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Tangaza University College Duquesne University (Usa) TANGAZA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUQUESNE UNIVERSITY (USA) NAMANDA ISAAC WEKESA, O.C.D TITLE Obligation and Right of Admission and Preparation of suitable Candidates to Religious Institutes by Competent Superior in the Light of Can. 642. A Case Study of the Institute of the Order of Carmelites Discalced Supervisor Rev. Dr. MARTIN OWOR A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts in Theology NAIROBI 2017 II DEDICATION To all my family members, and to all fraternity of the Order of Carmelites Discalced in the world, as they zealously work in the Lord’s vineyard. III EPIGRAPH “Let nothing trouble you, nothing frighten you. All things pass. God does not change. Patience achieves everything” -Teresa of Avila- IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Much thanks and praise to almighty God for having helped me to complete this assignment. I offer special thanks too to the Prior, the friars of St. John of the Cross Carmelite Community Nairobi, family members and all friends for every support they have accorded me throughout my studies. I thank them for their prayers and great encouragement in various capacities. My gratitude goes to Rev. Dr. Martin Owor for accepting to be my supervisors and for his valuable suggestions. He has zealously guided me to the completion of this work on time. On the same note, I am indebted beyond words to all my lectures at Tangaza University College for the knowledge and scholarly guidance throughout the course of my studies. I owe deep appreciation to all my classmates for their academic camaraderie and for being part of my history. Finally in a special way I thank Br. J. Ntalo, Br. H. Irungu, and Br.P. Otieno for their sharing and interactions that gave me a lot of insights and encouragement in realizing this work. May God bless you abundantly! V STUDENT’S DECLARATION I, the undersigned, declare that this thesis is my original work achieved through my personal reading, scientific research method and critical reflection. It is submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts in Theology. It has never been submitted to any other college or university for academic credit. All sources have been cited in full and acknowledged. Signed: …………………………………………………… Name of Student: Date: ……………………………………………………… This thesis has been submitted for examination with my approval as the college supervisor. Signed: …………………………………………. Name of Supervisor: Date: …………………………………………… VI ABBREVIATIONS AAS Acta Apostolicae Sedis AA Various Authors Acts Acts of the Apostles AFER African Ecclesiastical Reviews AG Ad Gentes AOSK Association of Sisterhoods in Kenya Ap. Const. Apostolic Constitution Ap. Exhort. Apostolic Exhortation Art. /Artt. Article/ Articles Can. /Cann. Canon/Canons CCEO Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum Orientalium CD Christus Dominus Cf. Confer CIC Codex Iuris Canonici CICLSAL Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life CLSA Canon Law Society of America Cor Letter of St. Paul to the Corinthians Dr. Doctor DV Dei Verbum Ed(s) Editors(s) E.g. Exempli gratia Et al. Et Alii VII Etc. et cetera E.V Enchiridion Vaticanum Ex Exodus ff. And the following Fr. Father GE Gravissimum Educationis Gen. General GS Gaudium et Spes Ibid Ibidem IM Inter Mirifica Jn The Gospel according to St. John KCCB Kenya Conference of Catholic Bishops LG Lumen Gentium LEF Lex Ecclesiae Fundamentalis Lk The Gospel according to St. Luke Mt. Mountain Mt The Gospel according St. Mathew MR Mutue Relationes n. /nn. Number/Numbers NT New Testament OT Old Testament OCD Order of Carmelites Discalced PC Perfectae Caritatis PI Potissimum Institutioni p. /pp. Page/Pages VIII Pt. Peter Rev. Reverend RFIS Fundamentalis Institutionis RfR Review for Religious Rom St. Paul’s Letter to Romans SC Sacrosanctum Concilium SCRSI Sacred Congregation for Religious and Secular Institutes St (s) Saints(s) UR Unitatis Redintegratio Tim Timothy Thess Thessalonians Vat. II The Second Vatican Council Vol. Volume IX TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION...........................................................................................................II EPIGRAPH................................................................................................................III ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.........................................................................................IV STUDENT’S DECLARATION.................................................................................V ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................................................VI GENERAL INTRODUCTION....................................................................................1 1. Aim and Purpose of the Study.................................................................................2 2. The Rationale of the Thesis.....................................................................................3 3. The Central Question of Investigation.....................................................................5 4. Working Hypothesis.................................................................................................5 5.1 Method of Approach..............................................................................................6 5.2 Structure of the Thesis...........................................................................................6 X CHAPTER I THE JURIDICAL STUDY OF CAN. 642 ON THE RESPONSIBILTY OF RELIGIOUS SUPERIOR IN PREPARING AND ADMITTING SUIATABLE CANDIDATES TO RELIGIOUS LIFE Introduction.................................................................................................................9 1.1 Sources of Can.642 (CIC/1983)...........................................................................10 1.1.1 Optatam Totius (n.6).........................................................................................10 1.1.2 Renovationis Causam (nn. 11-12 & 14)...........................................................11 1.2 Formation of Can.642 (CIC/1983)………………………………………...........11 1.2.1 Vita Consecrata (n.65)………………………………………………………..12 1.2.2 1980 Schema Codicis (568)…………………………………………………..12 1.2.3 1982 Schema Codicis (Can.642).......................................................................13 1.3 The work of those responsible for preparing and admitting candidates………..13 1.4. Textual Analysis and meaning of Can.642…………………………………....14 1.4.1 Can.642 on Qualities of Suitable Candidate for Joining Religious Life .......................................................................................................... 15 XI 1.4.1.1 With Vigilant Care.........................................................................................15 1.4.1.2 To admit.........................................................................................................16 1.4.1.3 Have the health..............................................................................................16 1.4.1.4 Suitable character...........................................................................................17 1.4.1.5 Sufficient Qualities of maturity………………………………………….....17 1.5 The Principle Consideration in the Preparation and Admission of Suitable Candidates to Religious Life………………...............................................18 1.5.1 Spiritual aspect………………………………………………………………..21 1.5.2 Apostolic aspect………………………………………………………………21 1.5.3 Doctrinal aspect………………………………………………………………22 1.5.4 Other Guiding Principles that concern the preparation and Admission of Suitable candidates to religious life by competent religious superiors…………………………………………………………………..22 1.6 Candidates should comprehend what Religious life entails…………………...23 1.6.1 The Responsibility of Superiors on the Preparation of candidates and religious.............................................................................................25 1.6.2 Personal authority on the preparation of candidates……………………….....25 1.6.3 The General Chapter on the preparation and admission of candidates……………………………………………………………………….26 1.6.4 Proper Law on The preparation and admission of Candidates to Religious life.............................................................................................................27 XII 1.7 Religious Profession and its Effects…………………………………………..28 1.8 Obligation of the Institute to support the Candidates prepared to join Religious Life……………………………………………………………….29 1.9 The Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches on the Responsibility of Religious superiors in preparing and admitting of suitable candidates to Religious life…………………………………………………………………......29 Conclusion.................................................................................................................30 CHAPTER II OBLIGATION AND RIGHT TO PREPARATION AND ADMISSION OF SUITABLE CANDIDATES TO RELIGIOUS LIFE BY COMPETENT SUPERIORS IN THE CHURCH Introduction.............................................................................................................32 2.1 Biblical foundations of vocation and preparation for the mission......................33 2.1.1 Old Testament Roots…………………………………………………….......33 2.1.1.1 The Call of Moses……………………………………………………….. ..33 2.1.1.2 The Call of Samuel.......................................................................................34 2.1.1.3 Prophets ……………………………………………………………………34 2.1.1.4 Elijah……………………………………………………………………......34 2.1.1.5 The Call of Jeremiah......................................................................................35 2.1.1.6 Nazirites.........................................................................................................35
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