1 Overview 2 History
USB For the portable USB storage device, see USB flash from the point of designed insertion lifetime. The stan- drive. For other uses, see USB (disambiguation). dard and mini connectors were designed for less than daily connections, with a design lifetime of 1,500 in- [5] Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an industry standard de- sertion/removal cycles. (Improved mini-B connectors have reached 5,000-cycle lifetimes.) Micro connectors veloped in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, con- nectors and communications protocols used in a bus for were designed with frequent charging of portable devices in mind; not only is design lifetime of the connector im- connection, communication, and power supply between [5] computers and electronic devices.[2] proved to 10,000 cycles, but it was also redesigned to place the flexible contacts, which wear out sooner, on the USB was designed to standardize the connection of easily replaced cable, while the more durable rigid con- computer peripherals (including keyboards, pointing de- tacts are located in the micro-USB receptacles. Likewise, vices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, the springy part of the retention mechanism (parts that disk drives and network adapters) to personal comput- provide required gripping force) were also moved into ers, both to communicate and to supply electric power. plugs on the cable side.[6] It has become commonplace on other devices, such as smartphones, PDAs and video game consoles.[3] USB has USB connections also come in five data transfer modes: effectively replaced a variety of earlier interfaces, such as Low Speed, Full Speed, High Speed, SuperSpeed, and serial and parallel ports, as well as separate power charg- SuperSpeed+.
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