houses go way back to St. Pratt’s holy well and Cross in background

70 Member Information Allen Pascoe Surnames: Pascoe/ Madron, 2318 Maue Road Sithney, Penzance New Miamisburg, OH 45342 Terry Maves Surnames: Pedlar, Crago / [email protected] 11705 120th Street East Liskeard, Devon 937-602-3843 South Hill, WA 98374-4028 William J. Hosking Surnames: Symons / Pound- [email protected] 188 Little John Lane stock, Thomas / , Springfield, IL Hoskins Robert Clive Pascoe Surnames: George Henry 62704-5218 356 Haugh Drive Pascoe / , Gwennap, [email protected] Pittsburgh, PA died Nashville, TN, Louis 217-546-6799 15237 Eustice (Eustis) / Wendron, [email protected] died in New Jersey Sharon Markworth Surnames: Pearce / Wendron, 412-369-7460 8902 Dan Drive Chin, Ching, Chinn / Troon, North Royalton, OH St. Keverne, Camborne, Brian Treglown Surnames: Treglown, Hawken 44133 Harris, Trezona / Camborne, 2236 N. Wayne Marshall / St. Just area [email protected] Knight / Redruth, Camborne, Chicago, IL 440-897-6495 60660 [email protected] Betzey (Curnow) Ball Surnames: Curnow, Hollow 773-764-3313 5031 SW Raintree Parkway Lee’s Summitt, MO 64082-4529

Renewal Catherine A. Whitford Surnames: Buckingham / St. Carol M. Degenkolb Surnames: Floyd / Gwinear, 150 Jail Alley Day, Hawke / Launceston, 5 116 Knollwood Lane Tregilgas / Gwennap, Waters/ Mineral Point, WI Lanes, Trehawke / Liskeard, Fairfield Glade, TN St. Austell, Lydford (Devon), 53565-1212 Trehawke Barton, Menhenoit 38558-5561 St. Enador, Veryan, Green / [email protected] 931-456-7660 608-987-2545

Jeannine L. Brown Surnames: Sobee, Sobye, Mary Lou Gibson Surnames: Kent / Illogan, Rule/ 21570 W. Boschome Drive Sobey / Mylor, St. Winnow, St. 3540 Tamarack Drive Camborne, Mexico, Mitchell / Kildeer, IL Kew, Penryn, Menheniot, Redding, CA Cornwall, South Africa, Uren / 60047-7825 Helston, Lanivet, Polperro, 96003-1715 Gwinear, Mexico, Buckthought / [email protected] Truro, [email protected] Cornwall, Everywhere 847-438-3490 530-245-4492

Jean Windberg Surnames: Pengilly, Rowe, Elizaeth Argall Stone Surnames: Cundy, Edwards / 335 N. Pioneer Road Perkins, Tremaine, Rule 181 Rock Avenue St. Stephen in Brannel, Argall/ Waukegan, IL Gillingham St. Newlyn East 60085-3255 Kent ME7 542 847-244-8546 United Kingdom [email protected] Michael O’Rell Surnames: Parsons / St. Issey 144-1634-581-542 712 33rd Street Oates / Chacewater, Kenwyn Manhattan Beach, CA Jeffery / St. Agnes, Mt. Hawke Sandra I. Dunkel Surnames: Goninan, Grenfel, 90266-3426 Perryman / St. Austell, 2120 Grand Fir Drive Hosking / Redruth, Camborne [email protected] Tregony Enumclaw, WA 310-545-6712 98022 [email protected] 360-802-9338

71 Members con’t:

Dorothy Beckwith Surnames; Rowe, Rodda PO Box 354 of Platteville, WI A Cornish shopkeeper, talking to his assis- 53818-0354 tant: “Ee dawn’t knaw ‘nuff to knaw thet ‘ee [email protected] dawn’t knaw nawthen!”

Lainie Demicco Surnames: Meek, Nortthey, 270 Worcester Drive Penhahlgon, Webb, Ellis, From the CASA winter newsletter 2013 Cambria, CA Axford, Andrew, Cowl, Kent 93428 Michel, Morcombe, Spargo, [email protected] Thomas, Vivian, Tredidga / 805-927-1490 Falmouth, Truro, Toppool

Rejoin

Susan K. Knutson Surnames: none given 417 Beech Street Kingsford, MI 49802 [email protected] 906-774-3860

The inclusion of changes /new information from continuing members with the listing of New Mem- bers, plus Jim Thomas’ Members Interest Page ap- pear to have been encouraging an increase in cor- respondence or networking among family research- ers!

PLEASE be sure to advise the Membership Chair- person, Ron Carbis, of any changes in home ad- dress, phone number or email address so that you do not miss any contacts which would be helpful to you or fail to receive your Tam Kernewek and/or news bulletins or announcements from the Execu- tive Board. Mr. Friggans, Portreath, a dear old figure with a nice turn of phrase, was particularly popular. I see plenty Toronto con’t: of visitors; welcome on your holidays. I expect a lot of your aren’t Cornish, are you? – he hastened to through “Old”, “Middle or Medieval”, “Unified”, add – ‘that’s not your fault. You can’t help that, can “Phonemic or Common”, “Modern”, and “Unified you?’ Cornish Revised or UCR”. All versions have their supporters. A Standard Written Form (SWF) was Charles Thomas, ‘Memories of a Village Chapel agreed on in 2008 for official use and for formal edu- ()’, in Book of Memories of Cornish Meth- cation. Apart from that, people are free to choose the odism Pt. 2 comp. Thomas Shaw, 1994 form they prefer. The site also contains links to fur- ther information, lessons, phrases, grammar guide, dictionaries, etc., all well worth a look. From Toronto Cornish Society newsletter 72

Officers of the Cornish American Heritage Society for the years 2011-2014.

President - Thomas Rusch, 528 Autumn Crest Dr., Watertown, WI 53094 - [email protected] 1st VP-Education, Nancy Oster Heydt, 1889 Union Place, The Villages, FL 32162 - [email protected] 2nd VP-Newsletter, Carolyn Haines, 3835 Bush Gardens Lane, Holt, MI 48842 - [email protected] Secretary - Jackie Marrone, 999 E. 71st Ave., Denver, CO 80229 - [email protected] Treasurer/Membership Chair, Ron Carbis, 13 Saint Ives Place, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-3457 - [email protected] Historian - Richard W. Baker, 1520 Coventry Ct., Reedsburg, WI 53959 - [email protected]

Founding President - Paul Liddicoat, 1920-2001. Past President - Flora “Tommi” O’Hagan Tam Kernewek is published four times a year. Send articles to Carolyn Haines, EMAIL address above. DEADLINES ARE 15 FEBRUARY, 15 MAY, 15 AUGUST AND 15 NOVEMBER

Dues are payable to CAHS: Canadian residents’ dues are $20.00 per year for individuals and $26.00 for families. There are also individual life-time memberships available for $250.00. A Junior Membership is available for young people for $10.00 per year. Please send Canadian dues to Len Snell, Box 286, Waterdown, ON LOR 2HO Canada.

USA residents dues are $15.00/year for individuals and $20.00 for families. There is also individual life-time membership available for a lifetime $215.00 for individuals. Junior Membership available for young people at $10.00 per year. Please send USA dues to: Ron Carbis, 13 Saint Ives Place, Gaithersburg, MD 20877-3457 USA

Overseas residents dues are $25.00/year for individuals, $26 for families. $250 for lifetime and $10 for young people.

**Email newsletter membership dues are $12 per year

Cornish Heritage Certificates are available to anyone whose ancestor(s) were born in Cornwall and settled in NA. Contact Jeanne Thomas, 3409 Elmwood Drive, Clio, MI 48420 USA for information and applications.

Cornish American Heritage Society Membership Application (SEE ABOVE)

Name______Telephone______

Address______

City______State/Province______Zip/Postal Code______

Country______Local society affiliation______

Email______Fax______

Surnames of Cornish Ancestors Locations (parish, town, area) More? Please add new page ______

US $15 individual, $20 family, $215 Lifetime, $10 child. Canadian $20 individual, $26 family, $250 Lifetime, $10 child. **Email newsletter membership dues $12 per year See above addresses to remit.

I also enclose $______for Paul Smales Memorial Fund to bring presenters from Cornwall to the Gatherings.

Contents Calendar

IONA, CornishContents Settlements 1-3 Calendar Tales of St. Just 3,10 St. Piran’s Day — March 5, 2011 GatheringCorrespondence 4 -496 Celebrate21st Annual with Cornish your local Festival society PresidentEvening Message, of Cornish Gorsedth Films Kernow 6 50 27-29 September 2013 CorrespondenceThe Cry of Tin 517- 55 Mineral Point, WI KernewekThe Cornish Lowender Have Talent 7 56 Kernewek Lowender BlackItems Honeybee, of Interest St. Piran’s Oratory 578-58-10 Copper17th International Coast Cornish Gathering Festival Breton16th Language, Gathering Anglo Ad -RatesSaxon map 11 58 Moonta,Of Kadina, Cornish Wallaroo, Cousins Australia 13-17 August 2014 Technology,Six Celtic Medieval Nations Knight 11 59 May 9-15, 2011 Saltash Cross, Jenny the Heifer 60 Milwaukee, Wisconsin Please NOTE! 11 www.kernewek.org Cleaning Stones, Reminder 61 cousinjack.org Registration Form for Gathering 12 Items of Interest 62-63 Annual Gorsedd Conference 14 Writing Family History Stories 64-66 Kernewek Lowender BathA Abbey Cornish and Christmas, Bodies Recipes 14 67 16th InternationalSouth Australia Gathering DerekTis Coad, Me part 2 15 68 18thof Cornish– 24th May Cousins 2015 Member’sSteven Interest R. Curnow Competition 15 69 MineralKernewekLowender.org Point, Wisconsin Tis MeMember Area 16 -7018 August 10 -14, 2011 MemberWhite Information Cross—a Poem 71 18-72 www.cornishfest.org

Cornish American Heritage Society Ron Carbis, Treasurer 13 Saint Ives Place Gaithersburg, MD 20877-3457

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ISSN 1085-1267