Psychology – Year 11 Transition Work

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Psychology – Year 11 Transition Work Psychology – Year 11 transition work Introduction to Psychology We would like you to do some preparation for your Psychology A level. You probably have not studied Psychology before, so this will be a good way of getting to know some very famous researchers that we will come across next year. What do I need to do? We would like you to research at least 5 of following psychologists using the internet or any books you have access to and put together a poster that contains: • A brief summary of their most famous work, which might include what they have found or a theory that they have proposed • If you can, an image of the psychologist The poster can be hand written or done on the computer, whichever is easiest for you. Here is an example: HARRY HARLOW Dr Harlow conducted most of his research using rhesus monkeys. His most famous work demonstrated that when infant monkeys were given the choice of a wire model monkey that provided food or a wire model monkey covered with soft cloth, which provided no food, the infant monkeys spent all of the time with the cloth model. This work showed us that attachment to parents is not just for food, but actually primarily for love and comfort. Here is a list of famous psychologists we would like you to research at least 5: • Sigmund Freud • Soloman Asch • John Bowlby • Albert Bandura • Burrhus Skinner • Alan Baddeley • Elizabeth Loftus • Philip Zimbardo We will be • Mary Ainsworth • Korad Lorenz displaying the best • Stanley Milgram • Michael Rutter posters on the classroom wall • Aaron Beck • Wilhelm Wundt • Albert Ellis • Abraham Maslow .
Recommended publications
  • Encyclopedia of Psychotherapy-Logotherapy.Pdf
    Logotherapy Paul T. P. Wong Trinity Western University, British Columbia, Canada I. Introduction Known as the “Third Viennese School of Psychother- II. The Spiritual Dimension apy,” logotherapy was developed in the 1930s because of III. The Meaning of Meaning Frankl’s dissatisfaction with both Freud and Adler. IV. Basic Tenets Frankl accepts Sigmund Freud’s concept of uncon- V. Existential Frustration and Noogenic Neurosis sciousness but considers the will to meaning as more VI. Logotherapeutic Techniques and Applications VII. Recent Developments fundamental than the will to pleasure. Existential Further Reading analysis is designed to bring to consciousness the “hid- den” meaning or spiritual dimension of the client. Frankl received training in individual psychology GLOSSARY from Adler. He differs from Adler because he focuses on the will to meaning, while Adler emphasizes social dereflection A logotherapeutic technique to redirect clients’ attention away from their problems to more positive as- interest and the will to power. However, some of the pects of their lives. It is built on the human capacity for basic concepts of logotherapy, such as freedom and re- self-distancing and self-transcendence. sponsibility, bear the imprint of Adler’s influence. existential analysis Developed by Viktor Frankl, it refers to A major difference between logotherapy and psycho- therapeutic techniques that bring the hidden meaning of analysis is that both Freud and Adler focus on the past, existence into consciousness. while logotherapy focuses rather on the future—on the logotherapy Developed by Viktor Frankl, it refers to a spiri- meanings to be fulfilled. tually, existentially oriented therapy that seeks to achieve Although logotherapy and existential analysis tend healing and health through meaning.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biological Approach to Psychiatry: History and Prospects
    The Journal of Neuroscience, June 1990, IO(6): 1707-1710 Feature Article The Biological Approach to Psychiatry: History and Prospects Samuel H. Barondes Department of Psychiatry, Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143 Medicine is becoming an increasingly molecular discipline, and An example of a major psychiatric disorder with an overt in none of its specialities is this change causing more of a stir brain pathology is dementia paralytica which, at the beginning than in psychiatry. This is because psychiatry has been domi- of the twentieth century, affected about half the patients in psy- nated, for many years, by subjective approaches to mental ill- chiatric hospitals (Henry, 194 1). It is a progressive mental illness ness that are as far as one can get from quantitative science. No that may begin with manic behavior and grandiosity, and pro- wonder psychiatrists have been unsettled by the realization that gress to dementia and paralysis. Originally considered to be the next major advances in their field are bound to come from caused by psychological factors, it is actually a late manifestation genetics and molecular biology. of syphilis, with psychotic symptoms appearing only many years This article is written for neurobiologists who are becoming after the initial venereal infection. Once its etiology was estab- interested in this changing psychiatry. My goal is to put current lished, antimicrobial agents provided a cure. The eradication developments into a historical perspective and especially to show of neurosyphilis is, therefore, a clear illustration of the value of that psychiatry already accommodates a biological approach.
    [Show full text]
  • About Psychoanalysis
    ABOUT PSYCHOANALYSIS What is psychoanalysis? What is psychoanalytic treatment for? Freud’s major discoveries and innovations • The Unconscious • Early childhood experiences • Psychosexual development • The Oedipus complex • Repression • Dreams are wish-fulfilments • Transference • Free association • The Ego, the Id and the Super-Ego Major discoveries and additions to psychoanalytic theory since Freud: the different strands and schools within psychoanalysis today • Classical and contemporary Freudians • Sándor Ferenczi • Ego-Psychology • Classical and contemporary Kleinians • The Bionian branch of the Kleinian School • Winnicott’s branch of the Object-Relations Theory • French psychoanalysis • Self-Psychology • Relational Psychoanalysis The core psychoanalytic method and setting • Method • Setting Various Psychoanalytic Treatment Methods (adult, children, groups, etc) • Psychoanalysis • Psychoanalytic or psychodynamic psychotherapy • Children and adolescents • Psychoanalytic psychodrama • Psychoanalytic Couples- and Family-Psychotherapy • Psychoanalytic Groups Psychoanalytic training Applied psychoanalysis The IPA, its organisation and ethical guidelines Where to encounter psychoanalysis? What is psychoanalysis? Psychoanalysis is both a theory of the human mind and a therapeutic practice. It was founded by Sigmund Freud between 1885 and 1939 and continues to be developed by psychoanalysts all over the world. Psychoanalysis has four major areas of application: 1) as a theory of how the mind works 2) as a treatment method for psychic problems 3) as a method of research, and 4) as a way of viewing cultural and social phenomena like literature, art, movies, performances, politics and groups. What is psychoanalytic treatment for? Psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy are for those who feel caught in recurrent psychic problems that impede their potential to experience happiness with their partners, families, and friends as well as success and fulfilment in their work and the normal tasks of everyday life.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief History of Logotherapy
    Advanced Diploma in Logotherapy Module 1 Unit 1 Reading 2 READING 1.1.2 A Brief History of Logotherapy Stephen Kalmar The history of a new school of thought is, in its first phase, largely the history of its founder, following step by step as the new line of thought is developed. In its second phase, the views of the founder find acceptance and gather disciples. Then, in a third phase, the followers of the founder apply and expand these ideas to test, then deepen and modify them as they feel it necessary and justified. The flowers which grow from the original seeds may often surprise the founder. Freud, Marx, and Jesus would be astonished to see all the things that have been said, written, and done in their names. At this moment the history of Logotherapy has reached the threshold between its second and third phases, with the founder fortunately still actively participating and watching the developments of his Logotherapy, offering guidance and criticism. Viktor E. Frankl‟s writings are to a large extent autobiographical. We can see how his thoughts from the earliest beginnings have developed, both chronologically and systematically, until they became what is often referred to as the third Viennese school of psychotherapy—Sigmund Freud‟s being the first and Alfred Adler‟s the second. Frankl, with his usual sense of humor, gives us in An Autobiographical Sketch (Frank 1981a, p.144) what might be said to be the exact “birthday” of Logotherapy. One evening, he recalls, before falling asleep at the age of four, in 1909, a frightening thought struck him: “One day I, too, will die.
    [Show full text]
  • “The Unconscious,” by Freud
    MINI REVIEW published: 15 July 2015 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01001 Possible relation between psychosis and the unconscious: a review of “The Unconscious,” by Freud Jacqueline de Oliveira Moreira1* and Carlos R. Drawin2 1 Extended General Practice in Health, Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 2 Philosophy, Federal University of Minas Gerais and Jesuit School of Philosophy and Theology, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil This review intends to present some elements of the Freudian thinking on psychosis, focusing on the relations between psychosis and the unconscious. The unconscious Edited by: phenomena which episodically cross the neurotic individual are massively and Diogo Telles-Correia, continuously shown on psychosis. The psychotic individual appears to be constantly University of Lisbon, Portugal invaded by the other, like a strange person, which bursts inside of him/her and presents Reviewed by: itself as a threat to the process of construction of this person’s identity. But what is João Gama Marques, Faculdade de Medicina da the relation between the unconscious and psychosis in the Freudian text? It could be Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal hypothesized that the psychotic individual may be invaded by a pulsating unconscious João Silva Gonçalves, which demands a symbolic mediation. This reveals the importance of associating verbal Hospital Santa Maria – Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Portugal construction to medication in cases of psychosis. Filipe Pinheiro Hargreaves Arantes-Gonçalves,
    [Show full text]
  • Before They Called It Psychopharmacology* Heinz E
    NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 1993-VOL. 8, NO. 4 291 SPECIAL LECTURE Before They Called It Psychopharmacology* Heinz E. Lehmann, M.D. BEFORE THEY CALLED IT Johns Hopkins, who called the domain of psychophar­ PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY macology "certainly very meager." Macht conducted pharmacologic experiments with opium narcotics and It is a great privilege and honor to be here today, giv­ coal tar analgesics on reaction time, tapping speed, etc., ing the second annual lecture on the history of psy­ much as Kraepelin as early as 1883 had done in Wundt's chopharmacology. My friend Frank Ayd did such an laboratory with alcohol and caffeine, calling it then Phar­ admirable job with his lecture last year, on the early macopsychologie (Macht 1920). history, that I have had a hard problem finding gaps W. Freeman, in 1931, wrote a more general paper to fill. What I have finally chosen to do is to trace for in the Journal of the American Medical Association on you some of the early history, complete with anecdotes, what he called psychochemistry, and in 1935 Thorner which preceded our modern notions of psychology and wrote the fIrst paper resembling our modern concept pharmacology and then to tell you something of my of the term with "Psychopharmacology of Sodium own experiences and findings in the psychiatric world Amytal in Catatonia." I will discuss this paper in more of the 1940s and 1950s, a world that was remarkably detail later . After a careful search of the modern litera­ different and simplistic compared to today. I also in­ ture, I came to the conclusion that official general use tend to give you a subjective "oral history" of my own of the term psychopharmacology in publications dates stumbling attempts to make some sense out of the only to 1960, following a paper by Ross and Cole enti­ vague and somewhat chaotic potpourri of ideas and tled "Psychopharmacology," when also psychophar­ pharmacologic approaches to psychiatric problems a macology appears for the fIrst time as a free-standing half century ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Karen Horney Vs. Sigmund Freud
    Karen Horney vs. Sigmund Freud: Breaking Barriers in Psychoanalysis for Women as a Woman Cate Boyette Individual Performance Senior Division Process Paper: 492 words Boyette 1 Last summer, I was a volunteer at a coding camp for gifted, disadvantaged elementary school girls. At the camp, we used a book titled Women in Science-- 50 Fearless Pioneers Who ​ Changed the World. After doing National History Day for two years, I knew I wanted to do it ​ again, and I was on the lookout for topics to fit the theme of Breaking Barriers in History. After I read the excerpt on Karen Horney, I immediately knew I wanted to tell her story. The way she challenged Freudian beliefs for having both misogynistic and scientific flaws during a time when promoting such ideas could ruin one’s reputation as a psychoanalyst clearly broke barriers. She also paved the way for women who wanted to pursue psychoanalysis and specialize in adult therapy. Because my topic this year was more academic in nature, my research process differed from previous years. I immediately noticed that primary sources were easier to find, especially medical articles, journals from the time, and the works of Horney and other psychoanalysts. My most useful primary sources were the two books by Horney. I used Feminine Psychology to ​ ​ explain her counter-argument to Freud´s popular theory on the castration complex in women and I used Neurosis and Human Growth to discuss her anti-Freudian beliefs. What was difficult to ​ ​ ​ ​ find were high-quality secondary sources. Since most of my primary sources focused on particular aspects of Horney's life, I tried looking for a biography.
    [Show full text]
  • Welcome to AP Psychology! – 2019 SUMMER ASSIGNMENT
    Welcome to AP Psychology! – 2019 SUMMER ASSIGNMENT I am ecstatic that you have decided to join this class and chose to challenge yourself with the fascinating world of psychology. I am certain that you will find this course worthwhile and personally relevant. Although it is the summer, there is work to be done. Please note, AP Psychology is an elective, college-level course with higher student expectations than most courses taken by high school students. With that being said, it is imperative that we get a jump start on the AP Psychology curriculum. It is mandatory and, in your best interest to complete the summer assignment. Your summer assignment is comprised of THREE mini-assignments. Each assignment will serve a specific purpose that will assist you throughout the school year and aid in your preparations for the AP Exam in May. The following assignment is due by August 12. Please send all answers for Part 2 and 3 typed in a Word or Google document, electronically (via email) to Mrs. Schwan: [email protected]. You may also share your document via Google drive to the same email address. Part 1 will be submitted to Mrs. Schwan by 3:10 August 12. Summer Assignment #1 – “ Who’s Who?” Create Your Cards! Names to Know for the AP Psychology Exam Directions: You will create a set of baseball style cards for the 24 most influential Psychologists. Using either Wikipedia (not my favorite, but they are all there with all of the information you will need) or another search engine of your choice, look up each of the names below and complete a bit of research about each of these influential psychologists.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychoanalytic Play Therapy
    c01.qxd 6/4/03 2:46 PM Page 1 Chapter 1 PSYCHOANALYTIC PLAY THERAPY Richard N. Bromfield As he did for so many other forms of treatment, Sigmund Freud laid the founda- tion for psychodynamic play therapy. His work with and thinking about his adult patients inspired new insights into the emotional development and experiences of children, particularly the profound relationship of children’s psyches, bodies, and sexuality (1905). Although he clinically focused on adults, his informal analyses of his own children and treatment of Little Hans, a five-year-old boy with a horse phobia (1909/1955), and his working backward toward the early experiences of his adult patients, set the stage for the logical next step of treating children. Hermine von Hug-Hellmuth, a teacher in Vienna, became the first to formally treat children with talk and play. In 1920, she wrote that “[t]he analysis both of the child and of the adult has the same end and object; namely, the restoration of the psyche to health and equilibrium which have been endangered through influences known and unknown” (p. 287). Initially treating her young patients in their own homes, Hug-Hellmuth appreciated the influence of family and saw children’s dif- ficulties much rooted in their parents’ unresolved troubles. She also believed that conscious insight was not a requisite to a child’s finding relief and help in play. The most cited beginnings of child therapy revolve around Anna Freud in Vi- enna and Melanie Klein in Berlin. Both women held deep beliefs in the richness and complexity of childhood and development, appreciated the suffering that children know, and valued play therapy as a means for understanding and healing.
    [Show full text]
  • Perspectives from Psychoanalytic Infant Observation
    YOUNG CHILDREN AND THEIR PARENTS YOUNG CHILDREN AND THEIR PARENTS Perspectives from Psychoanalytic Infant Observation Gertraud Diem-Wille Translated by Benjamin Mcquade Originally published in Germany as Das Kleinkind und Seine Eltern: Perspektiven Psychoanalytischer Babybeobachtung © 2009 W. Kohlhammer GmbH Stuttgart. First published in English in 2014 by Karnac Books Ltd 118 Finchley Road London NW3 5HT Copyright © 2014 by Gertraud Diem-Wille Translated from the German by Benjamin Mcquade. The translation was prepared with financial support from the Austrian Science Fund ( ). The right of Gertraud Diem-Wille to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with §§ 77 and 78 of the Copyright Design and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A C.I.P. for this book is available from the British Library ISBN-13: 978-1-78049-143-1 Typeset by V Publishing Solutions Pvt Ltd., Chennai, India Printed in Great Britain www.karnacbooks.com To my grandchildren Samira, Karim, and Olivia CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix ABOUT THE AUTHOR xi PREFACE xiii Margaret Rustin FOREWORD xvii FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION xix INTRODUCTION xxi CHAPTER ONE Understanding psychological development 1 CHAPTER TWO The first year of life 63 vii viii CONTENTS CHAPTER
    [Show full text]
  • Institute of Contemporary Psychoanalysis Class: Structural Theory, Ego Psychology, and Contemporary Structural Theory Weekend P
    Institute of Contemporary Psychoanalysis Class: Structural theory, Ego Psychology, and Contemporary Structural Theory Weekend psychoanalytic training program 2020-2021 Instructors: Estelle Shane and Martha Slagerman COURSE DESCRIPTION In this class we will trace the development of Freud’s structural theory into and past Ego Psychology, drawing from readings that scrutinize, criticize, and modify its evolution, with both theoretical and clinical implications. We begin with the Freud texts that pertain both to structural theory and his two theories of anxiety, along with Anna Freud’s contributions on the mechanisms of defense. We then move into commentaries and criticisms of Freud’s theories and his listening techniques, as well as discussions of Anna Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. Next we move into Brenner’s ego psychology and commentaries and criticisms of that theory. Two sessions are then devoted to contemporary structural theory, and the final session focuses on the contributions of Loewald. COURSE OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this class to is provide candidates with knowledge of the history and development of structural theory, ego psychology, and contemporary structural theory. This will be done using texts written by Freud and Anna Freud, next moving into the 50’s and 60’s, Brenner, Hartmann, Kris, and Lowenstein, and then into more contemporary writings. Our hope is that candidates will see the arc of theory development, and how it evolves into modern structural theory and ego psychology in the present. At the completion of this class candidates will be able to: 1. Explain Freud’s structural theory 2. Identify Freud’s two theories of anxiety 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Repression and the Absence of Retrieval Cues Clifford Arthur Levin Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1979 Repression and the absence of retrieval cues Clifford Arthur Levin Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Levin, Clifford Arthur, "Repression and the absence of retrieval cues" (1979). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 7289. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/7289 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy.
    [Show full text]