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Additions to the Mollusk Checklist of Cocos Island National Park, Costa Rica (Eastern Tropical Pacific)

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Additions to the Mollusk Checklist of Cocos Island National Park, Costa Rica (Eastern Tropical Pacific) See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256547554 Additions to the mollusk checklist of Cocos Island National Park, Costa Rica (Eastern Tropical Pacific) Article · July 2013 CITATIONS READS 5 631 3 authors: Jeffrey Alejandro Sibaja-Cordero Kimberly García-Méndez University of Costa Rica California State Polytechnic University, Pom… 38 PUBLICATIONS 204 CITATIONS 4 PUBLICATIONS 9 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Jesus Souza Troncoso University of Vigo 223 PUBLICATIONS 1,360 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Temporal variation of the subtidal benthic macrofauna in sedimentary bottoms of Ría de Aldán (NW Iberian Peninsula) View project LIFE-SEACAN `Reducing the pressure of fish canneries on the marine environment with novel effluent treatment and ecosystem monitoring´ View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jesus Souza Troncoso on 13 January 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. © Sociedad Española de Malacología Iberus , 31 (2): 127-163, 2013 Additions to the mollusk checklist of Cocos Island National Park, Costa Rica (Eastern Tropical Pacific) Adiciones al catalogo de los moluscos del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica (Pacifico Tropical Este) Jeffrey A. SIBAJA-CORDERO 1,2,3 , Kimberly GARCÍA-MÉNDEZ 2,3 and Jesús S. TRONCOSO 1 Recibido el 9-I-2013. Aceptado el 1-VII-2013 ABSTRACT During an expedition aimed to study the benthos of subtidal sand bottoms (3-75 m) of Isla del Coco National Park, on the Pacific Ocean side of Costa Rica, a total of 40 species of mollusks were collected and identified. The gastropods were the most diverse with 21 spe - cies, followed by the bivalves with 16 species. Also, one species of Polyplacophora, one species of Scaphopoda, and three specimens of Solenogastres (first record of the class in Central American waters) were found in the dredges. Eleven of these species are new additions to the island, and together with literature records, a total of 545 species of mollusks is now known from Isla del Coco. A new species of the genus Caecum is descri - bed. RESUMEN Durante una expedición para el estudio del bentos en el fondo de arena submareal (3-75 m) del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Océano Pacífico de Costa Rica, un total de 40 especies de moluscos fue encontrado. Los gasterópodos fueron los más diversos, con 21 especies, seguidos por los bivalvos con 16 especies. También, una especie de Polyplacop - hora, una especie de Scaphopoda, y 3 ejemplares de Solenogastres (primer registro en aguas de América Central) se encontraron en las dragas. Once de estas especies son nuevas adiciones para la Isla y junto con otras especies citadas en la literatura, suponen un total de 545 especies de moluscos presentes en la Isla del Coco. Se describe una nueva especie del género Caecum . INTRODUCTION Knowledge of the malacofauna of the Carpenter, and Dall. During the 20th Tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean started with century, authors like Hertlein and Strong material identified during the 19th century, and Olsson published several works. Later, by taxonomists such as d`Orbigny, Bro - the species of the region were compiled derip, Sowerby I, Lesson, Hinds, Adams, by KEEN (1971) with a taxonomic key, and 1 Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain. 2 Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Ciudad de la Investigación, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica. 3 Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica. 127 Iberus , 31 (2), 2013 Coan and VALENTICH -S COTT (2012) pre - expeditions between 1983-1989, with the sented a handbook of the Bivalves with collaboration of Shasky and Kaiser and these references and others. In the first increased the fauna from surveys in diffe - decade of the present century, several rent habitats, producing more than 50 authors also published taxonomic work taxonomic publications ( CORTÉS , 2008; on sea slugs (e.g. CAMACHO -G ARCÍA , G OS - 2009). Recently we have had access to an LINER AND VALDÉS , 2005). unpublished manuscript based on these Within the Tropical Eastern Pacific, expeditions to the island, by Montoya, the oceanic islands of Revillagigedo Shasky and Kaiser (unpublished manus - (Mexico), Clipperto n (French posses - cript, 1988), with title: “The marine sion), Isla Malpelo (Colombia), Galapa - Mollusca of Isla del Coco, Costa Rica”. gos (Ecuador) and Isla del Coco (Costa The present study used a quantita - Rica) are sites of except ional interest for tive sampling, employing a van Veen the study of marine mollusks ( KAISER grab and 500 µm mesh sieves to retain AND BRYCE 2001). Due to their geograp - macro and micromollusks. The main hic position as emerged points of the goals of the project were to collect speci - oceanic sea-floor, these islands are isola - mens and identify them to the lowest ted places, with a steep bathymetric gra - taxonomic level possible in order to dient, and exposed to changes in inten - increase the number of species reported sity and direction of marine currents from Isla del Coco National Park, to around the year (Fig. 1). describe new species if appropriate, and Studies on the malacofauna of these to understand the biogeographic affinity islands have become more numerous in of the species found, compared to other the last decades. For example, KAISER sites of the Tropical Pacific Ocean. AND BRYCE (2001) studied the mollusks of Isla Malpelo, and mentioned the referen - ces of the first expeditions that collected MATERIAL AND METHODS mollusks: Allan Hanckock’s Pacific Expe - dition on Velero III in 1931, Smithsonian The Isla del Coco National Park was Tropical Research Institute expedition of visited during the UCR-UNA-COCO-I 1972, and the Thornin expedition in 1990. expedition on board the M/V Argo from KAISER AND BRYCE (2001) found several 19 to 29 April 2010. Isla del Coco is new records of micromollusks for this about 500 km from the mainland of island during their study (1988 to 2000). Costa Rica, and more than 630 km from In the Galapagos, several researchers Isla Malpelo and the Galapagos Islands visited or studied the mollusks with con - (LIZANO , 2001) (Fig. 1, Fig. 2). At each of tributions listed in the compilations of 27 sampling stations, between 3 and 75 FINET (1991) and FINET , C HIRIBOGA , R UIZ , m depth (Fig. 2 and Table I), five sedi - BANKS AND TIRADO (2011). EMERSON ment samples were collected with a van (1994, 1995) and KAISER (2007), also Veen grab (total sampling area per studied the mollusks of Revillagigedo station: 0.31 m 2) (S IBAJA -C ORDERO , and Clipperton. CORTÉS (2008, 2009), TRONCOSO AND CORTÉS , 2012). Orga - mentioned several studies of marine nisms were stained with rose bengal mollusks in Isla del Coco, for example, and preserved with formalin diluted to those of BIOLLEY (1935), SHASKY (1987), 5% in sea water. The samples were later FERREIRA (1987), CHANEY (1992), KAISER sieved through a 500 µm mesh and the (1998), HERTZ AND KAISER (1998). Speci - sorted material stored in glass vials mens collected in the majority of studies filled with 70% ethanol ( VARGAS , 1987; in Parque Nacional Isla del Coco (PNIC), SIBAJA -C ORDERO ET AL ., 2012). were obtained from occasional surveys, The species were identified using during dives, mostly on rocky and coral mainly the keys of KEEN (1971) and reefs. MONTOYA (1988) did some dred - COAN AND VALENTICH -S COTT (2012), as ging and netting at random sites around well as original descriptions, and illustra - the island during the Victoria af Carlstat tions on the web page of the Natural 128 SIBAJA -C ORDERO ET AL .: Adittions to the mollusk checklist of Cocos Island National Park Figure 1. Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean, showing the location of the main oceanic currents and islands. Black arrows indicate the direction of the currents in April, the white arrows in October, and black-white arrows indicate the direction of the Equatorial Countercurrent in October (Based on HENDRICKX , 1995; L IZANO , 2008). Figura 1. Oceano Pacifico Tropical Este, se muestra la ubicación de las principales Corrientes oceanicas e islas. Flechas negras indican la dirección de las corrientes en abril, las fleches blancas en octubre, y las fleches blanco-negro indican la dirección de la Contracorriente Ecuatorial en octubre (Basado en HEN - DRICKX , 1995; L IZANO , 2008). History Museum Rotterdam (www.nmr- with distilled water, and remains of pics.nl). The specimens were deposited in adhered tissue were removed with a the Museo de Zoología (MZUCR), fine forceps and an ultrasonic bath (20 Escuela de Biología, Universidad de sec). The shells were dried under an Costa Rica (UCR), Costa Rica. The sam - incandescent lamp (4 hr). Subsequently, pling was part of a comprehensive study using a double-sided tape, the speci - of the benthic community of the island mens were placed on an aluminum stub (SIBAJA -C ORDERO , 2012), therefore a code for SEM; silver paint was added to the number was assigned to each species, edges of this tape to increase the con - and maintained for the species presented ductivity. The samples were covered here (Codes 45 to 84). The code is part of with Pd/Pt alloy using an “ion coater” the information in the museum label. The (Model Giko IB-3), for 4 min. The speci - station (st.) and dredge (d.) in which each mens were then examined in a SEM species was found, is also given. (Hitachi model S-570) and photomicro - Scanning Electron Microscopy graphs were taken of the complete shell (SEM) was necessary to identify the spe - (frontal and lateral view), the detail of cimens of a gastropod of the genus the sculpture, and details of the septum, Caecum .
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