Volume II, Issue 3 Journal Fall 2000 — Tishrei 5761

• WE WISH YOU ALL A HAPPY AND SWEET NEW YEAR •

Thanking God Who From Our President Has Made Me a The Soul of Woman… By we must ask what principles or By Belda Lindenbaum mind-set might enable Jewish his is the leaders to turn a deaf ear to young ach time allegations of sexual season of victims and hear only the accused. abuse surface in the Jewish T teshuva, of When the accused is viewed not E community I find that neither repentance and of only as a charismatic leader, but surprise nor shock are among the turning one’s life also as a talmid hakham — a emotions I experience. While they in new directions. Torah scholar, we find that some may appear aberrant, cases of sexu- On a communal level teshuva in our community apply a differ- al abuse stem from negative atti- means reorienting our values and ent standard of accountability. tudes towards women’s bodies that reordering priorities. In this spirit, have existed widely in society and we devote the JOFA Journal to the There are several signs of this culture. These attitudes are subtle, Lanner case. double standard. One is the accu- yet pervasive, insinuating them- sation that defaming a talmid selves into language, law, custom An important youth leader, hakham constitutes lashon hara and gender relationships. They Baruch Lanner has been (slander). Another is the charge explain why women have a deep- accused of sexually harassing girls that disclosing the aberrant behav- seated sense of vulnerability about and physically abusing boys. The ior of an individual who repre- allegations against Lanner are their bodies. They explain why sents amounts to a hillul compounded by accusations that women in some societies are given Hashem, a desecration of God’s those who had the power to pro- in without their consent to name. Third is talk of the interven- men they neither know nor love, tect the victims did not take tion of daas Torah in establishing why rape, despite laws to the con- appropriate action (The Jewish trary, is a feature of war; why young Week, June 23, 2000). a differential set of parameters of daughters are victims of incest; why confidentiality and responsibility Questions of whether Lanner is for a talmid hakham. teen age girls can be kidnapped or guilty and whether his superiors sold for sexual trafficking; and why were aware of the allegations but erforce we must ask: Is it American parents, regardless of remained passive are the sub- merely collegiality or is there class and location, must worry more stance of an investigative commis- Pa basis in our sacred texts for about their daughters coming home sion. Regardless of their findings judging an errant talmid hakham after dark than about their sons. (JOFA bases itself upon reports in by a different set of rules? One To be sure, all of this is far distant would imagine that a rabbi and from the specifics of the allegations, The Jewish Week and does not take a position on the guilt of Lanner purveyor of Torah would be held yet any act of abuse is linked to a to a higher moral standard, a more continuum of deeply ingrained atti- or his organization), we must rigorous public accountability, not tudes towards women’s bodies to explore the questions that will which a sick mind can connect. Per- likely remain beyond the purview a lesser one. Indeed, one can find haps the most chilling aspect of a of the commission — the “why” numerous text references that 1 recent case involving allegations of questions. hold leaders to a higher standard. sexual and emotional harassment of ne such question regards Yet there is also a strand in our teens by a prominent youth leader oversight. It hangs disqui- tradition that permits covering up is that the men overseeing the Oetingly in the air, for it cuts the sins of a talmid hakham as leader are alleged to have dismissed deeper than the story of one well as disciplining him less strin- the explicit testimony of several alleged abuser. As a community, gently.2 Regrettably, many of those Continued on page 2 Continued on page 2 2— JOFA JOURNAL

halakha requires, so that men will harassment is isolated. Each results Thanking God… not be distracted by the sensuality from a deep flaw in our community. Continued from page 1 of our bodies. Our menstrual blood It behooves us, and especially those is frightening and unclean, and we of us who hold the interpretive women, as reported in The Jewish become frightening and unclean. keys, to examine all laws that place Week. If investigation proves the ttitudes towards women’s women in a lesser light or disadvan- allegations to be true, then in their bodies do not stand by them- taged position. These include legal inaction these men subtly connect- A selves, but are linked to neg- rulings in which women are treated ed themselves to the continuum of ative attitudes towards women’s as “less equal” than men; issues of degradation of women’s bodies. spirits and souls and minds and women’s voice and presence; issues We must break through this chain emotions. Like a Schherezade, I of gender language. Different or of vulnerability. That is where our could recount a thousand and one distinctive gender roles are legiti- Torah community comes in. It is indignities that Orthodox Jewish mate, but cases in which women’s time for us to take the lead, begin- women have visited upon them in lives or intrinsic dignity is less val- ning with reexamination of our own their daily lives. From an early age ued must be corrected. We are all, sacred texts, to discover where in boys are taught covertly and overtly girls and boys, men and women, practice they engender unhealthy to trivialize women and their role in made in God’s image. As a religious attitudes towards women’s bodies. Jewish society. We are told it is only community we must be leaders in We can be doctors, lawyers and a case of mathematics, men make a protecting the daughters of Israel executives in the secular world, but quorum of ten and women do not. and all the daughters of the world in the context of our Jewish lives we But all too often this simple arith- from forevermore fearing violation metic leads to a complex exclusion of the sanctity of their bodies and are “acquired” (kinyan) in marriage from synagogue, study hall and reli- souls. and can not initiate . Mekhit- gious ritual. Go to almost any syna- In the morning prayers each day zot are built far higher than the gogue and when a girl is named we call upon God who heals the Takhanun is recited despite the broken hearted and binds up their simha. Attend a , a wel- wounds. It is my hope that all who coming ceremony for the birth of a are hurt and damaged will experi- girl, and it concludes with the hope ence the fullness of this blessing. ■ that the next child will be a son. Try A publication of the to deal with a recalcitrant husband Belda Lindenbaum is president of Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance and you will soon understand the the board of Drisha Institute, where reality that women simply don’t she has been actively involved from Volume II, Issue 3 count for too much. It is a reality its inception. She is also a vice pres- Fall 2000 — Tishrei 5761 that together, men and women must ident of JOFA and the founder of President: Blu Greenberg change. and of the No case of sexual abuse or Toanut Bet Din Program. Editor: Lisa Schlaff Editorial Board: Esther Farber, Chairperson The Soul of Halakha procedural issues dramatizes not Dr. Adena K. Berkowitz only the failure of religious cre- Janet Dolgin Continued from page 1 Carol Newman ativity but also the disembodiment of halakha and its disconnection who hold the interpretative keys Executive Director: from a woman’s trauma. We Marcy Serkin to halakha have chosen to lean on should be concerned that the next the former, on those sources Founding Donors: generation of talmidei hakhamim which offer leeway to cover and Belda and Marcel Lindenbaum are trained not only to apply legal Jewish Life Network/Steinhardt Foundation whitewash misdeeds of a leader. The Harry Stern Family Foundation, structures, but to attend to the Harry & Cantor Deborah Stern & Something is terribly wrong human suffering behind the ques- Zelda Stern with this picture. An emphasis on tions. legal detail divorced from the JOFA JOURNAL is published quarterly by ow can we increasingly the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance, a humanity of the halakha negates restore the humanity to the non-profit organization. Membership is $36 the true purposes of halakha; to H halakhic enterprise? We per year, $18 for students or seniors. All cor- develop a relationship with God, must search for ways everywhere. respondence should be mailed to: Jewish to love one’s neighbor as oneself, Orthodox Feminist Alliance, 459 Columbus One way is to bring women more Avenue, Suite 329, New York, NY 10024. to improve the world. The process fully into the halls of learning, and We can be reached by phone at: (212) 752- of bifurcation applies to issues religious and communal authority. 7133, fax at: (212) 753-6054, email at: concerning women as well. If women were involved in scruti- [email protected]. See our website at That the agunah’s cries carry ny and oversight of leaders when www.jofa.org. less weight than purely legal or Continued on page 6 Fall 2000 Tishrei 5761 — 3 Prisons of Thought

Excerpts from a sermon, delivered Parshat Shelach 5760 at Congregation Kehilath Jeshurun

By Joshua Cypess jaded to the concept that a youth ble — but precarious — for us to leader could be this kind of preda- acknowledge that Torah learning is romised the land of milk of tor. What confounds us more are not inextricably linked to morality. honey, in parshat Shelach the allegations that superiors of the Pirkei Avot reminds us of this by PJews reject God after hearing youth leader turned a deaf ear to suggesting that one’s learning can the evil report of the ten spies. the complaints of the children. exceed one’s fear of sin (3:11), and How could the Jewish people Whether the allegations in this that Torah can be perverted into favor the negative report of the case are correct or not — and we “an ornament for self-glory” (4:7). spies over the prophecies of God? pray that they are not, we are It is precarious because we thrive If we understand why the spies compelled to examine their gener- on simple equations. Complexity were so convincing we can make al implications. When a Torah is hard to maintain as a mass move- sense of this betrayal. When God scholar is accused of immoral ment. commanded Moshe to send a man behavior, we run up against the ow then do we demand from each tribe, God stipulated deeply ingrained belief that Torah from our leaders both that “each one be a nasi,” a prince scholars are also moral leaders. HTorah knowledge and (Bem. 13:2). The spies were not Our first recourse is to discredit moral judgement? We must your James Bond-style profession- the leader’s Torah learning. But enforce these qualities in our- al spies. They were princes, heads sometimes that is not possible. selves. We must ensure that we of the nation. Sometimes one accused of inap- ourselves are knowledgeable in The book of Bemidbar is suf- propriate conduct is indeed a Torah so that our self-perceptions fused with details about the tribes, are not shattered by the notion of their numbers, and their leaders. a sinning sage. We must ensure From our Moses-centric perspec- They could not admit to that we ourselves are morally tive these details seem extraneous. the shortcomings of their upright so that we do not hide But to the people let out of Egypt leaders and instead chose from the misdeeds of others. Com- the tribal leaders were the key to ing to terms with the sins of our survival during years of bondage. to stand by their leaders at leaders means coming to terms These men kept the nation struc- all costs. with our own fallibility. If we are tured and sustained. In the eyes of distraught at the failure of our an ordinary Jew the character of leaders, then we must be ready to the nation rested upon the charac- talmid hakaham. In such cases, work against our own prisons of the only solution left to those who ter of the princes. thought when we are confronted do not wish to admit that Torah When the Jewish people heard with immoral stances that benefit scholars can go astray is to claim the negative report of their ourselves at the expense of others. that the leader in question did not princes, they were struck by a really sin. The sin of the spies was the conundrum: if the leaders were It is especially easy to deny desire to remain in the desert and wrong in the present, then they accusations when those lodging accept the familiar satisfactions of were also wrong in the past! If the complaints against a Torah scholar slavery over the unknown chal- leaders were failures and frauds, are children. While we love our lenges of liberation. To this day then the followers who trusted kids, we entrust professionals to we are cursed by that sin and them were as well! The Jewish take care of them…and out of faced with that choice. The gen- people reconciled this conflict by sight, out of mind. The complaints eration of the spies accepted the doing the absurd. They could not of children may be even less force- absurd to avoid admitting their admit to the shortcomings of their ful when the children are girls. If own failures.We must not do the ■ leaders and instead chose to stand we don’t listen to women, when same. by their leaders at all costs. They are we going to listen to girls? rejected God’s testimony in order f we consider allegations Joshua Cypess is a rabbinic assis- to cling to a false view of them- against a Torah scholar serious- tant at Congregation Kehilath selves. I ly enough to investigate them, Jeshurun and teaches Bible at the The Orthodox world has been how then do we reconcile the dis- Drisha Institute and at Stern Col- rocked by allegations that an sonance between Torah learning lege for Women. He is a graduate NCSY rabbi and leader inflicted and morality? We must recognize of Princeton University in anthro- physical, sexual and emotional that the definition of a talmid pology and is completing his ordi- abuse upon countless children hakham must be as complex as nation at Yeshiva University’s over the past 25 years. any human personality. It is possi- Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Unfortunately we have become Seminary. 4— JOFA JOURNAL

The truth is that all normal, “Why Don’t the Girls say ‘No!’” healthy children have erotic fan- tasies and feelings. This is not a Michelle E. Friedman, M.D. ented and popular, inside they are comfortable fact for many parents desperate for validation of their who view masturbation, curiosity ach time another sordid story likeability. The need for affirma- about the body, and other evidence of sexual molestation of chil- tion renders a girl susceptible to of sensual stirrings as dirty and E dren comes to light, an molesters — often respected per- even anti-religious. Attitudes of dis- inevitable series of questions arise. sons who have an aura of trust and may, shock or horror about chil- “Why didn’t the girls* protest? Why who bestow unprotected, needy dren’s erotic lives inevitably shut didn’t they tell their parents, a children with special attention and down open discussion in which teacher, a trusted friend? Why did- calculated favors. A private tutorial girls can develop appropriate, n’t they say ‘no!’ to the abuser, and or chat easily becomes the scene of healthy relationships with their fight back?” a sexual encounter. During the own bodies. I have treated a num- I applaud such outrage. It tells course of comforting conversation, ber of young Orthodox women so me that the person protesting has a a seemingly benign pat on the infused with shame about their clear sense of ownership of her head may slip down to a hand on womanly bodies and sensations body and personal integrity. She is the shoulder, evolving into a caress they felt it was “immodest” to use not likely to tolerate violation of of the breast or genital area. The the language necessary to docu- appropriate boundaries. I only girl feels a swirling mixture of ment sexual abuse. hope that she is working hard to emotion, all at the same time — A girl who does not speak up instill the same sense of self- surprise, disgust, excitement, fear. about molestation also feels that respect and worth in her children She may perceive that she has a her words will not be taken seri- and students. This is exactly what ously. She is intimidated by author- the victims of sexual abuse are ity and does not want to be per- missing. At the heart of every act ceived as a troublemaker. Undoubt- In this brief discussion of abuse of molestation lies the edly she is terrified of being humil- I want to focus on two basic issues. exploitation of an unequal iated or even punished for expos- What is going on for the molester, ing the abuse. We in the religious what is going on for the abused relationship and a community need to be especially child? At the heart of every act of fundamental corruption sensitive to the stigma attached to molestation lies the exploitation of of love and trust. uncovering shame. an unequal relationship and a fun- y work as a psychiatrist damental corruption of love and has taught me that sexual trust. By definition, an adult is in a M boundary violations know position of power and authority special bond with the adult and is no distinction of religious, econom- over a child. Incestuous fathers, loath to put it at risk. She may feel ic or social status. I treated an molesting teachers, and terrified of retaliation if she doesn’t heiress who was molested virtually cooperate or worse, if she blows other adults all prey on the natural every day during her primary the whistle on the abuser. desire of children to feel noticed school years by the elevator man in I want to call your attention to and loved. Determined to satisfy her luxury apartment house. A the “Lolita factor,” the insidious ten- his perverse cravings, the sexual handicapped Hasidic girl was sexu- dency to blame the victim of abuse. predator chooses his victims with ally abused for years by her broth- This pernicious reversal of perpe- skill and cunning. His emotional er-in-law, a situation which contin- trator and victim insinuates that by antennae are exquisitely tuned in ued well into her marriage to the being overly seductive in her cloth- point that she was unsure of the to vulnerable children. He will ing or manner, the molested girl is entice and coerce girls to pay with really a lascivious nymphet respon- paternity of her youngest child. their bodies for the attention and sible for her own degradation. Sug- Too many young married modern affection they naturally desire. gesting that a girl is “looking for Orthodox women have come into ho is a vulnerable child? trouble” is fundamentally wrong. my office to complain bitterly of Like many female adoles- Even when a victim is erotically intimacy issues and severe sexual W cents undergoing the tran- aroused by her abuser, we must dysfunction only to reveal, on care- sition to womanhood, she is a girl remember that children can never ful interview, their tormented histo- who does not realize she has a be consensual partners in sex with ries of molestation for lengthy peri- right to demand proper respect of adults. ods of time by charismatic rabbis, her body and psyche. Why not? educators or relatives. Each story is Several potential factors come to heartbreaking — both for the pain mind. Teenage girls often feel * While I use female pronouns for these women have endured and for unattractive, insecure and lonely. clarity, please remember that boys the continuous burden of the diffi- Even if outwardly they appear tal- are also victims of sexual abuse. cult work of repair. Fall 2000 Tishrei 5761 — 5

What can we, as concerned Orthodox Jewish feminists, do? A great deal. Starting at home, we can Preventing Abuse: What Schools, make sure that we are raising chil- dren who feel comfortable with Youth Groups, and Camps Can Do their bodies and trusted in their confidences. We can make sure that he following is a list of general policies that should be enact- the recognition and appropriate ed in all youth organizations. Parents should contact individ- expression of normal sexual feel- T ual organizations to inquire about the specifics of their abuse- ings is not suppressed because of prevention policy. If your child’s organization does not have a set our discomfort, often in the guise policy, urge it to develop one immediately. of what I call “pseudo-modesty.” We must discuss these issues openly in • Set written policy of acceptable and non-acceptable behavior to conversation. Children need guide- be signed by all staff and distributed to parents. Examples of lines to help them deal with tense, unacceptable behavior are suggestive body language, over famil- sexually suggestive or explicit situ- iarity with youth, inappropriate language, and denigration of ations that may arise with authori- parental authority. ties, relatives, even their friends’ • Run in-service programs for staff to increase sensitivity and parents. We need to be careful who awareness about issues of abuse. A mental health professional we allow our girls to be alone with. should be present to discuss the long-term effects of abuse. If something uncomfortable occurs, • Screen staff carefully before hiring. Conduct extensive inter- our girls must feel safe coming to views and call all available references, even for short-term or us for help. intermittent jobs. On a communal level, we must • Run seminars for youth educating them to recognize various demand appropriate supervision of forms of abuse and informing them whom to contact if they adult-child contacts. Every institu- become victims of abuse. tion, be it school, camp, youth movement, etc. must demonstrate a • Hire a full time psychologist to address emotional problems of clear chain of responsibility for youth and to serve as a confidential contact for complaints of proper conduct and a working sys- abuse. tem that addresses grievances. Par- • Ensure that confidential psychological services or referrals ents interviewing prospective insti- are available to staff so that staff has somewhere to turn when tutions should specifically inquire experiencing difficulties. about the precautions that have • Keep parents involved in organizational policy making and been established to address sexual staffing. misconduct. Adults suspected of molestation need to be immediate- • Establish a mechanism to review staff regularly. The director ly removed from positions interfac- or personnel department should regularly review staff to ensure ing with children. Investigations that they are complying with the code of acceptable behavior. must be scrupulous while safe- • Recognize that abuse takes many forms — sexual, physical, guarding, as much as possible, the emotional, and that all must be dealt with seriously. privacy of involved persons. The long range mental health impact of molestation must be considered. Sexual victimization of children is an ancient problem. Rather than expect to stamp it out, we should work on how best to recognize abuse and deal with it when it does happen. ■

Michelle Friedman M.D. is an Assis- tant Clinical Professor of Psychia- try at the Mt. Sinai Hospital and Medical Center. She is also on staff “For all these, O God of forgiveness, at the Columbia University Center forgive us, pardon us, attone for us.” for Psychoanalytic Study and Research. Dr. Friedman maintains The Complete Artscroll Machzor, Yom Kippur a private practice in New York City. 6— JOFA JOURNAL

The Soul of Halakha ethics for the whole community, and to place moral and ethical Continued from page 1 issues on a plane of ultimate girls complain of harassment they ty, one that would enhance men’s halakhic significance. would not likely be asked, “But he understanding of these texts, and eshuva is the path to tikkun didn’t rape you, did he?” If ultimately, p’sak (halakhic deci- olam, repair of the world. it women were involved in halakhic sion) on these issues. T is only when we repair our decision making, they would lend All of these concerns must now own house that we will be able to weight to those halakhists who be taken up by the whole commu- influence the world, as God has are attentive to human feeling, nity and not swept under the rug. set us upon this earth to do. extending beyond strict applica- Teshuva means it is never too late Wishing you, dear readers, a tion of legal principles. If women to re-chart a new path. It is possi- sweet and healthy New Year. were fully accepted in the beit ble to achieve many things as a midrash, we would learn to read Le’shanah tova tekatevu ve community: to break the chain of ■ our sacred texts in a new light. women’s vulnerability, to elevate tekhatemu. Walk into a women’s beit midrash the sanctity of an individual to his and you will find that talmudic 1 See for example Bavli Moed Katan 17a, Ram- and her proper level of tzelem bam, Hilkhot Torah 7,1, Shulkhan texts concerning aginut or rape Elokim (creation in God’s image), Arukh Yoreh Deah 334,42, and Yoma 86a are read with a different sensitivi- to restore a single standard of 2 See for example, Bavli Shabbat 114a.

Resource Corner Web Sites www.edah.org Books dah’s new web site is replete with resources Efor Orthodox feminists. Surfers can access Moonbeams: A Hadassah Rosh Hodesh Guide The Modern Orthodox Library which contains a By Leora Tanenbaum, Claudia Chernov and bibliography of articles, tapes and speeches on Hadassah Tropper topics of interest to the modern Orthodox com- Edited by Carol Diamant munity, including Women and Judaism and Jewish Lights Publishing 2000 Halakha and Authority in Judaism. Click on the Speaker’s Referral Service and you will find a list study guide for women’s Rosh Hodesh of male and female Modern Orthodox speakers, A groups, Moonbeams presents classical and many of whom specialize in topics relating to modern Jewish sources along with analysis and women and Judaism. Scroll to Edah’s Bulletin discussion questions. Arranged according to Boards and you can participate in a discussion on month, the topics chosen often reflect some the plight of agunot. The web site also contains aspect of the month, such as the Tevet discussion links to other Jewish learning web sites and a city- of Jewish self-hatred in relationship to the tri- by-city list of where to find a women’s tefilla ser- umph of Judaism celebrated on Hanukkah. Many vice. of the topics presented are of special interest to Orthodox women, such as women’s hair cover- www.orthodoxcaucus.org ing, modesty, women wearing tallit and tefillin, major portion of the Orthodox Caucus web and women and Israeli law. With a clear and site is devoted to a Discussion Forum on engaging presentation, this book is a wonderful A Women and Orthodoxy. Surfers can access a doc- resource for women’s Rosh Hodesh groups, or ument presenting multiple views on the role of anyone who wants to embark upon a course of , and can read and post reac- Jewish study. tions to the document. The web site also contains a plethora of information on the pre-nuptial agreement, including articles on its background, text, and strategies to promote it. Fall 2000 Tishrei 5761 — 7

England, an umbrella organization New and Noteworthy representing British , elected a woman, Jo Wagerman, as its presi- Compiled by Abigail Gottesman the immediacy of the problem. dent. Reflecting on the first election •Sponsor yomei iyun (days of of a woman president Ms. Wager- JOFA learning) and various educational man said “It’s not that I am leading programs on the halakhic aspects the army. It’s just that the tide is OFA has hired Dr. Sarah of the agunah problem. going in that direction.” JMendlovitz to lead it’s new Advo- cacy for Agunot Project. The pro- •Reconvene rabbis to explore California ject’s mission is to increase aware- ways to proceed in solving the agunah crisis. ness of the agunah issue in the Jew- new and exciting learning pro- ish community and to advocate on Dr. Mendlovitz has a Ph.d in clin- A gram for women is beginning behalf of agunot and their children. ical psychology from City University this October in Los Angeles. Netiv- JOFA hopes that increasing the visi- of New York. In her work she has ot (Pathways) is a community-wide bility of the agunah issue will result focused upon women in transition. effort to provide women with text- in quicker and better solutions for Additionally, she has been involved based, participatory shiurim in top- agunot. There are already several in civil rights and welfare reform ics ranging from Tanakh and activities. projects planned for the future: halakha to Jewish thought. Classes • Encourage Orthodox synagogues International will be held mornings, evenings and to recite a prayer for agunot dur- weekends at the Westside Jewish ing Shabbat services and ask mit women is continuing its Community Center in LA and at Rabbis to urge synagogue mem- Tanach Yomi Daily Torah Study locations in North Hollywood, and bers to include the prayer at can- A program. Amit provides handy will service those with advanced dle lighting, under the chupa and study guides that take you through learning skills as well as those with when saying tehilim. the Torah in short daily sessions rudimentary Hebrew literacy. Netiv- •Develop a comprehensive with summaries and contemporary ot can be reached by phone at 310- resource base of individuals and analytical questions for considera- 286-2346 or by email at Info@Netiv- organizations who can help tion and discussion. Call Amit at ot.org. women in need of advice, legal 212-477-4720, or 1-800-989-2648 or counsel, mediation services and see the Amit website at Abbie Gottesman has studied at social services. www.amitchildren.org Pardes and at Nishmat, and is a •Design an agunah awareness member of the Board of Pardes. She pin, (similar to the pink ribbon Britain is an active member of the women’s for breast cancer awareness) to tefilla group of Kehillat Orath Eliez- raise the visibility of the issue or the first time in its 240 year er, and is currently studying for her and encourage people to discuss Fhistory, the Board of Deputies in MBA.

Birth (20pp.), Shabbat (21pp.), Also includes candle lighting JOFA Merchandise Bat Mitvah (21pp.), Death & times and all holidays. September Mourning (15pp.). 2000 to September 2001. Shrink wrapped…...... …….…$10.00 Tee Shirt Contains sources for contempo- rary options for Orthodox Short sleeved, 100% cotton, white To order, please send your check women’s participation in these (including $2.50 for shipping) to: with “dancing women” logo on occasions, historical information, the chest pocket. t’khines and bibliography. JOFA M and XL…………...... …..$10.00 459 Columbus Avenue, Suite 329 $5.00 Per book New York, NY 10024 Baseball Cap $18.00 Set of four books Or visit our online store at Canvas with embroidered “danc- ing women” logo on front. Calendar www.jofa.org Natural or Black………..…..$12.00 Full color, beautifully illustrated To order tapes of the Third Interna- Publications wall calendar containing images tional Conference on Feminism & of both historical and contempo- Orthodoxy, or of the previous con- “The Orthodox Jewish Woman rary Jewish women engaged in rit- ferences, contact In-Phase at (914) and Ritual: Options and Opportu- ual, quotations, resources and 794-2222 or by fax at (914) 794- nities” series. Titles available: important dates of interest. 1211. Tapes are $6.00 each. 8— JOFA JOURNAL

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