Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019: 28-41 THE PLURALITY AND MINORITY IN RELIGIOUSITY (A Study on the Civil Right of Sunda Wiwitan Followers In Cigugur Kuningan)

Nanang Rustandi Universitas Suryakancana, Cianjur, [email protected]

Abstract The different among individual is an undeniable reality in history or man. The study on plurality and minority showed the dynamics of change in all parts of the world including in Indonesia. One of the local beliefs in Indonesia is Sunda Wiwitan. This article is aimed to observe the religiosity life especially the follower of Sunda Wiwitan in getting their civil rights as the citizens of a state. The study showed that there was a tendency of unfairness to the local belief followers especially in getting their civil rights. Whereas the power and ability of religiosity oriented to the multicultural which accept the plurality. The plurality acceptance was not taken for granted. It needed reinforcement and experience to be able to do religious deconstruction. The state, in this context, as the regulator should recheck the civil rights demand into the policies. Thus, it could give the same right for all the citizen including the local belief followers.

Keywords: plurality, minority, worldviews, multicultural, deconstruction.

INTRODUCTION the understanding among the religious The difference is fate, that was groups in Indonesia. one of the expressions heard in The religious plurality is so questions answers session in the important to keep and maintain the national seminar on plurality and tolerant attitude among the religious minority in the context of Unity held by beliefs. It is not only because of the Indonesian Science and Knowledge socio-political consideration but also Institution—LIPI (LIPI, 2016). All the consideration itself. In the parties were asked to build the context of religious diversity, the togetherness (tasawuh), interaction interreligious dialog is very important (ta’aruf) peace and prosperity. as well as a need. The dialog is also as a Respecting among the religion means to erase the misunderstanding followers had been showed by many or the negative perception on the scholars and intellectuals like . The dialog should be held to Nurcholis Madjid, Abdurrahman create the mutual respect without Wahid, Quraish Shihab, J.B. debating or arguing which leads to Banawiratma, Eka Darmaputera and confirm the truth of one certain belief Franz Magnis Soeseno through many or blame the other one. In this steps, either the scientific studies or perspective, the dialog is hoped to political moves to face the build the harmony among the interreligious problems happened in differences both in the discourse and Indonesia. Those figures had showed real life. The dialog in this context is a various relevant approaches to build way of life to connect one to another.

Nanang Rustandi - 28 Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 In the context of difference, the religions. Each religion has its own different belief followers can live in multi-interpretation. Therefore, peace. The followers must learn not pluralism is not only the external only their religious lessons but also the symptom but also the internal one. By way to apply the lessons in their life. In the past global interaction, the reality of the context of socio-political life, the plurality cannot be faced only by same foundation of the state must be clumsy tolerance, peace co-existence, or admitted. Through this same even the formal judicial policies. The foundation, the happened conflicts and plurality needs the basic change on the discriminations among the religious way how to see the life, the man, and beliefs could be solved. Thus the the world as well as to do life in neutrality principle in Pancasila should meaningful way in the variety of life be applied and maintained in real life. itself. The world problems found today Any efforts or attempts to force certain need the spiritual wisdom. The religion value systems contradicted to the should be able to contribute the neutrality principles of Pancasila must wisdom. However, if the religions be avoided. cannot take the proper attitude to this Through the Pancasila pluralism tendency either externally or principles, the state must guarantee the internally, or even become the religious freedom in the consistent narcissism spots then instead to be the ways. The intervention, limitation, and source of inspiration, the religions will discrimination in religion must be become the destroyer powers not only avoided. The facts shows that the for the world but also for themselves protection to the minority groups is still (Bambang Sugiharto, 2016). less. The failure to apply it is an Samsul Maarif (2016), of Center indication that democracy moves for Religious and Cross-cultural nowhere. The conditions is proven by a Studies (CRCS), critically offered 178 country-survey which positioned perspective alternative that have been Indonesia in 63rd position, with 80.6 developed in the recent studies on score. Even though Indonesia was not indigenous religions. The religions are technically considered as a fail country often represented improperly because yet the position belonged to high risky they are viewed from the world of disintegration for the religious religions especially the Abrahamic followers. It means that Indonesia was religions (, Christian, and close to consider to a fail country. One ). The perspective of world of the factors used to determine the religions (with its key concepts of score directed Indonesia to be a fail and spiritually) then forced to see the country was the complaints of the phenomenon of local religions that religious followers. The tenses and eventually lead to a judgment that violence happened, and the state those indigenous religions belong to failure to give secure feeling to the “animism”, a belief which said to citizens, play important role in believe in the spirits who stay on the ensuring Indonesia to remain in good tree, stone, mountains, and others. The condition. followers then judged they are The various interest conflicts worshiping the tree, stone and happen today come from the different mountains bringing them to be called sources. One of them is from the the doers, hypocrisy, and so

Nanang Rustandi - 29 Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 on. Because of the perspective, the local a part of the attempts to harmonize the religions often observed by the world cosmos. religions perspective in such a mission way, that is in the target of making DISCRIMINATIVE TREATMENT them to do religion conversion to the The constitution 1945 clearly . admits the presence of religions and The fact is that the indigenous beliefs to the Almighty God, as a part religions can talk about religions of Indonesian property. However, without talking about the concept of along the history the treatment to the God. The word “God” itself was local beliefs showed the unclear actually the adaptation done by dynamics. Even in the regime of Joko Christian in the colonial Widodo (Jokowi) and Jusuf Kalla (JK), era when translating the bible. The the proposal on the bill revisions about word used to say in the bible is the admittance and protection to the “Lord”, and the similarity word for it local religions still be delayed card in the local language was “Tuan”, then (Maman Sutarman, 2016). One of the changed into “Tuhan”. In the other reasons mentioned by the chief of words, the concept of “Tuhan” was the Religious Affair Ministry was as bias of the . followed: even does not know the “The government still studies on concept of God as understood by the the protection of the beliefs beyond the Abrahamic religions (that is, “personal- six admitted religions until today. The God”). The context of Indonesian government admitted to have politics after 1965 caused the Buddhism difficulties to enlist the beliefs because followers in Indonesia had to do the the beliefs have never fulfilled the invention of God concept in their definition of religion. The definition theological construction. becomes important so that the ministry As the critics to the can easily states whether a belief can be epistemological bias to Abrahamic included into a religion or not. It is religions in viewing the local religions, connected to the bill number 23 year taking the concepts ever proposed by 2013 on the citizenship administration, Nurit Bird-David in his research on which obligate the citizen to mention Nayaka tribe in India. Bird-David the followed religion on his identity criticized the animism concept that had card. Relating to the policy, for the the colonialism bias and offered the temporary time the local belief concept of relational epistemology” to followers can blank the religion Colum view the local religions. This is the in his identity card (Maman Sutarman, more proper perspective alternative to 2016). represent the Indonesian local In the beginning of new regime religions. In the relational era, it was issued the presidential epistemology, what happens is not the decision Number 1 year 1965 and the belief to the presence of the spirit on bills Number 5 year 1969, said that the the tree which then worshiped, but the followed religions by Indonesian were existential relation among the Islam, Christian, Catholic, Hindu, presences treated together as person, Buddhism, and Konghucu. In the one perspective then viewed widely as regime Konghucu was put aside. Based on the decision letter of Home

30 - The Plurality And Minority In Religiosity Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 Affairs Minister in 1974, the religion fill different level of gradation.1 In the in the identity card must be filled by societies like ‘The cultural the choice religions of Islam, Christian, communities’ in Baduy, Sunda Catholic, Hindu, and Buddhism. Wiwitan, Samin, Tengger, and Osing in Beyond of the five, it will be considered Pekuncen, Banyumas, these remained as the belief including the local religion. civilization can still be seen clearly. The Whereas according to The Ministry of ability to keep and synthesize various Culture and Tourism in 2003, there had remained civilizations found in Jave ever been 245 local religions in cultural communities make these Indonesia. Because the local religions communities as the instances of society are not admitted, there came an which be able to apply the tolerance assumption that the Indonesian did not and accept the difference as a part of follow religions in the first century. life (Riwanto Tirtosudarmo, 2016). There is a little number of Indonesian The first reason for preserving knowing the presence of the local the minority religions is the need to religions. Moreover the generation balance the discourse which dominated born after 1974, after the issue of by the main stream of people opening a decision letter of Home Affair Minister wider perspective on the minority. on the religion Colum obligatory to fill Different to the majority which be able by one of the chosen-five religion. to defend their own right, the minority According to Kuntjaraningrat finds difficulties in doing it especially (1974), the term of religion used to in getting their civil rights. It is surely mention six official religions of the state not a general law, but it is a general like Islam, Catholic, Protestant, Hindu, phenomenon. People like to hope that Buddhism, and Konghucu. Meanwhile minority can be obedient and be a part all the belief system which are not of the official religions, listening, not officially admitted or yet are called making a problem, not surpassing the religi. majority for the long term, the religion Parsudi Suparlan (1988) defined developments, education, and so on the religion as a set of rule and a rule (Ahmad Najib Burhani, 2016). ruling the relation between man and It is something unusual for the the spirit world especially to God, minority members hoping it because as ruling the relation between man to citizens, they also have the same rights. other man, and ruling the relation When they ask for the similarity, they between man and his environment. will be considered arrogant. In some Specifically, the religion is defined as a cases, when the minority found guilty belief system followed by and the acts because of doing a crime or accused of manifested by a group of people in doing a crime or only considered of interpreting and responding what they doing a crime, they often get the double believe and feel as the sacred and holy. punishment. The cases found in The opinion of some experts, Tanjung Balai, Cikeusik, and Sampang. either domestic or foreign expert, In these three cases, the victims got especially Denys Lombard who saw punishment more than the attackers. as the place of great civilizations; pre -Buddhism, Hindusim- 1 For literature on religions in Java, like by Buddhism, Islam and Western in the Cliffrord Geertz (1960), Koentjaraningrat (1985) dan Ricklefs (2012) the local religions were called “Sinkretik”

Nanang Rustandi - 31 Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 Meliana, Dede Sudjana, and Tajul Theologically absolute means not Muluk got in jailed in the demand to always refer to the blind obedience chill out the rage of majority masses. In without asking firstly. The is Meliana case, even though it was not important morally which understood proven but the police stated her that as a universal wisdom. The moral she violated the rule by humiliating the lesson on the relation between the religion, and the society also echoed the minority and majority, the old and the mistake. To redemption her mistake, new, the weak and the strong.Like in the society did not allow her to return the statement of Prophet Muhammad to her house, she had to go out of the Saw, “Laisa minna lam yarham saghirana village, she should ask apology to all walam yuwaqqir kabirana” (Not a part of Indonesian and charged to be guilty my lesson those who have no respect to because of endangering the social others above them and those who do security, two of the religious house had not like the people under them). to be closed. Tajul Muluk got in jailed The rights of local religion for years because of the good name of followers are still put aside. They are religion, and Deden Sudjana had to considered to be different, silenced, stay in prison longer than the attackers. and forced to follow the “official” The second reason is identity. Because of being considered to psychological. It is right that minority be “different” and being not able to could not always survive, like the express and show their religion Apartheid in South Africa and the identity, ethnic, and nation. They were minority of Sunny represented by forced to follow the official identity. Mandi in Irak. They were usually The unfair treatments and acts often called the thirany minority. However, happen to them. Like to Ahmadiyah, there were some groups discriminated Syiah, and other communities who get along their life. They were like homo the violence and discrimination, there sacer in the term of Agamben (1998). was a community member who found They had to adjust and blend with the difficulty in getting his identity surround environment. They had to card/Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP), it suffer for long time, and they never had was just because he did not belong to courage to open themselves. It was one of the official religions admitted by right that some minority groups did the state. This kind of experience has mistakes, but it was need to know too been usual to find by Sunda Wiwitan their psychological condition under community in Cigugur, the Regency of certain attitude and behaviors for long Kuningan, West Java. They were time. This understanding should not confused by the beauracrats. Like lead into a conclusion yet give a experienced by Pangeran different perspective when viewing a Djatikususma, the elder of Sunda mistake done by the minority. This Wiwitan as usual greeted as Rama kind of perspective is the same like the Djati, by himself, his family, and some action of immolation Bouazizi in Tunisia other community members. They often or a suicide bomber in Palestine (Asad found the unfair treatment and acts by 2007). the local government officers especially The other reason is the that relate to the religion matters. The theological. The in religion is penghayat (the calling for Sunda absolute, so is for the minority. Wiwitan followers) were asked what

32 - The Plurality And Minority In Religiosity Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 their religion belonged to: Islam, their and resounded although Catholic, Protestant, Hinduism, and they have differences. Buddhism. If they were asked the The case in making the identity question, they would answer that their card and the other administrative religion was Sunda Wiwitan. matters is only a little part of the unfair This penghayat also still treatments and acts problem experience experience the discrimination of their by the penghayat. They have been civil right as well as their political considered as the anonym, the status rights. They got those discriminations less. In the new order regime, they because of their religions. As in the case would be identified as subversive. of getting the identity card, the officers Every citizen had to own the complete only knew and admitted five religions identity. The census officiers hired by (Islam, Christian, Catholic, Hinduism, Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) or the and Buddhism and in its development Statistic Center Agency were not then Konghucu enlisted to be the six allowed to blank the religion coloum. official religion admitted by the Sunda Wiwitan followers in Cigugur government) based on the explanation had been so usual to find the unfair of the presidential determination treatment from the government. number 1 year 1965 on the prevention However, in the middle of the bad of anticipation and/or the religion news on the religious harmony because article 1. “The religions followed by the of the violence issues in the name of Indonesia are Islam, Christian, religions, radicalism, terrorism, and the Catholic, Hinduism, Buddhism, and others, the religion life get the lesson Khong Hu Cu (Confucius)” Based on how should live among the difference this regulation then the unfair from those who get the unfair treatments and acts are often treatments and acts so far. experienced by Penghayat Sunda The right of a citizen is a set of Wiwitan. rights that everyone receives in respect The religions admitted by the of his position as part of a country. The government were five at the time (it rights of these citizens are limited by become six at this moment) halt Sunda the rules imposed by the state. The Wiwitan followers to get the identity rights of citizens include: the right to card, the birth certificate, and other obtain protection in any form citizenship certificates. Even for the whatsoever from the government, the children, they got difficulties to enroll right to employment and a decent the state school. Thus, there many living, the right to participate in the Sunda Wiwitan followers decided to defense of the state, the right to religion embrace Islam or Catholic. Even and to choose education and though Sunda Wiwitan followers now citizenship. embrace the different religions yet, they In every citizen's right, the reflect the same lesson and life obligation is also bound. The obligation philosophy which guarantee the of a citizen means things that must be harmony among the different followers done by every person of that country. as well as create the pluralism founded Examples of obligations of citizens their genuine culture without any include: the obligation to participate in social manipulations. The pluralism defending the state, the obligation to principles has been down deeply in

Nanang Rustandi - 33 Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 pay taxes, obey the basic state and so mind, continue to learn and seek forth. throughout his life. What yesterday we believe to be true now we think is ISLAM AND RELIGIOUS wrong because, for example, we get PLURALISM new information that shows the The discourse on pluralism mistake of our previous opinion. which, along with secularism and Maybe tomorrow we blame liberalism, is said to be a harbinger of again what we think is true today decades ago has indeed emerged. because we are getting new truth. But Pluralism, in this case religious the pros and cons of pluralism are pluralism, becomes the polemic object serious problems. Because it involves among the dissenting parties, between conflicting pluralist attitudes and anti- those who accept and those who refuse. pluralist attitudes, oppositional Actually the polemic does not need to attitudes that bring implications to the happen because the 'pluralism' is level of praxis, the act of denying and forbidden is actually not a pluralism depriving others the right to be present that is understood, supported and on this earth with all the integrity of promoted by the pro-pluralism as their identity (Djohan Effendi, 2009). discourse so far. There is a difference in If it is examined more broadly the definition of what is meant by within the framework of the Unitary pluralism. State of the Republic of Both parties use the same word Indonesia/Negara Kesatuan Republik with different understandings. One Indonesia (NKRI), that the difference party assumes pluralism is the notion 'Pluralism' is a right owned by every that all religions are the same while citizen or Human Rights/Hak Asasi others understand pluralism as the idea Manusia (HAM). Every individual has of accepting the presence of different instinctive equations, wherever, religions, so it is not the same, and the whoever, and here pluralism is inequality does not necessarily create inherent. But in the course of his life, community disharmony, because each humans commit misappropriation, of them jealous, hates each other and deception, character assassination or mutually hostile to each other. make all victims of it. That is when Therefore, the polemic that human rights are neglected. The right happened because of fatwa prohibition of every person is something that is is less interesting. Although the already present in man. To realize polemic is less interesting, the problem those rights requires a respectable rule. of still needs to be That way, these rights can be run in discouraged precisely because of accordance with the nature and nature misunderstandings that result in a of each. Islam fully supports the horrendous fatwa emerging and existence of different rights ranging causing po-cons in society. from creation to death (Katimin dan Differences of opinion is a Ahmad Dayan Lubis, 2006). common thing because diversity is the Neither human rights nor nature of nature that moves in the codification of humanity are exceptions trajectory of time. Not infrequently to Muslim thinkers, who can disagreements occur even in the man immediately point out that, despite the himself as a thinker and should use his recent institutionalization of human

34 - The Plurality And Minority In Religiosity Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 rights and humanitarian codification, honored, despite the different color of such matters have even been carried his skin, his place of residence, his out in the early days of Prophet nasab. So also between men and Muhammad. women, in this case are equally From some literature, it can be honored. Allah swt.said: concluded that human rights are a Meaning:"And verily We have responsibility that has existed since honored the children of human birth or in other words the basic Adam,We transport them on rights possessed by humans. These land and in the seas, We give rights fall into the category of freedom them sustenance from the good and freedom, including the right to life, and We exhort them with perfect the right to gain something, the advantages over most of the freedom of attitude without any creatures we have created." (Q.S. impediment. al-Israa': 70) According to Islam these human rights must conform to the principles of Islam asserts that the benchmark humanity in harmony and balance, of glory is based on a belief regardless of the differences among the relationship. Because that noble social community even though here position is determined by human and there still exist. Al-qur'an and reasoning, and its acceptance of the sunnah are a reflection of up-to-date apostles' and the manhaj's apostasy Human Rights. that comes from revelation.Allah In the Qur'an, Islam departs swt.said: QS attin 4-6: from a high aqidah in regard to man. Meaning: “(4) We created man Because Allah 'AzzaWajalla has made in the best possible form (5) then man as khalifah on earth. That is to We rest him to the lowest () prosper the earth, and enforce the laws (6) except those who believe and of the Shari'ah of Allah on earth. Allah work righteous deeds; For them Almighty says: the reward of unfailing. "(Q.S. Meaning: "Remember when at-Tiin: 4-6) (Muhammad your Lord said to the Angels:"I Ahmad Mufti dan Sami Salih al- will make a caliph in the earth." Wakil, 2009). they say: "Why do you want to make the (Caliph) on earth the Those are some verses in the one who will make the damage Qur'an that discuss the position of man, to him and shed blood, yet We or the rights of man given by Allah swt. always celebrate by praising You To man on earth Allah swt. and purifying You?" The Lord In essence, the word tolerance is said: "Verily I know what you very difficult to get to its proper do not know." (Q.S. al-Baqarah: counterpoint in Arabic which shows 30) the meaning of tolerance in English. Therefore, Islam considers that However, Muslims began to discuss man is the object of honor from Allah this topic with the term "tasamuh". In swt. Allah grants that honor and grants Arabic, the word "tasamuh" is a it to mankind as a virtue from God derivation of "samh" meaning Almighty. Every human being by "juudwakaramwatasahul" and not "to nature as a human being, is equally endure without protest" which is the

Nanang Rustandi - 35 Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 original meaning of the words side by side with the Christians and "tolerance". Jews. Islam guarantees their lives with In Islam, tolerance applies to all the fairest of course to keep using the people, be it fellow Muslims and non- rules of Islam because this rule can not Muslims. Yusuf al-Qardhawi in his be tolerated. Islamic reference to book Ghair al-Musliminfii al-Mujtama justice. 'Al-Islami mentions that there are four Meaning: "... And let no hatred main factors that lead to unique (of you) to any people because tolerance always dominates the they hinder you from the Sacred behavior of Muslims against non- Mosque, encourage you to do Muslims, namely: persecution (to them). And 1. Belief in the glory of man, regardless please-help you in doing good of religion, nationality and harmony. and piety, and do not help in 2. The difference that man in religion sinning and transgression. and and belief is the reality desired by fear Allah to Allah, He is terribly Allah. which has given them the punished. "(Q.S. al-Maa'idah: 2) freedom to choose faith and kufr. 3. A Muslim is not required to At that time Islam was often prosecute a man's disbelief or judge doing trade with the Christians or Jews. the pervert of others. Allah swt.It And this is as exemplified by the will be the judgment. Prophet, in buying and selling. From 4. Confidence that Allah swt. Jabir ibn Abdullah Radliyallahu 'anhu: Ccommanded to do justice and that the Prophet sallallaahu' invite to the noble character though alaihiwasallam ever bought camels to the polytheists. Allah also from him, he weighed for him and denounces the deeds of dzalim weighed (exaggerated). though against the unbelievers. From Abu Sofwan Suwaid bin Doctrinally, tolerance is entirely QaisRadliyallahu 'anhu he said: "I and required by Islam. Islam by definition Makhramah Al-Abdi supplied (bring) is a religion of peace, congratulations clothes / food from Hajar, then the and surrender. Such a definition of Prophet sallallaahu' alaihiwasallam Islam is often formulated by the term came to us and belaiu buy sirwal "Islamic religion rahmatanlil 'aalamin" (pants), while I have a handyman (the religion that protects the whole of weigh the salaries, so the Prophet nature). That is, Islam always offers sallallaahu 'alaihiwasallam ordered the dialogue and tolerance in the form of weighter, he said: Weigh and mutual respect instead of forcing. Islam exaggerate! ". realizes that the diversity of humanity Please help others, visit the sick, in religion is the will of God. said the Prophet: "Helping the sick who From the above understanding are alive will be rewarded" (Narrated is found that, Tolerance (Tasamuh) by Bukhari 2363 and Muslim No. 2244). according to Islam is a form of leeway, Tasdiq; Which is the justifying nature urban area, softness to all aspects of of everything that comes from Allah, social except the System and Principles the Apostle and Ulil Amri. This truth is of Islamic Values. In this case Islam absolute only acknowledging a truth does not forbid to tolerate. Like that comes from God. For example a Rasullallah saw,in his day Islam lived Muslim can not assume the truth of

36 - The Plurality And Minority In Religiosity Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 another religion equals the truth of not the opposite instead of being Islam. obsolete and disputed. Tasyri; A rule or law made by God that must be obeyed no form POST DECISION OF THE wherever and however. And can not be CONSTITUTIONAL COURT adjusted or tolerated with other (MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI) religions. For example a Muslim can There is a new discourse about not tolerate anything that violates the the existence of local religions and their rules of Islam. civil rights as described above, such as Sirriyah; Closing a secret or the Constitutional Court's decision on hiding a thing should not be known by granting a column of trust for the Local non-Muslims. This is done by the time Religious Community on Identity of Prophet Muhammad saw as a form Card/Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP). of protection of the Muslims from the This ruling came after more than 7 ploy or the evil plans committed by years of the local archipelago non-Muslims and non-Muslims. The community struggled to get the right to example that was done at that time was attach his religious identity in the to keep the place of education religious column on the Id card, finally (tarbiyah) from the . If a on November 7, 2017 the Constitutional tolerance touches the above realm then Court granted the petitioners' petition Islam can not tolerate it because the for the whole. Truth of Islam is absolute from Allah In the decision of the and does not rely on anything. Constitutional Court it is affirmed that From the above explanation it is the word "Religion" in Article 61 clear that neither the State nor any paragraph 10 and Article 64 paragraph religion should distinguish the types (2) Law No. 23 of 2006 on Population and colors of human skin, even what Administration as amended by Law religion they wish to renounce is No. 24 of 2013 on amendment to Law returned to the will of the likes he No. 23 of 2006 on the Administration of wants. The state has naturally Population/Administrasi positioned the local religious believer Kependudukan (Adminduk) is as a distinctive group, as a culture declared contrary to the 1945 amidst the diversity of this nation. Constitution of the State of the Likewise a religion that has been Republic of Indonesia and has a clearly exemplified by the Prophet conditional binding legal force insofar Muhammad to keep each other respect as it does not include "Trust". what difference a person wants to In Law Number 23 Year 2006 adopt, whether it wants nasroni or regarding Adminduk juncto Law mazusi. Respect is more beautiful than Number 24 Year 2013 regarding Law hostile and the most forbidding on Adminduk reads "That in order for religion if human beings are hostile to the purpose of realizing the orderly each other for almost three days with administration of population can be the guarantee of adzab Allah swt. So realized as well as considering the the explanation of pluralism for some number of believers in Indonesian human beings in Indonesia religion is society is very much and varied, the judged as 'rahmatanlilalaminn' and inclusion of the data element of should be made as a unique distinction, population religion for the believer by

Nanang Rustandi - 37 Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 simply listing the person as a 'believer' Carlim with case number 97 / PUU- without specifying the beliefs held in XIV / 2016. Likewise, the applicant of the Family Card/Kartu Keluarga (KK) Mursid's father who is the elder of or electronic Id card, as well as other Bedouin society in Cibeo Village, religious followers. Kanekes Village, Leuwidamar Sub- This clause affirms that the district, Lebak District, asked the mention of religion without entering government to publish the local the word "Belief" is contrary to the religion "Selam Sunda Wiwitan" by the Constitution of the Republic of Bedouin people in the id card column. Indonesia in 1945. Although the The applicants previously decision of the Constitutional Court is assessed that the provisions in the considered not to touch the essential Adminduk Law were deemed issues related to religious clauses that incapable of guaranteeing the are problematic or unrecognized. protection and fulfillment of the same However, the petition of the rights to believers to God Almighty or petitioner requesting confession to be inhabitants as citizens. During this written in the VAW column should be time, trustees, such as Sunda Wiwitan, appreciated and the state should no Batak Parmalim, and Sapto Darmo, longer discriminate against the citizen experienced discrimination in accessing in attaching religious identity in the public services because the religious administration records of his / her columns in their KK and id card were residence. The granting of the petition emptied. of the petitioners as a whole by the In his petition, Nggay and his Constitutional Court is expected to colleagues asked the Panel of Judges of eliminate discriminatory practices the Constitutional Court to declare that against the local religious community Article 61 Paragraph 1 and Article 64 as it has been so far. Paragraph 1 of the Adminduk Law is This verdict will be an important contradictory to the 1945 Constitution. milestone in the elimination of The reasons for the petitioners are that discrimination based on the religion the articles tested are not clearly and and belief of every citizen if followed logically arranged so as to give rise to by an effort to encourage more different interpretations. Different and essential advocacy in relation to the full violate the basic rights of citizens. recognition of every citizen. In reality, although local On that occasion, Setara Institute adherents have been given legal expressed appreciation to the guarantees from the Constitutional Constitutional Court which has done Court, but in its implementation it its constitutional responsibilities well in takes time to adjust to the existing guaranteeing religious freedom and rules. As expressed by the legal counsel trust for every citizen. Accompanying of the plaintiffs, Julianto Simanjuntak, congratulations to all the local despite appreciating the decision of the archipelago of the archipelago for the Constitutional Court that makes the struggle and the result. adherents of trust can fill their belief in The request of the previous the religious column in KTP and KK, material test was previously submitted but the problem in the future is how by Nggay Mehang Tana, Pagar the implementation level in the data Demanra Sirait, Arnol Purba, and Directorate General of Population and

38 - The Plurality And Minority In Religiosity Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 Civil Registration Ministry of the believer has started to conical to Interior/Kependudukan dan Catatan two forms. The technicality is written Sipil (Dukcapil). The decision of the "Belief in God Almighty" or "Believers Constitutional Court to get a response of Belief". from the government apparatus is Ministry of Religious Affairs of considered final and has permanent the Republic of Indonesia highlights legal power. the discussion of the Draft In addition to getting support, Law/Rancangan Undang Undang various attitudes on the decision of the (RUU) which refers to the outcome of Court also came from sharing the circle. the Constitutional Court decision is still As disclosed by the Chairman of the choked especially in determining the Advisory Council of the Indonesian definition of religion. With the decision Ulema Council/MajelisUlama of the Constitutional Court, then Indonesia (MUI), Muhammad adherents can enter into a protected Sirajuddin Syamsuddin (Din group other than the officially Syamsuddin), that the flow of Sunda recognized six religions. The Wiwitan can not be called a religion so Constitutional Court's decision also it does not need to be included in the Id means that believers get the same card of the adherents. rights as adherents of six official According to Sunda Wiwitan is religions. not a religion. Not in the scientific The consequences of the sense of religion. Because a sense or protection of the religious community flow can be classified as a religion if it become one related to the believer. So if meets certain conditions. For example, religion is only defined by six religions, there are revealed revelations, have then the believer is not included in the scriptures, and run a system. protection of religious people. So if for According to him, Sunda example experiencing religious Wiwitancan not be classified as a blasphemy, violence, discrimination, religion because it does not meet these the believer of local religion cannot be requirements. Even if it is considered a protected under the law. This is what religion, then there will be thousands of makes this decision still needs review. religions later who demand the same Discussion of the Draft Law on thing. Religious criteria are Religious Protection itself has always scientifically limited, anyone can not been a dead end when discussing the freely freely. definition of religion. The debate in the The Directorate General for House of Representatives, usually Population and Civil Registration of the related to a group of believers, can be Ministry of Home Affairs stated that included in a protected or not. With the there are a number of options related to decision of the Constitutional Court on the writing of the status of the flow of Tuesday, November 7, 2017, it will trust in the electronic identity card make the preparation of the definition column. If the name of the trust stream of religion in the bill can run more is included, there is no guarantee smoothly and no longer complicated. whether the trust group is dissolving or The Religious Protection Bill is also changing its name. Therefore, the included in the 2018 national legislation option of writing the identity of the program/Program Legislasi Nasional flow of trust in the religious column for (Proglenas), and may soon be ratified.

Nanang Rustandi - 39 Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ISSN 2089-8835 Volume 2 Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 The Bill on the Protection of Religious that each tribe/ethnic has different People was initiated by JokoWidodo spiritual experience. government since 2014. But the Although decision of the discussion is tough. Constitutional Court/Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) has sided with the CONCLUSION adherents of local religion, but the The writer conclude on the implementation still gets constraints. government attitude to the civil rights The draft law on the Protection of of SundaWiwitan followers especially People of Religion, which was initiated the followers of Madrais lesson in by the government, is still unclear to Cigugur, Kuningan, West Java. The the extent that it can accommodate the existence of this local beliefs are: inhabitants to obtain full rights, which The existence of local religions can be listed on KTP and KK and other and beliefs as well as the traditions in civil rights. Indonesia is an undeniable fact. The In Sunda Wiwitan lesson also long history of culture and the teaches the kindness to all nature Indonesian (universal), like brought by Madrais, followers become the witnesses the teaches various kindness that come variety of ethnic, culture, and language from the pattern of nature and other with the various theological-spiritual creatures such as the lesson not to easy understanding of the society. Indonesia to accept the kindness of other except is not a religion country, however the from the hardworking efforts. Madrais citizens believe in God the Almighty. also teaches the importance of human The Indonesian life philosophy consciousness to know the way and to defend their motherland was also trait of human like to love the others, inspired by the theological spirit. The the politeness values, to have good human live because of the God will, the culture and language as well to write, human was born at the same level in and to do wiwaha dana raga (considering front of God. Thus, the independence every decision and behaviors in life). from the colonialism was also the will As human, they must be conscious to of God the Almighty. his existence as the creature of the The various spiritual life of Powerful God. Indonesian confirms the assumption

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