DOCSLIB.ORG

Zootaxa, a New Genus and Species of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Zootaxa, a New Genus and Species of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Zootaxa 1745: 63–68 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new genus and species of Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) inducing galls in seed capsules of Eucalyptus IL-KWON KIM & JOHN LA SALLE CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia School of Botany and Zoology; The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Leprosa milga Kim & La Salle gen. & sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) is described from Eucalyptus seed capsules. The new species is an Australian seed gall inducer which has become established in South Africa and Italy. The relationship of Leprosa to two other genera of seed gall inducing tetrastichines, Quadrastichodella and Moona, is discussed. Key words: Tetrastichinae, Leprosa, Quadrastichodella, Moona, Eucalyptus Introduction Most members of Tetrastichinae are known to be entomophagous as primary or hyper parasitoids on a wide variety of insects, as well as a few other arthropod hosts, including even spider egg sacs and nematodes (La Salle 1994). However, several species are known to be phytophagous, and these include gall inducers (La Salle 2005). Within Australia, tetrastichine gall-inducers mainly attack Eucalyptus, and a few other Myrta- ceae, and can induce galls on twigs, leaves, flower buds and seeds (Bouček 1988; Headrick et al. 1995; Noyes 2002, 2003; Kim et al. 2004; Kim et al. 2005; La Salle 2005). The vast majority of Australian tetrastichines are parasitoids, and many of them are associated with galls as inquilines or parasitoids (Bouček, 1988; La Salle 2005). Several species of gall-inducing tetrastichines were accidentally introduced from Australia to other areas, and have become invasive pests (Flock 1957; Timberlake 1957; Bouček 1988; Headrick et al. 1995; Mendel et al. 2004; Kim et al. 2005; La Salle 2005). These include Quadrastichodella nova Girault (Flock 1957; Tim- berlake, 1957), Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Mendel et al. 2004), Epichrysocharis burwelli Schauff (Schauff & Garrison 2000), Oncastichus goughi Headrick & LaSalle (Gough 1988; Redak & Bethke 1995; Headrick et al. 1995; Gates & Schauff 2005) and Moona spermophaga (Kim et al. 2005). Among those gall-inducing tetrastichines, species in the genus Quadrastichodella and Moona spermoph- aga induce galls on seeds of several species of Eucalyptus and Corymbia (Bouček 1988; Ikeda 1999; La Salle 2005; Kim et al. 2005). These two genera appear closely related based on their seed-galling biology as well as morphological characters (Kim et al. 2005). Quadrastichodella species induce galls in eucalypts. The best known species is Quadrastichodella nova Girault which was first reported from California (Flock 1957; Timberlake 1957, as Flockiella eucalypti). Although Australian in origin, it is now recorded from Israel, Spain, Italy, USA, Argentina and South Africa (Noyes 2002, 2003; La Salle 2005). Accepted by M. Gates: 14 March 2008; published: 9 Apr. 2008 63 Moona, the second genus of Tetrastichinae known to induce galls on eucalypt seeds, was described very recently from Australia. Moona spermophaga Kim & La Salle was first found from eucalypt seedlots which were exported to Argentina (Kim et al. 2005). Recently, this species was found in South Africa (Kim & La Salle, unpublished data). Recently, a third genus of Tetrastichinae which induces galls on eucalypt seeds was found in seed capsules of Eucalyptus in South Africa. As specimens could emerge along with Moona spermophaga, Quadrasti- chodella sp. and Megastigmus sp., it was not immediately apparent that this species could indeed induced galls. However, detailed studies showed that the new species sometimes emerged from seed capsules where other species were not present, so that it is assumed to be capable of inducing galls (Mrs. Ottilie Neser, per- sonal communication). Since work on the present paper began, this same new species has been found in Italy, where it also appears to be established and is causing galls on seeds of Eucalpytus sp. (L. De Marzo, pers. com.). In the present paper, this new genus and species is described as Leprosa milga Kim & La Salle gen. & sp. nov. Its relationship with the other two seed-galling genera is discussed, although more detailed phylogenetic studies are still necessary. Format. A single diagnosis and description are offered for a new genus and species combination. This is done to avoid repetition in the species and genus description because it is not yet clear what are generic or spe- cies level characters. Terminology used in this paper is taken from Gibson (1997) and Graham (1987). OOL, ocellar–ocular dis- tance; POL, post-ocellar distance; CC, costal cell; SMV, submarginal vein; MV, marginal vein; STV, stigmal vein; PMV, postmarginal vein; PDL, pedicel; F1–4, funicular segments; C1–3, claval segments. Acronyms used in the text are as follows. ANIC, Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO Entomol- ogy, Canberra, Australia; BMNH, The Natural History Museum, London, UK; SANC, South African National Collection of Insects, Pretoria, South Africa; USNM, United States National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA. Leprosa Kim & La Salle gen. nov. Type species: Leprosa milga. Gender feminine. Etymology. The generic name comes from the Greek lepros, meaning scaly and/or rough. It refers to the coarse reticulation on the pedicel. Leprosa milga Kim & La Salle sp. nov. Diagnosis. Pedicel with coarse and raised reticulation; this reticulation absent on the scape. Frons with very weak frontofacial suture. Median carina with a small transverse split. Gena strongly swollen and malar sulcus strongly curved. Pronotum about 0.3 length of mid lobe of mesoscutum. Dorsellum about 2.3 times as long as propodeum. Propodeum smooth without median carina. The entire rim of propodeal spiracle exposed. Sub- marginal vein with 2 setae. Postmarginal vein about half the length of stigmal vein. Description. Female (Fig. 1–8). Body 1.3–1.9 mm. Body mainly brownish yellow with some dark brown areas and stripes. Head brownish yellow except back of the head and ocellar triangle dark brown. Antenna brown; scape mainly brownish yellow, brown api- cally. Pronotum with small dark area anteriorly. Scapula with dark area apically. Scutellum in anterior half with small dark area medially; the remainder brownish yellow. Mesopleuron with a dark spot ventrally. Propo- deum mainly dark except callus and postero-lateral end. Gaster with transverse brown stripes on every seg- ment. Legs mainly pale brown. 64 · Zootaxa 1745 © 2008 Magnolia Press KIM & LA SALLE FIGURES 1–7. Leprosa milga &. 1. Antenna, inner side; 2. Pedicel, outer side; 3. Face, frontal view; 4. Mesosoma, dor- sal view; 5. Mesosoma, lateral view; 6. Gaster, lateral view; 7. Forewing. A NEW SEED GALL INDUCING TETRASTICHINAE Zootaxa 1745 © 2008 Magnolia Press · 65 Head (Fig. 3). POL approximately 8 times as long as OOL. Frons with very weak frontofacial suture; with distinctive median carina. Median carina with a small transverse crack-like suture which can be seen more clearly on a dried specimen. Antennal torulus placed lower than middle of face; slightly above the ventral line of eyes. Gena strongly swollen and malar sulcus strongly curved. Face with longitudinal furrow extending from torulus to clypeus. Clypeal margin bilobed. Antenna (Fig. 1–2) with 3 anelli and 3 funicular segments. The second anellus shorter than others and asymmetrical in lateral view, becoming thinner dorsally. The third anellus with one seta situated dorso-later- ally on the outer side. F1 (F1/pdl = 0.54–0.57) the longest; F2 very slightly shorter than F3 (F1: F2: F3 = 1.0: 0.85–0.87: 0.89–0.92). F1 longer than broad; F2 almost quadrate; F3 broader than long. Each successive seg- ment slightly broader than preceding one (F1: F2: F3 = 1.0: 1.12–1.15: 1.35–1.39). Clava three segmented and each claval segment slightly asymmetrical with its sutures rather oblique; C3 very short and with a terminal spine which is so short that it can hardly be distinguishable from other sensillae. Pedicel with some coarse and raised reticulations, but not as coarse as seen in Quadrastichodella. Scape flattened and expanded anteriorly; not extending above the vertex. Thorax (Figs 4–5). Pronotum about 0.3 length of mid lobe of mesoscutum in dorsal view. Mesoscutum with a distinct medlian line; with 5–7 adnotaular setae. Transscutal articulation normal; not deep and wide. Scutellum with 2 dorsal setae; anterior pair situated slightly beyond the middle. Dorsellum about 2.3 times as long as propodeum, in dorsal view. Propodeum smoth without distinct median carina; the whole rim of pro- podeal spiracle exposed. Callus with 8–10 setae. Mesosternum nearly flat and without precoxal suture in front of trochantinal lobe. Gaster (Fig. 6) almost as long as head plus thorax. Apex of hypopygium extending about 0.27–0.28 length of gaster and reaching almost up to the posterior margin of G3. Cercus with 3 setae, all subequal in length. Wing (Fig. 7) veins light brown and without hyaline breaks. Submarginal vein with 2 dorsal setae; taper- ing apically and joining parastigma distal to proximal end of parastigma.. Marginal vein not swollen. Postmar- ginal vein about 0.5 length of stigmal vein. CC: MV: STV: PMV = 3.8–4.3: 3.8–6.0: 1.0: 0.5–0.6. Basal line of setae absent and cubital line of setae not extending past base of speculum. Speculum very small; area distal to speculum densely setose. Male unknown. Type material. Holotype &: SOUTH AFRICA WCAPE, Stellenbosch, 33.56S, 18.51E, 30.ix.2004, S. Neser. ex. galls in locules of ripe seed capsules of Eucalyptus ?camaldulensis. (ANIC) . FIGURES 8–9. Leprosa milga and galled seeds of Eucalyptus ?camaldulensis. 8. L. milga &; 9. seeds with emergence hole in a seed capsule. 66 · Zootaxa 1745 © 2008 Magnolia Press KIM & LA SALLE 28 & Paratypes: Same collection date as Holotype (1&, SANC; 4&, ANIC); SOUTH AFRICA NCAPE, Colesberg, 30.42S, 25.07E, xi.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; Download Unter
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Entomofauna Jahr/Year: 2007 Band/Volume: 0028 Autor(en)/Author(s): Yefremova Zoya A., Ebrahimi Ebrahim, Yegorenkova Ekaterina Artikel/Article: The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Entomofauna ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE Band 28, Heft 25: 321-356 ISSN 0250-4413 Ansfelden, 30. November 2007 The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Zoya YEFREMOVA, Ebrahim EBRAHIMI & Ekaterina YEGORENKOVA Abstract This paper reflects the current degree of research of Eulophidae and their hosts in Iran. A list of the species from Iran belonging to the subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae is presented. In the present work 47 species from 22 genera are recorded from Iran. Two species (Cirrospilus scapus sp. nov. and Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) are described as new. A list of 45 host-parasitoid associations in Iran and keys to Iranian species of three genera (Cirrospilus, Diglyphus and Aprostocetus) are included. Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel zeigt den derzeitigen Untersuchungsstand an eulophiden Wespen und ihrer Wirte im Iran. Eine Liste der für den Iran festgestellten Arten der Unterfamilien Eu- lophinae, Entedoninae und Tetrastichinae wird präsentiert. Mit vorliegender Arbeit werden 47 Arten in 22 Gattungen aus dem Iran nachgewiesen. Zwei neue Arten (Cirrospilus sca- pus sp. nov. und Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) werden beschrieben. Eine Liste von 45 Wirts- und Parasitoid-Beziehungen im Iran und ein Schlüssel für 3 Gattungen (Cirro- spilus, Diglyphus und Aprostocetus) sind in der Arbeit enthalten.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Distribution and Host Records of Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Mexico
    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México González, Jorge M.; Matthews, Robert W.; Bradleigh Vinson, S. Distribution and host records of Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Mexico Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 79, núm. 2, diciembre, 2008, pp. 529-531 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42511935026 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 79: 529- 531, 2008 Nota Científi ca Distribution and host records of Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Mexico Distribución y huéspedes de Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) en México Jorge M. González1*, Robert W. Matthews2 and S. Bradleigh Vinson1 1Texas A & M. University, Department of Entomology, Entomology Research Laboratory, College Station, Texas 77843-2475, USA. 2University of Georgia, Department of Entomology, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA. *Correspondent: [email protected] Abstract. Specimens of a parasitoid wasp attacking pupae of Anastrepha ludens (Loew) in Mexico were identifi ed as Melittobia digitata Dahms, and after a revision of several worldwide insect collections, M. australica Girault was also found to be present in Mexico. Distribution, diagnosis, hosts and collection locations are given for both species. The possibility that M. acasta (Walker) is also present in Mexico is discussed. Key words: Eulophidae, Melittobia australica, M. digitata, M. acasta, Anastrepha ludens, Mexico, distribution. Resumen. Se identifi caron como Melittobia digitata Dahms ejemplares de un parasitoide atacando pupas de Anastrepha ludens (Loew) proveniente de México.
    [Show full text]
  • The Entomofauna on Eucalyptus in Israel: a Review
    EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 116: 450–460, 2019 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2019.046 REVIEW The entomofauna on Eucalyptus in Israel: A review ZVI MENDEL and ALEX PROTASOV Department of Entomology, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeTzion 7528809, Israel; e-mails: [email protected], [email protected] Key words. Eucalyptus, Israel, invasive species, native species, insect pests, natural enemies Abstract. The fi rst successful Eucalyptus stands were planted in Israel in 1884. This tree genus, particularly E. camaldulensis, now covers approximately 11,000 ha and constitutes nearly 4% of all planted ornamental trees. Here we review and discuss the information available about indigenous and invasive species of insects that develop on Eucalyptus trees in Israel and the natural enemies of specifi c exotic insects of this tree. Sixty-two phytophagous species are recorded on this tree of which approximately 60% are indigenous. The largest group are the sap feeders, including both indigenous and invasive species, which are mostly found on irrigated trees, or in wetlands. The second largest group are wood feeders, polyphagous Coleoptera that form the dominant native group, developing in dying or dead wood. Most of the seventeen parasitoids associated with the ten invasive Eucalyptus-specifi c species were introduced as biocontrol agents in classical biological control projects. None of the polyphagous species recorded on Eucalyptus pose any threat to this tree. The most noxious invasive specifi c pests, the gall wasps (Eulophidae) and bronze bug (Thaumastocoris peregrinus), are well controlled by introduced parasitoids.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Hymenoptera Research on Chamelaucium Unciatum (Myrtaceae), It Petiole, Phragma Generally Projecting Into Is Apparent That Phytophagous Species Are Gaster
    J. HYM. RES. Vol. 9(1), 2000, pp. 176-181 An Introduced Species of Epichrysocharis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Producing Galls on Eucalyptus in California with Notes on the Described Species and Placement of the Genus M. E. SCHAUFF AND R. GARRISON (MES) Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C. 20560-0168, USA; (RG) Department of Agricultural Commissioner, Weights and Measures, County of Los Angeles, 3400 La Madera Ave., El Monte, CA 91732, USA Abstract. —Epichrysocharis burzvelli Schauff, new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is de- scribed from specimens collected in southern California. Epichrysocharis burzvelli forms small blis- of ter-like galls on the leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora. The previously described species Epichryso- charis are reviewed and separated from E. burwelli. Evidence suggests that this species was acci- dentally introduced into the United States from Australia. In early 1999, specimens of a small chal- had been unknown, although it was stated cidoid wasp were submitted to the Sys- that they had been "associated with small tematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, galls on Eucalypt leaves" (Boucek 1988). by the California Department of Food and The specimens recorded from California Agriculture (CDFA) for identification, were reared from small blister-like galls These tiny wasps were found emerging on the leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora and from galls on the leaves of Eucalyptus ci- unemerged specimens have been dissect- triodora in the Los Angeles area. Recently, ed from inside galls on the leaves. We can their occurrence has been noted in several find no evidence that E. burwelli is para- nurseries, and they are becoming wide- sitizing some other insect in or associated spread in the Los Angeles area.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Quadrastichus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): a Gall-Inducing Pest on Erythrina (Fabaceae)
    J. HYM. RES. Vol. 13(2), 2004, pp. 243–249 A New Species of Quadrastichus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): A Gall-inducing Pest on Erythrina (Fabaceae) IL-KWON KIM, GERARD DELVARE, AND JOHN LA SALLE (IKK, JLS) CSIRO Entomology, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; email: [email protected] (GD) CIRAD TA 40L, Campus International de Baillarguet-Csiro, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France; email: [email protected] Abstract.—Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim sp.n. is described from Singapore, Mauritius and Re´- union. This species forms galls on the leaves, stems, petioles and young shoots of Erythrina var- iegata and E. fusca in Singapore, on the leaves of E. indica in Mauritius, and on Erythrina sp. in Re´union. It can cause extensive damage to the trees. Key words.—Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Quadrastichus, phytophagous, gall inducer, Singapore, Mauritius, Erythrina, Fabaceae Species of Eulophidae are mainly para- 1988; Redak and Bethke 1995; Headrick et sitoids, but secondary phytophagy in the al. 1995); Epichrysocharis burwelli Schauff form of gall induction has arisen on many (Schauff and Garrison 2000); and Leptocybe occasions (Boucˇek 1988; La Salle 1994; invasa Fisher & La Salle (Mendel et al. Headrick et al. 1995; Mendel et al. 2004; 2004). Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim sp.n. La Salle 2004). Gall-inducing Eulophidae has recently achieved pest status in Sin- generally belong to two groups: Opheli- gapore, Mauritius and Re´union. Erythrina mini is an Australian lineage which con- trees have been grown in these areas for sists mainly of gall inducers on eucalypts, decades, and this species has never been but perhaps also on some other myrta- recorded from them.
    [Show full text]
  • EPPO Reporting Service
    ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND ET MEDITERRANEENNE MEDITERRANEAN POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION OEPP Service d’Information NO. 5 PARIS, 2017-05 Général 2017/092 Situation de certains organismes nuisibles réglementés en Lituanie en 2016 2017/093 Nouvelles données sur les organismes de quarantaine et les organismes nuisibles de la Liste d’Alerte de l’OEPP 2017/094 Rapport de l’OEPP sur les notifications de non-conformité : Israël (2016) Ravageurs 2017/095 Interception de Neodiprion abietis aux Pays-Bas : addition à la Liste d'Alerte de l’OEPP 2017/096 Premier signalement d’Aleurolobus marlatti à Chypre 2017/097 Premier signalement de Zaprionus indianus en France 2017/098 Aceria kuko signalé dans plusieurs pays européens 2017/099 Premier signalement d’Epichrysocharis burwelli au Portugal 2017/100 Prospection sur les nématodes à kyste de la pomme de terre en Algérie 2017/101 Globodera capensis : un nouveau nématode à kyste décrit en Afrique du Sud Maladies 2017/102 Xylella fastidiosa aux Islas Baleares (ES) : détails supplémentaires et détection sur vigne 2017/103 Xylella taiwanensis sp. nov. cause la brûlure foliaire du poirier à Taiwan 2017/104 Premier signalement du Rose rosette virus en Inde 2017/105 Premier signalement d’Hymenoscyphus fraxineus en Bosnie-Herzégovine 2017/106 Premier signalement d’Hymenoscyphus fraxineus au Monténégro 2017/107 Premier signalement d’Hymenoscyphus fraxineus en Serbie Plantes envahissantes 2017/108 Verticilliose sur Ailanthus altissima en Autriche 2017/109 Colocasia esculenta : une plante envahissante qui se dissémine dans la Péninsule ibérique 2017/110 Cinq nouvelles plantes exotiques de la flore du Monténégro 2017/111 Espèces de Prosopis en Israël, en Cisjordanie et dans l’ouest de la Jordanie 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int OEPP Service d’Information 2017 no.
    [Show full text]
  • Establishment of Parasitoids of the Lily Leaf Beetle in North America
    Environmental Entomology, 2017, 1–11 doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx049 Biological Control - Parasitoids and Predators Research Establishment of Parasitoids of the Lily Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in North America Lisa Tewksbury,1,2 Richard A. Casagrande,1 Naomi Cappuccino,3 and Marc Kenis4 1Department of Plant Sciences and Entomology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881 ([email protected]; [email protected]), 2Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected], 3Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 ([email protected]), and 4CABI, Dele´mont, CH 2800, Switzerland ([email protected]), Subject Editor: James Nechols Received 15 September 2016; Editorial decision 30 January 2017 Abstract Three larval parasitoids were imported from Europe to control the lily leaf beetle, Lilioceris lilii Scopoli (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an accidentally introduced herbivore of native and cultivated lilies in North America. Tetrastichus setifer Thomson (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was introduced in Massachusetts in 1999, and was found to be established there in 2002. Subsequent releases of T. setifer were made and two additional parasitoids, Lemophagus errabundus Szepligeti (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Diaparsis jucunda (Holmgren) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), were introduced. The establishment and distribution of the three parasitoids was evaluated through 2016. Tetrastichus setifer is now established in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Maine, Connecticut, and Ontario, Canada. Lemophagus errabundus is established in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, and D. jucunda is established in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Maine. All three parasitoids have spread at least 10 km from release sites. The establishment of T. setifer is associated with a substantial reduction of L. lilii. In time it is likely that the parasitoids will spread throughout the North American range of L.
    [Show full text]
  • Dayanna Do Nascimento Machado
    0 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS RURAIS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL Dayanna do Nascimento Machado DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA E POSSÍVEIS ROTAS DE DISPERSÃO DE Thaumastocoris peregrinus (HEMIPTERA: THAUMASTOCORIDAE) Santa Maria, RS 2020 1 Dayanna do Nascimento Machado DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA E POSSÍVEIS ROTAS DE DISPERSÃO DE Thaumastocoris peregrinus (HEMIPTERA: THAUMASTOCORIDAE) Tese apresentada ao Curso de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM, RS), como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutora em Engenharia Florestal. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Ervandil Corrêa Costa Santa Maria, RS, 2020 Machado, Dayanna do Nascimento DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA E POSSÍVEIS ROTAS DE DISPERSÃO DE Thaumastocoris peregrinus (HEMIPTERA: THAUMASTOCORIDAE) / Dayanna do Nascimento Machado.- 2020. 81 p.; 30 cm Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Florestal, RS, 2020 1. Espécie invasiva 2. Eucalyptus 3. Corymbia 4. mtDNA 5. Engenharia Florestal I. Título. Sistema de geração automática de ficha catalográfica da UFSM. Dados fornecidos pelo autor(a). Sob supervisão da Direção da Divisão de Processos Técnicos da Biblioteca Central. Bibliotecária responsável Paula Schoenfeldt Patta CRB 10/1728. 2 Dayanna do Nascimento Machado DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA E POSSÍVEIS ROTAS DE DISPERSÃO DE Thaumastocoris peregrinus (HEMIPTERA: THAUMASTOCORIDAE) Tese apresentada ao Curso de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM, RS), como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutora em Engenharia Florestal. Aprovado em 09 de janeiro de 2020: Santa Maria, RS 2020 3 DEDICATÓRIA Com carinho, dedico este trabalho aos meus pais, Maria Lúcia dos Santos do Nascimento e Paulo Olegário dos Santos Machado que nunca mediram esforços para que eu pudesse estudar e sempre me incentivaram a buscar novos desafios.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Cultivated Blueberries
    ARTHROPOD BIOLOGY Biology of Parasitoids (Hymenoptera) Attacking Dasineura oxycoccana and Prodiplosis vaccinii (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Cultivated Blueberries BLAIR J. SAMPSON,1 TIMOTHY A. RINEHART,1 OSCAR E. LIBURD,2 STEPHEN J. STRINGER,1 1 AND JAMES M. SPIERS Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 99(1): 113Ð120 (2006) ABSTRACT The blueberry gall midge, Dasineura oxycoccana (Johnson), and blueberry tip midge, Prodiplosis vaccinii (Felt) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), are recurring cecidomyiid pests of cultivated blueberries in the southern United States and Mediterranean Europe. Insecticides can give short-term control, but overlap in parasitoid phenologies indicates the potential for natural control of midge populations. Using a combination of laboratory rearing and mitochondrial DNA analysis of Þeld samples, we identiÞed Þve species of solitary endoparasitoids that killed 30Ð40% of midges. These species include at least three undescribed platygastrids in the genera Synopeas, Platygaster, and Inostemma. An undescribed prepupal idiobiont, Aprostocetus sp. (Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) was the only midge parasitoid that was consistently active when rabbiteye blueberries, Vaccinium ashei Reade, were in ßower. Six percent of midge prepupae, half of which already contained platygastrid larvae, were parasitized by Aprostocetus. KEY WORDS biological control, Platygastridae, Eulophidae, high-Þdelity polymerase chain reac- tion, parasitism BLUEBERRY GALL MIDGE, Dasineura oxycoccana (John- However, injury to blueberry leaf buds and meristems son), and blueberry tip midge, Prodiplosis vaccinii by P. vaccinii often induces excessive suckering, leaf (Felt), are two species of univoltine gall midges distortions, and leaf drop, which could result in lighter (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) that feed exclusively on bud sets (Gagne´ 1986, Williamson and Miller 2000). Vaccinium buds. Midges are not easily detected be- Little is known about the interactions between cause their feeding damage only becomes visible 7Ð midges and their parasitoids on fruit crops.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), Fortuitous Parasitoids of Invasive Eulophid Gall Inducers (Tetrastichinae) on Eucalyptus and Erythrina
    Zootaxa 3846 (2): 261–272 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.2.6 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:103D4A30-E395-43F0-AD50-48FFE38B3BD5 Two new Aprostocetus species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), fortuitous parasitoids of invasive eulophid gall inducers (Tetrastichinae) on Eucalyptus and Erythrina MAN-MIAO YANG1, YU-CHE LIN1, YAOJUN WU2, NICOLE FISHER3, TITIPORN SAIMANEE4, BENJAKHUN SANGTONGPRAOW5, CHAODONG ZHU6,7, WILLIAM CHIEN-HSIEN CHIU1,9 & JOHN LA SALLE3,8 1Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 40227, TAIWAN. E-mail: [email protected] (Yang); [email protected] (Lin); [email protected] (Chiu) 2Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, 23 Yongwu Road, Nanning 530001, PR China. E-mail: [email protected] 3Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Facilities and Collections, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 4Product & Technology Development Center, SCG Paper PLC., Ratchaburi 70110, Thailand. E-mail: [email protected] 5Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. E-mail: [email protected] 6Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China. 7University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China. E-mail: [email protected] 8 Atlas of Living Australia, CSIRO National Facilities and Collections, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 9Corresponding author Abstract Two closely related new species of Aprostocetus Westwood (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) are described as fortuitous parasitoids of invasive gall inducers in two other genera of Tetrastichinae, Leptocybe Fisher & LaSalle and Qua- drastichus Girault.
    [Show full text]
  • Pest Detection Semiannual Report
    Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey (CAPS) Program United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine and the Hawaii Department of Agriculture Pest Detection Semiannual Report FY 2005 (July 1 to December 31, 2005) Cooperative Agreement no. 05-8510-0586-CA (CORE) February 1, 2006 Prepared by Ronald A. Heu, State Survey Coordinator Troy H. Suh, Biological Technician Hawaii Department of Agriculture 1428 South King Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96814-2512 Phone (808) 973-9528 FAX (808) 973-9533 Project Project Description Completed or current HDOA Actions Attachment Category Infrastructure In 2002 and 2003, Federal (Homeland Seven replacement computers and Development Security) funds were used to develop related peripherals are being for Pest the infrastructure necessary to purchased for the recording and Detection expand the Hawaii Department of disseminating of pest information, Agriculture (HDOA) pest surveillance photos, and maps. and reporting program on all the major Hawaiian Islands. In 2004, A web server is being purchased for enhancing the infrastructure was the public broadcast of pest continued using Federal Cooperative information. Agricultural Pest Survey (CAPS) Pest Detection funds. Part of infrastructure development is staff training on the use of For 2005, infrastructure development Geographic Information System (GIS) is continuing. in conducting pest surveys. A two- day training session is being planned for March or April 2006. Micro-photography is a way to document the taxonomic characters of new pest insects, weeds and diseases and will help in their identification. A dedicated digital camera and software system will be purchased for this activity. Pest detection The HDOA Survey Program conducts As of December 2005, there were 10 Attachment activities plant pest detection surveys on all new insects and one plant disease #1.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, the Acasta Conundrum
    Zootaxa 1854: 45–54 (2008) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2008 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) The acasta conundrum: Polymorphism and taxonomic confusion within the parasitoid genus Melittobia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) ROBERT W. MATTHEWS1 & JORGE M. GONZÁLEZ2 1Department of Entomology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Seven of the 13 described species of this gregarious, polyphagous, polymorphic parasitoid have been placed in the acasta species group of Melittobia Westwood (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) based on ethological and morpholog- ical criteria, but taxonomic confusion remains. Based on field and laboratory studies of variability and polymorphism, current species descriptors for this group are called into question and Melittobia femorata Dahms is synonymized under M. megachilis (Packard). Biologically, M. megachilis distinctly differs from other acasta group species in several aspects of life cycle and host utilization. Although M. acasta (Walker) and M. digitata Dahms are clearly valid species, three oth- ers (M. chalybii Ashmead, M. scapata Dahms, M. evansi Dahms) are more enigmatic and may be temporal, nutritional, or host-based variants of M. megachilis that will require additional study. The “Virginia” type locality for M. chalybii of authors is properly Bladensburg, Maryland, USA. One of the 13 female syntypes of Chrysocharis aeneus Brues (previ- ously synonymized under M. megachilis) is designated as Lectotype. Key words: Eulophidae, Melittobia, parasitoid, polymorphism, synonymy, life history Introduction Wasps in the genus Melittobia Westwood (Eulophidae) are small, gregariously developing, polyphagous, sib- mating pupal ectoparasitoids.
    [Show full text]