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The T)Iary of Sidney Qeorge Fisher 1863

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The T)Iary of Sidney Qeorge Fisher 1863 The T)iary of Sidney Qeorge Fisher 1863 IDNEY GEORGE FISHER, whose opinions and life have been unrolling through many issues of the MAGAZINE, viewed 1863 S in terms of the Civil War, whose cause he closely followed, and of politics. The efforts of the Democrats to return to power and to overset the "unconstitutional" measures adopted by Lincoln for the prosecution of the war gave him much uneasiness. However, mid- way through 1863, the decisions at Gettysburg and Vicksburg tipped the military balance in favor of the Union, and in the fall, the hopes of the Democratic Party were dealt a severe blow at the polls. As usual, Fisher spent the year at his suburban residence Forest Hill, happy in the company of his wife Bet and his only child Sidney. He had taken up peach growing at his farm in Maryland in rather a large way, hoping thereby to improve his finances. All in all, were it not for the gout, which was becoming increasingly troublesome, 1863 was a happy year for him. January 5, 1863 A club, to be called the Union League, has been got up. The conditions of membership are unwavering loyalty and support of the government in all its efforts to suppress the rebellion. They are to rent Mr. Kuhn's old house in Chestnut St. above nth. Clark [Hare] handed me the prospectus & list of names and wants me to join it, which I am by no means disposed to do for many reasons.1 January 8> 1863 Gen'l Butler, who was in command at New Orleans since its capture until a few weeks ago when he was re- l Hartman Kuhn's mansion was occupied by the Union League during its first two years and was later sold to Matthias Baldwin. The building was torn down in 1901. Judge John Innes Clark Hare (1816-1905) was one of the founders of the League. 456 1964 DIARY 1863 457 moved2 and Gen'l Banks put in his place,3 was in town yesterday & had a reception last night at the Continental Hotel. He made a very good speech which is in this morning's paper. He is a coarse man, no doubt, & was a Democrat, but has done good service in the war. He has intelligence, administrative talents, firmness & decision. He was the man for the place and for the Southern people, who hate him with a concentrated bitterness which is unmeasured in its language. Davis has issued a proclamation declaring that he will hang him if he can catch him.4 He governed New Orleans no doubt with stern severity, but also with justice and with so much ability that for the first time the city was orderly & safe and also healthy. January ioy 1863 McMichael told me that Chas. Ingersoll had made a speech on Thursday at the opening of a Democratic club, just established, & that it was in yesterday's Tress* Went to the office of the Tress & read it. It is even more extravagant than his former efforts. He declares that slaves are just like any other kind of prop- erty; that the Northern people are pro-slavery; that the Union must be restored and as that cannot be done by war, it must be done by submission to the South; that when the Democrats come into power, they will say to the South, "Gentlemen, make your own terms." He recommends calling a national convention to settle the war, and as the governor & Senate of Penna. are Republican, whilst the House is Democratic, he thinks the House should stop the supplies to coerce the government into its measures. These sentiments, the report says, were loudly applauded. I think they are calculated to injure him and his cause, as their extravagant folly & absurdity must disgust all sensible men of his own party. 2 Gen. Benjamin F. Butler (1818-1893) commanded the land troops in the 1862 expedition against New Orleans, and after its capture was placed in command of its military government. After a controversial tour of duty in that capacity, he was removed on Dec. 16, 1862. 3 Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks (1816-1894), an unsuccessful field commander. 4 "Now therefore, I, Jefferson Davis, President of the Confederate States of America, and in their name, do pronounce and declare the said Benjamin F. Butler to be a felon, deserving of capital punishment. I do order . that, in the event of his capture, the officer in charge of the capturing force do cause him to be immediately executed by hanging." Robert S. Holzman, Stormy Ben Butler (New York, 1954), 102. 6 Morton McMichael, publisher of the North American, was referring to the opening of Democratic headquarters, the Central Democratic Club, at 524 Walnut St. on Jan. 8, 1863, when Charles Ingersoll, the diarist's brother-in-law, was elected president of the club. The Press was an influential Philadelphia newspaper. 458 SIDNEY GEORGE FISHER October January 14^ 1863 The election for senator came off yesterday at Harrisburg and resulted in the choice of a Mr. Buckalew, a Democrat.6 Went to town. Saw Col. Patterson,7 a Democrat, who told me all about it, and the whole affair was most disgraceful to all concerned, as well as significant of our condition. The Democrats had a majority of one on joint ballot & were therefore entitled to success. Simon Cameron was the Republican candidate. It was known that Cameron was prepared to pay a large sum for Democratic votes enough to elect himself. As the venality of members was well known, the Democrats sent up to Harrisburg a large body of rowdies, pledged to put to death anyone of their party who voted for a Union man. They filled the hall. Buckalew was elected and the affair went off without disturbance. Here, then, were exhibited the two character- istics of democracy, fraud & violence. The Republicans disgraced themselves in selecting Cameron, a man notoriously corrupt, and the Democrats by resorting to force proved alike the corruption of their own party & their contempt for law & order. Patterson thinks we are on the verge of anarchy, that the Democrats will be able to stop the war & grant their own terms to the South, & thinks they will insist on calling a national convention to restore the Union & alter the Con- stitution. Met Ch. Ingersoll. He was in a state of great exultation at what he considers the triumph of the Democratic Party & said that soon they will resort to mob law & physical force to carry out their views. I told him that would only be in accordance with democratic principles in all ages & that I did not doubt but they would willingly imitate the Jacobins in France, if they could. January f6> 1863 Drove with Bet & Sidney at 2 to Edward IngersolPs.8 Mr. John Emory of the Eastern Shore of Md. is staying there. He thoroughly sympathizes with the rebellion, yet his brother is an officer in our army. When the war broke out, he left his resigna- 6 Charles R. Buckalew (i 821-1899) of Columbia County, formerly minister to Ecuador, later served in Congress from 1887 to 1891. 7 Robert Emmet Patterson (1830-1906), a son of Gen. Robert Patterson, was appointed colonel of the 115th Pennsylvania Infantry on June 2$, 1862. 8 The diarist's brother-in-law Edward Ingersoll lived on what had been a part of the Henry Pratt McKean Fern Hill property. The driveway to his place was at the corner of Morris Drive and Wissahickon Ave. Ingersoll was married to Anna Warren of Troy, N. Y., and McKean to her sister, Phebe Elizabeth Warren. 1964 DIARY 1863 459 tion with his brother John to be sent in should Maryland join the South. John sent it in prematurely, expecting & hoping that Mary- land would secede. She did not, however, and then his brother ap- plied to be re-instated & had influence enough to succeed, much to the disgrace of the government.9 We found them at dinner & did not go in. This morning read a pamphlet entitled "The way a free people make war" by Mr. C. J. Still6, a member of our bar.10 It has at- tracted much attention & is very well written. He shows that in the contest by England with Napoleon, which ended with his downfall, the English people behaved just as our Northern people do now, eager & enthusiastic at first, expecting immediate success, depressed by reverses, abusing the government & the army, with a disloyal party sympathizing with the enemy. He shows also that, tho the cost of the English war was greater than ours is likely to be, it was easily borne by the people, tho the resources of England then were far less than ours are now. In fact, the prosperity of England increased greatly during the war, notwithstanding its burdens, just as the North is now prosperous. The parallel, however, is not perfect in all respects. England was not a democracy and her statesmen at that time were men of the highest ability. The democratic element in England then sympathized with the enemy, just as it now does with us, but it did not rule & had no chance of ruling. January f?y 1863 In the trial before a court-martial of Gen'l McDowell, now in progress,11 a letter from the President to Gen'l McClellan was put in evidence. It is marked by the good feeling, good sense & sound principle that distinguish Mr. Lincoln. It shows also firmness and decision. He is the only man worthy of confidence in the government and has shown great qualities in a position of immense difficulty and responsibility.
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