DOCSLIB.ORG

îÊäý Ãê ë› ½®'«›Ä Ãù'êムʥ Ä—«Ùƒ Wùƒ—›Ý«

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
îÊäý Ãê ë› ½®'«›Ä Ãù'êムʥ Ä—«Ùƒ Wùƒ—›Ý« :ŽƵƌŶĂůŽĨdŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚdĂdžĂͮǁǁǁ͘ƚŚƌĞĂƚĞŶĞĚƚĂdžĂ͘ŽƌŐͮϮϲ:ƵůLJϮϬϭϰͮϲ;ϴͿ͗ϲϭϮϮʹϲϭϮϲ EÊã In India much of the &çÙã«ÙÄó®ã®ÊÄÝãÊ㫽®«Ä ůŝĐŚĞŶŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶƐ ĂƌĞ ÃùÊãʥīÙWÙÝ«͕/Ä® ƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚĞĚ ƚŽ ĞŝƚŚĞƌ ,ŝŵĂůĂLJĂŶ Žƌ ϭ Ϯ /^^E tĞƐƚĞƌŶ 'ŚĂƚƐ ƌĞŐŝŽŶ͘ ^LJƐƚĞŵĂƟĐ ^ĂƟƐŚDŽŚĂďĞ ͕͘DĂĚŚƵƐƵĚŚĂŶĂZĞĚĚLJ ͕͘ŶũĂůŝ KŶůŝŶĞϬϵϳϰʹϳϵϬϳ ƐƚƵĚŝĞƐŝŶƚŚĞƌĞĐĞŶƚƟŵĞƐŝŶĚŝĐĂƚĞĚ Ğǀŝϯ͕^ĂŶũĞĞǀĂEĂLJĂŬĂϰΘW͘ŚĂŶĚƌĂŵĂƟ^ŚĂŶŬĂƌϱ WƌŝŶƚϬϵϳϰʹϳϴϵϯ that the Deccan Plateau and the ϭ͕Ϯ͕ϯ KWE^^ ĂƐƚĞƌŶ 'ŚĂƚƐ ĂůƐŽ ŚĂǀĞ Ă ƌŝĐŚ ĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŽƚĂŶLJ͕zŽŐŝsĞŵĂŶĂhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕sĞŵĂŶĂƉƵƌĂŵ͕ <ĂĚĂƉĂ͕ŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚϱϭϲϬϬϯ͕/ŶĚŝĂ ĚŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ ŽĨ ůŝĐŚĞŶƐ͖ EĂLJĂŬĂ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ϰ>ŝĐŚĞŶŽůŽŐLJ>ĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌLJ͕^/ZͲEĂƟŽŶĂůŽƚĂŶŝĐĂůZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ/ŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ͕ ;ϮϬϭϯͿĞƐƟŵĂƚĞĚƚŚĞŽĐĐƵƌƌĞŶĐĞŽĨĂďŽƵƚϭϴϬƐƉĞĐŝĞƐŝŶ ZĂŶĂWƌĂƚĂƉDĂƌŐ͕>ƵĐŬŶŽǁ͕hƩĂƌWƌĂĚĞƐŚϮϮϲϬϬϭ͕/ŶĚŝĂ ϱĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŝŽƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ͕zŽŐŝsĞŵĂŶĂhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ͕ ƚŚĞƐĞĂƌĞĂƐ͘<ĞĞƉŝŶŐƚŚŝƐŝŶǀŝĞǁĂƚŚŽƌŽƵŐŚĞdžƉůŽƌĂƟŽŶ sĞŵĂŶĂƉƵƌĂŵ͕<ĂĚĂƉĂ͕ŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚ͕ϱϭϲϬϬϯ͕/ŶĚŝĂ ŽĨůŝĐŚĞŶƐŝƐďĞŝŶŐƵŶĚĞƌƚĂŬĞŶŝŶŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚ͘ZĞĚĚLJ 1 ƐĂƟƐŚ͘ŶďƌŝϬϵΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕2 ŐƌĂƐƐĐĞĚΛLJĂŚŽŽ͘ĐŽŵ͕3 ĂŶũĂůŝĚĞǀŝϲϯϰΛ ĞƚĂů͘;ϮϬϭϭͿĐŽŵƉŝůĞĚƚŚĞĞĂƌůŝĞƌƐƚƵĚŝĞƐŽŶůŝĐŚĞŶƐŽĨ ŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ͕ϰŶĂLJĂŬĂ͘ƐĂŶũĞĞǀĂΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ;ĐŽƌƌĞƐƉŽŶĚŝŶŐĂƵƚŚŽƌͿ͕ ϱƉĐŚĂŶĚƌĂϮϬΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵ ŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚĂŶĚĞŶƵŵĞƌĂƚĞĚϰϯƐƉĞĐŝĞƐĨŽƌƚŚĞƐƚĂƚĞ͘ /ŶĐŽŶƟŶƵĂƟŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƐĂŵĞƐƚƵĚLJEĂLJĂŬĂĞƚĂů͘;ϮϬϭϯͿ ƌĞƉŽƌƚĞĚĂƚŽƚĂůŽĨϮϲŶĞǁƌĞĐŽƌĚƐĨŽƌŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐĂŶĞǁƌĞĐŽƌĚĨŽƌ/ŶĚŝĂ;Peltula farinosa ƺĚĞůͿ͘ ŽĨĨƌƵŝƟŶŐďŽĚŝĞƐ>ĞŝĐĂDϱϬϬĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚŵŝĐƌŽƐĐŽƉĞ /ƚŝƐŶŽǁĐůĞĂƌƚŚĂƚŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚƌĞĐŽƌĚƐĂƚŽƚĂůŽĨϲϵ ǁĂƐ ƵƐĞĚ͘ ůů ƚŚĞ ŵĞĂƐƵƌĞŵĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ ĂŶĂƚŽŵŝĐĂů ůŝĐŚĞŶƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ͘ ƐƚƌƵĐƚƵƌĞƐǁĞƌĞƚĂŬĞŶŝŶǁĂƚĞƌ͘dŚĞůŝĐŚĞŶƐƵďƐƚĂŶĐĞƐ dŚĞĐƵƌƌĞŶƚƐƚƵĚLJŝƐƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚĞĚƚŽůŝĐŚĞŶĞdžƉůŽƌĂƟŽŶ ǁĞƌĞ ŝĚĞŶƟĮĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ dŚŝŶ >ĂLJĞƌ ŚƌŽŵĂƚŽŐƌĂƉŚLJ ŝŶ ŝŶƚŚĞZĂLJĂůĂƐĞĞŵĂƌĞŐŝŽŶǁŚŝĐŚŝŶĐůƵĚĞƐĨŽƵƌĚŝƐƚƌŝĐƚƐ͖ ƐŽůǀĞŶƚ ƐLJƐƚĞŵ ͚͛ ĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐ tŚŝƚĞ Θ :ĂŵĞƐ ;ϭϵϴϱͿ͘ ŶĂŶƚĂƉƵƌ͕ŚŝƩŽŽƌ͕<ĂĚĂƉĂĂŶĚ<ƵƌŶŽŽů͘dŚĞĂƌĞĂŝƐ dŚĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ůŝƚĞƌĂƚƵƌĞ ĨŽůůŽǁĞĚ ĨŽƌ ŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂƟŽŶ ŝŶĐůƵĚĞ ŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐ ŝŶ ƚĞƌŵƐ ŽĨ ŝƚƐ ƵŶŝƋƵĞ ďŝŽĚŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ǁĂƐƚŚŝ ;ϭϵϵϭͿ͕ :ŽƐŚŝ ;ϮϬϬϴͿ͕ DĂLJƌŚŽĨĞƌ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ;ϭϵϵϲͿ͕ ŵĂũŽƌ ƚƌĂĐƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĂƐƚĞƌŶ 'ŚĂƚƐ ƉĂƐƐĞƐ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞ EĂLJĂŬĂ ;ϮϬϬϱͿ͕ hƉƌĞƟ ;ϭϵϵϰͿ͘ &ƵƌƚŚĞƌ͕ >ƵŵďƐĐŚ Θ ƌĞŐŝŽŶ ǁŝƚŚ Ϯϭ͘ϯϴй ĨŽƌĞƐƚ ĐŽǀĞƌ͘ ůĂƌŐĞ ŶƵŵďĞƌ ŽĨ ,ƵŚŶĚŽƌĨ ;ϮϬϭϬͿ ǁĂƐ ĨŽůůŽǁĞĚ ĨŽƌ ŶŽŵĞŶĐůĂƚƵƌĞ ĂŶĚ ůŝĐŚĞŶƐƉĞĐŝŵĞŶƐǁĞƌĞĐŽůůĞĐƚĞĚĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƐĞĂƌĞĂƐǁŚŝĐŚ ĐůĂƐƐŝĮĐĂƟŽŶ͕ǁŚŝůĞ^ŝŶŐŚΘ^ŝŶŚĂ;ϮϬϭϬͿǁĂƐĐŽŶƐƵůƚĞĚ ƌĞƐƵůƚĞĚŝŶƐĞǀĞƌĂůŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƟŶŐƚĂdžĂ͘KƵƚŽĨƚŚĞƐĞĂƚŽƚĂů ĨŽƌĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶŽĨƚŚĞƚĂdžĂ͘/ĚĞŶƟĮĞĚƐƉĞĐŝŵĞŶƐǁĞƌĞ ŽĨ ϭϬ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ĂƌĞ ƌĞƉŽƌƚĞĚ ŚĞƌĞ ĂƐ ŶĞǁ ƌĞĐŽƌĚƐ ĨŽƌ ůĂďĞůůĞĚ͕ĚŽĐƵŵĞŶƚĞĚ͕ĚŝŐŝƚĂůŝnjĞĚĂŶĚƉƌĞƐĞƌǀĞĚĂƚƚŚĞ ŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚ͘ ŚĞƌďĂƌŝƵŵŝŶƚŚĞĞƉĂƌƚŵĞŶƚŽĨŽƚĂŶLJĂƚzŽŐŝsĞŵĂŶĂ DãÙ®½ΙDã«ÊÝ͗dŚĞŵŽƌƉŚŽůŽŐŝĐĂůĨĞĂƚƵƌĞƐ hŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJ;zsh,Ϳ͕<ĂĚĂƉĂĂŶĚǀŽƵĐŚĞƌƐƉĞĐŝŵĞŶƐǁĞƌĞ ŽĨ ůŝĐŚĞŶ ƚŚĂůůƵƐ ĂŶĚ ĂƐĐŽŵĂƚĂ ǁĞƌĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞĚ ƵŶĚĞƌ ĚĞƉŽƐŝƚĞĚĂƚƚŚĞŚĞƌďĂƌŝƵŵŽĨ^/ZͲEĂƟŽŶĂůŽƚĂŶŝĐĂů >ĞŝĐĂ ^ϴWϬ ƐƚĞƌĞŽnjŽŽŵ ŵŝĐƌŽƐĐŽƉĞ͘ ^ƉŽƚ ƚĞƐƚ ĨŽƌ ZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ/ŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ͕>ƵĐŬŶŽǁ;>t'Ϳ͘ ĐŽůŽƵƌ ƌĞĂĐƟŽŶ ǁĞƌĞ ĐĂƌƌŝĞĚ ŽƵƚ ďLJ ϭϬй ĂƋƵĞŽƵƐ ZÝç½ã͗/ƚĐĂŶďĞŶŽƚĞĚƚŚĂƚŝŶƚŚĞƚǁŽĞĂƌůŝĞƌƐƚƵĚŝĞƐ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƉŽƚĂƐƐŝƵŵ ŚLJĚƌŽdžŝĚĞ ;<Ϳ͕ ^ƚĞŝŶĞƌ͛Ɛ ƐƚĂďůĞ ;ZĞĚĚLJ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ϮϬϭϭ͖ EĂLJĂŬĂ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ϮϬϭϯͿ ŵŽƐƚůLJ ĨŽůŝŽƐĞ ƉĂƌĂͲƉŚĞŶLJůĞŶĞĚŝĂŵŝŶĞ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ;WͿ ĂŶĚ ĂůĐŝƵŵ ůŝĐŚĞŶƐĂƌĞŝŶĐůƵĚĞĚ͘/ŶƚŚĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƐƚƵĚLJ͕ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐďĞŝŶŐ ŚLJƉŽĐŚůŽƌŝƚĞƐŽůƵƟŽŶ;Ϳ͘&ŽƌĂŶĂƚŽŵŝĐĂůŝŶǀĞƐƟŐĂƟŽŶ ƌĞƉŽƌƚĞĚ ĂƌĞ ŵŽƐƚůLJ ĐƌƵƐƚŽƐĞ ĂŶĚ ƐƋƵĂŵƵůŽƐĞ ĨŽƌŵƐ͘ K/͗ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘ŽϯϳϮϲ͘ϲϭϮϮͲϲ ĚŝƚŽƌ͗'͘W͘^ŝŶŚĂ͕ŽƚĂŶŝĐĂů^ƵƌǀĞLJŽĨ/ŶĚŝĂ͕ůůĂŚĂďĂĚ͕/ŶĚŝĂ͘ ĂƚĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͗Ϯϲ:ƵůLJϮϬϭϰ;ŽŶůŝŶĞΘƉƌŝŶƚͿ DĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚĚĞƚĂŝůƐ͗DƐηŽϯϳϮϲͮZĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϮϳ:ƵůLJϮϬϭϯͮ&ŝŶĂůƌĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϮϬ:ƵŶĞϮϬϭϰͮ&ŝŶĂůůLJĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚϬϴ:ƵůLJϮϬϭϰ ŝƚĂƟŽŶ͗DŽŚĂďĞ͕^͕͘͘D͘ZĞĚĚLJ͕͘͘Ğǀŝ͕^͘EĂLJĂŬĂΘW͘͘^ŚĂŶŬĂƌ;ϮϬϭϰͿ͘&ƵƌƚŚĞƌŶĞǁĂĚĚŝƟŽŶƐƚŽƚŚĞůŝĐŚĞŶŵLJĐŽƚĂŽĨŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚ͕/ŶĚŝĂ͘Journal of Threatened Taxaϲ;ϴͿ͗ϲϭϮϮʹϲϭϮϲ͖ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘ŽϯϳϮϲ͘ϲϭϮϮͲϲ ŽƉLJƌŝŐŚƚ͗ ©DŽŚĂďĞĞƚĂů͘ϮϬϭϰ͘ƌĞĂƟǀĞŽŵŵŽŶƐƩƌŝďƵƟŽŶϰ͘Ϭ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů>ŝĐĞŶƐĞ͘:ŽddĂůůŽǁƐƵŶƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚĞĚƵƐĞŽĨƚŚŝƐĂƌƟĐůĞŝŶĂŶLJŵĞĚŝƵŵ͕ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ĂŶĚĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶďLJƉƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐĂĚĞƋƵĂƚĞĐƌĞĚŝƚƚŽƚŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐĂŶĚƚŚĞƐŽƵƌĐĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͘ &ƵŶĚŝŶŐ͗ŽƵŶĐŝůŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶƟĮĐĂŶĚ/ŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ͕EĞǁĞůŚŝ͘ ŽŵƉĞƟŶŐ/ŶƚĞƌĞƐƚ͗dŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐĚĞĐůĂƌĞŶŽĐŽŵƉĞƟŶŐŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚƐ͘ ĐŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŵĞŶƚƐ͗ dŚĞƵƚŚŽƌƐĂƌĞŐƌĂƚĞĨƵůƚŽŝƌĞĐƚŽƌ͕^/ZͲEĂƟŽŶĂůŽƚĂŶŝĐĂůZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ/ŶƐƟƚƵƚĞ͕>ƵĐŬŶŽǁĨŽƌƉƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐůĂďŽƌĂƚŽƌLJĨĂĐŝůŝƟĞƐĂŶĚƌ͘͘<͘ hƉƌĞƟ͕ĨŽƌŚŝƐŬŝŶĚŚĞůƉĂŶĚĞŶĐŽƵƌĂŐĞŵĞŶƚĚƵƌŝŶŐƚŚĞŝĚĞŶƟĮĐĂƟŽŶŽĨůŝĐŚĞŶƐ͘ŽƵŶĐŝůŽĨ^ĐŝĞŶƟĮĐĂŶĚ/ŶĚƵƐƚƌŝĂůZĞƐĞĂƌĐŚ͕EĞǁĞůŚŝŝƐƚŚĂŶŬĞĚĨŽƌĮŶĂŶĐŝĂů ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚƵŶĚĞƌƐƉŽŶƐŽƌĞĚƐĐŚĞŵĞ͘ƵƚŚŽƌƐĂůƐŽƚŚĂŶŬ&ŽƌĞƐƚKĸĐŝĂůƐŽĨŶĚŚƌĂWƌĂĚĞƐŚĨŽƌƚŚĞŝƌĐŽŽƉĞƌĂƟŽŶĚƵƌŝŶŐƚŚĞƐƚƵĚLJ͘ ϲϭϮϮ Additions to lichen mycota of Andhra Pradesh Mohabe et al. Except for L. psuedistera and D. tenuis all the other biatorine to lecidine, brownish to black margin; K+ species were found growing on the bark of various trees. purple epihymenium, absence of algal cells in exciple; The species L. psuedistera and D. tenuis not only have 8-spored asci; hyaline, polaribilocular, elongate to saxicolous habitat, but also have squamulose to lobate ellipsoidal, 12.0–14.0×8.0–9.5 µm ascospores and with thallus. anthraquinons as lichen substance. 1. Biatorella conspersa (Fée) Vain. (Biatorellaceae) The species is known from the tropical regions of the Image 1A. world and in India it was earlier reported from Madhya Specimen examined: 2348 (YVUH), 25.vi.2012, Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. elevation 328m, on bark, 8km from Diguvamitta on the way to GBM, Vankamanu Gundla, Kurnool District, 4. Dimelaena tenuis (Müll. Arg.) H. Mayrhofer & Andhra Pradesh, coll. A. Madhusudhana Reddy. Wipple (Physciaceae) Image 1D. This crustose, corticolous species is characterized by Specimen examined: 2178 (YVUH), 15.vii.12, on greenish-yellow to yellow or yellowish-orange, granular rock, backside of Javakaladinnae, Gorantla, Anantapur sorediate thallus; sessile 0.3–0.6 mm diameter, biatorine District, Andhra Pradesh, coll. A. Madhusudhana Reddy. apothecia, yellow pruinose disc; multispored asci with This effigurate, squamulose species, found growing hyaline rounded to globose, 1–3×0.5–2.5 µm spores. tightly on rock and characterized by yellowish-green to The species is known from Australia, Nepal and in greenish-brown central part and greenish to yellowish India it was earlier reported from Manipur. or brownish marginal area, rhizines lacking; innate to sessile, rounded to irregular, 0.3–0.7 mm in diameter, 2. Caloplaca bassiae (Willd. ex Ach.) Zahlbr. biatorine to lecanorine apothecia, dark brown to (Teloschistaceae) Image 1B. brown black disc; 8-spored asci; brown, 1 septate, 9.0– Specimen examined: 2009 (YVUH), 12.vi.2012, on 11.0×4.0–7.0 µm ascospores and with gyrophoric acid as bark, Horsley hills, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, lichen substance. coll. A. Madhusudhana Reddy, Anjali Devi B. & Sanjeeva The species is known from North America and in Nayaka. India it was earlier reported from Madhya Pradesh. This crustose, corticolous, greenish-yellow to yellowish-orange species is characterized by numerous 5. Lecanora chlarotera Nyl. (Lecanoraceae) Image yellowish-orange, simple to coralloid branched 1E. isidia; rare, scattered, sessile, 0.3–0.8 mm diameter, Specimens examined: 1806/B (YVUH), 13.vi.2012, on biatorine apothecia with orange to brownish-orange bark, on the backside of the arch, Shilathoranam, Chittoor disc, sometimes isidiate, paler margin; K+ purple District, Andhra Pradesh, coll. A. Madhusudhana Reddy epihymenium; 8-spored asci with 10–15×4–8 µm spores & Sanjeeva Nayaka; 1822 (YVUH), 13.vi.2012, elevation and with parietin as lichen substance. 746.5m, on bark, Japali Anjneya Swami Temple, coll. A. The species is known from tropical America and Madhusudhana Reddy & Sanjeeva Nayaka. Nepal. In India, it was earlier reported from Andaman This crustose, corticolous species characterized & Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, by greenish-grey to grey, verruculose to verrucose Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, thallus; numerous, 0.2–0.9 mm in diameter, lecanorine Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu apothecia, pale orange to orange brown or reddish brown and Uttar Pradesh. disc; large crystals and algal cells in exciple, yellowish to brownish epihymenium dissolving in K; 8-spored asci; 3. Caloplaca poliotera (Nyl.) Stein (Teloschistaceae) simple to ellipsoidal, 11.0–15.0×8.0–10.0 µm ascospores Image 1C. and with atranorin, zeorin as lichen substance. Specimen examined: 1850/A (YVUH), 13.vi.2012, The species is widely distributed in Asia, Europe and elevation 746.5m, on bark, Japali Anjneya Swami America. In India it was earlier reported from Jammu Temple, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, coll. A. & Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Manipur, Nagaland, Madhusudhana Reddy & Sanjeeva Nayaka. Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. This crustose, saxicolous species is characterized by greenish-grey to grey, rimose areolate thallus with 6. Lecanora helva Stizenb. (Lecanoraceae) Image 1F. black prothallus; numerous, rounded, sessile apothecia Speciemen examined: 1896 (YVUH), 12.vi.2012, on of size 0.2–0.5 mm in diameter, mostly present at the bark, Horsley hills, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, centre of the thallus; yellowish to reddish-brown disc, coll. A. Madhusudhana Reddy, Sanjeeva Nayaka & B. Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 July 2014 | 6(8): 6122–6126 6123 Additions to lichen mycota of Andhra Pradesh Mohabe et al. A B C D E F Image 1. A - Biatorella conspersa (2348); B - Caloplaca bassiae (2009); C - Caloplaca poliotera (1850/A); D - Dimelaena tenuis (2178); E - Lecanora chlarotera (1822); F - Lecanora helva (1896). Scale bars: A, B, C, D, F = 0.5mm, E = 1mm. 6124 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 July 2014 | 6(8): 6122–6126 Additions to lichen mycota of Andhra Pradesh Mohabe et al. Anjali Devi. Antarctica and in India it was earlier reported from This crustose, corticolous species characterized
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Distribution of Lichens on Few Ancient Monuments of Sonitpur District, Assam, North East India
    Vol. 8(11), pp. 291-296, November 2016 DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2016.0971 Article Number: 1912C0161158 International Journal of Biodiversity ISSN 2141-243X Copyright © 2016 and Conservation Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC Full Length Research Paper Distribution of Lichens on few ancient monuments of Sonitpur district, Assam, North East India Manas Pratim Choudhury1*, Mandira Sarma2, Sanjeeva Nayaka3 and Dilip Kumar Upreti3 1Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781001, Assam, India. 2Department of Botany, Cotton College, Guwahati-781001, Assam, India. 3Lichenology Laboratory, Plant Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Division, National Botanical Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, U.P., India. Received 21 March, 2016; Accepted 15 September, 2016 This preliminary investigation describes the diversity and distribution of lichens from the different archaeological monuments of Sonitpur district, located in the Eastern Himalayan region of India, which is a part of Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. It is a land of natural beauty and rich cultural heritage and it is well reflected in the number of archaeological sites and monuments of ancient time at this region. Enumerations of 38 species of lichen belonging to 21 genera and 15 families have been reported from the archaeological monuments of Sonitpur district. 6 species are new records for this state. Members of Physciaceae showed higher dominance with 11 species followed by Teloschistaceae with 4 species and Lecanoraceae and Verrucariaceae each containing 3 species, respectively. Cryptothecia subnidulans is the most widespread species, reported from 7 study sites. Key words: Diversity, Eastern Himalayan, heritage, hot spot, species. INTRODUCTION Lichens are a stable self-supporting association of a can withstand xeric conditions which other plants find mycobiont and a phycobiont in which the mycobiont is the unfavourable for their growth and survival.
    [Show full text]
  • An Inventory of Lichens in Uttar Pradesh Through Bibliographic Compilation
    National Conference on Forest Biodiversity : Earth’s Living Treasure 22nd May , 2011 An Inventory of Lichens in Uttar Pradesh through Bibliographic Compilation Sanjeeva Nayaka* and Dalip K. Upreti Lichenology Laboratory, National Botanical Research Institute Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow - 226 001 *Email : [email protected] Introduction monographic studies (Awasthi 1980, Akhtar & Awasthi 1980, Awasthi & Srivastava 1989, Joshi & Lichens are basically fungi that construct self sustainable composite thalli symbiotically in Upreti 2007, 2008, Pant & Upreti 1993, Singh & association with alga and or cyanobacteria. They are Upreti 1984, Upreti 1988, 1997, Upreti & Büdel included in the fungal Kingdom, but have members 1990). In the mean time, lichens growing over of other two kingdoms; Bacteria and Chromista monuments attracted the attention of lichenologists (Cavalier-Smith 2004). Lichens are ubiquitous, and they are studied from some major monuments sensitive indicators of air pollution, microclimate of of Uttar Pradesh (Ayub 2005, Chatterjee et al. 1996, region, anthropogenic disturbances, forest health and Saxena et al. 2004, Singh & Upreti 1991). More continuity, and constitute an important component recently, air pollution studies with the help of of terrestrial biodiversity. It is estimated that in the lichens are being conducted in Faizabad (Dubey et world, there are about 20,000 species (Sipman & al. 1999), Kanpur (Satya & Upreti 2009, 2011), Aptroot ,2001) and in India 2300 species (Singh & Lucknow (Bajpai et al. 2004, Mishra et al. 2003, Sinha 2010). Saxena 2004, Saxena et al. 2007, Upreti & Bajpai 2003), Rae Bareli (Bajpai et al. 2010a, b) districts of In India, most of the lichenological explorations Uttar Pradesh and regarding this some lichens have were under taken in lichen rich regions such as been collected.
    [Show full text]
  • Books on Lichens SELECTED READING
    SELECTED READING Books on Lichens •Ahmadjian, V 1993: The Lichen Symbiosis. - John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 250 pp. •Awasthi, D.D. 2000, A Handbook of lichens, Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India, p. 157. •Galun, M. (ed.) 2000: CRC Handbook of Lichenology, Vol, I, II and III, CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton, Florida. •Hale, M.E. 1983, The biology of lichens (3rd ed.). Edward Arnold, Australia, pp 1-190. •Hawksworth, D.L. 1974, Mycologist’s handbook. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, England. pp 1-231. •Mukerji, K.G., Chamola, B.P., Upreti, D.K. and Rajeev K. Upadhyay (eds) 1999, Biology of Lichens, Aravali, New Delhi, p. 419. •Huneck, S. and Yoshimura, I. 1996, Identification of Lichen Substances. Springer, Tokyo, pp 1-493. •Nimis, P.L., Scheidegger, C. and Wolseley, P.A. (eds.) (2002), Monitoring with Lichens – Monitoring Lichens, Nato Science Series, Earth and Environmental Sciences-Vol. 7, Kluwer Academic Publishers. •Richardson, D.H.S. 1992, Pollution monitoring with lichens. Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd. England. Manual on Lichens •Culberson, CF 1969: Chemical and Botanical Guide to Lichen Products. - University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. xi + 628 pp. •Kranner, I., Beckett, R.P. and Varma, A.K. 2002: Protocols in Lichenology. Culturing, Biochemistry, Ecophysiology and Use in Biomonitoring. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 1-570. •Orange, A., James, P.W. and White, F.J. 2001: Microchemical Methods for the Identification of Lichens. - British Lichen Society. 101 pp. •White, FJ and James, PW 1985: A new guide to microchemical techniques for the identification of lichen substances. - British Lichen Society Bulletin 57 (supplement): 1-41.
    [Show full text]
  • Kavaka Title Curve-44.Cdr
    VOL 44 2015 MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA President PROF. B. N. JOHRI Past President PROF. T. SATYANARAYANA Vice President DR. M.V. DESHPANDE Secretary PROF. N. RAAMAN Treasurer PROF. M. SUDHAKARA REDDY Editor PROF. N.S. ATRI Editorial Board PROF. NILS HALLEMBERG, PROF. URMAS KOLJALG, PROF. B.P.R. VITTAL, PROF. ASHOK CHAVAN, PROF. S. MOHAN, KARUPPAYIL, PROF. M. CHANDRASEKARAN, PROF. K. MANJUNATH, DR. S.K. DESHMUKH, DR. R.C. UPADHYAY, PROF. SARITA W. NAZARETH, DR. M.V. DESHPANDE, DR. MUNRUCHI KAUR Members of Council PROF. N.K. DUBEY, DR. SAJAL SAJU DEO, DR. RUPAM KAPOOR, PROF. YASHPAL SHARMA, DR. AVNEET PAL SINGH, DR. SANJAY K. SINGH, DR. CHINTHALA PARAMAGEETHAM, DR. K.B. PURUSHOTHAMA, DR. K. SAMBANDAN, DR. SATISH KUMAR VERMA The Mycological Society of India was founded in January 1973 with a view to bring together the mycologists of the country and with the broad objective of promoting the development of Mycology in India in all its aspects and in the widest perspective. Memebership is open to all interested in mycology. The Life Member subscription is Rs. 3000+50/- in India and £100 or US$ 200 for those in abroad. The annual member subscription is Rs. 500+50/- in India and £20 or US $ 40 for those in abroad. Subscriptions are to be sent to the Treasurer,Prof. M. Sudhakara Reddy, Department of Biotechnology, Thaper University, Patiala-147004, Punjab, India (Email: [email protected] ). All general correspondence should be addressed toProf. N.Raaman, Secretary, MSI, C.A.S. in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, India(Email: [email protected] ).
    [Show full text]
  • First Report of Lichens from St. Mary's Islands, the South West Coast, India
    Studies in Fungi 3(1): 264–270 (2018) www.studiesinfungi.org ISSN 2465-4973 Article Doi 10.5943/sif/3/1/27 Copyright © Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences First report of lichens from St. Mary’s Islands, the south west coast, India Joseph S, Dudani SN and Nayaka S* Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, PIN-226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India Joseph S, Dudani SN, Nayaka S 2018 – First report of lichens from St. Mary’s Islands, the south west coast, India. Studies in Fungi 3(1), 264–270, Doi 10.5943/sif/3/1/27 Abstract The paper presents the first ever report on lichens of St. Mary’s Island with a total of 20 species belonging to 13 genera. Two species, Pertusaria dehiscens var. sekikaica A.W. Archer & Elix and Porina howeana P.M. McCarthy are reported as new records for India. Rhizocarpon obscuratum (Ach.) A. Massal. is recorded after a gap of 52 years. Key words – Biodiversity – coastal lichens – Karnataka state – lichenized Ascomycota – new records Introduction The St. Mary’s Islands are a group of four small islands and several tiny islets located about 6 km off the Malpe coast in Udupi district of Karnataka. The northernmost island is typically characterized by the presence of columnar joints and is prominently covered by coconut trees due to which it is popularly known as ‘Coconut Island’. The other three islands – North Island, Daryabahadurgarh Island and South Island, are located southwards to Coconut Island and together these islands form a north-south archipelago (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Studies on the Lichens Growing in FEEDS Campus and SB Garden in Manipur, India
    Studies in Fungi 5(1): 392–399 (2020) www.studiesinfungi.org ISSN 2465-4973 Article Doi 10.5943/sif/5/1/20 Preliminary studies on the lichens growing in FEEDS campus and SB garden in Manipur, India Nayaka S1*, Joseph S1, Ngangom R1, Tilotama K2 and Arnold PK2 1Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India 2Foundation for Environment and Economic Development Services (FEEDS), Hengbung, Kangpokpi-795 129, Manipur, India Nayaka S, Joseph S, Ngangom R, Tilotama K, Arnold PK 2020 – Preliminary studies on the lichens growing in FEEDS Campus and SB Garden, Hengbung. Studies in Fungi 5(1), 392–399, Doi 10.5943/sif/5/1/20 Abstract In our continuous effort to explore the lichens in new and interesting areas FEEDS campus and SBG garden located in Manipur, a north-eastern state of India are surveyed. The study resulted in 47 species in FEEDS campus and 80 species in SB garden respectively, while both areas shared 22 species in common. The crustose lichens were more dominant in the area represented by Graphidaceae (16 spp.) and Pyrenulaceae (15 spp.). The species composition in both the sites represented photophilic communities such as graphidaceous, physcioid and parmelioid lichens. FEEDS campus had open areas with cultivated plants where as SBG garden had semi-evergreen forest at its initial stage of succession. The study also added 55 lichen species as new distributional records to Manipur. Key words – Biodiversity – Lichenized fungi – Mycobiota – North-east India – Taxonomy Introduction North-east India consisting of eight states is undoubtedly a biodiversity hotspot in the country.
    [Show full text]
  • In Valmiki Tiger Reserve, Bihar, India -- Kamlesh K
    Communicating Science for Conservation Vol. XXXIII, No. 1, January 2018 ISSN 0971-6378 (Print); 0973-2543 (Online) Magazine of Zoo Outreach Organization www.zoosprint.org Communicating science for conservation Vol. XXXIII, No. 1, January 2018 ISSN 0971-6378 (Print); 0973-2543 (Online) Contents Fantastic Facts Go Gharial! Going, going, going GONE ?, Pp. 1-7 Activity Sambar deer Mask, P. 8 Nyctibatrachus mewasinghi - New species of night frog named after Dr. Mewa Singh, P. 9 Reptile Rap Threat to Snakes: Mortality of snakes due to vehicular traffic and anthropogenic impacts in Jahangirnagar University campus, Bangladesh -- Ashis Kumar Datta, Md. Kamrul Hasan & Mohammed Mostafa Feeroz, Pp. 10-14 Small Mammal Mail Chinese Pangolin: Sighting of Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) in Valmiki Tiger Reserve, Bihar, India -- Kamlesh K. Maurya, Shariq Shafi & Mudit Gupta, Pp. 15-18 EX SITU Transportation of wild animals - practical approach & precaution -- R.K. Singh, U.C. Srivastava, M. Nasir & A. Bajaj, Pp. 19-22 Bird-o-soar Long-billed vultures: Additional new breeding site of Long-billed vultures (Gyps indicus) in Moyar Valley, Tamil Nadu, Southern India -- A. Samson & B. Ramakrishnan, Pp. 23-25 An assessment of threats to the bird populations in Ousteri wetland, Puducherry, India -- R. Alexandar, M. Anbarashan & Ravichandra Mondreti, Pp. 26-39 CPSG-SA The Arabian Wonder Gecko Conservation Planning Workshop, Pp. 40-41 Field Reports Education Reports, Pp. 42-48 Announcement Nature Conservation in a Time of Change, Conference of Society for Conservation Biology, 19 & 20 March 2018 at Amity University, Noida, UP Fantastic Facts Fantastic Facts Going,Go going,Gharial going GONE !? NO! Go back to survival ! Now it is up to you ! Go get Gharial back! India came very close to losing its remarkable Gharial in the mid-1970s when it was discovered that their total number throughout India was about 250 animals.
    [Show full text]
  • National Academy of Biological Sciences Summary Proceedings & Recommendations of Tenth NABS- National Conference
    National Academy of Biological Sciences Summary Proceedings & Recommendations of Tenth NABS- National Conference The 10th NABS-National Conference with the theme “Recent trends in Life Science: Research, Practices and Application for Sustainable Development” Jointly organized by National Academy of Biological Sciences & Departments of Botany and Zoology Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu from 7-8September2017 Dr. V. A. Parthasarathy, President, NABS; Chief Patron, Prof. M.S. Swaminathan; Patron and Vice Chancellor, Bharathiar University, Prof. A. Ganapathi 2 National Organizing Committee Chairperson Dr. V. A. Parthasaraty, President of NABS Secretary General Prof. Dr. T. Marimuthu, Secretary, NABS Organizing Secretaries Dr. P. Ponmurugan Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University Dr. V. Ramasubramanian Associate Professor, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University Conveners Dr. A. Rajendran, Professor & Head, Dept. of Botany and Dr. M. Ramesh, Professor & Head i/c Dept. of Zoology, Bharathiar University 3 Welcome to 10th NABS-National Conference Venue Dr. Usha Kirtilal Mehta Convention Centre Bharathiar university, Coimbatore Dates: 7-8 September 2017 4 Inaugural Function Arrival of Delegates to the Conference Hall 5 th A. Proceedings of 10 NABS-National Conference Inaugural Function The inaugural function of the conference was organized on 7 September 2017 at Dr. Usha Kirtilal Mehta Convention Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. After the invocation, Kuthuvilakku was lit by the dignitaries as a mark of auspicious beginning of the conference. Dignitaries on the dais-Inaugural function of NABS-Conference Dignitaries lit the Lamp of wellness (Kutthu Vilakku) Dr. P. Ponmurugan, Organizing Secretary, Welcomed the dignitaries and delegates 6 Delegates stand for Prayer- Inaugural Function Dr. V. Ramasubramanian, Organizing Secretary, briefed about 10th NABS-National Conference Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • New Species and New Records of Lichenized Ascomycota from Tropical Deciduous Forests of the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, India
    Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2018) 42: 346-353 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/bot-1707-58 New species and new records of lichenized Ascomycota from tropical deciduous forests of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India Sumesh N. DUDANI, Sanjeeva NAYAKA*, Komal K. INGLE, Siljo JOSEPH Lichenology Laboratory, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research – National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India Received: 26.07.2017 Accepted/Published Online: 21.12.2017 Final Version: 03.05.2018 Abstract: Stirtonia ghattensis Sumesh N. Dudani, Nayaka, Komal K. Ingle & S. Joseph sp. nov. having UV+ white thallus, 4–6-spored asci, and 5(–7)-septate ascospores and lacking lichen substances is described as new to science. Pertusaria mesotropa Müll. Arg. is reported for the first time from India. Bacidia subannexa (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Graphis caesiella Vain., G. handelii Zahlbr., Hemithecium scariosum Makhija & Adaw., and Pertusaria coccodes (Ach.) Nyl. are new records for Western Ghats. Arthothelium aphanocarpum (Nyl.) Zahlbr., which had a restricted distribution in the Andaman Islands, is collected from the mainland of India for the first time. An updated world key for 28 Stirtonia taxa known to date is provided. Key words: Arthoniomycetes, Lecanoromycetes, Stirtonia, biodiversity, taxonomy, Karnataka state 1. Introduction mostly 8 ascospores; ascospores thick walled, trans- Among the various biogeographic regions in India, the septate (Aptroot, 2009). Makhija and Patwardhan (1998) Western Ghats is an important habitat for numerous lectotypified the genus with S. obvallata (Stirt.) A.L. Sm. endemic, rare, and endangered taxa of flora and fauna. The and provided a detailed morphotaxonomic account of 12 Western Ghats has rich diversity of lichens represented by accepted species.
    [Show full text]
  • New Species and New Records of Graphis (Ostropales: Graphidaceae) from Eastern Ghats, India
    ISSN (E): 2349 – 1183 ISSN (P): 2349 – 9265 3(3): 611–615, 2016 DOI: 10.22271/tpr.2016. v3.i3. 081 Research article New species and new records of Graphis (Ostropales: Graphidaceae) from Eastern Ghats, India Satish Mohabe1, Anjali Devi B.1, Sanjeeva Nayaka2 and A. Madhusudhana Reddy1* 1Department of Botany, Yogi Vemana University, Vemanapuram, Kadapa-526003, Andhra Pradesh, India 2Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India *Corresponding Author: [email protected] [Accepted: 25 November 2016] Abstract: A new species Graphis neeladriensis, and two new records, G. plumierae and G. subalbostriata are described from the Eastern Ghats of India. The newly described species is characterized by crustose, UV+ yellow thallus, sub-immersed to erumpent, short to elongate and simple to sparingly branched lirellae, 2–4 striate labia, laterally carbonized exciple, clear hymenium and terminally muriform ascospores. Keywords: Rayalaseema - Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve - Lichens - Taxonomy. [Cite as: Mohabe S, Anjali DB, Nayaka S & Reddy AM (2016) New species and new records of Graphis (Ostropales: Graphidaceae) from Eastern Ghats, India. Tropical Plant Research 3(3): 611–615] INTRODUCTION Recent studies on the global diversity within the lichen family Graphidaceae indicates that there are large numbers of undiscovered species in the family and at least 175 species have been discovered since 2002. Further analysis predicts that geographically Graphidaceae have a concentrated diversity in a few regions of the world including Southern India (Lücking et al. 2014). Graphis Staiger (2002) is a major genus under the lichen family Graphidaceae, comprising of around 370 species worldwide (Kirk et.
    [Show full text]
  • Lichens of the Sirumalai Hills, Eastern Ghats with One Genus and Six Species New to India
    Studies in Fungi 6(1): 204–212 (2021) www.studiesinfungi.org ISSN 2465-4973 Article Doi 10.5943/sif/6/1/13 Lichens of the Sirumalai hills, Eastern Ghats with one genus and six species new to India Nayaka S1*, Joseph S1, Rajaram SK2, Natesan S2, Sankar K2, David MLR2 and Upreti DK2 1Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India 2Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K. Vellakulam, Near Virudhunagar, Madurai-625 701, Tamil Nadu, India Nayaka S, Joseph S, Rajaram SK, Natesan S, Sankar K, David MLR, Upreti DK 2021 – Lichens of the Sirumalai hills, Eastern Ghats with one genus and six species new to India. Studies in Fungi 6(1), 204–212, Doi 10.5943/sif/6/1/13 Abstract Lichens of Sirumalai hills are reported here for the first time. Lichen biota comprised of 95 species. The genus Japewiella is reported for the first time in India and is represented by J. tavaresiana (H. Magn.) Printzen. Furthermore, the following six taxa including one variety are new to India viz. Arthonia atra (Pers.) A. Schneid., Graphis brevicarpa M. Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H. Moon, Micarea erratica (Körb.) Hertel, Rambold & Pietschm., Pertusaria cicatricosa var. deficiens A.W. Archer, Elix & Streimam, Porina subargillacea Müll Arg., and Pyxine schmidtii Vain. Brief accounts for all the new records to India are provided to facilitate their identification. Arthonia redingeri Grube and Lepraria caesiella R.C. Harris are reported for the first time from south India. Besides all above, 29 species are recorded for the first time from the state of Tamil Nadu.
    [Show full text]
  • Lichen Collections from Nilgiris of Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu and Screening for Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Efficacy of Some Selected Species
    Pramana Research Journal ISSN NO: 2249-2976 Lichen collections from Nilgiris of Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu and screening for antimicrobial, antioxidant efficacy of some selected species Kalidoss. R*, Merlin. J, Charumathy. M, Surekha. S, Arun Prasath. K, Mariraj. M, Shenbagam. M, Rajaprabu. N, and Ponmurugan. P *Biomedical Research Lab, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore – 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract Lichens are unique synergestic relationship between heterotrophic mycobionts (fungal partner) and phototrophic phycobionts (algal partner). Tamil Nadu recorded the ample number of lichens represented by 785 taxa in India. One reason for the luxuriant lichen population in the state is due to the lengthy stretch of Western Ghats and substantial biodiversity hotspots such as Nilgiri, Anamallais, Nilgiris, Palani and Shevory hills. Due to the fact that lichens are harvested in huge amounts for commercial marketing which threaten their diversity. However, the lichen diversity reports in many parts of Western Ghats are out of date. Therefore, the present study was intended to reassess the lichen diversity in this region and survey study has triggered with Nilgiris (Udhagamandalam). The chosen study area in Nilgiris has rich in lichen diversity and some of the Parmelioid lichens are available in huge quantity. The following are the major objectives of the present study such as reassessment of lichen diversity in Nilgiris hills, phytochemical total phenolic compound analysis and Bioprospection studies or biomedical application on selected lichens, by antimicrobial, and in vitro anti-oxidant assay. The lichen survey in seven localities of Nilgiris resulted in 39 species belonging to 23 genera and 9 families.
    [Show full text]