Y = L A STORIES OF PICTURESQUE NORTH CAROLINA
The People's Magazine
Vol. I OCTOBER No. 4
EntfkEd as Second-Class Matter at the Postoffice at Charlotte, N. C, Under the Act
OF March 3, 1879
MAE LUCILLE SMITH .- -- Editor and Owner
Published Every Month
Sent by Mail, One Year - _ One Dollar
Single Copies...- ._- Ten Cents
Home Office of Publication .216 Fifth Avenue, West, Hendersonville, N. C.
PATRONS
Locke Craig _ Governor of North Carolina
JosEphus Daniels _ Secretary of the Navy
Lee S. Overman _ United States Senator
F. M. Simmons United States Senator
Joseph Hyde Pratt State Geologist
J. C. Peitchard _.._ Judge United States Circuit Court of Appeals
ADVISORY BOARD
John E. Ennis, M.D _...St. Petersburg, Fla.
R. M. WiLLCOX ._. President Greater Hendersonville Club, Hendersonville, N. C.
R. R. Haynes President The Cliffside Mills, Cliffside, N. C.
W. J. Davis President First Bank and Trust Company, Hendersonville, N. C.
W. A. Smith.. ._ President Laurel Park Electric Railway, Hendersonville, N. C.
L. L. Jenkins President American National Bank, Asheville, N. C.
F. E. DuRFEE President Citizens Bank, Hendersonville, N. C.
W. K. Howe President The People's National Bank, Hendersonville, N. C.
Charles E. Moore...- St. Petersburg, Fla.
B. Jackson - Postmaster, Hendersonville, N. C.
H. G. Bailey _ Hendersonville, N. C.
J. O. Williams Hendersonville, N. C.
T. L. Durham _ ._. Hendersonville, N. C.
P. F. Patton _ Hendersonville, N. C. FOREWORD
THE DREAMERS MEN HAD NEVER BEEN DREAMERS, IF STIRRED TO THE SOUL WITH UNREST, THEY HAD NEVER PLOWED THE FURROW, THAT EARTH MIGHT RETURN HER BEST; AND THAT LOWING OF HERDS IN THE MEADOW, AND THE BLEATING OF FLOCKS ON THE HILL, AND THE SONG OF THE WIND IN THE WHEAT FIELD WOULD WAIT FOR THE DREAMERS STILL.
IF MEN HAD NEVER BEEN DREAMERS, SEEKING THE NEW AND THE STRANGE, NO RAFT HAD YET BRAVED THE WATERS, OR THE DESERT WHERE WILD BEASTS RANGE; AND THE LOVES AND THE HOPES AND THE LONGINGS, THE LAUGHTER AND SONG AND TEARS OF LIFE, WERE BUT THINGS UNSHAPEN— AWAITING THE DREAMER'S YEARS.
IF MEN HAD NEVER BEEN DREAMERS, BELIEVING THAT LIFE IS GOOD THIS FABRIC OF DREAMS WE CALL "LIVING- NO MAN COULD HAVE UNDERSTOOD; AND THERE NEVER HAD BEEN A WHISPER OF LOVE ON THE EVENING AIR, NOR A LAUGH OF JOY FOR THE MORNING, NOR A MOTHER'S BREATHING PRAYER.
IF MEN HAD NEVER BEEN DREAMERS. SEEKING THE FACE OF GOD, THEIR BACKS WOULD HAVE BENT TO THE JUNGLE, THEIR CRIES HAD BEEN OF THE SOD; AND THE LABOR AND SONGS AND SHOUTINGS, AND THE HOPE THAT NOW APPEARS, AND OUR FAITH IN A GOOD DAY COMING HAD BEEN LOST IN THE GLORIOUS YEARS. Y = L A TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR OCTOBER, 1913
The cover page and entire contents of this Magacine are protected by copyright, and must not be reprinted zvithout the publishers' permission
Foreword—The Dreamers Page Frontispiece —Henry Groves Connor, LL.D. EDITORIAL COAIMENT
Page Some Interesting Statements 93 Worthily Bestowed. The Phillippine Situation 87 94 The Passing of the Family Pew 87 Intensive Farmmg 94 Preventing Hydrophobia. 88 Caring for the Fatherless 94 Planning for the Convention.. 88 A Plea for Better Babies in the Factories 95
Money Made Out of Beans 88 Himrod ! Rev. James Lattimore Himrod !.. 97 Making Marked Progress 89 A Blow at Stock Gambling 98 Leads in Religious Census 8g Making a Record 98 Displacing the Lobby 89 The Slit Skirt _ _ 98 The Saloon and Insanity 90 L'nsanitary Pies ..._ _ 99 Anent the High Cost of Living 90 We Thank You 100 Observations of a Working Man 92 Announcement 100 SPECIAL ARTICLES A Tour over the Central Highway Joseph Hyde Pratt loi Orphanage Work in North Carolina _ M. L. Kcsler 103 The Tobacco Industry 106 No Greater Love Mary Boyle O'Reilly 107 An Innovation in Municipal Platforms _ _ 108 One-Day Road Bnilding log Good Road Construction ill Freight Rate Discrimination 5. A. Jones 11,1 The Forests of North Carolina Joseph Hyde Pratt ijo The Si.xth Sense Walter Hamilton Candler 123 The Passing of a Picturesque People _ 126 Dreaming in the Twilight Henry Blount 130 Municipal Ice Plants 131 One Need of the Town _ _ _ 133 More About North Carolina ..._ _ 137 The South on Wheels ..._ _ 141 IN NORTH CAROLINA'S CALCIUAI LIGHT Henry Groves Connor _ _ l^? DESCRIPTIVE ARTICLES The Mountain and the Fountain _ Luke Dixon 147 IN TFIE REALM OF RETROSPECTION The Call — Sereca Trclsoe 149 Some Needed Visions _ 150 THE NORTH CAROLINA POETS' CORNER Peggy - Jda Clifton Hinshaw 153 A Prayer Lila Ripley Banncell 153 The Land of The Balsam Walter Hamilton Candler 153 A Question in Theology 15^ The Judgment Day..._ _ _ _ i-a FICTION
The Deception _ EUca H. Nelson i =55 Betty and the Baritone Dorothy Douglas 158 Lieutenant Beeks—Convert _ ....Grace Kerriqan 160 The Down and Outer John Philip Orth 162 Henry Groves Connor, LL.D.
Judge United States Court, Eastern District, Xortli Caro'.ina •
Y = L A STORIES OF PICTURESQUE NORTH CAROLINA
The People s Magazi Fie
Vol. I OCTOBER No. 4
Entered AS Second -Clas S ;\rATTEI! AT THE PoSTOl-FTCE AT Charlotte \. c.
• E d 1 t o r i a C O m m e n t
The Philippine Situation The Passing of The Family Pew FEW Americans are more familiar OXE of the holiest memories of with the conditions in the Philippine childhood days is that of the family Islands than Bishop Brent, of the Epis- pew, with father seated at the entrance, copal Church. Recently this dis- mother at the extreme end, and a row of tinguished minister made a statement little faces between, drinking in in appre- ciative silence the majestic notes of Old concerning the situation in and among Hundred or There is a Fountain Filled that people which was exceedingly inter- with Blood, or upturned in reverential esting. In this statement. Bishop Brent attitude to the minister as he discoursed said: on the Words of Life.
"\Miile I sympathize whole-heartedly Promptness to the stroke of the clock with the Filipinos in their aspiration for marked the entrance into church. If self-government, and hope and know the straight-backed pew was uncomfort- that ultimately they shall attain it, the able, there was no outward sign or fidg- time is not yet ripe for its extension to ety jerking of the little body held up- them. Aspiration, to my mind, is much right in military precision. Strict atten- toward the attaining of an object; but it tion was given the sermon, for at dinner
is not all. Aspiration denotes capacity; each child in turn would be called upon but capacity does not mean ability. for the text, and seldom it was that it Until the natives have the ability to gov- was not forthcoming. Later in the day ern themselves, they must remain under the Ten Commandments and the Shorter our tutelage. In the solution of the Catechism would form a part of the Philippine problem many factors enter. program.
One is education, the work we are do- It was beautiful in that day and time ing in the schools. A second is the spread tc witness unbroken families sharing the of the English language among the family pew. But times have changed— natives, the factor of common speech the family pew seems to have passed into and common understanding. A third, in innocuous desuetude in the majority of which I trust in all these difficulties and the churches. Rare indeed are the in- problems, is the doctrine of Christ, stances where the sanctity of the family
which is more potent than all states- pew has been preserved. Today two
manship, which is the ultimate solution lonely old figures are more than often of this great problem." the sole occupants of the pew where 88 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE once a happy family sat united. The uses annually no less than six hundred absence of the sons of the present gen- monkeys, four hundred dogs, one hun- eration is especially noticeable, and in dred horses, one hundred cats, twenty- many cases the presence of the daughters five thousand guinea pigs, fifteen hundred h as rare. In many of the summer rabbits, ten thousand rats, twenty thou- resort towns the fact is particularly sand mice, three hundred pigeons, sixty apparent. The Sunday newspaper, the goats, and fifty pigs in making its serum; automobile, the dissipations incident to but the death rate from hydrophobia in the vacation season to say nothing of the France is annually increasing, while in damning tendency to materialism, in nine England, where only preventive meas- cases out of ten may be ascribed as the ures are used, hydrophobia has been reasons for this absence. After the late practically stamped out. What is true
hours of the past week, it is ten times with regard to hydrophobia is true also more comfortable to loll in an easy chair with regard to the licjuor traffic. "An
Sunday morning and entertain one's self ounce of prevention is worth a pound with the sportsman's page or the society of cure." column of the Sunday newspaper, or, mayhap, go for a spin in the Park, than Planning for the Convention to sit an hour or so on a sultry morn- next national con\-ention of the ing listening to a dry dissertation on the THE Anti-Saloon League of America is ]\.i'0saic Law, the Exodus from Egypt, t(j be held at Columbus, Ohio, November or some other humdrum subject. Espe- 10 to 13 of the current 3'ear. This will cially is this true where one's ideas of be the twentieth anniversary of the church doctrine are not altogether orth- League, and it is proposed to make it an odox or attuned to the divine harmony. occasion of great interest and import- The passing of the family pew has ance the greatest gathering of the been marked with the passing of the — temperance forces ever held in any large family. In the olden time an country. The ambition of the manage- average of anywhere from six to ten nient is for twenty thousand registered bright-faced children filled the family delegates. There is to be representation pew. It is a sad commentary on the fail- from churches, young people's societies, ure of woman's highest mission in life and Sunday schools. It is expected that that many, alas too many, of the church the campaign for nation-wide prohibi- pews of today are childless. tion will be formally launched at this It has been argued that we are living convention. in an advanced age, and under changed conditions. Is it not deplorable, just the same, that our modernized, commercial- Money Made Out of Beans ized ideas have outgrown the sanctity of WHAT do you think of this? One the family pew, is its and passing any of the live farmers says: the less to be regretted? "This year I utilized an acre of sandy ground which otherwise would have
been idle. I hired the men to plant it in Preventing Hydrophobia navy beans. They did that with the corn CIRCULAR sent out by the Vivi- planter. It took them only a short time. A section Investigation League states They also cultivated the acre at the that the Pasteur Institute in Paris alone proper time, and helped me thrash the SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 89 beans in the fall. I paid for this help at Louis has 518,000 church adherents, or the rate of four dollars per day, amount- 7.6 per cent, of the population. ing altogether to six dollars. For the That estimate is based, not on the seed I paid two dollars. actual membership, but on the ''number
"I had, when all gathered in, twenty of souls" in Protestant families as well l)ushels of beans, for which I received as in Catholic families. The statement three dollars per bushel at wholesale, ir- made by the officers of the Church netting me $52.00 for my headwork." Federation, which had charge of the census, that such a basis was used in figuring the Catholic population of St. Making Marked Progress Louis in the Federal church census AVERY impressive exhibit of the taken in 1906. That census gave 208,000 ad\ance now being made against the Catholics and 89.OCO Protestants. liquor forces is that contained in a map The new census, using a similar basis issued by the Anti-Saloon League, show- of estimate for both Catholics and ing the wet and dry territory of the Protestants, gives 275,000 Protestants, United States. Investigations following and 237,000 Roman Catholics. the municipal elections of last April, Xot included in these figures are 4,000 show that of the 2,973,746 square miles Christian Scientists, 1,450 adherents of of territory in the United States the Eastern Catholic churches, 460 i\Ior- saloon is forbidden in 2,132,746 square n^ons, and 5,000 Hebrews. miles. There are thirty-two States in The combined actual membership of which the combined number of saloons Protestant churches is placed at ninety is less than the number in Chicago. A thousand. This figure was multiplied by population of 46,029.750 is now living three to get an estimate of the number under no license, out of a total popu- of children in Protestant families not lation of 91,972,266. Of the 2,856 on the church rolls, but enrolled in the counties in the Li^nited States, over 1,700 Sunday school, or occasional church at- have abolished the saloon. There are tendants. more than five hundred cities having In St. Louis are three hundred a population of five thousand or more, Protestant church buildings, and eighty- and almost two hundred cities having a one Catholic. The total property invest- population of ten thousand or more, in ment is estimated at ten million dollars. which saloons have been abolished. In nine States, with an aggregate popula- Displacing the Lobby tion of almost fifteen million, there is State-wide prohibition. PRESIDENT WILSON'S charge that a "'numerous and insidious lobby" was at work to influence national Leads In Religious Census legislation seems to be justified by some RECENTLY the religious organiza- e.xciting developments. A rather vigor- tions of St. Louis completed a thor- ous probe of lobby conditions is being ough religious census, and the result made by a Senate committee. Some in- shows that St. Louis leads New York, teresting conditions are being brought
Chicago, Philadelphia, Cincinnati, Wash- to light. The latest sensation is the reve- ington, and Kansas City in the proportion lation or confession of Colonel Mulhall, of church adherents to population. St. ex-lobbyist. His expose of the extensive —:; :
90 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE
and expensive lobbying operations of Anent the High Cost of Living of Manufac- the National Association MILLIONS of American people are startling. President turers is next to giving serious consideration to the it opinion that the A\'ilson gives as his problem of a food supply. Many big day of the lobbyist is past. He says columns have been written and printed "The lobby is out of business so far concerning the high cost of living, and a? national legislation is concerned. It many theories have been advanced in the has ceased to embarrass the administra- matter of the cause of the condition, and tion. \\'hen the present investigation many remedies have been proposed. ends, lobbying as a profession will be No apology is necessary when this
classed with the dodo and other things magazine gives a portion of its space to extinct.'' an interesting address delivered recently
b}' ^Ir. Bailey B. Burritt, Director of the Department of Social Welfare of the The Saloon and Insanity New York Association for the Improv- PROHIBITION of the liquor traffic is ing of the Condition of the Poor. Others an interesting question, and is under have suggested similar solutions of the discussion throughout the entire country. problem of food supply, and many of The liquor problem touches humanity the officials of the larger municipalities in more than one particular. In a recent are seriously planning for more efficiency issue of one of the papers, a writer gives in methods of marketing and more the following statement of the relation economy in the expense of the distribu- of the saloon to insanity. The figures tion. awaken interest, and it is noticeable that Dr. Burritt, in his discussion, advo- prohibition States stand in the better cated the idea that somewhere in the light. machinery of every city there should be Nevada has one saloon to 53 people; a bureau devoted entirely to the problem one insane to every 316. of sectiring wholesome food at a mini- California has one saloon to 53 people; mum cost. It is suggested also that the one insane to every 356. present difficulty lies in the fact that AVisconsin has one saloon to 210 peo- most of the cities are giving little atten- ple; one insane to every 376. tion to this important matter. It is a Michigan has one saloon to 318 peo- self-evident fact that every community ple; one insane to every 419. has its peculiar and personal problems, Illinois has one saloon to 235 people; but if these problems are worth con- one insane to every 437. sideration in any sense every suggestion Ohio has one saloon to 373 people looking toward a solution should receive one insane to every 449. reasonable thought. In his discussion
Maine has no saloons ; one insane to of the idea. Dr. Burritt said every 590. ''This bureau should be charged with
Oklahoma has no saloons ; one insane the duty of studying marketing and other to every 1,494. problems of its own city, and of map- Taking Maine, Kansas, North Dakota, ping out and pursuing a policy of dealing
Alabama, Georgia, Oklahoma, and with the problem. It should be a medium North Carolina—the prohibition States of publicity with regard to crops, prices, together, they have one insane for every and other facts relating to food supplies. 873 people. It should issue, as suggested by Borough SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 91
President Miller, daily or weekly reports cent, more in cost than the same goods showing the quantity of each foodstuff in bulk. Substitutes for expensive foods used and the prices at which they were should be described, and their relative sold. It should constantly be on the values as food supplies accurately given. lookout for means of reducing the cost An intelligent direction of such a bureau of distribution of food. Wherever pos- of information and public education, de- sible, it should facilitate bringing the voting its eff'orts to educating the citizens producer and the consumer into direct of each city with regard to food supplies contact. \Miere this is impossible, it and the best methods of purchasing, should endeavor to reduce to a minimum could go far in attacking this problem. It is becoming increasingly clear that the the intermediary steps between the con- consumer is one of the most wasteful sumer and the producer. This bureau and extravagant factors in the problem might also well be charged with the duty, of the high cost of living, and this can not only of inspecting weights and meas- only be remedied by a painstaking pro- ures, but also of checking up the pur- cess of public education. chases of its citizens, to ascertain the facts with regard to short weight, short This education might well include also measures, or deceptive quality. information with regard to the present sources of waste, in order that the co- "In addition to the problem of reduc- operation of the consumer be se- ing the cost of the distribution of food, may cured in eliminating these wastes. For thus making it possible to get it to the example, it should be driven home to consumer at a cheaper rate, there is the every house that a very appreciable part further problem of making food, pur- of the cost of food is made necessary chased by the consumer, go further. because the fact that people This requires education, and one of the of so many are given credit, and do not pay their functions of a municipality should, in bills. This loss, obviously, has to be my judgment, be continuous efforts to added to the price of food to the con- educate the consuming public in regard sumer the bills. habit to food supply problems. This would who does pay The of giving credit without the payment of mean constant effort on the part of the any deposit is widespread, and is an ap- city to tell the public the value of preciable factor in raising the cost of different kinds of food. Meat bills, for food. This loss can be eliminated only example, could be very generally re- by the co-operation of the consumer, and duced, provided the consumer could be no other agency is in as strong a posi- shown more directly the relative nutritive tion as the municipality to take the ini- values of the cheaper and more inex- tiative in bringing about this co-opera- pensive cuts of meat. Similarly with tion on the part of the public. other foods, it would be a move in the direction of cheaper food if the public "Similarly, the public should realize were informed of the relative values of more fully than it now does the actual various foods on the market. Informa- additional cost of delivery. The average tion with regard to the relative advan- consumer does not realize, for example, tages of buying cereals and other foods that from ten to fifteen per cent., as 'loose or put up in packages should be stated by President Miller, of the cost made general. It should be pointed out of his food is due to delivery alone. that package goods average forty per Here again, in the average store, the :
92 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE
' consumer who wishes to save this fifteen " Observations of a Workingman per cent, by taking home his own pack- VIEW of the unhappy incidents re- IN ages, is unable to do so because our ported some little while ago from retail business is organized on the basis West Virginia, and more recent events in of charging all the customers alike for some other sections, where employees delivery. In addition, there is little real- and employers have differed, and where ization of the additional cost to the con- saddening occurrences have been re- sumer because of such frequent deliver- ported, the comments made by Mr. ies as are maintained in most retail Charles Stelzle, in an article entitled stores. A little planning on the part of "Observations of a \\'orkingman," and the consumer so that the ordering for published in the Nezvark Evening N'ezvs, each day could be done at once, making are worthy of consideration. only one, or at most two, deliveries a day Mr. Stelzle suggests several ideas that necessary, would result in substantial are the product of good common sense, saving. Here again, no agency is in a and thoughtful men are very apt to agree position to do as effective work in se- with him, at least in the main. In the curing a social realization of this fact on article mentioned, he said the part of the citizens of any given com- "I don't believe that one-half of the munity as some bureau or branch of the deviltry that comes from the bosses' side municipality itself. in the labor fight can be traced back to In a recent report issued by the Com- the bosses themselves The mittee on Markets, Prices, and Costs, of fellows who hatch these things are the the New York Food Investigation Com- .sharp lawyers who have gotten fat jobs aF 'secretaries' mission, it is pointed out that from forty of employers' organiza- tions U) forty-five per cent, is added to the These business agents wholesale cost of food as the cost of re- of the bosses have a fashion of calling tail distribution The only pos- secret conferences of frightened em- sible way to cut down this forty-five per ployers of labor, and then, with much mystery, and confidential cent, is to make it possible to eliminate many whis- some of the steps now necessary in get- pers, they go through the motions. When ting foods from the producer to the con- they get the bosses into the proper hyp- sumer. notic condition, their poor victims are ready to cough up millions of dollars 'to "The provision of adequate wholesale fight this demon of the industrial world terminal facilities will accomplish much. —the professional labor agitator.' Add to this adecjuate provision for de- "It's amazing the way the bosses fall livering food in carload lots at different into the trap. I'll confess that there are terminals throughout the city, and con- times when some labor unions should be siderable saving can undoubtedly be ef- fought to a finish. If I were a boss, I fected." lather think I'd feel like putting them If the publication of these ideas, as out of business when, for instance, they given by Dr. Burritt, shall lead to town get into a rank jurisdictional fight, which and city planning for the better market- works the very mischief with all the ing of foodstuff's, and reduction of the trades concerned, or when they make de- cost of the handling, the purpose in the mands which are simply ridiculous. mind of this magazine shall have been "But, in the first place, you can't put realized. the labor union out of business. It is SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 93 simply a question as to whether it is go- of the last fifty years, we are now getting ing to be a good unionism or a bad union- as a reasonable sequence the most extra- ism. And yet thousands of employers ordinary social and political changes the are being fooled by the vain hope that if world has ever seen. The control of the they can throw out the labor union they world's political and social power, and will have solved the labor question. If the redistribution of the world's it isn't the labor union, it will be some- possessions and opportunities, are be- thing else—probably something worse. ing fought for in every civilized "Furthermore, it's up to the employers country As a result, the to help improve the labor union. They power of the world is coming into the have a responsibility in this matter hands of the masses, into the hands of which they can't evade. The bosses our employees. Our employees out- simply can't go on prospering unless we number us fifty or a hundred to one, and prosper with them. Either our interests therefore this new power of the masses are mutual, or else they aren't. If they would portend loss of power to us were
>are, then we'd both better find it out, ano it not for the fact that this new power work more like partners. If they aren't, of the masses must, in turn, also have then we'll act accordingly. Most work- leadership. A mass without leadership ingmen and most employers believe that is a mob doomed to defeat, and the busi- they are, and the wise men on both sides ness men are the natural leaders of the are doing their best to make trade union- new power It will be found ism just what it should be. But you that all the principal things that our never can improve the labor union by businesses need, the masses of our em- hiring a crew of trouble-makers who are ployees need also. Good housing, good simply looking for soft snaps, and who transportation, good recreation facili- for the most part, are about as unscru- ties, good education that really fits men pulous as they insist the professional for their life's work and for their living, labor leader is.' v^ell go\erned cities, justice and security for property—these are the things our employees need most, and these are the Interesting Some Statements things our businesses need most if they VERY interesting were many of the are not to be taken over by our govern- remarks made by Mr. Edward ments at the behest of the masses of our A. Filene, of Boston, one of the employees, or if they are not to be speakers at the dinner given the Ameri- stopped or killed by the constant friction and strikes that are always present when can Chamber of Commerce, on Tuly 4, in Paris, France. The speaker em- our employees are badly housed, or badlv phasized the importance of the local or- prepared for life, or badly recreated ganizations of business men into Cham- after their work. These are the things bers of Commerce. The following ex- they will use their new greater power to
: will cerpt from that splendid address is well get and to get them, they use us as worth reading, and it will be well to leaders, as soon as they recognize that think seriously of the thought suggested. our enlightened self-interest wants these "After the greatest and most rapid things too. commercial and industrial changes that "I look forward to great improvement the world has ever seen, the history of in organization of business men locally, which is almost wholly included in that and the general adoption and enlarge- 94 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE ment of the principles that have made This estimate is based upon the work of for the greatest success of the well- the year 1912. In addition to the benefit organized Chambers of Commerce of which will be enjoyed by the men who our country; namely, that it is good are actually engaged in progressive business to concentrate the business in- methods, the influence on the communi- terests in every city into one strong ties in which they live will be of marked democratic organization, and that, thus value. In the year 1912, Texas reported concentrated, they shall be foremost in five thousand farmers as registered in helping forward the civic and social the model work, and the results of that progress of their city and its citizens with season were deeply interesting. The the same degree of interest as they help total cotton crop of Texas for 1912 was its commercial and industrial progress." 4,850,000 bales, and the total acreage is given as 10,927,000 in cotton cultivation.
From these figures it is seen that the Worthily Bestowed cotton production of the Empire State appointment of Air. William W. TFIE for the year 1912 was eleven twenty- Ball as fEditor-in-Chief of The fifths of a bale to the acre, the highest Columbia State, during the indefinite production per acre in many years. If, absence of Editor William E. Gonzales, however, the Texas cotton planters had the ]\Iinister to Cuba, is an honor that is made the same average per acre as was worthily bestowed. made by the five thousand men who were Ripe in culture and scholarship, thor- entered in the Industrial Congress con- oughly versed in the history and tradi- tests, the total cotton production of the tions of the State, fortified with an ex- State would have passed the eleven mil- tended and varied professional expe- lion mark. On the other hand, with the rience embracing the entire gamut of the same intensive fanning methods, the training of the journalists of the older Texas cotton planters could have cut school, from a country weekly to posi- their acreage in half and produced the tions of editorial trust on some of the same total crop. This process of reason- bigger and more prominent of the daily ing can be applied to all other crops, and newspapers, Mr. Ball comes to the post there is no reason why other States can- well-equipped for its duties and respon- not profit by the success of the contest- sibilities. ants in intensive farming. The results Mr. Ball will gracefully take the place of these contests have proven that Texas of the masterful editor, and The State farmers can easily produce double crops will continue to hold a front place in the from the same acreage. New South.
Intensive Farming Caring for the Fatherless DURING the months of the early ELSEWHERE in this issue, Rev. M. spring, nearly ten thousand farm- L. Kesler presents an article giving ers, representing nearly every county in his views on the orphanage work in the State of Texas, registered as con- North Carolina. 'Sir. Kesler is recog- testants in model farm work. Compe- nized as an authority, and his opinion tent authorities estimate that these ten has been eagerly sought by orphanage thousand farmers will increase the acre workers in other States. During his production at least one hundred per cent. vears at the head of the Thomasville — :
SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 95
Orphanage, he has proven the wisdom A Plea for Better Babies in of his plans, and has achieved marked the Factories success. THE campaign for "Better Babies'' The Thomasville Orphanage recently seems to be gaining momentum, and closed its fiscal year, and the report of a*^ the same time is attracting considerable the institution was of deep interest. attention. Hundreds of baby shows are ^^'ith nearly four hundred children being held throughout the United States, clothed and fed for the twelve months, and the standard of excellence is phy- the average cost for each child was sical condition rather than beauty. Not $8.52',-2 per month. For the year, the in- long ago a baby show of this character stitution spent $10,189.47 for groceries, was held in Knoxville, Tenn., and from and $1,700.28 for dry goods. The total an article written concerning the event expense for the year amounted to $41,- is taken this extract 366.61, but the products raised on the "Another dramatic feature of the pro- farm of the institution, and sold, reduced gram was the award of a special prize this amount several hundred dollars. to Fanny Slusser—a $2.50 gold piece. The gross income of the dairy farm Fanny was the first baby entered in the amounted to $3,501.86, and the net contest, and she was brought by Miss profit of this department was $485.86. Clara Graves, head worker at the Neigh- During the year, the institution received borhood Cottage, a settlement house in $74,042.99, and the assets, including en- Knoxville's factory district. dowment funds, amount to $273,692.75. "Fanny's mother is a typical factory Mr. Kesler, the general manager, will worker, who stood at her machine until during this next season abandon the almost the day of her baby's birth. She policy of general farm crops, and adopt returned to it directly nature would per- diversified interests. It is believed that mit. So Fannv was raised by the settle- this will result in a larger profit from ment workers on artificial food, \^'hen the farm department. In addition to the Miss Graves suggested entering the little dairy and farm, the institution has a girl in the contest, the mother protested model printing establishment, issues one that it would be no use. But Fanny of the best weekly papers in the State stood a splendid test, having just one Charitv and Children, edited by Mr. defect— a small growth of adenoids."
Archibald Johnson ; and has an indus- This incident is of speciah interest in trial school building beside the regular view of the fact that the successful win- educational features. ner of the prize for the "best baby" was a factory Thomasville Orphanage, standing at worker.
the head of the list of such institutions It would seem reasonable to suppose
in the State, has during its more than that, in keeping with the present for-
twenty-five years made a record for effi- ward movement for the betterment of
cient work which is attracting the atten- conditions in the life of the factory tion of humanitarians in every section, worker, the attention that is being paid and the institution grows in power and hygiene, sanitation, domestic science, successful work with every year. Be- proper ventilation, the moral, mental,
cause of the value of the opinion of ]\Ir. and physical well-being of the worker, Kesler, he was urged to write the article an appreciable increase in the "better" which appears in this issue. babies will soon be the result. 96 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE
Of recent years a wonderful change "home,"' she now has a neat, attractive has come about in the life of the factory cottage, with a garden, a plot of green mother. It was not so long ago that grass and flowers. The prospect around little time or thought was given to the her is pleasing; her eyes rest gratefully conditions surrounding her and the life upon the cool grass, the bright flowers; of the child-to-be. It was oftentimes at the end of the day's work, her her lot to work long hours in dirty, im- thoughts become diverted from the properly-ventilated rooms. Nor were the mechanical operation of the mill machin- weariness incident thereupon, the gray ery; she is at once cheered and rested. monotony of her surroundings, the lint If her mind demands mental recreation, and foul air she imbibed, conducive to she can go to the librarj' or reading- the well-being of her child. At the end room, and from the papers, magazines, of her day's or night's work, she sought and books get an intelligent idea of what her ill-conditioned makeshift of a hom.e, the big world outside is doing. Because worn with exhaustion. In nine cases of this humane effort on the part of the out of ten, her diet was heavy, greasy, factory owners to better the life con- unwholesome; her home unkempt and ditions of the mother, the little one un- unsanitary ; the premises barren ; nothing born is benefited as well, and when its restful or pleasantly diverting to her eyes at last open to the light of day it aching eyes. There was no cheery lib- will begin life with a tenfold better foun- rary, reading-room, or lyceum to which dation than under the old conditions. she could go for mental recreation. Day There rests with the factory owners after day just the same exacting rou- a grave responsibility—the duty of assist- tine, with nothing to look forward to in ing in giving a fair start in life to the the evenings to brighten or to cheer; no generation of factory children j^et un- mental food to satisfy her craving, if born. ]\Iany of the factory owners are craving there was. In such pitiful envi- measuring up nobly to this God-imposed ronment, what chances had the little-one- duty ; others, as they give a little more to-be to start life fairly? It were sur- thought and consideration to the matter, prising if it were not born a weakling. will do so.
It is deeply gratifying to note that in With the introduction of the study of a large percentage of the mills in the eugenics in the schools, it is safe to pre- State a very decided change in these dict that the factory niother-that-is-to-be conditions has come about in recent will receive still greater enlightenment, years. In some, conditions were favor- and in the not distant future the stand- able from the start. In others, there is ard of babyhood in the factory will be still room for improvement. raised much higher than it now is. Give The poisonous public drinking-cup has the factory mother a chance; lend her been supplanted by the sanitary drinking every assistance in the making of the fountain ; the factory ceilings are high, "better" baby. Help to give the little
air is and the pure ; disinfectants are in one a fair chance at the hazardous game evidence ; and a very perceptible dimuni- of life, and at the same time dis- tion in the ratio of disease has been the charge a duty to the State to which the result. Instead of the former dreary un- little one will ultimately answer for its painted habitat the factor)- mother called deeds or misdeeds. SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 97
" " and Collegiate Institute. After descant- Himrod ! Reverend James
Lattimore Himrod ! ing loquaciously upon his noble efforts AFTER posing as a minister of the in behalf of the college he was found- gospel, president of a college, a ing, and the ultimate realization of 'the government agent, and in various other dream so near to his heart," the "Rev- roles, the brief but spectacular career of erend" James Lattimore Himrod made the "Reverend" James Lattimore Him- known his desire to carry a tremend- rod ended abruptly in Asheville recently. ously heavy advertising contract with The passing of worthless checks on some Sky-Land in the future, and then sud- of Asheville's best business men brought denly, all too suddenly, broke away from about the culmination and downfall of the subject, and in a rapid-fire request the confidence man's cleverly conceived asked the loan of a certain sum of but badly executed plans. Though fail- money, which request was politely but ing to make good in the role of minister summarily declined. Not in the least 01 college president, the "Reverend" abashed, the "Reverend" Mr. Himrod James Lattimore Himrod at last accept- then urged that he be permitted to give ably fills the role of government agent, in exchange for one' of Sky-Land's having been appointed by certain Court checks a "personal" check of his own, dignitaries to assist in the upkeep of the which would "promptly be honored by county roads for a period of six months. the Central Bank of Asheville.'' But While shoveling dirt is not as dignified somehow the roving, furtive eye, or gentlemanly a calling as discoursing with the hunted look of "Wanted from the Word, or dispensing knovi'ledge in several States' stamped upon its from the college platform, this form of retina; the dissolute lines in the face; the exertion will doubtless prove very bene- dust-covered shoes; the soiled and ficial to the physical and moral well-being crumpled collar, hinting hopelessly of of the "Reverend"' Mr. Himrod, and will o\ertime duty and a powerful hankering do away with the necessity of the usual
for the washtub ; the nervous laugh, not forms of athletics prescribed by colleges. unlike the rasp of a rusty saw on a barbed According to the Court's decree, the wire fence, did not inspire confidence, "Reverend" Mr. Himrod is to undergo a and the request though imploringly made splendid system of training on a diet of again met with polite refusal. Two cornbread and bacon, which, at the ex- days later, the morning papers brought piration of his term, will doubtless put word of the arrest and incarceration of him in line with other champion light- the weights. "Reverend'' James Lattimore Him- rod, erstwhile preacher, college president, LTnder the guise of a minister of the government agent, and whatnot, for the gospel, this wily confidence man secured, passing of worthless checks. Sad to through correspondence, free space in the relate, he had awaked to find "the dream last number of Sky-Land for editorial so near to his heart" turned into a hid- mention and a write-up of The Whittier eous nightmare behind the grating of an Agricultural and Collegiate Institute, of Asheville jail. which he claimed to be president. Two days before his arrest, he en- For the presence of the "Reverend" tered the office of Sky-Land, and with James Lattimore Himrod in the August much eclat introduced himself as the number of Sky-Land, the editor pro- president of the Whittier Agricultural foundly apologizes. 98 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE
A Blow at Stock Gambling placed them beyond the pale of respect- FARMERS organizations throughout able society and denied them the right to the country have insisted upon the that admiration, chivalry, and homage of suppression of gambling in futures on men which was once graciously accorded products of the soil, and upon the ground the eternally(?) feminine. It is all- that the boards of trade in the centers sufffcient to traverse the length of a fash- have controlled the prices of farm prod- ionable promenade in a resort town, and ucts through manipulation of the watch the scantily clad women in their market. In view of this statement, efforts to attract attention, to bring forth n-iany will rejoice at the possibility that the c[uestion with the force of a bomb- a majority of the members of the Senate astic explosive. are committed to legislation to place a From away back in the beginning of prohibitiAe tax on gambling in futures things, dating from the hour when on products of the soil. An amendment Dame Fashion opened the styles with to the income tax section of the tariff the introduction of a figleaf apron, there bill has been offered in the Senate, plac- have been all kinds of dressing—a little ing a tax of ten per cent, on this form sane dressing, more insane dressing; of stock and product gambling, and the some spectacular dressing, picturesque indications are that it will become a part dressing, dowdy, shoddy, dapper, neat, of the law. There is little doubt about scant, and voluminous dressing; all kinds the House approving this amendment, as of dressing, in reality, from the quaint it has been favorable to such legislation poke bonnet and hoopskirt to the slit skirt for some time. of the present ; and it is the latter which this editorial would denounce in no un- certain language. Disgraceful and Making a Record
scandalous to a degree ! And yet women newly-installed governor of THE who lay claim to certain social prestige Arkansas is the fifth chief execu- appear on the streets in this scant and tive that commonwealth has enjoyed vulgar apparel, and have the audacity since the beginning of the current year. to still call themselves ladies. Commen- One's term expired, another was sent to dable was the action of that policeman the Senate, and various things happened in Knoxville, Tenn., who had the to the rest. One advantage of this sit- courage to courteously but firmly insist uation is that it materially increases the that a certain well-known society girl number of citizens entitled to be ad- who appeared on the streets in a slit dressed by their admiring friends as skirt, her pedal extremities exposed to "governor,'' the "ex" being too cumber- the public gaze, must go home and take some for ordinary use. off her "immoral" clothing, or else be locked up, even though she angrily pro- The Slit Skirt tested that her social position was such WHAT are women coming to, any- that he had no right to interfere. way? \A'e blush for our sex at No woman who lays claims to the first the mere utterance of the question. We principles of modesty, refinement, and blush still more that the conduct of we believe we are not putting it too women has made the question necessary. strongly when we say virtue, will appear It is not needful that we rehearse the in a slit skirt. That woman who dons savage acts of the militants, which have a decollette waist and slit skirt, minus SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 99 the necessary under apparel to render gate are provided with sanitary drink- her decent to the public gaze, surely but ing fountains. , .;, unconsciously publishes to the world Mtitinous warfare has also been waged immoral tendencies, deserves the scath- against the public towel, which once un- ing criticism of an injured public, nor consciously served the evil purpose of has any right to feel insulted at the jeers spreading disease and contagion among of bartenders or hack drivers. More- the employees of large concerns, where over, she brings reproach upon her sex, one towel was expected to do duty for men are so prone to place women in the a dozen or perhaps a score of people a. same class, ^^'hen one woman violates day. Sanitary paper napkins, for in- the proprieties in dress, action, or dividual use, are now placed in the reach speech, it is to destroy the confidence of of the employees by many large con- men in womanly purity in general. cerns, having taken the place of the dis-
Where, pray, is the old-fashioned, ease-spreading towel of former days, _^. modestly-clad girl, with the Madonna- These wise and beneficent devices for like face, whose blush was sweet to be- the prevention of the spread of disease hold, and whom all men reverenced ? mark an epoch in the country's progress She has passed, methinks, into the good- for the abolishment of disease and the night of long ago. conservation of the health o'f the masses A\'hat are women coming to, anyway? second in importance to the anti-fly and mosquito crusades. Unsanitary Pies It would seem strange that while so FOR years past a great hue and cry much time and thought have been given has been raised against the un- these important matters, one unmitigated sanitary public drinking cup. It required e\'il seems to have escaped public atten- several years of microbe talking to tion —namely, the unsanitary pie. arouse the public to an intelligent real- While the "Swat-the-fly" movement ization of the danger that lurked in the has done much in many places to elimi- public drinking cup. Even while the nate the pest, the fact remains that the press was vigorously denouncing it, fly is still with us, and will continue with mothers who appeared intelligent in other us for some time to come. It will re- respects might be seen any day on board quire years of concerted effort and edu- trains or in public places appeasing the cating of the masses before America will thirst of their little ones by holding to become a flyless country, if ever. their unsuspecting lips that disease-trans- Unlike the average human parent, the mitting agent, the public drinking cup. fly has a pronounced liking for large
Fortunately the custom has been to a families. The result is that billions of great extent abolished, and only a minor- flies are yearly hatched from the larvae ity of the ignorant and uneducated still of this dangerous little insect, and the adhere to the baneful practice of drink- Stupendousness of the task of eradicating
ing from the public drinking cup. The the troublesome nuisance is well-nigh
sanitary paper cup is now provided on appalling, especially in view of the fact many of the trains, in waiting-rooms, that the ignorant and vicious are ever department stores, offices, and other ready to throw cold water in the face of public places. Many of the schools, every intelligent effort for thepublic good. public thoroughfares, factories, and Only by educating this class to a sense places where people are prone to congre- of their immediate, personal danger, and lOO SKY-LAND. MAGAZINE by tactfully enlisting their co-operation, the crust of the pie while he sates his can the victory ultimately be won. greedy appetite with its toothsome sweet- Whether you have stopped to think ness, and yet the hungry, unsuspecting about it or not, flies are very manlike passenger, in his haste to appease his in many of their habits and proclivities hunger, nine cases out of ten does not
-— for instance, their persistence in get- realize, or thoughtlessly does not con- ting what they are after, and then stick- sider, that he may be sounding his own ing to it. Their fondness for sweets is death knell with one mouthful of that another manlike characteristic. g€rm-laden pie. There is no knowing Flics and pies may be said to be almost how long these pies may have been ex- synonomous. Whoever saw a pie left posed to the invasion of the fly before exposed from cover for ever so short a they were put on sale, and thus the dan- time that was not the recipient of a visit ger is rendered doubly great. of from one to a dozen or more flies ? There should be an ordinance in every Watch from a car window, a second or town compelling the screening of pies more, a food vender with his tray of and all other food on sale in restau- meat sandwiches and pies ; direct your rants, at railroad stations, and in other attention principally to the pies, as it is public places. to the latter tempting viand the sweet- toothed fly turns his more ardent atten- tion. Nine cases out of ten the food We Thank You vender is a hot. perspiring negro. As WE, the promoters of Sky-Land, he paces the car length, bearing his tray are profoundly grateful for the aloft and enumerating his viands, the many expressions of encouragement and flies hold high carnival. A second they goodwill which have come to us through rest upon his perspiring countenance, and the press and from individuals, not only upon being menaced by his uplifted hand in North Carolina but in other States. they espy the pies and settle down con- These kind words are inspirational in tentedly to the feast. Occasionally he their influence, and shall incite us to
will lazily shoo them away, but often, greater eft'ort to reach the high standard too often, they are left undisturbed to we have set for the magazine. If some- the enjoyment of their repast, while he times we fall short of your expecta- engages in conversation with a prospec- tions, we crave your forbearance and tive customer or train hand. consideration. We have tremendous When one stops to contemplate the odds to fight, but with your sympathy breeding places of these filthy scaveng- and co-operation we expect to win out ers, contesting with the food vender in the long run. Again, we thank vou. the proprietorship of his pie, the
thought is revolting in the extreme. The
possibility is that the fly has come direct Announcement from the manure heap, his favorite Beginning with this number, the Sky- breeding place, or the sick chamber, L.\ND Magazine will be issued the eighth where he has laden himself with a goodly day of each month, and will be dated one quota of germs. His webby legs are month in advance. sticky with the vile refuse with which
he has come in contact. This he un- The molding of a character is woman's consciously deposits in the filling or on noblest work. SKY-LAND MAGAZINE lOI SPECIAL ARTICLES
A Tour Over the Central Highway By Joseph Hyde Pratt
THE automobile trip over the Central money with which to properly construct Highway, from the Tennessee line their link, except one township in Burke to Morehead City, was made, beginning County, Davidson County, and certain July 25, by Mr. H. B. Varner, Chair- links in ^^'ayne and Lenoir Counties.
SCENE IN OEAXGE COUNTY, REACHED VIA THE CENTRAL HIGHWAY man of the Central Highway Committee, Beginning at the Tennessee line, there accompanied by Joseph Hyde Ptati, are two possible routes to Asheville ; one State Geologist. The party was also by way of Haywood County, which can accompanied by members of the Central now be used by automobiles; and one Highway Committee through different through Aladison County. This latter stages of the trip. Mr. G. D. Canfield, county has recently issued bonds for of Morehead City, Trustee for Carteret $300,000, and a special act of the recent County, met the party at Statesville, and Legislature provides for the use of State took them in his car to Morehead City. assist in completing the link It was found that all the counties convicts to
through which the proposed highway is of the Central Highway through this expected to pass have arranged for the county, the work to be superintended by 102 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE
an engineer from the North Carolina County, we strike a snag, for that county Geological and Economic Surrey. In has recently voted down a $300,000 bond issue, taken no means whatever Buncombe County, the road is in good and has for providing funds to construct its link shape. In ]\IcDowell County, bonds have of the Central Highway. The road been issued by three townships—JNIarion, through Guilford and Alamance Counties Nebo, and Old Fort. The link across is in splendid shape, with a good hard the county will undoubtedly be built very surface. Orange County is arranging for soon. Old Fort Township, ]\IcDowell the building of two routes—one via Hills- County, has secured the promise of the boro. and the other via Chapel Hill, con- Governor to allot to them $10,000 of the necting with the good roads of Durham Federal Aid fund, which, together with County. She has the money from a their $20,000, will insure the building bond issue with which to do this. of the road up to Swannanoa Gap. Durham, of course, has good, hard- In Burke County, Morganton Town- surfaced roads, and the route through ship has issued bonds for $50,000, a por- \\'ake has been improved. The links tion of which will undoubtedly be used to through Johnston, \^'ayne, and Lenoir put in good shape the link through that are in pretty fair condition, with the
..\ STRETCH OF THE IKEDELL COUNTY LIXK OF THE CEXTR.-XL HIGHW.-W
township. It is hoped that the other exception of certain stretches in Wayne townships through which the road will and Lenoir Counties. In Craven County,
pass in this county will speedily provide there is a stretch of about three miles
means for improving their links. New- of swamp road, which is in very bad ton and Hickory Townships, in Catawba condition. This county, however, has
County, are building a first-class sand- agreed to start at the Carteret County clay road, which connects with the line, work toward Newbern, and elimi-
splendid top soil roads in Iredell County, nate the worst part of the highway in recently constructed under their bond that county.
issue. Iredell has also built a splendid With the exception of one county and bridge across the Catawba River, at a few townships, some of the worst links Buffalo Shoals. The road from States- of road encountered were found within ville to the bridge is as fine as any piece incorporated towns, and it has become of sand-clay road in the country. a debatable question whether it is not ^^'ith the exception of two miles. better in these through highways to have Rowan County has both links of the Cen- them skirt the towns instead of going tral Highway completed to the Iredell through their center. If they do skirt County line. In crossing Davidson the towns, the county can build the road, SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 103 and there will be no bad links anywhere ground for hope that this will eventually along the line. become not only a great State highway,
On the whole, it may be said that while well built and maintained throughout its the Central Highway of North Carolina entire length, but that it will finally form has not begun to reach the finished stage an important link in a great transcon- to which w€ all hope it will attain in the tinental highway, and which will lead near future, still, within the past year, in the end not only to a closer bond be- it has been greatly improved, and many tween the counties of the State, but also counties and townships along the route to easier communication between our have made an effort to permanently im- State and other States to the west and prove their portions of it. There is good south of us.
Orphanage Work in North Carolina
By M. L. Kesler
thirty-eight years ago, this successfully, each ABOUT J. H. To do work Mills was instrumental in founding orphanage would need an organization the Masonic Orphanage at Oxford. Ten of practically the same character as the
:years later, he became general manager Children's Home Society. So far, it has of the Thomasville Baptist Orphanage. been found very difficult to combine the His was the work of the seer and pion- itwo methods in the same institution. eer, laying foundations upon which all The home is the place where children others might build. Since then, nearly tehould grow. No one denies this. every Christian denomination in the State But it is also true that, when the home has its orphanage; the Oddfellows and is crushed, it can never be perfectly re- the Pythians have similar institutions, built. There is always this difficulty and other Orders are planning to follow in placing the child after he has passed their lead. the period of infancy. He knows that in the adopted home the father and There are between fifteen and eighteen mother are not his father and mother, hundred children in all these institutions. and that the brothers and sisters are not
The North Carolina Children's Home his brothers and sisters ; and, on the other
Society is doing a similar work by find- hand, all the family know that the child ing the homeless child and the childless is not of their blood—know that he is an home and bringing them together. There alien there by their sufferance. \\"hen are probably eight thousand children in the infant, or very young child, is placed our State who should be cared for by ir a childless home, welcomed there by these institutions, and would be but for the mother and the father heart, the the lack of room. case is altosfether different. Valuable suggestions come to us from other quarters, but our own people must I do not hesitate in saying this is the work out the methods best suited to our best possible thing to do for this child, conditions. It is evident that the Orphan- if the man and woman are worthy. In ages are getting farther and farther the South, we are not far enough re- from the placing-out system as a part of moved from slavery times for the plac- their work. ing out of the larger child to work well. "
104 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE
The servant question is far from being tunities, without any exception whatso- settled. The very woman who wants a ever. You do not agree with this?
girl to be "as one of the family" refers Your daughter is made of better stuff
to her as her "house girl" when her com- than this "house girl?" Just what I ex-
A^ • . " - ^MHS «BB%- "-' t'«^l I. =i i --Tf^'i n:M^'^.^m^ ^^ 'v^S^ J^^B : '^ "" '"^^^^^yK0S^ ^^^^i:^^ 'S^&J ^^^H^'' ^^^l^^^Hj^^^^HiP^r ' ''^S^^v'^^^^^^^^'''-
i^^^^^F' ^^^^^Bbmk^--~^'^'jP«^^PIim^^^^^^^B9
,^ -^M \^^ ' '^ is& .^^^^^^^B^'^^^^VVP^- .^"V" ".?'; ^^^^^^^^^E sk .^KPi f^SfiSflv ^^^^B^^K^^^JlHiiKSi^^^^si ^.^r..-- ir^ ^ _ .' •< ^w 'V -.' 'r-.,'^:.^#:: 1 5."'' '
^ ;i^~.-:. B^^^^rai^r^i . : kw:^k:- t°^^« -/•: !* 1 B^. -.'!' .':'-:I^HH ^'''^:-'' '^^Jtfi SBI ^- vV- - " -. r'-^^- : •^^JSSfKff 1
•^' -"• -r 'it S^t'^iiiiii -'/'S "-*" .'- '#^ ' ^m •i, * .1 j>^'^> X ,.^;>-;' ?5i!aKy-j;s;
', ''- .'^' ^ ^ "^^ - tfi* ' ^ ^MCl^ - ^HBHw> -'''^-' Sfc^-, 'i'' ,^&:^!^HIb J^Hwt -^ ''^ ' m^. V > S^H^^H ^^^^ ^ y-v\-i^jr^^^sL.-r=:' *"i^ ';*.' ''^BS^y flH^^^-' .'^ ,- , r-* J, -; ' HHiMSfi^l^^^Si^E.«'dBEiSiuHflH1( ' fcLAhJ^^^^~~~'^^E - -'ri^^-jS^ w;.;^."^- ' - ' B^flasF^^MaBfe -'^ .^^iilil - -^ •';^5^m S^^^--' l^w^ S^^ A^-^9^^^^ ^ vis - .'I^HE [. jy^^K.- ' ISb^^HE^ .1^' ^1^1^ iiS^^ - >^^IbB 'T ^^^-^ ^ ^^iTT-^^l^^^ .^^-ilHr, : .P Wl g^ppj^^-"^•1 ^^«^ -'^:^-:^^rs i..." ::
pany calls. She ought to work, to be pected, exactly ; and this furnishes the
sure; yes, and for exactly the same proof that the placing-out system falls reason that the woman's own daughter far short in its practical application at should work. If the child is to be "as the present stage of our civilization. one of the family,'' let it be so in deed The above case is not confined to ex- and in truth, in privileges and in oppor- slaveholders by any means. The un- SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 105 cultured, recently rich, who were ser- agency for the prevention of a cruel vants themselves only a little while ago, social loss, the tragedy of blasted child- can utter "my servants'' and "my house hood. girl'' with an accent that is peculiar. If these are to be servants, let them be so A JJ'ord of learning by definite contract, and at a definite price, and not under the guise of "as one The need of this is growing with of the family.'' the intensity of our industrial life. The number falling by the wayside
is increasing. Larger provisions must Christian Orphanage Tlie be made. The work will grow For the great majority of dependent imore and more popular. Many wid- children who have passed infancy, I do owed mothers must be helped by the not hesitate to say, that, under present Orphanage. But the Orphanage must
iN THOiMPSON OKFllA.N'Al.li, C H AKI.l iTTK, . C.
conditions, the best place for them is in never encourage the breaking up of these
a Christian Orphanage, on the cottage little homes, unless it is the only thing
system, equipped for all-round train- left. Too many mothers are ready to ing; where the manual, esthetic, intellec- dump their children on the Orphanage, tual, moral, and religious training are and thus relieve themselves of the bur- correlated in a system of education in its den of their children. In many cases large meaning, preparing boys and girls they marry again. There are cases in for living the largest life of service. which the second husband has worked The charge that the child is "institu- the scheme to relieve himself of the bur- tionalized," or "pressed through a mold," den. cannot be made against this type of could Orphanage. I can say for the Orphanage There are many widows who workers of North Carolina that they are hold their little families together if they working hard at this task, and are bring- had a little help for a few years. The of ing in a new day, when the Orphanage is mother in good health and capable furnishing the best educational oppor- training her children ought to be pen- tunity we have, a saving and constructive sioned or assisted in some way, tiding io6 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE
her over these few years till the all the evils that follow in its train. The
little family is self-supporting. Rela- roar of the market place has not yet tives and the home church shirk this drowned the cry of the child in peril
duty too often, and turn it over to the caught in the wild traffic of the street. already-crowded Orphanage. The child is still in the midst, teaching
Caring for widov^^s is one of the most and touching many a heart to tenderness.
clearly-defined duties set before the Alany men who aire accumulating
•churches. To say they are doing it fortunes are realizing their obligations through the Orphanage is a clever to give largely of their means to Orphan- -dodge. It should never be done in that ages and similar institutions. A grow- -way, except in cases where the mother ing number are not simply providing for if utterly incapable of raising her chil- them in their wills, but are doing the -cliildren is a most hopeful offset to the to break the growing curse of selfishness, mad rush after the almighty dollar and and save us from its blight. The Tobacco Industry THE present month marks the open- with total sales of 23,384,570 pounds; ing of the leaf tobacco season of \\'jlson came second, with 16,229,968 J913. With this fact confronting the pounds, and Greenville handled 15,314,- A PKOSPERUUS-LOOKIXG TOB.^CCO FIELD tobacco farmers and dealers, the reports 054 pounds. Wilson led in the highest for the last season have recently been average price per pound, the price for the made public by the State Agricultural past season having been almost twenty Department. cents per pound. The three largest leaf tobacco markets The total of the forty-five tobacco last season were Winston-Salem, Wilson, markets in the State for the year was and Greenville. Winston-Salem led. 145.015,683 pounds, and this was an in- : SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 107 crease over the preceding year, the total Greensboro i ,922,335 Madison 1,782,423 sale of that period being 115,863,407 Snow Hill 1,663,512 pounds. Warrenton ..._ 1,663,233 Stoneville 1,653,203 The detailed report of the forty-five Apex 1,600,490 markets is as follows Creedmoor i ,571 ,088 Fuquay Springs 1,289,910 Pounds Towns Wendell 1,143,134 Winston-Salem 23,384.570 Burlington 1,095,802 Wilson 16,229,968 Youngs viile 1,025,643 Greenville 15,314,054 Robersonville 1,013,687 Kinston 9.250.174 Fairblu ff 947,522 Rocky Mount 8,019,259 Willianiston 840,979 Oxford 6,994,751 Goldsboro 807,294 Durham 5,986,493 Warsaw 642,441 Reidsville 5,944,897 Wallace 639,801 Henderson 5,796,189 Pilot Mountain 512.400 Farmville 4,694,659 Richlands _ 458,564 Roxboro 4,401,510 Leaks ville 440,390 A FORSYTH COUNTY TOBACCO WAREHOUSE Fairmont 3,131,979 Clinton 385,216 LaGrange 2,623,444 Ayden 378,326 Louisburg 2,554,384 Statesville 297,482 Smithfield 2,440,480 Zebulon 209,749, Mount Airy 2,273,946 Mebane - 1,990,302 Total 145,015,683 No Greater Love Mary Boyle O'Reilly GREATER love hath no man than For thirty years Nellie Connor acted this—that he giveth his life for his as forewoman in the Binghampton Cloth- friend.'' ing Company, balancing the "rights" of By that final test, Nellie Connor, the one hundred needle workers with the heroine of the great Binghampton fac- best interests of the firm. tory fire, where scores of girls perished As time is measured, she lived fifty- in the flames, proved beyond all doubt odd years, but Nellie Connor never grew her long, long affection for "her girls." old. A tiny little woman, hardly larger ! ! io8 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE than a well-grown chila of twelve, she of the terrified workers in the lower unconsciously set fine standards for ten room fled to safety. generations of operators. The cheery answer pierced a wind-like roar. "Her girls" honored her power to con- "Nonsense," called the little fore- trol, rejoiced in her merry kindness, woman. "loved" the unvarying daintiness of her "I am going upstairs .... I must working-gown and the way in which she see that everybody's safe!" dressed her beautiful blonde hair. A momentary sight of the brave, small As the years grew more lonely, Nellie figure climbing the stairs, a glimpse Connor gave more and more of her leis- through the smoke-fog of the bright head ure to church work, and to reading books passing a wind-swept doorway, and of the big, bright world she should never Nellie Connor disappeared into the upper see. But always her deepest interest lay workroom where a hundred women still with "her girls"—their lives, their prob- fought with death lems, their hopes. "I cannot think what I should do with- out them—how I shall leave them," she For her, there was never a chance. would say, smiling. \Vhen the workers in her charge were doomed, she, too, calmly refused life. Without warning, the summons came "I cannot think what I should do with- on clanging gongs. From their posts of 'put my girls—how I should ever leave vantage by the open doors the fore- them," Nellie Connor had said, and, act- woman and the deputy saw that this ually facing death, Nellie Connor still alarm meant fire said it. "Girls, go out quietly," called Nellie Ten of the rescued, dying in the Bing- Connor, standing alert and immovable hampton City Hospital, wept—not for at the second-story stairhead to guide and themselves, but for their "forelady." guard the file. "Nothing you can say of her will be "Miss Connor, come .... Nellie, praise enough," whispered to me the lips dear; come!" cried her deputy, as the last that must soon be silent. An Innovation in Municipal Platforms EARLY last March, the Progressive This committee has held meetings each Party of New York selected a com- week, and finished their work during the mittee of seventy, four of whom were last days of July. Thorough discussion women, and to this committee was given was given each plank, and public meet- the duty of drafting the platform for the ings were held through the wards of the party in the coming municipal election in city for that purpose. Conferences were the metropolis. The method of framing held with various organizations, the the party platform was an innovation, citizens of the city were urged to make &nd the completed document is almost suggestions, and the result is believed to as peculiarly different from previous be representative of the sentiment of the documents of like character. rank and file of those voters who are SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 109 expected to support the anti-Tammany Warfare on high cost of living. ticket the coming fall. Municipal wholesale terminal markets Some of the leading features of this in each borough. unique platform are as follows: Open piers for independent shippers of Thorough-going municipal home rule. ice, etc. Revision of the city charter by the Municipal plants to manufacture ice. city itself. Wholesome lunches for school chil- Direct nomination of city officials, dren at cost prices. without "committee designations" or "or- ganization columns" on the primary bal- Municipal supervision over quality of lot. foods. Separation of municipal and national Constructive efforts to reduce the tax elections. rate. Six-year term for Mayor and mem- Establishment of a department of pur- bers of Board of Estimate, subject to chase. earlier termination of tenure through a Extension of the work of the Bureau recall election, held upon the petition of of Efficiency. fifteen per cent, of the voters. Merit system in the city service. Use of schoolhouses for registration, Administrative reconstruction of the primaries, and elections. Police Department. Effective, continuous public control Utilization of public school gymna- over public service corporations. siums and athletic fields for out-of-school Reduced fares for children of school people. age during hours of travel to and from Development of social centers and school. public forums. Warfare on perpetual franchises. A ocational training and "continua- Vigorous port development under tion schools." strict municipal control. Development of a city plan. Municipalization of water-front facil- Thorough going modernization of the ities. city's correctional system. One-Day Road Building THE recent road building proposition passed through forty-eight townships, in fathered by Col. John T. Patrick, eight counties. The work was accom- when the people living along the line of plished in one day, and the ei¥ort was the Bat Cave-Rutherfordton road gath- known in that section as a "road-build- ered and built a road twenty-two miles ing bee." in one day, attracted Statewide atten- The road commissioner of the Asso- tion. ciation states that while the real work The Lake Huron Good Roads Asso- was accomplished in one day that the ciation up in Michigan has also enjoyed enthusiasm was of several weeks' dura- a "good roads day,'' and they fathered tion. Many men donated the use of an enterprise which meant the building wagons and teams for as much as a week of a road from Bay City to Mackinac. and two weeks. The building of this The distance was 263 miles, and the road stretch of road meant the handlin:T of no SKY-LAND MAGAZINE SKY-LAND iMAGAZINE III more than one hundred and fifty th.oii- tion for that road, which is 263 miles, sand cubic yards of gravely sand, and long, the sum of twenty-five thousand earth, and five thousand men, with two dollars. In order to provide for the thousand women, worked at the business maintenance of the road, the Associa- of road building; and they had the assist- tion has purchased a large number of ance of three thousand teams and the Split-Log or King road drags, and seven hundred and fifty a u t o - the road has been divided into fifty sec- mobiles. It is stated that it will tions, in each of which a farmer will be be onlv necessary to raise bv taxa- paid to drag the road after each rain. Good Road Construction TLIE proper building of good roads same with the heavy wagon, and it will must take into consideration sev- be noticed that the wheels do not track, eral enemies. Heavy traffic too soon the front wheels being a trifle on the up- after rains, automobiles driven at a high hill side of the rear wheel tracks. The •"ate of speed, and wind and water are consequence is that every wheel running tc receive recognition as among the over the road is constantly pushing the greater enemies of permanent roads. surface material toward the ditches, The best road will fail to remain good leaving the center like the ridge of a if the drainage proposition is not looked house. The crown should be such that into carefully. When natural drainage the water will drain off quickly, but not crosses the highway, culverts should be too high and steep. provided, and they should be of ample capacity to handle the water of the pos- In a road with a high crown, it is sible heavy rain. Metal culverts can be noted that when the drags come along, had in all sizes, and at a reasonable price, after the continual pushing of the sur- and are certainly more satisfactory. face soil by wagons and automobiles, the The drainage proposition is one which first round is not started at the ditch, is subject to discussion. Many road but four or five feet away ; and then in builders advocate a high crown, but the time the road has a sag in the side, and one great objection to this is the ten- the appearance is very much that of a dency for every vehicle to run toward the tent roof when the guy ropes are slack. ditches along the side of the road. It is It seems wise to plan for a medium- almost impossible to keep any road in high crown, and better results are sure shape unless the crown shall be at least to be obtained. two feet above the surface of any water that may stand after a heavy rain. An interesting writer on the subject Talking of the height of the crown of good roads sa3's that one of the im- recently, an automobile driver re- portant factors is the width of the road. marked that in driving along a stretch This is certainly true, and in entirely too of road with an excessive high crown many instances road builders are too the driver of the machine is forced to much inclined to build roads much nar- maintain a constant pressure upon the rower than they should be. On the other steering wheel in order to keep the hand, too much width is extravagance, machine out of the ditches. It is the and in this time uf needed roads in ; 112 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE every direction every unnecessary expen- In a discussion of this subject, one of diture should be avoided. It does ap- the leading road builders gave the follow- pear, however, that a roadbed should ing specifications for an ideal road. His be thirty feet in width between the ideas are worth the reading. ditches. The minimum width of twenty- "An ideal road would be constructed four feet should certainly be maintained. thus : Thirty feet between ditches Roads of this width would be easily kept crown, two and one-half feet above bot- in condition, and would be sufficiently tom of ditch ; sub-grade, sand, with the wide for all classes of traffic. top layer one foot thick of a combina- tion of two-thirds gumbo and one-third The upkeep of a good road is as im- gravel, mixed as follows: One layer portant as the first building. Thorough of gumbo, distributed evenly, three organization seems to be important. inches thick, in half-mile stretches; then Every township should provide the one inch gravel, distributed evenly the SOME OF MECKLENBURG COUNTY S GOOD RO.-\DS "split-log drag." These are inexpen- entire length, then the second and third sive, and can be made in any country layer distributed the same way—the crossroads blacksmith shop. The road surface to be thoroughly dragged. The object of placing the materials in thin should be divided into districts, and men layers is to thoroughly incorporate and assigned to each district. Good judg- pack the sand and gumbo, as the work ment must be used in the road-dragging. progresses, by the action of the wagon The soil must be neither too wet nor wheels and horses' hoofs while hauling too dry. It must be dry enough to slide back and forth. along the drag, for a little earth must be "If the road is to be built through low carried along to fill any depressions, or swampy ground, the material would commencing close to the edge of the road be too soggy for a good surface ; then a when filling in toward the center. An coating of gravel could be hauled and authority on road-dragging says that distributed about an inch thick when the every third time the road should be ground is damp after a rain. This would dragged from the center out. soon work in and make a eood surface." ; ; SKY-LAND AlAGAZINE "3 He suggests that all culverts should mobilist, bicyclist, or even pushing a be of cement or iron, and should be well wheelbarrow, should fight for good laid under ground, especially in the hilly roads. country; and concerning grades and "All ditches should have a slope on the ditches the suggestions are also good. outer side as well as the inside. No "The reducing of grades is another im- shoulders should be allowed ; the slope portant factor. All knolls and hills to be one foot vertical to eight feet hori- should be cut down, and valleys filled up, zontal, permitting the running of a mow- even if only for a few inches, for it ing machine to keep the weeds means that much saving in the lifting of down loads. Think of the enormous amount also, there will be less danger from acci- of weight to be lifted foolishly over a dents from horses running to the ditches, hill a few feet high for a term of years, when frightened by automobiles, and and the cost to every farmer ! Every overturning the wagon or buggy on ac- man, whether he be a farmer or auto- count of the shoulders.'' Freight Rate Discrimination By Col. S. A. Jones (Note;—The following excellent address, in this State. It is being said that there delivered by Col. S. A. Jones, at the State is no remedy for this discrimination be- Bankers' Association, held at Asheville a few fore the people of the State of North weeks ago, was received too late for publica- tion in the August number of Sky-Land, and Carolina, that is being perfected for the was held over for this issue. State's relief. I trust to be able to show Colonel Jones' forceful and logical argu- you that there is a safe, sound, and con- ment against Freight Discrimination is worthy servative plan being carried out. the thoughtful consideration of every think- The reason this discrimination pre- ing man and woman in the State, and is hereby cordially commended to Sky-Land's readers, vails, whereby the State is paying fifteen -Ed.) million dollars more per annum to the railroads than the same railroads are 1DEEM it a privilege and an honor that charging our sister States, is because you have granted me the opportunity North Carolina has no rate-basing port. to discuss before you for a few moments Interstate Commission the freight rate question, agitating the The Commerce has indicated to North Carolina that if minds of the people of this State at this she wi'l establish a rate-basing port, they time; as to how to stop the freight rate will direct the railroads crossing this discrimination, estimated to be from State to give to North Carolina the same five to fifteen million dollars per annum prevail in her adjoining sister that the Federal Courts of the Nation rates that States for a similar service. have refused to enjoin the railroads from collecting from the people of this State Of course, you all know a rate-basing in excess of what they are charging for port is established by railroads connect- the same service in our adjoining States. ing with ships at the port, making The amount at this time will be found through rail and water rates, domestic to be nearer fifteen than five million dol- and foreign, incoming and outgoing. lars per annum. It is close to four mil- This State, as you all are aware, has at lion dollars on the coal alone consumed Wilmington and Southport, in the South- 114 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE port harbor and the Cape Fear River, this State to do its part, and without an- what can be made one of the greatest other expensive lawsuit to enforce the ports of commerce, domestic and foreign, remedy when adopted. South of Norfolk on the South Atlantic About forty-odd of us in this city, coast. ^^'aynesville, and other points in Western But the railroads crossing this State, Carolina, for the specific purpose of free- and receiving and delivering about forty ing \\estern Carolina and breaking up mirion dollars of commerce per annum freight-rate discrimination, in 1907 pro- to and from ^^'ilmington, have not cured the charter from Knoxville and deemed it to their interest to make .the Tennessee coalfields to Wilmington through water and rail rates, domestic and Southport. It first provided that the and foreign, from Wilmington. State guarantee four per cent, on the To do that would bring the railroads bonds for cost of construction, but not at once subject to an order from the to assume the slightest responsibility for Interstate Commerce Commission, that a penny of the principal, and in con- would compel them at once to forego an sideration of this guarantee the State to income of safely fifteen million dollars receive forty-nine per cent, of the capital per annum now enjoyed by them, and stock. The charter provided that the which the courts have refused to enjoin State should have three directors, with them from collecting until North Caro- absolute veto power, regardless of who lina performs the physical act needful to held the majority of the stock, over the open a rate-basing port for this State. disbursements of the income and receipts To open a rate-basing port for this of the road. State requires two physical things to be This bill, or charter, had the approval accomplished. of every manufacturing institution in the First. The securing of a railroad State with a capital of five thousand across this State to that port, that will dollars and up, and the bill, or charter, connect with steamships and make with a letter was sent to every newspaper through rail and water rates, domestic in the State, asking them if they saw any and foreign. objections to the provisions in the charter Second. It is needful to secure an to p'ease state them, and but one daily appropriation from Congress to insure paper and two small weeklies have ever ships to sail from that port the year offered any objections to the provision around, with which this railroad will in the charter. It was sent to every make through rail and water rates, bank in the State, with a letter asking if domestic and foreign, the same as pre- they found any objection to the bill to vail at Savannah. Charleston, and Nor- please state them, and not one bank in folk. the State sent an objection, but many the provision of the charter. Third. The question is, can North commended Carolina meet these requirements? The four per cent, bill was defeated A lot of us men in this city and ^^'est- by eight A'otes in the Senate, with the ern Carolina believe, in fact we know, House overwhelmingly for it. In lieu that North Carolina can meet these re- of the guarantee of the four per cent., quirements without a single new law. the convicts of this State were voted to For men of Asheville and this section be utilized to build the road, and in the have already secured the passage by the contract with the State, even stronger Legislature of all the laws needed for provision for the State's control and pro- : SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 115 tection was embodied than was in the The counties in \\'estern Carolina, fotir per cent. bill. It provides that the from Rutherfordton to the Tennessee counties, if they so wished, could help. line, through which the road will pass, The convict c'ause of the bill provides have voted to take over a million dollars the Governor should approve of the con- of the stock of the road at par. and pay tract under which the convicts should be for the same with thirty-year, four per delivered to the road. cent, county bonds at par. The contract was drawn up and The Governor approved the contract approved by the Governor. It provided for the convicts to be delivered as the that the Governor, the Auditor of the charter and the contract provided. It was ;State, and the Chairman of the Corpora- found that a number of short roads had tion Commission, and their respective gotten charters that provided for con- successors, should be Directors of the victs, but none of their charters pro- Railroad Company, to prevent the issuing vided any protection for the State or the of excessive stock, or the issuing of bonds counties that might subscribe for stock above the amount agreed on in the con- in them. Fina'ly the Governor set a tract and provided for in the charter. date, and called representatives of all the And the contract provided further that roads that had charters calling for con- no other debt, except by the approval of victs, on the third day of July, 1907, to the State Directors, should be created, m.eet him in Raleigh. They all appeared, and that the bonds should be paid off at and late in the evening of that day the maturity, and no more bonds or interest- Governor handed out this resolution, drawing liabilities of any character should dated be encouraged the Railroad by Company, "Raleigh, July 3, 4.00 p. m.. 1907, except by the consent of the majority of State of North Carolina. Executive De- the State Directors. partment, Raleigh. These are the provisions of the law "Resolved, by the Council of State and that now prevail for the protection of the Governor of North Carolina, that be- the stock interest which the State is to fore the Governor sha'l direct the appro- receive for use of the convicts to protect priation of convicts to the railroads which the State and the County in the stock are given said convicts by the Acts of the they subscribe for. The law further last General z'Vssembly, that the Directors provides that the salaries of the officers of the said railroads shall, through their of the road shall not be in excess of what duly appointed officers and agents, and shal' be approved by the majority of the with sufficient surety to secure the carry- State Directors, and provides that a cer- ing out of their contracts, obligate them- tain percentage of the income shall be set selves, when the convicts are allotted, to aside as a sinking fund for the retirement furnish all materials, implements, camps, of the bonds, and that twenty per cent, and vehicles and teams to carry on said of the net income shall be set aside for work, releasing this State from al! obliga- the betterments and improvements of the tions to furnish anything save convicts road and increasing the 1 oiling stock as with proper guards and maintenance. required. "It is further resolved that the con- Under these laws, construction com- victs shall not be furnished, under the Act ])anies were sought to build this road, to of the General ,\ssembly, until the said relieve the State from freight rate dis- roads have furnished and filed in writ'ng crimination. satisfactory evidence to the Council ii6 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE of State that the roads have finan- Governor and the Council of State, that cial backing sufficiently strong to had been filed and accepted by the Gov- equip and operate the lines as set out in ernor and Council of State, that the the charters, after the roads have been money was available to equip these roads graded by the convicts. R. B. Glenn, and operate them after they had been Governor." graded by the convicts. So this was the condition under which The State Treasurer replied that no the convicts were to be delivered to the such evidence had been filed. That all roads. Our bill and charter and contract he had was bonds, binding those com- call for every convict in the State avail- panies to deliver stock in their road to the able when we were ready, and every other State Treasurer as fast as the convicts one as fast as they completed work that should earn one thousand dollars' worth they might be already engaged on, and of stock. every convict thereafter convicted in the This put us in conflict with what we State Courts, until the road was com- were requiring at the hands of construc- pleted. tion companies that we were trying to The Governor took the position, which procure to build the road, and finance it, was an eminently correct one, that the and with our statements to the banks State must be protected from getting abroad, in which we were insisting that stock that would be of no value to the evidence in writing that the money would State, and that evidence should be filed be available for the equipment and to that the roads would be completed and operate the road should be filed in such put in operation. ' Which was also emi- form from sound, financial backing in- nently correct. And he contended that stitutions as to be legally binding, to be the roads should all be treated alike. The made acceptable to the Governor and purpose for which this road was to be Council of State; and there's where we . built was to relieve Western Carolina stand today. from the monopoly of a single line of The representatives of these institu- railway transportation, and secure by its tions soon found out that no evidence was construction the opening of a rate-basing being filed with the State by these other port for the State ; and it was in no sense roads, that they had contract with sound a local or private road. institutions for the money. Under this resolution by the Governor Anyone knows that any company and the Council of State, the money must could give a bond that it would pay its be available before these roads could get common stock to get State labor, when convicts. Our contract had been ap- there was no provision to protect that proved by the Governor, and we went stock against increased capitalization, or to work in good faith to find what we the incurring of interest-bearing debt that believed wou'd be sufficient, above the might absorb the State's stock. convict aid and the county aid, to equip This suggested to me that for our pro- and put the road in operation after it was tection we file a similar bond for our graded as provided by the law. road, and we did file such a bond, signed In a few weeks we saw by the papers by a lot of the best men in Asheville and that those other roads were being allotted Waynesville. When we presented it, it convicts. We wrote to the State Treas- was accepted, but it seemed no convicts urer for copies of the evidence required were available for this road, that had in writing under the resolution by the every possible provision for the protec- SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 117 tion of the State that ironclad laws could Under that act and law, to keep in line, igive. This is the only road that had we applied to the next Go\ernor for con- filed specifications of the character of the victs, and he said he found that they had all been road in which the State is to receive appropriated by his predecessor, and none were available at that time, stock, such specifications as would be in and he could not tell just when any would be conformity with the requirements of a available. road to engage in intrastate commerce, W'e kept right on with our work to en- and provided in the law that before the list other States to adopt a joint resolu- counties cou'd give or pay in their sub- tion to Congress in connection with the scriptions the miles on which the pay- construction of this road for five mil- ments were due were to be accepted as lion dollars for Wilmington and South- completed and ready for operation, in port to help stop the discrimination, and conformity with the provisions and as the foreign capital saw us winning specifications of construction by the State by State, they became interested majority of the State directors, before again, under our solicitation to furnish the county roads were to be paid over in the money, and they asked us for evi- exchange for stock at par. dence that the State was going to live up Of course, it was no trouble to get to its contract and the law. We then ap- every man almost in any county that plied for convicts, explaining the situa- wanted a piece of railroad built even to tion, and we were allotted twenty con- haul logs, to sign a bond to guar- victs. About which, doubtless many of antee the road would give the common you are aware, a great fuss was raised in stock over to the State in payment for the last Assembly, and an effort is being the use of the convict labor of the State. made because of the conditions, that we As I have stated, our purpose was to men, who represent the railroad com- free Western Carolina from a single rail- panies are in no wise responsible for, and road line monopoly, and to aid in secur- if the convicts should be taken from the ing the State a rate-basing port, but we work, it would, of course, destroy the have never insisted that any number of respect of those States whose legislatures convicts worth mentioning should be have endorsed this work to help North allotted to this road until we had con- Carolina to secure relief, because they cluded the financing in good faith in believed she had appropriated the con- accordance with the provision of that victs to aid in the work in good faith, resolution. Later, we applied for con- and, of course, it would destroy the va'ue victs, thinking that perhaps we had bet- of the hard work that has been done to ter not let the impression get out that we enlist the confidence of foreign capital, did not want any convicts, and we were for this little bunch of convicts has been told none were available at that time ; but kept on the work until we have secured we kept at work, and got the counties the pledge again of the foreign capital, lined up, from the Tennessee line to Ruth- that is being pledged under the belief fordton, and they voted to subscribe the that the law is going to be lived up to. rise of a million dollars. At the next It takes time to do a work like this, and session of the Legislature we got it to a heap of it. ratify our contract for the convicts that To date, these men of Asheville and had been approved by the Governor, and Western Carolina have raised through had it made a public act or law. our own stockholders and officers, every ii8 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE one a North Carolina man, and spent, average of ten million dollars on the coal over one hundred thousand dollars in the consumed by the navy. promotion of this work to stop freight In answer to the statements going out rate discrimination, and we are spending that no plan is before the State to remedy money every day now in that work. this rate trouble, I wish to say further None of us claim to be capitalists, but that nearly one thousand leading men, a we went to work to get Western Carolina, number of them bankers in the counties and are at work now, free, and helo to the line will cross from Southport to free the State from the discrimination, Rutherfordton. have signed the calls for and in that work we have induced con- their counties to hold elections to vote struction companies that have been labor- over another million dollars to co-operate ing in co-operation to finance the road to with the State to secure this State's re- spend about three hundred thousand dol- lief, because of their belief that the State will good its contract, which is now lars in part purchase payments on pieces make secured for the specific pur- of roads already in operation, in fran- a public law, of aiding the State to get in shape y:hises, in rights-of-way, in surveys, in pose requirements of the Interstate actual work of construction, in expenses to meet the to stop this of laboring, in financing the securities, Commerce Commission freight rate discrimination. all laboring to secure by the construction of this road a rate-basing port at \\'il- We want the bankers of North Caro- mington and Southport, to free the State lina to know that today we have able and from freight rate discrimination ; and the efticient men in Europe that have closed work has never stopped for one hour. the contract to bring to this State, to co- We want the bankers of this State to operate with this State in the construc- know that no law was ever written for tion of this road, over twenty million railway construction on the American dollars. This is the second time in two continent that so safely guards the years this monev has been secured ; lost State's interest as this law does, and the the first time by the death of three men counties' interest, and every penny of within ninety days, and this time they are foreign or !ocal capital put in this work waiting for efficient men from Europe to relie\'e this State, whether it be county that are at work now in New York to or private aid. complete the requisite machinery to guar- antee the faithful expenditure of that We want the bankers of this State to monev in the construction of this road. know that we have gotten State after State, by a unanimous vote of their legis- We want the bankers of North Caro- latures, and we are still getting them, to lina to know that if this administration, psk Congress to make an appropriation in in co-operation with this foreign capital, connection with the construction of this will put in force the laws ^^'estern Caro- State-controlled railroad, of five million lina men have fought for and secured the dollars, to give thirty feet depth of water passage of, without a dissenting vote, and in the Cape Fear River, from Southport have been strengthened and amended to Wilmington, and to make the appro- through three consecutive sessions of the priation to carry mail from Wilmington legislature to meet the requirements of to South America, and to establish at capital, and to prevent impatient officers Southport a United States naval coaling from interfering with the work, which station that wil" save the government an win succeed if we have the support of SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 119 the executive officers of the State and .\nd if we should be unalile to bring are let alone. this foreign capital to accept the con- There is not a banker in the sound struction contract now being perfected of my voice that doesn t know that the ir New York, and this road was graded, man, or set of men. who will labor and and the ties were put on by the convicts bring twenty million dollars of foreign and by the county subscription, I don't capital into this State to compete with l)elie\e there is a banker in North Caro- these great roads that have the State in lina that would not take, in co-operation their iron grasp, if they accomplish it, as with the State, under the rigid protec- Governor Aycock well said, "In fifteen tion in the hands of the State Directors years, they will have accomplished one of the securities of this road, some of of the greatest works that has been done the bonds, which are thirty-year, five per for this State." cent, first mortgage bonds, to help stop There are enough convicts under the a ta.x of fifteen million dollars a year on provision of this law, in this State, to the people of this State. If we cannot grade this road from the Tennessee line, convince this foreign capital to the ex- with such equipment as can and will be tent that it will be sent here now that it furnished them, to W i'mington and has been subscribed and ready for de- Southport in eighteen to twenty-four ivery, and convince this foreign capital months at the longest. that the offi-cers of this State will enforce We want the bankers of North Caro- this la'v, and that they will not go back lina to know that these counties that on the public act when this law has have voted a .ittle the rise of three thou- already evolved a half-million of private sand do lars a mile for over half the capital, and the State against that amovmt distance and are standing behind their since 1907 hasn't been out in the support sections in co-operation with this work, of these con\-icts that is chiefly a tes- and their faith in the State as solid as timony of the State's good faith, and to the rock of Gibraltar. protect this State in holding the only pass through the mountains that is un- And there is no doubt that the other occupied, and the shortest passway be- counties will do it on the other half, for tween the great Middle and Northwest- this three thousand dollars a mile is ern States, the Tennessee coalfields, and voted in a way that in a sense it costs North Carolina, to the South At'antic them nothing. For the tax on the road ports, then the State itse'f should not itself will meet the interest on the bonds, lose the vast volume of work that has create a sinking ftmd to pay the prin- been done, Init arrange to carry out the cipal at maturity, and still ha\-e a surplus l)lan itself. for county improvement in the treasury. No greater sum was asked, no more is The patriotic bankers of this State, needed of the counties, if the conx-icts under Governor Kitchin's call, saved the due this road are put on the work, for State's credit, and if I could have had they can be made worth ten thousand my way, I would ha\-e labored to secure dollars per mile to this road, and the their united efTorts, and to cooperate stock that the State will receive for them, with the State to build this road, to re- notwithstanding what has been said by lieve this State, and keep every dollar of the enemies to this work, will be worth its securities under the control of the par the day the road is complete and in State of North Caro'ina, and in the operation. hands of her citizens through her banks. I20 SKY-LAND MAGAZINK I be'-ieve that the great banking asso- return home, I will answer it. If any ciation of this State, and this great Just lawyer wants to ask anything about the Freight Rate Association that is being legal status of the laws I have quoted, formed throughout this State, they when General Davidson, who has just returned have made themselves familiar with the from Raleigh, where he has been bat- vast volume of work we men have done, tling to prevent injury being done this and are now doing in this State, they work, and who has been and is our gen- will help to convince the administration eral counsel and adviser, will answer it. that it would be the very best thing for Copies of the entire law can be had by this administration to put the convicts addressing Col. S. A. Jones, Waynes- to work to accomplish the one thing that ville, N. C. the people of this State want accom- I want to again thank the North Caro- plished above all others, that of saving lina Bankers' Association for this hear- this State one hundred and fifty million ing they have accorded me. It will dollars per decade, and by that method set aside a lot of misstatements that have of saving it, adding about fifty million been made. I hope, because of the lack dollars of new taxable property to this of understanding about this company, State in the construction of what is con- made up of some of the best men, ceded by the best railway experts of and some of them bankers in this city and in America to be when built one of the \\'aynesville, there are in this State. I most valuable railroad lines for this State would like to have the Bankers' Associa- and the whole South and ^Middle \\'est tion adopt a reso'ution approving the that will ever again be built in this South- efforts that these of land. men Western Caro- lina have been making and are now mak- We challenge the disapproval of a ing for this State, and to encourage us single statement we have made, and we by assuring us they will do what they want the bankers and people of this State can to bring success to the effort. to know that relief is coming, and has been by law in their hands since igog, ^^'e are opposing nobody's effort. If waiting for an administration to enforce there be a plan, a better plan than ours, this law that will stop the rate discrimi- that will meet the requirements of the nation. And the saving made would Interstate Commerce Law, and that will build in ten years a macadam road three give \\'estern Carolina relief from a one- times across this State from the ocean line monopoly, and free the State from to the Tennessee line. If there is any freight rate discrimination, every man of question any member would like to ask us will take off his coat and put all his me now. about the political economy, force and power to help carry^ that plan values of this road, or bv letter when I to success. The Forests of North Carolina By Joseph Hyde Pratt NORTH CAROLINA is unequaled in of the State a great variety of soils and the variety of its hardwoods and climate has brought together trees from conifers by that of any other State or all parts of Eastern America. There territory. Throughout the whole area are altogether one hundred and fifty- SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 121 three kinds of woody plants which form and chestnut oak bark; and that the a simple upright stem and attain arbores- paper industry, which also should be a cent proportions, growing naturally permanent one, is dependent upon a con- within the State, and of these over stant supply of pulp wood. I believe that seventy are trees of the first size, and it is not only possible to make these in- fifty-seven are trees of great economic dustries permanent in North Carolina, value. Fourteen of these are known to and to give them a constant supply of the attain in this State a height of over one various woods that they need, but also hundred feet; three of them a height of to enable these industries to develop to a over one hundred and forty feet ; six- still greater extent. To do this, it is teen of them reach diameters of five feet necessary that our forests be conserved or over ; and five, diameters of seven feet and perpetuated. or over. There are twenty-four kinds The forest area of North Carolina of oaks found in the State, which are covers more than ten million acres, a three more than occur in any State to very large part of which is steep, rough, the North, and more than are to be two or poor land, unsuitable for farming found in any State to the South; of the purposes. There are also about two mil- nine hickories known to occur in the lion acres of waste land in the State United States, eight have been found in which have been lumbered and burned North Carolina ; here are found all six or cleared and found unprofitable to maples of the Eastern United States, all cultivate on account of roughness or of the lindens, all six of the American erosion, which should be reforested. magnolias, three of the birches, eight With this large area of timber land, of eleven kinds of pine, both species of there was no thought given in the early the hemlock and balsam fir, and three of history of the State to the question of a the five elms. diminishing supply of forest products. The importance of the forests to Similarly as in connection with the soils, North Carolina is strikingly shown by the people of the State considered they the fact that the forests and the indus- had an inexhaustible supply, and there- tries dependent upon them produce fore gave no thought as to how much material amounting in value to more they wasted in obtaining what they than thirty-five million dollars per year, wanted, or how much was destroyed by and give employment to thirty thousand fire. No care was taken in lumbering to men. There are but few States in this preserve seed trees, and make it possible countr}' where the importance of the for the land to reforest itself to the best forests is relatively as great as in this advantage. In lumbering, no plan was State, where one-sixth of the entire considered with the end in view of the wealth-producing capital is invested in forests reproducing themselves with forest lands or in industries directly de- varieties of trees as valuable as the ones pendent upon the products obtained from removed, or that they would maintain a the forests. As a State, we recognize density so that the soil might produce that our furniture industry is absolutely its full capacity, or of even protecting the dependent upon a permanent supply of timber that still remained. Such hardwood; that the tanning industry, if methods of lumbering have finally it is to become a permanent one, as it brought us to the place where there is should, is dependent upon a constant probably more woody material used or supply of tanning material, as hemlock cut each vear in North Carolina than 122 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE the forests are replacing by the forma- soon die and drop off, leaving no knots tion of new wood. Then again, each or knotholes. The litter of their leaves year the forests become less capable of also forms a rich mould, which, as it producing what is required of them. decays, enriches the soil, and stimulates Their area contracts, less valuable trees the growth of the remaining trees. take the place of the more valuable In order to accomplish this, a forest varieties which are cut, the soil becomes must be protected from fires. These more impoverished and less able to yield forest fires are the greatest menace to large returns, and the demand for the perpetuation of our forests. One of woody materials gradually increases with the worst effects of the forest fires in the increase in population. eastern North Carolina has been the pre- These existing conditions demand that vention of the reproduction of the long- some steps be taken immediately to con- leaf pine. Large areas that were once serve and perpetuate our forests. This covered with this valuable tree, and conservation means for a great many which should now be reproducing of our citizens a profitable investment another growth of the same kind, are and, in some instances, as the reforesta- instead covered with sand oak or black- tion of abandoned farm lands, it will jack, which are practically valueless. mean a profitable investment on lands The loss to the people of this section that are now not producing anything of from the burnings of these pine lands, value. taken in the aggregate, is enormous, as, What the great mass of forest land but for the burnings, thousands of now needs, however, more than any- acres which are now denuded of all mer- thing else, is adequate protection for chantable trees would either be covered young growth, for unless there is yoimg with mature forests or with thick growth, and an abundance of it, there growths of young trees. can be no trees to take the place of the In the counties in the middle part of old ones when they are cut. If there the State, fires have done considerable are two hundred mature trees on an acre, damage in killing down young growth, there should be, if the same area was in but, as a general thing, except where young trees three to five years old, five there are large tracts of forest, and the thousand or more trees. Not one- country is poor, rugged, or thinly set- twentieth of the young trees that start tled, the lands are not regularly burned, to grow can be expected to become large and the damage that has been done to trees. They are of invaluable service, old trees is much less than in other hov^-ever. in shading the ground, and so parts of the State. These occasional keeping it moist that the trees may not fires, however, kill much young growth suffer with drought in dry seasons ; in that has been several years growing, and protecting very young seedlings which keep the woods open in this way. may be beneath them from excessive In the mountains, although there is a heat or sudden changes of temperature great deal of excellent hardwood timber, which the seedlings of some species can- many of the trees which would other- not stand ; and in forcing those trees wise be merchantable have been badly which do survive to clear their stems by damaged by fire. The woods have been rapidl}' pushing their tops upward to kept free from young growth by pastur- get the light, leaving behind on the age and frequent burnings. In places, stems only a few small limbs, which they are exceedingly open, and there are SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 123 no young trees at all to take the place cherry, and white pine. These trees all of the old ones as they are removed. come up from seed, so that if the young One result of the indiscriminate growth is destroyed by forest fires and lumbering and forest fires in the moun- no seed trees are left in lumbering, it tain region has been the almost total means the extermination of this species, destruction of the poplar, walnut. imless reforestation is resorted to. The Sixth Sense liy Walter Hamilton Candler THE primitive man of all countries, senses being educated exclusively by especially the Indian of this books and things, they were educated country, had in some respects peculiar through the medium of the Sixth Sense advantages over the man of today. He —which was at all times in perfect rap- could reach planes that we cannot port with the Infinite. His knowledge attempt. Only a few years ago men and came from the Source of all Truth women dwelt upon much higher planes directly. But, as time went on, he be- than we of today. This is an age of gan to philosophize on the things about commercialism, of greed and gain. We, him ; and as his knowledge developed he as a people, have lost sight of the higher Ijegan to descend from the higher plane man the God-Man. We have forced — —slowly, of course, but surely down Nature out. and in turn. Nature has de- through the ages, he dropped lower and nied us our birthright. Our religion to- lower, until today we find him a "civil- day is not the religion of fifty years ago, ized creature," standing on the ground nay. even ten years ago. It is, in many floor of the pit of darkness, further than instances, a makeshift, to meet our ever removed from the Divine Power or philosophy, and not the needs of the Force which is revealed to man through human heart, a felt thing a revelation — this wonderful Sixth Sense, which has of this purer and more delicate Sixth been so enigmatical to all psychologists. Sense, In Europe, I found conditions very When Henry \'lll. could not recon- much similar to that of this country. cile the Catholic Church in obtaining a Some told me I was wrong, that the divorce, he created a new Church. So absence of the manifestations of the with us, we create new things to meet Sixth Sense has nothing to do with our our conveniences, and with each new present state. Psychologists have told creation we get further away from the me that the Sixth Sense was but an basic principle. imaginary hypothesis for an explanation Man has never invented anything of peculiar mental phenomena. P)Ut, if new. He has only discovered laws that I could take some of these people are as old as Time. Truth is a precious through our modern divorce courts, thing, but oftentimes in our eagerness to through our asylums, prisons, houses of find it we overlook it, not being able to correction, and last, if not least, through recognize its real significance. This was the "Tenderloin" districts of some of our not the case with the primitive man. great cities, and show them what the He was not handicapped with super- ignorance of our civilization is doing; ficial knowledge. Instead of his five I would also be able to show an utter —; — 124 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE absence of the Sixth Sense. On the We, as a civilized people, only have mere other hand, if they will come with me glimpses of this Sixth Sense, occasion- into the forests, if they will come with ally. Some of us are more fortunate in me to where Nature in all her grandeur this respect than others, but none of us and glory smiles and beckons her chil- can approach the perfection of the primi- dren to come and revel close to her tive man. bosom ; where the old-time "meetin' The most potent factor in suggestion house" and the old-time preacher hold is Nature. Nature suggests art, oratory, the ban of love and surcease from pain inspiration, music, poetry, love, life and afifliction over all who may come God. Nature does not suggest crime, for where sympathy, love, and friendship are in the presence of the Sixth Sense crime not strangers ; where the venom of is almost an unknown factor, and where crime has never filtered through the the Sixth Sense is predominant crime hands of debauchery, and commingled is unknown. The Sixth Sense controls with those deceitful fiends, hate and the infant ; and when we approach the jealousy if they will follow me, I — but hour of death it controls us all ; it steps can show them where the Sixth Sense in like an old trustworthy friend, and predominates indefinitely, preeminently. takes the helm from the hands of reason. Let us get back to Nature, where we The man condemned to die on the gal- can get in touch with tangible things lows, or in the electric chair, will fight things that lead us back to the primeval for life as long as there is hope; but ages. Centuries ago, centuries before when all hope is gone, he becomes the dawn of civilization, the Sixth Sense resigned ; and when the hour of death is of man was in a high state of develop- at hand he is fearless ; and usually, when ment. Linder this caption, I may men- he walks out to his death, he is com- tion the sense of direction, premonition, posed, oftentimes jolly, while the ones intuition, telepathy, religion, revelation, who accompany him are deeply affected. and suggestion. These things centralized Why is it? Nature has stepped in—this into one, as rays of light through the provision was made in the beginning. prism, give us the Sixth Sense—the If, under the proper training. Nature Sense we have been growing away from had never stepped out in the first place, all these years, and which it will be the chances are a gallows or electric necessary, if we hope to acomplish great chair would not have been necessary, for, things to grow back to and develop. as I said, in the presence of the Sixth Perhaps the Sixth Sense is our Soul Sense crime is almost an unknown fac- our Life Force, and works in conjunc- tor. tion with our other senses. It is not the The education of the Sixth Sense sense of reason, but of feeling; not of should begin before the child is brought emotion or sensation, in the generally into this world. AVhen a child is born, accepted teJrm, but the feeling which it has its likes and dislikes ; there is a asserts itself sometimes in spite of all reason for each one—there is nothing our reasoning powers to the contrary. without a cause, and effect surely follows How old are the expressions: "I feel cause. Therefore, the effect of a like something is going to happen,'' or mother's unpleasant environments, un- "I feel like that man will not do. He healthful thoughts and experiences, may appears all right ; but somehow I feel be the gallows, electric chair, or even there is something wrong somewhere ?" worse. On the other hand, it is a rule : SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 125 that works both ways. A man and his pure ; whatever man touches he defiles. wife were coming through Tennessee to One other real prophet, as it were, in Kentucky one time, long before the discovering this deeper and more mys- advent of railroads. They stopped at a terious force of the child's life, is Dr. farmhouse for dinner. The man was Montessori, of Rome, Italy. I spent a out caring for his horses, while his wife month in Rome last winter, and observed v/ent into the large living-room. Pres- her work with the children. Despite the ently she was startled by an unearthly reports of the Columbia professors to the sound, as if someone were being mur- contrary, the results obtained were some- dered in the yard. She ran to the win- thing marvelous. What would you think dow, and looked out. An overseer was of yotir child, without any effort what- whipping a negro slave. She was hor- ever, seemingly and apparently unaided, rified, and when her husband came in he at the age of four or five—able to read found her crying. Upon being asked the 'most anything, spell any word, write a cause of her tears, she said igood hand, handle numbers easily, and do "If I was a man I would do something many other things as gracefully as a for these poor defenseless creatures. It grown person. Wouldn't you think it a is a shame in the sight of God and man genius ? That is exactly what the _ the way they are treated." A great im- Dotoressa is doing with all her children. pulse was awakened in this woman. She told me that the teacher must stand Three months later, a boy was born to back and let the spiritual force grow. her—that boy was Abraham Lincoln. In speaking to a defective child, she \\'ho can say this great man was not in called it to her, and looked directly into tune with the Infinite? its eyes and called its name, as if calling \'\'e, as a civilized people, trust to blind to its soul. In this way, she said she chance. We talk and boast of our edu- could reach and draw out its intelligence, cation—but are we educated? Are we and help it toward concentration. familiar with the science of education, Of course, we imderstand that Rous- and do we apply it? I think not. We seau's doctrine was extreme. He was start a child to school at the tender age unmerciful with what he termed the "jn- of six, and there the cramming process natural and artificial age." commences. Instead of drawing out and Dr. Alontessori is either knowingly or developing its little mind so that it can imknowingly an effort to get back think and reason from cause to eft'ect, making (to nature: she undoubtedly recognizes we paralyze its perceptive faculties by been our antiquated system. The same sys- that Sense, that factor, which has in processes tem is applied to all children regardless overlooked our educational of their various nervous temperaments, since the dawn of civilization. likes, and dislikes. Only two or three When we are familiar with all these people of modern times, I think, have laws ; when we approach these things understood the meaning and caught the from a scientific standpoint, instead of inspiration of this higher Sixth Sense. mere guesswork, we will begin then to One of them was Rousseau, who saw the come into our birthright, and a different folly of the education of his day, and race of people will inhabit the earth. hence he would have "Emile" taken en- Our prisons, asylums, houses of correc- tirely away from human society in his tion, and other places for the detention youth, for he claimed Nature only was of the unfortunate, will be torn awav. —; 126 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE and in their places will be erected are becoming familiar with the laws of P-cademies, colleges, and churches. The Nature, and in proportion we are getting great cities will be renovated, and in- back to her. The future holds great stead of the vile, unhealthful, crime- things for us, but we must prepare our- breeding places, will be parks and play- selves before we can ever hope to obtain grounds. We are entering a new age ; we them. The Passing of a Picturesque People "THE OLD ORDER CHANGETH FOR THE NEW" NO MORE the tinkle of the banjo at Strewn was his pathway with the ashes "de quatahs'' breaks the stillness of of dead hopes ; sounding ever in his ears the evening air. No more in the cotton- was the requiem of a glorious but oblit- fields of the New South may be heard erated past. . the strains of African melody—wierd, Broken in health and fortune, should haunting, barbaric— rising from scores he yield himself to the cruelty of this of dusky throats, and dying away in a new environment and sink beneath the plaintive wail —the piteous outcry of quagmire of what then seemed over- souls in bondage. whelming disaster? Never! The A little over a half -century ago the strength of his right arm still remained, Emancipation Proclamation was issued, the unconquerable spirit of his Puritan and the tragedy of the South was en- forebears, and an indomitable faith in acted. Freedom came, and with it the the future of his beloved Southland. subsequent adjustment to new condi- tions. Freedom ! brought forth by the travail of a Nation, and at such priceless Evcntiiallx Sees the Triiimpli of Heroic cost that history has recorded it in letters Effort of blood. A stroke of the pen, and the black man was free—thrust forth into True, his first efforts were sown in the world, ignorant and untrained, to anguish of spirit, and in the face of odds wrestle with his problem alone and un- tremendous and well-nigh overpowering. aided. But the unquenchable spirit of his sturdy The son of the ex-slave as well must forefathers was his by right of heritage. accept the new order of things, and like With iron will and unerring faith, he his black brother carve out his destiny has wrought mightily, and achieved alone and unaided. Penniless, where mightily. Once more his cottonfields wealth once abounded ; deprived of the and broad acres of luxuriant grain wave help upon which he had hitherto relied defiance to the past. The shriek of the divested of stock and farm implements factory whistle now marks the spot financial ruin en\'eloped him like a black where his father's bowling alley once pall. Around him his fertile lands lay stood. As the reward of his magnificent waste ; his old Colonial home, with its effort, he has been spared to see the hallowed associations—the birth of flower of progress spring from what children, the death of loved ones—was once appeared the barren soil of financial reduced to a charred mass of ruin. ruin. SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 127 The IVar a Dead Issue rankled with bitterness. He saw only the devastation of his estates, the waste The war, with this son of the New of his fertile lands, the ruin of his for- South, is a dead issue, which has no place tunes. calendar. bit- on today's busy Rankling The ethical side of the question of terness has died within his heart in loyal slavery did not enter into the equation striving for the betterment of conditions with the slaveholder. No thought of the in his once ravaged and desolated home- unrighteousness of holding souls in DREAMING OF THE D.WS THAT ARE NO MORE land. The future of the Southland has bondage, of man's inhumanity to man, become his one absorbing passion. troubled his mind ; nor is this greatly to be wondered at. To the Southerner, the condition of slavery was a natural one. Slavery From the J'iczvpoiut of the E-v- At birth, his eyes iirst opened on the Slaz'eholder grinning face of Black Mammy waiting In the first mighty throes of the to fold her "HI white chile," her "bressed Nation's rebellion, and during those dark lamb ' to her bosom. From the very years which marked the Reconstruction outset he was taught to regard the slave Period, the heart of the slaveholder in the light of anv other chattel. He was 128 SKY-LAi\D MAGAZINE his by right of possession, to be used by that highly sensational story, "Uncle him as he saw fit. Tom's Cabin," are hardly reconcilable with common sense, or compatible with sound reasoning. Mewing the The Relationship Existing Between the question, not from a humanitarian but Slaveholder and His Chattel (in economic standpoint, what man would Notwithstanding this commercial way wittingly starve or beat his horse to of looking at the question, sentiment death? None other than a demented often than otherwise played an more brute or crazy man. Since from a mone- important part. In the majority of cases tary standpoint the slave was an infinitely the slave and his there existed between more valuable asset than the horse, master a deep bond of affection, which •would it not stand to reason that, as a in instances the severing of their many good business policy, due care should be relations, with the of Freedom, or dawn exercised toward the preservation of his the intervening years since, has been un- health, and proper provision made for able to destroy. his bodily needs, that prolonged and effi- In his charming stories of life in old cient service might ensue? Virginia during the antebellum days and Reconstruction Period, Thomas Nelson The slave was provided with food, Page has beautifully and touchingly por- shelter, raiment. He was given a pre- scribed trayed this relationship, and has crowned amount of rest and recreation. the head of this old-time servitor with a \Mien sick, medicine was his for the asking— halo which time itself has been unable "Ole Mistis" oftentimes looking after the nursing to take away. Down in Alabama, How- herself. ard Weeden, with wondrous skill, born Not only the physical but the spiritual of a mighty love, has drawn pictures side of his nature was looked after. A true to the life of this quaint people, picture beautiful in holiness still lingers and has written some simple but ex- in the memory of the survivors of ante- quisitely tender dialect verse redolent bellum days. It is the picture of a group of the undying loyalty and affection of of dusky faces of all ages, ranging from the old-time slave for ''Marse en Mistis." the grinning little pickaninny to Old The stories of Joel Chandler Harris and Uncle, grouped around "Old Mistis,"' or other dialect writers will stand as a life- likely as not "Young Mistis." on a Sun- long memorial to this sacred relation- day afternoon, listening to the "Old, old ship. story of Jesus and his love." Nor was the slave always left to The Happy, Carefree Lot of the Slaz'e grope in mental darkness. Very often The lot of the slave was in the major- there was a school on the plantation, ity of cases carefree and happy. Occa- with "Lil Mistis'' as teacher, where the sionally, cases of abuse and brutality darkies 'were taught reading, writing, were brought to light ; but these were and figuring, where the rudiments of an rare. His conduct was such at times education at least could be had. "Ole that coercive measures must needs be Mistis" instructed the older girls and resorted to, but usually the treatment women in domestic science, and many accorded him was fair and kind. became expert not only in cooking and The overdrawn and exaggerated housekeeping but in the art of needle- sketches of slave life, as portrayed in craft. — — SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 129 The slave's life was mainly happy and man still owns the land ; he tills. Due carefree. He did not have to think nor to his improvident nature, characteristic plan. This was done for him. He gave of the race, he has made little advance- no heed to the vital issues of the day, ment under the new order. His progress nor was he harassed with the cares of during the past fifty years has been State. In return for his manual labor snail-like. In a few rare instances, by he received a house to live in, food and dint of industry and thrift, he has accu- clothing, and oftentimes a little "patch" mulated enough to pay for his cabin and of land or garden that he might cultivate farmland, and is now an independent, for his own. He was not annoyed by free man ; but these cases are the excep- the monthly visits of the collector of tion. As he stands there on the street rents, butcher's or grocer's bills. His corner, waiting for "de lawyah" to days were for the most part spent in- draw up de 'greement to which he will dustriously in the open, with God's sun- later affix his mark, he peacefully puffs shine and the blessed influences of at his corncob pipe, scratches his head, Nature about him ; his evenings in and talks about "de wah, ole Marse, en merrymaking at the quarters with his de Ciual'ty." companions and banjo for company. It is interesting to note the signs of evolution in his progeny. This scion of the race, dressed in "sto' clo'es," may be The Passing the Slave of found around the corner in the back The type of the oldtime slave will soon alley, where police surveillance is most be extinct, so swiftly is he passing of lax. Here he shoots craps on the sly, late years into that broader freedom picks the banjo, or enveloped in a cloud the freedom of the emancipated soul. of cheap cigarette smoke lolls against the It is interesting to drop into some fence and discourses on the coming Carolina village on Sales Day or First " 'lection'' with about as much intelli- Monday. There he may still occasion- gence as would a pupil in the kinder- ally be found on the street corners garten. Being able to half-scrawl his a quaint old figure, careworn and name, he will later cast his ballot for the stooped with age, cotton-white hair, eyes white candidate that has the largest bot- fast dimming, a battered old slouch hat, tle of gin to offer, and being well charged or perchance a silk beaver much the with cocaine will more than likely before worse for wear, which he will proudly the day is over give the police more to tell you "fohmally b'longed to de do than they can comfortably attend to. Cunahl," topping his hoary head; a The self-respect of the old negro will bandanna handkerchief about his neck, suff'er acutely because of the misdoings and likely as not a pine splinter making of this wayward boy; his "fambly safe connection with his hickory shirt pride," as he terms it, will be dragged and jeans "breeches." Across his stoop- in the dust, as he totters down to the ing shoulders is slung a bag ; a gnarled police court to pay him out. hickory stick guides his tottering steps. Pity and veneration for the old man He has come to town to swap mules, faithful servitor of bygone days—stirs which is a part of his religion, or per- the heart at the injustice done him, as chance to sign his contract for next with a courtly, old-fashioned bow, that year's cotton patch—pitiful to relate, would put to shame the grace of a more often than otherwise the white Chesterfield, he makes his adieus, and I30 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE turns his tottering steps back "to'ad de when he shall close his tired eyes to the cabin." Night soon will overtake this "ha'd times'' that for the past fifty years lonely survivor of a picturesque people have beset him, and find his refuge in that belong to the days that are no more, God's C[uarters. Dreaming in the Twilight By Henry Blount SITTING here in the deepening gloom ful rainbow, child of the light and the of the mellowing twilight, and with shadow, born in the wedlock of the feelings softened and sweetened by the sunbeams and the raindrops, and nursed hallowing influence that always sweeps on the echoes of the retreating storm, over one's heart as we sit and yield to yields to the inevitable fiat of the inex- that sweet melancholy that is always felt orable law of decay, and in a moment, in when the shadows—those silent and the twinkling of an eye, all of its varie- voiceless pallbearers in the funeral pro- gated colorings, its splendor, and its cession of day—pass on to the cemetery loveliness, are drowned in the floodlight of darkness, we begin to muse and com- of the effulgent sun, and not one trace mune with God and dream of Heaven is left to tell where its iridescent glories and its rest and its blessedness, and long had glistened. and hunger for its beatitudes and its felicities, its symphonies, its harmonies, The beauties of the woodland, the and its raptures, and for those joys that fragrance of its blooming flowers, the are imperishable, and for those flowers murmur of its rippling cascades, and the of happiness that live in perpetual bloom. tunefulness of its God-taught minstrelsy, whose gladful notes thread the air with Here in this earth life, all joys and all a melody as sweet as echoes from pleasures are ephemeral, and are as Heaven—yes, all these are subject to evanescent as the quivering flashings of the same inexorable law, and like the the dazzling lightnings that write out in dewdrops and the rainbow, they too glitterings upon the black parchment of yield to the touch of decay and pass the clouds the awe inspiring sentence, away. Yes, even the stars, which "Behold, and know that I God," and am blossom out into such rich bloom and which electrify for a moment and then brilliance upon midnight skies, and en- fade away into the rayless deeps of rich the world with their sparkling space, and leave not one single brilliant wealth, yield to the same stern, immut- letter there to tell of its thrilling cor- able, irrevocable decree, and in the ruscations. Yes, all things earthly are quivering flashing of some dazzling subject to decay, and sooner or later meteor we behold the brilliant funeral must fade, wither, droop, perish, and train of some dead star on its fire-paved pass forever away. The glittering dew- pathvi'ay to everlasting burial. But there drops, which sparkk with such diamond- is one thing which cannot die. like brilliance in their fragrant coronal at morning, die under the kisses of sun- beams, and pass away like a snowflake There is a life—Jesus-given—which upon the bosom of a river. The beauti- lives in the eternity of its own undecay- — SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 131 ing and undying vigor and freshness channel to the ocean of death. And ever and glorified beauty, and it has a joy and its glorified beams will flash across the a peace and a rapture about it that eter- darkened chasm, and illume and brighten nity itself cannot fathom or measure or up the inky deep which rolls between bound. Yes, there is, too, on earth, the time and eternity, and disclose to en- Christian's hope of that glorious immor- raptured visions beautiful glimpses of tality, and protected as it is in the arms the blessed haven of peace and rest of religion, and nursed on the faith of which lies glistening, all bright and re- the promises of Jesus, it too has an splendent, with that glory light which eternity of existence, and grows stronger, flashes in everlasting sparkles from the purer, and brighter as life runs down its throne of God. Municipal Ice Plants WITHIN the recent two months, sev- with profitable results. In many cities, eral events have transpired which private electric light and power plants, have aroused interest in the idea of breweries, ice cream manufacturers, and municipally-owned and -operated ice- bottling concerns operate ice plants in making plants. The strike in Cincin- connection, and they claim to make a nati, where the employees of the private profit thereby. ice plants controlled matters until the city was forced to take control of the Officials of New York report that the business, was one event which stirred municipal ice plant in operation for the the mind of the people. Following this purpose of furnishing ice to the city de- came the action of the Board of Alder- partments is producing ice at a cost of men of New York in making an appro- one dollar per ton, and for delivery priation of thirty thousand dollars for short distances in wholesale quantities an ice-making plant for the purpose of the cost onl)' increases to $1.50 per ton. furnishing ice to the city departments. It is interesting to compare these figures with the former contract prices of ice In this country there has been little an average of $4.50 per ton having been interest in municipal ice-making, but a paid, with a maximum price of $6.50. number of Italian cities have their own These contracts were considered ex- plants, and there are others in England. tremely favorable for ice for municipal The United States government operated departments until after the establish- plants in Panama and Manila, and in ment of the new plant. several instances some of the towns and cities of the northern part of this countr}' have harvested ice in the winter and It is a well-known fact that many pri- stored it for summer distribution, under vate enterprises have learned by expe- m.unicipal control. rience that the manufacture of ice is a There is no reason why municipalities most profitable business, and especially which own and control light and power in connection with other power plants, ])Iants should not operate ice-making when proper and efficient management plants in connection therewith. Many is given the plant. Several successful ice- private companies are thus engaged, and making plants were described in The 132 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE Electrical World last spring. These these recent legislative enactments is that plants were operated by electric central passed by the legislature of Minnesota. stations, and one of the items was headed, "A fifteen-ton ice plant as a The Minnesota law provides that the forty per cent, investment." In the same Board of Water Commissioners of any issue of that publication, an editorial town of more than fifty thousand popu- urged central electric stations to use lation shall have the power, "to engage machinery during the summer months, in the manufacture, gathering, and pur- that would otherwise be lying idle, in chase of ice, and the sale and distribu- the manufacture of ice. It was said that tion thereof to such city and to the sev- "the combination ice-electric plant uti- eral boards and departments thereof and lizes the waste products and hours of to the inhabitants of such city, and to light load of the electric plant for the acquire the necessary land, building, manufacture of a very profitable by- machinery, and equipment for such pur- product. The ice business shares the pose." burden of operating, labor, office, real The same act authorizes the cities to estate, plant investment, and insurance condemn land for the establishment of ;costs, lowering the cost of electricity, the enterprise, and authorizes the issu- and making cheap ice. One set of em- ance of bonds in an amount not exceed- ployees and office help can handle both ing two hundred and fifty thousand dol- businesses, keeping themselves useful all lars for the building and equipment of the year round, so that there need be no the plant in such city. lay-offs." Minnesota also takes notice of the The wisdom of the municipality enter- importance of just prices of ice, and in ing the field of ice production and dis- fact the passage of the law providing tribution is a question to be solved by authority for municipal ire plants fol- the individual community. lowed the announcement of the leading p-. ivHte ice company of St. Paul of an The question of the legal rights of the advance in the rates to its customer.^. municipality would necessarily be con- T he enabling act provides that the city sidered. The town of Schenectady, N. shall establish such prices for ice as Y., undertook the ice-making business shall at all times insure sufficient income last year, but was restrained by the to pay the interest on the bonds and pro- courts, and the ground of the injunction vide a sinking fund for the payment of was "that the charter of the town did the principal when the bonds become not include the right to manufacture and due. In addition, the price must be distribute ice.'' The New York State fixed so as to cover all costs and the Legislature has passed an act which it is expense of the maintenance and repair believed will remove this legal obstacle of the equipment of the plant. in that State. In some of the other The question is an interesting one, and States, special legislation has already many of the North Carolina towns could been enacted giving towns and cities very profitably discuss and consider the power to own, operate, and control idea, which is taking root in the towns municipal ice-making plants. One of and cities of the North. The genius who invents wireless Life is to be defined in its most ele- politics will deserve immortality. mentary way in terms of activity. : — SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 133 One Need of the Town RECENTLY a stranger in our town lest of real citizenship. The smaller came into my office in search of a towns can have public libraries if some certain book—wanted to use it for refer- of the people—just a few of the people ence for a little while. The stranger was will show a little real citizenship. It is a new citizen, and had moved from one of not necessarily a matter of a magnificent the larger cities, and missed very keenly building and a great number of books. the convenience of the Public Library There is a necessity, however, and that which is usually found in every well is a determination to have the library. planned and progressive city. The con- Sometimes a few people do bestir them- versation turned to the community live selves, and with the library fad leading and community needs, and this new- them go after some rich outsiders, and comer remarked with the money thus secured a building R. Y. MCAI'EN MEMdRIAI. HALL, FKEE PUBLIC LIDRARV, MCAPEN' VILLE. N. C. "Every town, and even every hamlet, is erected, and immediately the impres- should have and could have a public sion goes forth that the library is a fact. library." I thought so, and immediately The real library—the books and the decided to say it through the columns of librarian—usually come much slower. this magazine. The library which is secured through The biggest asset of a community is the gift of some man or woman of an- its citizenship, and that which is good other community is not an outgrowth, in for the citizen is good for the com- every instance, of either the intelligence munity. The interest taken by the in- of the community or its civic interest dividual citizen in the comniunitv is a and generositv, and usuallv such an in- 134 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE stitution receives far less of sympathy and everybody is presumed to hav€ a part and support from the community than in its support, and it is most successful a public library which is conceived and when so achieved. ?fl^PI?^?5S .{: f [• ":-W.J maintained through the feeling of need The location of a public library is an and willingness to institute. The library important matter. It needs a central is for use, and for the use of everybody ; location more than it needs a large or a — SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 135 har.dsome building. It should not be re- the simplest possible furniture, using the moved to the central section of the resi- sectional cases, buying them in units as dence district, even though many of the needed. Alake it a rule to buy only such trustees of public libraries have so con- furniture in the beginning as is abso- cluded. It should be located in the lutely necessary, and as the library grows center of the daily movement of the more can be added. In some towns, it people. The public library is useful only will be better to build a two-story build- when people go to it and take of it. ing, and let there be a genuine cellar not a high basement. But be sure that Almost an)' community can afTord a whatever be the class of building, let it large and rented room located within the fit the community—not too classic, or busy section. The cost of the place is romantic, or gothic, but a good-looking thus made a small feature. If the money and useful-appearing building, harmon- ; -'^ ' d i: tM ''--. K "^ ^^P '^m^ Hk ' i p ss^^-iH'-i iW-;^ iZ'WIP*' "^^^^SH 1^ " '^^1 A Y. M. C. A. READING-ROOM can be secured, it is. of course, better to izing with other buildings in the town. have a library building, and if your com- The building that partakes of either the munity is fortunately able to build it is Greek temple or the Italian palace is well. But any community can have a unfit for a public library, and the more place—a room in which the librarian can the building resembles either the more keep the books and the records. The unfit for the purposes of a library. expense of such a modest place will be Get all possible floor space, and de- very small. mand of the architect the best lighting arrangement. Plenty of large windows are essential. If it is your purpose to erect a build- ing, build it simply. If your means are limited, and a one-story building is your When a two-story building is used, purpose, let there be just as much un- have the study and class-rooms on the broken floor space as possible, without ground floor, and the general room columns, arches, and ornament. Buy above. The books are the main essential. 136 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE and the trustees will do well to remem- a whole to do right within the walls of ber that there is no more useless lumber the public library. than unused books. People use a lib- rary, not because others wish them to My idea may be wrong, but I have use it, and not because of the attractive- always thought that it would be better ness of either building or bookbinding, to have the shelves open, in order that but because they wish to read and study, the people who desire to use the books and only the library will be used that con- could walk up to the shelves and look tains the books that please the people. with the same freedom that is permitted LIBRARY BUILDING AT UNIVgPSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA See to it, then, that the books are those by the bookseller. The whole library that are wanted, and keep this in mind should be permeated with a cheerful and throughout the passing year. The peo- accommodating atmosphere. The public ple are the real owners of the library, library is not a business office, although and as the owners it is certainly their it should be managed with businesslike privilege to be consulted in the purchase. methods in every detail. The public The successful test of the proper selec- library is a center of public happiness tion of the books in any library is the test first, and of public education afterward. of their use. Open wide the doors, and have as few and as simple rules as pos- In the administration, there will be sible, and trust the American people as necessary organization— trustees, who ; SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 137 w^U see to the employment of a librarian. able. Pay the librarian enough to per- The librarian is the important officer; mit proper thought and time for the she must run the library. I say "she," management of the enterprise. The good -for the reason that the best obtainable librarian will aid in planning the build- librarians today are women, and espe- ing, buy and arrange the furniture, and cially is this true of small libraries, or select the books. The good librarian libraries in small towns. The men who will have much to do with enlisting the er-ter this work are chiefly those who public both in supporting the library, have a ruling passion for books and the financially, and in using the library after care of them. They follow it because it is established. they cannot think of any other business which is as interesting and as satisfy- There are many such women, and ing to them. One of the most attractive after one has been found tet her run the fields of work to women is the librarian- library. Too many times the trustees ship. Many have entered the work, and spoil a library. The same men have long many of them are very clever. They since learned that, in their private busi- compete with one another, and so you ness, managers are expected to manage; can easily find a competent woman for but as soon as they are honored with a the place. In the beginning of a small trusteeship they immediately attempt to library, in a small town, it is often that a attend to the details of the business, and woman can be found in the community the result is injury. Let the librarian who is longing and looking for just the manage. The secret of good manage- place. She may not have had expe- ment lies in choosing a competent head, rience, but having the desire and the love and then giving absolute control over to of the work she will soon become valu- that head. More About North Carolina STATE pride is a large factor in the ing remarks were made by the stranger development of any commonwealth, —remarks reflecting upon the progress and North Carolinians have reason for of North Carolina. It was soon apparent strong feelings of joy because of the that the gentleman from Indiana had rapid progress of their own home land. seen very little of this State, and the Knowledge of conditions and of the little acquaintance he did have was with advancement being made is important. a section, small in extent, and which had One of the purposes in the mind of the made less progress than other sections. makers of this magazine is to bring be- It ga\e the writer great pleasure to tell fore the people of the Old North State, the stranger something of the farms and as well as other readers, facts concern- factories, the vineyards and orchards ing this—one of the better States of the the past, the present, and the future. LTnion. He was an appreciative listener. It was not necessary to be overly optimistic; Recently the writer was traveling to facts about North Carolina are sufficient the West. On the train, the acquaint- to hold the attention and evoke the inter- ance of a gentleman from Indiana was est of any man, no matter what section made. In the conversation, some slight- of the LTnited States mav be his home. : f3B SKY-LAND MAGAZINE and consequently, to him, the best sec- tural State, with a few small and ineffi- tion. cient manufacturing interests, some min- North CaroHnians need to talk of ing, and some mercantile establishments. their State more; but to talk of North It has been but very few years when Carolina it is necessary that we know many of the better fixed people of the therefore, publicity is important. It is State traveled to Baltimore and Rich- happy that the great railway systems mond twice a year to "do their shop- operating in this State are doing much ping,'' and it was not expected that North toward giving publicity to the possibilities Carolina establishments would rival the of the State, but they are doing it away mercantile concerns of those and other from home ; and North Carolinians need cities. Now, things are different. In to know North Carolina better. The every direction there are the smoke- time has been when the Tarheels were stacks of factories, the whirr of machin- unable, by reason of the ravages of war, ery, and the rushing, heavily-loaded to feel inclined to boast of the industrial, trains bringing and taking away products .Jl RICHMOND COUNTY COTTON FIELD the agricultural, the manufacturing in- of farm and mill. The larger towns of terests of their State. Then, as years the State have business establishments passed rapidly, and the almost super- equal to those of any other city. human efforts of the men of yesterday brought order from chaos, still the Tar- North Carolina is still primarily an lieel felt reluctant to boast. Today, the agricultural State, but the manufactur- conditions are different—marked prog- ing interests are coming very rapidly to ress, tremendous progress, has been the front. The census of 1890 stated made, and progress in the face that North Carolina farms produced of tremendous odds, and this is not something over sixty million dollars a time for foolish mock modesty. Tell worth of stuff in a year, while the factor- the story of the magnificent success of ies of the State fell behind that amount men to the world. Learn the facts, and somewhat in value of product. At the talk them on every opportunity. present time, however, factories and farms in North Carolina produce at least Not very many years ago. North Caro- five times as much as they did twelve lina was reckoned as purely an agricul- years ago. The State is twelfth in the — SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 139 States of the Union in the number of cotton mills in the United States work hands employed by the factories ; and, if here in North Carolina. Fifty thousand the reader can comprehend the fact, it people are on the payrolls of the cotton might be well to remember that in the mills of the State, and this industry is past ten years the value of the factory growing steadily in importance. Most output of this State has increased almost important after cotton is the tobacco seven times; and, if this rate of increase interest, and a well posted tobacconist be kept up, in one decade North Caro- states that the factories of North Caro- lina will stand among the first manu- lina are selling close to sixty million facturing States in the Union. dollars' worth of product every year, and employing" in the neighborhood of twelve North Carolina leads all of the South- thousand people. Then there are saw- ern States in the number of employees in mills, with thirty-five thousand hands, factories, and only one western State and an output of almost fifty million dol- Missouri—employs as many people in lars' worth of lumber every year. The manufacturing interests as do we here. tanneries and furniture factories follow ONE OF G.^STUN COUNTY S TKXTILE FACTORIES Going north of the Mason and Dixon successfully on the heels of the cotton line, we find two States—Massachusetts and tobacco interests. The tanneries of and Connecticut—with a factory popu- the State are selling more than five mil- lation as large as North Carolina. These lion dollars' worth of leather every year, statements are all the more remarkable and the furniture industry, measured by when you remember that ten years ago the value of the output, leads all other North Carolina made very little preten- furniture producing States of the Union. tion to a place among the manufactur- It is true that other States manufacture ing States, and very few citizens of this a higher grade, but none of them turns State had any idea that such a prominent out a larger amount. Lumber grows fast place would ever be held by the Old in this section, and it is stated that furni- North State. The advance has been so ture and other woodworking industries rapid and so unexpected that very few can be counted upon as permanent in- realize the importance of our State in terests in the State. the industrial world. It is said that here in North Carolina Leading in manufacturing interests in no less than fifteen industries turn out North Carolina is the cotton mill, and a product of more than one hundred one-tenth of all the hands employed in million dollars each year, while thirty 140 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE separate industries have a yearly prod- (3ne of the most noticeable facts in uct of a quarter of a million each, and looking over the statistics for 1912 is twenty-five estimate their annual busi- the great increase in the production of ness at five hundred thousand dollars all the metallic minerals, as gold, silver, each. The marble and granite quarries copper, and iron ; and the production for of North Carolina are working more the first time in recent years in North than one hundred thousand hands in Carolina of lead and zinc. preparing the stone for market. North The bulk of the gold output was, as Carolina granite is recognized in the usual, derived from the lola mine, in world's stone market as one of the few Zvlontgomery County, which increased its best in quality. outptit considerably over that of any pre- Many other kinds of industry are rep- vious year. The silver is recovered as resented in the State. There are the a by-product in gold milling, or smelting great cottonseed crushing mills, the brick of ores of gold, copper, and lead. and tile factories, the fertilizer factories, Of the non-metallic minerals, the pro- the wagon and carriage factories, the duction of clay products, building stones, mattress factories, and in some of our and mica increased enormously over cities they are building agricultural im- previous years, there being an increase in plements and cotton mill machinery. Of value of $224,796 in building stones in the small agricultural implement factories 1912 over the 191 1 production. Of the there are more than twenty separate con- clay products, there was an increase of cerns in the State. $194,734, and mica, $38,770. There was also some increase in the production of talc, pyrophyllite, and feldspar. It would take too much space to spe- There was a decrease in the value of cialize concerning the manufacturing the production of mineral waters, sand development of North Carolina, and and gravel, precious stones, and barytes. many pages could be used in telling the There was a small production of tin. story of the agricultural development. On the whole, it will be seen that the The farmers are accepting the theory of mining and quarrying industries of the diversification of crops, better cultiva- State are increasing rapidly ; that there tion, and more thorough fertilization, was a very marked increase in the pro- and are successfully competing with the duction of all the minerals which are West in the production of grain and found in large commercial quantities in forage. They are increasing their yield the State, such as gold, silver, copper, of cotton until the bale to the acre is talc, stone, mica, iron, and clay products. common talk, and in some cases two Among the minor minerals, graphite bales from one acre is not extraordinary. dropped out again entirely, but there was Fruits are being shipped to northern a small production of coal. points, and in the eastern section of the The reports show that the total value State hundreds of acres, highly devel- of the mineral production during the year oped, have been turned into truck farms. 1912 was $3,492,587. This is an increase in five years of more than a million dol- lars. In addition to the importance of North Carolina as a manufacturing and agri- cultural State, there is still another in- The educational and religious interests terest which is worth while. of the State have not suffered through ! SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 141 the passing years of large industrial It is well for North Carolinians to growth. Graded school systems, with study the story of their own State, and modern and well-equipped school build- this story, especially of the progress in progressive teachers, and ings and the last ten years, would be like a page academies and colleges of the higher from some wonderful Eastern fable. In rank, have been builded and endowed. another ten years, North Carolina will Comnmnities have their religious be in company with the leading States meeting-houses, and they are the equal of the Union. of those in any city of other States. The people are happy and well to do. and the Give publicity to what we are. and future is bright. have faith in what we are to be The South on Wheels WITH commendable enterprise. The rapidly developing portion of the choicest Atlantic Coast Line Railroad section of America. Great interest in Company is making an effort to this stroke of enterprise on. the part of tell the story of the greatness of the Atlantic Coast Line is being mani- the Coast States to the Northern peo- fested in the five South Atlantic States ple. During the latter part of August, to which attention is to be attracted by a rolling agricultural and horticultural showing the goods. Sky-Land under- exhibit started through the New Eng- stands that the exhibit is to be the finest land States and Canada. Leaving Wil- e\-er sent North, and it is needless to say mington, a special car made a straight that it will be an eye-opener to all pros- run to Toronto, Canada, and will remain pecti\-e homeseekers or in\estors. in that city until September 8. The car, with its exhibits, will come Here in this delightfully luxuriant and back to the United States, and follow an productive portion of the Nation's Gar- itinerary through the New England den Spot, we never cease wondering at States. The car will remain on its and proclaiming the simply astonishing journey until November i, and thou- rarity of climate and versatility of pro- sands of people will thus get a glimpse of duction of this section. Its inconceiv- the numerous products of this versatile able adaptability for farming, horticul- section. ture, fruit growing, stock raising, and dairying always challenges our wonder- In this manner the Atlantic Coast ing faculties. Line, like other railroad companies of The contrast of Western products the State, is systematically following up with those of the Nation's Garden Spot its enterprising and commendable policy will cause many to marvel why it is that of advertising the marvelous resources eastern North Carolina is not overrun of the Nation's Garden Spot. The car with homeseekers from Canada and the will carry exhibits from North Caro- North. The Western exhibit plays up lina, A'irginia, South Carolina, Georgia, with wheat, oats, barley, alfalfa, Irish and Florida, and there will be a magnifi- potatoes, celery, apples, and some varie- •pent display of products illustrating the ties of fruits, but no corn, as it is taken unmatched productive versatility of this for granted that everybody knows that ! ; — 142 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE the West grows corn. The contrast is Even the stock raising and dairying wondrously strange when it is noted adaptabilities of the South cannot fail that a display of Southern products in- to be appreciated when its mild climate cludes all those products, besides such and unrivaled grazing and forage-grow- peculiarly Southern moiicy crops as cot- ing ability are considered. Last year the ton, tobacco, rice, sugarcane, all varieties Coast Line's rolling fair contained ex- of fruits, and everything under the sun hibits of twenty-one different varieties ir. the way of melons and vegetables. of forage. The productive premiership of the South North Carolinians rejoice that this shows out boldly when it is realized that great railroad system is so effectually it grows almost everything that is grown emphasizing the resources of its terri- in America and Europe, besides a score tory, and it is specially gratifying to of products that other countries cannot know that its Garden Spot display is to grow. be permanent in its character. 4'***##*##*^ '4-*#######4'4*4-'# # -|'4-'#^4'4*4*s|»=4-*4»4* All we have is just this minute: Many men spend the early part of Do it now their lives contributing to render the Find your duty, and begin it latter part miserable. Do it now ! Surely you're not always going be "a going-to-be," and knowing To If you haven t already done so, why You must sometime make a showing. in the world don't you subscribe for Do it now ! SKY-LAND? A woman writer proclaims that the eye, voice, and manner can be trained to The average man divides his time be- of deceive, but that the hand always tells tween dreams tomorrow and regrets the truth. Alas, they always wear of yesterday. gloves. If people were as much afraid of flies \"\ ise people who give advice do well a? they are of bad water, there would be to emphasize the importance of the little less typhoid. things, the importance of the common- place. The line of demarcation between the living and the non-living things is here Little white angel-thought, activitv. Reaching some weary one Unseen, a stray beam caught From Love's great sun. Pleasure is a jewel which will only retain its luster when it is in a setting of We need sanctified imagination to work. help us to be zealous in good work, and there must be reason back of it. Never be jealous of the other man. There is room for more men. The man who says that he would rather have smallpox than be vaccinated Sad to relate, womanly women are never had the smallpox. becoming as rare as orchids. • SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 143 IN NORTH CAROLINA'S CALCIUM LIGHT Henry Groves Connor \\ ritten for Ski-Land WHEN President William Howard was born—July 3, 1852, was the natal Taft looked about for a suitable day of Henry Groves Connor. Four man. one worthy of the position, well years after this, David Connor and qualified, and properly equipped both by his wife, Mary C, located in the town reason of training as well as in actual of Wilson. The young son counts his experience on the bench, it was fitting residence in Wilson from that hour, and that he should have selected Henry through the years \\ ilson has been his Groves Connor, LL.D.. of Wilson, and heme. named this man as the Judge of the United States Court for the Eastern Like unto the story of the lives of District of North Carolina. Wilson peo- other men. this story can be told briefly, ple feel that I'resident Taft deserves Henry G. Connor was sent 'to school— some credit for the selection of this his parents may have had dreams of Democrat to wear the judicial robe, future possibilities—at any rate, they thereby giving expression to the import- sent the boy to the school, and here he ance of ability rather than political received his education. Reaching- young alignment. n:anhood. he chose the law for a pro- Wilson town, regardless of color, race, fession, and entering the office of Mr. or previous condition, delight to honor George W. Whitfield he accomplished the lives of men who have made good. two very important objects—mastered From the town, large-minded men have the chosen profession, and secured a gone forth to make history, in legislative splendid wife. He was married to Miss halls, in executive positions, and on the Kate Whitfield, the daughter of George bench. Of the many, however, not one W. \Vhitfield and .M. L. Wimijerly has a stronger hold upon the hearts of Whitfield. Wilson people than Henry Groves Con- nor, who has lived his life in the midst The life of Judge Henry Groves Con- of the community. From boyhood, the nor has been a busy life. It has been a town of Wilson was his home. Here he life of achievement. He became early went to the schoolhouse along with other noted for his ability. He was a student, boys and girls ; later, to the Academy. and with it a man of leadership. In the Here he studied law. Wilson men, those year 1884, \\'ilson County sent Henrv older men, have always delighted in the Groves Connor to the State Senate. In honor and integritv of ludge Connor. that body he was a worker, and was the author of what is known as the "Connor Henry Groves Connor, the son of Act." the law requiring the registration David Connor and Mary C. Groves, was of deeds and like papers. The next year born in Wilmington, N. C. His parents, other honors came to him. and it was in natives of Florida, moved to the seaport 1885 when Gov, A. M. Scales appointed town in 1846, and six years later a son Henrv Groves Connor to the Superior — 144 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE Court bench. The following year the he achieve his purpose. He has won for people elected him to the full term as himself honorable place as one of the Superior Court Judge. In this position leaders in the prof ession, , and is easily Judge Connor served until October i6, recognized as a master workman. 1893, when he resigned and returned to It is told that Judge William Gaston, his law practice. in a letter to W. B. Meares, once said that the qualifications which combine to Men of marked ability and well-known make an illustrious lawyer are "an inti- honor are always needed in public life. mate and thorough acquaintance with Judge Connor could not remain out of legal science; a facility in expressing his service to the people, and in 1898 he was thoughts clearly, correctly, and agree- elected a member of the State Legisla- ably, in so arranging and combining them ture, and when that body met he was in argument as to illustrate, convince, chosen as the Speaker of the House. In persuade ; unremitting attention to the 1902, the people spoke again, and Judge interests of his clients ; incorruptible Connor became one of the associate integrity.' judges of the State Supreme Court These are fitting expressions of the and the election was unanimous. Within life purpose and character of Henry a very few years, in 1909, President Taft Groves Connor. Absolutely honest, con- appointed Henry Groves Connor as the stantly earnest, unceasingly clear- Judge of the I'nited States Court for minded, he has become an illustrious the Eastern District. lawyer. In reference to the professional ability The life of Judge Connor has been a of Judge Connor, the tribute which he busy life. There were no days of idle- himself paid to another—Hon. George ness, watching for straggling clients. Davis—aptly suits the purpose of the Moments of time were utilized in larger writer of this sketch. It was during the preparation. Later, when life became delivery of an address at the unveiling of still more busy—for Judge Connor was the statue of George Davis, at \\'ilming- one of the "busy lawyers"—a little time ton, in 191 1, when Judge Connor said: was found for following after literary "Having determined to make of him- pursuits. The history of letters in this self a lawyer, in the largest and best State has been enriched by reason of a sense of the word, Mr. Davis devoted number of contributions from the richly- his time and attention to the study and filled mind of the jurist. In the "Bio- practice of his profession He graphical History of North Carolina," found recreation, cultivated his taste, sketches of the following: Hon. George broadened his views, and made of him- Howard, Hon. \\'illiam T. Dortch, and self a thoroughly finished lawyer, by Hon. Charles M. Cooke, were written by a study of the masters in the field of Judge Henry Groves Connor. He was polite literature, history, and other a contributor to "Great American Law- sources of useful knowledge." yers," and wrote for that compilation a Such was likewise the early life of sketch of the life of Hon. William Gas- Henry Groves Connor. He came to the ton. The biographical sketch of study and practice of the law "resolved Judge James Iredell, in the "Penn- to master it ; not to play in its shallows, sylvania Law Review," was writ- but to sound its depths" ; and well did ten by Judge Connor ; and he also con- — SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 145 tributed biographical sketches of Dr. Speaker of the House of Representa- Kemp P. Battle and Hon. George Davis tives ; and, again following the history to the recently published "Library of of the father, George Connor is now Southern Literature." Two interesting Judge of the Superior Court, appointed historical pamphlets from the same to the place by Gov. Locke Craig. The gifted pen are published in the North second son, Henry Groves Connor, Jr., Carolina Booklet—these are accounts of is also a lawyer, and a member of the the "Hillsboro Convention of 1788" and firm of Finch & Connor, of Wilson, one the "Constitutional Convention of of the leading law firms of the judicial I835-" district. The L'niversity of North Carolina, in just recognition of the broadly cultivated Judge Henry Groves Connor resides mind of Judge Connor, conferred on him in Wilson, and with his wife and chil- the degree of Doctor of Laws, at the dren the family home is delightfully Commencement in 1907. happy. Beloved by the citizenship of the community, enjoying their confidence Henry Groves Connor married Miss and esteem, and showing the attractive Kate Whitfield, daughter of George disposition of the genuine Southern \\'hitfield and M. L. Wimberly \\'hit- hospitality and bigheartedness. Judge field, of Wilson. To this union have and Mrs. Connor are surrounded by friends, and cannot name an enemy. come nine children—six sons : Judge for life in George W. Connor, H. G. Connor, Jr., Living years a of uprightness R. D. W. Connor, David M. Connor, the community, true to their principles Fred Woodard Connor, and Louis M. and true to their country, they have com- Connor; and three daughters: Mrs. H. pelled the respect and confidence of every C. MacNair, Mrs. H. H. Murray, and man, woman, and childj regardless of Mrs. R. B. Simpson. station or faith. It is interesting to note the similarity in the upward steps of the eldest son It is the living of such lives as that Judge George ^^'. Connor. Like the spent for fifty years by Judge Henry father, he accepted law as a life work, Groves Connor that makes the Old and has given the profession his earnest North State a leader in the circle of effort. \Mlson County sent George Con- States. It is such lives that place the nor to the Legislature^ and following in Old North State in the forefront, and the footsteps of his father he became the bring her into the limelight. ####4-**###4'#*#*##**#*4'#**4'###4-l^4**##4# Six years ago, the L^nited States had, who live in the Western section, could in round numbers, eighty-seven millions go into extensive cattle raising, with a of people, and seventy-two million head prospect of large financial gain and of cattle. This year there are ninety-six without the necessity of much expended million people, and forty-six million capital. head of cattle. It is not unnatural for meat to be selling at a high price. North It takes a level head to stay cool and Carolina farmers, and especially those stay on the job in the face of obstacles. 146 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 147 DESCRIPTIVE ARTICLES The Mountain and the Fountain By Luke Dixon THE journey up the Blue Ridge muscular mountaineer, in the open door- Mountain, on the Southern Rail- way of which often stands the blushing way, from Old Fort to Ridge Crest, is mountain maiden, upon whose simple, indeed one of varied views and ever dimpled face is pictured innocence and changing charm of shifting scenery: and confiding grace. '.%---: '*"*': -: • "''::". ; ^-^ ISasMliLf.mui,. i»J».'.iriimtB*?iM^^^P^B(sia&^. '^- . .^^^^^/^S^tSKBBg^^BSSB^^^UB^^ ^-J^"^^ •—--"^- — —^.•'".'^r ANDREWS FOUNTAIN, AT ROUND KNOB includes the Andrews Fountain, at Thence, rounding the rough ravines, Round Knob, now so noted for its where grows in lusty luxuriance the royal perennial beauty, since this geyser gushes rhododendron and princely pine, and gracefully and gratuitously, both night where runs, leaps, and bounds, and and day. through summer's sweltering dashes down, the swiftly-flowing, serpen- sunshine and winter's wild, weird wind. tine-growing, strenuous stream. ''An- Leaving Old Fort, the run is made drews Fount" is found, where the Knob through a narrow valley, or continuous is Round. cove, in which are located a few cozy Here, with charming curves, the ro\- country cottages, partially surrounded by ing, rounding railroad, leaving the old young, growing orchards, while ever and trail road, describes, with side-swipe anon is seen the typical log cabin of the sweep, and serpent-like creep, the letter — 148 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE "S''—singularly significant of superb ^Airy. N. C), ten feet in length, upon scenery. And here, within the sloping the back of which is firmly fastened a sides this of "S," is luckily located "An- bronze tablet, upon which is the inscrip- drews Geyser,'' which sends skyward, tion dedicating the geyser to the memory two hundred feet, a cool, clear stream and honor of Col. A. B. Andrews. The of pure water. From "Koontz's Klon- concrete, marble, and brass will almost dike" cloistered cove, at the alluring fore\-er last, while the fountain (like the altitude of 555 feet further in the for- brook ) will flow on forever, as a "thing est, and through the fount's silvery spray of beauty and a joy forever'' to innumer- the sun's prismatic ray, even on cloudless able delighted beholders, and stand as a day, rare rainbows doth portray. silent sentinel, steadfastly safeguarding This bountifully beautiful mountain this superb scenic spot upon the South- fountain has been designated as "An- ern, and will continue to commemorate, drews Geyser," and is dedicated to Col. for numberless years, Colonel Andrews' Alexander Boyd Andrews, of Raleigh, splendid service to this system. N. C, first vice-president of the South- ern Railway, in honor of his valiant and Tourneying on up the mountain from valuable services rendered this railroad the fountain, the railroad's winding way during the five years' period of railroad again passes this geyser, and then pro- reconstruction in the Old North State, ceeds, rounding numerous curves and years ago. passing through several short tunnels, being alternately underground and then Mr. George Fisher Baker, of New out upon the scaly sides of the craggy York, had this fountain erected at a cost clifts, at times almost suspended in mid- of five thousand dollars. The work was air, while pleasing, picturesque pano- splendidly superintended by Mr. \\'. W. ramas pass before the enraptured vision, Reister, bridge foreman of the Asheville- of verdant vales, knotty knobs, and Salisbury division of the Southern. The towering mountain tops, well-nigh pierc- beauteous basin into which the fountain ing the sunlit sky; and far away vistas flows is made of concrete, and is in the of mountain mazes of spread-out significant shape of a five-leafed clover splendor, almost supernal, stretch out in representing the five years" service ; the the dim distance. iron pipe which conveys the water down from the dam above is five inches in Finally Ridge-Crest is reached, and diameter, and the source of supply is at rightly is it named, for it is the crest of an elevation of 555 feet above the foun- the Blue Ridge Mountains, and thence tain (same height as the Washington the road glides gracefully downward Monument ; also note same significant along the gray gleam and serpentine figure, five). swish of the sonorous Sv^^annanoa, and Near by this graceful geyser, sits a afterward arrives at Asheville—the atr gray granite seat (marble from Mount tractive mountain metropolis. **#444**####*###****#*4-4=*#***###*#4'** Idle people have glib tongues. All things vital tend to grow. Good comes to those prepared for it. A woman may be judged by her hatpins. I ; SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 149 IN THE REALM OF RETROSPECTION The Call By Sereca Trelsoe IF YOU feel languid these balmy days, revealeil by the son of the twentieth cen- go into the fields, into the fresh green tury. wood; listen to the voices of Nature; He has read the secrets of the farth- see the reaper cutting the golden grain est star, compassed the mysteries of and breathe the fragrance that still ling- earth, robbed old ocean of its pearls, ers about sun-kissed meadows and crim- and placed a billion blazing suns upon son clover. Everything is alive with the the brow of night; already his army is vibrant leap of life. The sky seems thundering at the gates of Ignorance, clearer, and further oS you have greater Doubt, and Superstition ; he speaks, and ; space to think in, to breathe in. There, from the polished disc unseen lips an- with your being alive with the joy of swer; he imprisons the light of other living, consider the problem of life. worlds, and in his laboratory transmutes realities into characters that will never die urn, fairy palace, that Yesterday is gone. —marble and Today will soon be recorded among will withstand the sack of time; fade- the things of the past. less flowers that will blossom for the Tomorrow holds ajar the gates of brow of fame ; the smile, the grace, the Opportunity. beauty—the dramatic power of Bern- From the horizon of your life a Genius hardt, or Mansfield, that will delight the calls. He cannot come to you. You heart of posterity. must go to him. In such an age, surely Richelieu's In his grasp he holds out to you the words should be true: "There is no symbol of your greatest power. Like a such word as fail." Will answer the call? \A'ill beacon it lights the path of your future. you you Will you allow the days to slip un- secure the prize ? heeded into months, and so into em.pty Determination is the file that will cut the chains that hold it. Arise. Throw years, unheeding the call ? ofi" variegated cloak Will you enter, and let the gate close your of wonder, behind you, with only the cry of defeat doubt, and hesitation, and begin to file. echoing in your soul—defeat, because you stand empty-handed before a prob- Every great work ever accomplished, lem against which you have no weapon every grand poem or painting produced, of defense? was prompted by the call of a greater Will you see the hopes of tomorrov/ power. vanish into the dusk of yesterday? Emerson said, "If a man can write a Will you hear the call with lips that better book, preach a better sermon, or are unable to answer, and hands that are make a better mousetrap than his neigh- helpless to aid? bor, even though he live in the forest, The rays of the magical lamp could the world will make a beaten track to his not encompass the mysteries that are duor.'' Strive to realize this, and in the ; 150 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE realization, at each step gained, you file soot and smoke of the factory he too will the chains which bind Success. Genius command. cannot exist in shackles. It must be The Scotch lad, watching, the trembling free. The mirror of knowledge is greater lid of the kettle, and listening to the call than the shield of war. It is the weak, of the steam spirits to release them, the helpless that fall from the ranks. heard, and his answer has moved the Whether in the light of prosperity or the world. gloom of despair, man hears the call. It enters his soul; listening, he should Across the waters of a boundless sea, struggle on. Finally, the summit Columbus caught the message, and an- reached, he will clasp hands with Vic- swering he found a world. That world tory. whose chief Republic lifts the call of liberty above the homes of ninety mil- Eveiy life is not iitted for the same lion people. The call to rally around paipose. So the minds of men catch the that symbol whose stripes of freedom vision in different lights. he't the globe, and whose stars cast the The how of Paganini will not betid beacon of liberty around the world. above the path of Marconi or Edisor As the call of the future may make but the pen will write "In hoc signo vin- us ever strive to attain loftier heights, ces" upon the horizon of a young Addi- the call of the past may also direct the son, ar;d the cycle of Midas will some course of our lives. the toil. day rejilace iron wheels of "I hear you calling me, though years The mechanic realizes this when he Have stretched their weary length between. hears the whirr of progress. He is an- I stand—do you behold me listening here? Hearing your voice through all the years be- swering the call. He foresees the time, tween. if he has tut the endurance to wait, and My heart still hears the distant music of your the ambition to soar, when instead of the voice." Some Needed Visions Written for Sky-L.\nd IN our childhood days, we often spent stances, the very beginnings of great- hours building castles in the air—cast- ness. He who, in his boyhood, sees les whose high towering turrets almost visions of greatness, and spends hours kissed the great blue sky. Those were planning for the future, comes very soon happy days—days of hope and days of to believe in the possibility of the suc- dreaming. In childhood's simplicity there cessful culmination of the dream. was the expectation of achievement. Day-dreamers we were, and we were Self-confidence is \'aluable. The often laughed at by parent and friends. dreamer who believes is apt to strive We would tell of the visions of the mightily to bring to pass. Faith in a future, and older folk would smile. vision begets effort and determination. Older people are sometimes wrong when Determination is the forerunner of a they smile at the dreaming of the child. spirit of self-sacrifice—a necessity, if Those day-dreams are, in very many in- achievement of the youthful dreams be — SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 151 reached. 'Slen need visions. This is an The life lived with this vision constantly ag€ of activit}'. We live hurried lives. present is the self-restrained life. That We do things quickly. Every man is life is spended not with a \-iew of self- being driven these days. There is very gratification, but with the constant pur- little time for contemplation, and even pose of God-glorification. less for serious reflection. In the olden days, there was more time. There was less of the rush and bustle. The old Man needs a vision of Brotherhood. adage, "Think twice before you speak," \Miat is brotherhood? A fellowship of loving hearts. Brotherhood implies the was taken as a good motto : but in these days it is not so. consciousness of common responsibilities, duties, The adage of this age is rather, "Speak common and a common destiny. twice before you stop to think.'' Not "Am I my brother's keeper?'' That ques- that thought is not necessary, but that tion was the beginning of strife. The action is imperious. In this hurrying, observance of the commandment of rushing, busy day, visions are needed to Jesus Christ will be the end of the lead men aright. The vision going be- strife. Progress in civilization is the fore brightens the way. movement towards brotherhood. Brother- hood is the dynamite of civilization. The redeemed world will not be a reality until Alan to day needs a \ision of God there comes a vision of brotherhood. God as master of the man's life; God the controlling factor in the deeds of the man's day ; God the guiding power of Man needs a vision of sacrifice. The every existence: God the author of law: great sacrifice was on Calvary. \Mien and God demanding obedience. Islan the Son of God died to save man, then needs a vision of God as constantly man first received the vision of brother- present, and with the all-seeing eye. hood. He gave his life. Gave it for Man needs to remember that his every brother-man. The life sacrificed on thought, word, and action is subject to Calvary was the light of men. The cross the scrutiny of the ever-present God. is a revelation of the love of the Father. If he loved the poorest, the lowliest, and the vilest, with a passion which even Alan needs a vision of the true ideal of death could but faintly express, surely life. What is life? The mere making of we who are saved through the cross a name? The mere spending of time? should love one another. Brotherhood The mere gathering of means ? The is loving one another as Jesus loved men. mere climbing of the ladder and the How did Jesus love men? The only reaching of the topmost round? Get a answer is the cross. Christ identified true vision of the real life. j\Ian needs himself with the sinner and outcast, the it to keep him from casting away re- lonely, the leper, the publican. Jesus straint. Life means more than mere said, "Inasmuch as ye did it unto me." existence. The creator of the life is cer- Alan, to understand true brotherhood, tainl}'- entitled to receive some honor must have a vision of true sacrifice. from the product of his creative art. 'Life, properly lived, should reflect credit to the creator. Every day is an oppor- Alan needs a vision of success. This tunity to honor the God who made man. life means a twofold success. Success ! ; ; 152 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE from one viewpoint is the well-lived mination which is begotten by constant 'existence here. Life resultant in honor vision. to the creator. From another viewpoint, the successful life is the life which The ideal life, the well-lived life, is reaches the goal. The goal is home not — the vision-led life. The man who con- the place of abode for a season ; rather stantly sees before him visions beckon- the real home, from which there is not ing onward and upward; the man who separation. Every life longs for a home. follows his vision, provided it be the Struggle and battle for a home. God, right vision ; reaches the goal. Of the the creator, the controller, oilers every Galilean teacher it was said, "He stead- life an eternal home ; offers it with but fastly set his face toward Jerusalem.'' slight conditions attached, and these con- In this rushing, busy age, with its temp- ditions can be met by everyone. Let a tations and trials, its opportunities and vision of that home constantly before responsibilities, every man should set his the eye lead to true success. face Zionward. Keep the vision of the Fail ? There can be no failure with holy city before us, and with eyes con- such a vision leading, and with the deter- stantly on that vision run well the race. #^#4:1^ It is a pity our legislators have not God's plans, like lilies pure and white unfold must not tear the closed, apart. always accorded \\'oman the square deal. We shut leaves Time will reveal the calyxes of gold. The window-smashing suffragette would And if through patient toil we reach the land less frequent ; home-makers, happy be Wliere tired feet with sandals loosed may rest. firesides, larger families would be more When we shall clearly see and understand, ir evidence, if men had in the past dealt [ think that we shall say "God knows the best." more fairly with women. Some years ago John Ruskin said that If you've found a task worth doing, women could make war impossible if Do it now they only cared as much about prevent- In delay there's danger brewing, ing it as they cared for the preservation Do it now Don't you be a by-an-byer of their china. And a sluggish patience tryer If there's aught you would acquire, It is a pity that man's oppression of Do it now woman has led her to deeds of violence. These are strenuous days. Freight Because of this, some leniency should rates, amendments to the Constitution, be exercised in condemning her for her tariff bill discussion, the Mexican situa- militancy. tion, and last but by no means the least Colonel Mulhall. Newspaper readers — Will the people who believe in co- watch headliness just now. operating in State-wide upbuilding, please subscribe for SKY-LAND? Taking into consideration the entire population of the earth, only one person ir one hundred lives to be sixty-five If you would not be accused of selfish- years of age. ness, do something: for the other man. SK^'I.AND MAGAZINE 153 THE NORTH CAROLINA POETS' CORNER ^eggy By Ida Clifton Hinsliaw THERE came a bit of dusky pnrple-lilue late in today's sky. Tonight it haunts me—haunts me—it makes me cry. For Peggy's dear eyes black-lashed, had borrowed that magic hue; Winsome eyes, wistful tender eyes of wonder dusky purple-blue! Ah! if I could but paint a portrait of her flower-like face. My every wall adorned would be, with her winsome grace! Some a-smiling at me, as the sun's pale yellow mellowed into night, Or lovingly from the meadows gleam of daisies snowy white. Night has come, black, black night—not a glimmering star yet, My eyes dulled with hopeless watching, are stinging wet. And oh! that delicious Past—it would not with me stay. And oh ! that bit of purple-blue, like her eyes—it too followed the day.! That wonderful rose of a Past, and the wide dreary Now, The long dusty path to be traversed—somehow, somehow! Would that I, too, could sleep in "God's-acre" by her dear side, Peggy! come back to vie—little wonder girl —my bonny bride! A Prayer By Lila Ripley Barnwell ACROSS the miles to you, dear heart. The thought of you makes time seem bright. Come love and faith each day from me. It helps me through the long, long day. though we now must be apart And j^„j ;,., jj^g q^jgt [^^^^s of night I guard by earnest plea: you my I thi„k of you so far away; I always pray this little prayer— Then ere I sleep I pray this prayer- God keep you safely everywhere. God keep you safely everywhere. Today I not touch your hand. may With arms outstretched, I turn my eyes look your dear, strong face; Nor upon Qut to the world where still you roam; But Ah, you know and understand Each day I wait the glad surprise The words that fly across the space. That brings you back to me and home, there is just this And ever prayer— While always for you is this prayer- God keep you safely everywhere. God keep you safely everywhere. The Land of the Balsam liy Walter Hamilton Candler LAND of the balsam, smiling in splendor. North Carolina, land of my dreaming, Out from the borderland, mystic and old. Land of the lover, the loved, and the lost; Sweet are thy memories, precious and tender. Cherish thy legends, with tragedy teeming, Linked with thy summers of azure and gold. Legends where love reckoned not of the cost. : ; ! —; ; ! 154 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE Land ot the brave, my heart's in thy keeping. Or, for the loved and lost tenderly sobbing. And life's sweetest story, how can I forget Drop to that cadence that whispers of tears. Calm are the vales where silences sleeping Land of the balsam, here's to thy glory! Wake into melodies tinged with regret. Here's to thy daughters, as fair as the dawn 1 Let the full chorus of life's music, throbbing, Here's to thy pioneer sons, in whose story Swell to full harmony born of the years Valor and love shall live endlesslv on. A Question in Theology SAY, whar wuz Jesus bawn ? En Ole Unc' Joe he snicker I ax you, Lizer Ann, En I cal'late I see I heah de Scriptures say dat He How dat boy en dat fool nigger Wuz a moughty pow'ful man. Wuz mekin' fun ob me. One preachah say dat Jesus Say, whar wuz Jesus bawn ? Wuz a lowly Nazarene; I ax you Lizer Ann, Anudder say, Near Beflehem, I heah de Scriptures say dat He Dat Star ob de Eas' wuz seen. Wuz a moughty pow'ful man. Den I ax mah young Marse Bobby, Now, 'ca'se j-ou go to college, 'Ca'se I fought he orter know Doan' cuhl yo' lips in scawn, He winks en says, "in de bulrushes,' W'en en ignerent nigger ax you En nudges ole Unc' Joe. Whar Jesus Christ wuz bawn. The Judgment Day E Jedgment Day will soon be heah— En ax you 'bout dat chicken roost D Say, nigger, whar'll you be? How many chickens you took. A-settin' up pious in de meetin' house, Er up in a 'simmon tree ? En 'bout dat big fat 'possum. You ketched on de Sabbath day ^Meekly readin' ob de Scripters. De watermilyuns you cudden' let 'lone- Er prayin' on bended knees? Say, nigger, what you gwine say? A-hoein' lak mad in de cotton patch, Er a-pickin' ob de peas ? W'en Gabr'el blasts dat trumpet. Huh Dat nigger he gwine drap daid Now, de good Saint Peter am gwineter He'll be so pow'ful scairt he won't Open dat Jedgment book, Be fiten to raise hees haid. 4***4-i--##*########4***#**###4~*##4-#*****# An ounce of a man's own wit is worth \\ ire screens in the windows may more than a ton of another's. keep crape from the door. I^ose grip on self, and you become Dig up the weeds, but be sure that you either a fanatic or a coward. fill the soil with good seed. Men have been largely responsible for DO IT NOW ! In other words, sub- women's fight for the ballot. scribe for SKY-LAND. ; SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 15: FICTION The Deception By Eliza H. Nelson TOM POWERS was known in his Tom, of course, knew of the consterna- home town of Shelbyville, and in tion he was causing in these fair breasts the many small surrounding towns, as but, as he was accustomed to this kind the greatest flirt in Kentucky. There of thing, he went serenely on his way. was scarcely a pretty and attractive girl One summer morning, while on the who was not able to say that she was the train traveling from Chattanooga to only girl he had ever really loved, and Knoxville, he was roused by a light even the homely ones could think of touch on his arm from a deep perusal of times when they had received glances the Shelbyville paper, in which he was from Tom which had caused their reading of a cotillion that had been hearts to beat faster. But although he danced the week before. The porter was so skillful a lady-killer, he boasted handed him a telegram. Opening to himself that in all his twenty-five it Cjuickly, he read : "Pass Knox- years he had never lost his heart, and ville, and go on immediately to had never had a single girl, known or Asheville, N. C." As he had no par- unknown, refuse to flirt with him. ticular friends in Knoxville, Tom was Now, to be a successful business man, glad enough to be able to pass through one must have plenty of good common and proceed to a new place, which he sense ; but to be a successful traveling had always understood was delightfully man it seems more important to be well cool and pleasant, as well as a great dressed and gracefully conversational. summer resort. Besides being these, Tom was good look- All during the hot afternoon trip he ing and amiable, and made friends very thought of the pleasure he would have easily. He had traveled for a New that night at the beautiful Battery Park York firm for three years, and in that Hotel, where he intended to stay. He time had been singularly successful for knew that a great many wealthy men so young a man. He was well liked by sent their families there to spend the the merchants in the small towns to summer, and he therefore imagined that which he went, and they would often there would be plenty of pretty girls ask him to their houses to meet their roaming around the hotel with whom he wives and daughters. If he was invited might become acquainted. once, he was always sure to be invited Dusty, hot, and travel-worn did Tom again ; and after his departure the town arrive at the hotel. The veranda was seemed dull and colorless to those deserted. No one was to be seen except maidens so fortunate as to possess mer- a few little children, who had already chants as fathers. They would im- been dressed for the evening, and were mediately begin to plan to have a new playing in the hall while waiting for frock for the time of his next arrival, their mothers. After registering, Tom or would mentally rearrange the parlor went to his room, and an hour and a furniture in order to create a better im- half later started downstairs again. pression on the fascinating stranger. Soft strains of music, mingled with the : : 156 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE sound of laughter and conversation, amused at something, and the two went issued from the dining-room. As he out together. walked in, he was conscious of many a The dining-room was rapidly becom- feminine eye directed toward him and ing empty, and Tom decided to walk following him as he was shown by an out on the veranda and watch the couples promenade past him. He was obsequious waiter to a small table. becoming worried over the fact that no After giving his order, he turned an girl had more than looked at him, and observant eye on the crowd assembled in that he had been in the hotel now for the dining-room. three hours or more, and as yet had re- As is usually the case in summer ceived not one look of encouragement in hotels, there were a great many girls, return for the numerous glances that he and comparatively few men ; and it had sent out. Thoroughly disgusted, he seemed to Tom Powers that the femin- leaned against a post at the far end of ine portion was unusually attractive. A the porch and smoked a cigarette. few minutes after his dinner had been Standing there, he noticed two ladies, served him, his attention was attracted who seemed to be mother and daughter, to an extremely pretty girl who had in deep conversation, not far away. just come in, and who was engaged in They talked a little together, and as they conversation with the social directress. walked off he heard the daughter say She was finall}- shown to a table some "Why, mother; I wouldn't worry over him ; he's playing around with some of distance from him ; but it was in such a position that he could see her very the children somewhere." This was all plainly. She was evidently not he heard as they entered the door of the acc|uainted with anyone in the room, for dancing-hall, and he thought no more she was quite alone, and he saw her about it. In fact, he was thinking speak to no one. There was something seriously of going up to his room, when about her face which continually drew he saw coming toward him the girl whom Tom's eyes toward her. He could not he had noticed in the dining-room. She understand why this was, for he had was still accompanied by the social seen much better looking girls than she directress, and the two seemed to be hav- but something particularly winsome and ing a jolly time together. Just as they sweet in her made him look toward her passed, the social directress whispered again and again. She was dressed all in something to the girl, who turned around white—dress, shoes, and a big lingerie and deliberately winked at him. Rather hat. From under the hat Tom saw red- taken aback, but nothing daunted, he dish-golden hair and a pair of big blue proceeded to follow the couple as they e3'es, a straight little nose, and a mouth sauntered on down the porch. As they rather large but well formed. To Tom neared the end, the directress suddenly she seemed to be behaving in a rather turned and came back toward him ; but, peculiar way, as if she were very ill-at- without glancing in his direction, she ease, and yet trying, as best she could, went through one of the doors, as not to show it. After eating whal; though in a great hurry. seemed to him an extremely hearty meal Taking this for his cue, our friend for a young lady, she walked over to the Tom stepped toward the girl who had door, where she was joined by the social had the temerity and indiscretion a few directress, who seemed to be verv much minutes before to wink at him, and re- : ! SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 157 marked in his most winning manner: But, oh, horror ! oh, what deception "What a lovely night to talk with a Tom Powers saw the beautiful hair over !'" lovely girl which he had been raving to her during On hearing his voice, she turned as if the evening come off with the hat. And startled; but on seeing who it was she in the place of his flirtatious lady an stepped just a fraction closer to him, extremely impudent-looking little boy and said in a very coquettish little tone was standing. Utterly dumbfounded, "Do you think I'm lovely enough?" Tom stood open-mouthed. The small This was sufficient for Mr. Powers, imp was rapidly walking oit, shrieking led and as he her to a seat at the end of with merriment, when it suddenly came the veranda, which was bathed in moon- to Tom how completely he had been light, he silently thanked his lucky stars taken in and made a fool of. With an that things had finally taken a turn, and oath he sprang forward, clutched the that there was one girl at this rather olfender by his short hair, shook him tiresome hotel who could appreciate a savagely, and then began to pummel him. good-looking man when she saw one. Not liking this treatment, the mas- It is needless to relate what the two querader burst forth into vociferous talked of there in the moonlight— for are howls, which soon brought a crowd into not all moonlight conversations alike? the room. Someone pulled Tom away, Tom said the same things in the same and he swiftly left the room. Among way that he had said to many other those who hurried in was a lady with a girls before, and this girl listened in very anxious face, who, upon seeing the about the same that all way the other queer little figure standing there weeping girls had listened, except that a little so loudly, hurried forward, exclaiming: giggle would escape her sometimes, "Harry, what on earth is the matter? which seemed to Tom to be somewhat and what have you been doing?" out of place. Not that he minded In a small tearful voice he explained giggles, but he wanted them in their to her that he had only been having right setting. Finally the girl who had, — some fun while dressed up in his sister's after much persuasion, informed him clothes, and that the old mean man had that her name was Gwendolyn said — nearly killed him because he had kissed that she must go in, as it was growing him good-night. late. He walked to the door of the hall with her, and as a fitting climax to the evening's frolic he asked very tenderly: That night a man was seen to arrive "And may I have just one good-night at the station two hours before any train kiss?" Laughingly she raised her face, could possibly be due. But upon being and he imprinted upon her lips a long, informed by the station-master of this lingering kiss. fact, he gruffly told him to mind his own Then she stepped back, almost con- affairs, and continued to walk up and vulsed with laughter, raised her hands. down outside the waiting-room, mutter- and snatched off the hat which she had ing unintelligible monosyllables to him- stubbornlv refused to remove before. self. The first great rule in life should be Thirty million people speak the Portu- to do something. guese language. 158 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE Betty and the Baritone By Dorothy Douglas THE baritone's fine brows had low- Betty smiled triumphantly. "That is ered ominously. Betty gazed back exactly what they could not do. Neither at him in a sort of amazed incre- of those men felt that they had the right dulity. She had expected almost any- to chase musical butterflies when the thing but anger. The tears that had been girls they had married needed material perilously near to overflowing swept in- comforts. Tom took a position in the dignantly back, and a hard little glint village postoffice, and Ned is in the stole into her eyes. The fact that Milton chemist's shop," Beiity laughed ruefully. had failed to recognize the sacrifice she "You would probably have to become a was imposing upon herself, that he had first-class fruit vender." become angered when he shou'd have Suddenly the mantle of anger dropped been deeply grateful, added fuel to the from Milton's shoulders. After all, flame. Her eyes were mutinous, but her Betty was very young. Perhaps if he voice was very quiet when she spoke brought his argument down to everyday again. language he couM persuade her into his "I would not marry you now to save own way of thinking. a thousand careers— if you cannot see "No— I might have to take a few that I have refused you for your own pupils for the first year, but certain'y we sake— so that you may not be hampered could get three meals a day without the !'' by a wife pushcart." He laughed, then continued, "There is no hampering about it!' "And to be frank with you, Betty, 1 Milton contradicted hotly. "You know want to marry right away, because I very well that love only completes a fe'- am absolutely sick of living in a board- low's life. I want a home with you in ing-house. After being at the conser- it." vatory all day, it is horrible to come "A home takes money and time to home to a small room without a single build," replied Betty calmly. "You need comfort, and where there is no one to both your time and your money—just at welcome me, and ask me about my day." present—to build a career.'' Betty "You come here nearly every even- smi'ed a trifle wistfully. "Don't you ing, JMilton," interrupted Betty. recognize the failure Tom and Ned have The baritone smiled whimsically. It made. They both had promising voices seemed as if Betty would never under- and a good start toward success—until stand how great was his need of her. they married. Now they are struggling "It is not the same," he went on. along burdened with a wife and several "You are not mine, and there is the un- children, and all music is forgotten." certainty of not knowing whether you "I would give up all the music in the will be that keeps me constantly unset- world for you and three kiddies such as tled. I want my life planned to a certain Tom has," Milton put in stubbornly, extent, and with this new contentment I though he knew in his heart that Betty could make strides in my music that will had cited good cases. "Besides,'' he never be while I have to submit to the added, "neither Tom nor Ned had any nerve-racking distractions of boarding- backbone—they should have stuck it out houses." He turned swiftly toward her, in music." and all the love he possessed for her was —: SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 159 in his eyes, and a new determination The baritone's eyes winced, but he that Betty rather feared. "I lo\e you, unconsciously braced his shoulders. dear," he added ; "but if you will not "If you tind that you want to marry marry me now, I wi'd not ask you again, me, Betty dear, I hope you will let me but will look about for someone who know. If I have not already asked will." another girl, nothing will keep me from Betty gasped. A crimson spot coming for you." He turned and was splashed into her cheeks, and mutiny gone before Betty quite realized it. replaced the lo\'e that had been kindling Then she, too, braced her shoulders. in her eyes. A moment later she shook them as if "I was not aware that so many girls in an effort to shed a heavy burden. She were willing to accept the position of cast a pair of doubtful gray eyes toward housekeeper!" her reflection in the mirror, and won- "Nor am I," Milton retorted gravely, dered if she could stand the loss of her refusing to be angered, "but I do know baritone. that there are girls will love me. who In the evening she dressed without I want a wife now one who in later — m.uch ambition to dine with her uncle at years wi'.l realize that she has been the his boarding-house. As she entered the inspiration for all success. When my dining-room, the odor of cooking per- I have reached the top of the ladder, I meated her nostrils and made Betty don't want to stand on a step of my own pucker her brows. Later the stiff ser- building and remember only lonely strug- viettes, starched that they might do long gles. She, the woman whom I want, service, scratched her delicate lips. LTn- must share all the building with me consciously she shuddered and thought otherwise I will become a fruit vender. — of Alilton. The cooking was tasteless, Life must be a thing of partnership if — overdone, and badly served by slovenly it is to be a happy one." He ceased maids. speaking, and waited for Betty to give "Poor Milton,'' thought Betty, and him her answer. His lips were smiling, found that her heart was beating in but his eyes reflected an unwavering de- sympathy for him who had to sit down termination. three times a day for his meals in a "I stand by my original belief," she boarding-house, "There is not much to finally said. "Marriage wou'.d hamper keep up one's ambition and inspiration your ascent, and I cannot be convinced here,'' she mused, and cast the thoughts to the contrary. If there were not so of single blessedness far from her. many startling examples of lost am- In the evening she sat with her uncle bitions right here in our community, I for a few moments in the "parlor,"' and might think otherwise." Betty smiled a again cold shudders ran up her back. bit wistfully. "If you loved me well you would be willing to wait." "Poor boy,' she murmured to herself, gaze from the appalling "It is not a question of loving now. and turned her crayons that adorned the walls. One of Betty : you know I have wanted you for many months.' He arose, and extended the boarders had seated herself at the piano, thumping popular music his hand. "It is to be good-bye then?" and was "Yes," Betty managed to say, firmly until Betty thought she would go mad. though she realized that in another She arose in a hurry, and sought the moment she would be crying. telephone that she had seen in the hall. i6o SKY-LAND MAGAZINE Her voice was breathless in its attempt lit hall of the boarding-house at what to lose no time. reached her ear. "Well—that will be "Don't look for the other girl," she rather nice—but. can you get the said to someone at the other end of the license?" she questioned by way of re- line. Betty blushed there in the dimly- sponse. Lieutenant Beaks—Convert By Grace Kerrigan LIEUTENANT JOHN BEEKS, U. be necessary to seek port duty, and be- S. A., had known almost every type come a more stationary citizen. of woman. He had gone to school It chanced that in May his ship was and parties with the simp'e, pretty vil- ordered with others of the fleet to the lage gir's of his home town ; he had New York harbor to take part in a won- danced with and been polite to the young derful naval parade. The occasion was women his classmates had asked to the the celebrating of an important cen- academy hops; he had called on, at- tennial, and there were water parades tended teas with, and escorted a num- and land parades galore. The great ship ber of the more mature type of girls he was dressed in her gayest flags, and every found in the officers' set when he was on officer and man about her was in spick shore duty ; and when his ship lay in and span attire. foreign ports he had laughed gaily with The day following the great water fascinating French girls, tiny Japanese parade and review of battleships, Lieu- maidens, and rosy German daughters. tenant Beeks with a brother officer went But—he had not found his own par- ashore to view some of the entertain- ticular girl. ments the city had provided for the oc- He knew definitely what kind of girl casion. he did not want. "I will not marry a suffragette!" Lieutenant Beeks had been As the two navy men stepped from a heard to remark on an occasion when taxicab at the corner of Fifth Avenue his friends—men and women—were and Fifty-ninth Street they were made chaffing him about his fastidiousness. "I aware of the fact that there were swarms don't want a woman who is pining for of women about them. There were the ballot. I'l! do the voting for my young women, old women, middle-aged family." women. They stood about in groups, "You've got the vote, all right, Beeks and seemed to be forming some sort of —now get the family," said a brother line. Lieutenant Beeks looked up at a officer. large yellow banner that caught his eye But the young officer was not in the just as he stepped to the pavement. least worried about not having found a "Votes for Women," it said. "Makers wife. He liked the life of the navy; he of men should be makers of laws," he liked to be far from land on a long read on another. Everywhere he saw cruise with a ship full of congenial com- yellow banners, ye'low hats, yellow pen- panions. And somewhere m his con- nants, yellow cockades, and there seemed scientious makeup Lieutenant Beeks be- to be more women there than he be- lieved that when he did marry it would lieved there were in the world. SKY-LAND MAGAZINE i6i "Fine business we came ashore for, thought was hollering for votes," John Long," he remarked to his fellow officer. Beeks remarked. Lieutenant Long grunted significantly. "And she's not 'hollering,' you'll "Fine," he muttered. "And it looks as notice," Long added. "Yes, I think I'll if we might have to stand here till the march." parade forms. I'm not for crowding "Xot for me— I'll stay here, old man. through that bunch of yellow banners." So long.'' 'Everybody votes but mother!" sang Lieutenant Beeks remained where he out a small boy from the top of the stone could look at the girl in white. His fel- wall around the park. low-officer threaded his way slowly In spite of himself. Lieutenant Beeks through the groups of girls and women, laughed heartily. "Trust the small boy and found the men's contingent of the to put in his oar every time," he said. parade. There he took his place in line, Lieutenant Long looked thoughtful. or three I and when two hours later Lieu- "He's right, too. Everybody does vote tenant Beeks viewed the parade from a but—mother," he said earnestly. "And point of vantage Long was marching as my own mother was the man of her seriously for the "cause" as were the house, though .she got small credit for thousand other men in the group. it" John Beeks was a thinking man, and Beeks turned and looked him squarely as the hundreds of women and men in the face. "So soon, old man? Con- walked past him with dignified, earnest verted? Well, why don't you get a ban- purpose in every step he began to won- ner and march!" der if he had not looked at only one side "If there was a man's squad I would," of this woman question. The women replied Long, without a smile. "It who passed before him were of the type might litt'.e enough could for be I do my he had always known—well-bred, cul- mother's sex," he added. tured-looking women, ^^as this vast that girl in At moment a young a army in error in its judgment, and was he simple dress, who had had her back to right? His thoughts reverted to the girl them in the crowd, turned to look at the in white. She was as dainty as a flower, two men. and as beautiful, he thought. He could "Pardon me," she said, with the rarest not find her in the parade, but it was not smile, "but—there is a man's squad. If to be wondered at when every girl was you care to march, you'll find it at the in white and the flapping banners often corner of Sixth and Fifty-ninth." She obscured the faces of the marchers. turned her back again. When he joined Lieutenant Long that Both officers removed their hats in night on the ship's deck, it was not to acknowledgment, and thanking her tried upbraid him for his marching ; it was to to move on. discuss from a less-biased viewpoint the Lieutenant Beeks was reluctant to question of woman's suffrage. leave the spot where the girl stood, and That discussion was the first of many fate was on his side. They could make that the young officer introduced, and it little or no progress, and he had oppor- was not long before he was made to see tunity to study the profile of the girl in that women should have the right to a white. vote in their government ; that they had "She's the personification of the 'cling- a right to be citizens of the country in ing vine'—not at all. the kind of girl I which they lived. 1 62 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE "Old man—a little thing turns the tide Lieutenant Beeks said not a word. He bent every effort to get his orders for for us in the vo3'age of life," said Lieu- the Arkansas, and, luck on his side, he tenant Long to Beeks one night. "The got them. The ship was put in dry dock, face and the smile of that girl in white and every time Lieutenant Beeks went ' has made a new man of you. Oh ashore he went to New York to search he raised a protesting hand, "don't sax- for a trace of the girl in white. it wasn't that. It was. And that is the It was at a lawn fete given by the suffrage workers on Long Island that girl you are looking up and down the he finally saw her again. She was pour- world for now. That is the reason you ing iced tea from a great glass pitcher, are trying to get on the Arkansas, be- behind a bank of yellow blossoms. cause you know she will lie all summer His heart leaped madly when he saw in the navy-yard in Brooklyn. Go ahead! her, and it was less than fifteen ininutes girl if have to join the Find your you until she was pouring a glass of tea for ranks of the suffragists to do it. It's him. and he was making up his mind to a good cause, either way you look at it; win her for his own before his ship left and I'm betting on you, old man." port. The Down and Outer By John Philip Orth O'^D JONES was the only person in Mr. Needham sat down and read the the smoking-room of the Phoenix article. "Something like that appears Club when young Percy Needham once in three months. \Vhen a news- sauntered in to indulge in a cigar. No paper can't get enough about graft it one would have dared address him as comes out with something about the 'Idle Old Jones. He was a capitalist, and Rich'." reputed to be worth fifteen million dol- "And you don't approve of it?" lars. It was the younger members that "It's all twaddle, sir." "Old Jonesed'' him to each other. "Why, I had an idea that there was a Needham had turned to go out of the lot of plain truth in it." room when the capitalist looked up from "Is a young man to be held up to con- his paper. tempt because his father left him a com- fortable sum of money?" "See here, a moment, young man," he "Rut the article doesn't mean that.'' called. "It says that we are not workers." "Yes, sir," "Well, let's see if you are. This is "You came in here to smoke. Go Saturday. How did you start the {ihead and do it. ^^'hile you are smok- week ?" ing, I want you to read this article in the "I got measured for a suit of clothes.'' paper.'' "That was hard work," smiled Old "Some big news?" queried the young Jones. "About Tuesday?" man. "I had to go and see my lawyer.'' "No. It's about a matter quite old. "More hard work. And \\'ednesday ?" and it touches you personally." "I rode to hounds." ": SKY-LAND MAGAZINE 163 "Ah ! Tremendous exertion ! And cashier, or book agent. You have Thursday ?" neither trade nor profession." "I played biKiards most of the day." "Well, when the earthquake comes, "And was dog-tired at night, of perhaps I can find a job carrying the hod ?" course ? And Friday to help rebuild,'' laughed Needham, as he rose. "Let's see. It was an auto ride.'' "He'll forget it in two minutes," "And today?'' mused the old man. "Lay abed till noon, and then took a A week later young Needham did a walk." thing that astonished himself. Attired "Poor boy! And yet a newspaper in a suit of clothes that even his valet !'' dares to refer to as the idle rich you had cast aside, he started out to see what "You speak sarcastically, sir," said might happen if his fortune sudden'y young Needham. vanished. Later on he would show old "Look here, my boy," said the elderly Jones that he had made a wrong diag- man, as he laid a hand on the other's nosis, cute as he thought himself. He shoulder, "let me say that I knew your took to the street under another name, father for years and years. He worked and as a down-and-outer. ten hours a day and six days in a week "What's your line ?'' was asked of him. to accumulate the money he left you. "N-nothing." The auto was unknown, and he didn't "Well, you've got gall to bother busy gallop after hounds or any other breed people !'' of dogs.'' "Can you nail a box together and "Well ?" mark it?'' — "Does it ever strike you that you are "I never tried, but frittering way his money?'' "Then go and try somewhere else!" "We'd, what shall I do? I am getting The nearest he came to striking a job good interest on the money." was when the boss of a gang of cellar "And every dollar's interest you draw diggers hailed him with makes the country that much poorer, as "Want a good thing at $2.25 per day?" the producers have to pay. Have you "You bet!" fitted yourself to earn anything by your "Then get into that gang carrying brains or labor?" dynamite, and in case you drop a box "There has been no call to." you'll eat your lunch in Hoboken—or "That's it," said Old Jones—"the idle further away." rich ! You are not only idle, but you The quest was a failure, and old Jones make the busy peopje pay for it. Sup- was right. pose you should lose your wealth?" "But I won't have it so!" exc'.aimed "I have never given it a thought," was the young man to himself. "Why, it the reply; "but I am conceited enough makes me as useless as a dead dog. If to believe that I could easily find an I had been penniless, it would have opening.'' meant starvation." "It is conceit. I'll wager you a hun- He entered an office at noon, to be dred dollars against fifty that you told by a supercilious employee that they couldn't strike a job in three months wanted a dodo up at the zoo, and that where you'd earn ten dollars a week. he'd better start right away and walk You are not a bookkeeper, a salesman, fast if he wanted the job. As young ; " 164 SKY-LAND MAGAZINE Needham turned to go, the girl stenog- last evening he announced that he had rapher followed him out into the hall ceased to be a farmer. and held a half-dollar out to him. "But my brother says you are a good "Thanks, but I can't take it. It's work worker," she protested. I want." "I hope I am." "But places are hard to find. What "He will raise your wages rather than did you do last?" let you go.'' " "I "It isn't a question of wages. I must "You have seen better days?' go to the city to see a man called Old "I am a down-and-outer now, at least." Jones. Later on, I will tell you all about "Would you work on a farm?" she it." asked. * * * "I—I think so." Old Jones was alone, as before, in the "I have a brother two miles out from smoking-room when young Needham White Plains. He is a farmer, and walked in. wants a man, and will pay him good "Hello, boy; been trying to solve the wages. Take this dollar to get your problem?" lodgings tonight, and go out there in the "I have, Mr. Jones. If ever I lose morning." my wealth, I can earn my way as a "I'll do it I" said the down-and-outer, farmer's hired man.'' as he came to a sudden decision. "The devil you can!'' A month later Miss Phyllis Morton "And I am going to ask a girl of heart got two weeks for a vacation, and headed and sense to be my wife." for her brother's farm. She had heard "The devil you are. And her name— by letter that the down-and-outer had "Phvjlis Morton, and she's a stenog- kept his promise, and was hard at work. rapher, if you please.'' She had thought of him often. She "Boy,'' said the old man, as he patted found him looking rugged and content him on the back, "keep out of Wall and he was pleased to see her again. •street. You made a mighty lucky specu- Two weeks brought acquaintancesh'p lation, and I don't want to see you drop !" and friendship to this couple, and on her anything 4#^i^^i^^j^=«####**#***4^*4^#*#4'###**##**##** In some of the larger cities churches Every life, to be successful, must have are using electric signs. an aim and purpose. Make it hot for the dairyman who To bury another man's weakness in brings you warm milk. silence is golden. A good iron pump costs less than a Proclaim your neighbor's virtues, and case of typhoid fever. forget his faults. Evil must not only be eradicated; it \\hen a man is short, he usually must be supplanted. has a long face.